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SMITHSONIAN  MISCELLANEOUS  COLLECTIONS 

VOLUME  69,  NUMBER  1 


SMITHSONIAN 


fV 


METEOROLOGICAL 

TABLES 


[based  on  guyot’s  meteorological  and  physical  tables] 


FO  UR  TH  RE  VISED  EDITION 

(Corrected  to  January,  1918) 


(Publication  2493) 


CITY  OF  WASHINGTON 

PUBLISHED  BY  THE  SMITHSONIAN  INSTITUTION 
,9.8  ^ 


t 


ADVERTISEMENT  TO  FOURTH  REVISED  EDITION. 


The  original  edition  of  the  Smithsonian  Meteorological  Tables  was 
issued  in  1893,  and  revised  editions  were  published  in  1896,  1897,  and  1907. 
A  fourth  revised  edition  is  here  presented,  which  has  been  prepared  under 
the  direction  of  Professor  Charles  F.  Marvin,  Chief  of  the  U.S.  Weather 
Bureau,  assisted  by  Professor  Herbert  H.  Kimball.  They  have  had  at  their 
disposal  numerous  notes  left  by  the  late  Professor  Cleveland  Abbe,  and 
have  consulted  with  officials  of  the  U.S.  Bureau  of  Standards  and  of  other 
Government  bureaus  relative  to  the  value  of  certain  physical  constants 
that  have  entered  into  the  calculation  of  the  tables. 

All  errata  thus  far  detected  in  the  earlier  editions  have  here  been 
corrected.  New  vapor  pressure  tables,  derived  from  the  latest  experimental 
values  by  means  of  a  modification  of  Van  der  Waals  interpolation  formula 
devised  by  Professor  Marvin,  have  been  introduced.  The  table  of  relative 
acceleration  of  gravity  at  different  latitudes  has  been  recomputed  from  a 
new  equation  based  upon  the  latest  investigations  of  the  U.S.  Coast  and 
Geodetic  Survey.  These  values  have  been  employed  in  reducing  barometric 
readings  to  the  standard  value  of  gravity  adopted  by  the  International 
Bureau  of  Weights  and  Measures,  supplementing  a  table  that  has  been 
introduced  for  directly  reducing  barometer  readings  from  the  value  of  grav¬ 
ity  at  the  place  of  observation  to  its  standard  value. 

The  new  values  of  vapor  pressure  and  of  gravity  acceleration  thus 
obtained,  together  with  a  recent  and  more  accurate  determination  of  the 
density  of  mercury,  have  called  for  an  extensive  revision  of  numerous  other 
tables,  and  especially  of  those  for  the  reduction  of  psychrometric  observa¬ 
tions,  and  the  barometrical  tables. 

Among  the  new  tables  added  are  those  for  converting  barometric 
inches  and  barometric  millimeters  into  millibars,  for  determining  heights 
from  pressures  expressed  in  dynamic  units,  tables  of  gradient  winds,  and 
tables  giving  the  duration  of  astronomical  and  civil  twilight,  and  the  trans¬ 
mission  percentages  of  radiation  through  moist  air. 

#  The  tables  of  International  Meteorological  Symbols,  of  Cloud  Clas¬ 
sification,  of  the  Beaufort  Scale  of  Winds,  of  the  Beaufort  Weather  Nota¬ 
tion,  and  the  List  of  Meteorological  Stations,  are  among  those  extensively 
revised. 

Tables  for  reducing  barometric  readings  to  sea  level,  and  tables  of 
logarithms  of  numbers,  of  natural  sines  and  cosines,  of  tangents  and  cotan¬ 
gents,  and  for  dividing  by  28,  29,  and  31,  with  a  few  others,  have  been 
omitted  from  this  edition. 

Charles  D.  Walcott, 

b-  _  Secretary. 

s.  Smithsonian  Institution, 

March ,  1918. 


iii 


Oi 


ADVERTISEMENT  TO  THIRD  REVISED  EDITION 


The  original  edition  of  Smithsonian  Meteorological  Tables  was  issued 
in  1893,  and  revised  editions  were  published  in  1896  and  1897.  A  third 
revised  edition  is  here  presented,  which  has  been  prepared  at  the  request 
of  the  late  Professor  Langley  by  the  cooperation  of  Professors  Alexander 
McAdie,  Charles  F.  Marvin,  and  Cleveland  Abbe. 

All  errata  thus  far  detected  have  been  corrected  upon  the  plates,  the 
Marvin  vapor  tensions  over  ice  have  been  introduced,  Professor  F.  H. 
Bigelow’s  System  of  Notation  and  Formulae  has  been  added,  the  List  of 
Meteorological  Stations  has  been  revised,  and  the  International  Meteoro¬ 
logical  Symbols,  together  with  the  Beaufort  Notation,  are  given  at  the 
close  of  the  volume. 

R.  Rathbun, 

Acting  Secretary. 

Smithsonian  Institution, 

December,  1906. 


ADVERTISEMENT  TO  SECOND  REVISED  EDITION. 


The  edition  of  .the  Smithsonian  Meteorological  Tables  issued  in  1893 
having  become  exhausted,  a  careful  examination  of  the  work  has  been  made, 
at  my  request,  by  Mr.  Alexander  McAdie,  of  the  United  States  Weather 
Bureau,  and  a  revised  edition  was  published  in  1896,  with  corrections 
upon  the  plates  and  a  few  slight  changes.  The  International  Meteorologi¬ 
cal  Symbols  and  an  Index  were  also  added. 

The  demand  for  the  work  has  been  so  great  that  it  becomes  necessary 
to  print  a  new  edition  of  the  revised  work,  which  is  here  presented  with 
corrections  to  date. 

S.  P.  Langley, 
Secretary. 

Smithsonian  Institution, 

Washington  City, 

October  30,  1897. 


IV 


PREFACE  TO  EDITION  OF  1893. 


In  connection  with  the  system  of  meteorological  observations  estab* 
lished  by  the  Smithsonian  Institution  about  1850,  a  collection  of 
meteorological  tables  was  compiled  by  Dr.  Arnold  Guyot,  at  the 
request  of  Secretary  Henry,  and  published  in  1852  as  a  volume  of  the 
Miscellaneous  Collections. 

Five  years  later,  in  1857,  a  second  edition  was  published  after 
careful  revision  by  the  author,  and  the  various  series  of  tables  were 
so  enlarged  as  to  extend  the  work  from  212  to  over  600  pages. 

In  1859  a  third  edition  was  published,  with  further  amendments. 

Although  designed  primarily  for  the  meteorological  observers  report¬ 
ing  to  the  Smithsonian  Institution,  the  tables  obtained  a  much  wider 
circulation,  and  were  extensively  used  by  meteorologists  and  physicists 
in  Europe  and  in  the  United  States. 

After  twenty-five  years  of  valuable  service,  the  work  was  again 
revised  by  the  author ;  and  the  fourth  edition,  containing  over  700 
pages,  was  published  in  1884.  Before  finishing  the  last  few  tables, 
Dr.  Guyot  died,  and  the  completion  of  the  work  was  intrusted  to  his 
assistant,  Prof.  Wm.  Libbey,  Jr.,  who  executed  the  duties  of  final  editor. 

In  a  few  years  the  demand  for  the  tables  exhausted  the  edition, 
and  thereupon  it  appeared  desirable  to  recast  entirely  the  work.  After 
very  careful  consideration,  I  decided  to  publish  the  new  tables  in 
three  parts:  Meteorological  Tables,  Geographical  Tables,  and 
Physical  Tables,  each  representative  of  the  latest  knowledge  in  its 
field,  and  independent  of  the  others ;  but  the  three  forming  a  homo¬ 
geneous  series. 

Although  thus  historically  related  to  Dr.  Guyot’ s  Tables,  the  present 
work  is  so  substantially  changed  with  respect  to  material,  arrange¬ 
ment,  and  presentation  that  it  is  not  a  fifth  edition  of  the  older  tables, 
but  essentially  a  new  publication. 


v 


vi 


PREFACE. 


In  its  preparation  the  advantage  of  conformity  with  the  recently 
issued  International  Meteorological  Tables  has  been  kept  steadily  in  view, 
and  so  far  as  consistent  with  other  decisions,  the  constants  and  methods 
there  employed  have  been  followed.  The  most  important  difference  in 
constants  is  the  relation  of  the  yard  to  the  metre.  The  value  provi¬ 
sionally  adopted  by  the  Bureau  of  Weights  and  Measures  of  the  United 
States  Coast  and  Geodetic  Survey, 

i  metre  =  39.3700  inches, 

has  been  used  here  in  the  conversion-tables  of  metric  and  English 
linear  measures,  and  in  the  transformation  of  all  formulae  involving 
such  conversions. 

A  large  number  of  tables  have  been  newly  computed  ;  those  taken 
from  the  Internatio7ial  Meteorological  Tables  and  other  official  sources 
are  credited  in  the  introduction. 

To  Prof.  Wm.  Libbey,  Jr.,  especial  acknowledgments  are  due  for 
a  large  amount  of  attention  given  to  the  present  work.  Prof.  Libbey 
had  already  completed  a  revision,  involving  considerable  recomputation, 
of  the  meteorological  tables  contained  in  the  last  edition  of  Guyot’s 
Tables,  when  it  was  determined  to  adopt  new  values  for  many  of  the 
constants,  and  to  have  the  present  volume  set  with  new  type.  This 
involved  a  large  amount  of  new  computation,  which  was  placed  under 
the  direction  of  Mr.  George  E.  Curtis,  who  has  also  written  the 
text,  and  has  carefully  prepared  the  whole  manuscript  and  carried  it 
through  the  press.  To  Mr.  Curtis’s  interest,  and  to  his  special  experi¬ 
ence  as  a  meteorologist,  the  present  volume  is  therefore  largely  due. 

Prof.  Libbey  has  contributed  Tables  38,  39,  55,  56,  61,  74,  77,  89, 
and  90,  and  has  also  read  the  proof-sheets  of  the  entire  work. 

I  desire  to  express  my  acknowledgments  to  Prof.  Cleveland  Abbe, 
for  the  manuscript  of  Tables  32,  81,  82,  83,  84,  85,  86;  to  Mr.  H.  A. 
Hazen,  for  Tables  49,  50,  94,  95,  96,  which  have  been  taken  from  his 
Hand-book  of  Meteorological  Tables ;  and  also  to  the  Superintendent  of 
the  United  States  Coast  and  Geodetic  Survey,  the  Chief  Signal  Officer 
of  the  Army,  and  the  Chief  of  the  Weather  Bureau,  for  much  valuable 
counsel  during  the  progress  of  the  work. 

S.  P.  LANGLEY, 

Secretary . 


Table  of  Contents. 


Page 

INTRODUCTION.  i 

Description  and  use  of  the  Tables . xi  to  lxxii 


THERMOMETRICAL  TABLES. 

Table 

Conversion  of  thermometric  scales  — 

1  Approximate  Absolute,  Centigrade,  Fahrenheit,  and  Reau¬ 

mur  scales . 

2  Fahrenheit  scale  to  Centigrade . 

3  Centigrade  scale  to  Fahrenheit . 

4  Centigrade  scale  to  Fahrenheit,  near  the  boiling  point  of  water 

5  Differences  Fahrenheit  to  differences  Centigrade  .... 

6  Differences  Centigrade  to  differences  Fahrenheit  .... 

Correction  for  the  temperature  of  the  emergent  mercurial  column 

of  thermometers. 

7  Correction  for  Fahrenheit  thermometers  . 

8  Correction  for  Centigrade  thermometers  . 


CONVERSIONS  INVOLVING  LINEAR  MEASURES. 

9  Inches  into  millimeters . 16 

10  Millimeters  into  inches . 23 

11  Barometric  inches  into  millibars . 36 

12  Barometric  millimeters  into  millibars . 38 

13  Feet  into  meters . 40 

14  Meters  into  feet . 42 

15  Miles  into  kilometers . 44 

16  Kilometers  into  miles . 46 

17  Interconversion  of  nautical  and  statute  miles . 48 

18  Continental  measures  of  length  with  their  metric  and  English 

equivalents . 48 

CONVERSION  OF  MEASURES  OF  TIME  AND  ANGLE. 

19  Arc  into  time . 50 

20  Time  into  arc . 51 

21  Days  into  decimals  of  a  year  and  angle . 52 

22  Hours,  minutes  and  seconds  into  decimals  of  a  day  ....  56 


2 

5 

10 

13 

13 

13 


14 

14 


Vlll 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


Table  Page 

23  Decimals  of  a  day  into  hours,  minutes  and  seconds  ....  56 

24  Minutes  and  seconds  into  decimals  of  an  hour . 57 

25  Local  mean  time  at  apparent  noon . 57 

26  Sidereal  time  into  mean  solar  time . .  .  58 

27  Mean  solar  time  into  sidereal  time . 58 

CONVERSION  OF  MEASURES  OF  WEIGHT. 

28  Conversion  of  avoirdupois  pounds  and  ounces  into  kilograms  .  60 

29  Conversion  of  kilograms  into  avoirdupois  pounds  and  ounces  .  61 

30  Conversion  of  grains  into  grams . 61 

31  Conversion  of  grams  into  grains . 62 

WIND  TABLES. 

32  Synoptic  conversion  of  velocities . 64 

33  Miles  per  hour  into  feet  per  second . 65 

34  Feet  per  second  into  miles  per  hour  . 65 

35  Meters  per  second  into  miles  per  hour . 66 

36  Miles  per  hour  into  meters  per  second . 67 

37  Meters  per  second  into  kilometers  per  hour . 68 

38  Kilometers  per  hour  into  meters  per  second . 69 

39  Scale  of  velocity  equivalents  of  the  so-called  Beaufort  scale  of 

wind . 70 

Mean  direction  of  wind  by  Lambert’s  formula  — 

40  Multiples  of  cos  450;  form  and  example  of  computation  .  .  71 

41  Values  of  the  mean  direction  (a)  or  its  complement  (90°  —  a)  72 

Radius  of  critical  curvature  and  velocities  of  gradient  winds 

for  frictionless  motion  in  highs  and  lows  — 

42  English  measures . 77 

43  Metric  measures  . 78 

REDUCTION  OF  TEMPERATURE  TO  SEA  LEVEL. 

44  English  measures . 82 

45  Metric  measures . 83 

BAROMETRICAL  TABLES. 

Reduction  of  mercurial  barometer  to  standard  temperature  — 

46  English  measures  86 

47  Metric  measures  106 

Reduction  of  mercurial  barometer  to  standard  gravity  — 

48  Direct  reduction  from  local  to  standard  gravity  .  .  .  .  129 

Reduction  through  variation  with  latitude  — 

49  English  measures . 130 

50  Metric  measures . 132 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 

Table 

Determination  of  heights  by  the  barometer  —  English  measures  — 

51  Values  of  60368  (1  +  0.0010195  X  36)  log.  2C)A)°  .... 

B 

52  Term  for  temperature . 

53  Correction  for  gravity  and  weight  of  mercury . 

54  Correction  for  average  degree  of  humidity . 

55  Correction  for  the  variation  of  gravity  with  altitude  . 
Determination  of  heights  by  the  barometer  —  Metric  and  dyna¬ 
mic  measures  — 

760 

56  Values  of  18400  log  — . 

B 

57  Values  of  18400  log  IQI^ . 

B 

58  Temperature  correction  factor  ( a  =  .003670) . 

59  Temperature  correction  (0.00367  6  X  Z) . 

60  Correction  for  humidity .  ... 

61  Correction  for  humidity.  Auxiliary  to  Table  58  ...  . 

62  Correction  for  gravity  and  weight  of  mercury . 

63  Correction  for  the  variation  of  gravity  with  altitude  .  .  . 

64  Difference  of  height  corresponding  to  a  change  of  0.1  inch  in 

the  barometer  —  English  measures . 

65  Difference  of  height  corresponding  to  a  change  of  1  millimeter 

in  the  barometer  —  Metric  measures . 

Determination  of  heights  by  the  barometer  — 

66  Formula  of  Babinet . 

Barometric  pressures  corresponding  to  the  temperature  of  the 

boiling  point  of  water  — 

67  English  measures . 

68  Metric  measures . 

HYGROMETRICAL  TABLES. 

69  Pressure  of  aqueous  vapor  over  ice  —  English  measures  .  .  . 

70  Pressure  of  aqueous  vapor  over  water  —  English  measures  .  . 

71  Pressure  of  aqueous  vapor  over  ice  —  Metric  measures  .  .  . 

72  Pressure  of  aqueous  vapor  over  water  —  Metric  measures 

73  Weight  of  a  cubic  foot  of  saturated  vapor  —  English  measures  . 

74  Weight  of  a  cubic  meter  of  saturated  vapor  —  Metric  measures  . 
Reduction  of  psychrometric  observations  —  English  measures  — 

75  Values  of  e  =  e'  —  0.00036 7B  {t  —  t')  ( 1  +  - - — ^ .  .  . 

\  1571  / 

76  Relative  Humidity  —  Temperature  Fahrenheit  .... 
Reduction  of  Psychrometric  Observations  —  Metric  measures  — 

77  Values  of  e  =  e'  —  0.000660  B  (t  —  /')  (1  +  0.001 15  t’)  .  . 

78  Relative  humidity  —  Temperature  Centigrade . 


IX 

Page 

134 

138 

140 

142 

143 


144 

145 

147 

148 

149 
151 

153 

154 

155 

156 

157 


158 

158 


160 

161 

165 

166 

169 

170 

172 

183 

186 

192 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


X 

Table  Page 

79  Rate  of  decrease  of  vapor  pressure  with  altitude  for  mountain 

stations . 1 94 

Reduction  of  snowfall  measurements  — 

80  Depth  of  water  corresponding  to  the  weight  of  a  cylin¬ 

drical  snow  core  2.655  inches  in  diameter . 194 

81  Depth  of  water  corresponding  to  the  weight  of  snow  (or 

rain)  collected  in  an  8-inch  gage . 195 

82  Quantity  of  rainfall  corresponding  to  given  depths . 195 

GEODETICAL  TABLES. 

83  Value  of  apparent  gravity  on  the  earth  at  sea  level . 198 

84  Relative  acceleration  of  gravity  at  different  latitudes  .  .  .  .  199 

85  Length  of  one  degree  of  the  meridian  at  different  latitudes  .  .  201 

86  Length  of  one  degree  of  the  parallel  at  different  latitudes  .  .  202 

87  Duration  of  sunshine  at  different  latitudes . 203 

88  Declination  of  the  sun  for  the  year  1899 . 214 

89  Duration  of  astronomical  twilight . 215 

90  Duration  of  civil  twilight . 216 

Relative  intensity  of  solar  radiation  at  different  latitudes  — 

91  Mean  intensity  for  24  hours  of  solar  radiation  on  a  hori¬ 

zontal  surface  at  the  top  of  the  atmosphere  .  .  .  .  217 

92  Relative  amounts  of  solar  radiation  received  on  a  horizontal 

surface  during  the  year  at  the  surface  of  the  earth  .  .  218 

93  Air  mass,  ra,  corresponding  to  different  zenith  distances  of  the 

sun . 218 

94  Relative  illumination  intensities . 218 

MISCELLANEOUS  TABLES. 

Weight  in  grams  of  a  cubic  centimeter  of  air  —  English  measures  — 

95  Temperature  term . 220 

96  Humidity  term,  auxiliary  table . 221 

97  Humidity  and  pressure  terms,  combined . 2 22 

Weight  in  grams  of  a  cubic  centimeter  of  air  —  Metric  measures  — 

98  Temperature  term . 224 

99  Humidity  term,  auxiliary  table . 225 

100  Humidity  and  pressure  terms,  combined . 226 

101  Atmospheric  water-vapor  lines  in  the  visible  spectrum  ....  229 

102  Atmospheric  water-vapor  bands  in  the  infra-red  spectrum  .  .  230 

103  Transmission  percentages  of  radiation  through  moist  air  .  .  .  231 

104  International  meteorological  symbols . 232 

105  International  cloud  classification . 234 

106  Beaufort  weather  notation  . . 236 

107  List  of  meteorological  stations . 237 


Index 


259 


INTRODUCTION. 

DESCRIPTION  AND  USE  OF  TABLES. 


THERMOMETRY. 

The  present  standard  for  exact  thermometry  is  the  normal  centigrade 
scale  of  the  constant-volume  hydrogen  thermometer  as  defined  by  the  In¬ 
ternational  Bureau  of  Weights  and  Measures.  The  constant  volume  is  one 
liter  and  the  pressure  at  the  freezing  point  is  one  meter  of  mercury  reduced 
to  freezing  and  standard  gravity.  The  scale  is  completely  defined  by  desig¬ 
nating  the  temperature  of  melting  ice,  o°,  and  of  condensing  steam,  ioo°, 
both  under  standard  atmospheric  pressure.  All  other  thermometric 
scales  that  depend  upon  the  physical  properties  of  substances  may  by  defi¬ 
nition  be  made  to  coincide  at  the  ice  point  and  the  boiling  point  with  the 
normal  scale  as  above  defined,  but  they  will  diverge  more  or  less  from  it 
and  from  each  other  at  all  other  points.  However,  by  international  consent 
it  is  customary  in  most  cases  to  refer  other  working  scales  to  the  hydrogen 
scale. 

The  absolute  or  thermodynamic  scale.  To  obviate  the  difficulty  which 
arises  because  thermometers  of  different  type  and  substance  inherently 
disagree  except  at  the  fixed  points,  Lord  Kelvin  proposed  that  tempera¬ 
tures  be  defined  by  reference  to  certain  thermodynamic  laws.  This  course 
furnishes  a  scale  independent  of  the  nature  or  properties  of  any  particular 
substance.  The  resulting  scale  has  been  variously  named  the  absolute,  the 
thermodynamic,  and,  more  recently,  in  honor  of  its  author,  the  Kelvin 
scale.  The  temperature  of  melting  ice  by  this  scale  on  the  centigrade  basis 
is  not  as  yet  accurately  known,  but  it  is  very  nearly  273.13,  and  that  of  the 
boiling  point,  373! 13. 

Many  problems  in  physics  and  meteorology  call  for  the  use  of  the  abso¬ 
lute  scale;  but  it  is  not  convenient,  and  in  many  cases  not  necessary,  to 
adhere  strictly  to  the  true  thermodynamic  scale.  In  fact,  the  general  require¬ 
ments  of  science  will  very  largely  be  met  by  the  use  of  an  approximate 
absolute  scale  which  for  the  centigrade  system  is  defined  by  the  equation 

T  =  (273°  4-  f  C.) 

The  observed  quantity,  t°,  may  be  referred  to  the  normal  hydrogen  centi¬ 
grade  scale  or  be  determined  by  any  acceptable  thermometric  method. 

This  scale  differs  from  the  true  Kelvin  scale,  first,  because  2730  is  not  the 
exact  value  of  the  ice  point  on  the  Kelvin  scale,  second,  because  each  ob¬ 
served  value  of  t°  other  than  o°  or  ioo°  requires  a  particular  correction  to 


xi 


Xll 


INTRODUCTION. 


convert  it  to  the  corresponding  value  on  the  Kelvin  scale.  These  correc¬ 
tions  will  differ  according  to  the  kind  of  thermometer  used  in  obtaining  the 
value  t°,  and  while  they  are  small  for  temperatures  between  o°  and  ioo° 
they  are  large  at  extreme  temperatures  and  are  important  in  all  questions 
involving  thermometric  precision. 

Since,  however,  the  approximate  absolute  scale  is  sufficiently  exact  for 
nearly  all  purposes,  and  especially  since  it  is  most  convenient  in  computa¬ 
tions  and  in  the  publication  of  results,  much  confusion  and  uncertainty  of 
terminology  and  meaning  will  be  obviated  if  scientists  will  agree  to  give 
the  approximate  absolute  scale  a  particular  name  of  its  own. 

For  the  purpose  of  these  tables  the  name  Approximate  Absolute  will  be 
employed,  and  in  accordance  therewith  thermometric  scales  may  be  desig¬ 
nated  as  follows:  — 


Scale. 

Ice  point. 

Boiling  point. 

Symbol. 

Centigrade 

o° 

IOO° 

c. 

Fahrenheit 

32 

212 

F.  or  Fahr. 

Reaumur 

O 

80 

R. 

Thermodynamic 

Absolute 

Kelvin 

Approximate  Absolute 


273.1 3  C.  ±  373.13  C.  ±  A.  or  K. 

491.6  F.  ±  671.6  F.  ± 

(Names  strictly  synonymous  and  strictly 
one  ideal  scale.) 

273  373  A.  A. 


Table  1.  Conversion  of  the  Approximate  Absolute  thermometric  scale  to  the 
Centigrade ,  Fahrenheit ,  and  Reaumur  scales. 

The  equivalent  values  of  the  four  scales  are  given  for  every  degree  on 
the  Approximate  Absolute  scale  from  3750  to  o°. 

By  the  help  of  the  table  of  proportional  parts  preceding  this  table,  it 
is  also  convenient  for  converting  Fahrenheit  to  Centigrade  and  Reaumur, 
and  Centigrade  to  Fahrenheit  and  Reaumur. 

The  formulae  expressing  the  relations  between  the  different  scales  are 
also  given,  in  which 

^4.^4.°  =  Temperature  —  Approximate  Absolute  Scale. 

C.°  =  Temperature — -Centigrade  Scale. 

F.°  =  Temperature — Fahrenheit  Scale. 

R.°  =  Temperature  —  Reaumur  Scale. 

Examples : 

To  convert  285^5  Approximate  Absolute  into  Centigrade,  Fahrenheit, 
and  Reaumur. 

From  the  table,  285°  A.A.  —  12°  C.  =  53°6  F.  =  9?6  R. 

From  the  proportional  parts,  0.5  =  0.5  =  0.9  =  0.4 

285.5^.^.=  12.5  C.  =  54.5  F.  =  10.0 R. 


THERMOMETRICAL  TABLES. 


Xlll 


To  convert  i6°9  Centigrade  to  Approximate  Absolute,  Fahrenheit,  and 
Reaumur. 

From  the  table,  16.  C.  =  289°  A. A.  =  60  8  F.  =  12. 8  R. 

F rom  the  proportional  parts  0.9  =  0.9  =  i-6  =  07 

16.9  C.=  289.9  A.A.  =  62.4  F.  =  13.5  R. 


Or,  i6°9  X  2  (1  -  — )  +  32  =  33.8 

-  3-4 
32.0 

62.4  F. 

To  convert  1477  Fahrenheit  to  Approximate  Absolute,  Centigrade,  and 
Reaumur. 

From  the  table,  140°  F.  =  333°  ^4.^4.  =  6o°  C.  =  48.  R. 

From  the  proportional  parts  77  =  4.3  =  4.3  =  3.4 

1477  F.  =  337-3  A  A.  =  64.3  C.  =  51.4  £• 


Or, 


1477  -  32.0 
2 


(1  + 


10 


1 

1000 


etc.)  =  57.85 
+  5-78 

+  .58 

+  .06 


64.27  c. 


Fahrenheit  may  also  be  reduced  to  Approximate  Absolute  by  obtain¬ 
ing  its  equivalent  in  Centigrade  from  Table  2  and  adding  273  to  the  result. 

To  convert  i8°3  Reaumur  to  Approximate  Absolute,  Centigrade,  and 
Fahrenheit. 

From  the  table,  16°  R.  =  293°  A. A.  =  20°  C.  =  68°  F. 

From  the  proportional  parts,  2.3  =  2.9  =  2.9  =  5.2 

18.3  R.  =  295.9  ^4.^4*  =  22.9  C.  =  73.2  F. 

Or,  18.3  X  |  =  ?L5  =  22.9  C.,  and  (i8.3X^)  +  32  =  ~~Jr  32  =  73-2  F- 

TABLE  2. 

Table  2.  Conversion  of  readings  of  the  Fahrenheit  thermometer  to  readings 
Centigrade. 


The  conversion  of  Fahrenheit  temperatures  to  Centigrade  temperatures 
is  given  for  every  tenth  of  a  degree  from  +  130^9  F.  to  —  120^9  F.  The 
side  argument  is  the  whole  number  of  degrees  Fahrenheit,  and  the  top  argu¬ 
ment,  tenths  of  a  degree  Fahrenheit ;  interpolation  to  hundredths  of  a  degree, 
when  desired,  is  readily  effected  mentally.  The  tabular  values  are  given  to 
hundredths  of  a  degree  Centigrade. 


XIV 


INTRODUCTION. 


The  formula  for  conversion  is 

c°  =|  (F°-32°) 

where  F°  is  a  given  temperature  Fahrenheit,  and  C°  the  corresponding 
temperature  Centigrade. 

Example : 

To  convert  79°7  Fahrenheit  to  Centigrade. 

The  table  gives  directly  26°50  C. 

For  conversions  of  temperatures  outside  the  limits  of  the  table  use 
Table  I. 

Table  3.  Conversion  of  readings  of  the  Centigrade  thermometer  to  readings 
Fahrenheit. 

The  conversion  of  Centigrade  temperatures  to  Fahrenheit  temperatures 
is  given  for  every  tenth  of  a  degree  Centigrade  from  +  60.9  to  —  90.9  C. 
The  tabular  values  are  expressed  in  hundredths  of  a  degree  Fahrenheit. 

The  formula  for  conversion  is 

F' °  =  |  C°  +  320 

where  C°  is  a  given  temperature  Centigrade,  and  F°  the  corresponding 
temperature  Fahrenheit. 

For  conversions  of  temperatures  outside  the  limits  of  the  table,  use 
Table  1  or  4. 

Table  4.  Conversion  of  readings  of  the  Centigrade  thermometer  near  the 
boiling  point  to  readings  Fahrenheit . 

This  is  an  extension  of  Table  3  from  90^0  to  ioo°9  Centigrade. 

Example : 

To  convert  95-74  Centigrade  to  Fahrenheit. 

From  the  table,  95 70  C.  -  204^26  F. 

By  interpolation,  0.04  =  0.07 

9574  C.  =  204:33  F. 

Table  5.  Conversion  of  differences  Fahrenheit  to  differences  Centigrade. 

The  table  gives  for  every  tenth  of  a  degree  from  o°  to  20°9  F.  the 
Corresponding  lengths  of  the  Centigrade  scale. 


THERMOMETRICAL  TABLES. 


XV 


TABLE  6. 

Table  6.  Conversion  of  differences  Centigrade  to  differences  Fahrenheit. 

The  table  gives  for  every  tenth  of  a  degree  from  o°  to  94  C.  the  corre¬ 
sponding  lengths  of  the  Fahrenheit  scale. 

Example: 

To  find  the  equivalent  difference  in  Fahrenheit  degrees  for  a  difference 
of  472  Centigrade. 

From  the  table,  470  C.  =  846  F. 

From  the  table  by  moving  the  decimal  point  for  0.2,  0.02  =  0.04 

J72  C.  =  8?50  F. 

TABLES  7,  8. 

Tables  7,  8.  Correction  for  the  temperature  of  the  emergent  mercurial  column 
of  thermometers. 

When  the  temperature  of  the  thermometer  stem  containing  a  portion 
of  the  mercury  column  is  materially  different  from  that  of  the  bulb,  a  correc¬ 
tion  needs  to  be  applied  to  the  observed  reading  unless  the  instrument  has 
been  previously  graduated  for  the  condition  of  use.  This  correction  fre¬ 
quently  becomes  necessary  in  physical  experiments  where  the  bulb  only,  or 
else  the  bulb  with  a  portion  of  the  stem,  is  immersed  in  a  bath  whose  tem¬ 
perature  is  to  be  determined.  In  meteorological  observations  the  correction 
may  become  appreciable  in  wet-bulb,  dew-point,  and  solar-radiation  ther¬ 
mometers,  when  the  temperature  of  the  bulb  is  considerably  above  or  below 
the  air  temperature. 

If  / '  be  the  average  temperature  of  the  emergent  mercury  column,  t  the 
observed  reading  of  the  thermometer,  n  the  length  of  the  mercury  in  the 
emergent  stem  in  scale  degrees,  and  a  the  apparent  expansion  of  mercury 
in  glass  for  i°,  the  correction  is  given  by  the  expression 

an  (t  —  t ') ,  or  —  an  it'  —  t ) 

which  latter  may  be  the  more  convenient  form  when  t '  is  greater  than  t. 

The  value  of  a  varies  with  the  composition  of  the  glass  of  which  the 
thermometer  stem  is  composed.  For  glass  of  unknown  composition  the  best 
average  value  for  centigrade  temperatures  appears  to  be  0.000155,  while  for 
stems  of  Jena  16111,  or  similar  glasses,  or  Jena  59111,  the  values  0.00016 
for  the  former  and  0.000165  for  the  latter  may  be  preferred.  (Letter  from 
U.S.  Bureau  of  Standards  dated  January  5,  1918.) 

The  use  of  the  formula  given  above  presupposes  that  the  mean  tempera¬ 
ture  of  the  emergent  column  has  been  determined.  This  temperature  may 
be  approximately  obtained  in  one  of  three  ways.  (1)  By  a  “  fadenthermo- 
meterH  (Buckingham,  Bulletin,  Bureau  of  Standards,  8,239, 19 1 1,  Scientific 
Paper  170);  (2)  by  exploring  the  temperature  distribution  along  the  stem 
and  calculating  the  mean  temperature;  (3)  by  suspending  along  the  side  of, 
or  attaching  to  the  stem,  a  single  thermometer.  If  properly  placed  this 


XVI 


INTRODUCTION. 


thermometer  will  indicate  the  temperature  of  the  emergent  mercurial  column 
to  an  accuracy  sufficient  for  many  purposes.  Under  conditions  ordinarily 
met  with  in  practice  it  is  desirable  to  place  the  bulb  of  the  auxiliary  ther¬ 
mometer  at  some  point  below  the  middle  of  the  emergent  column. 

It  is  to  be  noted  that  the  correction  sought  is  directly  proportional  to  the 
value  of  a,  and  that  this  may  vary  for  glass  stems  of  different  composition 
from  0.00015  to  0.000165  for  Centigrade  temperatures.  For  thermometers 
ordinarily  used  in  meteorological  work,  however,  0.000155  appears  to  be  a 
good  average  value  for  Centigrade  temperatures  (0.000086  for  Fahrenheit 
temperatures),  and  the  correction  formulae,  therefore,  are, 

T  =  t  —  0.000086  n  {tr  —  t )  Fahrenheit  temperatures. 

T  =  t  —  0.000155  n  (/'  —  t)  Centigrade  temperatures. 

In  the  above,  T  =  Corrected  temperature. 

t  =  Observed  temperature. 

t'  =  Mean  temperature  of  the  glass  stem  and  emergent  mer¬ 
cury  column. 

n  —  Length  of  mercury  in  the  emergent  stem  in  scale  degrees. 


When  /'  is  i  [  t^an  t  the  numerical  correction  is  to  be  I  S^trfCte^’  i 

( lower  )  (  added.  ) 

Table  7  gives  corrections  computed  to  o°oi  for  Fahrenheit  thermometers 
from  the  equation  C  =  —  0.000086  n  (/'  —  /).  The  side  argument,  n,  is  given 
for  io°  intervals  from  io°  to  130°;  the  top  argument,  t'  —  t,  for  io°  intervals 
from  io°  to  ioo°. 

Table  8  gives  corrections  computed  to  o°oi  for  Centigrade  thermometers 
from  the  equation  C  =  —  0.000155  n  {t'  —  t).  The  side  argument,  n ,  is 
given  for  io°  intervals  from  io°  to  ioo°;  the  top  argument,  t'  —  /,  for  io° 
intervals  from  io°  to  8o°. 


Example : 

The  observed  temperature  of  a  black-bulb  thermometer  is  1204  F., 
the  temperature  of  the  glass  stem  is  55?2  F .,  and  the  length  of  mer¬ 
cury  in  the  emergent  stem  is  130°  F.  To  find  the  corrected  tempera¬ 
ture.  With  n  =  130°  F.  and  tf  —  t  =  —  65°  F.,  as  arguments,  Table 
7  gives  the  correction  o?7  F.,  which  by  the  above  rule  is  to  be  added 
to  the  observed  temperature.  The  corrected  temperature  is  therefore 
I2I?I  F. 


CONVERSIONS  INVOLVING  LINEAR  MEASURES. 

The  fundamental  unit  of  length  is  the  meter,  the  length  of  which  is  equal 
to  the  distance  between  the  defining  lines  on  the  international  prototype 
meter  at  the  International  Bureau  of  Weights  and  Measures  (near  Paris) 
when  this  standard  is  at  the  temperature  of  melting  ice  (o°  C).  The  relation 


CONVERSIONS  INVOLVING  LINEAR  MEASURES. 


XVII 


here  adopted  between  the  meter  and  the  yard,  the  English  measure  of 
length,  is  I  meter  =  39.3700  inches,  as  legalized  by  Act  of  U.S.  Congress, 
July  28,  1866.  This  U.S.  Standard  of  length  must  be  distinguished  from  the 
British  Imperial  yard,  comparisons  of  which  with  the  international  proto¬ 
type  meter  give  the  relation  1  meter  =  39.3701 13  inches.  (See  Smithsonian 
Physical  Tables,  1916,  p.  7,  Table  3.) 

Table  9.  Inches  into  millimeters.  table  9. 

1  inch  =  25.40005  millimeters. 

The  argument  is  given  for  every  hundredth  of  an  inch  up  to  32.00  inches, 
and  the  tabular  values  are  given  to  hundredths  of  a  millimeter.  A  table  of 
proportional  parts  for  thousandths  of  an  inch  is  added  on  each  page. 

Example  : 

To  convert  24.362  inches  to  millimeters. 

The  table  gives  (p.  20). 

(24.36  +  .002)  inches  =  (618.75  +  0.05)  mm.  =  618.80  mm. 


Table  10.  Millimeters  into  inches. 


TABLE  10. 


From  o  to  400  mm.  the  argument  is  given  to  every  millimeter,  with 
subsidiary  interpolation  tables  for  tenths  and  hundredths  of  a  millimeter. 
The  tabular  values  are  given  to  four  decimals.  From  400  to  1000  mm., 
covering  the  numerical  values  which  are  of  frequent  use  in  meteorology 
for  the  conversion  of  barometric  readings  from  the  metric  to  the  English 
barometer,  the  argument  is  given  for  every  tenth  of  a  millimeter,  and  the 
tabular  values  to  three  decimals. 

Example : 

To  convert  143.34  mm.  to  inches. 

The  table  gives 


(143  +  .3  +  .04)  mm.  =  (5.6299  +  0.0118  +0.0016)  inches  =  5.6433 
inches. 


TABLES  11.  12. 


Tables  11,  12.  Conversion  of  barometric  readings  into  standard  units  of 
pressure. 

The  equation  for  the  pressure  in  millibars,1  Pmh)  corresponding  to  the 
barometric  height,  B ,  is 

Ag 


Pmb  =  B 


1000 


where  A  is  the  densitv  of  mercury  and  g  is  the  standard  value  of  gravity. 

1  The  value  of  the  bar  as  here  defined  is  a  pressure  of  1,000,000  dynes  per  square 
centimeter,  and  is  that  employed  by  meteorological  services,  and  recommended  by  inter- 


XV111 


INTRODUCTION. 


In  order  that  pressures  thus  derived  shall  be  expressed  in  C.G.S.  units  it 
is  evident  that  the  recognized  standard  values  of  the  constants  of  the  equa¬ 
tion  must  be  employed.  It  therefore  becomes  necessary  to  abandon  the 
values  for  the  density  of  mercury  and  for  standard  gravity  heretofore  em¬ 
ployed,  which  had  the  sanction  of  the  International  Meteorological  Com¬ 
mittee,  in  favor  of  the  more  recently  determined  values  that  have  been 
adopted  by  the  International  Bureau  of  Weights  and  Measures. 

The  value  adopted  for  A  is  13.5951  grams  per  cubic  centimeter;*  1  and 
for  g,  980.665  dynes.2 

By  the  use  of  these  constants  in  the  above  equation  we  obtain 
Pmb  =  i-333224  (millimeters),  and 

Pmb  =  “““  B  =  33.86395  B  (inches) 

where  B  is  the  height  of  the  barometer  in  the  units  indicated,  after  reduc¬ 
tion  to  standard  temperature  and  the  standard  value  of  gravity. 

T able  1 1 .  Barometric  inches  to  millibars. 

The  argument  is  for  0.01  inch.  From  0.00  to  2.49  inches  the  tabulated 
values  are  given  to  the  nearest  hundredth  of  a  millibar,  so  that  by  removing 
the  decimal  one  place  to  the  right  the  value  in  millibars  of  every  tenth  inch 
from  0.0  to  24.9  inches  may  be  obtained  to  the  nearest  tenth  of  a  millibar. 
From  25.00  to  31.99  inches  the  tabular  values  are  given  to  the  nearest  tenth 
of  a  millibar. 

The  first  part  of  the  table  may  be  used  as  a  table  of  proportional  parts 
for  interpolation. 

Example : 

To  convert  23.86  barometric  inches  into  millibars  of  pressure. 

From  Table  11,  23.8  inches  =  806.0  millibars 
14  44  4  4  .06  inch  =  2.0  44 

23.86  inches  =  808.0  millibars 

Table  12.  Barometric  millimeters  to  millibars. 

The  argument  is  for  each  millimeter  from  1  to  799,  and  the  tabular 
values  are  given  to  the  nearest  tenth  of  a  millibar. 

This  table  may  also  be  used  to  convert  millibars  into  millimeters  of 
mercury. 

national  meteorological  and  aerological  conferences.  It  is  1,000,000  times  greater  than 
that  given  in  the  Smithsonian  Physical  Tables,  6th  ed.,  1914,  p.  34^.  The  smaller 
value  is  generally  employed  by  physicists  and  chemists.  See  Marvin,  Charles  F.  No¬ 
menclature  of  the  Unit  of  Absolute  Pressure.  Monthly  Weather  Review,  1918,  46 :  73-75. 

1  Chappuis,  Recueil  de  Constantes  Physiques,  Soc.  Fr.  Phys.,  1913,  p.  139.  Leduc,  Trav. 
et  Mem.,  Bur.  Int.  Poids  et  Mes.,  xvi,  p.  36,  1917. 

2  Comptes  Rendus  des  Seances,  Troisieme  Conference  Generate,  p.  68.  Trav.  et  Mem., 
Bur.  Int.  Poids  et  Mes.,  xii,  1902. 


CONVERSIONS  INVOLVING  LINEAR  MEASURES. 


XIX 


Example  : 

To  convert  1003.5  millibars  into  millimeters  of  mercury.  1003.5  mb. 
=  (1002.6  +  0.9)  mb.  =  (752  +  0.68)  mm.  =  752.68  mm. 

Table  1 3.  Feet  into  meters.  table  1 3. 

From  the  adopted  value  of  the  meter,  39.3700  inches  — 

1  English  foot  =  0.3048006  meter. 

Table  13  gives  the  value  in  meters  and  thousandths  (or  millimeters) 
for  every  foot  from  o  to  99  feet;  the  value  to  hundredths  of  a  meter  (or 
centimeters)  of  every  10  feet  from  100  to  4090  feet;  and  the  value  to  tenths 
of  a  meter  of  every  10  feet  from  4000  to  9090  feet.  In  using  the  latter  part, 
the  first  line  of  the  table  serves  to  interpolate  for  single  feet. 

Example : 

To  convert  47  feet  7  inches  to  meters.  47  feet  7  inches  =  47.583  feet. 
The  table  gives  47  feet  =  14.326  meters. 

By  moving  the  decimal  point  0.583  “  =  0.178 

47.583  feet  =  14.504  meters. 

Table  14.  Meters  into  feet.  table  14. 

1  meter  =  39.3700  inches  =  3.280833  +  feet. 

From  o  to  509  meters  the  argument  is  given  for  every  unit,  and  the 
tabular  values  to  two  decimals;  from  500  to  5090  the  argument  is  given  to 
every  10  meters,  and  the  tabular  values  to  one  decimal.  The  conversion  for 
tenths  of  a  meter  is  added  for  convenience  of  interpolation. 

Example  : 

Convert  4327  meters  to  feet. 

The  table  gives 

(4320  +  7)  meters  =  (14173.2  +23.0)  feet  =  14196.2  feet. 

Table  15.  Miles  into  kilometers.  table  15. 

1  mile  =  1.609347  kilometers. 

The  table  extends  from  o  to  1009  miles  with  argument  to  single  miles, 
and  from  1000  to  20000  miles  for  every  1000  miles.  The  tabular  quanti¬ 
ties  are  given  to  the  nearest  kilometer. 

Table  16.  Kilometers  into  miles.  table  16. 

1  kilometer  =  0.621370  mile. 

The  table  extends  to  1009  kilometers  with  argument  to  single  kilo¬ 
meters,  and  from  1000  to  20000  kilometers  for  every  1000  kilometers.  Tabu¬ 
lar  values  are  given  to  tenths  of  a  mile. 

Example  : 

Convert  3957  kilometers  into  miles. 

The  table  gives 

(3000  +  957)  kilometers  =  (1864.1  +  594.7)  miles  =  2458.8  miles. 


XX 


INTRODUCTION. 


Table  1  7.  Inter  conversion  of  nautical  and  statute  miles. 

The  nautical  mile  as  defined  by  the  U.S.  Coast  and  Geodetic  Survey 
(Tables  for  a  polyconic  projection  of  maps.  U.S.  Coast  and  Geodetic  Sur¬ 
vey,  Special  Publication  No.  5,  page  4)  is  “A  minute  of  arc  of  a  great  circle 
of  a  sphere  whose  surface  equals  that  of  the  Clarke  representative  spheroid 
of  1866,”  and  the  value  given  is  1853.25  meters,  or  6080.20  feet. 

Table  18.  Continental  measures  of  length  with  their  metric  and  English 
equivalents. 

This  table  gives  a  miscellaneous  list  of  continental  measures  of  length, 
alphabetically  arranged,  with  the  name  of  the  country  to  which  they  belong 
and  their  metric  and  English  equivalents. 


CONVERSION  OF  MEASURES  OF  TIME  AND  ANGLE. 


Table  19.  Arc  into  time. 

I°=4m;  !'=  4s;  l"=Ls 

=  0^067 . 

Example : 

Change  1240  15'  24^7  into  time. 

From  the  table, 

1240  = 

15'  = 

24"  = 

8h 

i6m  os 

1  0 

1.600 

o"7  = 

8h 

.047 
i7m  U647 

Table  20.  Time  into  arc. 

ih  =  150;  lm  =  15';  Is 

=  15". 

Example : 

Change  8h  I7m  P647  into  arc. 

From  the  table,  8h 

=  120° 

I7m 

4 

15' 

Is 

= 

15" 

0.64 

= 

9.60 

By  moving  the  decimal  point,  .007 

= 

0.10 

124° 

15' 

24^7 

Table  21 .  Days  into  decimals  of  a  year  and  angle. 

The  table  gives  for  the  beginning  of  each  day  the  corresponding  decimal 
of  the  year  to  five  places.  Thus,  at  the  epoch  represented  by  the  beginning 
of  the  15th  day,  the  decimal  of  the  year  that  has  elapsed  since  January  1.0 

is  computed  from  the  fraction  — The  corresponding  value  in  angle 

obtained  by  multiplying  this  fraction  by  360°,  is  given  to  the  nearest  minute. 


CONVERSION  OF  MEASURES  OF  TIME  AND  ANGLE.  Xxi 

Two  additional  columns  serve  to  enter  the  table  with  the  day  of  the 
month  either  of  the  common  or  the  bissextile  year  as  the  argument,  and 
may  be  used  also  for  converting  the  day  of  the  month  to  the  day  of  the 
year,  and  vice  versa. 

Example  : 

To  find  the  number  of  days  and  the  decimal  of  a  year  between  Febru¬ 
ary  12  and  August  27  in  a  bissextile  year. 

Aug.  27:  Day  of  year  =  240;  decimal  of  a  year  =  0.65435 

Feb.  12:  14  “  44  =  _43;  4  4  4  4  4  4  =0.11499 

Interval  in  days  =  197;  interval  in  decimal  of  a  year  =  0.53936 

The  decimal  of  the  year  corresponding  to  the  interval  197  days  may 

also  be  taken  from  the  table  by  entering  with  the  argument  198. 

Table  22.  Hours ,  minutes  and  seconds  into  decimals  of  a  day.  table  22. 

The  tabular  values  are  given  to  six  decimals. 

Example  : 

Convert  5h  2^m  23^4  to  the  decimal  of  a  day: 

5h  =  (£208333 
2  4m  =  016667 

23s  =  266 

By  interpolation,  or  by  moving  the  decimal  for  4s  0.4  =  5 

0^225271 

TABLE  23. 


TABLE  24 

The  tabular  values  are  given  to  six  decimals. 

Example : 

Convert  34111  28^7  to  decimals  of  an  hour. 

34”  =  o!'566667 
28s  =  7778 

o?7  =  194 


Table  23.  Decimals  of  a  day  into  hours,  minutes  and  seconds. 

Example : 

Convert  0^225271  to  hours,  minutes  and  seconds: 

0.22  day  =  4h  48™  +  28m  48s  =  5h  i6m  48s 

0.0052  day  =  7m  12s  +  I7f28  =  7  29.28 

0.000071  day  =  6?05  +  0.09  =  6.14 

5h  24m  23-4 

Table  24.  Minutes  and  seconds  into  decimals  of  an  hour. 


0.574639 


XXII 


INTRODUCTION. 


Table  25.  Local  mean  time  at  apparent  noon. 

This  table  gives  the  local  mean  time 1  that  should  be  shown  by  a  clock 
when  the  center  of  the  sun  crosses  the  meridian,  on  the  1st,  8th,  i6th,  and 
24th  days  of  each  month.  The  table  is  useful  in  correcting  a  clock  by  means 
of  a  sundial  or  noon  mark. 

Example  : 

To  find  the  correct  local  mean  time  when  the  sun  crosses  the  meridian 
on  December  15,  1891. 

The  table  gives  for  December  16,  nh  56m.  By  interpolating,  it  is  seen 
that  the  change  to  December  15  would  be  only  one-half  minute; 
the  correct  clock  time  is  therefore  4  minutes  before  12  o’clock 
noon. 

Table  26.  Sidereal  time  into  mean  solar  time. 

Table  27.  Mean  solar  time  into  sidereal  time. 


According  to  Newcomb,  the  length  of  the  tropical  year  is  365.24220 
mean  solar  days,2  whence 

365.24220  solar  days  =  366.24220  sidereal  days. 

Any  interval  of  mean  time  may  therefore  be  changed  into  sidereal  time 


by  increasing  it  by  its 


1 

365.24220 


part,  and  any  interval  of  sidereal  time  may 


be  changed  into  mean  time  by  diminishing  it  by  its  24220  Part* 

Table  26  gives  the  quantities  to  be  subtracted  from  the  hours,  minutes 
and  seconds  of  a  sidereal  interval  to  obtain  the  corresponding  mean  time 
interval,  and  Table  27  gives  the  quantities  to  be  added  to  the  hours,  min¬ 
utes  and  seconds  of  a  mean  time  interval  to  obtain  the  corresponding  side¬ 
real  interval.  The  correction  for  seconds  is  sensibly  the  same  for  either  a 
sidereal  or  a  mean  time  interval  and  is  therefore  given  but  once,  thus  form¬ 
ing  a  part  of  each  table. 


Examples: 

Change  14*1  25™  36?2  sidereal  time  into  mean  solar  time. 


Given  sidereal  time 
Correction  for  I4h 

25m 

36*2 


14  25m  3^2 


=  -  2m  17^61 
=  —  4.10 

=  —  .10 


Corresponding  mean  time 


—  2  21.81  —2  21.8 

14  23  14.4 


1  Derived  from  the  equation  of  time  for  Washington  apparent  noon  for  the  year 
1899.  See  the  American  Ephemeris  and  Nautical  Almanac,  1899,  pages  377-84. 

2  The  length  of  the  tropical  year  is  not  absolutely  constant.  The  value  here  given  is 
for  the  year  1900.  Its  decrease  in  100  years  is  about  0.5s.  (See  the  American  Ephemeris 
and  Nautical  Almanac  1918,  page  xvi.) 


CONVERSION  OF  MEASURES  OF  WEIGHT. 


XX111 


2.  Change  1311  37m  22?7  mean  solar  time  into  sidereal  time. 

Given  mean  time  =  I3h  37m  22?7 


Correction  for  1311 

37m 

22?7 

II  II  II 

m  8?i3 

6.08 

0.06 

+  2 

14.27 

+  2 

14-3 

Corresponding  sidereal  time 

= 

13 

39 

37-0 

CONVERSION  OF  MEASURES  OF 

WEIGHT. 

TABLE  28. 

Table  28.  Conversion  of  avoirdupois  pounds  and  ounces  into  kilograms. 

The  comparisons  of  July,  1893,  made  by  the  International  Bureau  of 
Weights  and  Measures  between  the  Imperial  standard  pound  and  the 
“kilogram  prototype”  resulted  in  the  relation: 

I  pound  avoirdupois  =  453.592  427  7  grams. 

For  the  conversion  of  pounds,  Table  28  gives  the  argument  for  every 
tenth  of  a  pound  up  to  9.9,  and  the  tabular  conversion  values  to  ten-thou¬ 
sandths  of  a  kilogram. 

For  the  conversion  of  ounces,  the  argument  is  given  for  every  tenth 
of  an  ounce  up  to  15.9,  and  the  tabular  values  to  ten-thousandths  of  a  kilo¬ 
gram. 

TABLE  29. 

Table  29.  Conversion  of  kilograms  into  avoirdupois  pounds  and  ounces. 

From  the  above  relation  between  the  pound  and  the  kilogram, 

I  kilogram  =  2.204622  avoirdupois  pounds. 

=  35.274  avoirdupois  ounces. 

The  table  gives  the  value  to  thousandths  of  a  pound  of  every  tenth  of 
a  kilogram  up  to  9.9;  the  values  of  tenths  of  a  kilogram  in  ounces  to  four 
decimals;  and  the  values  of  hundredths  of  a  kilogram  in  pounds  and  ounces 
to  three  and  two  decimals  respectively. 

Table  30.  Conversion  of  grains  into  grams.  tables  30,  31. 

Table  31 .  Conversion  of  grams  into  grains. 

From  the  above  relation  between  the  pound  and  the  kilogram, 

I  gram  =  15.432356  grains. 

1  grain  =  0.06479892  gram. 

T able  30  gives  to  ten-thousandths  of  a  gram  the  value  of  every  grain 
from  1  to  99,  and  also  the  conversion  of  tenths  and  hundredths  of  a  grain 
for  convenience  in  interpolating. 


XXIV 


INTRODUCTION. 


Table  31  gives  to  hundredths  of  a  grain  the  value  of  every  tenth  of  a 
gram  from  o.i  to  9.9,  and  the  value  of  every  gram  from  1  to  99.  The  values 
of  hundredths  and  thousandths  of  a  gram  are  added  as  an  aid  to  interpola¬ 
tion. 


WIND  TABLES. 

CONVERSION  OF  VELOCITIES. 

Table  32.  Synoptic  conversion  of  velocities. 

This  table,1  contained  on  a  single  page,  converts  miles  per  hour  into 
meters  per  second,  feet  per  second  and  kilometers  per  hour.  The  argument, 
miles  per  hour,  is  given  for  every  half  unit  from  o  to  78.  Tabular  values 
are  given  to  one  decimal.  For  the  rapid  interconversion  of  velocities,  when 
extreme  precision  is  not  required,  this  table  has  proved  of  marked  conven¬ 
ience  and  utility. 

Table  33.  Conversion  of  miles  per  hour  into  feet  per  second. 

The  argument  is  given  for  every  unit  up  to  149  and  the  tabular  values 
are  given  to  one  decimal . 

Table  34.  Conversion  of  feet  per  second  into  miles  per  hour. 

The  argument  is  given  for  every  unit  up  to  199  and  the  tabular  values 
are  given  to  one  decimal. 

Table  35.  Conversion  of  meters  per  second  into  miles  per  hour. 

The  argument  is  given  for  every  tenth  of  a  meter  per  second  up  to 
60  meters  per  second,  and  the  tabular  values  are  given  to  one  decimal. 

Table  36.  Conversion  of  miles  per  hour  into  meters  per  second. 

The  argument  is  given  for  every  unit  up  to  149,  and  the  tabular  values 
are  given  to  two  decimals. 

Table  37.  Conversion  of  meters  per  second  into  kilometers  per  hour. 

The  argument  is  given  for  every  tenth  of  a  meter  per  second  up  to  60 
meters  per  second,  and  the  tabular  values  are  given  to  one  decimal. 

Table  38.  Conversion  of  kilometers  per  hour  into  meters  per  second. 

The  argument  is  given  for  every  unit  up  to  200,  and  the  tabular  values 
are  given  to  two  decimals. 

Table  39.  Scale  of  Velocity  equivalents  of  the  so-called  Beaufort  scale  of  wind. 

The  personal  observation  of  the  estimated  force  of  the  wind  on  an 
arbitrary  scale  is  a  method  that  belongs  to  the  simplest  meteorological 


From  Hand-Book  of  Meteorological  Tables.  By  H.  A.  Hazen.  Washington,  1888. 


WIND  TABLES. 


XXV 


records  and  is  widely  practiced.  Although  anemometers  are  used  at  meteor¬ 
ological  observatories,  the  majority  of  observers  are  still  dependent  upon 
estimates  based  largely  upon  their  own  judgment,  and  so  reliable  can  such 
estimates  be  made  that  for  many  purposes  they  abundantly  answer  the 
needs  of  meteorology  as  well  as  of  climatology. 

A  great  variety  of  such  arbitrary  scales  have  been  adopted  by  different 
observers,  but  the  one  that  has  come  into  the  most  general  use  and  received 
the  greatest  definiteness  of  application  is  the  duodecimal  scale  introduced 
into  the  British  navy  by  Admiral  Beaufort  about  1800. 

Table  39  is  taken  from  the  Observer’s  Handbook  of  the  Meteorologi¬ 
cal  Office,  London,  edition  of  1917.  The  velocity  equivalents  in  meters 
per  second  and  miles  per  hour  are  based  on  extensive  observational  data 
collected  by  Dr.  G.  C.  Simpson  and  first  published  by  the  Meteorological 
Office  in  1906.  Several  other  sets  of  equivalents  have  been  published  in 
different  countries.  For  a  history  of  this  subject  see  Rept.  10th  Meeting 
International  Meteorological  Committee,  Rome,  1913,  Appendix  VII.  (Lon¬ 
don,  1914.) 

In  the  Quarterly  Journal  of  the  Royal  Meteorological  Society ,  volume  xxx, 
No.  132,  October,  1904,  Prof.  A.  Lawrence  Rotch  has  described  an  instru¬ 
ment  for  obtaining  the  true  direction  and  velocity  of  the  wind  at  sea  aboard 
a  moving  vessel.  If  a  line  A  B  represents  the  wind  due  to  the  motion  of  a 
steamer  in  an  opposite  direction,  and  A  C  the  direction  of  the  wind  relative 
to  the  vessel  as  shown  by  the  drift  of  its  smoke,  then,  by  measuring  the 
angle  DBA  that  the  true  wind  makes  with  the  vessel  —  which  is  easily  done 
by  watching  the  wave  crests  as  they  approach  it  —  we  obtain  the  third  side, 
B  C,  of  the  triangle.  This  represents,  in  direction  and  also  in  length,  on  the 
scale  used  in  setting  off  the  speed  of  the  ship,  the  true  direction  of  the  wind 
relative  to  the  vessel  and  also  its  true  velocity.  The  method  fails  when  the 
wind  direction  coincides  with  the  ship’s  course  and  becomes  inaccurate 
when  the  angle  between  them  is  small. 

CALCULATION  OF  THE  MEAN  DIRECTION  OF  THE  WIND  BY  LAMBERT’S 

FORMULA. 

Lambert’s  formula  for  the  eight  principal  points  of  the  compass  is 

_  E  -  W  +  (NE  +  SE-  NW  -  SW )  cos  450 
tan  a  2?  -  S  +  ( NE  +  NW  -  SE-  5PF)  cos  45° ' 

a  is  the  angle  of  the  resultant  wind  direction  with  the  meridian. 

Ej  NE ,  N,  etc.,  represent  the  wind  movement  from  the  corresponding 
directions  East,  Northeast,  North,  etc.  In  practice,  instead  of  taking  the 
total  wind  movement,  it  is  often  considered  sufficient  to  take  as  propor¬ 
tional  thereto  the  number  of  times  the  wind  has  blown  from  each  direction, 


XXVI 


INTRODUCTION. 


which  is  equivalent  to  considering  the  wind  to  have  the  same  mean  velocity 
for  all  directions. 

If  directions  are  observed  to  sixteen  points,  half  the  number  belonging 
to  each  extra  point  should  be  added  to  the  two  octant  points  between  which 
it  lies;  for  example,  NNE  =  6  should  be  separated  into  N  =  3  and  NE  = 
3;  ESE  =  4,  into  E  =  2  and  SE  =  2.  The  result  will  be  approximately 
identical  with  that  obtained  by  using  the  complete  formula  for  sixteen 
points. 

Table  40.  Multiples  of  cos  450;  form  for  computing  the  numerator  and  de¬ 
nominator. 

Table  41 .  Values  of  the  mean  direction  (a)  or  its  complement  (90°  —  a). 

Table  40  gives  products  of  cos  450  by  numbers  up  to  209,  together  with 
a  form  for  the  computation  of  the  numerator  and  denominator,  illustrated 
by  an  example.  The  quadrant  in  which  a  lies  is  determined  by  the  following 
rule: 

When  the  numerator  and  denominator  are  positive,  a  lies  between 
N  and  E. 

When  the  numerator  is  positive  and  the  denominator  negative,  a  lies 
between  5  and  E. 

When  the  numerator  and  denominator  are  negative,  a  lies  between 
5  and  W. 

When  the  numerator  is  negative  and  the  denominator  positive,  a  lies 
between  N  and  W. 

Table  41 1  combines  the  use  of  a  division  table  and  a  table  of  natural 
tangents.  It  enables  the  computer,  with  the  numerator  and  denominator 
of  Lambert’s  formula  (computed  from  Table  40)  as  arguments,  to  take  out 
directly  the  mean  wind  direction  a  or  its  complement. 

The  top  argument  consists  of  every  fifth  number  from  10  to  200. 

The  side  argument  is  given  for  every  unit  from  1  to  50  and  for  every 
two  units  from  50  to  150.  Tabular  values  are  given  to  the  nearest  whole 
degree. 

Rule  for  using  the  table  : 

Enter  the  table  with  the  larger  number  (either  numerator  or  denomi¬ 
nator)  as  the  top  argument. 

If  the  denominator  be  larger  than  the  numerator,  the  table  gives  a. 

If  the  denominator  be  smaller  than  the  numerator,  the  table  gives 
90°  -  a . 

a  is  measured  from  the  meridian  in  the  quadrant  determined  by  the 
rule  given  with  Table  40. 


1  From  Hand-book  of  Meteorological  Tables.  By  H.  A.  Hazen.  Washington,  1888.  A 
corrected  copy  of  the  table  was  kindly  furnished  by  the  author. 


WIND  TABLES. 


XXV11 


Example : 


Table  41  gives 


tan  a  = 


~  43 

-  27* 


90°  -  a  =  320 

a  =  S  58°  W. 


Note.  —  If  the  numerator  and  denominator  both  exceed  150  or  if  either  exceeds  200, 
the  fraction  must  be  divided  by  some  number  which  will  bring  them  within  the  limits  of 
the  table.  The  larger  the  values,  provided  they  are  within  these  limits,  the  easier  and  more 


accurate  will  be  the  computation.  For  example,  let  tan  a 


The  top  argument  is 


—  90 

not  given  for  18,  but  if  we  multiply  by  5  or  10  and  obtain  - or 

70 

without  interpolation,  90°  —  a  =  38°  and  a  =  N  520  W. 


— 180 
140 


,  the  table  gives, 


GRADIENT  WINDS. 


When  the  motions  of  the  atmosphere  attain  a  state  of  complete  equilib¬ 
rium  of  flow  under  definite  systems  of  pressure  gradients,  the  winds  blow 
across  the  isobars  at  small  angles  of  inclination  depending  upon  the  retard¬ 
ing  effects  of  friction.  At  the  surface  of  the  earth  friction  is  considerable  and 
the  angle  across  the  isobars  is  often  great.  In  the  free  air,  however,  the 
friction  is  small,  and  for  some  purposes  may  be  disregarded  entirely.  Un¬ 
der  an  assumption  of  complete  equilibrium  of  motion  and  frictionless 
flow  the  winds  will  blow  exactly  parallel  to  the  isobars,  —  that  is,  perpen¬ 
dicular  to  the  gradient  which  produces  and  sustains  the  motion.  Such 
winds  are  called  gradient  winds.  The  anomalous  condition  of  flow  of  terres¬ 
trial  winds  perpendicular  to  the  moving  force  is  the  result  of  the  modifica¬ 
tions  of  atmospheric  motions  due  to  the  deflective  influence  of  the  earth’s 
rotation,  and  to  that  other  influence  due  to  the  inertia  reaction  of  matter 
when  it  is  constrained  to  move  in  a  curved  path,  and  commonly  called  cen¬ 
trifugal  force.  The  equations  for  gradient  wind  motions  have  long  been 
known  to  meteorologists  from  the  work  of  Ferrel  and  others,  and  may  be 
written  in  the  following  form: 

For  Cyclones 


=  r 


sin 


2  .  ,  AP 

2  <b  H - co  sin 

pr 


♦] 


For  Anticyclones 

V  =  r  j^co  sin  <f>  —  ^co2  sin2  <£  — 


(1) 


(2) 


In  C.  G.  S.  Units,  V  =  velocity  of  the  gradient  wind  in  centimeters  per 
second;  r  =  radius  of  curvature  of  isobars  in  centimeters;  A P  =  pressure 
gradient  in  dynes  per  square  centimeter  per  centimeter;  p  =  density  of  air 
in  grams  per  cubic  centimeter;  co  =  angular  velocity  of  the  earth’s  rotation 


XXV111 


INTRODUCTION. 


per  second  =  —  ’K— ,  and  <£  =  latitude.  In  the  Northern  Hemisphere  the 
86164 

winds  gyrate  counterclockwise  in  cyclones  and  clockwise  in  anticyclones. 
These  gyrations  are  in  the  reversed  direction  each  to  each  in  the  Southern 
Hemisphere. 


A  p 

In  equation  (2)  the  values  of  V  are  imaginary  for  values  of  -  greater 


A  P 

than  co2  sin 2  <j>.  The  equality -  =  co2sin20,  or  r  — 


A  P 


pr 

defines  and 

pr  pco2sin20 

fixes  an  isobar  with  minimum  curvature  in  anticyclones.  Winds  cannot 
flow  parallel  to  the  isobars  within  this  critical  isobar.  For  this  isobar  the 


gradient  wind  has  its  maximum  value  Vc  = - : - .  For  the  same  gra- 

pco  sin  <i> 

dient  and  for  an  isobar  with  the  same  curvature  in  a  cyclone  the  gradient 
velocity  is  Vi  =  Vc  (V2  —  1)  =  0.414  Vc. 

When  the  isobars  are  parallel  straight  lines,  a  condition  very  often  closely 
realized  in  nature,  r—  00  and  the  gradient  winds  have  the  value  given  by 
either  (1)  or  (2)  after  squaring,  namely, 


Vr=w  =  V5  = 


— —  =  -  V . 
2  po)  sin  <t>  2  c' 


For  practical  units  equation  (1)  becomes 


Units  of 
pressure. 


V=  R 


.0053173  sin 2<f>  + 


v 

V 


10  Rpd 


—  .07292  sin  4> 


0053173  sin2  <t>  +  - .07292  sin  0 


068914  sin2  0+  1  ~  -26252  sin 


(I)  (Millibars) 
(II)  (Millimeters) 
J  (III)  (Inches) 


V  =  velocities  in  meters  per  second  in  (I)  and  (II)  and  in  miles  per 
hour  in  (III). 

R  =  radius  of  curvature  of  isobar  (wind  path)  in  kilometers  in  (I)  and 
(II)  and  in  miles  in  (III). 

The  gradient  is  to  be  deduced  from  isobars  drawn  for  pressure  inter¬ 
vals  of  1  millibar  in  (I),  1  millimeter  in  (II)  and  —  inch  in  (III);  d,  is  the 

perpendicular  distance  between  isobars  (as  above  defined)  in  kilometers  in 
(I)  and  (II),  and  in  miles  in  (III). 

p  =  density  of  air  =  grams  per  cubic  centimeter  in  all  cases. 


WIND  TABLES. 


Units  of 
pressure. 

(VII)  (Millibars) 


XXIX 


Also 


Vc  = 


pd  sin  <j> 

I-8284,  (v) 

pd  sin  <f> 

^4552  ^ 

.  pd  sin  <f> 


and  Rc  = 


18.806 
pd  sin2  $ 
25-Q73 

pd  sin 2  <f> 
24-590 
pd  sin 2  <f> 


(VIII)  (Millimeters) 
(IX)  (Inches) 


Radius  of  critical  curvature  and  velocities  of  gradient  winds  for  frictionless 
motion  in  Highs  and  Lows. 


Table  42.  English  Measures .  tables  42,  43. 

Table  43.  Metric  Measures. 


These  tables  give  the  radius  of  curvature  of  the  critical  isobar  in  anti¬ 
cyclones,  computed  from  the  equation 

R  = 

c  pco  2  sin2  <£’ 

the  velocity  of  the  wind  on  this  isobar,  computed  from  the  equation 

A  P 


Vc  = 


pco  sin 


the  velocity  of  the  wind  on  a  straight  isobar,  computed  from  the  equation 

Vs  = 


AP  1  Tr  1 

=  -  Vc;  and 


2  pco  sin  </>  2 


the  velocity  of  the  wind  in  a  cyclone  having  the  same  gradient  as  the  anti¬ 
cyclone,  and  on  an  isobar  having  a  radius  of  curvature  equal  to  Rc ,  com¬ 
puted  from  the  equation 

Fi  =  Vc  (VI  -  1)  =  0.414  Vc 

Table  42,  English  measures,  gives  values  of  Rc,  in  miles,  and  of  Vc 
High,  Vs,  and  V  Low,  in  miles  per  hour.  The  side  argument  is  the  latitude 
for  io°,  and  at  50  intervals  from  20°  to  90°,  inclusive.  The  top  argument, 
d ,  is  the  perpendicular  distance  in  miles  between  isobars  drawn  for  pressure 

intervals  of  —  inch.  For  values  of  d  one  tenth  as  great  as  given  in  the 
10 

heading  of  the  table  the  values  of  Rc ,  Vc  High,  Vs,  and  V  Low  are  increased 
tenfold. 

Table  43,  metric  measures,  gives  values  of  Rc  in  kilometers,  and  of 
Vc  High,  Vs,  and  V  Low,  in  meters  per  second.  The  side  argument  is  the 
same  as  in  Table  42.  The  top  argument,  d ,  is  the  perpendicular  distance 
in  kilometers  between  isobars  drawn  for  pressure  intervals  of  I  millimeter. 
For  values  of  d  one  tenth  as  great  as  given  in  the  heading  of  the  table  the 
values  of  Rc,  Vc  High,  Vs ,  and  V  Low  are  increased  tenfold. 


XXX 


INTRODUCTION. 


REDUCTION  OF  TEMPERATURE  TO  SEA  LEVEL. 

Table  44.  English  Measures. 

Table  45.  Metric  Measures. 

These  tables  give  for  different  altitudes  and  for  different  uniform  rates 
of  decrease  of  temperature  with  altitude,  the  amount  in  hundredths  of  a 
degree  Fahrenheit  and  Centigrade,  which  must  be  added  to  observed  tem¬ 
peratures  in  order  to  reduce  them  to  sea  level. 

The  rate  of  decrease  of  temperature  with  altitude  varies  from  one 
region  to  another,  and  in  the  same  region  varies  according  to  the  season  and 
the  meteorological  conditions;  being  in  general  greater  in  warm  latitudes 
than  in  cold  ones,  greater  in  summer  than  in  winter,  and  greater  in  areas 
of  falling  pressure  than  in  areas  of  rising  pressure.  For  continental  plateau 
regions,  the  reduction  often  becomes  fictitious  or  illusory.  The  use  of  the 
tables  therefore  requires  experience  and  judgment  in  selecting  the  rate  of 
decrease  of  temperature  to  be  used.  Much  experimental  work  is  now  in 
progress  with  kites  and  balloons  to  determine  average  vertical  gradients. 
It  must  be  remembered  that  the  tables  here  given  are  not  tables  giving  the 
data  as  recently  determined  for  various  elevations. 

The  tables  are  given  in  order  to  facilitate  the  reduction  of  temperature 
either  upward  or  downward  in  special  investigations,  but  the  reduction 
is  not  ordinarily  applied  to  meteorological  observations. 

The  tables,  44  and  45,  are  computed  for  rates  of  temperature  change 
ranging  from  i°  Fahrenheit  in  200  feet  to  1°  Fahrenheit  in  900  feet,  and 
from  i°  Centigrade  in  100  meters  to  i°  Centigrade  in  500  meters;  and  for 


altitudes  up  to  5000  feet  and  3000  meters  respectively. 

Example,  Table  44. 

Observed  temperature  at  an  elevation  of  2,500  feet,  52^5  F. 

Reduction  to  sea  level  for  an  assumed  decrease  in  tem¬ 
perature  of  i°  F.  for  every  300  feet,  +  8°3 

Temperature  reduced  to  sea  level,  6o°8  F. 

Example,  Table  45. 

Observed  temperature  at  an  elevation  of  500  meters,  I2?5  C. 

Reduction  to  sea  level  for  an  assumed  decrease  in  tempera¬ 
ture  of  i°  C.  for  every  200  meters,  +  2?5 

Temperature  reduced  to  sea  level,  i5?o  C. 


BAROMETRICAL  TABLES. 

REDUCTION  TO  A  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE  OF  OBSERVATIONS  MADE  WITH 
MERCURIAL  BAROMETERS  HAVING  BRASS  SCALES. 

The  indicated  height  of  the  mercurial  column  in  a  barometer  varies  not 
only  with  changes  of  atmospheric  pressure,  but  also  with  variations  of  the 
temperature  of  the  mercury  and  of  the  scale.  It  is  evident  therefore  that  if 


BAROMETRICAL  TABLES. 


xxxi 


the  height  of  the  barometric  column  is  to  be  a  true  relative  measure  of 
atmospheric  pressure,  the  observed  readings  must  be  reduced  to  the  values 
they  would  have  if  the  mercury  and  scale  were  maintained  at  a  constant 
standard  temperature.  This  reduction  is  known  as  the  reduction  for  tem¬ 
perature,  and  combines  both  the  correction  for  the  expansion  of  the  mercury 
and  that  for  the  expansion  of  the  scale,  on  the  assumption  that  the  attached 
thermometer  gives  the  temperature  both  of  the  mercury  and  of  the  scale. 

The  freezing  point  is  universally  adopted  as  the  standard  temperature 
of  the  mercury,  to  which  all  readings  are  to  be  reduced.  The  temperature 
to  which  the  scale  is  reduced  is  the  normal  or  standard  temperature  of  the 
adopted  standard  of  length.  For  English  scales,  which  depend  upon  the 
English  yard,  this  is  62°  Fahrenheit.  For  metric  scales,  which  depend  upon 
the  meter,  it  is  o°  Centigrade.  As  thus  reduced,  observations  made  with 
English  and  metric  barometers  become  perfectly  comparable  when  con¬ 
verted  by  the  ordinary  tables  of  linear  conversion,  viz:  inches  to  milli¬ 
meters  and  millimeters  to  inches  (see  Tables  9,  10),  for  these  conversions 
refer  to  the  meter  at  o°  Centigrade  and  the  English  yard  at  62°  Fahrenheit. 

Prof.  C.  F.  Marvin  in  the  Monthly  Weather  Review  for  July,  1898,  has 
pointed  out  the  necessity  of  caution  in  conversion  of  metric  and  English 
barometer  readings: 

Example : 

Attached  thermometer,  254  C. 

Barometer  reading,  762.15  mm. 

If  the  temperature  is  converted  to  Fahrenheit  =  77?7  and  the  reading 
to  30.006  in.,  the  temperature  correction  according  to  table  47  would  be 
—0.133  inch  and  the  reduced  reading  29.873.  This  would  he  erroneous.  The 
correct  conversion  is  found  by  taking  the  correction  corresponding  to  254  C. 
and  762  mm.,  i.e .,  —  3.15  mm.,  which  gives  a  corrected  reading  of  759  mm., 
and  converted  into  inches  gives  29.882  which  is  the  correct  result. 

Professor  Marvin  further  remarks  that  circumstances  sometimes  arise 
in  which  a  Centigrade  thermometer  may  be  used  to  determine  the  tem¬ 
perature  of  an  English  barometer,  or  a  Fahrenheit  attached  thermometer 
may  be  used  with  a  metric  scale.  In  all  such  cases  the  temperature  must  be 
brought  into  the  same  system  of  units  as  the  observed  scale  reading  before 
corrections  can  be  applied,  and  the  observed  reading  must  then  be  cor¬ 
rected  for  temperature  before  any  conversion  can  be  made. 

With  aneroid  barometers  corrections  for  temperature  and  instrumental 
error  must  be  determined  for  each  instrument. 

The  general  formula  for  reducing  mercurial  barometers  with  brass  scales 
to  the  standard  temperature  is 


XXX11 


INTRODUCTION. 


in  which  C  =  Correction  for  temperature. 

B  =  Observed  height  of  the  barometric  column. 
t  =  Temperature  of  the  attached  thermometer. 

T  =  Standard  temperature  of  the  mercury. 
m  =  Coefficient  of  expansion  of  mercury. 

I  =  Coefficient  of  linear  expansion  of  brass. 

6  =  Standard  temperature  of  the  scale. 

The  accepted  determination  of  the  coefficient  of  expansion  of  mercury 
is  that  given  by  Broch’s  reduction  of  Regnault’s  experiments,  viz: 

m  (for  i°  C.)  =  io-9  (181792  4-  0.175/  +  0.035 116/2). 

As  a  sufficiently  accurate  approximation,  the  intermediate  value 

m  =  0.0001818 

has  been  adopted  uniformly  for  all  temperatures  in  conformity  with  the 
usage  of  the  International  Meteorological  Tables . 

Various  specimens  of  brass  scales  made  of  alloys  of  different  com¬ 
position  show  differences  in  their  coefficients  of  expansion  amounting  to 
eight  and  sometimes  ten  per  cent,  of  the  total  amount.  The  Smithsonian 
Tables  prepared  by  Prof.  Guyot  were  computed  with  the  average  value 
l  (for  i°  C.)  =  0.0000188;  for  the  sake  of  uniformity  with  the  International 
Meteorological  Tables ,  the  value 

/  =  0.0000184 

has  been  used  in  the  present  volume.  For  any  individual  scale,  either  value 
may  easily  be  in  error  by  four  per  cent. 

A  small  portion  of  the  tables  has  been  independently  computed,  but  the 
larger  part  of  the  values  have  been  copied  from  the  International  Meteoro¬ 
logical  Tables ,  one  inaccuracy  having  been  found  and  corrected. 

Table  46.  Reduction  of  the  barometer  to  standard  temperature  —  English 
measures. 

For  the  English  barometer  the  formula  for  reducing  observed  readings 
to  a  standard  temperature  becomes 

__  m  (t  -  32°)  -  l  (t  -  62°) 

1  +  m  {t  -  32°) 

in  which  B  =  Observed  height  of  the  barometer  in  English  inches. 

t  =  Temperature  of  attached  thermometer  in  degrees  Fahrenheit. 

m  =  0.0001818  X  -  =  0.000101 
9 

l  =  O.OOOOI84  X  ^  =  0.0000102 


BAROMETRICAL  TABLES. 


XXXU1 


The  combined  reduction  of  the  mercury  to  the  freezing  point  and  of 
the  scale  to  62°  Fahrenheit  brings  the  point  of  no  correction  to  approxi¬ 
mately  28?5  Fahrenheit.  For  temperatures  above  28^5  Fahrenheit,  the  cor¬ 
rection  is  subtractive,  and  for  temperatures  below  28?5  Fahrenheit,  the 
correction  is  additive,  as  indicated  by  the  signs  (+)  and  (— )  inserted 
throughout  the  table. 

The  table  gives  the  corrections  for  every  half  degree  Fahrenheit  from 
o°  to  ioo°.  The  limits  of  pressure  are  19  and  31.6  inches,  the  corrections 
being  computed  for  every  half  inch  from  19  to  24  inches,  and  for  every  two- 
tenths  of  an  inch  from  24  to  31.6  inches. 

Example : 


Observed  height  of  barometer 

=  29.143 

Attached  thermometer,  54^  F. 

Reduction  for  temperature 

=  —  0.068 

Barometric  reading  corrected  for  temperature 

=  29.075 

TABLE  47. 

Table  47.  Reduction  of  the  barometer  to  standard  temperature  —  Metric 
measures. 

For  the  metric  barometer  the  formula  for  reducing  observed  readings 
to  the  standard  temperature,  o°  C.,  becomes 


C=  -  B 


(m  —  l)t 
1  -f-  mt 


in  which  C  and  B  are  expressed  in  millimeters  and  t  in  Centigrade  degrees. 

m  =0.0001818;  l  =0.0000184. 

In  the  table,  the  limits  adopted  for  the  pressure  are  440  and  795  milli¬ 
meters,  the  intervals  being  10  millimeters  between  440  and  600  millimeters, 
and  5  millimeters  between  600  and  795  millimeters. 

The  limits  adopted  for  the  temperature  are  o°  and  +  35?8,  the  inter¬ 
vals  being  o?5  and  i°o  from  440  to  560  millimeters,  and  o°2  from  560  to 
795  millimeters. 

For  temperatures  above  o°  Centigrade  the  correction  is  negative ,  and 
hence  is  to  be  subtracted  from  the  observed  readings. 

For  temperatures  below  o°  Centigrade  the  correction  is  positive ,  and 
from  o°  C.  down  to  —  20°  C.  the  numerical  values  thereof,  for  ordinary  baro¬ 
metric  work,  do  not  materially  differ  from  the  values  for  the  correspond¬ 
ing  temperatures  above  o°  C.  Thus  the  correction  for  —  90  C.  is  numeri¬ 
cally  the  same  as  for  +  9°  C.  and  is  taken  from  the  table.  In  physical  work 
of  extreme  precision,  the  numerical  values  given  for  positive  temperatures 
may  be  used  for  temperatures  below  o°  C.  by  applying  to  them  the  follow¬ 
ing  corrections : 


xxxiv 


INTRODUCTION. 


Corrections  to  be  applied  to  the  tabular  values  of  Table  47  in  order  to  use  them 
when  the  temperature  of  the  attached  thermometer  is  below  o°  Centigrade. 


Temper- 

PRESSURE  IN  MILLIMETERS. 

ature. 

450 

soo 

55° 

600 

650 

700 

75° 

800 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

-  i° 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

~  9 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.OO 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

— 10 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

+  0.01 

+  0.01 

+  0.01 

11 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

+  0.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

12 

.00 

.00 

.00 

+  0.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

13 

.00 

.00 

+  0.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

-14 

.00 

+  0.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

-is 

+001 

+  0  01 

+  0.01 

+  0.01 

+  0.01 

+  0.01 

+  0.01 

+  0.01 

16 

.01 

.01 

„  .01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

17 

.01 

’oi 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.02 

18 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.02 

-19 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.02 

.02 

—  20 

+0.01 

+  0.01 

+  0.01 

+  0.01 

+  0.01 

+  0.02 

+  0.02 

+  0.02 

21 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.02 

.02 

.02 

.02 

.02 

22 

.01 

.01 

.02 

.02 

.02 

.02 

.02 

.02 

23 

.01 

.02 

.02 

.02 

.02 

.02 

.02 

.02 

-24 

.01 

.02 

.02 

.02 

.02 

.02 

.02 

•03 

Example: 

Observed  height  of  barometer,  763. 1 7mm* :  Temperature  of  the  attached 


thermometer,  —  12°  C. 

Numerical  value  of  the  reduction  for  +  1 2°  C.  =  1.50 

Correction  for  temperature  below  o 0  C.  =  +  0.01 

Reduction  for  —  1 2°  C.  =  +  1.51 

Observed  height  of  barometer  =  763.17 

Barometer  corrected  for  temperature  =  764.68 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  MERCURIAL  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  GRAVITY. 

Tables  48,  49,  50. 

The  mercurial  barometer  does  not  directly  measure  the  atmospheric 
pressure.  The  latter  is  proportional  to  the  weight  of  the  mercurial  column, 
and  also  to  its  height  after  certain  corrections  have  been  applied.  Since 
the  height  of  the  barometric  column  is  easily  measured,  by  common  con¬ 
sent  the  pressures  are  expressed  in  terms  of  this  corrected  height. 

The  observed  height  of  the  barometer  changes  with  the  temperature 
of  the  mercury  as  already  shown,  and  also  with  the  variations  in  the  value 
of  gravity,  as  well  as  with  the  pressure.  Therefore,  to  obtain  a  height  that 
shall  be  a  true  relative  measure  of  the  atmospheric  pressure,  the  observed 


BAROMETRICAL  TABLES. 


XXXV 


height  of  the  mercurial  column  must  not  only  be  reduced  to  what  its  height 
would  be  if  at  a  standard  temperature,  but  also  to  what  it  would  be  at  a 
standard  value  of  gravity. 

As  stated  on  page  xviii,  the  standard  value  of  gravity  adopted  is  980.665 
dynes.  At  the  time  of  its  adoption  this  value  was  assumed  to  apply  for 
“ latitude  450  and  sea-level”  on  the  basis  of  the  absolute  determination  of 
g  at  the  International  Bureau  by  Defforges,  1887-1890  (Proces-Verbaux, 
Comite  Inter,  d.  Poids  et  Mesures,  1887,  pp.  27-28,  86;  1891,  p.  135). 

More  recent  determinations,  1  based  upon  numerous  measurements 
in  all  parts  of  the  world,  and  assuming  a  certain  ideal  figure  for  the  earth, 
give  for  the  mean  value  of  g  at  latitude  450  and  sea  level  the  value  980.621 
dynes.  This  differs  from  the  standard  value  by  0.044  dyne.  Departures 
of  this  magnitude  from  the  mean  sea-level  gravity  of  a  given  latitude  are 
frequently  encountered,  and  in  some  cases  surpassed.  They  are  attributed 
to  topography  and  isostatic  compensation,  and  to  gravity  anomalies.  For 
example,  according  to  Bowie,2  at  Pikes  Peak,  Colo.,  the  correction  for 
topography  and  compensation  is  +0.187  dyne,  while  the  gravity  anomaly3 
is  +0.021  dyne,  giving  a  total  gravity  departure  of  +0.208  dyne.  Also, 
at  Seattle,  Wash.,  from  the  mean  of  measurements  at  two  stations,  the  cor¬ 
rection  for  topography  and  compensation  is  —  0.19  dyne  4  and  the  grav¬ 
ity  anomaly  is  —  0.093  dyne,5  giving  a  total  gravity  departure  of  —  O.II2 
dyne.  The  gravity  departure  at  Pikes  Peak  is  sufficient  to  cause  the  barom¬ 
eter  to  read  0.004  inch  or  0.10  mm.  low,  while  the  departure  at  Seattle  is 
sufficient  to  cause  the  barometer  to  read  0.003  inc h  or  0.09  mm.  high,  as 
compared  with  what  the  readings  would  have  been  with  gravity  at  normal 
intensity  for  the  latitudes  of  the  respective  stations. 

From  the  foregoing  it  is  evident  that  the  value  of  local  gravity,  gu  at 
the  observing  station  must  be  determined  before  the  barometer  reading 
can  be  accurately  reduced  to  standard  gravity.  In  many  cases,  and  espe¬ 
cially  at  sea,  it  is  not  practicable  to  measure  gt.  In  the  United  States  its 
value  may  frequently  be  determined  with  sufficient  accuracy  in  the  follow¬ 
ing  manner: 

(1)  Compute  g^,  mean  gravity  at  sea  level  for  the  latitude  of  the  sta¬ 
tion,  from  the  equation  6 

g<t>  =  978.039  (1  +  0.005294  sin 2<f>  -  0.000007  sin2  20), 

=  980.621  (1  -  0.002640  cos  20  +  0.000007  cos2  20) 

(2)  Correct  for  altitude  by  the  equation  7 
c  (dynes)  =  —  0.0003086  h  (meters),  or 
c  (dynes)  =  —  0.000094  h  (feet), 

1  Investigations  of  gravity  and  isostasy,  by  William  Bowie.  U.S.  Coast  and  Geodetic 
Survey,  Special  Publication  No.  40,  1917,  p.  134. 

2  Op.  cit.  p.  50.  3  Op.  cit.  p.  59.  4  Op.  cit.  p.  50.  6  Op.  cit.  p.  59. 

6  Bowie,  op.  cit.  p.  134.  7  Bowie,  op.  cit.  p.  93. 


XXXVI 


INTRODUCTION. 


where  h  is  the  altitude  of  the  station  above  sea  level. 

(3)  Correct  g$  for  gravity  anomaly.1 

(4)  Finally,  g *  is  to  be  corrected  for  topography  and  isostatic  com¬ 
pensation.2 

Example: 

To  determine  the  value  of  local  gravity  gh  at  the  Weather  Bureau 
Office,  Atlanta,  Ga.,  latitude  330  45'  N.,  longitude  84°  23'  W., 
height  of  barometer  above  sea  level,  1218  feet. 

From  Table  83,  mean  sea  level  gravity  for  lat¬ 
itude  330  45'  =  979.631  dynes. 

Correction  for  height  of  barometer 

(—0.000094X1218)  =—  0.114  “ 

Correction  for  gravity  anomaly,  =  —  0.023  “ 

Correction  for  topography  and  compensation  =  -f  0.014  “ 

Local  gravity  at  Weather  Bureau  Office,  Atlanta, 

Ga.  =  979.508  dynes. 

Having  determined  gh  the  reduction  of  barometer  readings  to  stan¬ 
dard  gravity  is  easily  and  accurately  accomplished  by  multiplying  by  the 
ratio  gi/g,  or  by  applying  a  correction  to  the  barometer  reading,  other- 

(qi  -  tt) 

wise  corrected,  derived  from  the  expression  — - —  B.  With  gi  <  g  the 

g 

correction  is  to  be  subtracted;  with  gt  >  g  the  correction  is  to  be  added. 
In  general,  sufficient  accuracy  will  be  attained  by  computing  the  gravity 

correction  for  a  station  once  for  all  from  the  equation  C  =  Bn  — - —  , 

g 

in  which  Bn  is  the  normal  station  barometer  pressure,  and  C  is  expressed 
in  the  same  units  as  Bn. 

Table  48  gives  corrections  to  reduce  barometer  readings  to  standard 
gravity.  The  top  argument  is  the  barometer  reading.  The  side  argument 
is  the  difference,  gt  —  g ,  for  each  tenth  of  a  dyne  up  to  4.0  dynes.  The 
relation  is  a  linear  function  of  both  gi  —  g  and  B ,  and  for  barometer  read¬ 
ings  10  or  100  times  greater  than  those  given  in  the  argument  the  correc¬ 
tion  may  be  obtained  by  removing  the  decimal  point  in  the  tabulated  val¬ 
ues  one  or  two  places,  respectively,  to  the  right.  The  correction  obtained 
will  be  expressed  in  the  same  units  as  the  barometer  reading  to  be  cor¬ 
rected. 


1  In  most  cases  the  gravity  anomaly  may  be  obtained  from  Bowie’s  paper,  op.  cit.,  figure 
11. 

2  In  some  cases  this  correction  may  be  obtained  from  Bowie’s  paper,  op.  cit.,  pp.  50-52, 
but  in  many  cases,  and  especially  in  mountainous  districts,  it  must  be  separately  computed 
for  each  station. 


BAROMETRICAL  TABLES. 


XXXV II 


Example  i. 

The  barometer  reading  corrected  for  temperature  is  29.647  inches, 
and  the  local  value  of  gravity  is  978.08.  The  difference,  gt  —  g, 
=  —  2.585.  From  the  table, 


the  correction  for  a  barometer  reading  of  20  inches 
the  correction  for  a  barometer  reading  of  9  inches 
the  correction  for  a  barometer  reading  of  0.65  inches 
Correction  for  a  barometer  reading  of  29.65  inches 
Corrected  barometer  reading  =  29.647  in.  —  0.078  in. 


=  —  0.0527  in. 
=  —  0.0257  in. 
=  —  0.0017  in. 
=  —  0.078  in. 
=  29.569  in. 


Example  2. 


The  barometer  reading  reduced  to  o°  C.  is  657.42  mm.,  and  the  local 
value  of  gravity  is  981.51.  The  difference,  gi  —  g  —  +  0.845.  From 
the  table, 

the  correction  for  a  barometer  reading  of  600  mm.  =  -f  0.517  mm. 

the  correction  for  a  barometer  reading  of  30  mm.  =  +  0.026  mm. 

the  correction  for  a  barometer  reading  of  7  mm.  =  +  0.006  mm. 


Correction  for  a  barometer  reading  of  637.4  nun. 
Corrected  barometer  reading  =  637.42  +  0.55 


=  +  0.55  mm. 
=  +  637.97  mm. 


In  the  case  of  barometer  readings  made  at  sea,  and  also  at  some  land 
stations,  it  is  not  practicable  to  determine  local  gravity  with  greater  ac¬ 
curacy  than  it  can  be  computed  from  the  equations  for  variation  with  lati¬ 
tude  and  altitude  given  above.  The  reduction  to  standard  gravity,  accord¬ 
ingly,  consists  of  two  parts  —  a  correction  for  altitude,  and  a  correction 
from  the  computed  sea-level  gravity  for  the  latitude  of  the  station  to  stan¬ 
dard  gravity.  The  first  part  of  the  correction,  or  the  correction  for  altitude, 
may  be  computed  once  for  all  from  the  expression  c  =  —  0.0003086  h  Bn 
(metric  measures),  or  c  =  —0.000094  h  Bn  (English  measures),  and  is  usually 
combined  with  the  reduction  of  the  barometer  to  sea  level  or  to  some  other 
reference  plane.  Th  e  second  part  has  heretofore  consisted  of  a  correction  for 
the  difference  between  the  mean  value  of  gravity  for  the  latitude  of  the 
station  and  for  latitude  450;  and,  in  accordance  with  the  equation  given 
above,  it  may  be  derived  from  the  expression 


( -  0.002640  cos  2  0  +  0.000007  cos2  2  0)  B 

where  0  is  the  latitude  of  the  station,  and  B  is  the  barometer  reading.  The 

value  of  the  ratio  ^2I —  980.665  _  _  0>0000^  There- 

g  980.665 

fore,  the  expression  for  the  gravity  correction  becomes 

(  -  0.00264  cos  2  0  +  0.000007  cos2  2  0  —  0.000045)  B 


Table  49  ( English  measures)  gives  the  corrections  in  thousandths  of 
an  inch  for  every  degree  of  latitude  and  for  each  inch  of  barometric  pres- 


XXXV111 


INTRODUCTION. 


sure  from  19  to  30  inches,  to  reduce  barometer  readings  to  standard  grav¬ 
ity,  computed  from  the  equation 

C  =  (  —  0.00264  cos  2  0+  0.000007  cos2  20—  0.000045)  B 

Table  50  ( metric  measures)  gives  the  same  corrections  in  hundredths 
of  a  millimeter  for  each  20  millimeters  barometric  pressure  from  520  to  780 
millimeters. 

Example : 

Barometric  reading  (corrected  for  temperature)  at  latitude 

63°  55',  =  27.434  inches 

Correction  to  standard  gravity,  Table  49,  =  0.043  inches 

Barometer  reduced  to  standard  gravity,  =  27.477  inches 

The  adoption  of  this  new  value  for  standard  gravity  may  require  a 
slight  correction  to  old  barometric  records  in  order  to  make  the  entire  series 
of  readings  homogeneous.  The  amount  of  this  correction  will  be  the  differ¬ 
ence  between  the  gravity  correction  computed  by  these  new  tables  and  by 
the  old  tables. 


Example: 

Seattle,  Wash.,  Lat.  470  38'  N.  Long.  1220  20'  W.,  height  of  barometer 
above  sea  level  125  feet,  normal  station  barometer  29.89  inches. 


£<*>  (Table  83) 

Correction  for  height  (  —  0.000094  X  125) 
Correction  for  topography  and  compensation 
Correction  for  gravity  anomaly 
Value  of  local  gravity 


=  980.859  dynes. 

=  -  .012  “ 

=  -  .019  “ 

=  “  -°93  “ 

980.735  dynes. 


Correction  to  reduce  barometer  readings  to  standard  gravity, 

9^°735 - 9^?i^65  g  =4-0.002  inch.  Old  correction,  +0.007;  correc- 

980.665 

tion  to  old  records  =  0.002  in.  —  0.007  in.  =  —  0.005  in. 

For  correcting  back  records  of  readings  at  sea,  or  at  any  place  where 
the  value  of  local  gravity  cannot  be  determined,  the  correction  is  equal  to 


the  ratio 

980.599  980.665  g  _  _  a0000£7  The  corrections  are  as 

900.005 

follows: 

Barometer  reading. 

Correction. 

From  7  to  22  inches 

—  0.001  in. 

From  23  to  32  inches 

—  0.002  in. 

From  380  to  520  mm. 
From  530  to  670  mm. 
From  680  to  820  mm. 


—  0.03  mm. 

—  0.04  mm. 

—  0.05  mm. 


BAROMETRICAL  TABLES. 


XXXIX 


THE  HYPSOMETRIC  FORMULA  AND  ITS  CONSTANTS. 


The  fundamental  formula  for  reducing  the  barometer  to  sea  level  and 
for  determining  heights  by  the  barometer  is  the  original  formula  of  Laplace, 
amplified  into  the  following  form  — 


(i)  Z  =  K  (i  +  a0) 


i  -0.3 


or,  where  gh  the  value  of  local  gravity  is  unknown, 


(2)  Z  =  K  (i  +  a0)  ( - - - Vi-f&cos20-&'cos220-f  c/i+ 

\i -0.378^/  \  K  J  P 

in  which  h  =  Height  of  the  upper  station. 

hQ  =  Height  of  the  lower  station. 

Z  =  h  —  hQ. 

p  =  Atmospheric  pressure  at  the  upper  station. 
pQ  =  Atmospheric  pressure  at  the  lower  station. 

R  =  Mean  radius  of  the  earth. 

6  =  Mean  temperature  of  the  air  column  between  the  alti¬ 
tudes  h  and  hQ. 

e  =  Mean  pressure  of  aqueous  vapor  in  the  air  column. 
b  =  Mean  barometric  pressure  of  the  air  column. 

0  =  Latitude  of  the  stations. 

K  =  Barometric  constant. 
a  =  Coefficient  of  the  expansion  of  air. 
and  kf  =  Constants  depending  on  the  figure  of  the  earth. 

C  =  Constant  =  the  ratio  ^ 

g 

g  =  standard  value  of  gravity  =  980.665  dynes. 
gi  =  Local  value  of  gravity. 

The  pressures  pQ  and  p  are  computed  from  the  height  of  the  column  of 

mercury  at  the  two  stations ;  the  ratio  ~  of  the  barometric  heights  may  be 
P  3 

substituted  for  the  ratio  — ,  if  B0  and  B  are  reduced  to  the  values  that  would 

P 

be  measured  at  the  same  temperature  and  under  the  same  relative  value 
of  gravity. 

The  correction  of  the  observed  barometric  heights  for  instrumental 
temperature  is  always  separately  made,  but  the  correction  for  the  variation 
of  gravity  with  altitude  is  generally  introduced  into  the  formula  itself. 

If  B0,  B  represent  the  barometric  heights  corrected  for  temperature 
only,  we  have  the  equation 


xl 


INTRODUCTION. 


n  being  a  constant  depending  on  the  variation  of  gravity  with  altitude 


Jt 


=  0.0000003 ),  and 


Iog|  =  1og|0  +  I°g(l+,t|). 

Since  is  a  very  small  fraction,  we  may  write 

Nap.  log  (1  +  ^0  =  and  log  (1  +  ^0  =  ^  M, 
M  being  the  modulus  of  common  logarithms. 


By  substituting  for  Z  its  approximate  value  Z  =  K  log  — °,  we  have 

B 


uZ\  nK 


l0g  l 1  +  ~R  ]  =  M  log 


R 


B  ' 


) 


With  these  substitutions  the  barometric  formula  becomes 

(,)  Z-Kl,  +  •*>  (r^n) (‘ +  '“t6)  (■+  t 

(,  +  <f  Af)  ta,  J\  or 

Z  =  K(i  +  a$)f - - - -N)  (i  +  k  cos  24, -k'  cos2  2  4>  +  C)  ( 1  + 

\i  —  0-378?/  \  R  J 


(2) 


(I+  it  Ar)log 


As  a  further  simplification  we  shall  put 

/3  =  0.378I,  y  =  k  cos  2  0  —  k '  cos2  2  0  4-  C  and  7;  =  ^  ikf, 

0  K 

and  write  for  the  second  form,  (2),  the  formula  — 

Z  =  K(  i  +  «9)  (7^)  +  y)  (i  +  (I  +  »)  log  J- 

Values  of  the  constants.  —  The  barometric  constant  K  is  a  complex 
quantity  defined  by  the  equation 

■pr  _  A  X  Bn 
8  X  M 

Bn  is  the  normal  barometric  height  of  Laplace,  760  mm. 

A  is  the  density  of  mercury  at  the  temperature  of  melting  ice.  The 
value  adopted  by  the  International  Meteorological  Committee,  and  which 
has  been  employed  in  previous  editions  of  these  tables  is  A  =  13.5956.  The 


BAROMETRICAL  TABLES. 


xli 


most  probable  value,  taking  into  account  the  recently  determined  relation 
between  the  liter  and  the  cubic  decimeter,1  is  as  already  stated,  A  =  13.5951 
and  this  value  is  here  adopted. 

8  is  the  density  of  dry  air  at  o°C  under  the  pressure  of  a  column  of  mer¬ 
cury  Bn  at  the  sea  level  and  under  standard  gravity.  The  value  adopted 
by  the  International  Bureau  of  Weights  and  Measures  for  air  under  the 
above  conditions  and  free  from  C02  is  8  =  0.0012928  grams  per  cubic 
centimeter.2  This  is  in  close  agreement  with  the  value  (5  =  0.00129278) 
used  in  previous  editions  of  these  tables.  For  air  containing  4  parts  in  10000 
of  CO 2  it  gives  a  density  of  0.00129307,  and  for  air  containing  3  parts  in 
10000  of  CO 2 ,  the  proportion  adopted  by  Hann,3  it  gives  a  density  of 
0.00129301.  Therefore,  the  value  adopted  for  the  density  of  air  containing 
an  average  amount  of  C02  is 

8  =  0.0012930 

M  (Modulus  of  common  logarithms)  =  0.4342945.  These  numbers 
give  for  the  value  of  the  barometric  constant 

K  =  18400  meters. 

For  the  remaining  constants,  the  following  values  have  been  used: 
a  =  0.00367  for  i°  Centigrade.  (International  Bureau  of  Weights  and 

Measures:  Travaux  et  Memoires ,  t.  I,  p.  A.  54.) 

\  =  k  COS  20  -  k'  COS2  2(f>  +  C  =  0.002640  COS  20  —  O.OOOOO7  COS2  20  + 

O.OOOO45 

R  =  6367324  meters.  (A.  R.  Clarke:  Geodesy ,  8°,  Oxford,  1880.) 

t 

17  =  =0.002396.  (Ferrel:  Report  Chief  Signal  Officer ,  1885,  pt.  2, 

K 

pp.  17  and  393.) 

TABLES  51,  52,  53,  54,  55. 

THE  DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 


Tables  51 , 52,  53,  54,  55. 

English  Measures. 


Since  a  barometric  determination  of  the  height  will  rarely  be  made  at 
a  place  where  gi  is  known,  the  discussion  which  follows  w^ill  be  confined  to 
the  second  form  of  the  barometric  formula  developed  in  the  preceding  sec¬ 
tion  (see  page  xxxix).  For  convenience  in  computing  heights  it  is  arranged 
in  the  following  form : 


Z  =  K  (log  BQ  —  log  B) 


(I  +  ad) 

(i  +  9) 

(i  +  k  COS 2  0  —  k '  COS 22  0+C)  (i  +  r?) 


Z  +  2  hQ\ 
R  ) 


1  Comptes  Rendus,  Quatrieme  Conference  Generale  Poids  et  Mesures,  1907,  pp.  60-61. 
8  Leduc,  l.c.  3  Lehrbuch  der  Meteorologie,  dritte  Auflage,  1915,  s.  5. 


xlii 


INTRODUCTION. 


in  which  K  (log  B0  —  log  B)  is  an  approximate  value  of  Z  and  the  factors 
in  the  brackets  are  correction  factors  depending  respectively  on  the  air 
temperature,  the  humidity,  the  variation  of  gravity  with  latitude,  the 
variation  of  gravity  with  altitude  in  its  effect  on  the  weight  of  mercury  in 
the  barometer,  and  the  variation  of  gravity  with  altitude  in  its  effect  on  the 
weight  of  the  air.  With  the  constants  already  given,  the  formula  becomes 
in  English  measures: 


Z  (feet)  =  60368 1  (log  £0- log  3) 


[1  +  0.002039  (0  -  320)] 

(J  +  ft 

(1  +  0.002640  cos  2(f)  —  0.000007  cos2  2  <f> 
+  0.000045)  (1  +  0.00239) 


Z  +  2  h0  \ 

~R  J 


In  order  to  make  the  temperature  correction  as  small  as  possible  for 
average  air  temperatures,  50°  F.  will  be  taken  as  the  temperature  at  which 
the  correction  factor  is  zero.  This  is  accomplished  by  the  following  trans¬ 
formation  : 


1  +  0.002039  (0  -  320)  =  [1  +  0.002039  (0  -  500)]  [1  +  0.0010195  X  360]. 

The  second  factor  of  this  expression  combines  with  the  constant,  and 
gives  60368  (1  +0.0010195  X  36°)  =  62583.6. 

The  first  approximate  value  of  Z  is  therefore 

62583.6  (log  B0  -  log  B). 

In  order  further  to  increase  the  utility  of  the  tables,  we  shall  make  a 
further  substitution  for  log  B0  —  log  B,  and  write 

62583.6  (log  B0-  log  B)  =  62583.6  ^log  _  i0g 
Table  51  contains  values  of  the  expression 

62583.6  log  ^ 

for  values  of  B  varying  by  intervals  of  0.01  inch  from  12.00  inches  to  30.90 
inches. 

The  first  approximate  value  of  Z  is  then  obtained  by  subtracting  the 
tabular  value  corresponding  to  B0  from  the  tabular  value  corresponding  to 
B  {B  and  BQ  being  the  barometric  readings  observed  and  corrected  for 
temperature  at  the  upper  and  lower  stations  respectively). 

Table  52  gives  the  temperature  correction 

Z  X  0.002039  (  6  -  50°). 


1  In  accordance  with  the  relation  between  the  meter  and  the  foot  given  on  p.  xix,  this 

constant  should  be  60367.  (See  Table  14.) 


BAROMETRICAL  TABLES. 


xliii 

The  side  argument  is  the  mean  temperature  of  the  air  column  (0)  given 
for  intervals  of  i°  from  o°  to  ioo°  F.  The  top  argument  is  the  approximate 
difference  of  altitude  Z  obtained  from  Table  51. 

For  temperatures  above  50°  F.,  the  correction  is  to  be  added,  and  for 
temperatures  below  50°  F.,  the  correction  is  to  be  subtracted.  It  will  be 
observed  that  the  correction  is  a  linear  function  of  Z,  and  hence,  for  exam¬ 
ple,  the  value  for  Z  =  1740  is  the  sum  of  the  corrections  in  the  columns 
headed  1000,  700,  and  40. 

In  general,  accurate  altitudes  cannot  be  obtained  unless  the  tempera¬ 
ture  used  is  freed  from  diurnal  variation. 

Table  53  gives  the  correction  for  gravity,  and  for  the  effect  of  the  vari¬ 
ation  of  gravity  with  altitude  on  the  weight  of  the  mercury.  When  alti¬ 
tudes  are  determined  with  aneroid  barometers  the  second  factor  does  not 
enter  the  formula.  In  this  case  the  effect  of  the  latitude  factor  can  be  ob¬ 
tained  by  taking  the  difference  between  the  tabular  value  for  the  given  lati¬ 
tude  and  the  tabular  value  for  latitude  450  29'.  The  side  argument  is  the 
latitude  of  the  station  given  for  intervals  of  2°.  The  top  argument  is  the 
approximate  difference  of  height  Z. 

Table  54  gives  the  correction  for  the  average  humidity  of  the  air  at 
different  temperatures.  In  evaluating  the  humidity  factor  as  a  function 
of  the  air  temperature,  the  tables  given  by  Prof.  Ferrel  have  been  adopted 
( Meteorological  researches.  Part  Hi.  —  Barometric  hypsometry  and  reduction 
of  the  barometer  to  sea  level.  Report,  U.S.  Coast  Survey,  1881.  Appendix 
10.)  These  tables  by  interpolation,  and  by  extrapolation  below  o °F.,  give 
the  following  values  for  (5 : 

For  Fahrenheit  temperatures, 


e 

P 

e 

P 

e 

P 

e 

P 

F- 

F. 

F. 

F. 

j  —20° 

0.00008 

IO° 

0.00104 

36° 

0.00267 

62° 

0.00724 

—  l6 

.00020 

12 

.00111 

38 

.00293 

64 

.00762 

—  12 

.00032 

14 

.00118 

40 

.00322 

66 

.00801 

-  8 

.00044 

16 

.00126 

42 

.00353 

68 

.00839 

18 

.00134 

44 

.00386 

70 

.00877 

—  6 

0.00050 

20 

.00143 

46 

.00421 

72 

.00914 

-  4 

.00056 

22 

.00153 

48 

.00458 

-  2 

.00062 

24 

.00163 

50 

.00496 

76 

0.00990 

0 

.00068 

26 

.00174 

52 

.00534 

80 

.01065 

+  2 

.00075 

28 

.00187 

54 

.00572 

84 

.01141 

4 

.00082 

30 

.00203 

56 

.00610 

88 

.01217 

6 

.00089 

32 

.00222 

58 

.00648 

92 

.01293 

8 

.00096 

34 

.00243 

60 

.00686 

96 

.01369 

This  correction  could  have  been  incorporated  with  the  temperature 
factor  in  Table  52,  but  it  is  given  separately  in  order  that  the  magnitude 
of  the  correction  may  be  apparent,  and  in  order  that,  when  the  actual  hu- 


xliv 


INTRODUCTION. 


midity  is  observed,  the  correction  may  be  computed  if  desired,  by  the  ex¬ 
pression 

z  (0.378  f) 

where  e  is  the  mean  pressure  of  vapor  in  the  air  column,  and  b  the  mean 
barometric  pressure. 

The  side  argument  is  the  mean  temperature  of  the  air  column,  varying 
by  intervals  of  2°  from  —  20°  F.  to  96°  F .,  except  near  the  extremities  of  the 
table  where  the  interval  is  40.  The  top  argument  is  the  approximate  differ¬ 
ence  of  altitude  Z. 

Table  55  gives  the  correction  for  the  variation  of  gravity  with  altitude 
in  its  effect  on  the  weight  of  the  air.  The  side  argument  is  the  approximate 
difference  of  altitude  Z,  and  the  top  argument  is  the  elevation  of  the  lower 
station  hQ. 

The  corrections  given  by  Tables  53,  54,  and  55  are  all  additive. 
Example: 

Let  the  barometric  pressure  observed,  and  corrected  for  temperature, 
at  the  upper  and  lower  stations  be,  respectively,  B  =23.61  and 
B0  =  29.97.  Let  the  mean  temperature  of  the  air  column  be  350 
F.}  and  the  latitude  440  16'.  To  determine  the  difference  of  height. 


Feet. 

Table  51,  argument  23.61,  gives  6420 

Table  51,  “  29.97,  “  - _ 64 

Approximate  difference  of  height  (Z)  =  6484 

Table  52,  with  Z  =  6484  and  0  =  350  F.,  gives  -  198 

Table  53,  with  Z  =  6300  and  <f>  =  440,  gives  -f  16 

Table  54,  with  Z  =  6300  and  0  =  350  F.,  gives  4-  16 

Table  55,  with  Z  =  6300  and  hQ  =  o,  gives  + _ 2 

Final  difference  of  height  (Z)  =  6320 


If  in  this  example  the  barometric  readings  be  observed  with  aneroid 
barometers,  the  correction  to  be  obtained  from  Table  53  will  be  simply  the 
portion  due  to  the  latitude  factor,  and  this  will  be  obtained  by  subtracting 
the  tabular  value  for  450  29'  from  that  for  440,  the  top  argument  being 
Z  =  6300.  This  gives  16  —  15  =1. 

Tables  56,  57,  58,  59,  60,  61 , 62,  63. 

Metric  and  Dynamic  Measures. 

The  barometric  formula  developed  on  page  xli  is,  in  metric  and  dyna¬ 
mic  units, 


BAROMETRICAL  TABLES. 


xlv 


Z  (meters)  =  18400  (log  B0—\og  B) 


( 1  +  0.00367  0  C .) 
(1  +  0.3785) 


(1  +  0.002640  COS  2  (f)  -0.000007  COS2  2  <f> 
+  O.OOOO45)  (i  +  O.OO239) 


Z  +  2  hQ\ 
6367324  / 


The  approximate  value  of  Z  (the  difference  of  height  of  the  upper  and 
lower  station)  is  given  by  the  factor  18400  (log  B0  —  log  B).  This  expres¬ 
sion  is  computed  by  means  of  two  entries  of  a  table  whose  argument  is  the 
barometric  pressure.  In  order  that  the  two  entries  may  result  at  once  in  an 
approximate  value  of  the  elevation  of  the  upper  and  lower  stations,  a  trans¬ 
formation  is  made,  which  gives  the  following  identities: 

18400  (log  B0  —  log  B)  =  18400  ^log  -  log  —  Metric  measures, 
and  18400  (log  B0  -  log  B)  =  18400  ^log  -  log  — Dynamic 


measures. 


760 


Table  56  gives  values  of  the  expression  18400  log  for  values  of  B 

B 


varying  by  intervals  of  I  mm.  from  300  mm.  to  779  mm.  The  first  approxi¬ 
mate  value  of  Z  is  then  obtained  by  subtracting  the  tabular  value  corre¬ 
sponding  to  B0  from  the  tabular  value  corresponding  to  B  (B  and  B0  being 
the  barometric  readings  observed  and  reduced  to  o°  C.  at  the  upper  and 
lower  stations  respectively).  The  first  entry  of  Table  56  with  the  argu¬ 
ment  B  gives  an  approximate  value  of  the  elevation  of  the  upper  station 
above  sea  level,  and  the  second  entry  with  the  argument  B0  gives  an  ap¬ 
proximate  value  of  the  elevation  of  the  lower  station. 


Table  57  gives  values  of  the  expression  18400  log 


— -TLy—  for  values  of 
B 


B  varying  by  intervals  of  I  mb.  from  o  mb.  to  1049  mb.  The  approximate 
value  of  Z  is  then  obtained  by  subtracting  the  tabular  value  corresponding 
to  B0  from  the  tabular  value  corresponding  to  B  ( B  and  B0  being  the  baro¬ 
metric  readings  observed  and  reduced  to  o°  C.  at  the  upper  and  lower  sta¬ 
tions  respectively).  The  first  entry  of  Table  57  with  the  argument  B  gives 
an  approximate  value  of  the  elevation  of  the  upper  station  above  sea  level, 
and  the  second  entry  with  the  argument  BQ  gives  an  approximate  value  of 
the  elevation  of  the  lower  station. 

Table  58  gives  the  temperature  correction  factor,  0=0.003670,  for 
each  tenth  of  a  degree  centigrade,  from  o°  C.  to  50.90  C.  To  find  the  cor¬ 
rection  corresponding  to  any  mean  temperature  of  the  air  column,  0,  mul¬ 
tiply  the  approximate  altitude  as  determined  from  Table  56  or  57  by  the 
value  of  a  obtained  from  this  table,  and  add  the  result  if  0  is  above  o°  C.; 
subtract,  if  below  o°  C. 


xlvi 


INTRODUCTION. 


Attention  is  called  to  the  fact  that  the  formula  is  linear  with  respect 
to  6,  and  hence  that  the  correction,  for  example,  for  59?8  C.  equals  the  cor¬ 
rection  for  50?8  plus  the  correction  for  90  or  .186  +  .033  =  .219,  and  is  to 
be  added. 

Table  59  is  an  amplification  of  Table  58  and  gives  the  temperature 
correction  0.00367  6  X  Z. 

The  side  argument  is  the  approximate  difference  of  elevation  Z  and 
the  top  argument  is  the  mean  temperature  of  the  air  column.  The  values 
of  Z  vary  by  intervals  of  100  m.  from  100  to  4000  meters  and  the  tempera¬ 
ture  varies  by  intervals  of  i°  from  i°  C.  to  io°  C.  with  additional  columns 
for  20°,  30°,  and  40°  C.  This  formula  also  is  linear  with  respect  to  6 ,  and 
hence  the  correction,  for  example,  for  270  equals  the  correction  for  20°  plus 
the  correction  for  70.  When  the  table  is  used  for  temperatures  below  o°  C. 
the  tabular  correction  must  be  subtracted  from,  instead  of  added  to,  the 
approximate  value  of  Z. 

Table  60  (pp.  149  and  150)  gives  the  correction  for  humidity  resulting 


from  the  factor  0.378  ^  X  Z  =  |8  Z. 

0 

Page  149  gives  the  value  of  0.378  7  multiplied  by  10000.  The  side  argu- 

b 

ment  is  the  mean  pressure  of  aqueous  vapor,  e,  which  serves  to  repre¬ 
sent  the  mean  state  of  humidity  of  the  air  between  the  two  stations. 
e  =  +  eQ)  (ex  and  eQ  being  the  vapor  pressures  observed  at  the  two  sta¬ 

tions)  has  been  written  at  the  head  of  the  table,  but  the  value  to  be  as¬ 
signed  to  e  is  in  reality  left  to  the  observer,  independently  of  all  hypothesis. 
The  top  argument  is  the  mean  barometric  pressure  \  (B  +  B0). 

The  vapor  pressure  varies  by  millimeters  from  1  to  40,  and  the  mean 
barometric  pressure  varies  by  intervals  of  20  mm.  from  500  mm.  to  760  mm. 

c  *  • 

The  tabular  values  represent  the  humidity  factor  j3,  or  0.378  -,  multiplied  by 
10000. 


g 

Page  150  gives  the  correction  for  humidity,  with  Z  and  10000  X  0.378  ^ 
(derived  from  page  149)  as  arguments. 

The  approximate  difference  of  altitude  is  given  by  intervals  of  100 
meters  from  KX)  to  4000  meters,  with  additional  lines  for  5000,  6000,  and 
7000  meters.  The  values  of  10000  /3  vary  by  intervals  of  25  from  25  to  300. 
The  tabular  values  are  given  in  tenths  of  meters  to  facilitate  and  increase 
the  accuracy  of  interpolation. 


Table  61 .  Humidity  correction:  Value  of 


1  A>-378£  \ 

2  V0.00367  / 


It  has  been 


found  advantageous  to  express  the  humidity  term,  /3  Z,  as  a  correction  to 
the  temperature  term,  ad  Z. 

-  £  _  0.378? 


Let  a  A  0  Z  =  /?  Z ;  then, 


A  9 


a  0.00367 


BAROMETRICAL  TABLES.  xlvii 

For  convenience  in  computing,  the  tabulated  values  of  A  6  are  for 

1  /  Q-37 Yhe  side  and  top  arguments  are  air  and  vapor  pressures,  re- 

2  V0.0036 7  J 

spectively,  in  mm.  on  p.  15 1  and  in  mb.  on  p.  152.  Instead  of  computing 
A  6  from  the  mean  of  the  values  of  B  and  e  at  the  upper  and  lower  stations 
it  is  computed  for  each  station  separately,  and  the  sum  of  the  two  deter¬ 
minations  is  added  to  0. 

Table  62  gives  the  correction  for  gravity,  and  for  the  effect  of  the 
variation  of  gravity  with  altitude  on  the  weight  of  the  mercurial  column. 
When  altitudes  are  determined  with  aneroid  barometers  the  latter  factor 
does  not  enter  the  formula.  In  this  case  the  effect  of  the  latitude  factor  can 
be  obtained  by  subtracting  the  tabular  value  for  latitude  450  29'  from  the 
tabular  value  for  the  latitude  in  question. 

The  side  argument  is  the  approximate  difference  of  elevation  Z  varying 
by  intervals  of  100  meters  from  100  to  4000,  and  by  500  meters  from  4000 
to  7000.  The  top  argument  is  the  latitude,  varying  by  intervals  of  50  from 
o°  to  75.0 

Table  63  gives  the  correction  for  the  variation  of  gravity  with  altitude 
in  its  effect  on  the  weight  of  the  air. 

The  side  argument  is  the  same  as  in  Table  62;  the  top  argument  is  the 
height  of  the  lower  station,  varying  by  intervals  of  200  meters  from  o  to 
2000,  with  additional  columns  for  2500,  3000  and  4000  meters. 

The  corrections  given  in  Table  62  and  Table  63  apply  to  the  approxi¬ 
mate  heights  computed  from  metric  or  dynamic  measures  by  the  use  of 
Tables  56  to  61,  inclusive,  and  are  additive. 

Example:  (Metric  Measures.) 

Let  the  barometric  reading  (reduced  to  o°  C .)  at  the  upper  station  be 
655.7  mm-  5  at  the  lower  station,  772.4  mm.  Let  the  mean  tempera¬ 
ture  of  the  air  column  be  0  =  I2?3  C.,  the  mean  vapor  pressure  e  = 
9  mm.  and  the  latitude  0  =  320. 

Table  56,  with  argument  655.7,  gives  1179 

Table  56,  41  “  7724,  14  -  _£29 

Approximate  value  of  Z  =  1308 

Table  59,  with  Z  =  1308  and  0  =  I2°3  C,  gives  59 

Table  60,  with  e  =  9  mm.  and  Z  =  1370,  gives  7 

Table  62,  with  Z  =  1370  and  0  =  320,  gives  5 

Table  63,  with  Z  =  1370  and  hQ  =  o,  gives  o 

Corrected  value  of  Z  =  1379 

Example:  (Dynamic  Measures.) 

Let  the  barometer  reading  (reduced  to  o°  C .)  at  the  upper  station  be 
448.6  mb.;  at  the  lower  station,  1000.3  mt>.  Let  the  vapor  pres- 


meters. 


meters. 


xlviii 


INTRODUCTION. 


sure  at  the  upper  station  be  2.4  mb.;  at  the  lower  station  7.3  mb. 
Let  the  mean  temperature  of  the  air  column  be  0  =  5°8  C.  and  the 
latitude  <f>  =  390  25'  N. 

Table  57,  with  argument  448.6,  gives  6511  meters. 

Table  57,  with  argument  1000.3,  gives  104 

Approximate  value  of  Z  6407  meters. 

Table  61,  with  arguments  449  and  2.4  gives  A  0  =  0.3 
Table  61,  with  arguments  1000  and  7.3  gives  A  0  =  0.4 
Table  58,  with  0  =  5°8  +  07  =  6?5,  and  Z  =  6407  gives 
6407  X  0.024  =  154 

Table  62  with  Z  =  6561  and  <t>  =  390  25',  gives  19 

Table  63  with  Z  =  6561  and  hQ  =  o,  gives  7 

Corrected  value  of  Z  =  6587  meters. 

Table  64.  Difference  of  height  corresponding  to  a  change  of  0.1  inch  in  the 
barometer  —  English  measures. 

If  we  differentiate  the  barometric  formula,  page  xlii,  we  shall  obtain, 
neglecting  insensible  quantities, 

dZ  =  -  26281  ^  1  +  0.002039  (0  -  320)  ^  (1  +  /3), 

in  which  B  represents  the  mean  pressure  of  the  air  column  d  Z. 

Putting  dB  =0.1  inch, 

dZ  =  -  26^8;I  (1  +0.002039  (6  -  32°)^  (1  +/3). 

The  second  member,  taken  positively,  expresses  the  height  of  a  column 
of  air  in  feet  corresponding  to  a  tenth  of  an  inch  in  the  barometer  under 
standard  gravity.  Since  the  last  factor  (1  +  /3),  as  given  on  page  xliii,  is  a 
function  of  the  temperature,  the  function  has  only  two  variables  and  admits 
of  convenient  tabulation. 

Table  64,  containing  values  of  d  Z  for  short  intervals  of  the  arguments 
B  and  0,  has  been  taken  from  the  Report  of  the  U.S.  Coast  Survey,  1881, 
Appendix  10,  —  Barometric  hypsometry  and  reduction  of  the  barometer  to  sea 
level ,  by  Wm.  Ferrel.1 

The  temperature  argument  is  given  for  every  50  from  30°  F.  to  85°  F., 
and  the  pressure  argument  for  every  0.2  inch  from  22.0  to  30.8  inches. 

This  table  may  be  used  in  computing  small  differences  of  altitude,  and, 
up  to  a  thousand  feet  or  more,  very  approximate  results  may  be  obtained. 

1  Due  to  the  use  of  a  slightly  different  value  for  the  coefficient  of  expansion,  Prof. 
Ferrel’s  formula,  upon  which  the  table  is  computed,  is 

1+0.002034  (0-32°)^  (i+/3). 


d  Z 


_2628.4  ( 

\ 


BAROMETRICAL  TABLES. 


xlix 


Example  : 

Mean  pressure  at  Augusta,  October,  1891,  29.94;  temperature,  6o°8  F. 

Mean  pressure  at  Atlanta,  October,  1891 ,  28.97  i  temperature,  59^4 

Mean  pressure  of  air  column  B  =  29.455;  6  =  60° 1 

Entering  the  table  with  29.455  and  6o°i  as  arguments,  we  take  out 
94.95  as  the  difference  of  elevation  corresponding  to  a  tenth  of  an  inch  dif¬ 
ference  of  pressure.  Multiplying  this  value  by  the  number  of  tenths  of 
inches  difference  in  the  observed  pressures,  viz.  97,  we  obtain  the  difference 
of  elevation  921  feet. 

TABLE  65- 

Table  65.  Difference  of  height  corresponding  to  a  change  of  one  millimeter 
in  the  barometer  —  Metric  measures. 

This  table  has  been  computed  by  converting  Table  64  into  metric  units. 
The  temperature  argument  is  given  for  every  2°  from  —  2°  C.  to  +  36°  C. ; 
the  pressure  argument  is  given  for  10-mm.  intervals  from  760  to  560  mm. 

TABLE  66. 

Table  66.  Babinet' s  formula  for  determining  heights  by  the  barometer. 

Babinet’s  formula  for  computing  differences  of  altitude  1  represents 
the  formula  of  Laplace  quite  accurately  for  differences  of  altitude  up  to  1000 
meters,  and  within  one  per  cent  for  much  greater  altitudes.  As  it  has  been 
quite  widely  disseminated  among  travelers  and  engineers,  and  is  of  con¬ 
venient  application,  the  formula  is  here  given  in  English  and  metric  meas¬ 
ures.  It  might  seem  desirable  to  alter  the  figures  given  by  Babinet  so  as  to 
conform  to  the  newer  values  of  the  barometrical  constants  now  adopted; 
but  this  change  would  increase  the  resulting  altitudes  by  less  than  one-half 
of  one  per  cent  without  enhancing  their  reliability  to  a  corresponding  degree, 
on  account  of  the  outstanding  uncertainty  of  the  assumed  mean  temperature 
of  the  air. 

The  formula  is,  in  English  measures, 

2  (feet)  =  52494  [i  + 
and  in  metric  measures, 

Z  (meters)  =  16000  T 1  +  .2  (t°  +  ^ 

v  '  L  1000  JB0+B 


in  which  Z  is  the  difference  of  elevation  between  a  lower  and  an  upper 
station  at  which  the  barometric  pressures  corrected  for  all  sources  of  in¬ 
strumental  error  are  BQ  and  B,  and  the  observed  air  temperatures  are  t0 
and  /,  respectively. 

For  ready  computation  the  formula  is  written 


Z  = 


cx 


B0-B 
B0+B ’ 


1  Comptes  Rendus,  Paris,  1850,  vol.  xxx.,  page  309. 


1 


INTRODUCTION. 


and  the  factor  C,  computed  both  in  English  and  metric  measures,  has  been 
kindly  furnished  by  the  late  Prof.  Cleveland  Abbe.  The  argument  is 
i  (^o+  0  given  for  every  50  Fahrenheit  between  io°  and  100°  F.,  and  for 
every  2°  Centigrade  between  —  io°  and  36°  Centigrade. 

In  using  the  table,  it  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  on  account  of  the 
uncertainty  in  the  assumed  temperature,  the  last  two  figures  in  the  value  of 
C  are  uncertain,  and  are  here  given  only  for  the  sake  of  convenience  of 
interpolation.  Consequently  one  should  not  attach  to  the  resulting  altitudes 
a  greater  degree  of  confidence  than  is  warranted  by  the  accuracy  of  the 
temperatures  and  the  formula.  The  table  shows  that  the  numerical  factor 
changes  by  about  one  per  cent  of  its  value  for  every  change  of  five  degrees 
Fahrenheit  in  the  mean  temperature  of  the  stratum  of  air  between  the 
upper  and  lower  stations;  therefore  the  computed  difference  of  altitude  will 
have  an  uncertainty  of  one  per  cent  if  the  assumed  temperature  of  the  air 
is  in  doubt  by  5 °F.  With  these  precautions  the  observer  may  properly 
estimate  the  reliability  of  his  altitudes  whether  computed  by  Babinet’s 
formula  or  by  more  elaborate  tables. 


Example: 


Let  the  barometric  pressure  observed  and  corrected  for  temperature  at 
the  upper  and  lower  stations  be,  respectively,  B  =  635  mm.  and 
B0  =  730  mm.  Let  the  temperatures  be,  respectively,  t  =  150  C., 
t0  =  200  C.  To  find  the  approximate  difference  of  height. 


With}  (*o+0  = 


20°+  I5C 


=  I7°5  C.,  the  table  in  metric  measures  gives 


C  =  1 7 120  meters. 


Bq-B 
B0-\-  B 


95 

1365' 


The  approximate  difference  of  height  =  17120X  =  1191.5  meters. 


THERM OMETRICAL  MEASUREMENT  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  OBSERVATION  OF  THE 
TEMPERATURE  OF  THE  BOILING  POINT  OF  WATER. 

When  water  is  heated  in  the  open  air,  the  elastic  force  of  its  vapor 
gradually  increases,  until  it  becomes  equal  to  the  incumbent  weight  of  the 
atmosphere.  Then,  the  pressure  of  the  atmosphere  being  overcome,  the 
•steam  escapes  rapidly  in  large  bubbles  and  the  water  boils.  The  tempera¬ 
ture  at  which  water  boils  in  the  open  air  thus  depends  upon  the  weight  of 
the  atmospheric  column  above  it,  and  under  a  less  barometric  pressure  the 
water  will  boil  at  a  lower  temperature  than  under  a  greater  pressure.  Now, 
as  the  weight  of  the  atmosphere  decreases  with  the  elevation,  it  is  obvious 
that,  in  ascending  a  mountain,  the  higher  the  station  where  an  observation 
is  made,  the  lower  will  be  the  temperature  of  the  boiling  point. 

The  difference  of  elevation  between  two  places  therefore  can  be  de- 


BAROMETRICAL  TABLES. 


li 


duced  from  the  temperature  of  boiling  water  observed  at  each  station.  It  is 
only  necessary  to  find  the  barometric  pressures  which  correspond  to  those 
temperatures,  and  from  these  to  compute  the  difference  of  height  by  the 
tables  given  herein  for  computing  heights  from  barometric  observations. 

From  the  above,  it  may  be  seen  that  the  heights  determined  by  means 
of  the  temperature  of  boiling  water  are  less  reliable  than  those  deduced 
from  barometric  observations.  Both  derive  the  difference  of  altitude  from 
the  difference  of  atmospheric  pressure.  But  the  temperature  of  boiling 
water  is  a  less  accurate  measurement  of  the  atmospheric  pressure  than  is 
the  height  of  the  barometer.  In  the  present  state  of  thermometry  it  would 
hardly  be  safe,  indeed,  to  rely,  in  the  most  favorable  circumstances,  upon 
quantities  so  small  as  hundredths  of  a  degree,  even  when  the  thermometer 
has  been  constructed  with  the  utmost  care;  moreover,  the  quality  of  the 
glass  of  the  instrument,  the  form  and  substance  of  the  vessel  containing  the 
water,  the  purity  of  the  water  itself,  the  position  at  which  the  bulb  of  the 
thermometer  is  placed,  whether  in  the  current  of  the  steam  or  in  the  water, 
—  all  these  circumstances  cause  no  inconsiderable  variations  to  take  place 
in  the  indications  of  thermometers  observed  under  the  same  atmospheric 
pressure.  Owing  to  these  various  causes,  an  observation  of  the  boiling  point, 
differing  by  one-tenth  of  a  degree  from  the  true  temperature,  ought  to  be 
still  admitted  as  a  good  one.  Now,  as  the  tables  show,  an  error  of  one-tenth 
of  a  degree  Centigrade  in  the  temperature  of  boiling  water  would  cause 
an  error  of  2  millimeters  in  the  barometric  pressure,  or  of  from  70  to  80  feet 
in  the  final  result,  while  with  a  good  barometer  the  error  of  pressure  will 
hardly  ever  exceed  one-tenth  of  a  millimeter,  making  a  difference  of  3  feet 
in  altitude. 

Notwithstanding  these  imperfections,  the  hypsometric  thermometer  is 
of  the  greatest  utility  to  travellers  and  explorers  in  rough  countries,  on 
account  of  its  being  more  conveniently  transported  and  much  less  liable 
to  accidents  than  the  mercurial  barometer.  A  suitable  form  for  it,  designed 
by  Regnault  {Annates  de  Chimie  et  de  Physique ,  Tome  xiv,  p.  202),  consists 
of  an  accurate  thermometer  with  long  degrees,  subdivided  into  tenths. 
For  observation  the  bulb  is  placed  about  2  or  3  centimeters  above  the 
surface  of  the  water,  in  the  steam  arising  from  distilled  water  in  a  cylin¬ 
drical  vessel,  the  water  being  made  to  boil  by  a  spirit-lamp. 

TABLES  67,  68. 

Barometric  pressures  at  standard  gravity  corresponding  to  the  temperature 
of  boiling  water . 

Table  67.  English  Measures. 

Table  68.  Metric  Measures. 

Table  67  is  copied  directly  from  Table  70.  The  argument  is  the  tem¬ 
perature  of  boiling  water  for  every  tenth  of  a  degree  from  185^0  to  2I4?9 
Fahrenheit.  The  tabular  values  are  given  to  the  nearest  0.001  inch. 


lii 


INTRODUCTION. 


•  Table  68  is  copied  directly  from  Table  72.  The  argument  is  given  for 
every  tenth  of  a  degree  from  8o°o  to  100^9  C.  The  tabular  values  are  given 
to  the  nearest  0.01  mm. 

HYGROMETRICAL  TABLES. 

PRESSURE  OF  SATURATED  AQUEOUS  VAPOR. 

In  former  editions  of  these  tables  the  values  of  aqueous  vapor  pressures 
at  temperatures  between  —  290  and  ioo°  C.  were  based  upon  Broch’s  re¬ 
duction  of  the  classic  observations  of  Regnault.  ( Travaux  et  Memoir es 
du  Bureau  international  des  Poids  et  Mesures,  t.  I,  p.  A  19^39).  In  these 
computations  the  same  continuous  mathematical  function  was  employed 
to  calculate  the  values  of  vapor  pressure  both  above  and  below  the  point 
of  change  of  state  on  freezing.  This  resulted  in  a  systematic  disagreement 
between  observed  and  computed  vapor  pressures  below  the  freezing  point, 
and  confirmed  the  inference  from  the  laws  of  diffusion  following  from  the 
kinetic  theory  of  gases,  namely,  that  the  pressure  of  the  vapor  is  different  ac¬ 
cording  as  it  is  in  contact  with  its  liquid  or  its  solid. 

Seeking  to  remove  the  uncertainty  of  the  values  of  vapor  pressures  at 
temperatures  below  freezing,  Marvin  (Annual  Report  Chief  Signal  Officer, 
1891,  Appendix  No.  10)  made  direct  experimental  determinations  thereof, 
in  the  course  of  which  the  specimens  of  water  were  cooled  to  temperatures 
of  from  —  io°  to  —  12°  C.  while  still  retaining  the  liquid  state,  thus  af¬ 
fording  opportunity  for  measurements  of  vapor  pressure  over  ice  and  over 
water  at  various  temperatures  below  the  freezing  point.  The  results  of 
these  investigations,  confirmed  by  similar  independent  studies  by  Juhlin, 
were  printed  in  the  third  revised  edition  of  these  tables. 

Since  1907,  especially,  several  extended  series  1  of  entirely  new  deter¬ 
minations,  together  covering  the  whole  range  of  temperature  from  —  70°  C. 
to  +3740  C.,  have  been  made  at  the  Physikalische-Technischen  Reich  - 
sanstalt.  Because  of  the  elaborate  instrumental  means  available  and  the 
extreme  effort  to  eliminate  all  possible  errors  these  results  may  be  presumed 
to  represent  the  most  accurate  series  of  experimental  values  of  this  impor¬ 
tant  physical  datum  available  to  science. 

Hitherto  no  satisfactory  mathematical  equation  has  been  offered  ade¬ 
quate  to  give  computed  values  of  vapor  pressures  with  an  order  of  preci¬ 
sion  comparable  to  the  systematic  self  consistency  of  the  observations 

1  Scheel,  Karl  und  Heuse,  Wilhelm.  Bestimmung  des  Sattigungsdrucks  von  Wasser- 
dampf  unter  o°.  Annalen  der  Physik,  1909,  29:  723-737. 

Bestimmung  des  Sattigungsdrucks  von  Wasserdampf  zwischen  o°  und  +  50°.  Annalen 
der  Physik,  1910,  31:  715-736. 

Holborn,  L.  und  Henning,  F.  fiber  das  Platinthermometer  und  den  Sattigungsdruck 
des  Wasserdampfes  zwischen  50  und  200°.  Annalen  der  Physik,  1908,  26:  833-883. 

Holborn,  L.  und  Baumann,  A.  fiber  den  Sattigungsdruck  des  Wasserdampfes  oberhalb 
200°.  Annalen  der  Physik,  1910,  31:  945-970. 


HYGROMETRICAL  TABLES. 


liii 


themselves.  This  is  particularly  the  case  with  the  more  recent  data  over 
the  whole  range  of  temperature  from  o°  to  the  critical  temperature  at  about 
3740  Centigrade.  Two  remedies  have  been  utilized  to  overcome  this  diffi¬ 
culty.  First,  the  employment  of  separate  equations  of  interpolation  ad¬ 
justed  to  fit  the  observations  accurately  over  a  short  range  of  temperature, 
o°  to  ioo°  for  example,  as  in  the  case  of  Broch’s  computations.  (It  has  al¬ 
ready  been  mentioned  that  theory  requires  the  function  for  vapor  pressures 
over  ice  to  differ  from  the  one  for  pressures  over  water,  so  that  the  values 
for  ice  offer  no  difficulty.)  The  second  remedy  sometimes  employed  con¬ 
sists  in  fitting  any  reasonably  accurate  equation  as  closely  as  possible  to 
the  observations.  The  differences  between  the  observed  and  computed 
values  are  then  charted  and  a  smooth  curve  drawn  by  hand  through  the 
points  thus  located.  This  method  has  been  employed  notably  by  Henning1 
and  others,  using  an  empirical  equation  proposed  by  Thiesen. 

For  the  purpose  of  these  tables  it  has  been  found  possible  from  among 
a  multitude  of  equations  to  develop  a  modification  of  the  theoretical  equa¬ 
tion  of  Van  der  Waals  which  fits  the  whole  range  of  observations  much 
better  than  any  hitherto  offered  and  with  an  order  of  precision  quite  com¬ 
parable  to  the  data  itself.  In  fact,  the  equation  serves  to  disclose  incon¬ 
sistencies  in  the  observations,  more  particularly  between  50°  and  8o°  C., 
which  seem  to  suggest  the  need  for  further  experimental  determination  of 
values  possibly  over  the  range  between  o°  and  ioo°. 

Although  it  is  not  difficult  to  show,  as  Cederberg  2  has  done,  that  the 
simple  form  of  general  theoretical  equation  for  all  vapors  developed  by 
Van  der  Waals  is  inadequate  to  represent  experiments  on  water  vapor  with 
sufficient  accuracy  for  practical  requirements,  nevertheless  a  somewhat 
simple  elaboration  of  its  single  constant  suffices  to  remove  this  limitation 
in  a  very  satisfactory  manner. 

The  resulting  equation  is: 

log  e  =  log  T  -  [A  -  bX  +  mX'-nX 3  +  sX4]  ,  where X  =  -?~~  (i) 

The  quantity  within  the  square  brackets  in  this  equation  replaces  a  single 
term  of  the  Van  der  Waals  equation  which  was  regarded  by  him  as  a  con¬ 
stant. 

In  Van  der  Waals’s  original  equation  r  and  6  are  respectively  the 
critical  pressure  and  temperature  (absolute).  In  the  present  state  of  phy¬ 
sical  science,  and  from  the  very  nature  of  the  data,  these  quantities  cannot 
be  evaluated  exactly .  Moreover  it  is  unnecessary  to  do  so  for  the  mere  pur¬ 
pose  of  accurately  fitting  a  mathematical  curve  to  the  observational  data, 

1  Annalen  der  Physik,  1907,  22:  609-630. 

2  Cederberg,  Ivar  W.  Uber  eine  exakte  Dampfdruckberechnungsmethode.  Physik. 

Zeitschr.  xv :  697,  1914;  Uber  die  Temperaturabhangigkeit  einiger  physikalischen  Eigen- 

schaften  des  Wassers  in  seinen  vershiedenen  Aggregatzustanden.  Physik.  Zeitschr.  xv: 
824,  1914. 


liv 


INTRODUCTION. 


because  the  same  result  is  attained  by  simply  passing  the  curve  through  a 
point  more  accurately  known  and  as  near  as  may  be  to  the  critical  point. 
This  is  equivalent  to  defining  7 r  and  6  by  an  “ equation  of  condition.” 
Another  “equation  of  condition  ”  fixes  the  pressure  at  the  boiling  point  which 
by  definition  must  be  760  mm.  From  the  considerations  given  on  page  xi 
computations  are  greatly  facilitated  by  taking  all  temperatures  on  the 
approximate  absolute  scale  represented  by  T  =  273  t°. 

A  careful  preliminary  analysis  of  the  observational  data  in  the  vicin¬ 
ity  of  the  critical  temperature  resulted  in  assigning  values  to  6  and  7 r  as 
follows: 

6  =  643°,  log.  7 r  =  5-1959000 

It  is  emphasized  here  again  that  these  data  do  not  represent  critical  tem¬ 
perature  conditions,  but  simply  a  convenient  point  on  the  pressure  curve 
slightly  below  the  critical  temperature,  the  value  of  which  is  fixed  with 
considerable  accuracy  by  the  observational  data. 

The  value  of  the  constant  A  was  fixed  by  the  equation  of  condition, 
e  —  760  mm.  when  T  =  373  ( X  =  —  8).  The  remaining  constants  (b,  m, 
n,  s)  are  computed  by  the  method  of  least  squares.  The  results  are  as  fol¬ 
lows  : 

A  =  3.1473172 
b  =  .00295944 
m  =  .0004191398 
n  =  .0000001829924 
5  =  .00000008243516 

The  number  of  significant  figures  in  the  constants  is  obviously  greater 
than  the  accuracy  of  the  data  justifies;  but  is  justified  to  facilitate  compu¬ 
tation  and  to  secure  accuracy  in  the  interpolation  of  values  which  should 
themselves  be  as  accurate  as  the  data. 

Thiesen1 *  has  shown  that  the  observed  values  of  vapor  pressure  over  ice 
can  be  reproduced  by  the  equation 

Log  e  =  log  eQ  +  9-632  (1  -  0.00035/)  y 
where  eQ  =  4.5785,  and  T  =  273  +  /. 

For  convenience  in  computing  this  equation,  for  metric  units  it  may  be 
written 

T  ,,  ,  /9- 632  -  0.0033712 1\  .  ,  N 

Log  e  =  0.66072  +  ^  -2  +/  - )  t-  (2) 

For  English  units  the  equation  becomes 

Log  0  -  Losssss+f  6’'”-;”;^8’1')  («.  -  30).  (3) 

/  =  degrees  Centigrade;  /,  =  degrees  Fahrenheit. 

1  Thiesen  M.  Die  Dampfspannung  iiber  Eis.  (Mitteilung  aus  der  Physikalisch-Tech- 

nischen  Reichsanstalt.)  Annalen  der  Physik,  1909 ;  29:  1057. 


HYGROMETRICAL  TABLES.  lv 

The  vapor  pressures  in  the  tables  here  given  are  expressed  in  standard 
manometric  units. 

TA3LE  69. 

Table  69.  Pressure  of  aqueous  vapor  over  ice.  English  measures. 

The  pressures,  computed  by  equation  (3)  above,  are  given  to  0.00001 
inch  for  each  degree  of  temperature  from  —  6o°  to  —  150,  for  each  half 
degree  from  —  15  to  ±o°,  and  for  each  tenth  of  a  degree  from  ±o°o  to 
+  32  °o. 

TABLE  70. 

Table  70.  Pressure  of  aqueous  vapor  over  water.  English  measures. 

This  table  has  been  computed  by  converting  Table  72  into  English 
units.  The  temperature  argument  is  given  for  every  o?i  from  32^0  to  214^9 
F.  The  vapor  pressures  are  to  0.0001  inch  from  32^0  to  130^9,  F.,  and  to 
0.001  inch  from  130^0  to  214^9  F. 

TABLE  71. 

Table  71.  Pressure  of  aqueous  vapor  over  ice.  Metric  measures. 

The  pressures,  computed  by  equation  (2)  above,  are  given  to  the  near¬ 
est  0.0001  mm.  for  each  degree  of  temperature  from  —  70°  to  —  50°,  for 
each  half  degree  from  —  50°  to  —  350,  and  each  tenth  of  a  degree  from 
—  35?o  to  ±  o°o. 

TABLE  72. 

Table  72.  Pressure  of  aqueous  vapor  over  water.  Metric  measures. 

The  pressures,  computed  by  equation  (1)  above,  are  given  for  each 
tenth  of  a  degree  to  0.001  mm.  from  o°o  to  50^9,  and  too°oi  mm.  from  50°o 
to  ioo?9.  They  are  given  for  each  degree  to  0.1  mm.  from  ioo°  to  189°,  and 
in  millimeters  from  190°  to  374°. 

TABLES  73,  74. 

Table  73.  Weight  of  cubic  foot  of  saturated  aqueous  vapor  —  English  meas¬ 
ures. 

Table  74.  Weight  of  a  cubic  meter  of  saturated  aqueous  vapor — Metric 
measures. 

For  many  years  it  has  been  customary  to  assume  that  the  specific 
gravity  of  water  vapor  relative  to  dry  air  is  a  constant  whose  theoretical 
value  computed  from  the  accurately  known  densities  of  its  constituent  gases 
is  0.622 1.  Direct  experimental  determinations  of  the  specific  volume  of  dry 
saturated  steam  (as  yet  but  few  observations  are  available  at  moderate 
temperatures)  show  conclusively  (1)  that  this  theoretical  specific  gravity  is 
true  only  for  saturated  vapor  at  very  low  temperatures  or  when  the  vapor 
is  in  a  very  attenuated  state  of  partial  saturation ;  (2)  that  at  increasingly 
higher  temperatures  the  specific  gravity  is  increasingly  greater  than  0.6221. 
These  assertions  are  in  accord  with  the  values  of  weight  per  cubic  foot  of 


lvi 


INTRODUCTION. 


water  vapor  tabulated  by  Marks  &  Davis  1  from  the  most  recent  determina¬ 
tions  of  the  specific  volume  of  water  vapor.  However,  owing  to  the  paucity 
of  data,  and  its  inaccuracy  for  the  range  of  atmospheric  temperatures  and 
conditions,  the  values  derived  from  densities  given  by  Marks  and  Davis 
between  io°  and  50°  are  probably  too  low  and  require  revision.  The  basis  on 
which  this  assertion  is  made  is  the  generalization  that  the  theoretical  value 
0.6221  is  probably  a  minimum  specific  gravity  towards  which  actual  values 
asymptotically  tend  at  low  temperature  and  low  relative  humidity  in  the 
meteorological  sense,  or  high  super  heats  in  the  steam  engineering  sense. 
This  generalization  affords  a  very  helpful  “control”  in  harmonizing  and 
combining  experimental  determinations  of  specific  volume.  It  was  thus 
employed  in  a  recomputation,  from  the  original  experimental  data  on  speci¬ 
fic  volumes,  of  the  accompanying  table  of  specific  gravities,  8,  of  saturated 
water  vapor. 


T.  (C°) 

8 

T.  (C°) 

s 

-  60 

0.6226 

60 

0.6273 

50 

0.6227 

70 

0.6283 

40 

0.6229 

80 

0.6296 

30 

0 . 6230 

90 

0.6311 

20 

0.6232 

100 

0.6329 

-  10 

0.6235 

no 

0.6351 

±  0 

0.6238 

120 

0.6377 

+  10 

0.6241 

130 

O . 6408 

20 

0.6246 

140 

O.6446 

30 

0.6251 

150 

O.649I 

40 

0.6257 

160 

0.6545 

50 

0 . 6264 

170 

O . 6609 

180 

O.6687 

The  weight  of  a  cubic  meter  of  saturated  vapor  is  given  by  the  expression 

W  =  ab  -  •  — 

I  +  at  760’ 

a  is  the  weight  of  a  cubic  meter  of  dry  air  (free  from  carbonic  acid) 
at  temperature  o°  C.t  and  pressure  of  760  millimeters  of  mercury 
of  standard  density  under  standard  gravity:  a  =  1.29278  kg. 
(Bureau  International  des  Poids  et  Mesures:  Travaux  et  Memoires, 
t.  I,  p.  A  54.) 

8  is  the  density  of  aqueous  vapor  relative  to  dry  air:  5  =  0.6221. 
While,  as  stated  above,  there  is  reason  for  believing  that  this  value  is  too 
low,  for  atmospheric  temperatures  the  error  is  less  than  one  per  cent.  For 
practical  work  in  meteorology  and  at  moderate  temperatures,  it  seems  best 
to  retain  the  theoretical  value  until  the  actual  value  has  been  determined 

1  Marks,  Lionel  S.,  and  Davis,  Harvey  N.  Tables  and  diagrams  of  the  thermal  properties 
of  saturated  and  superheated  steam.  New  York,  1909. 


HYGROMETRICAL  TABLES. 


lvii 


with  greater  accuracy.  For  all  important  calculations  except  those  at  low 
temperatures  the  values  of  8  in  the  Table  on  page  lvi  should  be  employed. 
e  is  the  pressure  of  saturated  aqueous  vapor  at  temperature  t,  taken 
from  Tables  71  and  72. 

a  is  the  coefficient  of  expansion  of  air  for  i°  C.:  a  =  0.003670. 

/  is  the  temperature  in  Centigrade  degrees. 

Whence  we  have 

W  (grams)  =  1.05821  X  — 7 - - — 7 — v 

'  0  1  +  0.003670 1 


Table  74  is  computed  from  this  formula  and  gives  the  weight  of  satu¬ 
rated  vapor  in  grams  in  a  cubic  meter  for  dew-points  from  —  290  to  +  40°9 
C .,  the  intervals  from  6°  to  40^9  C.,  being  o°i  C.  The  tabular  values  are 
given  to  three  decimals. 

The  weight  Wx  of  a  cubic  foot  of  saturated  vapor  is  obtained  by  convert¬ 
ing  the  foregoing  constants  into  English  measures. 

The  weight  of  a  cubic  foot  of  dry  air  at  temperature  32°F.  and  at  a 
pressure  of  760  mm.  or  29.921  inches  is 


ai  (grains)  = 


129278  x  1543235 
(3.280833) 3 


56494. 


We  have  therefore, 


IVi  (grains)  = 


aid 

29.921 


X 


_ ei _ 

I  +  ai  (/1  -  32°) 


11-7459 


_ e± _ 

1  +  0.002039  (h  -32°) 


The  temperature  tx  is  expressed  in  degrees  Fahrenheit;  the  vapor 
pressure  eIf  expressed  in  inches,  is  obtained  from  Tables  69  and  70. 

Table  73  gives  the  weight  of  saturated  aqueous  vapor  in  grains  per 
cubic  foot  for  dew  points  given  to  every  degree  from  —  30°  to  +  20°,  to 
each  half  degree  from  +  20°  to  +  70°,  and  for  every  o°2  from  70^0  to 
H9°8  F,  the  values  being  computed  to  the  thousandth  of  a  grain. 


REDUCTION  OF  OBSERVATIONS  WITH  THE  PSYCHROMETER  AND 
DETERMINATION  OF  RELATIVE  HUMIDITY. 

The  psychrometric  formula  derived  by  Maxwell,  Stefan,  August, 
Regnault  and  others  is,  in  its  simplest  form, 

e=e'-AB  (*-/'), 
in  which  t  =  Air  temperature. 

t’  =  Temperature  of  the  wet-bulb  thermometer. 
e  =  Pressure  of  aqueous  vapor  in  the  air. 
e’  =  Vapor  pressure,  saturated,  at  temperature  t' . 

B  =  Barometric  pressure. 

A  =  A  quantity  which,  for  the  same  instrument  and  for  certain 
conditions,  is  a  constant,  or  a  function  depending  in  a 
small  measure  on  t' . 


lviii 


INTRODUCTION. 


All  pressures  are  expressed  in  heights  of  mercurial  column  under  stan¬ 
dard  gravity. 

The  important  advance  made  since  the  time  of  Regnault  consists  in 
recognizing  that  the  value  of  A  differs  materially  according  to  whether  the 
wet-bulb  is  in  quiet  or  moving  air.  This  was  experimentally  demonstrated 
by  the  distinguished  Italian  physicist,  Belli,  in  1830,  and  was  well  known 
to  Espy,  who  always  used  a  whirled  psychrometer.  The  latter  ’  describes 
his  practice  as  follows:  “When  experimenting  to  ascertain  the  dew-point 
by  means  of  the  wet-bulb,  I  always  swung  both  thermometers  moderately 
in  the  air,  having  first  ascertained  that  a  moderate  movement  produced 
the  same  depression  as  a  rapid  one.” 

The  principles  and  methods  of  these  two  pioneers  in  accurate  psychrom- 
etry  have  now  come  to  be  adopted  in  the  standard  practice  of  meteorolo¬ 
gists,  and  psychrometric  tables  are  adapted  to  the  use  of  a  whirled  or  ven¬ 
tilated  instrument. 

The  factor  A  depends  in  theory  upon  the  size  and  shape  of  the  ther¬ 
mometer  bulb,  largeness  of  stem  and  velocity  of  ventilation,  and  different 
formulae  and  tables  would  accordingly  be  required  for  different  instruments. 
But  by  using  a  ventilating  velocity  of  three  meters  or  more  per  second,  the 
differences  in  the  results  given  by  different  instruments  vanish,  and  the 
same  tables  can  be  adapted  to  any  kind  of  a  thermometer  and  to  all  changes 
of  velocity  above  that  which  gives  sensibly  the  greatest  depression  of  the 
wet-bulb  temperature;  and  with  this  arrangement  there  is  no  necessity  to 
measure  or  estimate  the  velocity  in  each  case  further  than  to  be  certain  that 
it  does  not  fall  below  the  assigned  limit. 

The  formula  and  tables  here  given  for  obtaining  the  vapor  pressure 
and  dew-point  from  observations  of  the  whirled  or  ventilated  psychrom¬ 
eter  are  those  deduced  by  Prof.  Wm.  Ferrel  {Annual  Report  Chief 
Signal  Officer ,  1886,  Appendix  24)  from  a  discussion  of  a  large  number  of 
observations. 

Taking  the  psychrometric  formula  in  metric  units,  pressures  being 
expressed  in  millimeters  and  temperatures  in  centigrade  degrees,  Prof.  Ferrel 
derived  for  A  the  value 

A  =  0.000656  (1  +  0.0019  t'). 

In  this  expression  for  A,  the  factor  depending  on  t'  arises  from  a  similar 
term  in  the  expression  for  the  latent  heat  of  water,  and  the  theoretical  value 
of  the  coefficient  of  t'  is  0.001 15.  Since  it  would  require  a  very  small  change 
in  the  method  of  observing  to  cause  the  difference  between  the  theoretical 
value  and  that  obtained  from  the  experiments,  Prof.  Ferrel  adopted  the 
theoretical  coefficient  0.001 15  and  then  recomputed  the  observations,  ob¬ 
taining  therefrom  the  final  value 

A  =  0.000660  (I  +0.001 15  0. 


HYGROMETRICAL  TABLES. 


lix 


With  this  value  the  psychrometric  formula  in  metric  measures  becomes 
e  =  e'  —  0.000660  B  (t  —  /')  (1  +  0.001 15  t'). 

Expressed  in  English  measures,  the  formula  is 

e  =  e'  -  0.000367  B  (t  -  t')  [1  +  0.00064  (P'  -  320)] 

=  e’-  0.000367  .B  0  -  /')  ( 1  + 

in  which  e  =  Vapor  pressure  in  inches. 

e'  —  Pressure  of  saturated  aqueous  vapor  at  temperature  t'. 
t  =  Temperature  of  the  air  in  Fahrenheit  degrees. 

/'  =  Temperature  of  the  wet-bulb  thermometer  in  Fahrenheit 
degrees. 

B  =  Barometric  pressure  in  inches. 

TABLE  75. 

Table  75.  Reduction  of  Psychrometric  Observations  —  English  measures. 

Values  of  e  =  e'  —  0.000367  B  (t  —  t')  1  +  ^ 

This  table  provides  for  computing  the  vapor  pressure,  e ,  from  obser¬ 
vations  of  ventilated  wet-  and  dry-bulb  Fahrenheit  thermometers.  From 
the  vapor  pressure  thus  computed  the  dew-point  and  relative  humidity  of 
the  atmosphere  may  be  obtained. 

The  tabular  values  of  the  vapor  pressure,  e ,  are  computed  for  degree 
intervals  of  t*  from  —  20°  to  + 1  io°  F.  Below  +  io°  the  interval  for  t  —  t' 
is  o°2,  and  above  io°  the  interval  is  i°.  The  computation  has  been  made  for 
B  =  30.0  inches,  but  at  the  bottom,  and  usually,  also,  at  the  top  of  each 
page  of  the  table  is  given  a  correction,  Ae  X  A B,  computed  for  B  =  29.0 
inches  or  A B  =  1  inch,  and  for  the  value  of  t'  indicated.  The  correction  is  a 
linear  function  of  A B.  For  atmospheric  pressures  less  than  30.0  inches,  it 
is  to  be  added  to  the  tabular  values  of  e,  while  for  atmospheric  pressures 
greater  than  30.0  inches  it  is  to  be  subtracted. 

The  values  of  e  are  given  to  0.0001  inch  for  t'  less  than  io°,  and  to  0.001 
inch  for  t'  greater  than  io°. 

Examples : 

1.  Given,  t  =  84?3 ;  t'  =  66°.J,  and  B=  30.00  inches.  With  t'  =  66°j 
and  t—t'  =  I7°6  as  arguments,  Table  75  gives  for  e  the  value 
0.462  inch.  On  page  174,  for  t  —  t'  =  o°o  it  is  seen  that  a  vapor  pres- 
ure  of  0.462  inch  corresponds  to  a  temperature  t'  =  t  =  570,  which 
is  the  saturation,  or  dew-point  temperature  for  the  data  given. 

2.  Given,  t  =  34°5;  t' =  29?4;  B  =  22.3  inches.  With  t'  =  294  and 
t  —  t'  =  5°i  as  arguments,  Table  75  gives  for  e  the  value  0.104. 

A B  =  30.0  -  22.3  =  7.7,  and  Ae  X  AB  =  0.0018  X  7.7  =  0.014. 
Correct  value  of  e  =0.118  inch. 


lx 


INTRODUCTION. 


For  t  —  tf  =  o°o  a  vapor  pressure  of  0.118  inch  corresponds  to  a  tem¬ 
perature  /'  =  t  =  230  (see  page  1 74) ,  which  is  the  saturation  or  dew¬ 
point  temperature  for  the  data  given. 

Table  76.  Relative  humidity —  Temperature  Fahrenheit. 

The  table  gives  the  vapor  pressure  corresponding  to  air  temperatures 
from  —  30°  to  +120°  at  degree  intervals  (side  argument)  and  for  percen¬ 
tages  of  saturation  at  10  per  cent  intervals  (top  argument).  It  is  computed 
from  the  formula 

e  =  es  X  relative  humidity, 

where  es  is  the  saturation  vapor  pressure  at  the  given  air  temperature.  Below 
a  temperature  of  20°  the  values  of  e  are  given  to  0.0001  inch;  above  20° 
they  are  given  to  0.001  inch. 

Examples: 

1.  In  dew-point  example  1,  above,  the  computed  vapor  pressure  is 
0.462  inch.  Entering  Table  76  with  air  temperature  84°3  as  side 
argument,  we  obtain  vapor  pressure 

0.356  inch  =  relative  humidity  30 


and 

0.462  inch  —  0.356  inch  =  0.106  inch  = 

“  2?  = 
10 

9 

therefore,  vapor  pressure 

— 

0.462  inch  with  t  —  84°3  F.  — 

n 

39 

In  dew-point  example  2,  above,  the  computed 

vapor  pressure  is 

0.118  inch.  Entering  Table  76  with  air  temperature  34.5  as 

side 

argument,  we  obtain,  vapor  pressure 

0.100  inch  =  relative  humidity 

50 

and 

0.118  inch  —0.100  inch  =0.018  inch  =  “ 

“  90  = 

9 

10 

therefore,  vapor  pressure 

— 

0.118  inch  with  t=  34.5  F.  —  “ 

11 

59 

Reduction  of  Psychrometric  Observations  —  Metric  measures. 

Table  77.  Values  of  e  =  e'  —  0.000660  B  (t  —  t')  (1  +  0.00115  /') 

This  table  provides  for  computing  the  vapor  pressure  from  observations 
of  ventilated  wet-  and  dry-bulb  Centigrade  thermometers.  From  the  vapor 
pressure  thus  computed  the  dew-point  and  relative  humidity  of  the  at¬ 
mosphere  may  be  obtained. 

The  tabular  values  of  the  vapor  pressure,  e ,  are  computed  for  degree 
intervals  of  t'  from  —  30°  to  +  450  C.  Below  —  5°o  the  interval  for  /  —  t ' 


HYGROMETICAL  TABLES. 


lxi 


is  o°i,  and  above  —  5°o  the  interval  is  i°.  The  computation  has  been  made 
for  B  =  760  mm.  but  on  each  page  of  the  table  is  given  a  correction, 
Ae  X  A B,  computed  for  B  =  660,  or  A P  =  100  mm.,  and  for  the  values 
of  t '  indicated.  The  correction  is  a  linear  function  of  A B.  For  atmospheric 
pressures  less  than  760  mm.  it  is  to  be  added  to  the  tabular  values  of  e, 
while  for  atmospheric  pressures  greater  than  760  mm.  it  is  to  be  subtracted. 
The  values  of  e  are  given  to  0.001  mm.  for  tf  less  than  —  5?o,  and  to  0.01 
mm.  for  t’  greater  than  —  5?o. 


Example : 

Given,  t  =  104  C.;  t'  =  8°3  C.,  and  B  =  740  mm.  With  t'  =  8?3  and 
t  —  if  —  2°.i  as  arguments,  Table  77  gives  for  e  the  value  7.15  mm. 

760  —  740 

A B  =  - —  =  0.2.  Ae  X  AB  =  0.14  X  0.2  =  0.03. 

100 

Corrected  value  of  e  =7.18  mm. 

For  t  —  t'  =  o  a  vapor  pressure  of  7.18  mm.  corresponds  to  a  tempera¬ 
ture  t'  =  t  =  6°3  C.,  which  is  the  saturation,  or  dew-point  tempera¬ 
ture  for  the  data  given. 

TABLE  78. 


Table  78.  Relative  humidity — Temperature  Centigrade. 


This  table  gives  the  vapor  pressure  corresponding  to  air  temperatures 
from  —  450  C.  to  +  550  C.  at  degree  intervals  (side  argument)  and  for  per¬ 
centage  of  saturation  at  10  per  cent  intervals  (top  argument).  It  is  com¬ 
puted  from  the  same  formula  as  Table  76,  namely, 
e  =  es  X  relative  humidity. 

Below  a  temperature  of  +  5?o  the  values  of  e  are  given  to  0.01  mm. ; 
above  5°o  they  are  given  to  0.1  mm. 


Example: 

In  the  dew-point  example  given  above,  the  computed  vapor  pressure 
is  7.18  mm.  Entering  Table  78  with  air  temperature  10.4  as  side  ar¬ 
gument,  we  obtain  vapor  pressure 

6.6  mm.  =  relative  humidity  70 

and 

7.18  —  6.6  =  0.58  mm.  = 

therefore,  vapor  pressure 

7.18  mm.  with  t  =  10.4  C.  = 

TABLE  79. 

T  able  79 .  Rate  of  decrease  of  vapor  pressure  with  altitude  for  mountain  stations. 

From  hygrometric  observations  made  at  various  mountain  stations  on 
the  Himalayas,  Mount  Ararat,  Teneriffe,  and  the  Alps,  Dr.  J.  Hann 
{Lehrbuch  der  Meteor ologie  Dritte  Auflage ,  S.  230)  has  deduced  the  fol¬ 
lowing  empirical  formula  showing  the  average  relation  between  the  vapor 


lxii 


INTRODUCTION. 


pressure  eQ  at  a  lower  station  and  e  the  vapor  pressure  at  another  station 
at  an  altitude  h  meters  above  it : 

—  =  IO  6.300. 

Co 

This  is  of  course  an  average  relation  for  all  times  and  places  from  which 
the  actual  rate  of  decrease  of  vapor  pressure  in  any  individual  case  may 
widely  differ. 

c 

Table  79  gives  the  values  of  the  ratio  —  for  values  of  h  from  200  to 

Co 

6000  meters.  An  additional  column  gives  the  equivalent  values  of  h  in  feet. 

REDUCTION  OF  SNOWFALL  MEASUREMENT. 

The  determination  of  the  water  equivalent  of  snowfall  has  usually  been 
made  by  one  of  two  methods:  ( a )  by  dividing  the  depth  of  snow  by  an  ar¬ 
bitrary  factor  ranging  from  8  to  16  for  snow  of  different  degrees  of  com¬ 
pactness;  (b)  by  melting  the  snow  and  measuring  the  depth  of  the  resulting 
water.  The  first  of  these  methods  has  always  been  recognized  as  incapable 
of  giving  reliable  results,  and  the  second,  although  much  more  accurate, 
is  still  open  to  objection.  After  extended  experience  in  the  trial  of  both  these 
methods,  it  has  been  found  that  the  most  accurate  and  most  convenient 
measurement  is  that  of  weighing  the  collected  snow,  and  then  converting 
the  weight  into  depth  in  inches.  The  method  is  equally  applicable  whether 
the  snow  as  it  falls  is  caught  in  the  gage,  or  a  section  of  the  fallen  snow  is 
taken  by  collecting  it  in  an  inverted  gage. 

Table  so.  Depth  of  water  corresponding  to  the  weight  of  a  cylindrical  snow 
core ,  2.655  inches  in  diameter. 

This  table  is  prepared  for  convenience  in  making  surveys  of  the  snow 
layer  on  the  ground,  particularly  in  the  western  mountain  sections  of  the 
country.  The  weighing  method  is  the  only  one  found  to  be  practicable. 
Present  Weather  Bureau  practice  is  to  take  out  a  sample  by  means  of  a 
special  tube,  whose  diameter,  2.655  inches,  has  been  selected  by  reason  of 
convenience  in  manipulation  and  simplicity  in  relation  to  the  pound. 
Table  80  gives  the  depth  of  water  in  inches  and  hundredths  corresponding 
to  given  weights.  The  argument  is  given  in  hundredths  of  a  pound  from 
0.01  pound  to  2.99  pounds. 

Table  81.  Depth  of  water  corresponding  to  the  weight  of  snow  (or  rain)  col¬ 
lected  in  an  8 -inch  gage. 

The  table  gives  the  depth  to  hundredths  of  an  inch,  corresponding  to 
the  weight  of  snow  or  rain  collected  in  a  gage  having  a  circular  collecting 
mouth  8  inches  in  diameter  —  this  being  the  standard  size  of  gage  used 
throughout  the  United  States. 


GEODETICAL  TABLES. 


lxiii 


The  argument  is  given  in  hundredths  of  a  pound  from  o.oi  pound  to 
0.99  pound.  When  the  weight  of  the  collected  snow  or  rain  is  one  pound  or 
more,  the  depth  corresponding  to  even  pounds  may  be  obtained  from  the 
equivalent  of  one  pound  given  in  the  heading  of  the  table. 

Example : 

The  weight  of  the  snow  collected  in  a  gage  having  a  circular  collecting 
mouth  8  inches  in  diameter  is  348  pounds.  Find  the  correspond¬ 
ing  depth  of  water. 

A  weight  of  3  lbs.  corresponds  to  a  depth  of  water  of 


0-5507  X  3,  equals  1.65  in. 

A  weight  of  0.48  lbs.  corresponds  to  a  depth  of  water  of  0.26 

A  “  “  3.48  “  “  “  “  “  1.91  in. 

Table  82.  Quantity  of  rainfall  corresponding  to  given  depths .  table  82. 


This  table  gives  for  different  depths  of  rainfall  in  inches  over  an  acre 
the  total  quantity  of  water  expressed  in  cubic  inches,  cubic  feet,  gallons, 
and  tons.  (See  Henry,  A.  J.  “Quantity  of  Rainfall  corresponding  to  Given 
Depths.”  Monthly  Weather  Review ,  1898,  26:  408-09.) 

GEODETICAL  TABLES. 

Table  83.  Value  of  apparent  gravity  on  the  earth  at  sea  level.1  table  33. 

The  value  of  apparent  gravity  on  the  earth  at  sea  level  is  given  for 
every  twenty  minutes  of  latitude  from  50  to  86°,  and  for  degree  intervals 
near  the  equator  and  the  poles.  It  is  computed  to  0.001  dyne  from  the  equa¬ 
tion  2 

gfi  =  978.039  (1  +  0.005294  sin2  —  0.000007  sin2  2  <f>) 

=  980.621  (1  —  0.002640  cos2<£  +  0.000007  cos2  2  </>) 
in  which  g $  is  the  value  of  the  gravity  at  latitude  0. 

The  second  form  of  the  equation  is  the  more  convenient  for  the  com¬ 
putation. 

TABLE  84. 

Table  84.  Relative  acceleration  of  gravity  at  sea  level  at  different  latitudes. 

The  formula  adopted  for  the  variation  with  latitude  of  apparent  gravity 
at  sea  level  is  that  of  the  U.S.  Coast  and  Geodetic  Survey,  given  above. 

a. 

The  table  gives  the  values  of  the  ratio - to  six  decimals  for  every  ior 

£45° 

of  latitude  from  the  equator  to  the  pole. 

1  Gravity  is  here  considered  in  terms  of  force  (expressed  in  dynes)  that  is  exerted  on 
a  mass  of  one  gram  rather  than  its  numerical  equivalent,  acceleration  (expressed  in  cen¬ 
timeters  and  seconds),  for  which  there  is  no  convenient  expression. 

2  See  Bowie,  William,  Investigations  of  Gravity  and  Isostasy.  U.S.  Coast  and  Geodetic 
Survey,  Special  Publication  No.  40,  1917,  page  134. 


lxiv 


INTRODUCTION. 


LENGTH  OF  A  DEGREE  OF  THE  MERIDIAN  AND  OF  ANY  PARALLEL. 

The  dimensions  of  the  earth  used  in  computing  lengths  of  the  meridian 
and  of  parallels  of  latitude  are  those  of  Clarke’s  spheroid  of  1866.1  This 
spheroid  undoubtedly  represents  very  closely  the  true  size  and  shape  of  the 
earth,  and  is  the  one  to  which  nearly  all  geodetic  work  in  the  United  States 
is  now  referred. 

The  values  of  the  constants  are  as  follows: 

a,  semi-major  axis  =  20926062  feet;  log  a  =  7.3206875. 
bj  semi-minor  axis  =  20855121  feet;  log  b  =  7.3192 127. 

e2  =  a  J?-  =  0.00676866  ;  log  e2  =  7.8305030  -  10. 

With  these  values  for  the  figure  of  the  earth,  the  formula  for  comput¬ 
ing  any  portion  of  a  quadrant  of  the  meridian  is 

Meridional  distance  in  feet  =  [5.5618284]  A0  (in  degrees), 

—  [5.0269880]  cos  2  0  sin  A 0, 

+  [2.0528]  cos  4  0  sin  2  A 0, 
in  which  20  =  fa  +  4>  1,  A0  =  fa  —  fa;  fa,  fa  =end  latitudes  of  arc. 

For  the  length  of  1  degree,  the  formula  becomes: 

I  degree  of  the  meridian,  in  feet  =  364609.9  —  1857.1  cos  2  0+  3.94  cos  4  0. 
The  length  of  the  parallel  is  given  by  the  equation 

1  degree  of  the  parallel  at  latitude  0,  in  feet  = 

365538.48  cos  0  -  310.17  cos  3  0  +  0.39  cos  5  0. 

Table  85.  Length  of  one  degree  of  the  meridian  at  different  latitudes. 

This  gives  for  every  degree  of  latitude  the  length  of  one  degree  of  the 
meridian  in  statute  miles  to  three  decimals,  in  meters  to  one  decimal,  and 
in  geographic  miles  to  three  decimals  —  the  geographic  mile  being  here  de¬ 
fined  to  be  one  minute  of  arc  on  the  equator.  The  values  in  meters  are  com¬ 
puted  from  the  relation:  1  meter  =  39.3700  inches.  The  tabular  values  rep¬ 
resent  the  length  of  an  arc  of  one  degree,  the  middle  of  which  is  situated 
at  the  corresponding  latitude.  For  example,  the  length  of  an  arc  of  one 
degree  of  the  meridian,  whose  end  latitudes  are  290  30'  and  30°  30',  is 
68.879  statute  miles. 

Table  86.  Length  of  one  degree  of  the  parallel  at  different  latitudes. 

This  table  is  similar  to  Table  85. 

1  Comparisons  of  Standards  of  Length ,  made  at  the  Ordnance  Survey  Office,  South¬ 

ampton,  England,  by  Capt.  A.  R.  Clarke,  R.  E.,  1866. 


GEODETICAL  TABLES. 


Ixv 

TABLE  87. 

Table  87.  Duration  of  sunshine  at  different  latitudes  for  different  values  of 
the  sun's  declination. 

z  Let  Z  be  the  zenith,  and  NH  the  hori¬ 

zon  of  a  place  in  the  northern  hemi¬ 
sphere. 

P  the  pole; 

QEQ'  the  celestial  equator; 

RR'  the  parallel  described  by  the  sun  on 
any  given  day; 

S  the  position  of  the  sun  when  its  upper 
limb  appears  on  the  horizon ; 

PN  the  latitude  of  the  place,  0. 

ST  the  sun’s  declination,  8. 

PS  the  sun’s  polar  distance,  90°  —  8. 

ZS  the  sun’s  zenith  distance,  z. 

ZPS  the  hour  angle  of  the  sun  from  meridian,  t. 

r  the  mean  horizontal  refraction  =  34'  approximately, 
j  the  mean  solar  semi-diameter  =16'  “ 

z  =  90°  +  r  +  s  =  go°  50' 

In  the  spherical  traingle  ZPS ,  the  hour  angle  ZPS  may  be  computed 
from  the  values  of  the  three  known  sides  by  the  formula 


sin  \ 


1  ZPS  —  i /s*n  2  (ZS  -f-  PZ  —  PS)  sin  \  ( ZS  T  PS  —  PZ) 
'  sin  PZ  sin  PS 


or 


sin  J  t  =  y/- 


sin  J  (z 


8  </>)  sin  ^  (z  —  8  T0 ) 

cos  0  cos  8 


The  hour  angle  t,  converted  into  mean  solar  time  and  multiplied  by  2 
is  the  duration  of  sunshine. 

Table  87  has  been  computed  for  this  volume  by  Prof.  Wm.  Libbey,  Jr. 
It  is  a  table  of  double  entry  with  arguments  8  and  0.  For  north  latitudes 
northerly  declination  is  considered  positive  and  southerly  declination  as 
negative.  The  table  may  be  used  for  south  latitudes  by  considering  south¬ 
erly  declination  as  positive  and  northerly  declination  as  negative. 

The  top  argument  is  the  latitude,  given  for  every  50  from  o°  to  40°,  for 
every  20  from  40°  to  6o°,  and  for  every  degree  from  6o°  to  8o°. 

The  side  argument  is  the  sun’s  declination  for  every  20'  from  5  230  27' 
to  N  230  27'. 

The  duration  of  sunshine  is  given  in  hours  and  minutes. 

To  find  the  duration  of  sunshine  for  a  given  day  at  a  place  whose  lati¬ 
tude  is  known,  find  the  declination  of  the  sun  at  mean  noon  for  that  day 
in  the  Nautical  Almanac ,  and  enter  the  table  with  the  latitude  and  declina¬ 
tion  as  arguments. 


INTRODUCTION. 


lxvi 

Example : 

To  find  the  duration  of  sunshine,  May  18,  1892,  in  latitude  490  30' 
North. 

From  the  Nautical  Almanac,  8  =  190  43'  N. 

From  the  table,  with  5  =  19°  43'  N  and  =  490  30',  the  duration  of 
sunshine  is  found  to  be  15^  31™. 

Table  88.  Declination  of  the  sun  for  the  year  1899. 

This  table  is  an  auxiliary  to  Table  87,  and  gives  the  declination  of  the 
sun  for  every  third  day  of  the  year  1899.  These  declinations  may  be  used 
as  approximate  values  for  the  corresponding  dates  of  other  years  when  the 
exact  declination  cannot  readily  be  obtained.  Thus,  in  the  preceding  ex¬ 
ample,  the  declination  for  May  18,  1892,  may  be  taken  as  approximately 
the  same  as  that  for  the  same  date  in  1899,  viz.  190  37'. 

THE  DURATION  OF  TWILIGHT. 

A  review  of  the  literature  1  indicates  that  from  an  early  date  astronomi¬ 
cal  twilight  has  been  considered  to  end  in  the  evening  and  begin  in  the  morn¬ 
ing  when  the  true  position  of  the  sun’s  center  is  180  below  the  horizon.  At 
this  time  stars  of  the  sixth  magnitude  are  visible  near  the  zenith,  and  gen¬ 
erally  there  is  no  trace  on  the  horizon  of  the  twilight  glow. 

It  also  appears  that  civil  twilight  ends  in  the  evening  and  begins  in  the 
morning  when  the  true  position  of  the  sun’s  center  is  6°  below  the  horizon. 
At  this  time  stars  and  planets  of  the  first  magnitude  are  just  visible.  In  the 
evening  the  first  purple  light  has  just  disappeared,  and  darkness  compels 
the  suspension  of  outdoor  work  unless  artificial  lighting  is  provided.  In 
the  morning  the  first  purple  light  is  beginning  to  be  visible,  and  the  illu¬ 
mination  is  sufficient  for  the  resumption  of  outdoor  occupations. 

Some  confusion  has  arisen  in  the  computation  of  tables  of  the  duration 
of  both  astronomical  and  civil  twilight,  due  to  the  fact  that  in  some  in¬ 
stances  the  time  of  sunrise  or  sunset  has  been  considered  to  be  that  instant 
when  the  center  of  the  sun  is  on  the  true  horizon;  in  others,  when  its  center 
appears  to  be  on  the  true  horizon ;  and  in  still  others  when  the  upper  limb 
of  the  sun  appears  to  coincide  with  the  true  horizon.  In  the  United  States 
this  latter  is  regarded  as  defining  the  time  of  sunrise  and  sunset. 

In  the  tables  here  presented  the  duration  of  astronomical  twilight  is 
the  interval  between  sunrise  or  sunset,  according  to  this  latter  definition, 
and  the  instant  the  true  position  of  the  sun’s  center  is  180  below  the  horizon. 
Likewise,  the  duration  of  civil  twilight  is  the  interval  from  sunrise  or  sun¬ 
set  to  the  instant  the  true  position  of  the  sun’s  center  is  6°  below  the  hori¬ 
zon. 

1  Kimball,  Herbert  H.  “  Duration  and  Intensity  of  Twilight,”  Monthly  Weather  Review, 
1916,  44:  614-620. 


GEODETICAL  TABLES. 


lxvii 


The  computations  may  be  made  from  the  equation 

cos  t  =  s*n  a  ~~  sin  <t>  sin  8 
cos  <j>  cos  8 

where  t  is  the  sun’s  hour  angle  from  the  meridian,  a  is  the  sun’s  altitude, 
considered  minus  below  the  horizon,  8  is  the  solar  declination,  and  0  is  the 
latitude  of  the  place  of  observation. 

The  solar  declinations  employed  are  those  given  in  the  American 
Ephemeris  and  Nautical  Almanac ,  1899,  pp.  377-384,  Solar  Ephemeris  for 
Washington. 

The  atmospheric  refraction  with  the  sun  on  the  horizon  has  been  as¬ 
sumed  to  be  34  ,  and  i6'  has  been  allowed  for  the  sun’s  semi-diameter,  so 
that  at  the  instant  of  sunrise  or  sunset,  as  defined  above,  the  true  position 
of  the  sun’s  center  is  about  50'  below  the  horizon.  The  difference  between 
this  value  of  t  and  its  value  with  the  sun  6°  and  180  below  the  horizon  gives, 
respectively,  the  duration  of  civil  and  astronomical  twilight. 

The  computations  have  been  simplified  by  the  use  of  Ball’s  Altitude 
Tables,1  from  which  the  value  of  t  has  been  determined  for  true  altitudes 
of  the  sun  of  -  50',  -  6°,  and  -  180. 

Table  89.  Duration  of  astronomical  twilight.  table  89 

The  duration  of  astronomical  twilight  is  given  to  the  nearest  minute 
for  the^ist,  nth,^and  21st  day  of  each  month  for  north  latitudes,  o°,  io°, 
20 , 25  ,  and  at  2°  intervals  from  30°  to  50°,  inclusive.  The  absence  of  data 
for  latitude  50°  from  June  1  to  July  11,  inclusive,  indicates  that  between 
these  dates  at  this  latitude  astronomical  twilight  continues  throughout  the 
night. 

Table  90.  Duration  of  civil  twilight.  table  90 

The  duration  of  civil  twilight  is  given  to  the  nearest  minute  for  the 
1st,  nth^  and  21st  day  of  each  month  for  north  latitudes  o°,  io°,  20°,  250, 
and  at  2  intervals  from  30°  to  50°,  inclusive. 


RELATIVE  INTENSITY  OF  SOLAR  RADIATION  AT  DIFFERENT 


Table  91. 


LATITUDES. 

Mean  intensity  for  24  hours  of  solar  radiation 
surface  at  the  top  of  the  atmosphere. 


TABLE  91. 

on  a  horizontal 


This  table  is  that  of  Prof.  Wm.  Ferrel,  published  in  the  Annual  Report 
of  the  Chief  Signal  Officer ,  1885,  Part  2,  p.  427,  and  computed  from  formula 
and  constants  given  in  Chapter  II  of  the  above  publication,  pages  75  to  82. 
I  gives  the  mean  intensity,  J,  for  24  hours  of  solar  radiation  received  by  a 
orizontal  surface  at  the  top  of  the  atmosphere,  in  terms  of  the  mean  solar 

1  ?al1, ^Frederick.  Altitude  Tables  for  lat.  310  to  6o°.  London,  1907;  [same]  for  lat.  o°  to 
30  ,  London,  1910. 


lxviii 


INTRODUCTION. 


constant  A0,  for  each  tenth  parallel  of  latitude  of  the  northern  hemisphere, 
and  for  the  first  and  sixteenth  day  of  each  month;  also  the  values  of  the 
solar  constant  A  in  terms  of  AQ,  and  the  longitude  of  the  sun  for  the  given 
dates. 

Table  92.  Relative  amounts  of  solar  radiation  received  on  a  horizontal  surface 
during  the  year  at  different  latitudes. 

The  second  column  of  this  table  is  obtained  from  the  last  line  of 
Table  91  by  multiplying  by  1440,  the  number  of  minutes  in  24  hours.  It 
therefore  gives  the  average  daily  amount  of  radiation  that  would  be  re¬ 
ceived  from  the  sun  on  a  horizontal  surface  at  the  surface  of  the  earth  if 
none  were  absorbed  or  scattered  by  the  atmosphere,  expressed  in  terms  of 
the  mean  solar  constant.  The  following  columns  give  similar  data,  except 
that  the  atmospheric  transmission  coefficient  is  assumed  to  be  0.9,  0.8,  0.7 
and  0.6,  respectively,  and  have  been  computed  by  utilizing  Angot’s  work 
(Recherches  theoretiques  sur  la  distribution  de  la  chaleur  a  la  surface  du  globe, 
par  M.  Alfred  Angot,  Annales  du  Bureau  Central  Meteorologique  de  France , 
Annee  1883.  v.  1.  B  121-B  169),  which  leads  to  practically  the  same  values 
as  Ferrel’s  when  expressed  in  the  same  units. 

The  vertical  argument  of  the  table  is  for  io°  intervals  of  latitude  from 
the  equator  to  the  north  pole,  inclusive. 

Table  93.  Air  mass ,  m,  corresponding  to  different  zenith  distances  of  the  sun . 

For  homogenous  rays,  the  intensity  of  solar  energy  after  passing  through 
an  air  mass,  m,  is  expressed  by  the  equation  I  =  IQ  am ,  where  I0  is  the  in¬ 
tensity  before  absorption,  a  is  the  atmospheric  transmission  coefficient,  or 
the  proportion  of  the  energy  transmitted  by  unit  air  mass,  and  m  is  the  air 
mass  passed  through.  If  we  take  for  unit  air  mass  the  atmospheric  mass 
passed  through  by  the  rays  when  the  sun  is  in  the  zenith,  then  for  zenith 
distances  of  the  sun  less  than  8o°  the  air  mass  is  nearly  proportional  to  the 
secant  of  the  sun’s  zenith  distance.  In  general,  the  secant  gives  air  masses 
that  are  too  high  by  an  increasing  amount  as  the  zenith  distance  of  the  sun 
increases. 

The  equation  by  which  air  masses  are  sometimes  computed  is 
_  atmospheric  refraction 

K  sin  Z 

where  Z  is  the  sun’s  zenith  distance  and  K  is  a  constant.  The  uncertain 
factor  in  this  equation  is  the  atmospheric  refraction.  Table  93  gives  values 
of  m  computed  by  Bemporad  {Rend.  Acc.  Lincei .,  Roma,  Ser.  5,  V.  16,  2 
Sem.  1907,  pp.  66-71)  from  the  above  formula,  using  for  K  the  value  58'.'36. 
The  argument  is  for  each  degree  of  Z  from  20°  to  89°,  with  values  of  m 
added  for  Z  =  o°,  io°,  and  150.  The  values  of  m  are  given  to  two  decimal 
places. 


MISCELLANEOUS  TABLES. 


lxix 


Table  94.  Relative  illumination  intensities.  table  94. 

The  table  gives  illumination  intensities  in  foot-candles  for  zenithal 
sun,  sky  at  sunset,  sky  at  end  of  civil  twilight,  zenithal  full  moon,  quarter 
moon,  and  starlight,  and  the  ratio  of  these  intensities  to  the  illumination 
from  the  zenithal  full  moon.  For  the  sources  of  the  data  see  Kimball,  Her¬ 
bert  H.,  “  Duration  and  Intensity  of  Twilight,”  Monthly  Weather  Review , 
1916,  44:  614-620. 


MISCELLANEOUS  TABLES. 

WEIGHT  IN  GRAMS  OF  A  CUBIC  CENTIMETER  OF  AIR. 

The  following  tables  (95  to  100)  give  the  factors  for  computing  the 
weight  of  a  cubic  centimeter  of  air  at  different  temperatures,  humidities 
and  pressures. 

d  =  0.00129305  /  B  -  0.378  e\ 

1  +  0.00367  t  \  760  J 

in  which  5  is  the  weight  of  a  cubic  centimeter  of  air  expressed  in  grams, 
under  the  standard  value  of  gravity  ( g  =  980.665) 

B  is  the  atmospheric  pressure  in  millimeters,  under  standard  grav¬ 
ity; 

e  is  the  pressure  of  aqueous  vapor  in  millimeters,  under  standard 
gravity; 

t  is  the  temperature  in  Centigrade  degrees. 

For  dry  atmospheric  air  (containing  0.0004  of  its  weight  of  carbonic 
acid)  at  a  pressure  of  760  mm.  and  temperature  o°  C.,  the  absolute  density, 
or  the  weight  of  one  cubic  centimeter,  is  0.00 129305  gram.  (International 
Bureau  of  Weights  and  Measures.  Travaux  et  Memoir es,  t.  I,  p.  A  54.)  See 
also  these  Tables,  p.  xli. 

The  weight  of  a  cubic  centimeter  may  also  be  written  as  follows: 

5  =  0.00129305  / B  -0.378  e\ 

1  +0.0020389  {t  -  320)  \  29.921  J 

where  5  is  defined  as  before,  but  B  and  e  are  expressed  in  inches  and  t  in 
Fahrenheit  degrees.  Thus  by  the  use  of  tables  based  on  these  two  formulae, 
lines  of  equal  atmospheric  density  may  be  drawn  for  the  whole  world,  no 
matter  whether  the  original  observations  are  in  English  or  metric  measures. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES.  TABLES  95,  96,  97. 

Table  95.  Temperature  Term. 

This  table  gives  the  values  and  logarithms  of  the  expression 

.  _  0.00129305 

t,  29.921  j  0.0020389  (t  -  320) 

for  values  of  t  extending  from  —  450  F.  to  +  140°  F.}  the  intervals  between 
o°  F.  and  no°  F.  being  i°. 

The  tabular  values  are  given  to  five  significant  figures. 


lxx 


INTRODUCTION. 


Table  96. 
Table  97. 


Term  for  humidity;  auxiliary  to  Table  95. 


Humidity  and  pressure  term.  - 

29.921 


B  -  0.378  e 
29.921 


table  96  gives  values  of  0.378  e  to  three  decimal  places  as  an  aid  to  the 
use  of  Table  97.  The  argument  is  the  dew-point  given  for  every  degree 
from  —  6o°  F.  to  + 140°  F.  The  second  column  gives  the  corresponding  values 
of  the  vapor  pressure  (e)  derived  from  Tables  69  and  70. 


table  97  gives  values  and  logarithms  of  - 

29.921 


B  —  0.378  e 
29.921 


for  values 


of  h  extending  from  10.0  to  31.7  inches.  The  logarithms  are  given  to  five 
significant  figures  and  the  corresponding  numbers  to  four  decimals. 


Example : 

The  air  temperature  is  68°  F .,  the  pressure  is  29.36  inches  and  the  dew¬ 
point  510  F.  Find  the  logarithm  of  the  density. 

Table  95,  for  t  =  68°  F .,  gives  7.08085  —  10 

Table  96,  for  dew-point  510,  gives  0.378  e  =  0.142  inch, 

Table  97,  for  h  =  B  —  0.378  e  =  29.36  —  0.14  =  29.22, 

gives  9.98941  —  10 

_ 30 

Logarithm  of  density  =  7.07056  —  10 


METRIC  MEASURES. 


Table  98.  Temperature  term. 

This  table  gives  values  and  logarithms  of  the  expression 

a  =  0-00129305 

760  1  +  0.00367  t 


for  values  of  t  extending  from  —  340  C.  to  +  69°  C.  The  tabular  values  are 
given  to  five  significant  figures. 


Table  99. 
Table  100. 


Term  for  humidity  ;  auxiliary  to  Table  100. 


Humidity  and  pressure  terms. 


B  —  0.378  e 
760 


Table  99  gives  the  values  of  0.378  e  to  hundredths  of  a  millimeter  for 
dew-points  extending  from  —  50°  C.  to  +  6o°  C.  Above  —  250  C.  the  interval 
is  one  degree.  The  values  of  the  vapor  pressure,  e ,  corresponding  to  these 
dew-points,  given  in  the  second  column,  are  taken  from  tables  71  and  72. 


Table  100  gives  values  and  logarithms  of 


h_ 

760 


B  —  0.378  e 
760 


for 


values  of  h  extending  from  300  to  799  mm.  The  atmospheric  pressure  B  is 
the  barometer  reading  corrected  for  gravity  and  0.378  e  is  the  term  for 


MISCELLANEOUS  TABLES. 


lxxi 


humidity  obtained  from  Table  99.  The  logarithms  are  given  to  five  signi¬ 
ficant  figures  and  the  corresponding  numbers  to  four  decimal  places. 


Table  101.  Atmospheric  water-vapor  lines  in  the  visible  spectrum,  table  101. 

Table  10 1,  prepared  by  the  Astrophysical  Observatory  at  Washington, 
gives  a  summary  of  lines  in  Rowland’s  “Preliminary  Table  of  Solar  Spec¬ 
trum  Wave  Lengths,”  recorded  as  of  atmospheric  water  vapor  origin.  There 
are  more  than  400  such  lines  in  Rowland’s  table,  but  an  abridgment  is  here 
made  as  follows : 

Only  lines  of  intensity  “  1  ”  or  greater  are  here  separately  given,  but  the 
total  number  and  average  intensity  of  the  fainter  lines  lying  between  these 
are  inserted.  Rowland’s  scale  of  intensities  is  such  that  a  line  of  intensity 
“1”  is  “just  clearly  visible”  on  Rowland’s  map;  the  H  and  K  lines  are 
of  intensity,  1,000;  Dz  (the  sodium  line  of  greater  wave  length),  20;  C.,  40. 
“Lines  more  and  more  difficult  to  see”  are  distinguished  by  o,  00,  000, 
and  0000. 

TABLE  102. 

Table  102.  Absorption  by  atmospheric  water-vapor  bands  in  the  infra-red. 


The  values  of  Table  102  relate  to  the  transmission  of  energy  in  the  minima 
of  various  water-vapor  bands,  when  there  is  1  cm.  of  precipitable  water  in 
the  path  through  the  air.  For  other  amounts  of  water-vapor,  the  depths  of 
these  minima  may  be  taken  as  equal  to  a8,  where  a  is  the  coefficient  taken 
from  the  third  column  of  Table  102  and  5  is  the  amount  of  precipitable 
water  in  the  path.  For  average  conditions  in  the  transmission  of  radiation 
through  the  atmosphere,  5  may  be  determined  by  the  modification  of 
Hann’s  formula  5  =  2.0  e  sec.  Z,  where  e  is  the  vapor  pressure  in  cms.  as 
determined  by  wet  and  dry  thermometers  and  Z  is  the  angle  which  the 
path  makes  with  the  vertical. 

For  the  use  of  the  transmissions  observed  in  such  bands  for  the  inverse 
process  of  determining  the  amount  of  water-vapor  in  the  atmosphere,  see 
Fowle,  Astrophysical  Journal ,  35,  p.  149,  1912;  37,  p.  359,  1913. 

TABLE  103. 

Table  103.  Transmission  percentages  of  radiation  through  moist  air. 

The  values  of  Table  103  will  be  of  use  when  the  transmission  of  energy 
through  the  atmosphere  containing  a  known  amount  of  water-vapor  is 
under  consideration.  An  approximate  value  for  the  energy  transmitted 
may  be  had  if  the  amount  of  energy  from  the  source  between  the  wave¬ 
lengths  of  the  first  column  is  known  and  is  multiplied  by  the  corresponding 
transmission  coefficients  of  the  subsequent  columns  of  the  table.  The  table 
is  compiled  from  Fowle,  “  Water- vapor  Transparency,”  Smithsonian  Mis¬ 
cellaneous  Collections ,  68,  No.  8,  1917;  see  also,  Fowle,  “The  Transparency 
of  Aqueous  Vapor,”  Astrophysical  Journal ,  42,  p.  394,  1915. 


Table  104.  International  meteorological  symbols.  table  104. 

The  information  under  this  heading  has  been  compiled  for  the  present 


lxxii 


INTRODUCTION. 


edition  by  the  librarian  of  the  United  States  Weather  Bureau,  and  repre¬ 
sents  current  practice  in  the  use  of  the  symbols  approved  by  the  Interna¬ 
tional  Meteorological  Organization.  For  further  information  on  the  sub¬ 
ject  of  meteorological  symbols,  see  Monthly  Weather  Review  (Wash.,  D.C.), 
May,  1916,  pp.  265-274. 

Table  105.  International  cloud  classification. 

The  text  under  this  heading  is  condensed  from  the  International  Cloud 
Atlas,  2d  edition,  Paris,  1910. 

Table  106.  Beaufort  weather  notation. 

This  table  has  been  revised  in  the  library  of  the  United  States  Weather 
Bureau,  and  represents  the  current  practice  of  American  and  British  ob¬ 
servers  in  the  use  of  the  Beaufort  letters. 

Table  107.  List  of  meteorological  stations. 

This  list  has  been  extensively  revised  in  the  library  of  the  Weather 
Bureau,  and  has  been  enlarged  to  include  all  the  stations  for  which  data 
appear  in  the  “Reseau  Mondial”  of  the  British  Meteorological  Office  for 
1912  (published  1917).  The  stations  of  the  Reseau  Mondial  were  selected 
to  represent,  so  far  as  available  data  permitted,  the  meteorology  of  all  land 
areas  of  the  globe,  on  the  basis  of  two,  or  in  some  cases  three,  stations  for 
each  ten-degree  square  of  latitude  and  longitude. 

No  attempt  has  been  made  in  this  edition  of  the  Smithsonian  Tables 
to  indicate  the  “order”  of  the  several  stations,  according  to  the  definitions 
adopted  at  the  Vienna  Congress  of  1873;  as,  owing  to  the  present  wide¬ 
spread  use  of  self-recording  instruments,  the  old  distinction  between  first 
and  second  order  stations  has  lost  much  of  its  importance. 

Several  stations  included  in  the  list  are  no  longer  in  operation.  Data 
concerning  the  locations  and  altitudes  of  these  stations  are  still  valuable, 
in  view  of  the  frequent  use  made  of  their  records  in  meteorological  and  cli¬ 
matological  studies. 

In  general,  the  spellings  of  names  are  those  most  frequently  met  with 
in  existing  compilations  of  meteorological  data,  without  regard  to  the 
practice  of  English-speaking  countries.  In  a  majority  of  cases  the  native 
orthography  has  been  followed. 


THERMOMETRICAL  TABLES 


Conversion  of  thermometric  scales  — 

Approximate  Absolute,  Centigrade,  Fahrenheit,  and  Reau¬ 
mur  scales  . 

Fahrenheit  scale  to  Centigrade . 

Centigrade  scale  to  Fahrenheit . 

Centigrade  scale  to  Fahrenheit,  near  the  boiling  point  of 
water . 

Differences  Fahrenheit  to  differences  Centigrade  .... 

Differences  Centigrade  to  differences  Fahrenheit  .  .  . 

Correction  for  the  temperature  of  the  emergent  mercurial  column 
of  thermometers  — 

Correction  for  Fahrenheit  thermometers  . 

Correction  for  Centigrade  thermometers  . 


Table  i 
Table  2 
Table  3 

Table  4 
Table  5 
Table  6 

Table  7 
Table  8 


Table  1 . 

APPROXIMATE  ABSOLUTE,  CENTIGRADE,  FAHRENHEIT,  AND  REAUMUR 

SCALES. 

Conversion  Formulae  for  Approximate  Absolute  (A .A), Centigrade  (C), Fahrenheit 
(F),  and  Reaumur  (R)  Scales. 


A.A  =  s/ 9  (F  —  32)  +  273  =  C  +  273  = 

5/4  F  + 273 

C  =  5/9  (F  -  32)  =  s/4  R  =  A.A  —  273  =  -  (F  —  32) 

L+_L 

2 

\  10  100  1000 

F  =  9/5  C  +  32  =  9/472  +  32 

=  9/5  (A. A  -  273)  +32  : 

=  2C( 

i  —  JL 

in 

)  +  32 

72  =  4/9  (F  - 

32)  =4/5 C  =  4/5  (A. A  -  273) 

1U/ 

PROPORTIONAL  PARTS. 

a1\  * 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

/ 

1.8  3.6 

5-4  7-2 

9.0 

10.8 

12.6 

14.4  16.2 

R  .8  1.6 

24  3 

.2 

4.0 

4.8 

5-6 

6.4  7.2 

/ 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8  c 

) 

^  JJ  j-  .55*  1.11*  1.66*  2.22* 

2.77* 

3-33* 

3.88*  444*  5-00* 

F  -44*  -88*  1.33*  i-77* 

2.22* 

2.66* 

3.11*  3.55*  4.00* 

72  1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8  9 

L 

A.  A 

[  1.25  2.50  3.75  5.00 

6.25 

7.50 

8.75 

10.00  11.25 

B 

2.25  4.50  6.75  9.00  11.25 

13-50 

15.75 

18.00  20.25 

These  last  figures  repeated  indefinitely. 

A. A. 

c. 

F. 

R. 

A. A. 

C. 

F. 

R. 

A. A. 

C. 

F. 

R. 

375° 

102° 

2i5°6 

8i°.6 

350° 

77° 

170.6 

61.6 

325° 

52° 

i25?6 

4i!6 

374 

IOI 

213.8 

80.8 

349 

76 

168.8 

60.8 

324 

5i 

123.8 

40.8 

373 

100 

212.0 

80.0 

348 

75 

167.0 

60.0 

323 

50 

122.0 

40.0 

372 

99 

210.2 

79.2 

347 

74 

165.2 

59-2 

322 

49 

120.2 

39-2 

37i 

98 

208.4 

78.4 

346 

73 

163.4 

584 

321 

48 

118.4 

384 

370 

97 

206.6 

77.6 

345 

72 

161.6 

57-6 

320 

47 

116.6 

37-6 

369 

96 

204.8 

76.8 

344 

7i 

159.8 

56.8 

3i9 

46 

114.8 

36.8 

368 

95 

203.0 

76.0 

343 

70 

158.0 

56.0 

318 

45 

113-0 

36.0 

367 

94 

201.2 

75-2 

342 

69 

156.2 

55-2 

3i7 

44 

hi. 2 

35.2 

366 

93 

199.4 

74-4 

34i 

68 

1544 

544 

316 

43 

109.4 

344 

365 

92 

197.6 

73-6 

340 

67 

152.6 

53-6 

315 

42 

107.6 

33.6 

364 

9i 

195.8 

72.8 

339 

66 

150.8 

52.8 

3i4 

4i 

105.8 

32.8 

363 

90 

194.0 

72.0 

338 

65 

149.0 

52.0 

3i3 

40 

104.0 

32.0 

362 

89 

192.2 

71.2 

337 

64 

147.2 

51.2 

312 

39 

102.2 

31.2 

361 

88 

190.4 

70.4 

336 

63 

145-4 

504 

3ii 

38 

100.4 

304 

360 

87 

188.6 

69.6 

335 

62 

143.6 

49.6 

310 

37 

98.6 

29.6 

359 

86 

186.8 

68.8 

334 

61 

141.8 

48.8 

309 

36 

96.8 

28.8 

358 

85 

185.0 

68.0 

333 

60 

140.0 

48.0 

308 

35 

95-o 

28.0 

357 

84 

183.2 

67.2 

332 

59 

138.2 

47-2 

307 

34 

93-2 

27.2 

356 

83 

181.4 

66.4 

33i 

58 

136.4 

46.4 

306 

33 

914 

26.4 

355 

82 

179.6 

65.6 

330 

57 

134.6 

45-6 

305 

32 

89.6 

25.6 

354 

81 

177.8 

64.8 

329 

56 

132.8 

44.8 

3°4 

3i 

87.8 

24.8 

353 

80 

176.0 

64.0 

328 

55 

131.0 

44.0 

3°3 

30 

86.0 

24.0 

352 

79 

174.2 

63.2 

327 

54 

129.2 

43-2 

302 

29 

84.2 

23.2 

35i 

78 

172.4 

62.4 

326 

53 

127.4 

42.4 

301 

28 

82.4 

22.4 

350 

77 

170.6 

61.6 

325 

52 

125.6 

41.6 

300 

27 

80.6 

21.6 

A. A. 

C. 

F. 

R. 

A. A. 

C. 

F. 

R. 

A. A. 

C. 

F. 

R. 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


2 


Table  1 

APPROXIMATE  ABSOLUTE,  CENTIGRADE,  FAHRENHEIT,  AND  REAUMUR 

SCALES. 


3 


Table  i 

APPROXIMATE  ABSOLUTE,  CENTIGRADE,  FAHRENHEIT,  AND  REAUMUR 

SCALES. 


A. A. 

C. 

F. 

R. 

A. A. 

C. 

F. 

R. 

A. A. 

C. 

F. 

R. 

150° 

-1230 

-1894 

-  984 

100° 

-173° 

-2794 

— i38?4 

50° 

-223° 

-369°4 

-i78.°4 

149 

124 

191.2 

99.2 

99 

174 

281.2 

139.2 

49 

224 

371.2 

179.2 

148 

125 

193.0 

100.0 

98 

175 

283.0 

140.0 

48 

225 

373-o 

180.0 

147 

126 

194.8 

100.8 

97 

176 

284.8 

140.8 

47 

226 

374-8 

180.8 

146 

127 

196.6 

101. 6 

96 

177 

286.6 

141.6 

46 

227 

376.6 

181.6 

145 

-128 

-198.4 

-1024 

95 

-178 

-288.4 

-142.4 

45 

—228 

-378.4 

—182.4 

144 

129 

200.2 

103.2 

94 

179 

290.2 

143.2 

44 

229 

380.2 

183.2 

143 

130 

202.0 

104.0 

93 

180 

292.0 

144.0 

43 

230 

382.0 

184.0 

142 

131 

203.8 

104.8 

92 

181 

293.8 

144.8 

42 

231 

383.8 

184.8 

141 

132 

205.6 

105.6 

9i 

182 

295.6 

145.6 

4i 

232 

385.6 

185.6 

140 

-133 

-207.4 

—106.4 

90 

-183 

-2974 

-146.4 

40 

-233 

-3874 

-186.4 

139 

134 

209.2 

107.2 

89 

184 

299.2 

147.2 

39 

234 

389.2 

187.2 

138 

135 

211.0 

108.0 

88 

185 

301.0 

148.0 

38 

235 

391.0 

188.0 

137 

136 

212.8 

108.8 

87 

186 

302.8 

148.8 

37 

236 

392.8 

188.8 

136 

137 

214.6 

109.6 

86 

187 

304.6 

149.6 

36 

237 

394-6 

189.6 

135 

-138 

-216.4 

— 110.4 

85 

-188 

-306.4 

-150.4 

35 

-238 

-3964 

-190.4 

134 

139 

218.2 

hi. 2 

84 

189 

308.2 

151-2 

34 

239 

398.2 

191.2 

133 

140 

220.0 

112.0 

83 

190 

310.0 

152.0 

33 

240 

400.0 

192.0 

132 

141 

221.8 

112.8 

82 

191 

311.8 

152.8 

32 

241 

401.8 

192.8 

131 

142 

223.6 

113.6 

81 

192 

313-6 

153.6 

3i 

242 

403.6 

193.6 

130 

-143 

-225.4 

-114.4 

80 

-193 

-315-4 

-1544 

30 

-243 

-4054 

-194.4 

129 

144 

227.2 

115.2 

79 

194 

317.2 

155-2 

29 

244 

407.2 

195.2 

128 

i4S 

229.0 

116.0 

78 

195 

319.0 

156.0 

28 

245 

409.0 

196.0 

127 

146 

230.8 

116.8 

77 

196 

320.8 

156.8 

27 

246 

410.8 

196.8 

126 

147 

232.6 

117.6 

76 

197 

322.6 

157-6 

26 

247 

412.6 

197.6 

125 

-148 

-234-4 

-118.4 

75 

-198 

-3244 

-158.4 

25 

-248 

-414.4 

-198.4 

124 

149 

236.2 

119.2 

74 

199 

326.2 

159.2 

24 

249 

416.2 

199.2 

123 

150 

238.0 

120.0 

73 

200 

328.0 

160.0 

23 

250 

418.0 

200.0 

122 

151 

239.8 

120.8 

72 

201 

329.8 

160.8 

22 

251 

419.8 

200.8 

121 

152 

241.6 

121.6 

7i 

202 

33i-6 

161.6 

21 

252 

421.6 

201.6 

120 

-153 

-2434 

-122.4 

70 

-203 

-3334 

-162.4 

20 

-253 

-4234 

—  202.4 

119 

154 

245.2 

123.2 

69 

204 

335-2 

163.2 

19 

254 

425.2 

203.2 

118 

155 

247.0 

124.0 

68 

205 

337-o 

164.0 

18 

255 

427.0 

204.0 

117 

156 

248.8 

124.8 

67 

206 

338.8 

164.8 

17 

256 

428.8 

204.8 

1 16 

157 

250.6 

125.6 

66 

207 

340.6 

165.6 

16 

257 

430.6 

205.6 

115 

-158 

-252.4 

—126.4 

65 

—208 

-3424 

-166.4 

15 

-258 

-4324 

—206.4 

1 14 

159 

254.2 

127.2 

64 

209 

344-2 

167.2 

14 

259 

434-2 

207.2 

11 3 

160 

256.0 

128.0 

63 

210 

346.0 

168.0 

13 

260 

436.0 

208.0 

112 

161 

257.8 

128.8 

62 

211 

347-8 

168.8 

12 

261 

437-8 

208.8 

hi 

162 

259-6 

129.6 

61 

212 

349-6 

169.6 

11 

262 

439-6 

209.6 

no 

-163 

-261.4 

-130.4 

60 

-213 

-351-4 

-170.4 

10 

-263 

-441.4 

—210.4 

109 

164 

263.2 

131-2 

59 

214 

353-2 

171.2 

9 

264 

443-2 

211.2 

108 

165 

265.0 

132.0 

58 

215 

355-o 

172.0 

8 

265 

445-o 

212.0 

107 

166 

266.8 

132.8 

57 

216 

356.8 

172.8 

7 

266 

446.8 

212.8 

106 

167 

268.6 

133-6 

56 

217 

358.6 

173.6 

6 

267 

448.6 

213.6 

105 

-168 

-270.4 

-1344 

55 

-218 

-360.4 

-174.4 

5 

-268 

-4504 

-214.4 

104 

169 

272.2 

135-2 

54 

219 

362.2 

175-2 

4 

269 

452.2 

215.2 

103 

170 

274.0 

136.0 

53 

220 

364.0 

176.0 

3 

270 

454-0 

216.0 

102 

171 

275.8 

136.8 

52 

221 

365.8 

176.8 

2 

271 

455.8 

216.8 

IOI 

172 

277.6 

137.6 

5i 

222 

367.6 

177.6 

1 

272 

457.6 

217.6 

100 

-173 

-279.4 

-138.4 

50 

-223 

-3694 

-178.4 

0 

-273 

-4594 

-218.4 

A. A. 

c. 

F. 

R. 

A. A. 

C. 

F. 

R. 

A. A. 

C. 

F. 

R. 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


4 


Table  2. 


FAHRENHEIT  SCALE  TO  CENTIGRADE. 


Fahren¬ 

heit. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

-fl30° 

+54°44 

+54.50 

+54-56 

+54*61 

+54*67 

+54*72 

+54*78 

+54*83 

+54*89 

+54*94 

129 

53-89 

53-94 

54.00 

54.06 

54.11 

54.17 

54-22 

54.28 

54-33 

54-39 

128 

53-33 

53-39 

53.44 

53.50 

53.56 

53.6i 

53.67 

53-72 

53.78 

53.83 

127 

52.78 

52.83 

52.89 

52.94 

53-00 

53.o6 

53.11 

53.17 

53-22 

53.28 

126 

52.22 

52.28 

52.33 

52.39 

52.44 

52.50 

52.56 

52.61 

52.67 

52.72 

+125 

+51-67 

451-72 

+51-78 

+51-83 

+51-89 

+51.94 

+52.00 

+52.06 

+52.11 

+52.17 

124 

51. 11 

5i-i7 

51.22 

51.28 

51-33 

51.39 

51.44 

51.50 

51.56 

51-61 

123 

50.56 

50.61 

50.67 

50.72 

50.78 

50.83 

50.89 

50.94 

51.00 

51.06 

122 

50.00 

50.06 

50.11 

50.17 

50.22 

50.28 

50.33 

50.39 

50.44 

50.50 

121 

49-44 

49-50 

49-56 

49.61 

49.67 

49.72 

49.78 

49-83 

49.89 

49-94 

+120 

+48.89 

+48.94 

+49.00 

+49.06 

+49.H 

+49.17 

+49.22 

+49.28 

+49.33 

+49-39 

119 

48.33 

48.39 

48.44 

48.50 

48.56 

48.61 

48.67 

48.72 

48.78 

48.83 

if8 

47.78 

47-83 

47.89 

47.94 

48.00 

48.06 

48.11 

48.17 

48.22 

48.28 

117 

47.22 

47.28 

47.33 

47.39 

47-44 

47.50 

47.56 

47.61 

47.67 

47.72 

116 

46.67 

46.72 

46.78 

46.83 

46.89 

46.94 

47.00 

47.06 

47.11 

47.17 

+  115 

+46.11 

+46.17 

+46.22 

+46.28 

+46.33 

+46.39 

+46.44 

+46.50 

+46.56 

+46.61 

1 14 

45-56 

45.61 

45.67 

45.72 

45-78 

45.83 

45.89 

45.94 

46.00 

46.06 

113 

45.oo 

45- 06 

45.11 

45.17 

45.22 

45.28 

45.33 

45.39 

45-44 

45-50 

112 

44.44 

44-50 

44.56 

44.61 

44.67 

4+72 

44.78 

44-83 

44.89 

44.94 

hi 

43-89 

43-94 

44.00 

44.06 

44.11 

44.17 

44.22 

44.28 

44-33 

44.39 

+  110 

+43-33 

+43-39 

+43.44 

+43-50 

+43-56 

+43.6i 

+43.67 

+43.72 

+43.78 

+43-83 

109 

42.78 

42.83 

42.89 

42.94 

43.00 

43.06 

43.11 

43-17 

43-22 

43.28 

108 

42.22 

42.28 

42.33 

42.39 

42.44 

42.50 

42.56 

42.61 

42.67 

42.72 

107 

41.67 

41.72 

41.78 

41.83 

41.89 

41.94 

42.00 

42.06 

42.11 

42.17 

106 

41. 11 

41.17 

41.22 

41.28 

41.33 

41.39 

41.44 

41.50 

41.56 

41.61 

-f  105 

+40.56 

+40.61 

+40.67 

+40.72 

+40.78 

+40.83 

+40.89 

+40.94 

+41.00 

+41.06 

104 

40.00 

40.06 

40.11 

40.17 

40.22 

40.28 

40.33 

40.39 

40.44 

40.50 

103 

39-44 

39-50 

39.56 

39.6i 

39-67 

39-72 

39.78 

39.83 

39.89 

39*94 

102 

38.89 

38.94 

39.00 

39.06 

39-11 

39.17 

39.22 

39.28 

39-33 

39.39 

IOI 

38.33 

38.39 

38.44 

38.50 

38.56 

38.61 

38.67 

38.72 

38.78 

38.83 

+100 

+37-78 

+37.83 

+37.89 

+37-94 

+38.00 

+38.06 

+38.11 

+38.17 

+38.22 

+38.28 

99 

37.22 

37.28 

37.33 

37-39 

37-44 

37.50 

37.56 

37.6i 

37.67 

37.72 

98 

36.67 

36.72 

36.78 

36.83 

36.89 

36.94 

37.00 

37.06 

37.11 

37.17 

97 

36.11 

36.17 

36.22 

36.28 

36.33 

36.39 

36.44 

36.50 

36.56 

36.61 

96 

35.56 

35-6i 

35.67 

35.72 

35.78 

35.83 

35.89 

35-94 

36.00 

36.06 

+  95 

+35-oo 

+35-o6 

+35.11 

+35-17 

+35.22 

+35-28 

+35.33 

+35-39 

+35-44 

+35-50 

94 

34-44 

34-50 

34.56 

3+61 

34.67 

34-72 

34.78 

34.83 

3+89 

34-94 

93 

33-89 

33-94 

34.00 

34.06 

34-11 

34.17 

34.22 

3+28 

34-33 

34-39 

92 

33-33 

33-39 

33.44 

33-50 

33.56 

33.6i 

33.67 

33.72 

33.78 

33.83 

91 

32.78 

32.83 

32.89 

32.94 

33.oo 

33-o6 

33.11 

33.17 

33-22 

33-28 

+  90 

{-32.22 

+32.28 

+32.33 

+32.39 

+32.44 

+32.50 

+32.56 

+32.61 

+32.67 

+32.72 

b9 

3i  67 

31.72 

31.78 

31.83 

31.89 

31.94 

32.00 

32.06 

32.11 

33.17 

83 

3r-n 

3i-i7 

31.22 

31.28 

31.33 

31.39 

31.44 

31.50 

31.56 

31.61 

87 

30.56 

30.61 

30.67 

30.72 

30.78 

30.83 

30.89 

30.94 

31.00 

31.06 

86 

30.00 

30.06 

30.11 

30.17 

30.22 

30.28 

30.33 

30.J9 

30.44 

30.50 

+  85 

!  29.44 

+29-50 

+29.56 

+29.61 

+29.67 

+29.72 

+29.78 

+29.83 

+29.89 

+29.94 

84 

28.89 

28.94 

29.00 

29.06 

29.11 

29.17 

29.22 

29.28 

29-33 

29.39 

83 

28.33 

28.39 

28.44 

28.50 

28.56 

28.61 

28.67 

28.72 

28.78 

28.83 

82 

27.78 

27.83 

27.89 

27.94 

28.00 

28.06 

28.11 

28.17 

28.22 

28.28 

81 

27.22 

27.28 

27-33 

27.39 

27.44 

27.50 

27.56 

27.61 

27.67 

27.72 

+  80 

+26.67 

+26.72 

+26.78 

+26.83 

+26.89 

+26.94 

+27.00 

+27.06 

+27.11 

+27.17 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


5 


Table  2 


FAHRENHEIT  SCALE  TO  CENTIGRADE. 


Fahrcn- 

heit. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

+80° 

+26?67 

+26?72 

+26?78 

+26?83 

+26?89 

+26?94 

+27?0O 

+27?o6 

+27?II 

+27*17 

79 

26.11 

26.17 

26.22 

26.28 

26.33 

26.39 

26.44 

26.50 

26.56 

26.61 

78 

25.56 

25.61 

25.67 

25.72 

25.78 

25.83 

25.89 

25-94 

26.00 

26.06 

77 

25.00 

25.06 

25.11 

25.17 

25.22 

25.28 

25.33 

25.39 

25-44 

25-50 

76 

24.44 

24.50 

24.56 

24.61 

24.67 

24.72 

24.78 

24.83 

24.89 

24-94 

+75 

+23-89 

+23.94 

+24.00 

+24.06 

+24.11 

+24.17 

+24.22 

+24.28 

+24.33 

+24-39 

74 

23.33 

23.39 

23.44 

23-50 

23-56 

23.61 

23.67 

23.72 

23.78 

23-83 

73 

22.78 

22.83 

22.89 

22.94 

23.00 

23.06 

23.11 

23.17 

23.22 

23.28 

72 

22.22 

22.28 

22.33 

22.39 

22.44 

22.50 

22.56 

22.61 

22.67 

22.72 

7i 

21.67 

21.72 

21.78 

21.83 

21.89 

21.94 

22.00 

22.06 

22.11 

22.17 

+70 

+21. 11 

+21.17 

+21.22 

+21.28 

+21.33 

+21.39 

+21.44 

+21.50 

+21.56 

+21.61 

69 

20.56 

20.61 

20.67 

20.72 

20.78 

20.83 

20.89 

20.94 

21.00 

21.06 

68 

20.00 

20.06 

20.11 

20.17 

20.22 

20.28 

20.33 

20.39 

20.44 

20.50 

67 

19.44 

19.50 

19.56 

19.61 

19.67 

19.72 

I9.78 

19-83 

19.89 

19.94 

66 

18.89 

18.94 

19.00 

19.06 

19. 1 1 

19.17 

19.22 

19.28 

19.33 

19-39 

+65 

+18.33 

+18.39 

+18.44 

+18.50 

+18.56 

+18.61 

+18.67 

+18.72 

+18.78 

+18.83 

64 

17.78 

17.83 

17.89 

17-94 

18.00 

18.06 

l8. 1 1 

18.17 

18.22 

18.28 

63 

17.22 

17.28 

17-33 

17.39 

17.44 

17.50 

17.56 

17.61 

17.67 

17.72 

62 

16.67 

16.72 

16.78 

16.83 

16.89 

16.94 

17.00 

17.06 

17. 1 1 

17.17 

61 

16. 11 

16.17 

16.22 

16.28 

16.33 

16.39 

I6.44 

16.50 

16.56 

16.61 

+60 

+15.56 

+15.61 

+15.67 

+15.72 

+15.78 

+15.83 

+15-89 

+15.94 

+16.00 

+16.06 

59 

15.00 

15.06 

15.11 

15.17 

1522 

15-28 

15-33 

15.39 

15-44 

15.50 

58 

14.44 

14.50 

14.56 

14.61 

14.67 

14.72 

14.78 

14.83 

14.89 

14.94 

57 

13-89 

13.94 

14.00 

14.06 

14. 1 1 

14.17 

14.22 

14.28 

14-33 

J4-39 

56 

13-33 

13.39 

13-44 

13.50 

13-56 

13.61 

13.67 

13.72 

13.78 

13.83 

+55 

+12.78 

+12.83 

+12.89 

+12.94 

+13-00 

+13.06 

+I3- 1 1 

+13.17 

+13.22 

i  13.28 

54 

12.22 

12.28 

12.33 

I2-39 

12.44 

12.50 

12.56 

12.61 

12.67 

12.72 

53 

11.67 

11.72 

11.78 

11.83 

11.89 

11.94 

12.00 

12.06 

12.11 

12.17 

52 

11.11 

II. 17 

11.22 

11.28 

H-33 

H-39 

11.44 

11.50 

11.56 

11.61 

51 

10.56 

10.61 

10.67 

10.72 

10.78 

10.83 

10.89 

10.94 

1 1. 00 

11.06 

+50 

+10.00 

+10.06 

+10. 1 1 

+10.17 

+10.22 

+10.28 

+10.33 

+10.39 

+10.44 

+10.50 

49 

9-44 

9.50 

9.56 

9.61 

9.67 

9.72 

9.78 

9-83 

9.89 

9-94 

48 

8.89 

8.94 

9.00 

9.06 

9- 11 

9.17 

9.22 

9.28 

9-33 

9-39 

47 

8.33 

8.39 

8-44 

8.50 

8.56 

8.61 

8.67 

8.72 

8.78 

8.83 

46 

7.78 

7.83 

7.89 

7*94 

8.00 

8.06 

8. 11 

8.17 

8.22 

8.28 

+45 

+  7-22 

+  7.28 

+  7-33 

+  7.39 

+  7-44 

+  7.50 

+  7.56 

+  7.6i 

+  7.67 

+  7-72 

44 

6.67 

6.72 

6.78 

6.83 

6.89 

6.94 

7.00 

7.06 

7.11 

7.17 

43 

6. 1 1 

6.17 

6.22 

6.28 

6.33 

6-39 

6.44 

6.50 

6.56 

6.61 

42 

5-56 

5.61 

5-67 

5-72 

5-78 

5.83 

5- 89 

5*94 

6.00 

6.06 

41 

5.00 

5.06 

5.H 

5.17 

5.22 

5-28 

5-33 

5-39 

5-44 

5-50 

+40 

+  4-44 

+  4.50 

+  4.56 

+  4.61 

+  4-67 

+  472 

+  4-78 

+  +83 

+  4.89 

+  4-94 

39 

3-89 

3-94 

4.00 

4.06 

4.11 

4.17 

4.22 

4.28 

4-33 

4-39 

38 

3-33 

3-39 

3-44 

3-50 

3-56 

3.61 

3.67 

3.72 

3-78 

3-83 

37 

2.78 

2.83 

2.89 

2-94 

3.00 

3.06 

3- 11 

3-17 

3.22 

3.28 

36 

2.22 

2.28 

2.33 

2-39 

2.44 

2.50 

2.56 

2.61 

2.67 

2.72 

+35 

+  1.67 

+  1.72 

+  1.78 

+  1.83 

+  1.89 

+  1-94 

+  2.00 

+  2.06 

+  2. 11 

+  2.17 

34 

+  i.ii 

+  1.17 

+  1.22 

+  1.28 

+  i-33 

+  1.39 

+  i-44 

+  1.50 

+  1.56 

-f  1.61 

33 

+  0.56 

+  0.61 

+  0.67 

+  0.72 

+  0.78 

+  0.83 

+  0.89 

+  0.94 

-f  1. 00 

4- 1.06 

32 

0.00 

+  0.06 

+  O.II 

+  0.17 

+  0.22 

+  0.28 

+  0-33 

+  0.39 

+  0.44 

+  0.50 

3i 

—  0.56 

—  0.50 

-  0.44 

-  o-39 

-  0.33 

—  0.28 

—  0.22 

—  0.17 

—  O.II 

—  0.06 

+30 

—  i.ii 

—  1.06 

—  1. 00 

-  0.94 

—  0.89 

-  0.83 

—  0.78 

—  0.72 

—  0.67 

—  0.61 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

8 

.9 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


6 


Table  2 


FAHRENHEIT  SCALE  TO  CENTIGRADE. 


Fahren¬ 

heit. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

+30° 

-  i?n 

-  i?o6 

—  i?oo 

-  o?94 

-  o?89 

-  o?83 

-  o?78 

—  0?72 

-  o?67 

-  o?6i 

29 

1.67 

1. 61 

1.56 

1.50 

1.44 

1-39 

i-33 

1.28 

1.22 

1. 17 

28 

2.22 

2.17 

2. II 

2.06 

2.00 

1.94 

1.89 

1.83 

1.78 

1.72 

27 

2.78 

2.72 

2.67 

2.61 

2.56 

2.50 

2.44 

2.39 

2-33 

2.28 

26 

3-33 

3.28 

3.22 

3.17 

3-II 

3.06 

3-oo 

2.94 

2.89 

2.83 

+25 

-  3-89 

-  3-83 

-  3.78 

-  3.72 

-  3.67 

-  3.61 

-  3.56 

-  3.50 

-  3-44 

-  3-39 

24 

4.44 

4-39 

4.33 

4.28 

4.22 

4.17 

4.11 

4.06 

4.00 

3-94 

23 

5.00 

4.94 

4.89 

+83 

4.78 

4.72 

4.67 

4.61 

4-56 

4.50 

22 

5-56 

5-50 

5-44 

5-39 

5.33 

5.28 

5-22 

5.17 

5-II 

5.06 

21 

6. 1 1 

6.06 

6.00 

5-94 

5.89 

5.83 

5.78 

5.72 

5.67 

5.61 

+20 

—  6.67 

-  6.61 

—  6.56 

-  6.50 

-  6.44 

-  6.39 

-  6.33 

-  6.28 

—  6.22 

-  6.17 

19 

7.22 

7.17 

7.11 

7.06 

7.00 

6.94 

6.89 

6.83 

6.78 

6.72 

18 

7.78 

7-72 

7.67 

7.61 

7-56 

7.50 

7.44 

7.39 

7-33 

7.28 

17 

8.33 

8.28 

8.22 

8.17 

8.11 

8.06 

8.00 

7.94 

7.89 

7.83 

16 

8.89 

8.83 

8.78 

8.72 

8.67 

8.61 

8.56 

8.50 

8.44 

8-39 

+  15 

-  9-44 

“  9-39 

-  9-33 

—  9.28 

—  9.22 

-  9-i7 

-  9.11 

—  9.06 

—  9.00 

-  8.94 

14 

10.00 

9-94 

9.89 

9.83 

9.78 

9.72 

9.67 

9.61 

9.56 

9-50 

13 

10.56 

10.50 

10.44 

10.39 

10.33 

10.28 

10.22 

10.17 

10. 1 1 

10.06 

12 

11. 11 

11.06 

1 1. 00 

10.94 

10.89 

10.83 

IO.78 

10.72 

10.67 

10.61 

II 

11.67 

11. 61 

11.56 

11.50 

11.44 

11.39 

n-33 

11.28 

11.22 

11. 17 

+  10 

—12.22 

—12.17 

—12. 11 

—12.06 

—12.00 

-11.94 

—11.89 

-11.83 

—11.78 

—11.72 

9 

12.78 

12.72 

12.67 

12.61 

12.56 

12.50 

12.44 

12.39 

12.33 

12.28 

8 

13-33 

13.28 

13.22 

13. 17 

13.H 

13.06 

13.00 

12.94 

12.89 

12.83 

7 

13-89 

13.83 

13.78 

13-72 

13.67 

13.61 

13.56 

13.50 

13.44 

13.39 

6 

14-44 

14-39 

1+33 

14.28 

14.22 

14.17 

14. 1 1 

14.06 

14.00 

13.94 

+  5 

-15.00 

-14.94 

-14.89 

-14.83 

-14.78 

-14.72 

-14.67 

—14.61 

-14.56 

-14.50 

4 

15.56 

15.50 

15.44 

15.39 

15-33 

15.28 

15.22 

15.17 

15.^ 

15.06 

3 

16.11 

16.06 

16.00 

15-94 

15.89 

15.83 

15.78 

15.72 

16.67 

15.61 

2 

16.67 

16.61 

16.56 

16.50 

16.44 

16.39 

16.33 

16.28 

16.22 

16.17 

I 

17.22 

17.17 

17.11 

17.06 

17.00 

16.94 

16.89 

16.83 

16.78 

16.72 

+  0 

17.78 

17.72 

17.67 

17.61 

17-56 

17.50 

17.44 

17.39 

17-33 

17.28 

-  0 

-17.78 

-17.83 

-17.89 

-17.94 

—18.00 

— t8.o6 

-18.11 

—18.17 

—18.22 

-18.28 

I 

i8.33 

18.39 

18.44 

18.50 

18.56 

18.61 

18.67 

18.72 

18.78 

18.83 

2 

18.89 

18.94 

19.00 

19.06 

19. 1 1 

19.17 

19.22 

19.28 

19.33 

iC-39 

3 

19.44 

19.50 

19-56 

19.61 

19.67 

19.72 

19.78 

19.83 

19.89 

19.94 

4 

20.00 

20.06 

20.11 

20.17 

20.22 

20.28 

20.33 

20.39 

20.44 

20.50 

-  5 

-20.56 

—20.61 

—20.67 

—20.72 

—20.78 

-20.83 

—20.89 

-20.94 

— 2I.xX} 

—21.06 

6 

21. 11 

21.17 

21.22 

21.28 

21.33 

21.39 

21.44 

21.50 

21.56 

21.61 

7 

21.67 

21.72 

21.78 

21.83 

21.89 

21.94 

22.00 

22.06 

22.11 

22.17 

8 

22.22 

22.28 

22.33 

22.39 

22.44 

22.50 

22.56 

22.61 

22.67 

22.72 

9 

22.78 

22.83 

22.89 

22.94 

23.00 

23.06 

23.11 

23.17 

23.22 

23.28 

-  10 

-23-33 

-23.39 

-23.44 

-23.50 

-23.56 

-23.61 

-23.67 

-23.72 

-23.78 

-23-83 

ii 

23.89 

23.94 

24.00 

24.06 

24.11 

24.17 

24.22 

24.28 

24.33 

2+39 

12 

24.44 

24.50 

24.56 

24.61 

24.67 

24.72 

24.78 

24.83 

24.89 

24.94 

13 

25.00 

25.06 

25.11 

25.17 

25.22 

25.28 

25.33 

25.39 

2544 

25.50 

14 

25-56 

25.61 

25.67 

25.72 

25.78 

25.83 

25.89 

25.94 

26.00 

26.06 

-  15 

—26.11 

—26.17 

—26.22 

—26.28 

-26.33 

-26.39 

-26.44 

-26.50 

-26.56 

—26.61 

16 

26.67 

26.72 

26.78 

26.83 

26.89 

26.94 

27.00 

27.06 

27.II 

27.17 

17 

27.22 

27.28 

27.33 

27.39 

2744 

27.50 

27.56 

27.61 

27.67 

27.72 

i8 

27.78 

27.83 

27.89 

27.94 

28.00 

28.06 

28.11 

28.17 

28.22 

28. 2S 

19 

28.33 

28.39 

28.44 

28.50 

28.56 

28.61 

28.67 

28.72 

28.78 

28.83 

-20 

—28.89 

-28.94 

—29.00 

—29.06 

—29.11 

-29.17 

—29.22 

—29.28 

-29.33 

-29.39 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

_  1 

8*«tn«onian  Table*. 


7 


Table  2, 


FAHRENHEIT  SCALE  TO  CENTIGRADE. 


Fahren¬ 

heit. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

-20° 

-28?89 

-28?94 

— 29?00 

29?o6 

—29?  1 1 

— 2Q?I7 

— 29?22 

— 29?28 

—29*33 

-29-39 

21 

29.44 

29.50 

29.56 

29.61 

29.67 

29.72 

29.78 

29.83 

29.89 

29.94 

22 

30.00 

30.06 

30.11 

30.17 

30.22 

30.28 

30.33 

30.39 

30.44 

30.50 

23 

30-56 

30.61 

30.67 

30.72 

30.78 

30.83 

30.89 

30.94 

31.00 

31.06 

24 

31-11 

3I.I7 

31.22 

31.28 

31.33 

3r*39 

31.44 

31.50 

31-56 

31.61 

-25 

-31-67 

-31.72 

-31.78 

-31.83 

31.89 

-31.94 

—32.00 

—32.06 

-32.11 

-32.17 

26 

32.22 

32.28 

32.33 

32.39 

32.44 

32.50 

32.56 

32.61 

32.67 

32.72 

27 

32.78 

32.83 

32.89 

32.94 

33-00 

33.o6 

33-11 

33.17 

33.22 

33.28 

28 

33-33 

33-39 

33.44 

33.50 

33-56 

33.6i 

33-67 

33.72 

33.78 

33.83 

29 

33-89 

33-94 

34-00 

34.o6 

34-n 

34.17 

34.22 

34.28 

34-33 

34-39 

-30 

-34-44 

-34.50 

-34.56 

-34.61 

-34.67 

-34.72 

-34.78 

-34.83 

-34.89 

-34-94 

3i 

35-00 

35.o6 

35.11 

35-17 

35-22 

35.28 

35-33 

35-39 

35-44 

35.50 

32 

35.56 

35.6i 

35-67 

35.72 

35-78 

35.83 

35-89 

35.94 

36.00 

36.06 

33 

36.11 

36.17 

36.22 

36.28 

36.33 

36.39 

36.44 

36.50 

36.56 

36.61 

34 

36.67 

36.72 

36.78 

36.83 

36.89 

36.94 

37.oo 

37.o6 

37.11 

37.17 

-35 

-37-22 

-37.28 

-37.33 

-37-39 

-37-44 

-37.50 

-37.56 

-37.61 

-37.67 

-37.72 

36 

37-78 

37.83 

37.89 

37.94 

38.00 

38.06 

38.11 

38.17 

38.22 

38.28 

37 

38.33 

38.39 

38.44 

38.50 

38.56 

38.61 

38.67 

38.72 

38.78 

38.83 

38 

38.89 

38.94 

39.00 

39-o6 

39.11 

39.17 

39-22 

39.28 

39-33 

39-39 

39 

39-44 

39-50 

39-56 

39.61 

39-67 

39.72 

39.78 

39.83 

39-89 

39-94 

-40 

—40.00 

—40.06 

—40.11 

-40.17 

—40.22 

—40.28 

-40.33 

-40.39 

-40.44 

-40.50 

4i 

40.56 

40.61 

40.67 

40.72 

40.78 

40.83 

40.89 

40.94 

41.00 

41.06 

42 

41. 11 

4i.i7 

41.22 

41.28 

41.33 

41.39 

41.44 

4i.5o 

41.56 

41.61 

43 

41.67 

41.72 

41.78 

41.83 

41.89 

41.94 

42.00 

42.06 

42.11 

42.17 

44 

42.22 

42.28 

42.33 

42.39 

42.44 

42.50 

42.56 

42.61 

42.67 

42.72 

-45 

-42.78 

-42.83 

-42.89 

-42.94 

-43.00 

-43.06 

-43.11 

-43.17 

-43-22 

-43.28 

46 

43-33 

43-39 

43-44 

43-50 

43.56 

43.6i 

43-67 

43.72 

43.78 

43-83 

47 

43.89 

43-94 

44.00 

44.06 

44.11 

44.17 

44.22 

44.28 

44.33 

44-39 

48 

44.44 

44.50 

44.56 

44.61 

44.67 

44.72 

44.78 

44.83 

44.89 

44-94 

49 

43-00 

45-o6 

45-11 

45.17 

45-22 

45.28 

45-33 

45-39 

45-44 

45.5o 

-50 

-45.56 

-45.6i 

-45.67 

-45.72 

-45.78 

-45.83 

-45.89 

-45-94 

—46.00 

—46.06 

5i 

46.11 

46.17 

46.22 

46.28 

46.33 

46.39 

46.44 

46.50 

46.56 

46.61 

52 

46.67 

46.72 

46.78 

46.83 

46.89 

46.94 

47.00 

47.06 

47.11 

47.17 

53 

47.22 

47.28 

47-33 

47-39 

47-44 

47.50 

47.56 

47.6i 

47.67 

47.72 

54 

47.78 

47-83 

47.89 

47-94 

48.00 

48.06 

48.11 

48.17 

48.22 

48.28 

-55 

-48.33 

-48.39 

-48.44 

-48.50 

-48.56 

—48.61 

-48.67 

-48.72 

-48.78 

-48.83 

56 

48.89 

48.94 

49.00 

49.06 

49.11 

49.17 

49.22 

49.28 

49-33 

49-39 

57 

49.44 

49-50 

49.56 

49.61 

49.67 

49.72 

49.78 

49.83 

49.89 

49-94 

58 

50.00 

50.06 

50.11 

50.17 

50.22 

50.28 

50.33 

50.39 

50.44 

50.50 

59 

50.56 

50.61 

50.67 

50.72 

50.78 

50.83 

50.89 

50.94 

51.00 

51.06 

-60 

-51.  II 

-51.17 

-51.22 

-51.28 

-51.33 

-51.39 

-51.44 

-51.50 

-51-56 

-51.61 

6r 

5I.67 

51.72 

51.78 

51.83 

51.89 

51.94 

52.00 

52.06 

52.11 

52.17 

62 

52.22 

52.28 

52.33 

52.39 

52.44 

52.50 

52.56 

52.61 

52.67 

52.72 

63 

52.78 

52.83 

52.89 

52.94 

53-00 

53-o6 

53.11 

53.17 

53-22 

53-28 

64 

53-33 

53-39 

53-44 

53.50 

53.56 

53.6i 

53-67 

53-72 

53.78 

53-83 

-65 

-53.89 

-53-94 

-54-00 

-54.o6 

-54.11 

-54.17 

-54-22 

-54.28 

-54-33 

-54.39 

66 

54-44 

54-50 

54.56 

54.6i 

54.67 

54.72 

54.78 

54.83 

54-89 

54.94 

67 

55-00 

55.o6 

55.11 

55.17 

55-22 

55.28 

55-33 

55-39 

55-44 

55.50 

68 

55.56 

55.6i 

55.67 

55.72 

55.78 

55.83 

55.89 

55*94 

56.00 

56.06 

69 

56. 1 1 

56.17 

56.22 

56.28 

56.33 

56.39 

56.44 

56.50 

56.56 

56.61 

1  -70 

-56.67 

-56.72 

-56.78 

-56.83 

-56.89 

-56.94 

-57.00 

-57.06 

-57-H 

-57.17 

1 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


8 


Table  2. 

FAHRENHEIT  SCALE  TO  CENTIGRADE. 


Fahren¬ 

heit. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

c. 

c. 

C. 

C. 

C. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

C. 

C. 

o 

O 

1 

— 56*67 

— 56*72 

— 56*78 

-56*83 

—56*89 

-56?94 

-57-°jo 

-57°o6 

— 57.°ii 

-57.17 

7i 

57.22 

57.28 

57-33 

57-39 

57-44 

57.50 

57.56 

57.6i 

57.67 

57.72 

72 

57-78 

57.83 

57.89 

57-94 

58.00 

58.06 

58.11 

58.17 

58.22 

58.28 

73 

58.33 

58.39 

58.44 

58.50 

58.56 

58.61 

58.67 

58.72 

58.78 

58.83 

74 

58.89 

58.94 

59-00 

59.06 

59-n 

59.17 

59.22 

59.28 

59-33 

59-39 

-75 

-59-44 

-59-5° 

-59-56 

-59.61 

-59-67 

-59.72 

-59.78 

-59.83 

-59-89 

“59-94 

76 

fco.oo 

60.06 

60.11 

60.17 

60.22 

60.28 

60.33 

60.39 

60.44 

60.50 

77 

60.56 

60.61 

60.67 

60.72 

60.78 

60.83 

60.89 

60.94 

61.00 

61.06 

78 

61. II 

61.17 

61.22 

61.28 

61.33 

61.39 

61.44 

61.50 

61.56 

61.61 

79 

61.67 

61.72 

61.78 

61.83 

61.89 

61.94 

62.00 

62.06 

62.11 

62.17 

-80 

-62.22 

—62.28 

-62.33 

-62.39 

-62.44 

-62.50 

-62.56 

—62.61 

-62.67 

-62.72 

81 

62.78 

62.83 

62.89 

62.94 

63.00 

63.06 

63.11 

63.17 

63.22 

63.28 

82 

63-33 

63.39 

6344 

63-50 

63-56 

63.61 

63.67 

63.72 

63.78 

63-83 

83 

63.89 

63-94 

64.00 

64.06 

64.11 

64.17 

64.22 

64.28 

64.33 

64.39 

84 

64.44 

64.50 

64.56 

64.61 

64.67 

64.72 

64.78 

64.83 

64.89 

64.94 

-85 

-65.00 

-65.06 

-65.11 

-65.17 

-65.22 

-65.28 

-65-33 

-65-39 

-6544 

-65-5o 

86 

65-56 

65.61 

65.67 

65.72 

65.78 

65-83 

65.89 

65-94 

66.00 

66.06 

87 

66.11 

66.17 

66.22 

66.28 

66.33 

66.39 

66.44 

66.50 

66.56 

66.61 

88 

66.67 

66.72 

66.78 

66.83 

66.89 

66.94 

67.00 

67.06 

67.11 

.67.17 

89 

67.22 

67.28 

67-33 

67-39 

67.44 

67.50 

67.56 

67.61 

67.67 

67.72 

-90 

-67.78 

-67.83 

-67.89 

-67.94 

-68.00 

-68.06 

-68.11 

-68.17 

—68.22 

-68?28 

9i 

68.33 

68.39 

68.44 

68.50 

68.56 

68.61 

68.67 

68.72 

68.78 

68.83 

92 

68.89 

68.94 

69.00 

69.06 

69.11 

69.17 

69.22 

69.28 

69-33 

69-39 

93 

69.44 

69.50 

69.56 

69.61 

69.67 

69.72 

69.78 

69.83 

69.89 

69.94 

94 

70.00 

70.06 

70.H 

70.17 

70.22 

70.28 

70.33 

70.39 

70.44 

70.50 

-95 

-70.56 

—70.61 

—70.67 

-70.72 

-70.78 

-70.83 

.-70.89 

-70.94 

-71.00 

-71.06 

96 

71. 11 

71.17 

71.22 

71.28 

71-33 

7i-39 

71-44 

71-50 

71-56 

71.61 

97 

71.67 

71.72 

71.78 

71-83 

71.89 

71.94 

72.00 

72.06 

72.11 

72.17 

98 

72.22 

72.28 

72.33 

72.39 

7244 

72.50 

72.56 

72.61 

72.67 

72.72 

99 

72.78 

72.83 

72.89 

72.94 

73.00 

73 -06 

73-n 

73-17 

73-22 

73.28 

-100 

-73-33 

-73-59 

-73-44 

-73-50 

-73-56 

-73.6i 

-73-67 

-73.72 

-73.78 

-73-83 

IOI 

73-89 

73-94 

74.00 

74.06 

74.11 

74-17 

74.22 

74.28 

74-33 

74-39 

102 

74-44 

74-50 

74.56 

74.61 

74.67 

74.72 

74.78 

74-83 

74-89 

74-94 

103 

75.00 

75.06 

75-n 

75-17 

75.22 

75-28 

75-33 

75-39 

75-44 

75-50 

104 

75-56 

75-6i 

75-67 

75-72 

75-78 

75-83 

75-89 

75-94 

76.00 

76.06 

-105 

-76.11 

-76.17 

-76.22 

-76.28 

-76.33 

-76.39 

-76.44 

-76.50 

-76.56 

-76.61 

106 

76.67 

76.72 

76.78 

76.83 

76.89 

76.94 

77.00 

77.06 

77.11 

77.17 

107 

77.22 

77.28 

77-33 

77-39 

77-44 

77-50 

77.56 

77.61 

77.67 

77.72 

108 

77.78 

77-83 

77.89 

77-94 

78.00 

78.06 

78.11 

78.17 

78.22 

78.28 

109 

78.33 

78.39 

78.44 

78.50 

78.56 

78.61 

78.67 

78.72 

78.78 

78.83 

-no 

-78.89 

-78.94 

-79.00 

-79.06 

-79-H 

-79.17 

-79.22 

-79.28 

-79-33 

-79-39 

hi 

79-44 

79-50 

79-56 

79.61 

79.67 

79.72 

79.78 

79-83 

79.89 

79-94 

112 

80.00 

80.06 

80.11 

80.17 

80.22 

80.28 

80.33 

80.39 

80.44 

80.50 

1 13 

80.56 

80.61 

80.67 

80.72 

80.78 

80.83 

80.89 

80.94 

81.00 

81.06 

114 

81. 11 

81.17 

81.22 

81.28 

81.33 

81.39 

81.44 

81.50 

81.56 

81.61 

-115 

-81.67 

-81.72 

-81.78 

-81.83 

-81.89 

-81.94 

-82.00 

-82.06 

-82.11 

-82.17 

116 

82.22 

82.28 

82.33 

82.39 

82.44 

82.50 

82.56 

82.61 

82.67 

82.72 

117 

82.78 

82.83 

82.89 

82.94 

83.00 

83.06 

83.11 

83.17 

83.22 

83.28 

118 

83-33 

83.39 

8344 

83.50 

83.56 

83.61 

83.67 

83.72 

83.78 

83.83 

119 

83.89 

83-94 

84.00 

84.06 

84.11 

84.17 

84.22 

84.28 

84.33 

84.39 

-120 

-84.44 

-84.50 

-84.56 

-84.61 

-84.67 

-84.72 

-84.78 

-84.83 

-84.89 

-84.94 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


9 


Table  3. 

CENTIGRADE  SCALE  TO  FAHRENHEIT. 


Centi¬ 

grade. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

+60° 

+  140^00 

+i4o?i8 

+ 1 40°36 

+i4o°54 

+140.72 

+  140.90 

+141^08 

+i4i?26 

+141.44 

+I4i°62 

59 

138.20 

138.38 

138.56 

138.74 

138.92 

139.IO 

139.28 

139.46 

139.64 

139.82 

58 

136.40 

136.58 

136.76 

136.94 

137.12 

137.30 

13748 

137.66 

137.84 

138.02 

57 

134.60 

I34-78 

134.96 

135.14 

I35.32 

135-50 

135.68 

135.86 

136.04 

136.22 

56 

132.80 

132.98 

133.16 

133.34 

133.52 

133.70 

133-88 

134.06 

134.24 

134.42 

+55 

+  131.00 

+131.18 

+  131.36 

+I3I.54 

+131.72 

+  131.90 

+132.08 

+132.26 

+  132.44 

+132.62 

54 

129.20 

129.38 

129.56 

129.74 

129.92 

130.IO 

130.28 

130.46 

130.64 

130.82 

53 

127.40 

127.58 

127.76 

127.94 

128.12 

128.30 

128.48 

128.66 

128.84 

129.02 

52 

125.60 

125.78 

125.96 

126.14 

126.32 

126.50 

126.68 

126.86 

127.04 

127.22 

5i 

123.80 

123.98 

124.16 

124.34 

124.52 

124.70 

124.88 

125.06 

125.24 

125.42 

+50 

+122.00 

+122.18 

+122.36 

+122.54 

+122.72 

+122.90 

+123.08 

+123.26 

+123.44 

+123.62 

49 

120.20 

120.38 

120.56 

120.74 

120.92 

I2I.IO 

121.28 

121.46 

121.64 

121.82 

48 

118.40 

118.58 

118.76 

118.94 

119.12 

II9.3O 

119.48 

119.66 

119.84 

120.02 

47 

116.60 

116.78 

116.96 

117-14 

117.32 

117.50 

117.68 

117.86 

118.04 

118.22 

46 

114.80 

114.98 

115.16 

115-34 

II5.52 

II5.7O 

115.88 

116.06 

116.24 

116.42 

+45 

+113.00 

+113.18 

+  113.36 

+113-54 

+  II3.72 

+  II3.9O 

+  114.08 

+114.26 

+114.44 

+114.62 

44 

hi. 20 

111.38 

III.56 

m.74 

III.92 

1 12.10 

112.28 

112.46 

112.64 

112.82 

43 

109.40 

109.58 

IO9.76 

109.94 

IIO. 12 

IIO.3O 

110.48 

110.66 

IIO.84 

111.02 

42 

107.60 

107.78 

107.96 

108.14 

I08.32 

108.50 

108.68 

108.86 

IO9.04 

109.22 

4i 

105.80 

105.98 

106.16 

106.34 

IO6.52 

106.70 

106.88 

107.06 

107.24 

107.42 

+40 

+  104.00 

+104.18 

+  104.36 

+104.54 

+  IO4.72 

+  IO4.9O 

+105.08 

+105.26 

+  105.44 

+105.62 

39 

102.20 

102.38 

102.56 

102.74 

102.92 

IO3.IO 

103.28 

103.46 

103.64 

103.82 

38 

100.40 

100.58 

IOO.76 

100.94 

IOI.I2 

IOI.3O 

101.48 

101.66 

IOI.84 

102.02 

37 

98.60 

98.78 

98.96 

99.14 

99-32 

99-50 

99.68 

99.86 

IOO.04 

100.22 

36 

96.80 

96.98 

97-i6 

97-34 

97.52 

97.70 

97.88 

98.06 

98.24 

98.42 

+35 

+  95-oo 

+  95-i8 

+  95.36 

+  95-54 

+  95-72 

+  95-90 

+  96.08 

+  96.26 

+  96.44 

+  96.62 

34. 

93.20 

93.38 

93.56 

93-74 

93-92 

94.IO 

94.28 

94.46 

94.64 

94.82 

33 

91.40 

9i-58 

91.76 

91.94 

92.12 

92.30 

92.48 

92.66 

92.84 

93-02 

32 

89.60 

89.78 

89.96 

90.14 

90.32 

90.50 

90.68 

90.86 

91.04 

91.22 

3i 

87.80 

87.98 

88.16 

88.34 

88.52 

88.70 

88.88 

89.06 

89.24 

89.42 

+30 

+  86.00 

+  86.18 

+  86.36 

+  86.54 

+  86.72 

+  86.90 

+  87.08 

+  87.26 

+  87.44 

+  87.62 

29 

84.20 

84.38 

84.56 

84.74 

84.92 

85.IO 

85.28 

85.46 

85.64 

85.82 

28 

82.40 

82.58 

82.76 

82.94 

83.12 

83.30 

8348 

83.66 

83.84 

84.02 

27 

80.60 

80.78 

80.96 

81.14 

81.32 

81.50 

81.68 

81.86 

82.04 

82.22 

26 

78.80 

78.98 

79.16 

79-34 

79-52 

79.70 

79.88 

80.06 

80.24 

80.42 

+25 

+  77.00 

+  77.i8 

+  77.36 

+  77-54 

+  77.72 

+  77-90 

+  78*08 

+  78.26 

+  78.44 

+  78.62 

24 

75.20 

75.38 

75.56 

75-74 

75-92 

76.IO 

76.28 

76.46 

76.64 

76.82 

23 

73-40 

73.58 

73-76 

73.94 

74.12 

74-30 

74.48 

74.66 

74.84 

75.02 

22 

71.60 

71.78 

71.96 

72.14 

72.32 

72.50 

72.68 

72.86 

73-04 

73.22 

21 

69.80 

69.98 

70.16 

70.34 

70.52 

70.70 

70.88 

71.06 

71.24 

71.42 

+20 

+  68.00 

+  68.18 

+  68.36 

+  68.54 

+  68.72 

+  68.90 

+  69.08 

+  69.26 

+  69.44 

+  69.62 

19 

66.20 

66.38 

66.56 

66.74 

66.92 

67.IO 

67.28 

67.46 

67.64 

67.82 

18 

64.40 

64.58 

64.76 

64.94 

65.12 

65.30 

65.48 

65.66 

65.84 

66.02 

17 

62.60 

62.78 

62.96 

63.14 

63.32 

63.50 

63.68 

63.86 

64.04 

64.22 

16 

60.80 

60.98 

61.16 

6i.34 

61.52 

61.70 

61.88 

62.06 

62.24 

62.42 

+  15 

+  59-oo 

+  59-i8 

+  59  36 

+  59-54 

+  59-72 

+  59-90 

+  60.08 

+  60.26 

+  60.44 

+  60.62 

14 

57.20 

57.38 

57.56 

57-74 

57.92 

58.IO 

58.28 

58.46 

58.64 

58.82 

13 

55-40 

55.58 

55-76 

55-94 

56.12 

56.30 

5648 

56.66 

56.84 

57.02 

12 

53-6o 

53-78 

53.96 

54-14 

5+32 

54.50 

54-68 

54-86 

55-04 

55-22 

11 

51.80 

51.98 

52.16 

52.34 

52.52 

52.70 

52.88 

53.o6 

53-24 

5342 

+  10 

+  50.00 

+  50.18 

+  50.36 

+  50.54 

+  50.72 

+  50.90 

+  51.08 

+  51-26 

+  51-44 

+  51.62 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


10 


Table  3. 

CENTIGRADE  SCALE  TO  FAHRENHEIT. 


j  Centi¬ 
grade. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

i 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

+10° 

+5o°.oo 

+5o°.i8 

+5o°-36 

+5°°54 

+50°  7  2 

+50°90 

+51.08 

+51.26 

+5I°44 

+5x°.62 

+  9 

+48.20 

+48.38 

+48.56 

+48.74 

+48.92 

+49.10 

+49-28 

+4946 

+49-64 

+49.82 

8 

46.40 

46.58 

46.76 

46.94 

47.12 

47.30 

4748 

47-66 

47-84 

48.02 

7 

44.60 

44.78 

44.96 

45-14 

45-32 

45-50 

45-68 

45-86 

46.04 

46.22 

6 

42.80 

42.98 

43.16 

43-34 

43-52 

43-70 

43-88 

44.06 

44.24 

4442, 

5 

41.00 

41.18 

41.36 

41-54 

41.72 

41.90 

42.08 

42.26 

42.44 

42.62 

+  4 

+39.20 

+39-38 

+39.56 

+39-74 

+39-92 

+40.10 

+40.28 

+40.46 

+40.64 

+40.82- 

3 

3740 

37-58 

37.76 

37-94 

38.12 

38.30 

38.48 

38.66 

38.84 

39.02' 

2 

35-6o 

35.78 

35-96 

36.14 

36.32 

36.50 

36.68 

36.86 

37.04 

1 

37.22, 

I 

33-8o 

33-98 

34.16 

34-34 

34.52 

34.70 

34.88 

35.o6 

35-24 

3542' 

+  0 

32.00 

32.18 

32-36 

32-54 

32.72 

32.90 

33 -o8 

33.26 

33-44 

33.62 

-  0 

+32.00 

+31.82 

+31-64 

+31-46 

+3I.28 

+31.10 

+30.92 

+30.74 

+30.56 

+30.38 

I 

30.20 

30.02 

29.84 

29.66 

29.48 

29.30 

29.12 

28.94 

28.76 

28.58 

2 

28.40 

28.22 

28.04 

27.86 

27.68 

27.50 

27.32 

27.14 

26.96 

26.78! 

3 

26.60 

26.42 

26.24 

26.06 

25.88 

25.70 

25-52 

25-34 

25.16 

24.98 

4 

24.80 

24.62 

2444 

24.26 

24.08 

23.90 

23.72 

23-54 

23.36 

23-i8: 

-  5 

+23.00 

+22.82 

+22.64 

+22.46 

+22.28 

+22.10 

+21.92 

+21.74 

+21.56 

+2i-38j 

6 

21.20 

21.02 

20.84 

20.66 

20.48 

20.30 

20.12 

19.94 

19.76 

19.58 

7 

19.40 

19.22 

19.04 

18.86 

18.68 

18.50 

18.32 

18.14 

17.96 

17.78 

8 

17.60 

17.42 

17.24 

17.06 

16.88 

16.70 

16.52 

16.34 

16.16 

15-98, 

9 

15-80 

15.62 

15-44 

15.26 

I5.o8 

14.90 

14.72 

14-54 

14.36 

14.18 

-10 

+14.00 

+13.82 

+13.64 

+1346 

+  I3.28 

+13.10 

+12.92 

+12.74 

+12.56 

+12.38; 

ii 

12.20 

12.02 

11.84 

11.66 

II.48 

11.30 

11. 12 

10.94 

10.76 

10.58 

12 

10.40 

10.22 

10.04 

9.86 

9.68 

9-50 

9.32 

9.14 

8.96 

8.78 

13 

8.60 

8.42 

8.24 

8.06 

7.88 

7.70 

7-52 

7-34 

7.16 

6.98, 

14 

6.80 

6.62 

6.44 

6.26 

6.08 

5-90 

5.72 

5-54 

5.36 

5.18; 

I 

-15 

+  5.00 

+  4.82 

+  4-64 

+  446 

+  4.28 

+  4.10 

+  3-92 

+  3-74 

+  3.56 

+  3.38 

16 

+  3.20 

+  3.02 

+  2.84 

+  2.66 

+  2.48 

+  2.30 

+  2.12 

+  i-94 

+  1.76 

+  1.58! 

17 

+  140 

+  1.22 

+  1-04 

+  0.86 

+  0.68 

+  0.50 

+  0.32 

+  0.14 

—  0.04 

—  0.22I 

i  18 

—  0.40 

-  0.58 

—  0.76 

-  o-94 

-  1. 12 

-  1.30 

-  1.48 

—  1.66 

—  1.84 

—  2.02j 

19 

—  2.20 

-  2.38 

-  2.56 

-  2.74 

-  2.92 

-  3-io 

-  3.28 

-  346 

-  3-64 

-  3.82; 

-20 

-  4.00 

-  4.18 

-  4-36 

-  4-54 

-  4.72 

-  4-90 

-  5-o8 

-  5.26 

-  5-44 

-  5.62 

21 

5-8o 

5-98 

6.16 

6-34 

6.52 

6.70 

6.88 

7.06 

7.24 

742 

22 

7.60 

7-78 

7.96 

8.14 

8.32 

8.50 

8.68 

8.86 

9.04 

9.22 

23 

9.40 

9-58 

9.76 

9.94 

10.12 

10.30 

10.48 

10.66 

10.84 

11.02 

24 

11.20 

11.38 

11.56 

11.74 

11.92 

12.10 

12.28 

12.46 

12.64 

12.82 

-25 

-13.00 

-13.18 

-13.36 

-13.54 

-13.72 

-13.90 

-14.08 

-14.26 

-14.44 

-14.62 

26 

14.80 

14.98 

15.16 

15-34 

x5.52 

15.70 

15.88 

16.06 

16.24 

16.42 

27 

16.60 

16.78 

16.96 

17.14 

17.32 

17-50 

17.68 

17.86 

18.04 

l8.22 

28 

18.40 

18.58 

18.76 

18.94 

19.12 

19.30 

19.48 

19.66 

19.84 

20.02 

29 

20.20 

20.38 

20.56 

20.74 

20.92 

21.10 

21.28 

21.46 

21.64 

21.82 

1  -30 

-22.00 

-22.18 

-22.36 

-22.54 

-22.72 

—22.90 

-23.08 

-23.26 

-23-44 

-23.62 

3i 

23.80 

23.98 

24.16 

24.34 

24.52 

24.70 

24.88 

25.06 

25.24 

2542 

32 

25.60 

25.78 

25.96 

26.14 

26.32 

26.50 

26.68 

26.86 

27.04 

27.22, 

33 

27.40 

27.58 

27.76 

2  7.94 

28.12 

28.30 

28.48 

28.66 

28.84 

29.02 

34 

29.20 

29.38 

29.56 

29.74 

29.92 

30.10 

30.28 

30.46 

30.64 

30.82 

-35 

— 3I-oo 

-3x-i8 

-31.36 

-31-54 

-31.72 

-31.90 

-32.08 

-32.26 

-3244 

-32.62 

36 

32.80 

32.98 

33-i6 

33-34 

33-52 

33-70 

33.88 

34.06 

34-24 

3442 

37 

34-6o 

34.78 

34.96 

35-14 

35-32 

35-50 

35-68 

35-86 

36.04 

36-22, 

38 

36.40 

36.58 

36.76 

36.94 

37.12 

37.30 

3748 

37.66 

37.84 

38.02 

39 

38.20 

38.38 

38.56 

38.74 

38.92 

39.10 

39-28 

3946 

39-64 

39.82 

-40 

-40.00 

-40.18 

-40.36 

-40.54 

-40.72 

—40.90 

-41.08 

-41.26 

-41.44 

-41.62 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


II 


Table  3. 

CENTIGRADE  SCALE  TO  FAHRENHEIT. 


Centi¬ 

grade. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

-40° 

-  40°.oo 

-  40°  18 

-  40°  3  6 

-  40.54 

-  40°.  7  2 

-  40.90 

-  41.08 

-  4f.26 

-  4144 

—  4i°62 

4i 

41.80 

41.98 

42.16 

42.34 

42.52 

42.70 

42.88 

43.06 

43-24 

4342 

42 

43.60 

43-78 

43-96 

44-14 

44-32 

44-50 

44.68 

44.86 

45-04 

45.22 

43 

4540 

45-58 

45-76 

45-94 

46.12 

46.30 

46.48 

46.66 

46.84 

47.02 

1  44 

47.20 

47-38 

47-56 

47-74 

47-92 

48.10 

48.28 

48.46 

48.64 

48.82’ 

j 

-45 

-  49.00 

-  49.18 

-  49-36 

-  49-54 

-  49-72 

-  49-90 

-  50.08 

-  50.26 

-  50-44 

-  50.62 

i  46 

50.80 

50.98 

51.16 

51-34 

51-52 

5i.7o 

51-88 

52.06 

52.24 

52.42 

1  47 

52.60 

52.78 

52.96 

53-14 

53-32 

53-50 

53-68 

53-86 

54-04 

54.22 

j  48 

5440 

54-58 

54-76 

54-94 

55-12 

55-30 

55-48 

55-66 

55-84 

56.02 

49 

56.20 

56.38 

56.56 

56.74 

56.92 

57-io 

57.28 

5746 

57.64 

57-82 

!  -  50 

-  58.00 

-  58.18 

-  58.36 

-  58.54 

-  58.72 

-  58.90 

-  59-o8 

-  59-26 

-  5944 

-  59.62 

!  si 

59.80 

59-98 

60.16 

60.34 

60.52 

60.70 

60.88 

61.06 

61.24 

61.42 

52 

61.60 

61.78 

61.96 

62.14 

62.32 

62.50 

62.68 

62.86 

63.04 

63.22 

!  53 

63.40 

63-58 

63.76 

63-94 

64.12 

64.30 

64.48 

64.66 

64.84 

65.02 

54 

65.20 

65.38 

65.56 

65-74 

65.92 

66.10 

66.28 

66.46 

66.64 

66.82 

-  55 

-  67.00 

-  67.18 

-  67.36 

-  67.54 

-  67.72 

—  67.90 

-  68.08 

-  68.26 

-  68.44 

-  68.62 

56 

68.80 

68.98 

69.16 

69-34 

69.52 

69.70 

69.88 

70.06 

70.24 

70.42 

57 

70.60 

70.78 

70.96 

71.14 

71.32 

71-50 

71.68 

71.86 

72.04 

72.22 

58 

72.40 

72.58 

72.76 

72.94 

73.12 

73-30 

7348 

73.66 

73-84 

74.02 

59 

74.20 

74-38 

74-56 

74-74 

74.92 

75-io 

75-28 

7546 

75-64 

75.82 

-  60 

-  76.00 

-  76.18 

-  76.36 

-  76.54 

—  76.72 

-  76.90 

-  77-oS 

-  77.26 

-  77-44 

-  77.62 

61 

77.80 

77.98 

78.16 

78.34 

78.52 

78.70 

78.88 

79.06 

79.24 

79.42 

62 

79.60 

79.78 

79.96 

80.14 

80.32 

80.50 

80.68 

80.86 

81.04 

81.22 

63 

81.40 

81.58 

81.76 

81.94 

82.12 

82.30 

82.48 

82.66 

82.84 

83.02 

64 

83.20 

83.38 

83-56 

83-74 

83.92 

84.10 

84.28 

84.46 

84.64 

84.82 

-  65 

-  85.00 

-  85.18 

-  85.36 

-  85.54 

-  85.72 

-  85.90 

-  86.08 

-  86.26 

—  86.44 

-  86.62 

66 

86.80 

86.98 

87.16 

87-34 

87.52 

87.70 

87.88 

88.06 

88.24 

88.42 

67 

88.60 

88.78 

88.96 

89.14 

89.32 

89.50 

89.68 

89.86 

90.04 

90.22 

68 

90.40 

90.58 

90.76 

90.94 

91.12 

91.30 

91.48 

91.66 

91.84 

92.02 

69 

92.20 

92.38 

92.56 

92.74 

92.92 

93.10 

93.28 

9346 

93-64 

93.82 

-  70 

—  94.00 

-  94.18 

-  94-36 

-  94-54 

-  94-72 

-  94-9° 

-  95 .08 

-  95-26 

-  9544 

-  95-62 

7i 

95.80 

95-98 

96.16 

96-34 

96.52 

96.70 

96.88 

97.06 

97.24 

97.42 

72 

97.60 

97.78 

97.96 

98.14 

98.32 

98.50 

98.68 

98.86 

99.04 

99.22 

73 

99.40 

99.58 

99.76 

99.94 

100.12 

100.30 

100.48 

100.66 

100.84 

101.02 

74 

101.20 

IOI.38 

101.56 

101.74 

101.92 

102.10 

102.28 

102.46 

102.64 

102.82 

-  75 

-103.00 

-103.18 

-103.36 

-103.54 

-103.72 

-103.90 

—104.08 

-104.26 

-104.44 

-104.62 

76 

104.80 

104.98 

105.16 

105-34 

105.52 

105.70 

105.88 

106.06 

106.24 

106.42 

77 

106.60 

106.78 

106.96 

107.14 

107.32 

107.50 

107.68 

107.86 

108.04 

108.22 

78 

108.40 

108.58 

108.76 

108.94 

109.12 

109.30 

109.48 

109.66 

109.84 

110.02 

79 

I 

110.20 

IIO.38 

110.56 

110.74 

110.92 

hi. 10 

111.28 

111.46 

111.64 

111.82 

i  -  so 

-112.00 

-II2.18 

-112.36 

-112.54 

-112.72 

-112.90 

-113.08 

-113.26 

-1 1344 

-113.62 

1  81 

II3.80 

II3.98 

114.16 

H4-34 

114.52 

114.70 

114.88 

115.06 

115.24 

11542 

!  82 

II5.60 

115.78 

115.96 

116.14 

116.32 

116.50 

116.68 

116.86 

117.04 

117.22 

83 

II7.4O 

117.58 

117.76 

117.94 

118.12 

118.30 

118.48 

118.66 

118.84 

119.02 

84 

119.20 

119.38 

119.56 

119.74 

119.92 

120.10 

120.28 

120.46 

120.64 

120.82 

-  85 

—  121.00 

-I2I.l8 

-121.36 

-121.54 

-121.72 

-121.90 

—  122.08 

—122.26 

-132.44 

-122.62 

86 

122.80 

122.98 

123.16 

123-34 

123.52 

123.70 

123.88 

124.06 

124.24 

124.42 

87 

124.60 

124.78 

124.96 

125.14 

125.32 

125.50 

125.68 

125.86 

126.04 

126.22 

88 

I26.4O 

126.58 

126.76 

126.94 

127.12 

127.30 

127.48 

127.66 

127.84 

128.02 

89 

128.20 

128.38 

128.56 

128.74 

128.92 

129.10 

129.28 

129.46 

129.64 

129.82 

-90 

—  130.00 

-130.18 

-130.36 

-130.54 

-130.72 

-130.90 

-131.08 

-131.26 

-I3I44 

-131.62 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


12 


Table  4 


CENTIGRADE  SCALE  TO  FAHRENHEIT- Near  the  Boiling  Point. 


1  Centi- 
|  grade. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

I 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

1  100° 

2I2?00 

21 2? I 8 

2I2?36 

2I2?54 

2I2?72 

2I2?90 

2I3?o8 

2I3?26 

213-44 

2I3?62 

99 

210.20 

2IO.38 

2IO.56 

210.74 

2IO.92 

2II.IO 

211.28 

2II.46 

211.64 

211.82 

98 

208.40 

208.58 

208.76 

208.94 

209.12 

2O9.3O 

209.48 

209.66 

209.84 

210.02 

97 

206.60 

206.78 

206.96 

207.14 

207.32 

207.50 

207.68 

207.86 

208.04 

208.22 

96 

204.80 

204.98 

205.10 

205.34 

205.52 

205.70 

205.88 

206.06 

206.24 

206.42 

95 

203.00 

203.18 

203.36 

203.54 

203.72 

203.90 

204.08 

204.26 

204.44 

204.62 

94 

201.20 

201.38 

201.56 

201.74 

201.92 

202.  TO 

202.28 

202.46 

202.64 

202.82 

93 

I99.4O 

I99-58 

199.76 

199.94 

200.12 

200.30 

200.48 

200.66 

200.84 

201.02 

92 

197.60 

197.78 

197.96 

198.14 

I98.32 

I98.5O 

198.68 

198.86 

I99.04 

199.22 

9T 

195.80 

195.98 

196.16 

196.34 

I96.52 

I96.7O 

196.88 

197.06 

I97.24 

197.42 

90 

I94.OO 

I94.18 

194.36 

194.54 

194.72 

I94.9O 

195.08 

195.26 

195.44 

I95.62 

Table  5. 

DIFFERENCES  FAHRENHEIT  TO  DIFFERENCES  CENTIGRADE. 


Fahren¬ 

heit. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8  1 

.9 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

0° 

o?oo 

o?o6 

o?ii 

o?i7 

0?22 

o?28 

°-33 

°-39 

o?44 

o?5o 

1 

0.56 

0.61 

0.67 

0.72 

O.78 

0.83 

0.89 

0.94 

1. 00 

1.06 

2 

I. II 

1. 17 

1.22 

1.28 

1-33 

1.39 

1.44 

1.50 

1.56 

1. 61 

3 

1.67 

1.72 

1.78 

1.83 

I.89 

1.94 

2.00 

2.06 

2. 11 

2.17 

4 

2.22 

2.28 

2-33 

2.39 

2.44 

2.50 

2.56 

2.61 

2.67 

2.72 

5 

2.78 

2.83 

2.89 

2.94 

3.00 

3.06 

3-II 

3.17 

3.22 

3.28 

6 

3-33 

3-39 

3-44 

3.50 

3.56 

3.61 

3.67 

3.72 

3-78 

3.83 

7 

3.89 

3-94 

4.00 

4.06 

4.II 

4.17 

4.22 

4.28 

4-33 

4.89 

4.39 

8 

4.44 

4.50 

4.56 

4.61 

4.67 

4.72 

4.78 

4.83 

4-94 

9 

5.00 

5.06 

5-*i 

5.17 

5-22 

5.28 

5.33 

5-39 

5-44 

5-50 

10 

5.56 

5.61 

5.67 

5.72 

5.78 

5.83 

5-89 

5-94 

6.00 

6.06 

11 

6. 1 1 

6.17 

6.22 

6.28 

6-33 

6.39 

6.44 

6.50 

6.56 

6.61  | 

12 

6.67 

6.72 

6.78 

6.83 

6.89 

6.94 

7.00 

7.06 

7.11 

7.17 

13 

7.22 

7.28 

7-33 

7-39 

7-44 

7.50 

7.56 

7.61 

7.67 

7.72 

14 

7.78 

7.83 

7.89 

7-94 

8.00 

8.06 

8.11 

8.17 

8.22 

8.28 

15 

8.33 

8-39 

8.44 

8.50 

8.56 

8.61 

8.67 

8.72 

8.78 

8.83 

16 

8.89 

8.94 

9.00 

9.06 

9. 1 1 

9-I7 

9.22 

9.28 

9-33 

9-39 

17 

9.44 

9- 5o 

9-56 

9.61 

9.67 

9.72 

9.78 

9.83 

9.89 

9-94 

18 

10.00 

10.06 

10. 11 

10.17 

10.22 

10.28 

10.33 

10.39 

10.44 

10.50 

19 

10.56 

10.61 

10.67 

10.72 

10.78 

10.83 

10.89 

10.94 

11. 00 

11.06 

20 

11. 11 

ii*i7 

11.22 

11.28 

11.33 

11-39 

11.44 

11.50 

11.56 

11. 61 

Table  6. 

DIFFERENCES  CENTIGRADE  TO  DIFFERENCES  FAHRENHEIT. 


I'JS  O) 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

0° 

o?oo 

o?i8 

o?36 

o?54 

o?72 

o?90 

i?o8 

I?26 

i°44 

I?62 

I 

I.80 

1.98 

2. 16 

2.34 

2.52 

2.70 

2.88 

3.06 

3.24 

3-42 

2 

3.60 

3.78 

3-96 

4.14 

4-32 

4-50 

4.68 

4.86 

5-04 

5.22 

3 

5.40 

5.58 

5-76 

5-94 

6. 12 

6.30 

6.48 

6.66 

6.84 

7.02 

4 

7.20 

7.38 

7-56 

7-74 

7.92 

8.10 

8.28 

8.46 

8.64 

8.82 

5 

9.00 

9.18 

9-36 

9-54 

9.72 

9.90 

10.08 

10.26 

10.44 

10.62 

6 

IO.80 

10.98 

11. 16 

11-34 

11.52 

1 1.70 

1 1. 88 

12.06 

12.24 

12.42 

7 

12.60 

12.78 

12.96 

13.H 

13-32 

13.50 

13.68 

13.86 

14.04 

14.22 

8 

14.40 

14.58 

14.76 

14.94 

15.12 

15-30 

15.48 

15.66 

15.84 

16.02 

9 

16.20 

16.38 

16.56 

16.74 

16.92 

17.10 

17.28 

17.46 

17.64 

17.82 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


13 


CORRECTION  FOR  THE  TEMPERATURE  OF  THE  EMERGENT 
MERCURIAL  COLUMN  OF  THERMOMETERS. 


T  =  t  —  0.000086  n(t'  —  t)  —  Fahrenheit  temperatures. 

T  =  t  -  0.000155  nit'  —  t)  —  Centigrade  temperatures. 

T  =  Corrected  temperature. 
t  =  Observed  temperature. 

t'  =  Mean  temperature  of  the  glass  stem  and  emergent  mercury  column. 
n  =  Length  of  mercury  in  the  emergent  stem  in  scale  degrees. 

/  1  (subtracted. 


When  t'  is  j  j  than  t  the  numerical  correction  is  to  be  j 


added. 


Table  7. 

CORRECTION  FOR  FAHRENHEIT  THERMOMETERS. 

Values  of  0.000086  n{tr  —  t) 


n 

t'  - 1 

10° 

0 

0 

0 

O 

CO 

b 

01 

0 

0 

60° 

70° 

0 

O 

00 

0 

0 

o> 

1  00° 

R 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

10° 

o°oi 

0°02 

0?03 

0.03  . 

O.04 

O.05 

o?o6 

O.07 

o°o8 

o.°09 

20 

0.02 

0.03 

0.05 

0.07 

O.09 

0.10 

0.12 

O.14 

0.15 

0.17 

30 

0.03 

0.05 

0.08 

0.10 

O.13 

0.15 

0.18 

0.21 

0.23 

0.26 

40 

0.03 

0.07 

0.10 

0.14 

O.17 

0.21 

0.24 

0.28 

0.31 

o-34 

50 

0.04 

O.O9 

0.13 

0.17 

0.22 

0.26 

0.30 

0-34 

0.39 

0.43 

60 

0.05 

0.10 

0.15 

0.21 

0.26 

O.3I 

0.36 

O.4I 

0.46 

0.52 

70 

0.06 

0.12 

0.18 

0.24 

O.3O 

O.36 

0.42 

O.48 

o.54 

0.60 

80 

0.07 

O.I4 

0.21 

0.28 

o-34 

O.4I 

0.48 

°-SS 

0.62 

0.69 

90 

0.08 

0.15 

0.23 

O.3I 

o-39 

O.46 

0-54 

0.62 

0.70 

0.77 

100 

O.O9 

0.17 

0.26 

0.34 

0-43 

O.52 

0.60 

0.69 

0.77 

0.86 

no 

O.O9 

O.I9 

0.28 

O.38 

0.47 

o-57 

0.66 

0.76 

0.85 

o-95 

120 

0.10 

0.21 

0.31 

O.4I 

0.52 

0.62 

0.72 

0.83 

o.93 

1.03 

130 

O.II 

0.22 

0.34 

o-45 

0.56 

0.67 

0.78 

0.90 

I.OI 

1. 12 

Table  8. 


CORRECTION  FOR  CENTICRADE  THERMOMETERS. 


Values  of  0.000155  n(t '  —  t ) 


n 

r  - 1 

10° 

N> 

O 

0 

30° 

O 

0 

0 

O 

10 

60° 

70° 

0 

0 

00 

C. 

c. 

C. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

10° 

0/32 

ofo3 

ofos 

o?o6 

o?o8 

0°0Q 

o?n 

0?I2 

20 

0.03 

0.06 

0.09 

0.12 

0.16 

O.19 

0.22 

0.25 

30 

0.05 

0.09 

0.14 

0.19 

0.23 

0.28 

0-33 

0.37 

40 

0.06 

0.12 

0.19 

0.25 

0.31 

0-37 

0.43 

0.50 

50 

0.08 

0.16 

0.23 

0.31 

o-39 

O.46 

0.54 

0.62 

60 

O.O9 

0.19 

0.28 

0-37 

0.46 

O.56 

0.65 

0.74 

70 

O.II 

0.22 

o-33 

0.43 

0-54 

O.65 

0.76 

0.87 

80 

0.12 

0.25 

0-37 

0.50 

0.62 

O.74 

0.87 

0.99 

90 

0.14 

0.28 

0.42 

0.56 

0.70 

O.84 

0.98 

1. 12 

100 

O.16 

0.31 

0.46 

0.62 

0.78 

0-93 

1.08 

1.24 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


14 


CONVERSIONS  INVOLVING  LINEAR  MEASURES. 

Inches  into  millimeters . Table  9 

Millimeters  into  inches . Table  10 

Barometric  inches  into  millibars  .  .  .  Table  11 

Barometric  millimeters  into  millibars  .  Table  12 

Feet  into  meters . Table  13 

Meters  into  feet . Table  14 

Miles  into  kilometers  . Table  15 

Kilometers  into  miles . Table  16 

Interconversion  of  nautical  and  statute  miles . Table  17 

Continental  measures  of  length  with  their  metric  and  English 

equivalents . Table  18 


Table  9. 

INCHES  INTO  MILLIMETERS. 


i  inch  =  25.40005  mm. 


Inches. 

.00 

.01 

.02 

.03 

.04 

.05 

.06 

.07 

.08 

.09 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0.00 

0.00 

0.25 

0.51 

0.76 

1.02 

I.27 

1-52 

1.78 

2.03 

2.29 

O.IO 

2-54 

2-79 

3-05 

3-30 

3-56 

3-81 

4.06 

4.32 

4-57 

4.83 

0.20 

5.08 

5-33 

5-59 

5-84 

6.10 

6-35 

6.60 

6.86 

7.11 

7-37 

0.30 

7.62 

7.87 

8.13 

8.38 

8.64 

8.89 

9.14 

9-40 

9-65 

9.91 

0.40 

10.16 

IO.41 

10.67 

10.92 

11. 18 

n-43 

11.68 

11.94 

12.19 

12.45 

0.50 

12.70 

12-95 

13.21 

13.46 

13.72 

13.97 

14.22 

14.48 

14-73 

14.99 

0.60 

15.24 

1549 

15-75 

16.00 

16.26 

16.51 

16.76 

17.02 

17.27 

17.53 

0.70 

17.78 

18.03 

18.29 

18.54 

18.80 

19-05 

19.30 

19-56 

19.81 

20.07 

0.80 

20.32 

20.57 

20.83 

21.08 

21-34 

21.59 

21.84 

22.10 

22.35 

22.61 

0.90 

22.86 

23.II 

23-37 

23.62 

23.88 

24.13 

24.38 

24.64 

24.89 

25.15 

1.00 

25.40 

25-65 

25-91 

26.16 

26.42 

26.67 

26.92 

27.18 

27-43 

27.69 

1. 10 

27.94 

28.19 

28.45 

28.70 

28.96 

29.21 

29.46 

29.72 

29.97 

30.23 

1.20 

30.48 

30.73 

30.99 

31.24 

3i-5o 

31-75 

32.00 

32.26 

32.51 

32.77 

1.30 

33-02 

33-27 

33-53 

33.78 

34-04 

34.29 

34-54 

34.8o 

35-05 

35-31 

1.40 

35-56 

35-8i 

36.07 

36.32 

36.58 

36.83 

37.08 

37-34 

37-59 

37-85 

1.50 

38.10 

38.35 

38.61 

38.86 

39.12 

39-37 

39-62 

39.88 

40.13 

40.39 

1.60 

40.64 

40.89 

4I-I5 

41.40 

41.66 

41.91 

42.16 

42.42 

42.67 

42.93 

1.70 

43-i8 

4343 

43-69 

43-94 

44-20 

44-45 

44.70 

44.96 

45.21 

45-47 

1.80 

45-72 

45.97 

46.23 

46.48 

46.74 

46.99 

47.24 

47-50 

47-75 

48.01 

1.90 

48.26 

48.51 

48.77 

49.02 

49.28 

49-53 

49.78 

50.04 

50.29 

50.55 

2.00 

50.80 

51.05 

5i.3i 

51.56 

51.82 

52.07 

52.32 

52.58 

52.83 

53.09 

2.10 

53-34 

53-59 

53-85 

54.10 

54.36 

54.6i 

54-86 

55-12 

55-37 

55.63 

2.20 

55-88 

56.13 

56.39 

56.64 

56.90 

57.15 

57-40 

57-66 

57-91 

58.17 

2.30 

5842 

58.67 

58.93 

59-i8 

59-44 

59.69 

59-94 

60.20 

60.45 

60.71 

2.40 

60.96 

61.21 

61.47 

61.72 

61.98 

62.23 

62.48 

62.74 

62.99 

63-25 

2.50 

63-50 

63.75 

64.01 

64.26 

64.52 

64.77 

65.02 

65.28 

65-53 

6579 

2.60 

66.04 

66.29 

66.55 

66.80 

67.06 

67.31 

67.56 

67.82 

68.07 

68.33 

2.70 

68.58 

68.83 

69.09 

69-34 

69.60 

69.85 

70.10 

70.36 

70.61 

70.87 

2.80 

71.12 

71-37 

71.63 

71.88 

72.14 

72.39 

72.64 

72.90 

73-15 

7341 

2.90 

73.66 

73-91 

74.17 

74-42 

74.68 

74-93 

75-18 

75-44 

75-69 

75-95 

3.00 

76.20 

76.45 

76.71 

76.96 

77.22 

7747 

77-72 

77.98 

78.23 

78.49 

3.10 

78.74 

78.99 

79-25 

79-50 

79.76 

80.01 

80.26 

80.52 

80.77 

81.03 

3.20 

81.28 

8i.53 

81.79 

82.04 

82.30 

82.55 

82.80 

83.06 

83.31 

83.57 

3-30 

83.82 

84.07 

84.33 

84-59 

84.84 

85.09 

85-34 

85.60 

85.85 

86.11 

340 

86.36 

86.61 

86.87 

87.12 

87.38 

87.63 

87.88 

88.14 

88.39 

88.65 

3.50 

88.90 

89.15 

89.41 

89.66 

89.92 

90.17 

90.42 

90.68 

90.93 

9I-I9 

3.60 

91.44 

91.69 

91-95 

92.20 

92.46 

92.71 

92.96 

93.22 

93-47 

93-73 

3-70 

93-98 

94-23 

94-49 

94-74 

95-00 

95-25 

95-50 

95.76 

96.01 

96.27 

3.80 

96.52 

96.77 

97.03 

97.28 

97-54 

97-79 

98.04 

98.30 

98.55 

98.81 

3-90 

99.06 

99-31 

99-57 

99.82 

100.08 

100.33 

100.58 

100.84 

101.09 

101.35 

4.00 

101.60 

101.85 

102.11 

102.36 

102.62 

102.87 

103.12 

103.38 

103.63 

103.89 

4.10 

104.14 

104.39 

104.65 

104.90 

105.16 

105.41 

105.66 

105.92 

106.17 

106.43 

4.20 

106.68 

106.93 

107.19 

107.44 

107.70 

107.95 

108.20 

108.46 

108.71 

108.97 

4-30 

109.22 

109.47 

109.73 

109.98 

110.24 

110.49 

110.74 

1 1 1.00 

11 1.25 

m.51 

4.40 

111.76 

1 12.01 

112.27 

112.52 

112.78 

113-03 

113.28 

H3-54 

113.79 

114.05 

4.50 

114.30 

114-55 

114.81 

115.06 

115-32 

H5-57 

115.82 

116.08 

116.33 

116.59 

4.60 

116.84 

117.09 

117-35 

117.60 

117.86 

118.11 

118.36 

118.62 

118.87 

119-13 

4.70 

119.38 

119.63 

119.89 

120.14 

120.40 

120.65 

120.90 

121.16 

121.41 

121.67 

4.80 

121.92 

122.17 

122.43 

122.68 

122.94 

123.19 

123.44 

123.70 

123.95 

124.21 

4.90 

124.46 

124.71 

124.97 

125.22 

125.48 

125.73 

125.98 

126.24 

126.49 

126.75 

5.00 

127.00 

127.25 

127.51 

127.76 

128.02 

128.27 

128.52 

128.78 

129.03 

129.29 

Proportional  Parts.  Iuch- 

0.001 

0.002  0.003  0.004  0.005  0.006 

0.007 

0.008  0.009 

mm. 

0.025 

0.051  c 

1.070  0.102  0.127  0.152 

0.178 

0.203  0.229 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

l6 


Table  9 


INCHES  INTO  MILLIMETERS. 

i  inch  =  25.40005  mm. 


Inche6. 

.00 

.01 

.02 

.03 

.04 

.05 

.06 

.07 

.08 

I 

.09 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

5.00 

127.OO 

127.25 

127.51 

127.76 

128.02 

128.27 

128.52 

128.78 

129.03 

129.29 

5-io 

129-54 

129.79 

130.05 

130.30 

130.56 

130.81 

131.06 

131.32 

I3I.57 

131.83 

5.20 

132.68 

132.33 

132.59 

132.84 

133-10 

133-35 

133.60 

133.86 

134. 1 1 

134.37 

5-30 

134.62 

I34.87 

I35.I3 

135.38 

135.64 

135.89 

136.14 

136.40 

136.65 

136.91 

540 

137.16 

I374I 

137.67 

137.92 

138.18 

138.43 

138.68 

138.94 

139.19 

139.45 

5.50 

139.70 

139.95 

140.21 

140.46 

140.72 

140.97 

141.22 

141.48 

I4I-73 

141.99 

5.60 

142.24 

142.49 

142.75 

143.OO 

143.26 

143.51 

143.76 

144.02 

144.27 

144.53 

5-70 

14448 

I45.°3 

145-29 

145-54 

145.80 

146.05 

146.30 

146.56 

146.81 

147.07 

5.80 

147.32 

147.57 

147.83 

148.08 

148.34 

148.59 

148.84 

149.10 

149.35 

149.61 

5-90 

149.86 

150.  II 

I50..37 

150.62 

150.88 

I5I.I3 

151.38 

151.64 

151.89 

152.15 

6.00 

152.40 

152.66 

152.91 

153.16 

15342 

I53.67 

153.92 

154.18 

154-43 

154.69 

6.10 

154.94 

155.19 

155.45 

I55.70 

I55.96 

156.21 

156.46 

156.72 

156.97 

I57.23 

6.20 

15748 

157.73 

157.99 

158.24 

158.50 

158.75 

159.OO 

159.26 

I59-5I 

159.77 

6.30 

160.02 

160.27 

160.53 

160.78 

161.04 

161.29 

161.54 

161.80 

162.05 

162.31 

6.40 

162.56 

162.81 

163.07 

163.32 

163.58 

163.83 

164.08 

164.34 

164.59 

164.85 

6.50 

165.IO 

165.35 

165.61 

165.86 

166.12 

166.37 

166.62 

166.88 

167.13 

167.39 

6.60 

167.64 

167.89 

168.15 

168.40 

168.66 

168.91 

169.16 

169.42 

169.67 

169.93 

6.70 

170.18 

170.43 

170.69 

170.94 

171.20 

I7I.45 

171.70 

171.96 

172.21 

172.47 

6.80 

172.72 

172.97 

I73.23 

17348 

173.74 

173-99 

174.24 

174.50 

174.75 

175.OI 

6.90 

175.26 

175.51 

175.77 

176.02 

176.28 

176.53 

176.78 

177.04 

177.29 

177.55 

7.00 

177.80 

178.05 

178.31 

178.56 

178.82 

179.07 

179.32 

179.58 

179.83 

180.09 

7.10 

180.34 

180.59 

180.85 

181.10 

181.36 

l8l.6l 

181.86 

182.12 

182.37 

182.63 

7.20 

182.88 

183-13 

183.39 

183.64 

183.90 

184.15 

184.40 

184.66 

184.91 

185.17 

7-30 

18542 

185.67 

185.93 

186.18 

186.44 

186.69 

186.94 

187.20 

18745 

187.71 

7.40 

187.96 

188.21 

188.47 

188.72 

188.98 

189.23 

189.48 

189.74 

189.99 

190.25 

7.50 

190.50 

I9°.75 

191.OI 

191.26 

I9I.52 

191.77 

192.02 

192.28 

192.53 

192.79 

7.60 

193.04 

193.29 

193.55 

193.80 

194.06 

I94.3I 

194.56 

194.82 

195.07 

195.33 

7.70 

195.58 

195.83 

196.09 

196.34 

196.60 

196.85 

I97.IO 

197.36 

197.61 

197.87 

7.80 

198.12 

198.37 

198.63 

198.88 

199.14 

199.39 

199.64 

199.90 

200.15 

200.41 

7.90 

200.66 

200.91 

201.17 

201.42 

201.68 

201.93 

202.  l8 

202.44 

202.69 

202.95 

8.00 

203.20 

20345 

203.71 

203.96 

204.22 

204.47 

204.72 

204.98 

205.23 

205.49 

8.10 

205.74 

205.99 

206.25 

206.50 

206.76 

207.OI 

207.26 

207.52 

207.77 

208.03 

8.20 

208.28 

208.53 

208. 79 

209.04 

209.30 

209.55 

209.80 

210.06 

210.31 

210.57 

8.30 

210.82 

211.07 

2H.33 

211.58 

211.84 

212.09 

212.34 

2I2.6o 

212.85 

213.II 

8.40 

213.36 

213.61 

213.87 

214.12 

214.38 

214.63 

214.88 

215.14 

215.39 

215.65 

8.50 

215-9° 

216.15 

216.41 

216.66 

216.92 

217.17 

217.42 

217.68 

217.93 

218.19 

8.60 

218.44 

218.69 

218.95 

219.20 

219.46 

219.71 

219.96 

220.22 

220.47 

220.73 

8.70 

220.98 

221.23 

221.49 

221.74 

222.00 

222.25 

222.50 

222.76 

223.01 

223.27 

8.80 

223.52 

223.77 

224.03 

224.28 

224.54 

224.79 

225.04 

225.3O 

225.55 

225.81 

8.90 

226.06 

226.31 

226.57 

226.82 

227.08 

227.33 

227.58 

227.84 

228.09 

228.35 

9.00 

228.60 

228.85 

229.II 

229.36 

229.62 

229.87 

230.12 

230.38 

230.63 

230.89 

9.10 

231.14 

23I.39 

231.65 

231.90 

232.16 

232.41 

232.66 

232.92 

233- J7 

233.43 

9.20 

233-68 

233-93 

234.I9 

234.44 

234.70 

234.95 

235.20 

235.46 

235.7I 

235.97 

9-30 

236.22 

236.47 

236.73 

236.98 

237.24 

23749 

237.74 

238.OO 

238.25 

238.51 

9.40 

238.76 

239.OI 

239.27 

239.52 

239.78 

240.03 

240.28 

240.54 

240.79 

241.05 

9.50 

241.30 

241.55 

241.81 

242.06 

242.32 

242.57 

242.82 

243.08 

243-33 

243-59 

9.60 

243.84 

244.09 

244.35 

244.60 

244.86 

245-11 

245.36 

245.62 

245.87 

246.13 

9.70 

246.38 

246.63 

246.89 

247.14 

247.40 

247.65 

247.90 

248.16 

248.41 

248.67 

9.80 

248.92 

249.17 

249.43 

249.68 

249.94 

250.19 

250.44 

250.70 

250.95 

251.21 

9.90 

25146 

251.71 

251.97 

252.22 

252.48 

252.73 

252.98 

253.24 

25349 

253.75 

10.00 

254.00 

254.25 

254.51 

254.76 

255.02 

255.27 

255.52 

255.78 

256.03 

256.29 

Prnnnrtinnal  Parte  Inch.  O.OOI 

0.002 

0.003  0, 

.004  0.005  0.006 

0.007 

0.008  1 

0.009 

mm.  0.025 

0.051 

0.076  0 

.102  0.127  0.152 

0.178 

0.203  ( 

0.229 

&MITH80NIAN  TABLES. 


17 


Table  9 


INCHES  INTO  MILLIMETERS. 

i  inch  =  25.40005  mm. 


Inches. 

.00 

.01 

.02 

.03 

.04 

.05 

.06 

.07 

.08 

.09 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

10.00 

254.OO 

254.25 

254.51 

254.76 

255.02 

255.27 

255.52 

255.78 

256.03 

256.29 

IO.IO 

256.54 

256.79 

257.05 

257.30 

257.56 

257.81 

258.06 

258.32 

258.57 

258.83 

10.20 

259.08 

259-33 

259.59 

259.84 

260.  IO 

260.35 

260.60 

260.86 

261. II 

261.37 

10.30 

261.62 

261.87 

262.1, 

262.38 

262.64 

262.89 

263.14 

263.40 

263.65 

263.91 

10.40 

264. 16 

264.41 

264.6^ 

264.92 

265.18 

26543 

265.68 

265.94 

266.19 

266.45 

10.50 

266.70 

266.95 

267.21 

267.46 

267.72 

267.97 

268.22 

268.48 

268.73 

268.99 

10.60 

269.24 

269.49 

269.75 

270.OO 

270.26 

270.51 ' 

270.76 

271.02 

271.27 

271.53 

10.70 

271.78 

272.03 

272.29 

272.54 

272.80 

273.05 

273.30 

273.56 

273.81 

274.07 

10.80 

274.32 

274.57 

274.93 

275.08 

275-34 

275.59 

275.84 

276.IO 

276.35 

276.61 

10.90 

276.86 

277.II 

277.37 

277.62 

277.88 

278.13 

278.38 

278.64 

278.89 

279. 15 

11.00 

279.40 

279.65 

279.91 

280.16 

280.42 

280.67 

280.92 

281.18 

281.43 

281.69 

II.  10 

281.94 

282.19 

282.45 

282.70 

282.96 

283.21 

283.46 

283.72 

283.97 

284.23 

11.20 

284.48 

284.73 

284.99 

285.24 

285.50 

285.75 

286.00 

286.26 

286.51 

286.77 

11.30 

287.02 

287.27 

287.53 

287.78 

288.04 

288.29 

288.54 

288.80 

289.05 

289.31 

11.40 

289.56 

289.81 

290.07 

290.32 

290.58 

290.83 

291.08 

29I-34 

29I.59 

291.85 

11.50 

292.IO 

292.35 

292.61 

292.86 

293.12 

293-37 

293.62 

293.88 

294.13 

294-39 

11.60 

294.64 

294.89 

295.15 

295.40 

295.66 

295.91 

296. 16 

296.42 

296.67 

296.93 

11.70 

297.18 

29743 

297.69 

297.94 

298.20 

298.45 

298.70 

298.96 

299.21 

299.47 

11.80 

299.72 

299.97 

300.23 

300.48 

300.74 

300.99 

301.24 

301.50 

301-75 

302.OI 

11.90 

302.26 

302.51 

302.77 

303.02 

303.28 

303.53 

303.78 

304.04 

304.29 

304.55 

12.00 

304.80 

305.05 

305.31 

305.56 

305-82 

306.07 

306.32 

306.58 

306.83 

307.09 

12.10 

307-34 

307.59 

307.85 

308.  IO 

308.36 

308.61 

308.86 

309.12 

309.37 

309.63 

12.20 

309.88 

310.13 

310.39 

310.64 

310.90 

311.15 

311.40 

311.66 

3II-9I 

312.17 

12.30 

312.42 

3J2.67 

312.93 

313.18 

3I3.44 

313.69 

313.94 

314.20 

314.45 

314.71 

12.40 

3I4-96 

315.21 

31547 

3I5.72 

315-98 

3i6.23 

316.48 

316.74 

316.99 

317.25 

12.50 

317.50 

317.75 

318.OI 

318.26 

318.52 

318.77 

319.02 

319.28 

319.53 

3I9.79 

12.60 

320.04 

320.29 

320.55 

320.80 

321.06 

321.31 

321.56 

321.82 

322.07 

322.33 

12.70 

322.58 

322.83 

323.09 

323.34 

323.60 

323-85 

324.IO 

324-36 

324.61 

324.87 

12.80 

325-I2 

325.37 

325.63 

325.88 

326. 14 

326.39 

326.64 

326.90 

327.15 

327.41 

12.90 

327.66 

327.91 

328.17 

328.42 

328.68 

328.93 

329.18 

329.44 

329.69 

329.95 

13^00 

330.20 

330.45 

330.71 

330.96 

331.22 

331.47 

33I.72 

331.98 

332.23 

332.49 

13.10 

332.74 

332.99 

333.25 

333.50 

333.76 

334-01 

334.26 

334.52 

334-77 

335.03 

13.20 

335-28 

335-53 

335.79 

336.04 

336.30 

336.55 

336.80 

337.o6 

337.31 

337-57 

13-30 

337.82 

338.07 

338.33 

338.58 

338.84 

339.09 

339-34 

339.60 

339-85 

340.II 

13.40 

340.36 

340.61 

340.87 

341.12 

341.38 

341.63 

341.88 

342.14 

342.39 

342.65 

13.50 

342.90 

343-15 

34341 

343-66 

343.92 

344.17 

34442 

344-68 

344.93 

345.19 

13.60 

345-44 

345.69 

345.95 

346.20 

346.46 

346.71 

346.96 

347-22 

347-47 

347.73 

13.70 

347.98 

348.23 

348.49 

348.74 

349-00 

349-25 

349-50 

349.76 

35o.oi 

350.27 

13.80 

350.52 

350.77 

351.03 

351.28 

351.54 

351.79 

352.04 

352.30 

352.55 

352.81 

13.90 

353-06 

353-31 

353.57 

353.82 

354.o8 

354-33 

354.58 

354-84 

355.09 

355-35 

14.00 

355.60 

355.85 

356.II 

356.36 

356.62 

356.87 

357-12 

357.38 

357.63 

357.89 

!  I4.IO 

358.14 

358.39 

358.65 

358.90 

359-i6 

359-41 

359-66 

359.92 

360.17 

360.43 

14.20 

360.68 

360.93 

361.19 

361.44 

361.70 

36i.95 

362.20 

362.46 

362.71 

362.97 

I4.3O 

363.22 

36347 

363.73 

363.98 

364.24 

36449 

364.74 

365.00 

365.25 

365.51 

1440 

365.76 

366.01 

366.27 

366.52 

366.78 

367.03 

367.28 

367.54 

367.79 

368.05 

14.50 

368.30 

368.55 

368.81 

369.06 

369.32 

369.57 

369.82 

370.08 

370.33 

370.59 

14.60 

370.84 

371.09 

371.35 

371.60 

371.86 

372.11 

372.36 

372.62 

372.87 

373.13 

14.70 

373.38 

373.63 

373.89 

374.14 

374.40 

374.65 

374.90 

375.16 

375.41 

375.67 

14.80 

375.92 

376.17 

376.43 

376.68 

376.94 

377.19 

377-44 

377.70 

377-95 

378.21 

14.90 

378.46 

378.71 

378.97 

379.22 

379-48 

379-73 

379-98 

380.24 

380.49 

380.75 

15.00 

381.OO 

381.25 

381.51 

381.76 

382.02 

382.27 

382.52 

382.78 

383.03 

383.29 

. . .  d—  Tnch-  o-oox 

0.002 

0.003  °. 

004  0.005  0.006 

0.007 

0.008  < 

3.009 

rivi^uiuuiiai  1  auo.  ^  ^ 

L.  0.025 

0.051 

0.076  0. 

102  0.127  0.152 

0.178 

0.203  < 

3.229 

8mith*oniam  Table*. 

18 


INCHES  INTO  MILLIMETERS 

i  inch  —  25.40005  mm. 


Table  9. 


Inches. 

.00 

.01 

.02 

.03 

.04 

.05 

.06 

.07 

.08 

.09 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

15.00 

381.OO 

381.25 

381.51 

381.76 

382.02 

382.27 

382.52 

382.78 

383.03 

383-29 

15-10 

383-54 

383-79 

384.05 

384.30 

384-56 

384.81 

385.06 

385.32 

385.57 

385.83 

15.20 

386.08 

386.33 

386.59 

386.84 

387.10 

387.35 

387.60 

387.86 

388.II 

388.37 

15-30 

388.62 

388.87 

389-I3 

389-38 

389.64 

389.89 

390.14 

390.40 

390.65 

390.91 

15.40 

39i-i6 

391-41 

391.67 

391.92 

392.18 

392.43 

392.68 

392.94 

393.19 

393-45 

15.50 

393-70 

393-95 

394-21 

394.46 

394.72 

394-97 

395-22 

39548 

395-73 

395-99 

15.60 

396.24 

39.649 

396.75 

397.OO 

397.26 

397- 51 

397.76 

398.02 

398.27 

398.53 

15-70 

398.78 

399-03 

399.29 

399-54 

399.80 

400.05 

400.30 

400.56 

400.81 

401.07 

15-80 

401.32 

401.57 

401.83 

402.08 

402.34 

402.59 

402.84 

403.IO 

403.35 

403.61 

15-90 

403.86 

404.11 

404.37 

404.62 

404.88 

405.13 

405.38 

405-64 

405.89 

406.15 

16.00 

406.40 

406.65 

406.91 

407.16 

407.52 

407.67 

407.92 

408. 18 

408.43 

408.69 

16.10 

408.94 

409.19 

409-45 

409.70 

409.96 

410.21 

410.46 

410.72 

410.97 

411.23 

16.20 

411.48 

411-73 

411.99 

412.24 

412.50 

412.75 

413.00 

413.26 

413.51 

413-77 

16.30 

414.02 

414.27 

414.53 

414.78 

415.04 

415.29 

415.54 

415.80 

416.05 

416.31 

16.40 

416.56 

416.81 

417.07 

417.32 

417.58 

417.83 

418.08 

418.34 

418.59 

418.85 

16.50 

419.10 

4I9-35 

419.61 

419.86 

420.12 

420.37 

420.62 

420.88 

421.13 

421.39 

16.60 

421.64 

421.89 

422.15 

422.40 

422.66 

422.91 

423.16 

423.42 

423.67 

423.93 

16.70 

424.18 

424.43 

424.69 

424.94 

425.20 

425.45 

425.70 

425.96 

426.21 

426.47 

16.80 

426.72 

426.97 

427.23 

427.48 

427.74 

427.99 

428.24 

428.50 

428.75 

429.OI 

16.90 

429.26 

429-5I 

429.77 

430.02 

430.28 

430.53 

430.78 

431.04 

431.29 

431-55 

17.00 

431.80 

432.05 

432.31 

432.56 

432.82 

433.07 

433-32 

433.58 

433.83 

434.09 

17.10 

434-34 

434-59 

434.85 

435.10 

435.36 

435.6i 

435-86 

436.12 

436.37 

436.63 

17.20 

436.88 

437.13 

437-39 

437.64 

437.90 

438.15 

438.40 

438.66 

438.91 

439- 1 7 

17.30 

439-42 

439-67 

439-93 

440.18 

440.44 

440.69 

440.94 

441.20 

441.45 

441.71 

17.40 

441.96 

442.21 

442.47 

442.72 

442.98 

443.23 

44348 

443-74 

443-99 

444.25 

17.50 

444-50 

444-75 

445.01 

445.26 

445-52 

445-77 

446.02 

446.28 

446.53 

446.79 

17.60 

447.04 

447.29 

447-55 

447.80 

448.06 

448.31 

448.56 

448.82 

449.07 

449-33 

17.70 

449-58 

449-83 

450.09 

450.34 

450.60 

450.85 

45i.io 

451.36 

451.61 

451.87 

17.80 

452.12 

452.37 

452.63 

452.88 

453.14 

453-39 

453-64 

453.90 

454.15 

454-41 

17.90 

454-66 

454-91 

455.17 

45542 

455-68 

455-93 

456.18 

456.44 

456.69 

456.95 

18.00 

457-20 

457-45 

457.71 

457.96 

458.22 

458.47 

458.72 

458.98 

459-23 

459-49 

18.10 

459-74 

459-99 

460.25 

460.50 

460. 76 

461.01 

461.26 

461.52 

461.77 

462.03 

18.20 

462.28 

462.53 

462.79 

463.04 

463.30 

463.55 

463.80 

464.06 

464.31 

464.57 

18.30 

464.82 

465.07 

465.33 

465.58 

465.84 

466.09 

466.34 

466.60 

466.85 

467.11 

18.40 

467-36 

467.61 

467.87 

468. 12 

468.38 

468.63 

468.88 

469.14 

469-39 

469-35 

|  18.50 

469.90 

47o.i5 

470.41 

470.66 

470.92 

471.17 

471.42 

471.68 

471.93 

472.19 

18.60 

472.44 

472.69 

472.95 

473.20 

473.46 

473.71 

473.96 

474-22 

474-47 

474-73 

18.70 

474.98 

475-23 

475-49 

475-74 

476.00 

476.25 

476.50 

476.76 

477.01 

477.27 

18.80 

477-52 

477-77 

478.03 

478.28 

478.54 

478.79 

479.04 

479.30 

479-55 

479.81 

18.90 

480.06 

480.31 

480.57 

480.82 

481.08 

48i.33 

481.58 

481.84 

482.09 

482.35 

19.00 

482.60 

482.85 

483.11 

483.36 

483.62 

483.87 

484.12 

484.38 

484.63 

484.89 

19.10 

485.14 

485.39 

485.65 

485.90 

486.16 

486.41 

486.66 

486.92 

487.17 

48743 

19.20 

487.68 

487-93 

488.19 

488.44 

488.70 

488.95 

489.20 

489.46 

489.71 

489.97 

19.30 

490.22 

490-47 

490.73 

490.98 

491.24 

491.49 

491.74 

492.OO 

492.25 

492.51 

19.40 

492.76 

493-oi 

493-27 

493.52 

493-78 

494.03 

494-28 

494-54 

494.79 

495-05 

19.50 

495-30 

495-55 

495-8i 

496.06 

496.32 

496.57 

496.82 

497.08 

497.33 

497-59 

19.60 

497.84 

498.09 

498-35 

498.60 

498.86 

499.11 

499-36 

499.62 

499.87 

500.13 

19.70 

500.38 

500.34 

500.89 

501.14 

501.40 

501.65 

501.91 

502.16 

502.41 

502.67- 

19.80 

502.92 

503.18 

503.43 

503.68 

503.94 

504.19 

504.45 

504.70 

504.95 

505.21 

19.90 

505.46 

505-72 

505.97 

506.22 

506.48 

506.73 

506.99 

507.24 

507.49 

507.75 

20.00 

508.00 

508.26 

508.51 

508.76 

509.02 

509.27 

509.53 

509.78 

510.03 

1  510.29 

n  ..  ,  „  „  Inch.  0.001 

Proportional  Paris. 

0.002 

0.003  0 

.004  0.005  0.006 

0.007 

0.008  1 

0.009 

mm.  0.025 

0.051 

0.076  0, 

.102  0.127  0.152 

0.17S 

0.203  1 

0.229 

8mithsonian  Tables. 


19 


Table  9. 


INCHES  INTO  MILLIMETERS 

i  inch  =  25.40005  mm. 


|  Inches. 

1 

.00 

.01 

.02 

.03 

.04 

.05 

.06 

.07 

.08 

.09 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

20.00 

508.00 

508.26 

508.51 

508.76 

509.02 

509.27 

509.53 

509.78 

510.03 

510.29 

20.10 

510.54 

510.80 

511.05 

511.30 

511.56 

511.81 

512.07 

512.32 

512.57 

512.83 

20.20 

5I3.o8 

5I3.34 

5I3.59 

5I3.84 

514.10 

514.35 

514.61 

514.86 

515.II 

515.37 

20.30 

515.62 

515.88 

516.13 

516.38 

516.64 

516.89 

517.15 

517.40 

517.65 

5I7.9I 

20.40 

518.16 

518.42 

518.67 

518.92 

519.18 

519.43 

519.69 

519.94 

520.19 

520.45 

20.50 

520.70 

520.96 

521.21 

521.46 

521.72 

521.97 

522.23 

522.48 

522.73 

522.99 

20.60 

523.24 

523.50 

523.75 

524.OO 

524.26 

524.5I 

524.77 

525.02 

525.27 

525.53 

20.70 

525.78 

526.04 

526.29 

526.54 

526.80 

526.95 

527.31 

527.56 

527.81 

528.07 

20.80 

528.32 

528.58 

528.83 

529.08 

529.34 

529.59 

529.85 

530.10 

530.35 

530.61 

20.90 

530.86 

531.12 

531-37 

531.62 

531.88 

532.13 

532.39 

532.64 

532.89 

533.15 

0 

0 

CM 

53340 

533-66 

533-91 

534-16 

534.42 

534-67 

534.93 

535-18 

535-43 

535.69 

21.10 

535-94 

536.20 

536.45 

536.70 

536.96 

537-21 

537-47 

537.72 

537.98 

538.23 

21.20 

538.48 

538.74 

538.99 

539.24 

539-50 

539-75 

54o.oi 

540.26 

540.51 

540.77 

21.30 

541.02 

541.28 

541.53 

54I.78 

542.04 

542.29 

542.55 

542.80 

543.05 

543.31 

21.40 

543-56 

543-82 

544.07 

544.32 

544.58 

544.83 

545.09 

545-34 

545-59 

545-85 

21.50 

546.10 

546.36 

546.61 

546.86 

547.12 

547.37 

547.63 

547.88 

548.13 

548.39 

21.60 

548.64 

548.90 

549-15 

549-40 

549.66 

549-91 

550.17 

550.42 

550.67 

550.93 

21.70 

55i.i8 

551-44 

551.69 

551-94 

552.20 

552.45 

552.71 

552.96 

553-21 

553-47 

21. 80 

553.72 

553.98 

554.23 

55448 

554-74 

554.99 

555-25 

555-50 

555-75 

556.01 

2I.9O 

556.26 

556.52 

556.77 

557-02 

557-28 

557-53 

557-79 

558.04 

558.29 

558.55 

22.00 

558.80 

559-06 

559-31 

559-56 

559-82 

560.07 

560.03 

560.58 

560.83 

561.09 

22.10 

56i.34 

561.60 

561.85 

562.10 

562.36 

562.61 

562.87 

563.12 

563.37 

563.63 

22.20 

563.88 

564.14 

564.39 

564.64 

564.90 

565.15 

56541 

565.66 

565.91 

566.17 

22.30 

566.42 

566.68 

566.93 

567.18 

56744 

567.69 

567.95 

568.20 

568.45 

568.71 

22.40 

568.96 

569.22 

56947 

569.72 

569.98 

570.23 

570.49 

570.74 

570.99 

571.25 

22.50 

571.50 

571.76 

572.01 

572.26 

572.52 

572.77 

573-03 

573-28 

573-53 

573-79 

22.60 

574-04 

574-30 

574-55 

574.8o 

575-06 

575-31 

575-57 

575.82 

576.07 

576.33 

22.70 

576.58 

576.84 

577.09 

577-34 

577.60 

577-95 

578.11 

578.36 

578.6i 

578.87 

22.80 

579-12 

579-38 

579.63 

579.88 

580. 14 

580.39 

580.65 

580.90 

581.15 

581.41 

22.90 

581.66 

581.92 

582.17 

582.42 

582.68 

582.93 

583.19 

58344 

583.69 

583.95 

23.00 

584.20 

584.46 

584.71 

584.96 

585.22 

58547 

585.73 

585.98 

586.23 

586.49 

23.10 

586.74 

587.00 

587.25 

587.50 

587.76 

588.01 

588.27 

588.52 

588.77 

589.03 

23.20 

589.28 

589.54 

589.79 

590.04 

590.30 

590.55 

590.81 

591.06 

59i.3i 

591-57 

23.30 

591-82 

592.08 

592.33 

592.58 

592.84 

593-09 

593-35 

593-60 

593-85 

594.II 

23.40 

594.36 

594.62 

594.87 

595-12 

595.38 

595.63 

595.89 

596.14 

596.39 

596.65 

23.50 

596.90 

597.16 

597-41 

597-66 

597-92 

598.17 

598.43 

598.68 

598.93 

599-19 

23.60 

599-44 

599-70 

599.95 

600.20 

600.46 

600.71 

600.97 

601.22 

601.47 

601.73 

23.70 

601.98 

602.24 

602.49 

602. 74 

603.00 

603.25 

603.51 

603.76 

604.01 

604.27 

23.80 

604.52 

604.78 

605.03 

605.28 

605.54 

605.79 

606.05 

606.30 

606.55 

606.81 

23.90 

607.06 

607.32 

607.57 

607.82 

608.08 

608.33 

608.59 

608.84 

609.09 

609.35 

24.00 

609.60 

609.86 

6lO.  1 1 

610.36 

610.62 

610.87 

611.13 

611.38 

611.63 

611.89 

24.10 

612.14 

612.40 

612.65 

612.90, 

613.16 

613.41 

613.67 

613.92 

614.17 

614.43 

24.20 

614.68 

614.94 

615.19 

61544 

615.70 

6i5.95 

616.21 

616.46 

616.71 

616.97 

24.30 

617.22 

617.48 

617.73 

617.98 

618.24 

618.49 

618.75 

619.00 

619.25 

619.51 

24.40 

619.76 

620.02 

620.27 

620.52 

620.78 

621.03 

621.29 

621.54 

621.79 

622.05 

24.50 

622.30 

622.56 

622.81 

623.06 

623.32 

623.57 

623.83 

624.08 

624.33 

624.59 

24.60 

624.84 

625  10 

625.35 

625.60 

625.86 

626.11 

626.37 

626.62 

626.87 

627.13 

24.70 

627.38 

627.64 

627.89 

628.14 

628.40 

628.65 

628.91 

629.16 

629.41 

629.67 

24.80 

629.92 

630.18 

630.43 

630.68 

630.94 

631.19 

631.45 

631.70 

631-95 

632.21 

24.90 

632.46 

632.72 

632.97 

633.22 

633.48 

633-73 

633-99 

634.24 

634.49 

634-75 

25.00 

635.00 

635-26 

635.51 

635.76 

636.02 

636.27 

636.53 

636.78 

637.03 

637.29 

ProDortional  Parts  ^nc^*  o.ooi 

0.002 

0.003  0.004  0.005  0.006 

0.007 

0.008  0.009 

1  1  UUUI  UUUdl  1  (11  lOi 

mm.  0.025 

0.051 

0.076  0.102  0.127  0.152 

0.178 

0.203  0.229 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


20 


INCHES  INTO  MILLIMETERS 

i  inch  =  25.40005  mm. 


Table  9. 


Inches. 

.00 

.01 

.02 

.03 

.04 

.05 

.06 

.07 

.08 

.09 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

25.00 

635.00 

635-26 

635.51 

635.76 

636.02 

636.27 

636.53 

636.78 

637.03 

637.29 

25.10 

637.54 

637.80 

638.05 

638.30 

638.56 

638.81 

639.07 

639.32 

639.57 

639.83 

25.20 

640.08 

640.34 

640.59 

640.84 

641.IO 

641.35 

641.61 

641.86 

642.II 

642.37 

25-3° 

642.62 

642.88 

643.I3 

643.38 

643.64 

643.89 

644.15 

644.40 

644.65 

644.91 

25.40 

645.16 

645.42 

645.67 

645.92 

646. 18 

646.43 

646.69 

646.94 

647.19 

647.45 

25.50 

647.70 

647.96 

648.21 

648.46 

648.72 

648.97 

649.23 

649.48 

649-73 

649.99 

25.60 

650.24 

650.50 

650.75 

651.OO 

651.26 

651.51 

651.77 

65^.02 

654.27 

652.53 

25.70 

652.78 

653.04 

653.29 

653-54 

653.80 

654.05 

654.31 

654.56 

654.81 

655.07 

25.80 

655-32 

655.58 

655.83 

656.08 

656.34 

656.59 

656.85 

657.10 

657-35 

657.61 

25.90 

657.86 

658.12 

658.37 

658.62 

658.88 

659.13 

659-39 

659.64 

659.89 

660. 15 

26.00 

660.40 

660.66 

660.91 

66l.l6 

661.42 

661.67 

661.93 

662.18 

662.43 

662.69 

26.10 

662.94 

663.20 

663.45 

663.70 

663.96 

664.21 

664.47 

664.72 

664.97 

665.23 

26.20 

665.48 

665.74 

665.99 

666.24 

666.50 

666.75 

667.01 

667.26 

667.51 

667.77 

26.30 

668.02 

668.28 

668.53 

668.78 

669.04 

669.29 

669.55 

669.80 

670.05 

670.31 

26.40 

670.56 

670.82 

671.07 

671.32 

671.58 

671.83 

672.09 

672.34 

672.59 

672.85 

26.50 

673.10 

673.36 

673.61 

673.86 

674.12 

674-37 

674.63 

674.88 

675.13 

675.39 

26.60 

675.64 

675.90 

676.15 

676.40 

676.66 

676.91 

677.17 

67742 

677.67 

677.93 

26.70 

678.18 

678.44 

678.69 

678.94 

679.20 

679-45 

679.71 

679.96 

680.21 

680.47 

26.80 

680.72 

680.98 

681.23 

681.48 

681.74 

681.99 

682.25 

682.50 

682.75 

683.OI 

26.90 

683.26 

683.52 

683.77 

684.02 

684.28 

684.53 

684.79 

685.04 

685.29 

685.55 

27.00 

685.80 

686.06 

686.31 

686.56 

686.82 

687.07 

687.33 

687.58 

687.83 

688.09 

27.10 

688.34 

688.60 

688.85 

689.  IO 

689.36 

689.61 

689.87 

690.12 

690.37 

690.63 

27.20 

690.88 

691.14 

691.39 

691.64 

691.90 

692.15 

692.41 

692.66 

692.91 

693.17 

27.30 

693.42 

693.68 

693-93 

694.18 

694.44 

694.69 

694-95 

695.20 

69545 

695.71 

27.40 

695.96 

696.22 

696.47 

696.72 

696.98 

697.23 

697.49 

697.74 

697.99 

698.25 

27.50 

698.50 

698.76 

699.OI 

699.26 

699.52 

699.77 

700.03 

700.28 

700.53 

700.79 

27.60 

701.04 

701.30 

701.55 

701.80 

702.06 

702.31 

702.57 

702.82 

703.07 

703.33 

27.70 

703.58 

703.84 

704.09 

704.34 

704.60 

704.85 

705.II 

705.36 

705.61 

705.87 

27.80 

706.12 

706.38 

706.63 

706.88 

707.14 

707.39 

707.65 

707.90 

708.15 

708.41 

27.90 

708.66 

708.92 

709.17 

709.42 

709.68 

709.93 

710.19 

710.44 

710.69 

710.95 

28.00 

711.20 

711.46 

7II-7I 

711.96 

712.22 

712.47 

712.73 

712.98 

713.23 

7I3.49 

28.10 

7I3.74 

714.OO 

7I4.25 

714.50 

714.76 

715.OI 

715.27 

7I5.52 

7I5.77 

716.03 

28.20 

716.28 

716.54 

716.79 

717.04 

717.30 

717.55 

717.81 

718.06 

718.31 

718.57 

28.30 

718.82 

719.08 

7I9.33 

719.58 

719.84 

720.09 

720.35 

720.60 

720.85 

721. II 

28.40 

721.36 

721.62 

721.87 

722.12 

722.39 

722.63 

722.89 

723.14 

723.39 

723.65 

28.50 

723.90 

724.16 

724.41 

724.66 

724.92 

725.17 

72543 

725.68 

725.93 

726.19 

28.60 

726.44 

726.70 

726.95 

727.20 

727.46 

727.71 

727.97 

728.22 

728.47 

728.73 

28.70 

728.98 

729.24 

729.49 

729.74 

730.00 

730.25 

730.51 

730.76 

731-01 

731.27 

28.80 

73I.52 

73I.78 

732.03 

732.28 

732.54 

732.79 

733.05 

733.30 

733-55 

733-81 

28.90 

734.06 

734-32 

734-57 

734.82 

735.08 

735-33 

735-59 

735.84 

736.09 

736.35 

29.00 

736.60 

736.86 

737.11 

737.36 

737.62 

737.87 

738.13 

738.38 

738.63 

738.89 

29.10 

739- 14 

739-40 

739.65 

739.90 

740.16 

740.41 

740.67 

740.92 

741.17 

741.43 

29.20 

741.68 

741.94 

742.19 

742.44 

742.70 

742.95 

743.21 

743-46 

743-71 

743-97 

29.30 

744.22 

744.48 

744.73 

744.98 

745.24 

745-49 

745.75 

746.00 

746.25 

746.51 

29.40 

746.76 

747-02 

747.27 

747.52 

747.78 

748.03 

748.29 

748.54 

748.79 

749-05 

29.50 

749.30 

749.56 

749.81 

750.06 

750.32 

750.57 

750.83 

751.08 

751-33 

751-59 

29.60 

75I.84 

752.10 

752.35 

752.60 

752.86 

753-11 

753.37 

753.62 

753-87 

754.13 

29.70 

754.38 

754-64 

754.89 

755.14 

755.40 

755-65 

755.91 

756.16 

756.41 

756.67 

29.80 

756.92 

757-18 

757.43 

757-68 

757-94 

758.19 

758.45 

758.70 

758.95 

759-21 

29.90 

759.46 

759-72 

759-97 

760.22 

|  760.48 

760.73 

760.99 

761.24 

761.49 

76i.75 

30.00 

762.00 

762.26 

762.51 

762.76 

|  763-02 

763.27 

763.53 

763.78 

764.03 

764.29 

r.  ..  .  r,  .  Inch.  O.OOI 

Prnnnrtmnal  Parte 

0.002 

0.003  O' 

,004  0.005  0.006 

0.007 

0.008  1 

0.009 

mm.  0.025 

0.051 

0.076  0, 

.102  0.127  0.152 

0.178 

0.203  1 

0.229 

8mith60nian  Tables. 


21 


Table  9 


INCHES  INTO  MILLIMETERS. 

i  inch  =  25.40005  mm. 


Inches. 

.00 

.01 

.02 

.03 

.04 

.05 

.06 

.07 

.08 

.09 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

30.00 

762.00 

762.26 

762.51 

762.76 

763.02 

763.27 

763.53 

763.78 

764.03 

764.29 

30.10 

764.54 

764.80 

765.05 

765.30 

765.56 

765.81 

766.07 

766.32 

766.57 

766.83 

30.20 

767.08 

767.34 

767.59 

767.84 

768.  IO 

768.35 

768.61 

768.86 

769.II 

769.37 

30.30 

769.62 

769.88 

770.13 

770.38 

770.64 

770.89 

771.15 

771.40 

771.65 

771.91 

30.40 

772.16 

772.42 

772.67 

772.92 

773-18 

773-43 

773.69 

773-94 

774.19 

774-45 

30.50 

774.70 

774.96 

775-21 

775-46 

775.72 

775-97 

776.23 

776.48 

776.73 

776.99 

30.60 

777.24 

777.50 

777-75 

778.00 

778.26 

778.51 

778.77 

779.02 

779.27 

779-53 

30.70 

779.78 

780.04 

780.29 

780.54 

780.80 

781.05 

781.31 

781.56 

781.81 

782.07 

30.80 

782.32 

782.58 

782.83 

783.08 

783.34 

783.59 

783.85 

784.IO 

784.35 

784.61 

30.90 

784.86 

785.12 

785.37 

785.62 

785.88 

786.13 

786.39 

786.64 

786.89 

787.15 

31.00 

787.40 

787.66 

787.91 

788.16 

788.42 

788.67 

788.93 

789.18 

78943 

789.69 

31-10 

789.94 

790.20 

790.45 

790. 70 

790.96 

791.21 

791.47 

791.72 

791.97 

792.23 

3T-2° 

792.48 

792.74 

792.99 

793-24 

793.50 

793-75 

794-01 

794.26 

794-51 

794-77 

31-30 

795.02 

795.28 

795-53 

795.78 

796.04 

796.29 

796.55 

796.80 

797-05 

797.31 

31.40 

797.56 

797.82 

798.07 

798.32 

798.58 

798.83 

799.09 

799-34 

799-59 

799-85 

31.50 

800.10 

800.36 

800.61 

800.86 

8oi.I2 

801.37 

801.63 

801.88 

802.13 

802.39 

31.60 

802.64 

802.90 

803.15 

803.40 

803.66 

803.91 

804.17 

804.42 

804.67 

804.93 

31.70 

805.18 

805.44 

805.69 

805.94 

806.20 

806.45 

806.71 

806.96 

807.21 

807.47 

31.80 

807.72 

807.98 

808.23 

808.48 

808.74 

808.99 

809.25 

809.50 

809.75 

810.01 

31.90 

810.26 

810.52 

810.77 

811.02 

811.28 

811.53 

811.79 

812.04 

812.29 

812.55 

32.00 

812.80 

_  .  Inch.  0.001 

Proportional  Parts. 

mm.  0.025 

0.002 

0.051  < 

0.003  0.004  0.005  0.006 
0.076  0.102  0.127  0.152 

f''  00 

8  E* 
d  d 

0.008  0.009 

0.203  0.229 

Smithsonian  Tables 


22 


MILLIMETERS  INTO  INCHES. 

i  mm.  =  0.03937  inch. 


Table  10. 


Milli¬ 

meters. 

0 

' 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

0 

0.0000 

O.0394 

0.0787 

O.Il8l 

0.1575 

0.1968 

O.2362 

O.2756 

0.3150 

0-3543 

10 

0*3937 

0.4331 

O.4724 

0.5118 

0.5512 

0.5906 

O.6299 

O.6693 

0.7087 

0.7480 

20 

0.7874 

0.8268 

O.8661 

0.9055 

0.9449 

O.9842 

I.0236 

I.0630 

I.IO24 

I.1417 

30 

1.1811 

I.2205 

I.2598 

I.2992 

1.3386 

1.3780 

I.4I73 

1.4567 

I.4961 

1-5354 

40 

1.5748 

I.6142 

1.6535 

I.6929 

1.7323 

I.7716 

I.8IIO 

I.8504 

I.8898 

I.9291 

50 

1.9685 

2.0079 

2.0472 

2.0866 

2.1260 

2.1654 

2.2047 

2.2441 

2.2835 

2.3228 

60 

2.3622 

2.4016 

2.4409 

2.4803 

2.5197 

2.5590 

2.5984 

2.6378 

2.6772 

2.7165 

70 

2.7559 

2*7953 

2.8346 

2.8740 

2.9134 

2.9528 

2.9921 

3.03I5 

3.0709 

3.1 102 

80 

3.1496 

3.1890 

3.2283 

3.2677 

3.3071 

3.3464 

3.3858 

34252 

3.4646 

3.5039 

90 

3-5433 

3-5828 

3.6220 

3.6614 

3.7008 

37402 

3-7795 

3.8189 

3.8583 

3.8976 

100 

3.9370 

3.9764 

4.0157 

4.055I 

4.0945 

4.1338 

4.1732 

4.2126 

4.2520 

4.2913 

no 

4.3307 

4.3701 

4.4094 

4.4488 

4.4882 

4.5276 

4.5669 

4.6063 

4-6457 

4.6850 

120 

4.7244 

4.7638 

4.8031 

4.8425 

4.8819 

4.9212 

4.9606 

5.0000 

5.0394 

5.0787 

130 

5.1181 

5.1575 

5.1968 

5.2362 

5.2756 

5.3150 

5-3543 

5.3937 

54331 

54724 

140 

5.5118 

5-5512 

5.5905 

5.6299 

5.6693 

5.7086 

5.7480 

57874 

5.8268 

5.8661 

150 

5.9055 

5-9449 

5.9842 

6.0236 

6.0630 

6.IO24 

6.1417 

6.l8ll 

6.2205 

6.2598 

160 

6.2992 

6.3386 

6.3779 

6.4173 

6.4567 

6.4960 

6-5354 

6.5748 

6.6142 

6.6535 

170 

6.6929 

6.7323 

6.7716 

6.8l  IO 

6.8504 

6.8898 

6.9291 

6.9685 

7.0079 

7.0472 

180 

7.0866 

7.1260 

7.1653 

7.2047 

7.2441 

7.2834 

7.3228 

7.3622 

7.4016 

74409 

190 

74803 

7.5197 

7.5590 

7.5984 

7.6378 

7.6772 

7.7165 

7-7559 

7-7953 

7.8346 

200 

7.8740 

7.9I34 

7.9527 

7.9921 

8.0315 

8.0708 

8.1102 

8.1496 

8.1890 

8.2283 

210 

8.2677 

8.3071 

8.3464 

8.3858 

8.4252 

8.4646 

8.5039 

8.5433 

8.5827 

8.6220 

220 

8.6614 

8.7008 

8.7401 

8-7795 

8.8189 

8.8582 

8.8976 

8.9370 

8.9764 

9.0157 

230 

9.0551 

9.0945 

9.1338 

9.1732 

9.2126 

9.2520 

9.2913 

9.3307 

9.3701 

9.4094 

240 

9.4488 

9.4882 

9.5275 

9.5669 

9.6063 

9.6456 

9.6850 

97244 

9.7638 

9.803I 

250 

9.8425 

9.8819 

9.9212 

9.9606 

10.0000 

IO.0394 

10.0787 

IO.Il8l 

io.i575 

IO.I968 

260 

10.2362 

10.2756 

IO.3149 

10.3543 

10.3937 

IO.4330 

10.4724 

IO.5118 

10.5512 

10.5905 

270 

10.6299 

10.6693 

IO.7086 

IO.7480 

10.7874 

IO.8268 

10.8661 

IO.9055 

10.9449 

IO.9842 

280 

11.0236 

11.0630 

II. IO23 

II-I4I7 

ii.i8ij 

II.2204 

11.2598 

II.2992 

II.3338 

11.3779 

290 

11.4173 

11.4568 

II.4960 

11-5354 

11.5748 

II.6142 

11.6535 

II.6929 

11.7323 

II.7716 

300 

11.8110 

11.8504 

II.8897 

II. 9291 

11.9685 

12.0078 

12.0472 

12.0866 

12.1260 

12.1653 

310 

12.2047 

12.2441 

12.2834 

12.3228 

12.3622 

12.4016 

12.4409 

12.4803 

12.5197 

12.5590 

320 

12.5984 

12.6378 

12.6771 

12.7165 

12.7559 

12.7952 

12.8346 

12.8740 

12.9134 

12.9527 

330 

12.9921 

13-0315 

13.0708 

I3. 1102 

13.1496 

13.1890 

13.2283 

13.2677 

13.3071 

13.3464 

340 

13-3858 

13.4252 

134645 

I3.5039 

13.5433 

13.5826 

13.6220 

13.6614 

13.7008 

13.7401 

350 

13.7795 

13.8189 

13-8582 

I3.8976 

13.9370 

13.9764 

14.0157 

I4.055I 

14.0945 

14.1338 

360 

14.1732 

14.2126 

14.2519 

I4.29I3 

14.3307 

14.3700 

14.4094 

14.4488 

14.4882 

14.5275 

370 

14-5669 

14.6063 

14.6456 

14  6850 

14.7244 

14.7638 

14.8031 

14-8425 

14.8819 

14.9212 

380 

14.9606 

15.0000 

15.0393 

I5.O787 

15.1181 

15.1574 

15.1968 

15.2362 

15.2756 

T5.3i49 

390 

15.3543 

15.3937 

154330 

154724 

15.5118 

I5.55I2 

15-5905 

15.6299 

15.6693 

15.7086 

400 

15.7480 

15.7874 

15-8267 

15.8661 

15.9055 

15.9448 

15-9842 

16.0236 

16.0630 

16.1023 

Tenths  of  a  millimeter. 


Hundredths  of  a  millimeter. 


mm. 

Inch. 

mm. 

Inch. 

mm. 

Inch. 

mm. 

Inch. 

0.1 

0.0039 

0.6 

0.0236 

0.01 

0.0004 

0.06 

0.0024 

.2 

.0079 

•7 

.0C76 

.02 

.0008 

•07 

.0028 

•3 

.0118 

.S 

.0315 

.03 

.0012 

.08 

.0031 

4 

.0157 

•9 

.0354 

.04 

.0016 

.09 

.0035 

•5 

.0197 

1.0 

.0394 

.05 

.0020 

.10 

.0039 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


23 


Table  10 


MILLIMETERS  INTO  INCHES. 

i  mm.  =  0.03937  inch. 


Milli¬ 

meters. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

| 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

400 

I5-748 

15.752 

I5.756 

I5.760 

I5-764 

15.768 

15-772 

I5-776 

15-779 

15.783 

401 

I5-787 

15.791 

15-795 

15-799 

15-803 

15.807 

15.811 

15.815 

15-819 

15.823 

402 

15-827 

15.831 

15.835 

I5-839 

15.842 

15-846 

I5-850 

I5.854 

15-858 

15.862 

403 

15.866 

15.870 

I5-874 

15.878 

15.882 

15.886 

15.890 

I5-894 

15.898 

15.902 

404 

I5-905 

I5-909 

15.913 

I5-9I7 

15.921 

I5-925 

15.929 

15-933 

15-937 

15-941 

405 

15-945 

15-949 

15-953 

15-957 

15.961 

15.965 

15.968 

15-972 

I5-976 

15.980 

406 

15.984 

15.988 

15.992 

i5.-996 

16.OOO 

16.004 

16.008 

16.012 

16.016 

16.020 

407 

16.024 

16.028 

16.031 

16.035 

16.039 

16.043 

16.047 

16.051 

16.055 

16.059 

408 

16.063 

16.067 

16.071 

16.075 

16.079 

16.083 

16.087 

16.091 

16.094 

16.098 

409 

16.102 

16.106 

16. 1 10 

16.114 

16.II8 

16.122 

16.126 

16.130 

16.134 

16.138 

410 

16.142 

16.146 

16.150 

16.154 

16.157 

16.  l6l 

16.165 

16.169 

16.173 

16.177 

41 1 

16.181 

16.185 

16.189 

16.193 

16.197 

16.201 

16.205 

16.209 

16.213 

16.217 

412 

16.220 

16.224 

16.228 

16.232 

16.236 

16.240 

16.244 

16.248 

16.252 

16.256 

413 

16.260 

16.264 

16.268 

16.272 

16.276 

16.279 

16.283 

16.287 

16.291 

16.295 

414 

16.299 

16.303 

16.307 

16.311 

16.315 

16.319 

16.323 

16.327 

16.331 

16.335 

415 

16.339 

16.342 

16.346 

16.350 

16.354 

16.358 

16.362 

16.366 

16.370 

16.374 

416 

16.378 

16.382 

16.386 

16.390 

16.394 

16.398 

16.402 

16.405 

16.409 

16.413 

417 

16.417 

16.421 

16.425 

16.429 

16.433 

16.437 

16.441 

16.445 

16.449 

16.453 

418 

16.457 

16.461 

16.465 

16.468 

16.472 

16.476 

16.480 

16.484 

16.488 

16.492 

419 

16.496 

16.500 

16.504 

16.508 

16.512 

16.516 

16.520 

16.524 

16.528 

16.531 

420 

16.535 

16.539 

i6.543 

16.547 

16.551 

16.555 

16.559 

16.563 

16.567 

16.571 

421 

16.575 

16.579 

16.583 

16.587 

16.591 

16.594 

16.598 

16.602 

16.606 

l6.6lO 

422 

16.614 

16.618 

16.622 

16.626 

16.630 

16.634 

16.638 

16.642 

16.646 

16.650 

423 

16.654 

16.657 

16.661 

16.665 

16.669 

16.673 

16.677 

16.681 

16.685 

16.689 

424 

16.693 

16.697 

16.701 

16.705 

16.709 

16.713 

16.717 

16.720 

16.724 

16.728 

425 

16.732 

16.736 

16.740 

16.744 

16.748 

16.752 

16.756 

16.760 

16.764 

16.768 

426 

16.772 

16.776 

16.779 

16.783 

16.787 

16.791 

16.795 

16.799 

16.803 

16.807 

427 

16.81 1 

16.815 

16.819 

16.823 

16.827 

16.831 

16.835 

16.839 

16.842 

16.846 

428 

16.850 

16.854 

16.858 

16.862 

16.866 

16.870 

16.874 

16.878 

16.882 

16.886 

429 

16.890 

16.894 

16.898 

16.902 

16.905 

16.909 

16.913 

16.917 

16.921 

16.925 

430 

16.929 

16.933 

16.937 

16.941 

16.945 

16.949 

16.953 

16.957 

16.961 

16.965 

43i 

16.968 

16.972 

16.976 

16.980 

16.984 

16.988 

16.992 

16.996 

17.000 

17.004 

43  2 

17.008 

17.012 

17.016 

17.020 

17.024 

17.028 

17.031 

17-035 

17.039 

17-043 

433 

17.047 

17.051 

17.055 

17.059 

17.063 

17.067 

17.071 

17.075 

17.079 

17.083 

434 

17.087 

I7-°9I 

17.094 

17.098 

17.IO2 

17.106 

17. no 

I7.II4 

17.118 

17.122 

435 

17.126 

17.130 

17.134 

17.138 

17.142 

17.146 

17.150 

17.154 

17.157 

17.161 

436 

17.165 

17.169 

17-173 

17.177 

I7.l8l 

17.185 

17.189 

I7.I93 

17.197 

17.201 

437 

17.205 

17.209 

17.213 

17.217 

17.220 

17.224 

17.228 

17.232 

17.236 

17.240 

438 

17.244 

17.248 

17.252 

17.256 

17.260 

17.264 

17.268 

17.272 

17.276 

17.279 

439 

17.283 

17.287 

17.291 

17-295 

17.299 

I7-303 

17.307 

17.3H 

17.315 

17.319 

440 

17-323 

17.327 

17-331 

17-335 

17-339 

17-342 

17-346 

17.350 

17.354 

I7-358 

441 

17.362 

17.366 

17.370 

17-374 

17.378 

17.382 

17.386 

17.390 

17.394 

17.398 

442 

17.402 

17405 

17.409 

17.413 

17.417 

I742I 

17.425 

17.429 

17.433 

17-437 

443 

17.441 

17-445 

17-449 

17-453 

17-457 

17.461 

17-465 

17.468 

17.472 

17.476 

444 

17.480 

17.484 

17.488 

17.492 

17.496 

17-500 

17.504 

I7.508 

17.512 

17.516 

445 

17.520 

17.524 

17.528 

I7.53I 

17-535 

17-539 

17.543 

17-547 

I7.55I 

17-555 

446 

17-559 

17.563 

I7-567 

I7.57I 

17.575 

17-579 

17.583 

17.587 

I7-59I 

17-594 

447 

17.598 

17.602 

17.606 

17.610 

17.614 

17.618 

17.622 

17.626 

17.630 

17-634 

448 

17.638 

17.642 

17.646 

17.650 

17.654 

17.657 

17.661 

17.665 

17.669 

17.673 

449 

17.677 

17.681 

17.685 

17.689 

17.693 

17.697 

17.701 

17.705 

17.709 

17.713 

450 

17.717 

17.720 

17.724 

17.728 

17.732 

17.736 

17.740 

17.744 

17.748 

17-752 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


24 


MILLIMETERS  INTO  INCHES. 

i  mm.  =  0.03937  inch. 


Table  1  0. 


Milli¬ 

meters. 

.0 

■ 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

450 

17.717 

17.720 

17.724 

17.728 

17.732 

17.736 

17.740 

17.744 

17.748 

*7-752 

45i 

17.756 

17.760 

17.764 

17.768 

17.772 

17.776 

*7-779 

17.783 

17.787 

17.791 

452 

17.795 

17.799 

17.803 

17.807 

17.811 

*7.8*5 

17.819 

17.823 

17.827 

17.831 

453 

I7.835 

I7.839 

17.842 

17.846 

17.850 

I7.854 

*7.858 

17.862 

17.866 

17.870 

454 

17.874 

17.878 

17.882 

I7.SS6 

17.890 

17.894 

17.898 

17.902 

I7-905 

17.909 

455 

17-9*3 

17.917 

17.921 

17.925 

17.929 

17.933 

*7-937 

17.941 

17.945 

17-949 

456 

*7-953 

17.957 

17.961 

17.965 

17.968 

17.972 

17.976 

17.980 

17.984 

17.988 

457 

17.992 

17.996 

18.OOO 

18.004 

18.008 

18.012 

18.016 

18.020 

18.024 

18.028 

458 

18.031 

18.035 

18.039 

18.043 

18.047 

18.051 

18.055 

18.059 

18.063 

18.067 

459 

18.071 

18.075 

18.079 

18.083 

18.087 

18.091 

18.094 

18.098 

l8. 102 

18.106 

460 

18. 1 10 

18.114 

18.118 

l8.I22 

18.126 

18.130 

18.134 

18.138 

18.142 

18.146 

461 

18.150 

18.154 

18.157 

18.  l6l 

18.165 

18.169 

18.173 

*8.177 

l8.l8l 

18.185 

462 

18.189 

18.193 

18.197 

18.201 

18.205 

18.209 

18.213 

18.216 

18.220 

18.224 

463 

18.228 

18.232 

18.236 

18.240 

18.244 

18.248 

18.252 

18.256 

18.260 

18.264 

464 

18.268 

18.272 

18.276 

18.279 

18.283 

18.287 

18.291 

18.295 

18.299 

18.303 

465 

18.307 

18.311 

18.315 

18.319 

18.323 

18.327 

18.331 

*8.335 

18.339 

18.342 

466 

18.346 

18.350 

18.354 

18.35s 

18.362 

18.366 

18.370 

18.374 

18.378 

18.382 

467 

18.386 

18.390 

18.394 

18.398 

18.402 

18.405 

18.409 

18.413 

I8.417 

18.421 

468 

18.425 

18.429 

18.433 

18.437 

18.441 

18.445 

18.449 

*8.453 

18.457 

18.461 

469^ 

18.465 

18.468 

18.472 

18.476 

18.480 

18.484 

18.488 

18.492 

18.496 

18.500 

470 

18.504 

18.508 

18.512 

18.516 

18.520 

18.524 

18.528 

18.531 

18.535 

*8.539 

471 

*8.543 

18.547 

*8.55* 

*8.555 

*8.559 

18.563 

18.567 

18.571 

*8.575 

18.579 

472 

18.583 

18.587 

18.591 

18.594 

18.598 

18.602 

18.606 

18.610 

18.614 

18.618 

473 

18.622 

18.626 

18.630 

18.634 

18.638 

18.642 

18.646 

18.650 

18.654 

18.657 

474 

18.661 

18.665 

18.669 

18.673 

18.677 

18.681 

18.685 

18.689 

18.693 

18.697 

475 

18.701 

18.705 

18.709 

18.713 

18.716 

18.720 

18.724 

18.728 

18.732 

18.736 

476 

18.740 

18.744 

18.748 

18.752 

18.756 

18.760 

18.764 

18.768 

18.772 

18.776 

477 

18.779 

18.783 

18.787 

18.791 

18.795 

*8.799 

18.803 

18.807 

l8.8ll 

18.815 

478 

18.819 

18.823 

18.827 

18.831 

18.835 

18.839 

18.842 

18.846 

18.850 

*8.854 

479 

18.858 

18.862 

18.866 

18.870 

18.874 

18.878 

18.882 

18.886 

I8.89O 

18.894 

480 

18.898 

18.902 

18.905 

18.909 

*8.9*3 

18.917 

18.921 

18.925 

18.929 

18.933 

481 

*8-937 

18.941 

18.94.5 

18.949 

18.953 

18.957 

18.961 

18.965 

18.968 

18.972 

482 

18.976 

18.980 

18.984 

18.988 

18.992 

18.996 

19.000 

19.004 

I9.O08 

19.012 

483 

19.016 

19.020 

19.024 

19.028 

19.031 

*9-035 

19.039 

19-043 

19-047 

19.051 

484 

19.055 

*9-059 

19.063 

19.067 

19.071 

*9-075 

19.079 

19.083 

I9.087 

19.091 

485 

19.094 

19.098 

I9.IO2 

19.106 

19.IIO 

*9.1*4 

19.118 

19.122 

I9.I26 

19.  *30 

486 

*9-  *34 

19.138 

19.142 

19.146 

19.150 

*9- *54 

19.157 

19.161 

I9.165 

19.169 

487 

*9.173 

19.177 

19.181 

19.185 

19.189 

*9- *93 

19.197 

19.201 

19.205 

19.209 

488 

19.213 

19.216 

19.220 

19.224 

19.228 

19.232 

19-236 

19.240 

19.244 

19.248 

489 

19.252 

19-256 

19.260 

19.264 

19.268 

19.272 

19.276 

19.279 

I9.283 

19.287 

490 

19.291 

*9-295 

19.299 

I9.303 

19.307 

*9.3*1 

*9-3*5 

*9-3*9 

I9-323 

19.327 

49 1 

*9-33* 

19.335 

*9-339 

*9-342 

19.346 

19.350 

19-354 

I9-358 

19.362 

19.366 

492 

19.370 

*9-374 

I9-378 

19.382 

19.386 

19.390 

*9-394 

I9-398 

I9.402 

*9-405 

493 

19.409 

19-4*3 

19.417 

19.421 

I9-425 

19.429 

*9-433 

19-437 

19.441 

*9-445 

494 

*9-449 

*9-453 

*9-457 

19.461 

19.465 

19.468 

19.472 

19.476 

I9.480 

19.484 

495 

19.488 

19.492 

19.496 

19.500 

*9-504 

19.508 

19.512 

19.516 

19-520 

19-524 

496 

19.528 

*9-53* 

*9-535 

*9-539 

*9-543 

*9-547 

*9-55* 

*9-555 

*9-559 

19.563 

497 

*9-567 

*9-57* 

*9-575 

*9-579 

*9-583 

19-587 

*9-59* 

*9-594 

I9-598 

19.602 

498 

19.606 

19.610 

19.614 

19.618 

19.622 

19.626 

19.630 

19.634 

19.638 

19.642 

499 

19.646 

19.650 

*9-654 

I9-657 

19.661 

19.665 

19.669 

19.673 

19.677 

19.681 

500 

*9-685 

19.689 

19.693 

19.697 

19.701 

*9-705 

19.709 

*9-7*3 

19.716 

19.720 

Smithsonian  Tasies. 


25 


Table  10 


MILLIMETERS  INTO  INCHES 

i  mm.  — 0.03937  inch. 


Milli¬ 

meters. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4  . 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

500 

19.685 

19.689 

19.693 

19.697 

19.701 

I9.705 

19.709 

I9.7I3 

19.716 

I9.720 

501 

19.724 

19.728 

19.732 

19.736 

19.740 

19-744 

19.748 

I9.752 

I9.756 

19.760 

502 

19.764 

19.768 

19.772 

19.776 

19.779 

I9.783 

19.787 

19.791 

19-795 

19.799 

503 

19.803 

19.807 

19.811 

19.815 

19.819 

19.823 

19.827 

19.831 

19.835 

19.839 

504 

19.842 

19.846 

19.850 

I9.854 

19.858 

19.862 

19.866 

19.870 

19.874 

19.878 

505 

19.882 

19.886 

19.890 

19.894 

19.898 

19.902 

19.905 

19.909 

19.913 

I9*9I7 

506 

19.921 

I9.925 

19.929 

19.933 

19-937 

19.941 

19-945 

19.949 

19-953 

19-957 

507 

19.961 

I9.965 

19.968 

19.972 

19.976 

19.980 

19.984 

19.988 

19.992 

19.996 

508 

20.000 

20.004 

20.008 

20.012 

20.016 

20.020 

20.024 

20.028 

20.031 

20.035 

509 

20.039 

20.043 

20.047 

20.051 

20.055 

20.059 

20.063 

20.067 

20.071 

20.075 

510 

20.079 

20.083 

20.087 

20.091 

20.094 

20.098 

20. 102 

20. 106 

20.110 

20.114 

5ii 

20.118 

20.122 

20.126 

20.130 

20.134 

2O.I38 

20. 142 

20. 146 

20.150 

20.154 

512 

20.157 

20.l6l 

20.165 

20.169 

20.173 

20.177 

20.181 

20.185 

20.189 

20.193 

5i3 

20.I97 

20.201 

20. 205 

20. 209 

20.213 

20.216 

20.220 

20.224 

20.228 

20.232 

5H 

20.236 

20. 240 

20.244 

20.248 

20.252 

20.256 

20. 260 

20.264 

20.268 

20.272 

515 

20.276 

20.279 

20.283 

20.287 

20.291 

20.295 

2O.299 

20.303 

20.307 

20.311 

516 

20.315 

20.319 

20.323 

20.327 

20.331 

20.335 

20.339 

20.342 

20.346 

20.350 

5i7 

20.354 

20.358 

20.362 

20.366 

20.370 

20.374 

20.378 

20.382 

20.386 

20.390 

5i3 

20.394 

20.398 

20.402 

20.405 

20.409 

20.413 

20.417 

20.421 

20.425 

20.429 

5i9 

20.433 

20.437 

20.441 

20.445 

20.449 

20.453 

20.457 

20.461 

20.465 

20.468 

520 

20.472 

20.476 

20.480 

20.484 

20.488 

20.492 

20.496 

20.500 

20.504 

20.508 

521 

20.512 

20.516 

20.520 

20.524 

20.528 

20.531 

20.535 

20.539 

20.543 

20.547 

522 

20.551 

20.555 

20.559 

20.563 

20.567 

20.571 

20.575 

20.579 

20.583 

20.587 

523 

20.591 

20.594 

20.598 

20.602 

20.606 

20.610 

20.614 

20.6l8 

20.622 

20.626 

524 

20.630 

20.634 

20.638 

20.642 

20.646 

20.650 

20.654 

20.657 

20.661 

20.665 

525 

20.669 

20.673 

20.677 

20.681 

20.685 

20.689 

20.693 

20.697 

1 

20. 701 

20.705 

526 

20. 709 

20.713 

20.716 

20.720 

20.724 

20.728 

20.732 

20.736 

20.740 

20.744 

527 

20.748 

20.752 

20.756 

20.760 

20.764 

20.768 

20.772 

20. 776 

20.779 

20.783 

528 

20.787 

20.791 

20.795 

20. 799 

20.803 

20.807 

20.8ll 

20.815 

20.819 

20.823 

529 

20.827 

2O.83I 

20.835 

20.839 

20.842 

20.846 

20.850 

20.854 

20.858 

20.862 

530 

20.866 

20.870 

20.874 

20.878 

20.882 

20.886 

2O.89O 

20.894 

20.898 

20.902 

53i 

20.905 

20.909 

20.913 

2O.917 

20.921 

20.925 

2O.929 

20.933 

20.937 

20.941 

532 

20.945 

2O.949 

20.953 

20.957 

20. 961 

20.965 

20.968 

20.972 

20.976 

20.980 

533 

20.984 

20.988 

2O.992 

20.996 

21.000 

21.004 

21,008 

21.012 

21.016 

21.020 

534 

21.024 

21.028 

21.031 

21.035 

21.039 

21.043 

21.047 

21.051 

21.055 

21.059 

535 

21.063 

21.067 

21.071 

21.075 

21.079 

21.083 

21.087 

21.091 

21.094 

21.098 

536 

21.102 

21.106 

21. IIO 

2I.II4 

21.118 

21.122 

Si. 126 

21.130 

21.134 

21.138 

537 

21.142 

21.146 

21.150 

21.154 

21.157 

21.161 

21.165 

2I.169 

21.173 

21.177 

538 

21.181 

21.185 

21.189 

21.193 

21.197 

21.201 

21.205 

21.209 

21.213 

21.216 

539 

21.220 

21.224 

21.228 

21.232 

21.236 

21.240 

21.244 

21.248 

21.252 

21.256 

540 

21.260 

21.264 

21.268 

21.272 

21.276 

21.279 

21.283 

21.287 

21.291 

21.295 

541 

21.299 

21.303 

21.307 

2I.3II 

21.315 

21.319 

21.323 

21.327 

21.331 

21-335 

542 

21.339 

21.342 

21.346 

21.350 

21-354 

21.358 

21.362 

2I.366 

21.370 

21-374 

543 

21.378 

21.382 

21.386 

2I.39O 

21.394 

21.398 

21.402 

21.405 

2I.409 

21.413 

544 

21.417 

21.421 

21.425 

2I.429 

21.433 

21-437 

21.441 

21.445 

21.449 

21-453 

545 

21.457 

2I.461 

21.465 

21.468 

21.472 

21.476 

21.480 

2I.484 

2I.488 

21.492 

546 

21.496 

21.500 

21.504 

21.508 

21.512 

21.516 

21.520 

21.524 

21.528 

21.531 

547 

21-535 

21-539 

21.543 

21.547 

21.551 

21.555 

21-559 

21.563 

2I.567 

21.571 

543 

21-575 

21.579 

21.583 

21.587 

21.591 

21-594 

21.598 

21.602 

21.606 

21.610 

549 

21.614 

2I.6l8 

21.622 

21.626 

21.630 

21.634 

21.638 

21.642 

2I.646 

21.650 

550 

21.654 

21.657 

2I.66l 

21.665 

21.669 

21.673 

21.677 

2I.68l 

21.685 

21.689  1 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


26 


MILLIMETERS  INTO  INCHES 

i  mm.  =  0.03937  inch. 


Table  10 


Milli¬ 

meters. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

550 

21.654 

21.657 

2I.66l 

21.665 

21.669 

21.673 

21.677 

21.681 

21.685 

21.689 

551 

21.693 

21.697 

21.701 

21.705 

21.709 

21.713 

21.716 

21.720 

21.724 

21.728 

552 

21.732 

21.736 

21.740 

21.744 

21.748 

21.752 

21.756 

21.760 

21.764 

21.768 

553 

21.772 

21.776 

21.779 

21.783 

21.787 

21.791 

21-795 

21.799 

21.803 

21.807 

554 

21.811 

21.815 

21.819 

21.823 

21.827 

21.831 

21.835 

21.839 

21.842 

21.846 

555 

21.850 

21.854 

21.858 

21.862 

21.866 

21.870 

21.874 

21.878 

21.882 

21.886 

556 

21.890 

21.894 

21.898 

21.902 

21.905 

21.909 

21.913 

21.917 

21.921 

21.925 

557 

21.929 

21.933 

21.937 

21.941 

21-945 

21.949 

21-953 

21-957 

21.961 

21.965 

558 

21.968 

21.972 

21.976 

21.980 

21.984 

21.988 

21.992 

21.996 

22.000 

22.004 

559 

22.008 

22.012 

22.016 

22.020 

22.024 

22.028 

22.031 

22.035 

22.039 

22.043 

560 

22.047 

22.051 

22.055 

22.059 

22.063 

22.067 

22.071 

22.075 

22.079 

22.083 

561 

22.087 

22.091 

22.094 

22.098 

22.102 

22.106 

22.110 

22.114 

22.118 

22.122 

562 

22.126 

22.130 

22.134 

22.138 

22.142 

22.146 

22.150 

22.153 

22.157 

22.l6l 

563 

22.165 

22.169 

22.173 

22.177 

22.181 

22.185 

22.189 

22.193 

22.197 

22.201 

564 

22.205 

22.209 

22.213 

22.216 

22.220 

22.224 

22.228 

22.232 

22.236 

22.240 

565 

22.244 

22.248 

22.252 

22.256 

22.260 

22.264 

22.268 

22.272 

22.276 

22.279 

566 

22.283 

22.287 

22.291 

22.295 

22.299 

22.303 

22.307 

22.311 

22.315 

22.319 

567 

22.323 

22.327 

22.331 

22.335 

22.339 

22.342 

22.346 

22.350 

22.354 

22.358 

568 

22.362 

22.366 

22.370 

22.374 

22.378 

22.382 

22.386 

22.390 

22.394 

22.398 

569 

22.402 

22.405 

22.409 

22.413 

22.417 

22.421 

22.425 

22.429 

22.433 

22.437 

570 

22.441 

22.445 

'22.449 

22.453 

22.457 

22.461 

22.465 

22.468 

22.472 

22.476 

57i 

22.480 

22.484 

22.488 

22.492 

22.496 

22.500 

22.504 

22.508 

22.512 

22.516 

572 

22.520 

22.524 

22.528 

22.531 

22.535 

22.539 

22.543 

22.547 

22.551 

22-555 

573 

22.559 

22.563 

22.567 

22.571 

22.575 

22.579 

22.583 

22.587 

22.591 

22.594 

574 

22.598 

22.602 

22.6o6 

22.610 

22.614 

22.618 

22.622 

22.626 

22.630 

22.634 

575 

22.638 

22.642 

22.646 

22.650 

22.653 

22.657 

22.66l 

22.665 

22.669 

22.673 

576 

22.677 

22.681 

22.685 

22.689 

22.693 

22.697 

22.701 

22.705 

22.709 

22.713 

577 

22.716 

22.720 

22.724 

22.728 

22.732 

22.736 

22.740 

22.744 

22.748 

22.752 

578 

22.756 

22.760 

22.764 

22.768 

22.772 

22.776 

22.779 

22.783 

22.787 

22.791 

579 

22.795 

22.799 

22.803 

22.807 

22.811 

22.815 

22.819 

22.823 

22.827 

22.831 

580 

22.835 

22.839 

22.842 

22.846 

22.850 

22.854 

22.858 

22.862 

22.866 

22.870 

581 

22.874 

22.878 

22.882 

22.886 

22.890 

22.894 

22.898 

22.902 

22.905 

22.909 

582 

22.913 

22.917 

22.921 

22.925 

22.929 

22.933 

22.937 

22.941 

22.945 

22.949 

583 

22.953 

22.957 

22.961 

22.965 

22.968 

22.972 

22.976 

22.980 

22.984 

22.988 

584 

22.992 

22.996 

23.OOO 

23.004 

23.008 

23.012 

23.OI6 

23.020 

23.024 

23.028 

585 

23.031 

23.035 

23.039 

23-043 

23.047 

23-05I 

23.055 

23-059 

23.063 

23.067 

586 

23.071 

23-075 

23.079 

23.083 

23.087 

23.091 

23.094 

23.098 

23.102 

23.I06 

587 

23.IIO 

23.114 

23.118 

23.122 

23.126 

23.130 

23-134 

23.138 

23.142 

23. 146 

588 

23.150 

23-153 

23-157 

23.161 

23.165 

23.169 

23.173 

23.177 

23.181 

23-I85 

589 

23.189 

23.I93 

23.197 

23.201 

23.205 

23.209 

23.213 

23.216 

23.220 

23.224 

590 

23.228 

23.232 

23.236 

23.240 

23.244 

23.248 

23.252 

23.256 

23.260 

23.264 

591 

23.268 

23.272 

23.276 

23.279 

23.283 

23.287 

23.29I 

23-295 

23.299 

23-303 

592 

23.307 

23-3II 

23-3I5 

23-3I9 

23-323 

23.327 

23-331 

23-335 

23-339 

23.342 

593 

23.346 

23-350 

23-354 

23.358 

23.362 

23.366 

23.370 

23.374 

23.378 

23.382 

594 

23.386 

23.390 

23.394 

23-398 

23.402 

23-405 

23.409 

23-4I3 

23.417 

23.42I 

595 

23425 

23.429 

23-433 

23-437 

23.441 

23-445 

23.449 

23-453 

23-457 

23.461 

596 

23.465 

23.468 

23.472 

23.476 

23.480 

23.484 

23.488 

23.492 

23.496 

23.500 

597 

23.504 

23.508 

23.512 

23.516 

23.520 

23.524 

23.528 

23-53^ 

23-535 

23-539 

598 

23.543 

23-547 

23-551 

23-555 

23-559 

23.563 

23-567 

23.571 

23.575 

23-579 

599 

23-583 

23.587 

23-591 

23-594 

23-598 

23.602 

23.606 

23.610 

23.614 

23.618 

600 

23.622 

23.626 

23.630 

23-634 

23.638 

23.642 

23.646 

23.650 

23.653 

23.657 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


27 


Table  10, 


MILLIMETERS  INTO  INCHES 

i  mm.  =  0.03937  inch. 


Milli¬ 

meters. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

600 

23.622 

23.626 

23.630 

23.634 

23.638 

23.642 

23.646 

23.650 

23.653 

23.657 

601 

23.661 

23.665 

23.669 

23.673 

23.677 

23.681 

23.685 

23.689 

23.693 

23.697 

602 

23.70I 

23.705 

23.709 

23.7I3 

23.716 

23.720 

23.724 

23.728 

23.732 

23.736 

603 

23.740 

23.744 

23.748 

23.752 

23.756 

23.760 

23.764 

23.768 

23.772 

23.776 

604 

23.779 

23.733 

23.787 

23.791 

23.795 

23.799 

23.803 

23.807 

23.811 

23.815 

605 

23.819 

23.823 

23.827 

23.831 

23.835 

23.839 

23.842 

23.846 

23.850 

23.854 

606 

23.858 

23.862 

23.866 

23.870 

23.874 

23.878 

23.882 

23.886 

23.890 

23.894 

607 

23.898 

23.902 

23.905 

23.909 

23.913 

23.917 

23.921 

23.925 

23.929 

23-933 

608 

23.937 

23.941 

23-945 

23.949 

23.953 

23.957 

23.961 

23.965 

23.968 

23.972 

609 

23.976 

23.980 

23.984 

23.988 

23.992 

23.996 

24.OOO 

24.004 

24.008 

24.OI2 

610 

24.016 

24.020 

24.024 

24.028 

24.031 

24.035 

24.039 

24.043 

24.047 

24.051 

611 

24.055 

24.059 

24.063 

24.067 

24.071 

24.075 

24.079 

24.083 

24.087 

24.091 

612 

24.094 

24.098 

24. 102 

24. 106 

24.IIO 

24.II4 

24.118 

24.122 

24.126 

24.130 

613 

24.134 

24.138 

24. 142 

24.146 

24.150 

24-153 

24.157 

24.161 

24.165 

24.169 

614 

24.173 

24.177 

24.181 

24.185 

24.189 

24.193 

24.197 

24. 201 

24.205 

24. 209 

615 

24.213 

24.216 

24.220 

24.224 

24.228 

24.232 

24.236 

24.240 

24.244 

24.248 

616 

24.252 

24.256 

24.260 

24.264 

24.268 

24.272 

24.276 

24.279 

24.283 

24.287 

617 

24.291 

24.295 

24.299 

24.303 

24.307 

24.311 

24.315 

24.319 

24.323 

24.327 

618 

24.33I 

24.335 

24.339 

24.342 

24.346 

24.350 

24.354 

24.358 

24.362 

24.366 

619 

24.370 

24.374 

24.378 

24.382 

24.386 

24.390 

24.394 

24.398 

24.402 

24.405 

620 

24.409 

24.413 

24.417 

24.421 

24.425 

24.429 

24-433 

24437 

24.441 

24445 

621 

24449 

24-453 

24457 

24.461 

24.465 

24.468 

24.472 

24.476 

24.480 

24.484 

622 

24.488 

24.492 

24.496 

24.500 

24.504 

24.508 

24.512 

24.516 

24.520 

24.524 

623 

24.528 

24.531 

24-535 

24- 539 

24-543 

24.547 

24.551 

24.555 

24-559 

24.563 

624 

24.567 

24-571 

24.575 

24-579 

24-583 

24.587 

24-59* 

24-594 

24.598 

24.602 

625 

24.606 

24.610 

24.614 

24.618 

24.622 

24.626 

24.630 

24.634 

24.638 

24.642 

626 

24.646 

24.650 

24.653 

24.657 

24.661 

24.665 

24.669 

24.673 

24.677 

24.681 

627 

24.685 

24.689 

24.693 

24.697 

24.701 

24.705 

24.709 

24.713 

24.716 

24.720 

628 

24.724 

24.728 

24.732 

24.736 

24-740' 

24.744 

24.748 

24.752 

24.756 

24.760 

629 

24.764 

24.768 

24.772 

24.776 

24.779 

24.783 

24.787 

24.79I 

24.795 

24.799 

630 

24.803 

24.807 

24.8H 

24.815 

24.819 

24.823 

24.827 

24.83I 

24.835 

24.839 

631 

24.842 

24.846 

24.850 

24.854 

24.858 

24.862 

24.866 

24.870 

24.874 

24.878 

632 

24.882 

24.886 

24.890 

24.894 

24.898 

24.902 

24.905 

24. 909 

24.913 

24.9*7 

633 

24.921 

24.925 

24.929 

24.933 

24.937 

24.941 

24.945 

24.949 

24.953 

24.957 

634 

24.961 

24.965 

24.968 

24.972 

24.976 

24.980 

24.984 

24.988 

24.992 

24.996 

635 

25.OOO 

25.004 

25.008 

25.012 

25.016 

25.020 

25.024 

25.028 

25.031 

25.035 

636 

25.039 

25.043 

25.047 

25.051 

25.055 

25.059 

25.063 

25.067 

25.071 

25.075 

637 

25.079 

25-083 

25.087 

25.091 

25.094 

25.098 

25.102 

25.106 

25.IIO 

25.II4 

638 

25.118 

25.122 

25.126 

25.130 

25.I34 

25.138 

25.142 

25.146 

25.150 

25.153 

639 

25.157 

25.161 

25.I65 

25.169 

25.173 

25.I77 

25.181 

25.185 

25.189 

25.193 

640 

25.I97 

25.201 

25.205 

25.209 

25-213 

25.216 

25.220 

25.224 

25.228 

25.232 

641 

25.236 

25.240 

25.244 

25.248 

25.252 

25.256 

25.260 

25.264 

25.268 

25.272 

642 

25.276 

25.279 

25.283 

25.287 

25.291 

25.295 

25.299 

25.303 

25.307 

25-3*1 

643 

25.3I5 

25.3I9 

25.323 

25-327 

25.331 

25-335 

25-339 

25-342 

25.346 

25.350 

644 

25.354 

25.358 

25.362 

25.366 

25-370 

25-374 

25.378 

25.382 

25.386 

25.390 

645 

25.394 

25.398 

25402 

25-405 

25.409 

25-4*3 

25.4I7 

25.421 

25.425 

25.429 

646 

25.433 

25-437 

25-441 

25-445 

25449 

25-453 

25-457 

25.46i 

25.465 

25.468 

647 

25.472 

25.476 

25.480 

25.484 

25.488 

25492 

25.496 

25.500 

25.504 

25.508 

648 

25.5I2 

25.5I6 

25.520 

25.524 

25.528 

25-53* 

25.535 

25- 539 

25.543 

25-547 

649 

25.551 

25-555 

25.559 

25.563 

25-567 

25-57* 

25.575 

25-579 

25.583 

25.587 

650 

25.591 

25.594 

25.598 

25.602 

25.606 

25.610 

25.614 

25.618 

25.622 

25.626 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


28 


MILLIMETERS  INTO  INCHES. 

i  mm.  =  0.03937  inch. 


Table  10. 


Milli¬ 

meters 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

650 

25-591 

25-594 

25.598 

25.602 

25.606 

25.610 

25.614 

25.618 

25.622 

25.626 

651 

25.630 

25-634 

25.658 

25.642 

25.646 

25-650 

25.653 

25.657 

25.661 

25.665 

652 

25.669 

25.673 

25.677 

25.681 

25.685 

25.689 

25.693 

25.697 

25.701 

25.705 

653 

25.709 

25-713 

25.716 

25.720 

25.724 

25.728 

25.732 

25.736 

25.740 

25-744 

654 

25-748 

25.752 

25.756 

25.760 

25.764 

25.768 

25.772 

25.776 

25-779 

25-783 

655 

25.787 

25-791 

25-795 

25-799 

25.803 

25.807 

25.811 

25.815 

25.819 

25.823 

656 

25.827 

25.831 

25.835 

25.839 

25.842 

25.846 

25.850 

25.854 

25.858 

25.862 

657 

25.866 

25.870 

25.874 

25.878 

25.882 

25.886 

25.890 

25.894 

25.898 

25.902 

658 

25-905 

25.909 

25.9T3 

25.9I7 

25.921 

25.925 

25.929 

25.933 

25.937 

25-941 

659 

25-945 

25.949 

25-953 

25.957 

25.961 

25.965 

25.968 

25.972 

25.976 

25.980 

660 

25.984 

25.988 

25.992 

25.996 

26.000 

26.004 

26.008 

26.012 

26.016 

26.020 

661 

26.024 

26.028 

26.031 

26.035 

26.039 

26.043 

26.047 

26.051 

26.055 

26.059 

662 

26.063 

26.067 

26.071 

26.075 

26.079 

26.083 

26.087 

26.090 

26.094 

26.098 

663 

26.102 

26. 106 

26.110 

26.114 

26.118 

26.122 

26.126 

26.130 

26.134 

26.138 

664 

26.142 

26. 146 

26.150 

26.153 

26.157 

26.161 

26.165 

26.169 

26.173 

26.177 

665 

26.181 

26.185 

26. 189 

26.193 

26.197 

26.201 

26. 205 

26.209 

26.213 

26.216 

666 

26.220 

26.224 

26.228 

26.232 

26.236 

26.240 

26.244 

26.248 

26.252 

26.256 

667 

26.260 

26.264 

26. 268 

26.272 

26.276 

26.279 

26.283 

26.287 

26.291 

26.295 

668 

26.299 

26.303 

26.307 

26.311 

26.315 

26.319 

26.323 

26.327 

26.331 

26.335 

669 

26.339 

26.342 

26.346 

26.350 

26.354 

26.358 

26.362 

26.366 

26.370 

26.374 

670 

26.378 

26.382 

26.386 

26.390 

26.394 

26.398 

26.402 

26.405 

26.409 

26.413 

671 

26.417 

26.421 

26.425 

26.429 

26.433 

26.437 

26.441 

26.445 

26.449 

26.453 

672 

26.457 

26.461 

26.465 

26.468 

26.472 

26.476 

26.480 

26.484 

26.488 

26.492 

673 

26.496 

26.500 

26.504 

26.508 

26.512 

26.516 

26.520 

26.524 

26.528 

26.531 

674 

26.535 

26.539 

26.543 

26.547 

26.551 

26.555 

26.559 

26.563 

26.567 

26.571 

675 

26.575 

26.579 

26.583 

26.587 

26.590 

26.594 

26.598 

26.602 

26.606 

26.610 

676 

26.614 

26.618 

26.622 

26.626 

26.630 

26.634 

26.638 

26.642 

26.646 

26.650 

677 

26.653 

26.657 

26.661 

26.665 

26.669 

26.673 

26.677 

26.681 

26.685 

26.689 

678 

26.693 

26.697 

26.701 

26.705 

26.709 

26.713 

26.716 

26.720 

26.724 

26.728 

679 

26.732 

26.736 

26.740 

26.744 

26.748 

26.752 

26.756 

26.760 

26.764 

26.768 

680 

26.772 

26.776 

26.779 

26.783 

26.787 

26.791 

26.795 

26.799 

26.803 

26.807 

681 

26.811 

26.815 

26.819 

26.823 

26.827 

26.831 

26.835 

26.838 

26.842 

26.846 

682 

26.850 

26.854 

26.858 

26.862 

26.866 

26.870 

26.874 

26.878 

26.882 

26.886 

683 

26.890 

26.894 

26.898 

26.902 

26.905 

26.909 

26.913 

26.917 

26.921 

26.925 

6S4 

25.929 

26.933 

26.937 

26.941 

26.945 

26.949 

26.953 

26.957 

26.961 

26.965 

685 

26.968 

26.972 

26.976 

26.980 

26.984 

26.988 

26.992 

26.996 

27.OOO 

27.004 

686 

27.008 

27.012 

27.016 

27.020 

27.024 

27.028 

27.031 

27.035 

27.039 

27.043 

687 

27.047 

27.051 

27.055 

27.059 

27.063 

27.067 

27.071 

27.075 

27.079 

27.083 

688 

27.087 

27.090 

27.094 

27.098 

27.102 

27.106 

27.IIO 

27.114 

27.118 

27.122 

689 

27.126 

27.130 

27-134 

27.138 

27.142 

27.146 

27.150 

27-153 

27-157 

27.161 

690 

27.165 

27.169 

27.173 

27.177 

27.181 

27.185 

27.189 

27.193 

27.197 

27.201 

691 

27.205 

27.209 

27.213 

27.216 

27.220 

27.224 

27.228 

27.232 

27.236 

27.240 

692 

27.244 

27.248 

27.252 

27.256 

27.260 

27.264 

27.268 

27.272 

27.276 

27.279 

693 

27.283 

27.287 

27.291 

27.295 

27.299 

27.303 

27.307 

27.311 

27.3I5 

27.319 

694 

27.323 

27.327 

27.331 

27.335 

27-339 

27.342 

27.346 

27.350 

27.354 

27.358 

695 

27.362 

27.366 

27.370 

27-374 

27.378 

27.382 

27.386 

27.390 

27.394 

27.398 

696 

27.402 

27.405 

27.409 

27413 

27.417 

27.421 

27.425 

27.429 

27433 

27437 

697 

27.441 

27.445 

27.449 

27453 

27.457 

27.461 

27.465 

27.468 

27472 

27.476 

698 

27.480 

27.484 

27.488 

27.492 

27.496 

27.500 

27.504 

27.508 

27.512 

27.516 

699 

27.520 

27.524 

27.528 

27.531 

27-535 

27.539 

27-543 

27.547 

27.551 

27.555 

700 

27-559 

27.563 

27.567 

27.571 

27-575 

27.579 

27-583 

27.587 

27.590 

27.594 ! 

1 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


29 


Table  10 


MILLIMETERS  INTO  INCHES. 

i  mm.  =  0.03937  inch. 


i  Milli¬ 
meters. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

700 

27-559 

27.563 

27.567 

27.571 

27.575 

27.579 

27.583 

27.587 

27.590 

27.594 

701 

27.593 

27.602 

27.606 

27.610 

27.614 

27.618 

27.622 

27.626 

27.630 

27.634 

702 

27.638 

27.642 

27.646 

27.650 

27.653 

27.657 

27.661 

27.665 

27.669 

27.673 

703 

27.677 

27.681 

27.685 

27.689 

27.693 

27.697 

27.701 

27.705 

27.709 

27.713 

704 

27.716 

27.720 

27.724 

27.728 

27.732 

27.736 

27.740 

27.744 

27.748 

27.752 

705 

27.756 

27.760 

27.764 

27.768 

27.772 

27.776 

27.779 

27.783 

27.787 

27.791 

706 

27-795 

27.799 

27.803 

27.807 

27.811 

27.815 

27.819 

27.823 

27.827 

27.831 

707 

27.835 

27.839 

27.842 

27.846 

27.850 

27.854 

27.858 

27.862 

27.866 

27.870 

708 

27.874 

27.878 

27.882 

27.886 

27.890 

27.894 

27.898 

27.902 

27.905 

27.909 

709 

27.913 

27.917 

27.921 

27.925 

27.929 

27-933 

27-937 

27.941 

27.945 

27.949 

710 

27.953 

27.957 

27.961 

27.965 

27.968 

27.972 

27.976 

27.980 

27.984 

27.988 

711 

27.992 

27.996 

28.000 

28.004 

28.008 

28.012 

28.016 

28.020 

28.024 

28.028 

712 

28.031 

28.035 

28.039 

28.043 

28.047 

28.051 

28.055 

28.059 

28.063 

28.667 

7i3 

28.071 

28.075 

28.079 

28.083 

28.087 

28.090 

28.094 

28.098 

28. 102 

28.106 

714 

28.110 

28.114 

28.118 

28.122 

28.126 

28.130 

28.134 

28.138 

28.142 

28.146 

715 

28.150 

28.153 

28.157 

28.161 

28.165 

28. 169 

28.173 

28.177 

28.l8l 

2S.1S5 

716 

28.189 

28.193 

28.197 

28.201 

28.205 

28.209 

28.213 

28.216 

28.220 

28.224 

717 

28.228 

28.232 

28.236 

28.240 

28.244 

28.248 

28.252 

28.256 

28.260 

28.264 

718 

28.268 

28.272 

28.276 

28.279 

28.283 

28.287 

28.291 

28.295 

28.299 

28.303 

719 

28.307 

28.311 

23.315 

28.319 

28.323 

28.327 

28.331 

28.335 

28. 339 

28.342 

720 

28.346 

28.350 

28.354 

2S.35S 

28.362 

28.366 

28.370 

28.374 

28.378 

28.382 

721 

28.386 

28.390 

28.394 

28.398 

28.402 

28.405 

28.409 

28.413 

2S.417 

28.421 

722 

28.425 

28.429 

28.433 

28.437 

28.441 

28.445 

28.449 

28.453 

28.457 

28.461 

723 

28.465 

28.468 

28.472 

28.476 

28.480 

28.484 

28.488 

28.492 

28.496 

28.500 

724 

28.504 

28.508 

28.512 

2S.516 

28.520 

28.524 

28.528 

28.531 

28.535 

28.539 

725 

28.543 

28.547 

28.551 

28.555 

28.559 

28.563 

28.567 

28.571 

28.575 

28.579 

726 

28.583 

28.587 

28.590 

28.594 

28.598 

28.602 

28.606 

28.610 

28.614 

28.618 

727 

28.622 

28.626 

28.630 

28.634 

28.638 

28.642 

28.646 

28.650 

28.653 

28.657 

728 

28.661 

28.665 

28.669 

28.673 

28.677 

28.681 

28.685 

28.689 

28.693 

28.697 

729 

28.701 

28.705 

28.709 

28.713 

28.716 

28.720 

28.724 

28.728 

28.732 

28.736 

730 

28.740 

28.744 

28.748 

28.752 

28.756 

28.760 

28.764 

28.768 

28.772 

28.776 

73i 

28.779 

28.783 

28.787 

28.791 

28.795 

28.799 

28.803 

28. 807 

28.811 

28.815 

732 

28.819 

28.823 

28.827 

28.831 

28.835 

28.839 

28.842 

28.846 

28.850 

2S.S54 

733 

28.858 

28.862 

28.866 

28.870 

28.874 

28.878 

28.882 

28.886 

28.890 

28.894 

734 

28.898 

28.902 

28.905 

2S.909 

28.913 

28.917 

28.921 

28.925 

28.929 

28.933 

735 

28.937 

28.941 

28.945 

28.949 

28.953 

28.957 

28.961 

28.965 

28.968 

28.972 

736 

2S.976 

28.980 

28.984 

28.988 

28.992 

28.996 

29.OOO 

29.004 

29.008 

29.OI2 

737 

29.016 

29.020 

29.024 

29.028 

29.031 

29.035 

29.039 

29.043 

29.047 

29.051 

733 

29-055 

29.059 

29.063 

29.067 

29.071 

29.075 

29.079 

29.083 

29.087 

29.090 

739 

29.094 

29.098 

29. 102 

29.106 

29.IIO 

29.II4 

29.118 

29.122 

29.126 

29.130 

740 

29.134 

29.138 

29.I42 

29. 146 

29.150 

29.I53 

29.157 

29.161 

29.165 

29.169 

741 

29.173 

29.177 

29.181 

29.185 

29.189 

29.193 

29.197 

29.201 

29.205 

29.209 

742 

29.213 

29.216 

29.220 

29.224 

29.228 

29.232 

29.236 

29.240 

29.244 

29.248 

743 

29.252 

29.256 

29.260 

29.264 

29.268 

29.272 

29.276 

29.279 

29.283 

29.287 

744 

29.291 

29.295 

29.299 

29.303 

29.307 

29.311 

29.315 

29.319 

29.323 

29.327 

745 

29.331 

29-335 

29-339 

29.342 

29.346 

29.350 

29-354 

29.353 

29.362 

29.366 

746 

29.370 

29-374 

29.378 

29.382 

29.386 

29.390 

29-394 

29.398 

29.402 

29.405 

747 

29.409 

29413 

29.417 

29.421 

29.425 

29.429 

29-433 

29437 

29.441 

29-445 

748 

29.449 

29.453 

29-457 

29.461 

29.465 

29.468 

29.472 

29.476 

29.480 

29484 

749 

29.488 

29.492 

29.496 

29.500 

29.504 

29.508 

29.512 

29.516 

29.520 

29.524 

750 

29.528 

29.53I 

29-535 

29-539 

29-543 

29-547 

29  55i 

29-555 

29-559 

29.563 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

30 


MILLIMETERS  INTO  INCHES 

i  mm.  =  0.03937  inch. 


Table  1  0, 


Milli¬ 

meters. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

750 

29.528 

29.53I 

29-535 

29.539 

29-543 

29-547 

29.55I 

29-555 

29^559 

29-563 

75i 

29.567 

29.571 

29-575 

29.579 

29.583 

29.587 

29.590 

29.594 

29.598 

29.602 

752 

29.606 

29.610 

29.614 

29.618 

29.622 

29.626 

29.630 

29.634 

29.638 

29.642 

753 

29.646 

29.650 

29.653 

29.657 

29.661 

29.665 

29.669 

29.673 

29.677 

29,681 

754 

29.685 

29.689 

29.693 

29.697 

29.701 

29.705 

29.709 

29.713 

29.716 

29,720 

755 

29.724 

29.728 

29.732 

29.736 

29.740 

29.744 

29.748 

29.752 

29.756 

29.760 

756 

29.764 

29.768 

29.772 

29.776 

29.779 

29.783 

29.787 

29.791 

29.795 

29.799 

757 

29.803 

29.807 

29.811 

29.815 

29.819 

29.823 

29.827 

29.831 

29.835 

29.839 

753 

29.842 

29.846 

29.850 

29.854 

29.858 

29.862 

29.866 

29.870 

29.874 

29.878 

759 

29.882 

29.886 

29.890 

29.894 

29.898 

29.902 

29.905 

29.909 

29*9X3 

29.917 

760 

29.921 

29.925 

29.929 

29-933 

29.937 

29.941 

29-945 

29.949 

29.953 

29.957 

761 

29.961 

29.965 

29.968 

29.972 

29.976 

29.980 

29.984 

29.988 

29.992 

29.996 

762 

30.000 

30.004 

30.008 

30.012 

30.016 

30.020 

30.024 

30.027 

30.031 

30.035 

763 

30.039 

30.043 

30.047 

30.051 

30.055 

30.059 

30.063 

30.067 

30.071 

30.075 

764 

30.079 

30.083 

30.087 

30.090 

30.094 

30.098 

30.102 

30. 106 

30.116 

30.114 

765 

30.II8 

30.122 

30.126 

30.130 

30.134 

30.138 

30.142 

30.146 

30.150 

30.153 

766 

30.157 

30.161 

30.165 

30.169 

30.173 

30.177 

30.181 

30.185 

30.189 

30.193 

767 

30.197 

30.201 

30.205 

30.209 

30.213 

30.216 

30.220 

30.224 

30.228 

30.232 

768 

30.236 

30.240 

30.244 

30.248 

30.252 

30.256 

30.260 

30.264 

30.268 

30.272 

769 

30.276 

30.279 

30.283 

30.287 

30.291 

30.295 

30.299 

30.303 

30-307 

30*3IJ: 

770 

30.315 

30.319 

30.323 

30.327 

30.331 

30.335 

30.339 

30.342 

30.346 

30.350 

.  77i 

30.354 

30.358 

30.362 

30.366 

30.370 

30.374 

30.378 

30.382 

30.386 

30.390 

772 

30.394 

30.398 

30.402 

30.405 

30.409 

30.413 

30.417 

30.421 

30.425 

30.429 

773 

30.433 

30.437 

30.441 

30.445 

30.449 

30.453 

30.457 

30.461 

30.465 

30.468 

774 

30.472 

30.476 

30.480 

30.484 

30.488 

30.492 

30.496 

30.500 

30.504 

30.508 

775 

30.512 

30.516 

30.520 

30.524 

30.528 

30.531 

30.535 

30.539 

30.543 

30.547 

776 

30.551 

30.555 

30.559 

30.563 

30.567 

30.571 

30.575 

30.579 

30.583 

30.587 

777 

30.590 

30.594 

30.598 

30.602 

30.606 

30.610 

30.614 

30.618 

30.622 

30.626 

778 

30.630 

30.634 

30.638 

30.642 

30.646 

30.650 

30.653 

30.657 

30.661 

30.665 

779 

30.669 

30.673 

30.677 

30.681 

30.685 

30.689 

30.693 

30.697 

30.701 

30.705 

780 

30.709 

30.713 

30.716 

30.720 

30.724 

30.728 

30.732 

30.736 

30.740 

30.744 

781 

30.748 

30.752 

30.756 

30.760 

30.764 

30.768 

30.772 

30.776 

30.779 

30.783 

782 

30.787 

30.791 

30.795 

30.799 

30.803 

30.807 

30.811 

30.815 

30.819 

30.823 

783 

30.827 

30.831 

30.835 

30.839 

30.842 

30.846 

30.850 

30.854 

30.858 

30.862 

784 

30.866 

30.870 

30.874 

30.878 

30.882 

30.886 

30.890 

30.894 

30.898 

30.902 

785 

30.905 

30.909 

30.913 

30.917 

30.921 

30.925 

30.929 

30.933 

30.937 

30.941 

786 

30.945 

30.949 

30.953 

30.957 

30.961 

30.965 

30.968 

30.972 

30.976 

30.980 

787 

30.984 

30.988 

30.992 

30.996 

31.000 

31.004 

31.008 

31.012  | 

31.016 

31.020 

788 

31.024 

31.027 

3I.03I 

31.035 

31.039 

31.043 

31.047 

3I.05I 

31.055 

31*059 

789 

31-063 

31-067 

31.071 

31.075 

31.079 

31.083 

31-087 

3I.090 

31.094 

31-098 

790 

31.102 

31.106 

31. no 

3I-II4 

31.118 

31.122 

31.126 

31.130 

3I.I34 

31*138 

791 

31.142 

31.146 

31.150 

31.153 

31.157 

3I.l6l 

31-165 

31.169 

3I.I73 

31*177 

792 

3I.l8l 

31.185 

31.189 

31.193 

31.197 

31.201 

31.205 

31.209 

31-213 

31.216 

793 

31.220 

31.224 

31.228 

31.232 

31.236 

31.240 

31.244 

31.248 

31-252 

31*256 

794 

31.260 

31.264 

31.268 

3I.272 

31.276 

31.279 

31.283 

3I.287 

31.291 

3I-295 

795 

31.299 

31.303 

31.307 

3I.3II 

31.315 

3X.3T9 

31.323 

31.327 

3I.33I 

31*335 

796 

31.339 

31.342 

31.346 

31.350 

3X*354 

31.358 

31.362 

31.366 

31.370 

31*374 

797 

31.378 

31.382 

31.386 

31.390 

31-394 

31.398 

31.402 

31.405 

31.409 

3I-4I3 

793 

3I.4I7 

31.421 

31.425 

31.429 

31-433 

31.437 

3I.44I 

31.445 

31-449 

31*453 

799 

31.457 

31.461 

31.465 

31.468 

31.472 

31.476 

31.480 

31.484 

31.488 

31.492 

800 

31.496 

3I.500 

31.504 

31.508 

31.512 

31.516 

31.520 

31.524 

31.527 

31*531 

Smithbonian  Tables. 


31 


Table  10 


MILLIMETERS  INTO  INCHES 

i  mm.  =  0.03937  inch. 


Milli¬ 

meters. 

.0 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

800 

3I-496 

3I.500 

3I.504 

31.508 

3I.5I2 

3I.5I6 

31.520 

3I.524 

3I.527 

3I.53I 

8oi 

31-535 

31.539 

31-543 

31.547 

3I.55I 

31-555 

31.559 

3I.563 

3I.567 

3I-57I 

802 

31-575 

31.579 

31.583 

3I.587 

3I.590 

31.594 

3I.598 

31.602 

31.606 

31.610 

803 

31.614 

31.618 

31.622 

31.626 

31.630 

31.634 

31-638 

31.642 

31.646 

31.650 

804 

3I-653 

31.657 

31.661 

31-665 

31.669 

3I.673 

31.677 

31.681 

31.685 

31.689 

805 

3I-693 

31.697 

3T.7oi 

31.705 

31.709 

3I.7I3 

31.716 

31.720 

3I.724 

31.728 

806 

31-732 

31.736 

3i.74o 

31-744 

3I.748 

3I.752 

3I.756 

31.760 

3I.764 

31.768 

807 

31.772 

3I.776 

31.779 

3I.783 

31.787 

3I.79I 

31*795 

31.799 

31-803 

31.807 

808 

31.811 

31.815 

31.819 

3I.823 

31.827 

31.831 

31-835 

3I.839 

31.842 

31.846 

809 

31.850 

31.854 

31.858 

31.862 

31.866 

31.870 

31.874 

31.878 

31.882 

31.886 

810 

31.890 

31.894 

31.S98 

31.902 

31.905 

31.909 

3I.9I3 

31.917 

31.921 

31.925 

811 

31.929 

31.933 

31.937 

31.941 

31-945 

31-949 

31.953 

31-957 

31.961 

3I.965 

812 

31.968 

31.972 

31.976 

31.980 

3I.984 

31.988 

31.992 

31.996 

32.OOO 

32.004 

813 

32.008 

32.012 

32.016 

32.020 

32.024 

32.027 

32.031 

32.035 

32.039 

32.043 

814 

32.047 

32.051 

32.055 

32.059 

32.063 

32.067 

32.071 

32.075 

32.079 

32.083 

815 

32.087 

32.090 

32.094 

32.098 

32.102 

32.106 

32.110 

32.114 

32.118 

32.122 

816 

32.126 

32.130 

32.134 

32.138 

,32.142 

32.146 

32.150 

32.153 

32.157 

32.161 

817 

32.165 

32.169 

32.173 

32.177 

32.T81 

32.185 

32.189 

32.193 

32.197 

32.201 

818 

32.205 

32.209 

32.213 

32.216 

32.220 

32.224 

32.228 

32.232 

32.236 

32.240 

819 

32.244 

32.248 

32.252 

32.256 

32.260 

32.264 

32.268 

32.272 

32.276 

32.279 

820 

32.283 

32.287 

32.291 

32.295 

32.299 

32.303 

32.307 

32.311 

32.315 

32.319 

821 

32.323 

32.327 

32.331 

32.335 

32.339 

32.342 

32.346 

32.350 

32.354 

32.358 

822 

32.362 

32.366 

32.370 

32.374 

32.378 

32.382 

32.386 

32.390 

32.394 

32.398 

823 

32.402 

32.405 

32.409 

32.413 

32.417 

32.421 

32.425 

32.429 

32.433 

32.437 

824 

32.441 

32.445 

32.449 

32.453 

32.457 

32.461 

32.465 

32.468 

32.472 

32.476 

825 

32.480 

32.484 

32.488 

32.492 

32.496 

32.500 

32.504 

32.508 

32.512 

32.516 

826 

32.520 

32.524 

32.527 

32.531 

32.535 

32.539 

32.543 

32.547 

32.551 

32.555 

827 

32.559 

32.563 

32.567 

32.571 

32.575 

32.579 

32.583 

32.587 

32.590 

32.594 

828 

32.598 

32.602 

32.606 

32.610 

32.614 

32.618 

32.622 

32.626 

32.630 

32.634 

829 

32.638 

32.642 

32.646 

32.650 

32.653 

32.657 

32.661 

32.665 

32.669 

32.673 

830 

32.677 

32.681 

32.685 

32.689 

32.693 

32.697 

32.701 

32.705 

32.709 

32.713 

831 

32.716 

32.720 

32.724 

32.72S 

32.732 

32.736 

32.740 

32.744 

32.748 

32.752 

832 

32.756 

32.760 

32.764 

32.768 

32.772 

32.776 

32.779 

32.783 

32.787 

32.791 

833 

32.795 

32.799 

32.803 

32.807 

32.811 

32.815 

32.819 

32.823 

32.827 

32.831 

834 

32.835 

32.839 

32.842 

32.846 

32.850 

32.854 

32.858 

32.862 

32.866 

32.870 

835 

32.874 

32.878 

32.882 

32.886 

32.890 

32.894 

32.898 

32.902 

32.905 

32.909 

836 

32.913 

32.917 

32.921 

32.925 

32.929 

32.933 

32.937 

32.941 

32.945 

32.949 

837 

32.953 

32.957 

32.961 

32.965 

32.968 

32.972 

32.976 

32.980 

32.984 

32.988 

838 

32.992 

32.996 

33.000 

33.004 

33.008 

33.OI2 

33.016 

33.020 

33.024 

33.027 

839 

33.031 

33-035 

33.039 

33-043 

33-047 

33.051 

33.055 

33-059 

33-063 

33.067 

840 

33-071 

33-075 

33-079 

33.083 

33.087 

33.090 

33-094 

33.098 

33.IO2 

33.106 

841 

33-no 

33-114 

33-iiS 

33.122 

33.126 

33.130 

33-134 

33.138 

33-M2 

33.146 

842 

33-150 

33.153 

33-157 

33-161 

33.165 

33.I69 

33.173 

33-177 

33-lSl 

33.185 

843 

33-189 

33-193 

33-197 

33.201 

33-205 

33.209 

33.213 

33.216 

33-220 

33.224 

844 

33.228 

33.232 

33-236 

33.240 

33-244 

33.248 

33.252 

33-256 

33.260 

33.264 

845 

33.268 

33.272 

33-276 

33.279 

33.283 

33.287 

33-291 

33-295 

33-299 

33.303 

846 

33-307 

33-311 

33.3I5 

33.319 

33.323 

33.327 

33-331 

33.335 

33-339 

33-342 

847 

33-346 

33.350 

33-354 

33-358 

33.362 

33.366 

33-370 

33-374 

33.378 

33.382 

848 

33.386 

33.390 

33-394 

33.398 

33.402 

33-405 

33409 

33.413 

33.417 

33.421 

849 

33425 

33429 

33-433 

33-437 

33-441 

33-445 

33-449 

33-453 

33-457 

33.46I 

850 

33464 

33468 

33-472 

33-476 

33480 

33484 

33488 

33-492 

33.496 

33.500 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


3  2 


MILLIMETERS  INTO  INCHES 

i  mm.  =  0.03937  inch. 


Table  10 


Milli¬ 

meters. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

850 

33-464 

33-468 

33-472 

33-476 

33-480 

33-484 

33.488 

33492 

33496 

33-5oo 

851 

33-504 

33-508 

33.512 

33-516 

33.520 

33-524 

33-527 

33-531 

33-535 

33-539 

852 

33-543 

33-547 

33-551 

33-555 

33-559 

33-563 

33-567 

33-571 

33-575 

33-579 

853 

33-583 

33-587 

33-590 

33-594 

33.598 

33.602 

33.606 

33.610 

33-614 

33.6i8 

854 

33.622 

33-626 

33.630 

33-634 

33.638 

33.642 

33-646 

33.650 

33.653 

33-657 

855 

33.661 

33-665 

33-659 

33-673 

33-677 

33-681 

33.685 

33.689 

33.693 

33.697 

856 

33-701 

33-705 

33-709 

33.713 

33-7i6 

33.720 

33-724 

33.728 

33-732 

33.736 

857 

33-740 

33-744 

33.748 

33.752 

33-756 

33.760 

33-764 

33-768 

33-772 

33.776 

858 

33-779 

33.783 

33-787 

33-791 

33-795 

33-799 

33-803 

33-807 

33-Sii 

33.8I5 

859 

33-8i9 

33-823 

33.827 

33.831 

33.835 

33.839 

33-842 

33-846 

33.850 

33.854 

860 

33-858 

33-862 

33-866 

33-870 

33-874 

33-878 

33.882 

33-886 

33.890 

33-894 

861 

33-898 

33.902 

33.905 

33.909 

33.913 

33.917 

33-921 

33.925 

33.929 

33-933 

862 

33-937 

33-941 

33-945 

33.949 

33-953 

33-957 

33.96I 

33.964 

33-968 

33.972 

863 

33-976 

33.980 

33.984 

33-988 

33-992 

33-996 

34.OOO 

34-004 

34.008 

34.012 

864 

34.016 

34.020 

34.024 

34.027 

34.031 

34-035 

34.039 

34-043 

34-047 

34.051 

865 

34-055 

34-059 

34.063 

34-067 

34-071 

34.075 

34-079 

34.083 

34.087 

34.090 

866 

34.094 

34.098 

34. 102 

34. 106 

34.110 

34.114 

34.118 

34.122 

34.126 

34.I30 

867 

34-134 

34-I38 

34.142 

34. 146 

34- 150 

34.153 

34-157 

34.161 

34.165 

34.169 

868 

34-173 

34.177 

34.181 

34-185 

34-i89 

34.193 

34.197 

34.201 

34-205 

34.209 

869 

34-213 

34.216 

34.220 

34.224 

34.228 

34.232 

34-236 

34.240 

34-244 

34.248 

870 

34-252 

34.256 

34.260 

34.264 

34.268 

34.272 

34.276 

34.279 

34-283 

34.287 

871 

34.291 

34.295 

34.299 

34.303 

34-307 

34.311 

34.315 

34.319 

34-323 

34.327 

872 

34-331 

34.335 

34-339 

34-342 

34.346 

34.350 

34-354 

34.358 

34.362 

34.366 

873 

34-370 

34-374 

34.378 

34.382 

34-386 

34-390 

34-394 

34.398 

34-402 

34.405 

874 

34.409 

34.413 

34.417 

34-421 

34.425 

34.429 

34-433 

34-437 

34-441 

34-445 

875 

34-449 

34453 

34-457 

34.46i 

34.464 

24.468 

34-472 

34.476 

34.480 

34.484 

876 

34.488 

34-492 

34-496 

34-5oo 

34-504 

34.508 

34-512 

34.5I6 

34.520 

34.524 

877 

34-527 

34-531 

34-535 

34-539 

34-543 

34-547 

34-551 

34-555 

34-559 

34-563 

878 

34.567 

34-571 

34-575 

34-579 

34.583 

'34-587 

34.590 

34-594 

34-598 

34.602 

879 

34.606 

34.610 

34.614 

34.6i8 

34.622 

34.626 

34.630 

34-634 

34-638 

34.642 

880 

34.646 

34.650 

34.653 

34-657 

34.661 

34.665 

34.669 

34-673 

34.677 

34.681 

881 

34.685 

34.689 

34.693 

34.697 

34.701 

34.705 

34.709 

34.713 

34.716 

34.720 

882 

34.724 

34.728 

34.732 

34-736 

34-740 

34-744 

34.748 

34.752 

34.756 

34.760 

883 

34-764 

34.768 

34.772 

34-776 

34-779 

34-783 

34-787 

34.791 

34-795 

34-799 

884 

34.803 

34.807 

34-Sii 

34.815 

34-819 

34.823 

34.827 

34.831 

34-835 

34-839 

885 

34.842 

34.846 

34.850 

34-854 

34-858 

34.862 

34.866 

34.870 

34-874 

34.878 

886 

34.882 

34.886 

34.890 

34.894 

34.898 

34.902 

34.905 

34.909 

34.9I3 

34.917 

887 

34-921 

34.925 

34-929 

34-933 

34-937 

34.941 

34-945 

34-949 

34-953 

34-957 

888 

34.961 

34.964 

34.968 

34-972 

34.976 

34.980 

34.984 

34.988 

34.992 

34-996 

889 

35.000 

35-004 

35.008 

35-012 

35-oi6 

35.020 

35-024 

35-027 

35.031 

35-035 

890 

35.039 

35-043 

35-047 

35.051 

35-055 

35.059 

35.063 

35.067 

35-071 

35-075 

891 

35.079 

35-083 

35-087 

35-090 

35-094 

35-098 

35-102 

35- 106 

35.no 

35.114 

892 

35-ii8 

35-122 

35.126 

35-130 

35-134 

35.138 

35.142 

35-I46 

35.150 

35-153 

893 

35-157 

35.i6i 

35.i65 

35.169 

35.173 

35-177 

35-iSi 

35.i85 

35-i89 

35-193 

894 

35.197 

35.201 

35.205 

35.209 

35-213 

35.216 

35-220 

35-224 

35-228 

35-232 

895 

35.236 

35  240 

35.244 

35.248 

35-252 

35-256 

35.260 

35-264 

35-268 

35.272 

896 

35-276 

35-279 

35-283 

35-287 

35.291 

35-295 

35.299 

35-303 

35-307 

35-3II 

897 

35.3r5 

35.319 

35.323 

35.327 

35-331 

35-335 

35-339 

35-342 

35-346 

35-350 

898 

35-354 

35v358 

35-362 

35-366 

35.370 

35-374 

35-378 

35.382 

35-386 

35.390 

899 

35-394 

35.398 

35-402 

35.405 

35.409 

35-413 

35-417 

35.421 

35-425 

35.429 

900 

35433 

35437 

35-441 

35-445 

35-449 

35-453 

35-457 

35.461 

35-464 

35-468 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


33 


Table  1  0. 


MILLIMETERS  INTO  INCHES. 

i  mm.  =  0.0393;  inch. 


Milli¬ 

meters. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

900 

35-433 

35-437 

35.441 

35-445 

35-449 

35-453 

35-457 

35.461 

35464 

35.468 

901 

35-472 

35476 

35.480 

35.484 

35-488 

35492 

35496 

35-500 

35.504 

35.508 

902 

35-512 

35.516 

35-520 

35.524 

35.527 

35.531 

35.535 

35-539 

35-543 

35-547 

903 

35-551 

35-555 

35-559 

35-563 

35.567 

35.571 

35-575 

35-579 

35.583 

35.587 

9°4 

35-590 

35-594 

35.598 

35.602 

35.6o6 

35.6io 

35.6I4 

35.6i8 

35.622 

35.626 

905 

35.630 

35.634 

35.638 

35.642 

35.646 

35-650 

35.653 

35-657 

35.661 

35.665 

906 

35-669 

35.673 

35.677 

35.68i 

35.685 

35-689 

35.693 

35.697 

35-701 

35.705 

907 

35-709 

35-713 

35.716 

35-720 

35.724 

35.728 

35.732 

35.736 

35.740 

35-744 

908 

35-748 

35-752 

35.756 

35.760 

35.764 

35.768 

35.772 

35.776 

35-779 

35783 

909 

35-787 

35.791 

35.795 

35.799 

35-803 

35-807 

35.811 

35.815 

35.8I9 

35.823 

910 

35.827 

35.831 

35.835 

35.839 

35.842 

35.846 

35.850 

35.854 

35.858 

35.862 

911 

35.866 

35.870 

35.874 

35-»7S 

35.882 

35-886 

35.890 

35.894 

35.898 

35-902 

912 

35-905 

35.909 

35.9I3 

35.917 

35.921 

35.925 

35.929 

35-933 

35-937 

35.941 

9i3 

35-945 

35.949 

35-953 

35-957 

35.96I 

35-964 

35.968 

35-972 

35-976 

35.980 

914 

35.984 

35.988 

35-992 

35.996 

36.000 

36.004 

36.008 

36.012 

36.016 

36.020 

915 

36.024 

36.027 

36.031 

36.035 

36.039 

36.043 

36.047 

36.051 

36.055 

36.059 

916 

36.063 

36.067 

36.071 

36.075 

36.079 

36.083 

36.087 

36.090 

36.094 

36.098 

9J7 

36. 102 

36. 106 

36.110 

36.114 

36.118 

36.122 

36.126 

36.130 

36.134 

36.138 

918 

36.142 

36.146 

36.150 

36.153 

36.157 

36.161 

36.165 

36.169 

36.173 

36.177 

919 

36.181 

36.185 

36.189 

36.193 

36.197 

36.201 

36.205 

36.209 

36.213 

36.216 

920 

36.220 

36.224 

36.228 

36.232 

36.236 

36.240 

36.244 

36.248 

36.252 

36.256 

921 

36.260 

36.264 

36.268 

36.272 

36.276 

36.279 

36.283 

36.287 

36.291 

36.295 

922 

36.299 

36.303 

36.307 

36.311 

36.315 

36.319 

36.323 

36.327 

36.331 

36.335 

923 

36.339 

36.342  ' 

36.346 

36.350 

36.354 

36.358 

36.362 

36.366 

36.370 

36.374 

924 

36.378 

36.382 

36.386 

36.390 

36.394 

36.398 

36.402 

36.405 

36.409 

36.413 

925 

36.417 

36.421 

36.425 

36.429 

36.433 

36.437 

36.441 

36.445 

36.449 

36.453 

926 

36.457 

36.461 

36.464 

36.468 

36.472 

36.476 

36.480 

36.484 

36.488 

36.492 

927 

36.496 

36.500 

36.504 

36.508 

36.5 12 

36.516 

36.520 

36.524 

36.527 

36.531 

928 

36.535 

36.539 

36.543 

36.547 

36.551 

36.555 

36.559 

36.563 

36.567 

36.571 

929 

36.575 

36.579 

36.583 

36.587 

36.590 

36.594 

36.598 

36.602 

36.606 

36.610 

930 

36.614 

36.618 

36.622 

36.626 

36.630 

36.634 

36.638 

36.642 

36.646 

36.650 

93i 

36.653 

36.657 

36.661 

36.665 

36.669 

36.673 

36.677 

36.681 

36.685 

36.689 

932 

36.693 

36.697 

36.701 

36.705 

36.709 

36.713 

36.716 

36.720 

36.724 

36.728 

933 

36.732 

36.736 

36.740 

36.744 

36.748 

36.752 

36.756 

36.760 

36.764 

36.768 

934 

36.772 

36.776 

36.779 

36.783 

36.787 

36.791 

36.795 

36.799 

36.803 

36.807 

935 

36.811 

36.815 

36.819 

36.823 

36.827 

36.831 

36.835 

36.839 

36.842 

36.846 

936 

36.850 

36.854 

36.858 

36.862 

36.866 

36.870 

36.874 

36.878 

36.882 

36.886 

937 

36.890 

36.894 

36.898 

36.902 

36.905 

36.909 

36.913 

36.917 

36.921 

36.925 

938 

36.929 

36.933 

36.937 

36.941 

36.945 

36.949 

36.953 

36.957 

36.961 

36.964 

939 

36.968 

36.972 

36.976 

36.98O 

36.984 

36.988 

36.992 

36.996 

37.000 

37.004 

940 

37.oo8 

37.012 

37.016 

37.020 

37.024 

37.027 

37.03I 

37.035 

37.039 

37.043 

941 

37-047 

37.051 

37.055 

37.059 

37.063 

37.067 

37.071 

37-075 

37.079 

37-083 

942 

37.087 

37.090 

37.094 

37.098 

37.102 

37.106 

37.IIO 

37.114 

37.118 

37.122 

943 

37.126 

37.130 

37.134 

•37.138 

37.142 

37.I46 

37.150 

37.153 

37-157 

37.161 

944 

37.165 

37.169 

37-173 

37.177 

37.181 

37.185 

37.I89 

37.193 

37.197 

37-201 

945 

37-204 

37.208 

37.212 

37.216 

37.220 

37.224 

37.228 

37.232 

37.236 

37.240 

946 

37.244 

37.248 

37.252 

37.256 

37.260 

37.264 

37.268 

37.272 

37.276 

37.279 

947 

37.283 

37.287 

37.291 

37.295 

37.299 

37.303 

37.307 

37.311 

37.315 

37.319 

948 

37.323 

37.327 

37.331 

37.335 

37-339 

37.378 

37.342 

37-346 

37-350 

37-354 

37.358 

949 

37.362 

37.366 

37.370 

37-374 

37.382 

37.386 

37-390 

37.394 

37.398 

950 

37.402 

37.405 

37409 

37.413 

37.417 

37.421 

37425 

37.429 

37-433 

37437 

6mithsonian  Tables. 


34 


MILLIMETERS  INTO  INCHES. 

i  mm.  =  0.03937  inch. 


Table  10. 


Milli¬ 

meters. 

.0 

< 

.2 

.3 

A 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

950 

37.402 

37.405 

37.409 

37.413 

37-4T7 

37421 

37425 

37.429 

37-433 

37-437 

95i 

37-441 

37.445 

37449 

37-453 

37-457 

37-461 

37464 

37.468 

37.472 

37.476 

952 

37.480 

37.484 

37488 

37.492 

37496 

37.500 

37.504 

37.508 

37.512 

37-516 

953 

37-520 

37.524 

37.527 

37.531 

37-535 

37-539 

37.543 

37-547 

37.551 

37-555 

954 

37-559 

37.563 

37.567 

37-571 

37.575 

37.579 

37.583 

37.587 

37.590 

37-594 

955 

37.598 

37.602 

37.606 

37.610 

37.6T4 

37-6i8 

37.622 

37.626 

37.630 

37.634 

956 

37.638 

37.642 

37.646 

37.650 

37.653 

37.657 

37.661 

37-665 

37.669 

37.673 

957 

37.677 

37.681 

37.685 

37.689 

37.693 

37.697 

37.701 

37-705 

37.709 

37.713 

958 

37.716 

37.720 

37.724 

37.728 

37-732 

37.736 

37.740 

37-744 

37.748 

37.752 

959 

37.756 

37.760 

37.764 

37768 

37.772 

37.776 

37-779 

37.783 

37.787 

37.791 

960 

37-795 

37-799 

37.803 

37.807 

37.811 

37.815 

37.819 

37-823 

37.827 

37.831 

961 

37.835 

37.839 

37.842 

37.846 

37.850 

37.854 

37.858 

37.862 

37-866 

37.870 

962 

37.874 

37.878 

37.882 

37.886 

37.890 

37.894 

37.898 

37.901 

37.905 

37.909 

963 

37-9I3 

37.917 

37.921 

37-925 

37.929 

37.933 

37-937 

37.941 

37.945 

37-949 

964 

37-953 

37-957 

37.961 

37.964 

37.968 

37-972 

37.976 

37.980 

37.984 

37.988 

965 

37.992 

37.996 

38.OOO 

38.004 

38.008 

38.012 

38.016 

38.020 

38.024 

38.027 

966 

38.031 

38.035 

38.039 

38.043 

38.047 

38.051 

38.055 

38.059 

38.063 

38.067 

967 

38.071 

38.075 

38.079 

38.083 

38.087 

38.090 

38.094 

38.098 

38.102 

38.106 

968 

38.110 

38.114 

38.118 

38.122 

38.126 

38.130 

38.134 

38.138 

38.142 

38.146 

969 

38.150 

38.153 

38.157 

38.161 

38.165 

38.169 

38.173 

38.177 

38.181 

38.185 

970 

38.189 

38.193 

38.197 

38.201 

38.205 

38.209 

38.213 

38.216 

38.220 

38.224 

971 

38.228 

38.232 

38.236 

38.240 

38.244 

38.248 

38.252 

38.256 

38.260 

38.264 

972 

38.268 

38.272 

38.276 

38.279 

38.283 

38.287 

38.291 

38.295 

38.299 

38.303 

973 

38.307 

38.311 

38.315 

38.319 

38.323 

38.327 

38.331 

38.335 

38.339 

38.342 

974 

38.346 

38.350 

38.354 

38.358 

38.362 

38.366 

38.370 

38.374 

38.378 

38.382 

975 

38.386 

38.390 

38.394 

38.398 

38.401 

38.405 

38.409 

38.413 

38.417 

38.421 

976 

38.425 

38.429 

38.433 

38.437 

38.441 

38.445 

38.449 

38.453 

38.457 

38.461 

977 

38.464 

38.468 

38.472 

38.476 

38.480 

38.484 

38.488 

38.492 

38.496 

38.500 

978 

38.504 

38.508 

38.512 

38.516 

38.520 

38.524 

38.527 

38.531 

38.535 

38.539 

979 

38.543 

38.547 

38.551 

38.555 

38.559 

38.563 

38.567 

38.571 

38.575 

38.579 

980 

38.583 

38.587 

38.590 

38.594 

38.598 

38.602 

38.606 

38.610 

38.614 

38.61S 

981 

38.622 

38.626 

38.630 

38.634 

38.638 

38.642 

38.646 

38.650 

38.653 

38.657 

982 

38.661 

38.665 

38.669 

38.673 

38.677 

38.681 

38.685 

38.689 

38.693 

38.697 

983 

38.701 

38.705 

38.709 

.  38.713 

38.716 

38.720 

38.724 

38.728 

38.732 

38.736 

984 

38.740 

38.744 

38.748 

38.752 

38.756 

38.760 

38.764 

38.768 

38.772 

38.776 

985 

38.780 

38.783 

38.787 

38.791 

38.795 

38.799 

38.803 

38.807 

38.811 

38.815 

986 

38.819 

38.823 

38.827 

38.831 

38.835 

38.839 

38.842 

38.846 

38.850 

38.854 

987 

38.858 

38.862 

38.866 

38.870 

38.874 

38.878 

38.882 

38.886 

38.890 

38.894 

988 

38.898 

38.901 

38.905 

38.909 

38.913 

38.917 

38.921 

38.925 

38.929 

38.933 

989 

38.937 

38.941 

38.945 

38.949 

38.953 

38.957 

38.961 

38.964 

38.968 

38.972 

990 

38.976 

38.980 

38.984 

38.988 

38.992 

38.996 

39.000 

39.004 

39.008 

39.012 

991 

39.016 

39.020 

39.024 

39.027 

39.031 

39-035 

39.039 

39-043 

39.047 

39.051 

992 

39.055 

39.059 

39.063 

39.067 

39.071 

39.075 

39.079 

39.083 

39.087 

39.090 

993 

39.094 

39.098 

39.102 

39. 106 

39.IIO 

39-H4 

39.118 

39*  !22 

39-I26 

39.130 

994 

39.134 

39.I38 

39.142 

39.146 

39*I50 

39.153 

39-157 

39.161 

39-165 

39. 169 

995 

39-I73 

39-T77 

39-i8i 

39-185 

39.189 

39- 193 

39-197 

39.201 

39-205 

39.209 

996 

39-213 

39.216 

39.220 

39.224 

39.228 

39.232 

39.236 

39.240 

39.244 

39.248 

997 

39-252 

39-256 

39.260 

39.264 

39.268 

39.272 

39.276 

39.279 

39.2S3 

39.287 

998 

39.291 

39-295 

39.299 

39.303 

39.307 

39.311 

39.3I5 

39-3T9 

39.323 

39-327 

999 

39-331 

39-335 

39-339 

39.342 

39.346 

39-350 

39-354 

39.358 

39.362 

39.366 

1000 

39.370 

39-374 

39-378 

39-382 

39.386 

39.390 

39.394 

39.398 

39.401 

39-405 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


35 


Table  1 1 . 


BAROMETRIC  INCHES  (MERCURY)  INTO  MILLIBARS. 

i  inch  =  33. 86395  mb. 


Inches 

.00 

.01 

.02 

.03 

.04 

.05 

.06 

.07 

.08 

.09 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

0.0 

0.00 

0-34 

0.68 

1.02 

i-35 

1.69 

2.03 

2-37 

2.71 

3-05 

0.1 

3-39 

3- 73 

4.06 

4.40 

4-74 

5.08 

542 

5-76 

6.10 

643 

0.2 

6.77 

7-n 

745 

7-79 

8.13 

8.47 

8.80 

9.14 

9.48 

9.82 

o-3 

10.16 

10.50, 

10.84 

11. 18 

ii-5i 

11.85 

12.19 

12.53 

12.87 

13.21 

0.4 

13-55 

13.88 

14.22 

14.56 

14.90 

15.24 

15-58 

15.92 

16.25 

16.59 

0.5 

16.93 

17.27 

17.61 

17-95 

18.29 

18.63 

18.96 

19.30 

19.64 

19.98 

0.6 

20.32 

20.66 

21.00 

21-33 

21.67 

22.01 

22.35 

22.69 

23-03 

23-37 

0.7 

23.70 

24.04 

24.38 

24.72 

25.06 

25.40 

25-74 

26.08 

26.41 

26.75 

0.8 

27.09 

2743 

27-77 

28.11 

28.45 

28.78 

29.12 

29.46 

29.80 

30.14 

0.9 

30.48 

30.82 

3i.i5 

31-49 

31.83 

32.17 

32.51 

32.85 

33-19 

33-53 

1.0 

33-86 

34.20 

34-54 

34.88 

35-22 

35.56 

35-90 

36.23 

36.57 

36.91 

1. 1 

37-25 

37-59 

37-93 

38.27 

38.60 

38.94 

39.28 

39.62 

39-96 

40.30 

1.2 

40.64 

40.98 

4i-3i 

41.65 

41.99 

42.33 

42.67 

43-01 

43-35 

43.68 

i-3 

44.02 

44-36 

44-70 

45-04 

45.38 

45-72 

46.05 

46.39 

46.73 

47-07 

1.4 

47.41 

47-75 

48.09 

4843 

48.76 

49.10 

49.44 

49-78 

50.12 

50.46 

1.5 

50.80 

5i-i3 

51-47 

51.81 

52.15 

5249 

52.83 

53-17 

53-51 

53-84 

1.6 

54.18 

54-52 

54-86 

55-20 

55-54 

55-88 

56.21 

56.55 

56.89 

57.23 

1.7 

57-57 

57-91 

58.25 

58.58 

58.92 

59.26 

*  59.60 

59-94 

60.28 

60.62 

1.8 

60.96 

61.29 

61.63 

61.97 

62.31 

62.65 

62.99 

63-33 

63.66 

64.00 

1.9 

64-34 

64.68 

65.02 

65-36 

65.70 

66.03 

66.37 

66.71 

67.05 

67-39 

2.0 

67-73 

68.07 

68.41 

68.74 

69.08 

69.42 

69.76 

70.10 

7044 

70.78 

2.1 

71. 11 

71-45 

71.79 

72.13 

72.47 

72.81 

73-15 

73-48 

73-82 

74.16 

2.2 

74-50 

74.84 

75-i8 

75-52 

75-86 

76.19 

76.53 

76.87 

77.21 

77-55 

2-3 

77.89 

78.23 

78.56 

78.90 

79.24 

79-58 

79.92 

80.26 

80.60 

80.93 

2.4 

81.27 

81.61 

81.95 

82.29 

82.63 

82.97 

83-31 

83.64 

83.98 

84.32 

25.0 

846.6 

846.9 

847-3 

847.6 

848.0 

848.3 

848.6 

849.0 

849-3 

849.6 

25-1 

850.0 

850.3 

850.7 

851.0 

851-3 

851-7 

852.0 

852.4 

852.7 

853-0 

25.2 

8534 

853-7 

854.0 

8544 

854-7 

855.1 

8554 

855.7 

856.1 

856.4 

25-3 

856.8 

857.1 

8574 

857.8 

858.1 

858.5 

858.8 

859.1 

859-5 

859.8 

25-4 

860.1 

860.5 

860.8 

861.2 

861.5 

861.8 

862.2 

862.5 

862.9 

863.2 

25.5 

863.5 

863.9 

864.2 

864.5 

864.9 

865.2 

865.6 

865.9 

866.2 

866.6 

25.6 

866.9 

867.3 

867.6 

867.9 

868.3 

868.6 

868.9 

869.3 

869.6 

870.0 

25-7 

870.3 

870.7 

871.0 

871.3 

871.7 

872.0 

872.3 

872.7 

873.0 

8734 

25.8 

873-7 

874.0 

874.4 

874.7 

875.0 

8754 

875.7 

876.1 

876.4 

876.7 

25-9 

877.1 

877.4 

877.8 

878.1 

878.4 

878.8 

879.1 

879.4 

879.8 

880.1 

26.0 

880.5 

880.8 

881. 1 

881.5 

881.8 

882.2 

882.5 

882.8 

883.2 

883.5 

26.1 

883.8 

884.2 

884.5 

884.9 

885.2 

885.5 

885.9 

886.2 

886.6 

886.9 

26.2 

887.2 

887.6 

887.9 

888.3 

888.6 

888.9 

889.3 

889.6 

889.9 

890.3 

26.3 

890.6 

891.0 

891.3 

891.6 

'892.0 

892.3 

892.7 

893.0 

893.3 

893-7 

26.4 

894.0 

894-3 

894.7 

895.0 

8954 

895.7 

896.0 

896.4 

896.7 

897.1 

26.5 

897.4 

897.7 

898.1 

898.4 

898.7 

899.1 

899.4 

899.8 

900.1 

900.4 

26.6 

900.8 

901. 1 

901.5 

901.8 

902.1 

902.5 

902.8 

903.2 

903-5 

903.8 

26.7 

904.2 

904.5 

904.8 

905.2 

905-5 

905-9 

906.2 

906.5 

906.9 

907.2 

26.8 

907.6 

907.9 

908.2 

908.6 

908.9 

909.2 

909.6 

909.9 

910.3 

910.6 

26.9 

910.9 

9H-3 

911.6 

912.0 

912.3 

912.6 

913.0 

913-3 

913.6 

914.0 

!  27.0 

914-3 

9U-7 

915.0 

915.3 

915.7 

916.0 

916.4 

916.7 

917.0 

917.4 

27.1 

917.7 

918.1 

918.4 

9*8-7 

9I9-1 

9I9-4 

919.7 

920.1 

920.4 

920.8 

27.2 

921. 1 

921.4 

921.8 

922.1 

922.5 

922.8 

923.1 

923-5 

923.8 

924.1 

27-3 

924-5 

924.8 

925.2 

925-5 

925.8 

926.2 

926.5 

926.9 

927.2 

927.5 

27.4 

927.9 

928.2 

928.5 

928.9 

929.2 

929.6 

929.9 

930.2 

930.6 

930.9 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

36 


Tablz  11 


BAROMETRIC  INCHES  (MERCURY)  INTO  MILLIBARS. 

i  inch  =  33.86395  mb. 


Inches. 

.00 

.01 

.02 

.03 

.04 

.05 

.06 

.07 

.08 

.09 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

27.5 

93i-3 

931.6 

93i-9 

932.3 

932.6 

933-o 

933-3 

933-6 

934-o 

934-3 

27.6 

934-6 

935-o 

935-3 

935-7 

936.0 

936.3 

936.7 

937-o 

937-4 

937-7 

27.7 

938.0 

9384 

938.7 

939-o 

9394 

939-7 

940.1 

940.4 

940.7 

941. 1 

27.8 

941.4 

941.8 

942.1 

942.4 

942.8 

943-i 

943-4 

943-8 

944.1 

944-5 

27.9 

944.8 

945-1 

945-5 

945-8 

946.2 

946.5 

946.8 

947.2 

947-5 

947-9 

28.0 

948.2 

948.5 

948.9 

949.2 

949-5 

949-9 

950.2 

950.6 

950.9 

951-2 

28.1 

951.6 

95i-9 

952.3 

952.6 

952.9 

953-3 

953-6 

953-9 

954-3 

954-6 

28.2 

955-0 

955-3 

955-6 

956.0 

956.3 

956.7 

957-o 

957-3 

957-7 

958.0 

28.3 

958.3 

958.7 

959-o 

9594 

959-7 

960.0 

960.4 

960.7 

961.1 

961.4 

28.4 

961.7 

962.1 

962.4 

962.8 

963.1 

9634 

963.8 

964.1 

964.4 

964.8 

28.5 

965.1 

965.5 

965.8 

966.1 

966.5 

966.8 

967.2 

967.5 

967.8 

968.2 

28.6 

968.5 

968.8 

969.2 

969-5 

969.9 

970.2 

970.5 

970.9 

971.2 

971.6 

28.7 

971.9 

972.2 

972.6 

972.9 

973-2 

973-6 

973-9 

974-3 

974.6 

974-9 

28.8 

975-3 

975-6 

976.0 

976.3 

976.6 

977.0 

977-3 

977-7 

978.0 

978.3 

28.9 

978.7 

979.0 

979-3 

979-7 

980.0 

980.4 

980.7 

981.0 

981.4 

981.7 

29.0 

982.1 

982.4 

982.7 

983.1 

9834 

983-7 

984.1 

984.4 

984.8 

985.1 

29.1 

9854 

985.8 

986.1 

986.5 

986.8 

987.1 

987-5 

987.8 

988.2 

988.5 

29.2 

988.8 

989.2 

989-5 

989.8 

990.2 

990.5 

990.9 

991.2 

991-5 

991.9 

29-3 

992.2 

992.6 

992.9 

993-2 

993.6 

993-9 

994-2 

994.6 

994-9 

995-3 

29.4 

995-6 

995-9 

996.3 

996.6 

997.0 

997-3 

997.6 

998.0 

998.3 

998.6 

29.5 

999.0 

999-3 

999-7 

1000.0 

1000.4 

1000.7 

IOOI.O 

1001. 4 

1001. 7 

1002.0 

29.6 

1002.4 

1002.7 

1003. 1 

1003.4 

1003.7 

1004. 1 

1004.4 

1004.7 

1005. 1 

1005.4 

29.7 

1005.8 

1006. 1 

1006.4 

1006.8 

1007. 1 

1007.5 

1007.8 

1008. 1 

1008.5 

1008.8 

29.8 

1009. 1 

1009.5 

1009.8 

1010.2 

1010.5 

1010.8 

IOII.2 

1011.5 

1011.9 

1012. 2 

29.9 

1012. 5 

1012.9 

1013. 2 

ioi3-5 

1013.9 

1014.2 

IOI4.6 

1014.9 

1015. 2 

1015.6 

30.0 

10x5-9 

1016.3 

1016.6 

1016.9 

1017.3 

1017.6 

IO18.O 

1018.3 

1018. 6 

1019.0 

30.1 

1019.3 

1019.6 

1020.0 

1020.3 

1020.7 

1021.0 

1021.3 

1021. 7 

1022.0 

1022.4 

30.2 

1022.7 

1023.0 

1023.4 

1023,7 

1024.0 

1024.4 

IO24.7 

1025. 1 

1025.4 

1025.7 

30.3 

1026.1 

1026.4 

1026.8 

1027. 1 

1027.4 

1027.8 

1028.1 

1028.4 

1028.8 

1029. 1 

30.4 

1029.5 

1029.8 

1030. 1 

1030.5 

1030.8 

1031. 2 

1031-5 

1031.8 

1032.2 

1032.5 

30.5 

1032.9 

1033.2 

1033-5 

1033-9 

1034.2 

io34-5 

IO34.9 

1035-2 

1035-6 

1035-9 

30.6 

1036.2 

1036.6 

1036.9 

1037-3 

1037.6 

1037.9 

IO38.3 

1038.6 

1038.9 

1039-3 

30.7 

1039.6 

1040.0 

1040.3 

1040.6 

1041.0 

1041-3 

1041. 7 

1042.0 

1042.3 

1042.7 

30.8 

1043.0 

1043-3 

1043-7 

1044.0 

1044.4 

1044.7 

IO45.O 

1045.4 

1045-7 

1046.1 

30.9 

1046.4 

1046.7 

1047.1 

1047.4 

1047.8 

1048.1 

IO48.4 

1048.8 

1049. 1 

1049.5 

31.0 

1049.8 

1050.1 

1050.5 

1050.8 

1051.1 

1051. 5 

1051.8 

1052.2 

1052.5 

1052.8 

3i-i 

1053-2 

io53-5 

1053-8 

1054.2 

io54-5 

1054.9 

1055-2 

io55-5 

io55-9 

1056.2 

31-2 

1056.6 

1056.9 

1057.2 

1057.6 

xo57-9 

1058.2 

1058.6 

1058.9 

io59-3 

1059.6 

3i-3 

1059.9 

1060.3 

1060.6 

106 1. 0 

1061.3 

1061.6 

1062.0 

1062.3 

1062.7 

1063.0 

1  31-4 

1063.3 

1063.7 

1064.0 

1064.3 

1064.7 

1065.0 

1065.4 

1065.7 

1066.0 

1066.4 

31.5 

1066.7 

1067.1 

1067.4 

1067.7 

1068. 1 

1068.4 

1068.7 

1069.1 

1069.4 

1069.8 

31.6 

1070.1 

1070.4 

1070.8 

1071. 1 

1071.5 

1071.8 

1072. 1 

1072.5 

1072.8 

1073. 1 

3X-7 

io73-5 

1073.8 

1074.2 

1074-5 

1074.8 

1075.2 

io75-5 

1075-9 

1076.2 

1076.5 

31-8 

1076.9 

1077.2 

1077.6 

1077.9 

1078.2 

1078.6 

1078.9 

1079.2 

1079.6 

1079.9 

3i-9 

1080.3 

1080.6 

1080.9 

1081.3 

1081.6 

1082.0 

1082.3 

1082.6 

1083.0 

1083.3 

Smithsonian  Tables, 


37 


Table  12. 


BAROMETRIC  MILLIMETERS  (MERCURY)  INTO  MILLIBARS. 

I  mm.  =  1.33322387  mb. 


Milli- 
!  meters. 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

0 

0 

i-3 

2.7 

4.0 

5-3 

6.7 

8.0 

9-3 

10.7 

12.0 

10 

13-3 

14.7 

16.0 

17-3 

18.7 

20.0 

21.3 

22.7 

24.0 

25-3 

20 

26.7 

28.0 

29-3 

30.7 

32.0 

33-3 

34-7 

36.0 

37-3 

38.7 

30 

40.0 

4i-3 

42.7 

44-o 

45-3 

46.7 

48.0 

49-3 

50.7 

52.0 

40 

53-3 

54-7 

56.0 

57-3 

58.7 

60.0 

61.3 

62.7 

64.0 

65-3 

50 

66.7 

68.0 

69-3 

70.7 

72.0 

73-3 

74-7 

76.0 

77-3 

78.7 

60 

80.0 

81.3 

82.7 

84.0 

85.3 

86.7 

88.0 

89-3 

90.7 

92.0  1 

70 

93-3 

94-7 

96.0 

97-3 

98.7 

100.0 

101.3 

102.7 

104.0 

105.3 

80 

106.7 

108.0 

109.3 

110.7 

112.0 

II3-3 

1 14-7 

116.0 

II7-3 

118.7 

90 

120.0 

121.3- 

122.7 

124.0 

125.3 

126.7 

128.0 

129.3 

130.7 

132.0 

100 

133-3 

134-7 

1:36.0 

137-3 

138.7 

140.0 

I4I-3 

142.7 

144.0 

145-3 

no 

146.7 

148.0 

149-3 

150.7 

152.0 

153-3 

154-7 

156.0 

157-3 

158.7 

120 

160.0 

161.3 

162.7 

164.0 

165.3 

166.7 

168.0 

169.3 

170.7 

172.0 

130 

173-3 

174-7 

176.0 

177-3 

178.7 

180.0 

181.3 

182.7 

184.0 

185.3 

140 

186.7 

188.0 

189.3 

190.7 

192.0 

193-3 

194.7 

196.0 

x97-3 

198.7 

150 

200.0 

201.3 

202.7 

204.0 

205.3 

206.6 

208.0 

209.3 

210.6 

212.0 

160 

213-3 

214.6 

216.0 

217.3 

218.6 

220.0 

221.3 

222.6 

224.0 

225.3 

170 

226.6 

228.0 

229.3 

230.6 

232.0 

233.3 

234.6 

236.0 

237-3 

238.6 

180 

240.0 

241.3 

242.6 

244.0 

245.3 

246.6 

248.0 

249-3 

250.6 

252.0 

190 

253-3 

254.6 

256.0 

257-3 

258.6 

260.0 

261.3 

262.6 

264.0 

265.3 

200 

266.6 

268.0 

269.3 

270.6 

272.0 

273-3 

274.6 

276.0 

277-3 

278.6 

210 

280.0 

281.3 

282.6 

284.0 

285.3 

286.6 

288.0 

289.3 

290.6 

292.0 

220 

293-3 

294.6 

296.0 

297-3 

298.6 

300.0 

301-3 

302.6 

304.0 

305-3 

230 

306.6 

308.0 

309-3 

3IO-6 

312.0 

313.3 

314.6 

316.0 

317.3 

318.6 

240 

320.0 

321.3 

322.6 

324.0 

325.3 

326.6 

328.0 

329.3 

330.6 

332.0 

250 

333-3 

334-6 

336.0 

337-3 

338.6 

34o.o 

341-3 

342.6 

344-0 

345-3 

1  260 

346.6 

348.0 

349-3 

350.6 

352.0 

353-3 

354-6 

356.0 

357-3 

358.6 

!  270 

360.0 

361.3 

362.6 

364.0 

365-3 

366.6 

368.0 

369.3 

370.6 

372.0 

280 

373-3 

374-6 

376.0 

377-3 

378.6 

380.0 

381.3 

382.6 

384-0 

385-3 

1  290 

386.6 

388.0 

389.3 

390.6 

392.0 

393-3 

394-6 

396.0 

397-3 

398.6 

300 

400.0 

401.3 

402.6 

404.0 

405-3 

406.6 

408.9 

409-3 

410.6 

412.0 

310 

413-3 

414.6 

416.0 

417.3 

418.6 

420.0 

421.3 

422.6 

424.0 

425.3 

320 

426.6 

428.0 

429.3 

430.6 

432.0 

433-3 

434-6 

436.0 

437-3 

438.6 

330 

440.0 

441-3 

442.6 

444.0 

445-3 

446.6 

448.0 

449-3 

450.6 

452.0 

340 

453-3 

454-6 

456.0 

457-3 

458.6 

460.0 

461.3 

462.6 

464.0 

465-3 

350 

466.6 

468.0 

469.3 

470.6 

472.0 

473-3 

474-6 

476.0 

477-3 

478.6 

360 

480.0 

481.3 

482.6 

484.0 

485.3 

486.6 

488.0 

489-3 

490.6 

492.0 

370 

493-3 

494.6 

496.0 

497-3 

498.6 

500.0 

501.3 

502.6 

504.0 

505.3 

380 

506.6 

508.0 

509-3 

510.6 

512.0 

513-3 

514.6 

516.0 

517-3 

518.6 

390 

520.0 

521.3 

522.6 

524.0 

525.3 

526.6 

528.0 

529-3 

530.6 

532.o 

400 

533-3 

534-6 

536.0 

537-3 

538.6 

540.0 

541-3 

542.6 

544-0 

545-3 

410 

546.6 

548.0 

549-3 

550.6 

552.0 

553-3 

554-6 

556.0 

557-3 

558.6 

420 

560.0 

561.3 

562.6 

564.0 

565.3 

566.6 

568.0 

569-3 

570.6 

572.0 

430 

573-3 

574-6 

576.0 

577-3 

578.6 

580.0 

581.3 

582.6 

584-0 

585-3 

440 

586.6 

588.0 

589-3 

590.6 

592.0 

593-3 

594-6 

596.0 

597-3 

598.6 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


38 


Table  12. 

BAROMETRIC  MILLIMETERS  (MERCURY)  INTO  MILLIBARS. 


.  I  mm.  =  1.33322387  mb. 


Milli¬ 

meters. 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

mb. 

t  450 

600.0 

601.3 

602.6 

604.0 

605.3 

606.6 

608.0 

609.3 

610.6 

611.9 

460 

6i3-3 

614.6 

615.9 

617.3 

618.6 

619.9 

621.3 

622.6 

623.9 

625.3 

470 

626.6 

627.9 

629.3 

630.6 

631.9 

633-3 

634*6 

635-9 

637-3 

638.6 

480 

639-9 

641.3 

642.6 

643.9 

645-3 

646.6 

647.9 

649-3 

650.6 

651.9 

490 

653-3 

654.6 

655-9 

657-3 

658.6 

659-9 

661.3 

662.6 

663.9 

665.3 

500 

666.6 

667.9 

669.3 

670.6 

671.9 

673-3 

674.6 

675-9 

677-3 

678.6  [ 

5io 

679.9 

681.3 

682.6 

683.9 

685.3 

686.6 

687.9 

689.3 

690.6 

691.9 

520 

693-3 

694.6 

695-9 

697-3 

698.6 

699.9 

701.3 

702.6 

703-9 

705-3 

530 

706.6 

707.9 

709.3 

710.6 

7H-9 

7I3-3 

714.6 

715-9 

717-3 

718.6 

540 

719.9 

721.3 

722.6 

723-9 

725.3 

726.6 

727.9 

729-3 

730.6 

73i-9 

550 

733-3 

734-6 

735-9 

737-3 

738.6 

739-9 

741-3 

742.6 

743-9 

745-3 

560 

746.6 

747-9 

749-3 

750.6 

751-9 

753-3 

754-6 

755-9 

757-3 

758.6 

570 

759-9 

761.3 

762.6 

763-9 

765-3 

766.6 

767.9 

769-3 

770.6 

77i-9  ! 

580 

773-3 

774.6 

775-9 

777-3 

778.6 

779-9 

781.3 

782.6 

783-9 

785-3 

590 

786.6 

787.9 

789-3 

790.6 

791.9 

793-3 

794.6 

795-9 

797-3 

798.6 

600 

799-9 

801.3 

802.6 

803.9 

805.3 

806.6 

807.9 

809.3 

810.6 

811.9 ! 

610 

8i3-3 

814.6 

815.9 

8i7-3 

818.6 

819.9 

821.3 

822.6 

823.9 

825.3  i 

620 

826.6 

827.9 

829.3 

830.6 

831.9 

833-3 

834.6 

835-9 

837-3 

838.6 1 

630 

839-9 

841.3 

842.6 

843.9 

845-3 

846.6 

847.9 

849-3 

850.6 

851-9 

640 

853-3 

854.6 

855-9 

857-3 

858.6 

859-9 

861.3 

862.6 

863.9 

865.3 

650 

866.6 

867.9 

869.3 

870.6 

871.9 

873-3 

874.6 

875-9 

877-3 

878.6 

660 

879.9 

881.3 

882.6 

883.9 

885.3 

886.6 

887.9 

889.3 

890.6 

891.9 

670 

893-3 

894.6 

895.9 

897-3 

898.6 

899.9 

901.3 

902.6 

903-9 

905-3 

680 

906.6 

907.9 

9°9-3 

910.6 

9II-9 

913-3 

914.6 

9I5-9 

9I7-3 

918.6 

690 

9I9-9 

921.3 

922.6 

923-9 

925-3 

926.6 

927.9 

929-3 

930.6 

931-9 

700 

933-3 

934-6 

935-9 

937-3 

938.6 

939-9 

94i-3 

942.6 

943-9 

945-3  ! 

710 

946.6 

947-9 

949-3 

950.6 

95i-9 

953-3 

954-6 

955-9 

957-3 

958.6  j 

720 

959-9 

961.3 

962.6 

963-9 

965-3 

966.6 

967.9 

969-3 

970.6 

97I-9  | 

730 

973-3 

974-6 

975-9 

977-3 

978.6 

979-9 

981.3 

982.6 

983-9 

985-3  ! 

740 

986.6 

987.9 

989-3 

990.6 

991.9 

993-3 

994.6 

995-9 

997-3 

998.6 

750 

999.9 

1001. 3 

1002.6 

1003.9 

1005.3 

1006.6 

1007.9 

1009.3 

1010.6 

1011.9 

760 

1013.3 

1014.6 

1015.9 

1017. 2 

1018.6 

1019.9 

1021. 2 

1022.6 

1023.9 

1025.2 

770 

1026.6 

1027.9 

1029.2 

1030.6 

103 1. 9 

1033.2 

1034.6 

1035-9 

1037.2 

1038.6 

780 

1039.9 

1041. 2 

1042.6 

1043.9 

1045.2 

1046.6 

1047.9 

1049.2 

1050.6 

1051-9 

790 

1053-2 

1054.6 

1055-9 

1057.2 

1058.6 

1059.9 

1061.2 

1062.6 

1063.9 

1065.2 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


39 


Table  1  3. 


FEET  INTO  METERS. 

i  foot  =0.3048006  meter. 


Feet. 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

,m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

in. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

0 

0.000 

0.305 

0.610 

O.914 

I.219 

1.524 

I.829 

2.134 

2.438 

2-743 

10 

3.048 

3-353 

3.658 

3.962 

4.267 

4.572 

4.877 

5.182 

5-486 

5.791 

20 

6.096 

6.401 

6.706 

7.010 

7.315 

7.620 

7.925 

8.230 

8.534 

8.839 

30 

9-I44 

9-449 

9-754 

IO.058 

IO.363 

10.668 

IO.973 

II.278 

II.582 

II.887 

40 

12.192 

12.497 

12.802 

13.106 

I3-4II 

13-716 

14.021 

14.326 

14.630 

14.935 

50 

15.240 

15-545 

15.850 

16.154 

16.459 

16.764 

17.069 

17.374 

17.678 

17.983 

60 

18.288 

18.593 

18.898 

19.202 

19.507 

19.812 

20.117 

20.422 

20.726 

21.031 

70 

21.336 

21.641 

21.946 

22.250 

22.555 

22.860 

23.165 

23.470 

23-774 

24.079 

80 

24.384 

24.689 

24.994 

25.298 

25.603 

25.908 

26.213 

26.518 

26.822 

27.127 

90 

27.432 

27.737 

28.042 

28.346 

28. 651 

28.956 

29.261 

29.566 

29.870 

30.175 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

60 

70 

80 

90 

100 

30.48 

33-53 

36.58 

39.62 

42.67 

45.72 

48.77 

51.82 

54.86 

57.91 

200 

60.96 

64.01 

67.06 

70.10 

73.15 

76.20 

79-25 

82.30 

85.34 

88.39 

300 

9x-44 

94-49 

97-54 

100.58 

103.63 

106.68 

109.73 

112.78 

115.82 

118.87 

400 

121.92 

124.97 

128.02 

131.06 

134. 1 1 

137.16 

140.21 

143.26 

146.30 

149.35 

500 

152.40 

155-45 

158.50 

161.54 

164.59 

167.64 

170.69 

173-74 

176.78 

179-83 

600 

182.88 

185.93 

188.98 

192.02 

195.07 

198.12 

201.17 

204.22 

207.26 

210.31 

700 

213.36 

216.41 

219.46 

222.50 

225.55 

228.60 

231.65 

234.70 

237.74 

240.79 

800 

243.84 

246.89 

249.94 

252.98 

256.03 

259.08 

262.13 

265.18 

268.22 

271.27 

900 

274.32 

277.37 

280.42 

283.46 

286.51 

289.56 

292.61 

295.66 

298.70 

301.75 

1000 

304.80 

307.85 

!  3X0.90 

313.94 

316.99 

320.04 

323.09 

326.14 

329.18 

332.23 

IIOO 

335.28 

338.33 

34I.38 

34442 

347-47 

350.52 

353.57 

356.62 

359.67 

362.71 

1200 

365.76 

368.81 

371.86 

374.90 

377-95 

381.00 

384.05 

387.10 

390.14 

393.19 

1300 

396.24 

399.29 

402.34 

405-38 

408.43 

41 1. 48 

414.53 

417.58 

420.62 

423.67 

1400 

426.72 

429.77 

432.82 

435-86 

438.91 

441.96 

445.01 

448.06 

45i.io 

454.15 

1500 

457.20 

460.25 

463.30 

466.34 

469.39 

472.44 

475-49 

478.54 

481.58 

484.63 

1600 

487.68 

490.73 

493-78 

496.82 

499.87 

502.92 

505.97 

509.02 

512.07 

515-11 

1700 

518.16 

521.21 

524.26 

527.3X 

530.35 

533.40 

536.45 

539.50 

542.55 

545-59 

1800 

548.64 

551-69 

554-74 

557-79 

560.83 

563.88 

566.93 

569.98 

573-03 

576.07 

1900 

579-12 

582.17 

585.22 

588.27 

59x.3i 

594.36 

597.41 

600.46 

603.51 

606.55 

2000 

609.60 

612.65 

615.70 

618.75 

621.79 

624.84 

627.89 

630.94 

633-99 

637.03 

2100 

640.08 

643.13 

646.18 

649.23 

652.27 

655.32 

658.37 

661.42 

664.47 

667.51 

2200 

670.56 

673.61 

676.66 

679.71 

682.75 

685.80 

688.85 

691.90 

694.95 

697.99 

2300 

701.04 

704.09 

707.14 

710.19 

713-23 

716.28 

7I9.33 

722.38 

72543 

728.47 

2400 

731.52 

734-57 

737.62 

740.67 

743-71 

746.76 

749.81 

752.86 

755.91 

758.95 

2500 

762.00 

765-05 

768.  TO 

77I.I5 

774.19 

777.24 

780.29 

783.34 

786.39 

789.43 

2600 

792.48 

795-53 

798.58 

801.63 

804.67 

807.72 

810.77 

813.82 

816.87 

819.91 

2700 

822.96 

826.01 

829.06 

832.11 

835.15 

838.20 

841.25 

844.30 

847.35 

850.39 

2800 

853-44 

856.49 

859.54 

862.59 

865.63 

868.68 

871.73 

874.78 

877.83 

880.87 

2900 

883.92 

886.97 

89O.O2 

893.07 

896. 1 1 

899.16 

902.21 

905.26 

908.31 

911.35 

3000 

9T4-4° 

917.45 

920.50 

923.55 

926.59 

929.64 

932.69 

935-74 

938.79 

941.83 

3100 

944.88 

947-93 

950.98 

954.03 

957.07 

960.12 

963.17 

966.22 

969.27 

972.31 

3200 

975.36 

978.41 

981.46 

984.51 

987.55 

990.60 

993-65 

996.70 

999-75 

1002.79 

3300 

1005.84 

1008.89 

IOII.94 

1014.99 

1018.03 

[02 1. 08 

1024.13 

1027.18 

1030.23 

1033.27 

3400 

1036.32 

1039.37 

1042.42 

1045.47 

1048.51 

IO5I.56 

1054.61 

1057.66 

1060.71 

1063.75 

3500 

r  066.80 

1069.85 

IO72.9O 

1075-95 

(1078.99 

1082.04 

1085.09 

1088.14 

1091. 19 

1094.23 

3600 

1097.28 

1100.33 

IIO3.38 

1106.43 

(1109.47 

III2.52 

III5.57 

1118.62 

1121.67 

1 1 24.7 1 

3700 

1127.76 

1130.81 

1133.86 

1136.91 

11 39-95 

[143.00 

1146.05 

1149.10 

1152.15 

II55-I9 

3800 

1158.24 

1161.29 

II64.34 

1167.39 

!  1170.43 

[173.48 

1176.53 

1179.58 

1182.63 

1185.67 

3900 

1 188.72 

1 191.77 

1194.82 

1197.87 

1 1200.91 

[203.96 

1207.01 

1210.06 

1213.11 

1216.15 

4000 

[•219.20 

1222.25 

1225.30 

1228.35 

I1231.39 

I234.44 

1237.49 

1240.54 

1243.59 

1246.63 

8MirH60NIAN  T/BLE8. 


40 


FEET  INTO  METERS. 

i  foot  =  0.3048006  meter. 


Table  1  3. 


Feet. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

60 

70 

80 

90 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

4000 

1219.2 

1222.3 

1225.3 

1228.3 

1231.4 

1234.4 

1237-5 

1240.5 

1243.6 

1246.6 

4100 

1249.7 

1252.7 

1255-8 

1258.8 

1261.9 

1264.9 

1268.0 

1271. 0 

1274. 1 

1277. 1 

4200 

1280.2 

1283.2 

1286.3 

1289.3 

1292.4 

1295.4 

1298.5 

1301. 5 

1304.5 

1307.6 

4300 

1310.6 

I3I3-7 

1316.7 

1319.8 

1322.8 

I325-9 

1328.9 

1332.0 

1335-0 

1338.1 

4400 

1341. 1 

1344.2 

1347.2 

1350.3 

1353-3 

1356.4 

1359-4 

1362.5 

1365-5 

1368.6 

4500 

1371.6 

1374-7 

1377.7 

1380.7 

1383.8 

1386.8 

1389.9 

1392.Q 

I396.O 

1399.O 

4600 

1402. 1 

1405. 1 

1408.2 

I4II.2 

I4M-3 

I4I7.3 

1420.4 

1423.4 

'  1426.5 

1429.5 

4700 

1432.6 

1435-6 

1438.7 

1441. 7 

1444-8 

1447.8 

1450.9 

1453-9 

1456.9 

1460.0 

4800 

1463.0 

1466. 1 

1469. 1 

1472.2 

1475.2 

1478.3 

1481.3 

1484.4 

1487.4 

1490.5 

4900 

1493-5 

1496.6 

1499.6 

1502.7 

1505.7 

1508.8 

1511.8 

1514-9 

I5I7-9 

1521. 0 

5000 

1524.0 

1527.1 

1530. 1 

I533-1 

1536.2 

1539-2 

1542.3 

1545.3 

1548.4 

I55I-4 

5  ICO 

1554.5 

1557-5 

1560.6 

1563.6 

1566.7 

1569-7 

1572.8 

1575.8 

1578.9 

1581.9 

5200 

1585-0 

1588.0 

I591-1 

1594- 1 

1597-2 

1600.2 

1603.3 

1606.3 

1609.3 

1612.4 

53oo 

1615.4 

1618.5 

1621.5 

1624.6 

1627.6 

1630.7 

1633.7 

1636.8 

1639.8 

1642.9 

5400 

1645-9 

1649.0 

1652.0 

1655.1 

1658.1 

1661.2 

1664.2 

1667.3 

1670.3 

1673.4 

5500 

1676.4 

1679-5 

1682.5 

1685.5 

1688.6 

1691.6 

1694.7 

1697.7 

1700.8 

1703.8 

5600 

1706.9 

1709.9 

1713-0 

1716.0 

1719-1 

1722. 1 

1725.2 

1728.2 

I73I-3 

1734.3 

5700 

1737-4 

1740.4 

1743-5 

1746.5 

1749.6 

1752.6 

1755-7 

1758.7 

1761.7 

1764.8 

5800 

1767.8 

1770.9 

1773-9 

1777.0 

1780.0 

1783.1 

1786.1 

1789.2 

1792.2 

1795-3 

5900 

I798-3 

1801.4 

1804.4 

1807.5 

1810.5 

1813.6 

1816.6 

1819.7 

1822.7 

1825.8 

6000 

1828.8 

1831.9 

1834.9 

1837.9 

1841.0 

1844.0 

1847.1 

1850.1 

1853.2 

1856.2 

6100 

1859-3 

1862.3 

1865.4 

1868.4 

1871.5 

1874.5 

1877.6 

1880.6 

1883.7 

1886.7 

6200 

1889.8 

1892.8 

1895.9 

1898.9 

1902.0 

1905.0 

1908.I 

1911.1 

1914. I 

1917. 2 

6300 

1920.2 

1923.3 

1926.3 

1929.4 

1932.4 

1935-5 

1938.5 

1941.6 

1944.6 

1947.7 

6400 

1950.7 

1953.8 

1956.8 

1959-9 

1962.9 

1966.0 

1969.0 

1972. 1 

1975. I 

1978.2 

6500 

1981.2 

1984-3 

1987.3 

1990.3 

1993-4 

1996.4 

1999-5 

2002.5 

2005.6 

2008.6 

6600 

2011. 7 

2014.7 

2017.8 

2020.8 

2023.9 

2026.9 

2030.0 

2033.0 

2036. 1 

2039. 1 

6700 

2042.2 

2045.2 

2048.3 

2051.3 

2054.4 

2057-4 

2060.5 

2063.5 

2066.5 

2069.6 

6800 

2072.6 

2075.7 

2078.7 

2081.8 

2084.8 

2087.9 

2090.9 

2094.0 

2097.0 

2IOO.  I 

6900 

2103. 1 

2106.2 

2109.2 

2112. 3 

2H5-3 

2118.4 

2121. 4 

2124.5 

2127.5 

2130.6 

7000 

2133.6 

2136.7 

2139.7 

2142.7 

2145.8 

2148.8 

2151.9 

2154-9 

2158.0 

2l6l.O 

7100 

2164.1 

2167.1 

2170.2 

2173.2 

2176.3 

2179.3 

2182.4 

2185.4 

2188.5 

2I9I-5 

7200 

2194.6 

2197.6 

2200.7 

2203.7 

2206.8 

2209.8 

2212.9 

2215.9 

2218.9 

2222.0 

7300 

2225.0 

2228.1 

2231. 1 

2234.2 

2237.2 

2240.3 

2243.3 

2246.4 

2249.4 

2252.5 

7400 

2255-5 

2258.6 

2261.6 

2264.7 

2267.7 

2270.8 

2273.8 

2276.9 

2279.9 

2283.O 

7500 

2286.0 

2289. 1 

2292.1 

2295. 1 

2298.2 

2301.2 

2304-3 

2307.3 

2310.4 

23I3-4 

7600 

2316.5 

23I9-5 

2322.6 

2325.6 

2328.7 

2331-7 

2334-8 

2337.8 

2340.9 

2343-9 

7700 

2347.0 

2350.0 

2353- 1 

2356.1 

2359-2 

2362.2 

2365.3 

2368.3 

2371.3 

2374.4 

7800 

23774 

2380.5 

2383-5 

2386.6 

2389.6 

2392.7 

2395-7 

2398.8 

2401.8 

2404.9 

7900 

2407.9 

2411. 0 

2414.0 

2417. 1 

2420. 1 

2423.2 

2426.2 

2429.3 

2432.3 

2435-4 

8000 

2438.4 

2441.5 

2444.5 

2447-5 

2450.6 

2453-6 

2456.7 

2459-7 

2462.8 

2465.8 

8100 

2468.9 

2471.9 

2475.0 

2478.0 

2481.1 

2484. 1 

2487.2 

2490.2 

2493-3 

2496.3 

8200 

2499.4 

2502.4 

2505.5 

2508.5 

2511.6 

2514.6 

2517.7 

2520.7 

2523.7 

2526.8 

8300 

2529.8 

2532.9 

2535-9 

2539-o 

2542.0 

2545.1 

2548.1 

2551.2 

2554.2 

2557.3 

8400 

2560.3 

2563.4 

2566.4 

2569.5 

2572.5 

2575-6 

2578.6 

2581.7 

2584.7 

2587.8 

8500 

2590.8 

2593-9 

2596.9 

2599-9 

2603.0 

2606.0 

2609. 1 

2612.1 

2615.2 

2618.2 

8600 

2621.3 

2624.3 

2627.4 

2630.4 

2633.5 

2636.5 

2639.6 

2642.6 

2645.7 

2648.7 

8700 

2651.8 

2654.8 

2657.9 

2660.9 

2664.0 

2667.0 

2670. 1 

2673.1 

2676.1 

2679.2 

8800 

2682.2 

2685.3 

2688.3 

2691.4 

2694.4 

2697.5 

2700.5 

2703.6 

2706.6 

2709.7 

8900 

2712.7 

2715.8 

2718.8 

2721.9 

2724.9 

2728.0 

2731.0 

2734.1 

2737.1 

2740.2 

9000 

2743.2 

2746.3 

2749-3 

2752.3 

2755-4 

2758.4 

2761.5 

2764.5 

2767.6 

2770.6 

6mithsonian  Tables. 


41 


Table  14. 


METERS  INTO  FEET. 

i  meter  =  39.3700  inches  =3.280833  feet. 


Meters. 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

0 

0.00 

3.28 

6.56 

9.84 

13.12 

16.40 

19.68 

22.97 

26.25 

29-53 

10 

32.81 

36.09 

39.37 

42.65 

45-93 

49.21 

52.49 

5577 

59-05 

62.34 

20 

65.62 

68.90 

72.18 

75-46 

78.74 

82.02 

85-30 

88.58 

91.86 

95.14 

30 

98.42 

IOI.71 

104.99 

108.27 

HI.55 

114.83 

Il8.II 

121.39 

124.67 

127.95 

40 

131.23 

134.51 

137.79 

141.08 

144.36 

147.64 

150.92 

154.20 

15748 

160.76 

50 

164.04 

167.32 

170.60 

173.88 

177.16 

180.45 

183.73 

187.OI 

190.29 

193.57 

60 

196.85 

200.13 

203.41 

206.69 

209.97 

2I3.25 

216.53 

219.82 

223.10 

226.38 

70 

229.66 

232.94 

236.22 

239.50 

242.78 

246.06 

249.34 

252.62 

255.90 

259.19 

80 

262.47 

26575 

269.03 

272.31 

275.59 

278.87 

282.15 

28543 

288.71 

291.99 

90 

295.27 

298.56 

301.84 

305.12 

308.40 

311.68 

314.96 

3i8.24 

321.52 

324.80 

100 

328.08 

331.36 

334.64 

337.93 

341.21 

344-49 

347-77 

351.05 

354-33 

357-61 

no 

360.89 

364.I7 

36745 

370.73 

374-01 

377-30 

380.58 

383-86 

387.14 

390.42 

120 

393-70 

396.98 

400.26 

403.54 

406.82 

410.10 

413-38 

416.67 

419.95 

423-23 

130 

426.51 

429.79 

433-07 

436.35 

439-63 

442.91 

446.19 

449-47 

452.75 

456.04 

140 

459-32 

462.60 

465.88 

469.16 

472.44 

475-72 

479.00 

482.28 

485-56 

488.84 

150 

492.12 

495-41 

498.69 

501.97 

505.25 

508.53 

511.81 

515.09 

518.37 

521.65 

160 

524.93 

528.21 

53149 

534-78 

538.06 

541-34 

544-62 

547.90 

551.18 

55446 

170 

557-74 

561.02 

564.30 

567.58 

570.86 

574-15 

577-43 

580.71 

583.99 

587.27 

180 

590.55 

593.83 

597.II 

600.39 

603.67 

606.95 

610.23 

613.52 

616.80 

620.08 

190 

623.36 

626.64 

629.92 

633.20 

636.48 

639.76 

643.04 

646.32 

649.60 

652.89 

200 

656.17 

65945 

662.73 

666.01 

669.29 

672.57 

675-85 

679.13 

682.41 

685.69 

210 

688.97 

692.26 

695-54 

698.82 

702.10 

705.38 

708.66 

711.94 

715.22 

718.50 

220 

721.78 

725.06 

728.34 

731.63 

734.91 

738.19 

741.47 

744-75 

748.03 

75I.3I 

230 

754-59 

757-87 

761.15 

764.43 

767.71 

771.00 

774-28 

777.56 

780.84 

784.12 

240 

787.40 

790.68 

793.96 

797.24 

800.52 

803.80 

807.08 

810.37 

813.65 

816.93 

250 

820.21 

823.49 

826.77 

830.05 

833-33 

836.61 

839.89 

843-17 

846.45 

849.74 

260 

853.02 

856.30 

859.58 

862.86 

866.14 

869.42 

872.70 

875.98 

879.26 

882.54 

270 

885.82 

889.II 

892.39 

895.67 

898.95 

902.23 

905-51 

908.79 

912.07 

915.35 

280 

9i8.63 

921.91 

925-I9 

928.48 

931.76 

935-04 

938.32 

941.60 

944.88 

948.16 

290 

951.44 

95472 

958.00 

961.28 

964.56 

967.85 

971.13 

974-41 

977.69 

980.97 

300 

984.25 

987.53 

990.81 

994.09 

997-37 

1000.65 

1003.93 

1007.22 

1010.50 

1013.78 

310 

1017.06 

1020.34 

1023.62 

1026.90 

1030.18 

1033.46 

1036.74 

1040.02 

1043.30 

1046.59 

320 

1049.87 

I°53-I5 

1056.43 

1059.71 

1062.99 

1066.27 

1069.55 

1072.83 

1076.1 1 

1079.39 

330 

ro82.67 

1085.96 

1089.24 

1092.52 

1095.80 

1099.08 

1102.36 

1105.64 

1109.92 

1112.20 

340 

1115.48 

1118.76 

1122.04 

1125.33 

1128.61 

1131.89 

II35-I7 

113845 

II4I-73 

1 145.01 

350 

1148.29 

II5I-57 

1154.85 

1158.13 

1161.41 

1164.70 

1167.98 

1171.26 

1174.54 

1177.82 

360 

[181.10 

1184.38 

1187.66 

1 190.94 

1194.22 

1197.50 

1200.78 

1204.07 

1207.35 

1210.63 

370 

1213.91 

1217.19 

1220.47 

1223.75 

1227.03 

1230.31 

1233.59 

1236.87 

1240.15 

124344 

380 

1246.72 

1250.00 

1253.28 

1256.56 

1259.84 

1263.12 

1266.40 

1269.68 

1272.96 

1276.24 

390 

1279.52 

1282.81 

1286.09 

1289.37 

1292.65 

1295-93 

1299.21 

1302.49 

1305.77 

1309.05 

400 

1312.33 

1315.61 

1318.89 

1322.18 

1325.46 

1328.74 

1332.02 

I335.30 

1338.58 

1341.86 

410 

I345.I4 

1348.42 

I35I.70 

I354.98 

1358.26 

1361.55 

1364.83 

136S.11 

1371.39 

1374.67 

420 

1377.95 

1381.23 

I384.5I 

1387.79 

1391.07 

1394-35 

1397.63 

1400.92 

1404.20 

1407.48 

430 

1410.76 

1414.04 

1417.32 

1420.60 

1423.88 

1427.16 

1430.44 

143372 

1437.00 

1440.29 

440 

1443-57 

1446.85 

1450.13 

I4534I 

1456.69 

1459.97 

1463.25 

1466.53 

1469.81 

1473.09 

450 

1476.37 

1479.66 

1482.94 

1486.22 

1489.50 

1492.78 

1496.06 

1499.34 

1502.62 

1505.90 

460 

1509.18 

1512.46 

I5I574 

1519-03 

1522.31 

I525.59 

1528.87 

1532.15 

153543 

1538.71 

470 

I54I.99 

1545-27 

1548.55 

1551-83 

I555-1 1 

1558.40 

1561.68 

1564.96 

1568.24 

1571.52 

480 

1574.80 

1578.08 

1581.36 

1584.64 

1587.92 

i59I-2o 

1594.48 

1597.77 

1601.05 

1604.33 

490 

1607.61 

1610.89 

1614.17 

1617.45 

1620.73 

1624.01 

1627.29 

1630.57 

1633.85 

1637.14 

500 

1640.42 

1643.70 

1646.98 

1650.26 

1653.54 

1656.82 

1660.10 

1663.38 

1660.66 

1669.94 

8with8C  man  Tables. 


42 


METERS  INTO  FEET. 

I  meter  =  39.3700  inches  =  3  280833  feet. 


Table  14 


Meters. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

60 

70 

80 

90 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

500 

1640.4 

1673.2 

1706.0 

1738.8 

1771.6 

1804.5 

1837.3 

1870.I 

1902.9 

1935-7 

600 

1968.5 

2001.3 

2034.1 

2066.9 

2099.7 

2132.5 

2165.3 

2198.2 

2231.O 

2263.8 

700 

2296.6 

23294 

2362.2 

2395-0 

2427.8 

2460.6 

24934 

2526.2 

2559.0 

259I.9 

800 

2624.7 

2657.5 

2690.3 

2723.I 

2755-9 

2788.7 

2821.5 

2854.3 

2887.1 

2919.9 

900 

2952.7 

2985.6 

3018.4 

3051.2 

3084.0 

3116.8 

3I49-6 

3182.4 

3215.2 

3248.0 

1000 

3280.8 

33I3.6 

3346.4 

3379-3 

34I2.I 

3444-9 

3477.7 

3510.5 

3543-3 

3576.1 

IIOO 

3608.9 

3641.7 

3674.5 

3707.3 

3740.I 

3773-0 

3805.8 

3838.6 

38714 

3904.2 

1200 

3937-0 

3969.8 

4002.6 

40354 

4068.2 

4101.0 

4133.8 

4166.7 

4I99.5 

4232.3 

1300 

4265.I 

4297.9 

4330.7 

4363-5 

4396.3 

4429.1 

4461.9 

4494-7 

4527-5 

4560.4 

1400 

4593-2 

4626.0 

4658.8 

4691.6 

47244 

4757.2 

4790.0 

4822.8 

4855.6 

4888.4 

1500 

4921.2 

4954-1 

4986.9 

5019-7 

5052.5 

5085.3 

5118.1 

5150.9 

5183.7 

5216.5 

1600 

5249.3 

5282.1 

5314.9 

5347-8 

5380.6 

54134 

5446.2 

5479-0 

55H.8 

5544-6 

1700 

55774 

5610.2 

5643.0 

5675.8 

5708.6 

5741.5 

5774.3 

5807.1 

5839.9 

5872.7 

1800 

5905.5 

5938.3 

597I.I 

6003.9 

6036.7 

6069.5 

6102.3 

6135-2 

6168.O 

6200.8 

1900 

6233.6 

6266.4 

6299.2 

6332.0 

6364.8 

6397.6 

6430.4 

6463.2 

6496.0 

6528.9 

2000 

6561.7 

6594.5 

6627.3 

6660.1 

6692.9 

6725.7 

6758.5 

6791.3 

6824.I 

6856.9 

2100 

6889.7 

6922.6 

69554 

6988.2 

7021.0 

7053-8 

7086.6 

7119.4 

7152.2 

7185.0 

2200 

7217.8 

7250.6 

7283.4 

7316.3 

7349-1 

7381.9 

7414.7 

7447-5 

7480.3 

75I3-I 

2300 

7545-9 

7578.7 

7611.5 

76444 

7677.1 

7710.0 

7742.8 

7775-6 

7808.4 

7841.2 

2400 

7874.0 

7906.8 

7939.6 

7972.4 

8005.2 

8038.0 

8070.8 

8103.7 

8136.5 

8169.3 

2500 

8202.1 

8234.9 

8267.7 

8300.5 

8333-3 

8366.1 

8398.9 

8431-7 

8464.5 

84974 

2600 

8530.2 

8563.0 

8595-8 

8628.6 

8661.4 

8694.2 

8727.0 

8759-8 

8792.6 

8825.4 

2700 

8858.2 

8891.1 

8923.9 

8956.7 

8989.5 

9022.3 

9055.1 

9087.9 

9120.7 

9153.5 

2800 

9X86.3 

9219.1 

9251.9 

9284.8 

9317.6 

93504 

9383.2 

9416.0 

9448.8 

9481.6 

2900 

95144 

9547-2 

9580.0 

9612.8 

9645.6 

9678.5 

97H-3 

9744.1 

9776.9 

9809.7 

3000 

9842.5 

9875.3 

9908.  T 

9940.9 

9973-7 

10006.5 

10039.3 

10072.2 

IOI05.O 

IOI37.8 

3 100 

10170.6 

10203.4 

IO236.2 

10269.0 

10301.8 

10334.6 

10367.4 

10400.2 

10433.0 

10465.9 

3200 

10498.7 

10531.5 

10564.3 

10597. 1 

10629.9 

10662.7 

10695.5 

10728.3 

10761.I 

10793.9 

33oo 

10826.7 

10859.6 

IO892.4 

10925.2 

10958.0 

10990.8 

11023.6 

11056.4 

11089.2 

11122.0 

3400 

11154,8 

11187.6 

1 1220.4 

11253.3 

11286.1 

11318.9 

II35I.7 

113S4.5 

II4I7.3 

11450.1 

3500 

11482.9 

IT5I5.7 

11548.5 

11581.3 

1 1614.1 

11647.0 

11679.8 

11712.6 

1 17454 

11778.2 

3600 

11811.0 

11843.8 

II876.6 

1 1909.4 

1 1942.2 

1 1975.0 

12007.8 

12040.7 

12073.5 

12106.3 

3700 

12139.1 

12171.9 

12204.7 

12237.5 

12270.3 

12303.1 

12335-9 

12368.7 

1 2401.5 

I2434.4 

3800 

12467.2 

12500.0 

12532.8 

12565.6 

12598.4 

12631.2 

12664.0 

12696.8 

12729.6 

I2762.4 

3900 

12795.2 

12828.1 

I2860.9 

12893.7 

12926.5 

12959.3 

12992. 1 

13024.9 

13057.7 

13090.5 

4000 

13123.3 

1315^-t 

I3188.9 

13221.8 

13254.6 

13287.4 

13320.2 

13353-0 

13385.8 

13418.6 

4100 

1345 1-4 

13484.2 

13517.0 

13549.8 

13582.6 

13615-5 

13648.3 

13681.1 

I37I3.9 

13746.7 

4200 

T3779*5 

13812.3 

13845.1 

13877.9 

i39IO-7 

1 3943-5 

13976.3 

14009.2 

14042.0 

I4074.8 

4300 

14107.6 

14140.4 

I4I73.2 

14206.0 

14238.8 

1427  j. 6 

143044 

14337.2 

14370.0 

14402.9 

4400 

14435.7 

14468.5 

I450I.3 

I4534.I 

14566.9 

14599-7 

14632.5 

14665.3 

14698.I 

14730.9 

4500 

14763.7 

14796.6 

I4829.4 

14862.2 

14895.0 

14927.8 

14960.6 

14993-4 

15026.2 

T5059.0 

4600 

15091.8 

15124.6 

I5I574 

15190.3 

15223.1 

15255.9 

15288.7 

15321.5 

15354-3 

15387.1 

4700 

I54I9.9 

15452.7 

I5485.5 

15518.3 

I555I.I 

15584.0 

15616.8 

15649.6 

15682.4 

I57I5.2 

4800 

15748.0 

15780.8 

I5813.6 

15846.4 

15879.2 

15912.0 

15944.8 

15977.7 

16010.5 

16043.3 

4900 

16076.1 

16108.9 

I614I.7 

16174.5 

16207.3 

16240.1 

16272.9 

16305.7 

16338.5 

163714 

5000 

16404.2 

16437.0 

16469.8 

16502.6 

165354 

16568.2 

1 6601.0 

16633.8 

16666.6 

16699.4 

Tenths  of  a  meter. 

O.I  0.2  0.3  0.4 

0.5 

0.6 

0.7  0.8  0.9 

Feet. 

O.328  O.656  O.984  1. 312  I.64O 

1.968 

2.297  2.625  2.953 

6mith80nian  Tables. 


43 


Table  1  5 


MILES  INTO  KILOMETERS 

i  mile  =  1.609347  kilometers. 


Miles. 

0 

. 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

0 

O 

2 

3 

5 

6 

8 

IO 

II 

13 

14 

10 

16 

18 

19 

21 

23 

24 

26 

27 

29 

31 

20 

32 

34 

35 

37 

39 

40 

42 

43 

45 

47 

30 

48 

50 

5i 

53 

55 

56 

58 

60 

61 

63 

40 

64 

66 

68 

69 

7i 

72 

74 

76 

77 

79 

50 

80 

82 

84 

85 

87 

89 

90 

92 

93 

95 

60 

97 

98 

100 

IOI 

103 

105 

106 

108 

109 

in 

70 

113 

1 14 

116 

117 

119 

121 

122 

124 

126 

127 

80 

129 

130 

132 

134 

135 

137 

138 

140 

142 

143 

90 

145 

146 

148 

150 

151 

153 

154 

156 

158 

159 

100 

161 

163 

164 

166 

167 

169 

171 

172 

174 

175 

no 

177 

179 

180 

182 

183 

185 

187 

188 

190 

192 

120 

193 

195 

196 

198 

200 

201 

203 

204 

206 

208 

130 

209 

211 

212 

214 

216 

217 

219 

220 

222 

224 

140 

225 

227 

229 

230 

232 

233 

235 

237 

238 

240 

150 

241 

243 

245 

246 

248 

249 

251 

253 

254 

256 

160 

257 

259 

261 

262 

264 

266 

267 

269 

270 

272 

170 

274 

275 

277 

278 

280 

282 

283 

285 

286 

288 

180 

290 

291 

293 

295 

296 

298 

299 

301 

303 

304 

190 

306 

307 

309 

3ii 

312 

3i4 

3i5 

3i7 

3i9 

320 

200 

322 

323 

325 

327 

328 

330 

332 

333 

335 

336 

210 

338 

34o 

34i 

343 

344 

346 

348 

349 

35i 

352 

220 

354 

356 

357 

359 

360 

362 

364 

365 

367 

369 

230 

370 

372 

373 

375 

377 

378 

380 

381 

383 

385 

240 

386 

388 

389 

39i 

393 

394 

396 

398 

399 

401 

250 

402 

404 

406 

407 

409 

410 

412 

414 

415 

4i7 

260 

418 

420 

422 

423 

425 

426 

428 

430 

431 

433 

270 

435 

436 

438 

439 

441 

443 

444 

446 

447 

449 

280 

45i 

452 

454 

455 

457 

459 

460 

462 

463 

465 

290 

467 

468 

470 

472 

473 

475 

476 

478 

480 

481 

300 

483 

484 

486 

488 

489 

49 1 

492 

494 

496 

497 

310 

499 

501 

502 

504 

505 

507 

509 

5io 

512 

5i3 

320  ■ 

5i5 

5i7 

518 

520 

521 

523 

525 

526 

528 

529 

330 

53i 

533 

534 

536 

538 

539 

54i 

542 

544 

546 

340 

547 

549 

550 

552 

554 

555 

557 

558 

560 

562 

350 

563 

565 

566 

568 

570 

57i 

573 

575 

576 

578 

360 

579 

581 

583 

584 

586 

587 

589 

59i 

592 

594 

370 

595 

597 

599 

600 

602 

604 

605 

607 

608 

610 

380 

612 

613 

615 

616 

618 

620 

621 

623 

624 

626 

390 

628 

629 

631 

632 

634 

636 

637 

639 

641 

642 

400 

644 

645 

647 

649 

650 

652 

653 

655 

657 

658 

410 

660 

661 

663 

665 

666 

668 

669 

671 

673 

674 

420 

676 

678 

679 

681 

682 

684 

686 

687 

689 

690 

430 

692 

694 

695 

697 

698 

700 

702 

703 

705 

706 

440 

708 

710 

711 

713 

715 

716 

718 

719 

721 

723 

450 

724 

726 

727 

729 

731 

732 

734 

735 

737 

739 

460 

740 

742 

744 

745 

747 

748 

750 

752 

753 

755 

470 

756 

758 

760 

761 

763 

764 

766 

768 

769 

771 

480 

772 

774 

776 

778 

779 

781 

782 

784 

785 

787 

490 

789 

790 

792 

793 

795 

797 

798 

800 

801 

803 

500 

805 

806 

808 

809 

811 

813 

814 

816 

818 

819 

5io 

821 

822 

824 

826 

827 

829 

830 

832 

834 

835 

520 

837 

838 

840 

842 

843 

845 

847 

848 

850 

851 

530 

853 

855 

856 

858 

859 

861 

863 

864 

866 

867 

540 

869 

871 

872 

874 

875 

877 

879 

880 

882 

884 

550 

885  | 

1  887 

888 

890 

892 

893 

895 

896 

898 

900 

Smithsonian  T  ables. 


44 


Table  1  5 


MILES  INTO  KILOMETERS. 


Miles. 

0 

f 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

550 

885 

887 

888 

890 

892 

893 

895 

896 

898 

900 

560 

901 

9°3 

904 

906 

908 

9°9 

911 

912 

9 14 

916 

570 

917 

919 

921 

922 

924 

925 

927 

929 

930 

932 

580 

933 

935 

937 

938 

940 

941 

943 

945 

946 

948 

590 

950 

95i 

953 

954 

956 

958 

959 

961 

962 

964 

600 

966 

967 

969 

970 

972 

974 

975 

977 

978 

980 

610 

982 

983 

985 

987 

988 

990 

991 

993 

995 

996 

620 

998 

999 

1001 

1003 

IO04 

1006 

1007 

1009 

10 1 1 

IOI2 

630 

1014 

1015 

1017 

1019 

1020 

1022 

1024 

1025 

1027 

1028 

640 

1030 

1032 

1033 

1035 

IO36 

1038 

1040 

1041 

1043 

IO44 

650 

1046 

1048 

1049 

1051 

1053 

1054 

1056 

1057 

1059 

1061 

660 

1062 

1064 

1065 

1067 

I069 

1070 

1072 

1073 

1075 

IO77 

670 

1078 

1080 

1081 

1083 

I085 

1086 

1088 

1090 

1091 

IO93 

680 

1094 

1096 

1098 

io99 

IIOI 

1102 

1104 

1106 

1107 

IIO9 

690 

mo 

1112 

1114 

1115 

III7 

1118 

1120 

1122 

1123 

1125 

700 

1127 

1128 

1130 

1131 

1133 

ii35 

1136 

1138 

ii39 

II4I 

710 

ii43 

1144 

1146 

1147 

1149 

1151 

1152 

ii54 

1156 

H57 

720 

1159 

1160 

1162 

1164 

II65 

1167 

1168 

1170 

1172 

1173 

730 

ii75 

1176 

1178 

1180 

1181 

1183 

1184 

1186 

1188 

H89 

740 

1191 

1193 

1194 

1196 

1197 

1199 

1201 

1202 

1204 

1205 

750 

1207 

1209 

1210 

1212 

1213 

1215 

1217 

1218 

1220 

1221 

760 

1223 

1225 

1226 

1228 

1230 

1231 

1233 

1234 

1236 

I238 

770 

1239 

1241 

1242 

1244 

1246 

1247 

1249 

1250 

1252 

1254 

780 

1255 

1257 

1259 

1260 

1262 

1263 

1265 

1267 

1268 

1270 

790 

1271 

1273 

1275 

1276 

1278 

1279 

1281 

1283 

1284 

1286 

800 

1287 

1289 

1291 

1292 

1294 

1296 

1297 

1299 

1300 

1302 

810 

1304 

1305 

1307 

1308 

1310 

1312 

1313 

1315 

1316 

I318 

820 

1320 

1321 

1323 

1324 

1326 

1328 

1329 

1331 

1333 

1334 

830 

1336 

1337 

1339 

i34i 

1342 

1344 

1345 

1347 

1349 

1350 

840 

1352 

1353 

1355 

1357 

1358 

1360 

1362 

1363 

1365 

I366 

850 

1368 

1370 

I37i 

1373 

1374 

1376 

1378 

1379 

1381 

I382 

860 

1384 

1386 

1387 

1389 

1390 

1392 

1394 

1395 

1397 

1399 

870 

1400 

1402 

1403 

1405 

1407 

1408 

1410 

1411 

1413 

1415 

880 

1416 

1418 

1419 

1421 

1423 

1424 

1426 

1427 

1429 

1431 

890 

1432 

1434 

1436 

1437 

1439 

1440 

1442 

1444 

1445 

1447 

900 

1448 

1.450 

1452 

1453 

1455 

1456 

1458 

1460 

1461 

1463 

910 

1464 

1466 

1468 

1469 

1471 

1473 

1474 

1476 

1477 

1479 

920 

1481 

1482 

1484 

1485 

1487 

1489 

1490 

1492 

1493 

1495 

930 

1497 

1498 

1500 

1502 

1503 

1505 

1506 

1508 

1510 

I5II 

940 

1513 

1514 

I5x6 

1518 

1519 

1521 

1522 

1524 

15^ 

1527 

950 

1529 

1530 

1532 

1534 

1535 

1537 

1539 

1540 

1542 

1543 

960 

1545 

1547 

1548 

1550 

1551 

1553 

1555 

1556 

1558 

1559 

970 

1561 

1563 

1564 

1566 

1567 

1569 

i57i 

1572 

1574 

1576 

980 

1577 

1579 

1580 

1582 

1584 

1585 

1587 

1588 

1590 

1592 

990 

1593 

1595 

1596 

1598 

1600 

1601 

1603 

1605 

1606 

l6o8 

1000 

1609 

1611 

1613 

1614 

1616 

1617 

1619 

1621 

1622 

1624 

Miles. 

km. 

Miles. 

km. 

Miles. 

km. 

Miles. 

km. 

1000 

1609 

6000 

9656 

II 000 

17703 

16000 

25750 

2000 

3219 

7000 

11265 

12000 

I9312 

17000 

27359 

3000 

4828 

8000 

12875 

13000 

20922 

18000 

28968 

4000 

6437 

9000 

14484 

14000 

22531 

19000 

30578 

5000 

8047 

10000 

16093 

15000 

24140 

20000 

32187 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


45 


Table  1  6. 

KILOMETERS  INTO  MILES. 


i  kilometer  =  0.621370  mile. 


Kilo¬ 

meters. 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

Miles. 

Miles. 

Miles. 

Miles. 

Miles. 

Miles. 

Miles. 

Miles. 

Miles. 

Miles. 

0 

0.0 

0.6 

1.2 

1-9 

2-5 

3*1 

•  3-7 

4-3 

5-0 

5-6 

10 

6.2 

6.8 

7-5 

8.1 

8.7 

9-3 

9-9 

10.6 

II. 2 

11. 8 

20 

12.4 

13.0 

13-7 

14-3 

14.9 

15.5 

16.2 

16.8 

17.4 

18.0 

30 

18.6 

19.3 

19.9 

20.5 

21. 1 

21.7 

22.4 

23.0 

23.6 

24.2 

40 

24.9 

25.5 

26.1 

26.7 

27-3 

28.0 

28.6 

29.2 

29.8 

30.4 

50 

31-1 

3T*7 

32.3 

32.9 

33-6 

34.2 

34-8 

35-4 

36.0 

36.7 

60 

37-3 

37-9 

38.5 

39-1 

39-8 

40.4 

41.0 

41.6 

42.3 

42.9 

70 

43-5 

44.1 

44-7 

454 

46.0' 

46.6 

47-2 

47.8 

48.5 

49.1 

80 

49-7 

50.3 

51.0 

51.6 

52.2 

52.8 

53-4 

54-1 

54-7 

55-3 

90 

55-9 

56.5 

57-2 

57-8 

58.4 

59-0 

59-7 

60.3 

60.9 

61.5 

100 

62.1 

62.8 

634 

64.0 

64.6 

65.2 

65-9 

66.5 

67.I 

67.7 

no 

68.4 

69.0 

69.6 

70.2 

70.8 

71.5 

72.1 

72.7 

73-3 

73-9 

120 

74.6 

75.2 

75-8 

76.4 

77.0 

77-7 

78.3 

78.9 

79-5 

80.2 

130 

80.8 

81.4 

82.0 

82.6 

83-3 

83-9 

84-5 

85.1 

85.7 

86.4 

140 

87.0 

87.6 

88.2 

88.9 

89-5 

90.I 

90.7 

9i.3 

92.0 

92.6 

150 

93-2 

93-8 

94-4 

95-1 

95-7 

96.3 

96.9 

97-6 

98.2 

98.8 

160 

99-4 

100.0 

100.7 

101.3 

101.9 

102.5 

103. 1 

103.8 

104.4 

105.0 

170 

105.6 

106.3 

106.9 

107.5 

108. 1 

108.7 

109.4 

IIO.O 

110.6 

in. 2 

180 

in. 8 

112.5 

113.1 

II3-7 

II4-3 

115-0 

115.6 

116.2 

116.8 

117.4 

190 

118.1 

118.7 

II9-3 

119.9 

120.5 

I2I.2 

121.8 

122.4 

123.0 

123.7 

200 

124.3 

124.9 

125.5 

126.1 

126.8 

I27.4 

128.0 

128.6 

129.2 

129.9 

210 

130-5 

131.1 

I3I-7 

132.4 

i33.o 

133.6 

134.2 

134.8 

135.5 

136.1 

220 

136.7 

137.3 

137-9 

138.6 

139.2 

139.8 

140.4 

141.1 

I4I-7 

142.3 

230 

142.9 

143-5 

144.2 

144.8 

145-4 

I46.O 

146.6 

147.3 

147.9 

148.5 

240 

149. 1 

149.8 

150.4 

151-0 

151.6 

152.2 

152.9 

153.5 

I54-I 

154.7 

250 

155-3 

156.0 

156.6 

157.2 

157.8 

158.4 

I59.I 

159-7 

160.3 

160.9 

260 

161.6 

162.2 

162.8 

163.4 

164.0 

164.7 

165.3 

165.9 

166.5 

167.1 

270 

167.8 

168.4 

169.0 

169.6 

170.3 

I70.9 

I7I-5 

172.1 

172.7 

173-4 

280 

174.0 

174.6 

175-2 

175.8 

176.5 

177. 1 

177.7 

178.3 

179.0 

179.6 

290 

180.2 

180.8 

181.4 

182.1 

182.7 

183.3 

183.9 

184.5 

185.2 

185.8 

300 

186.4 

187.0 

187.7 

188.3 

188.9 

I89-5 

190. 1 

190.8 

I9I.4 

192.0 

310 

192.6 

193.2 

193.9 

194.5 

195. 1 

195.7 

196.4 

197.0 

197.6 

198.2 

320 

198.8 

199-5 

200.1 

200.7 

201.3 

201.9 

202.6 

203.2 

203.8 

204.4 

330 

205.1 

205.7 

206.3 

206.9 

207.5 

208.2 

208.8 

209.4 

210.0 

210.6 

340 

211.3 

211.9 

212.5 

213.1 

213.8 

214.4 

215.0 

215.6 

216.2 

216.9 

350 

217-5 

218.1 

218.7 

219.3 

220.0 

220.6 

221.2 

221.8 

222.5 

223.1 

360 

223.7 

224.3 

224.9 

225.6 

226.2 

226.8 

227.4 

228.0 

228.7 

229.3 

370 

229.9 

230.5 

231. 1 

231.8 

232.4 

233-0 

233.6 

234.3 

234-9 

235-5 

380 

236.1 

236.7 

237.4 

238.0 

238.6 

239.2 

239.8 

240.5 

241. 1 

241.7 

390 

242.3 

243.0 

243.6 

244.2 

244.8 

245.4 

246.1 

246.7 

247-3 

247.9 

400 

248.5 

249.2 

249.8 

250.4 

251.0 

251-7 

252.3 

252.9 

253-5 

254.1 

410 

254.8 

2554 

256.0 

256.6 

257.2 

257.9 

258.5 

259.1 

259-7 

260.4 

420 

261.0 

261.6 

262.2 

262.8 

263.5 

264.I 

264.7 

265.3 

265.9 

266.6 

430 

267.2 

267.8 

268.4 

269.1 

269.7 

270.3 

270.9 

271.5 

272.2 

272.8 

440 

273-4 

274.0 

274.6 

275.3 

275-9 

276.5 

277.1 

277.8 

278.4 

279.0 

450 

279.6 

280.2 

280.9 

281.5 

282.1 

282.7 

283.3 

284.0 

284.6 

285.2 

460 

285.8 

286.5 

287.1 

287.7 

288.3 

288.9 

289.6 

290.2 

290.8 

291.4 

470 

292.0 

292.7 

293-3 

293.9 

294.5 

295.2 

295.8 

296.4 

297.0 

297.6 

480 

298.3 

298.9 

299-5 

300.1 

300.7 

3OI.4 

302.0 

302.6 

303.2 

303-8 

490 

304.5 

305.1 

305.7 

306.3 

307.0 

307-6 

308.2 

308.8 

309-4 

310. 1 

500 

310.7 

3II.3 

3II-9 

312.5 

313.2 

313.8 

3144 

3i5.o 

315.7 

316.3 

5io 

316.9 

317.5 

318.1 

318.8 

3194 

320.0 

320.6 

321.2 

321.9 

322.5 

520 

323-1 

323.7 

324-4 

325-0 

325.6 

326.2 

326.8 

327.5 

328.1 

328.7 

530 

329-3 

329-9 

330.6 

331-2 

331-8 

332.4 

333.1 

333-7 

334-3 

334-9 

540 

335-5 

336.2 

336.8 

337.4 

338.0 

338.6 

339-3 

339-9 

340.5 

341- 1 

6mithsonian  Tables. 


46 


KILOMETERS  INTO  MILES 


Kilo¬ 

meters. 

0 

1  1  2 

1 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

Miles. 

Miles. 

Miles. 

Miles. 

Miles. 

Miles. 

Miles. 

Miles. 

Mile'. 

Miles. 

550 

341.8 

342-4 

343-0 

343.6 

344-2 

344-9 

345-5 

346.I 

346.7 

347-3 

560 

348.O 

348.6 

349-2 

349-8 

350.5 

351. 1 

351.7 

352.3 

352.9 

353-6 

570 

354-2 

354-8 

355.4 

356.0 

356.7 

357-3 

357-9 

358.5 

359.2 

359-8 

580 

360.4 

361.O 

361.6 

362.3 

362.9 

363.5 

364.1 

364.7 

365-4 

366.0 

590 

366.6 

367.2 

367-9 

368.5 

369.I 

369.7 

370.3 

371.O 

371.6 

372.2 

600 

372.8 

373-4 

374-1 

374-7 

375-3 

375-9 

376.6 

377-2 

377-8 

378.4 

610 

379-° 

379-7 

380.3 

380.9 

381.5 

382.1 

382.8 

3834 

384.0 

384.6 

620 

385-2 

385.9 

386.5 

387.1 

387.7 

388.4 

389.0 

389.6 

390.2 

390.8 

630 

391-5 

392.I 

392.7 

393-3 

393-9 

394-6 

395-2 

395-8 

396.4 

397-1 

640 

397-7 

398.3 

398.9 

399-5 

400.2 

400.8 

401.4 

402.0 

402.6 

403-3 

650 

403.9 

404-5 

405.1 

405.8 

406.4 

407.0 

407.6 

408.2 

408.9 

409.5 

660 

410. 1 

410.7 

4II-3 

412.0 

412.6 

413.2 

413.8 

414.5 

415. 1 

415.7 

670 

416.3 

416.9 

417.6 

418.2 

418.8 

419.4 

420.0 

420.7 

421.3 

421.9 

680 

422.5 

423.2 

423.8 

424.4 

425.0 

425.6 

426.3 

426.9 

427.5 

428.1 

690 

428.7 

429.4 

430.0 

430.6 

431.2 

431.9 

432.5 

433-1 

433-7 

434-3 

700 

435-o 

435-6 

436.2 

436.8 

437-4 

438.1 

438.7 

439-3 

439-9 

440.6 

710 

441.2 

441.8 

442.4 

443-0 

443-7 

444-3 

444-9 

445-5 

446.1 

446.8 

720 

447-4 

448.0 

448.6 

449-3 

449-9 

450.5 

451-1 

451-7 

452.4 

453-0 

730 

453-6 

454.2 

454. 8 

455-5 

456.1 

456.7 

457-3 

457-9 

458.6 

459-2 

740 

459-8 

460.4 

461.1 

461.7 

462.3 

462.9 

463.5 

464.2 

464.8 

465.4 

750 

466.0 

466.6 

467.3 

467.9 

468.5 

469.1 

469.8 

470.4 

471.0 

471.6 

760 

472-2 

472.9 

473-5 

474-1 

474.7 

475.3 

476.0 

476.6 

477-2 

477-8 

770 

478.5 

479.1 

479-7 

480.3 

480.9 

481.6 

482.2 

482.8 

483.4 

484.0 

780 

484.7 

485-3 

485-9 

486.5 

487.2 

487.8 

488.4 

489.0 

489.6 

490.3 

790 

490-9 

491-5 

492.1 

492.7 

493-4 

494-0 

494.6 

495-2 

495.9* 

496.5 

800 

497.1 

497.7 

498.3 

499.0 

499-6 

500.2 

500.8 

501.4 

502.1 

502.7 

810 

503-3 

503.9 

504.6 

505-2 

505.8 

506.4 

507.0 

507.7 

508.3 

508.9 

820 

509.5 

510. 1 

510.8 

5II.4 

512.0 

512.6 

513.3 

513.9 

5I4.5 

5I5-I 

830 

515-7 

516.4 

5i7.o 

517.6 

5t8.2 

518.8 

519.5 

520.1 

520.7 

521.3 

l  840 

522.0 

522.6 

523.2 

523.8 

524.4 

525.1 

525.7 

526.3 

526.9 

527.5 

850 

528.2 

528.8 

5294 

530.0 

530.6 

531-3 

531-9 

532.5 

533-1 

533.8 

860 

534-4 

535-0 

535-6 

536.2 

536.9 

537-5 

538.1 

538.7 

539-3 

54o.o 

870 

540-6 

541.2 

541.8 

542.5 

543-1 

543.7 

544-3 

544.9 

545-6 

546.2 

880 

546.8 

5474 

548.0 

548.7 

549-3 

549-9 

550.5 

551.2 

551.8 

552.4 

890 

553-0 

553.6 

554-3 

554-9 

555-5 

556.1 

556.7 

557-4 

558.0 

558.6 

900 

559-2 

559-9 

560.5 

561.1 

561.7 

562.3 

563-0 

563-6 

564.2 

564.8 

910 

565.4 

566.1 

566.7 

567.3 

567.9 

568.6 

569.2 

569.8 

570.4 

571-0 

92cr 

571-7 

572.3 

572.9 

573-5 

574-1 

574-8 

575-4 

576.0 

576.6 

577.3 

930 

577-9 

578.5 

579-1 

579-7 

580.4 

581.0 

581.6 

582.2 

582.8 

583.5 

940 

584.1 

584.7 

585.3 

586.0 

586.6 

587.2 

587.8 

588.4 

589.1 

589.7 

950 

590.3 

590.9 

591-5 

592.2 

592.8 

593-4 

594.o 

594.7 

595-3 

595-9 

960 

596.5 

597-1 

597-8 

598.4 

599-o 

599-6 

600.2 

600.9 

601.5 

602.1 

970 

602.7 

603.4 

604.0 

604.6 

605.2 

605.8 

606.5 

607.1 

607.7 

608.3 

980 

608.9 

609.6 

610.2 

610.8 

611.4 

612.0 

612.7 

613-3 

613.9 

614.5 

990 

615.2 

615.8 

616.4 

617.0 

617.6 

618.3 

618.9 

619.5 

620.1 

620.7 

1000 

621.4 

622.0 

622.6 

623.2 

623.9 

624.5 

625.1 

625.7 

626.3 

627.0 

km. 

Miles. 

km. 

Miles. 

km. 

Miles. 

km. 

Miles. 

1000 

621.4 

6000 

3728.2 

II 000 

6835. 1 

16000 

9941.9 

2000 

1242.7 

7000 

4349-6 

12000 

7456.4 

17000 

IO563.3 

3000 

1864.I 

8000 

4971.0 

13000 

8077.8 

18000 

II184.7 

4000 

2485.5 

9000 

5592-3 

14000 

8699.2 

19000 

I1806.O 

5000 

3106.8 

10000 

6213.7 

15000 

9320.5 

20000 

I2427.4 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


47 


Table  1  7 


INTERCONVERSION  OF  NAUTICAL  AND  STATUTE  MILES. 

i  nautical  mile*  =  6080.20  feet. 


Nautical  Miles. 

Statute  Miles. 

Statute  Miles. 

Nautical  Miles. 

, 

1.1516 

1 

0.8684 

2 

2.3031 

2 

1.7368 

3 

3-4547 

3 

2.6052 

4 

4.6062 

4 

3-4736 

5 

5.7578 

5 

4.3420 

6 

6.9093 

6 

5-2104 

7 

8.0609 

7 

6.0787 

8 

9.2124 

8 

6.9471 

9 

10.3640 

9 

7.8155 

*  As  defined  by  the  United  States  Coast  Survey. 


Table  18. 


CONTINENTAL  MEASURES  OF  LENGTH  WITH  THEIR  METRIC  AND 

ENGLISH  EQUIVALENTS. 

The  asterisk  (*)  indicates  that  the  measure  is  obsolete  or  seldom  used. 


Measure. 

Metric  Equivalent. 

English  Equivalent. 

El  (Netherlands) . 

Fathom,  Swedish  —  6  feet . 

Foot,  Austrian* . 

old  French* . 

Russian . 

Rheinlandisch  or  Rhenish  (Prussia*, 
Denmark,  Norway*). 

Swedish* . 

Spanish*  —  y£  vara . 

*Klafter,  Wiener  (Vienna) . 

*Eine,  old  French - —  foot . 

Mile,  Austrian  post*  —  24000  feet . 

German  sea . 

Swedish  —  36000  feet . 

Norwegian  =  36000  feet . 

Netherlands  (mijl) . 

Prussian  (law  of  1868) . 

Danish . 

Palm,  Netherlands . 

*Rode,  Danish . 

*Ruthe,  Prussian,  Norwegian . 

Sagene  (Russian) . 

*Toise,  old  French  —  6  feet . 

*Vara,  Spanish . *  .  .  . 

Mexican . 

Werst,  or  versta  (Russian)  =  500  sashjene  . 

1  meter. 

1.7814  “ 

0.31608  “ 

0.32484  “ 

0.30480  “ 

0.31385  “ 

0.2969  “ 

0.2786  “ 

1.89648  “ 

0.22558  cm. 
7.58594  km. 
1.852  “ 

10.69  “ 

11.2986  “ 

1 

7.500  “ 

7.5324  “ 

0.1  meter. 

3.7662  “ 

3.7662  “ 

2.1336  “ 

1.9490  “ 

0.8359  “ 

0.8380  “ 

1.0668  km. 

3.2808  feet. 

5- 8445  “ 

1.0370  “ 

1.0657  “ 

1 

1.0297  “ 

0.9741  “ 

0.9140  “ 

6.2221  “ 

0.0888  inch. 

4.714  statute  miles. 

1.1508  “  “ 

6.642 

7.02  “  “ 

0.6214  “  “ 

4.660  “  " 

4.6804  “ 

0.3281  feet. 

12.356  “ 

12.356  “ 

7 

6- 3943  “ 

2.7424  “ 

2.7493  “ 

3.500  “ 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


48 


CONVERSION  OF  MEASURES  OF  TIME  AND  ANGLE. 


Arc  into  time . Table  19 

Time  into  arc . Table  20 

Days  into  decimals  of  a  year  and  angle . Table  21 

Hours,  minutes  and  seconds  into  decimals  of  a  day  ....  Table  22 
Decimals  of  a  day  into  hours,  minutes  and  seconds  ....  Table  23 

Minutes  and  seconds  into  decimals  of  an  hour  . Table  24 

Local  mean  time  at  apparent  noon . Table  25 

Sidereal  time  into  mean  solar  time . Table  26 

Mean  solar  time  into  sidereal  time . Table  27 


Table  1  9 


ARC  INTO  TIME. 


0 

h.  m. 

O 

h.  m. 

0 

h.  m. 

O 

h  m. 

O 

h.  m.  J 

O 

h.  m.  | 

i ' 

m.  s. 

// 

s. 

0 

O  O 

60 

4  0 

120 

8  0 

180 

12  0 

240 

16  O 

300 

20  0  I 

0 

0  0 

0 

0.000 

I 

O  4 

61 

4  4 

121 

8  4 

181 

12  4 

241 

16  4 

301 

20  4 

1 

0  4 

1 

0.067 

2 

0  8 

62 

4  8 

122 

8  8 

182 

12  8 

242 

16  8 

302 

20  8 

2 

0  8 

2 

o-i33 

3 

0  12 

63 

4  12 

123 

8  12 

183 

12  12 

243 

l6  12 

303 

20  12  I 

3 

0  12 

3 

0.200  j 

4 

0  16 

64 

4  16 

124 

8  16 

1 84 

12  l6 

244 

16  16 

304 

20  16 

4 

0  16 

4 

0.267 

5 

0  20 

65 

4  20 

125 

8  20 

185 

12  20 

245 

l6  20 

305 

20  20  I 

5 

0  20 

5 

0-333 

6 

0  24 

66 

4  24 

126 

8  24 

186 

12  24 

246 

l6  24 

306 

20  24  | 

6 

0  24 

6 

0.400 

7 

0  28 

67 

4  28 

127 

8  28 

187 

12  28 

247 

16  28 

307 

20  2S 

7 

0  28 

7 

0.467 

8 

0  32 

68 

4  32 

128 

8  32 

188 

12  32 

248 

l6  32 

308 

20  32 

8 

032 

8 

0-533 

9 

0  36 

69 

4  36 

129 

836 

189 

12  36 

249 

l6  36 

309 

20  36  1 

!  9 

036 

9 

0.600 

10 

0  40 

70 

440 

130 

8  40 

190 

12  40 

250 

l6  40 

310 

20  40  j 

10 

0  40 

10 

0.667 

11 

044 

7i 

4  44 

I3I 

8  44 

191 

12  44 

251 

1644 

311 

20  44 

11 

044 

11 

o.733 

12 

0  48 

72 

4  48 

132 

848 

192 

12  48 

252 

l6  48 

312 

20  48 

12 

0  48 

12 

0.800 

13 

0  52 

73 

4  52 

133 

8  52 

193 

12  52 

253 

16  52 

3i3 

20  52 

13 

0  52 

13 

0.867 

14 

0  56 

74 

4  56 

134 

856 

194 

12  56 

254 

l6  56 

3i4 

20  56 

14 

0  56 

14 

0-933 

15 

1  0 

75 

5  0 

135 

9  0 

195 

13  O 

255 

17  O 

315 

21  0 

15 

1  0 

15 

1. 000 

16 

1  4 

76 

5  4 

136 

9  4 

196 

13  4 

256 

1 7  4 

316 

21  4 

16 

1  4 

16 

1.067 

17 

1  8 

77 

5  8 

137 

9  8 

197 

13  8 

257 

17  8 

3i7 

21  8 

17 

1  8 

17 

I-I33 

18 

1  12 

78 

5  12 

138 

9  12 

198 

13  12 

258 

17  12 

318 

21  12 

18 

1  12 

18 

1.200 

T9 

1  16 

79 

5  16 

139 

9  16 

199 

13  16 

259 

17  16 

3i9 

21  16 

19 

1  16 

19 

1.267 

20 

1  20 

80 

5  20 

140 

9  20 

200 

13  20 

260 

17  20 

320 

21  20 

I  20 

1  20 

20 

1-333 

21 

1  24 

ol 

5  24 

141 

9  24 

201 

13  24 

261 

17  24 

321 

21  24 

21 

1  24 

21 

1.400 

22 

1  28 

82 

528 

142 

9  28 

202 

13  28 

262 

17  28 

322 

21  28 

22 

1  28 

22 

1.467 

23 

1  32 

83 

5  32 

143 

9  32 

203 

13  32 

263 

17  32 

323 

21  32 

23 

1  32 

23 

1-533 

24 

1  36 

84 

5  38 

144 

9  36 

204 

13  36 

264 

17  36 

324 

21  36 

24 

1  36 

24 

1.600 

25 

1  40 

85 

5  40 

145 

940 

205 

13  40 

265 

17  40 

325 

21  40 

25 

1  40 

25 

1.667 

26 

1  44 

86 

5  44 

146 

9  44 

206 

13  44 

266 

17  44 

326 

21  44 

26 

1  44 

26 

T-733 

27 

1  48 

87 

5  48 

147 

9  48 

207 

13  48 

267 

17  48 

327 

21  48 

27 

1  48 

27 

1.800 

28 

1  52 

88 

5  52 

148 

9  52 

208 

13  52 

268 

17  52 

328 

21  52 

28 

1  52 

28 

1.867 

29 

1  56 

89 

5  56 

149 

9  56 

209 

13  56 

269 

17  56 

329 

21  56 

29 

1  56 

29 

1-933 

30 

2  0 

90 

6  0 

150 

10  0 

210 

14  0 

270 

18  0 

330 

22  0  j 

!  30 

2  0 

30 

2.000 

3i 

2  4 

91 

6  4 

151 

10  4 

211 

14  4 

271 

18  4 

33i 

22  4 

31 

2  4 

3i 

2.067 

32 

2  8 

92 

6  8 

152 

10  8 

212 

14  8 

272 

18  8 

332 

22  8 

32 

2  8 

32 

2-133 

33 

2  12 

93 

6  12 

153 

10  12 

213 

14  12 

273 

18  12 

333 

22  12 

33 

2  12 

33 

2.200 

34 

2  16 

94 

6  16 

154 

10  16 

214 

14  16 

274 

18  16 

334 

22  16 

34 

2  16 

34 

2.267 

35 

2  20 

95 

6  20 

155 

10  20 

215 

14  20 

275 

18  20 

335 

22  20 

35 

2  20 

35 

2-333 

36 

2  24 

96 

6  24 

156 

10  24 

216 

14  24 

276 

18  24 

336 

22  24 

36 

2  24 

36 

2.400 

37 

2  28 

97 

6  28 

157 

10  28 

217 

14  28 

277 

18  28 

337 

22  28 

37 

2  28 

37 

2.467 

38 

2  32 

98 

6  32 

158 

10  32 

218 

14  32 

278 

18  32 

338 

22  32 

38 

2  32 

38 

2-533 

39 

2  36 

99 

6  36 

159 

10  36 

219 

14  36 

279 

18  36 

339 

22  36 

39 

2  36 

39 

2.600 

40 

2  40 

100 

6  40 

160 

10  40 

220 

1440 

280 

18  40 

340 

22  40 

40 

2  40 

40 

2.667 

4i 

2  44 

IOI 

644 

161 

1044 

221 

14  44 

281 

18  44 

341 

22  44 

4i 

2  44 

4i 

2-733 

42 

2  48 

102 

648 

162 

10  48 

222 

14  48 

282 

18  48 

342 

22  48 

42 

2  48 

42 

2.800 

43 

2  52 

103 

652 

163 

10  52 

223 

14  52 

283 

18  52 

343 

22  52 

43 

2  52 

43 

2.867 

44 

2  56 

104 

656 

164 

10  56 

224 

14  56 

284 

18  56 

344 

22  56 

44 

256 

44 

2-933 

45 

3  0 

105 

7  0 

165 

11  0 

225 

15  0 

285 

19  0 

345 

23  0 

45 

3  0 

45 

3.000 

46 

3  4 

106 

7  4 

166 

11  4 

226 

15  4 

286 

19  4 

346 

23  4 

46 

3  4 

46 

3.067 

47 

3  8 

107 

7  8 

167 

11  8 

227 

15  8 

287 

19  8 

347 

23  8 

47 

3  8 

47 

3-133 

48 

3  12 

108 

7  12 

168 

11  12 

228 

15  12 

288 

19  12 

348 

23  12 

48 

3  12 

48 

3.200 

49 

3  16 

109 

7  16 

169 

11  16 

229 

15  16 

289 

19  16 

349 

23  16 

49 

3  16 

49 

3.267 

50 

3  20 

NO 

7  20 

170 

11  20 

"230 

15  20 

290 

19  20 

350 

23  20 

50 

3  20 

50 

3-333 

5i 

3  24 

hi 

7  24 

171 

11  24 

231 

15  24 

291 

19  24 

35i 

23  24 

5i 

3  24 

5i 

3-400 

52 

3  28 

112 

7  28 

172 

11  28 

232 

15  28 

292 

19  28 

352 

23  28 

52 

3  28 

52 

3-467 

53 

3  32 

113 

7  32 

173 

11  32 

233 

15  32 

293 

1932 

353 

23  32 

53 

3  32 

53 

3-533 

54 

3  36 

1 14 

7  36 

174 

11  36 

234 

15  36 

294 

19  36 

354 

23  36 

54 

3  36 

54 

3.600 

55 

3  40 

115 

7  40 

175 

11  40 

235 

15  40 

295 

1940 

355 

2340 

55 

3  40 

55 

3.667 

56 

3  44 

116 

7  44 

176 

11  44 

236 

15  44 

296 

1944 

356 

23  44 

56 

3  44 

56 

3-733 

57 

3  48 

117 

7  48 

177 

11  48 

237 

15  48 

297 

1948 

357 

23  48 

57 

3  48 

57 

3.800 

58 

3  52 

118 

7  52 

178 

11  52 

238 

15  52 

298 

19  52 

358 

23  52 

58 

3  52 

58 

3.867 

59 

3  56 

119 

7  56 

179 

11  56 

239 

15  56 

299 

19  56 

35? 

*  3  56 

59 

3  56 

59 

3-933 

60 

4  0 

120 

8  0 

180 

12  0 

240 

16  0 

300 

20  0 

360 

24  0 

60 

4  0 

60 

4.000 

SMITHSONIAN  TABLES. 


50 


Table:  20 


TIME  INTO  ARC. 


51 


Table  21 . 


DAYS  INTO  DECIMALS  OF  A  YEAR  AND  ANGLE. 


Day 

of 

Year. 

Decimal 

of 

a  Year. 

Angle. 

Day  of 

Month. 

Day 

of 

Year. 

Decimal 

of 

a  Year. 

Angle. 

Day 

of 

Month. 

Common 

Year. 

Bissextile 

Year. 

Common 

Year. 

Bissextile 

Year. 

, 

0.00000 

o° 

o' 

Jan.  1 

Jan.  1 

51 

0.13689 

49 

17  7 

Feb. 

20 

Feb.  20 

2 

.00274 

0 

59 

2 

2 

52 

.13963 

50 

16 

21 

21 

3 

.00548 

1 

58 

3 

3 

53 

.14237 

5i 

15 

22 

22 

4 

.00821 

2 

57 

4 

4 

54 

.14511 

52 

14 

23 

23 

5 

0.01095 

3 

57 

5 

5 

55 

0. 14784 

53 

13 

24 

24 

6 

.01369 

4 

56 

6 

6 

56 

.15058 

54 

13 

25 

25 

7 

.01643 

5 

55 

7 

7 

57 

•15332 

55 

12 

26 

26 

8 

.01916 

6 

54 

8 

8 

58 

.15606 

56 

11 

27 

27 

9 

.02190 

7 

53 

9 

9 

59 

.15880 

57 

10 

28 

28 

10 

0.02464 

8 

52 

10 

10 

60 

0.16153 

58 

9 

Mar. 

1 

29 

11 

.02738 

9 

5i 

11 

11 

61 

.16427 

59 

8 

2 

Mar.  1 

12 

.03011 

10 

5i 

12 

12 

62 

.16701 

60 

7 

3 

2 

13 

.03285 

11 

50 

13 

13 

63 

.16975 

61 

7 

4 

3 

14 

.03559 

12 

49 

14 

14 

64 

.17248 

62 

6 

5 

4 

15 

0.03833 

13 

48 

15 

15 

65 

0.17522 

63 

5 

6 

5 

16 

.04107 

14 

47 

16 

16 

66 

.17796 

64 

4 

7 

6 

17 

.04381 

15 

46 

17 

17 

67 

.18070 

65 

3 

8 

7 

18 

.04654 

16 

45 

18 

18 

68 

.18344 

66 

2 

9 

8 

19 

.04928 

17 

44 

19 

19 

69 

.18617 

67 

1 

10 

9 

20 

0.05202 

18 

44 

20 

20 

70 

0.18891 

68 

0 

11 

10 

21 

.05476 

19 

43 

21 

21 

7i 

•i9i65 

69 

0 

12 

11 

22 

•05749 

20 

42 

22 

22 

72 

•19439 

69 

59 

13 

12 

23 

.06023 

21 

4i 

23 

23 

73 

.19713 

70 

58 

14 

13 

24 

.06297 

22 

40 

24 

24 

74 

.19986 

7i 

57 

15 

14 

25 

0.06571 

23 

39 

25 

25 

!  75 

0.20260 

72 

56 

16 

15 

26 

.06845 

24 

38 

26 

26 

76 

.20534 

73 

55 

17 

16 

27 

.07118 

25 

38 

27 

27 

77 

.20808 

74 

54 

18 

1 7 

28 

.07392 

26 

37 

28 

28 

78 

.21081 

75 

54 

19 

18 

29 

.07666 

27 

36 

29 

29 

79 

•21355 

76 

53 

20 

19 

30 

0.07940 

28 

35 

30 

30 

80 

0.21629 

4  * 

52 

21 

20 

31 

.08214 

29 

34 

^  ,  3i 

3i 

81 

.21903 

7# 

5J 

22 

21 

32 

.08487 

30 

33 

Feb.  1 

Feb.  1 

82 

.22177 

79 

50 

23 

22 

33 

.08761 

3i 

32 

2 

2 

83 

.22450 

80 

49 

24 

23 

34 

•09035 

32 

32 

3 

3 

84 

.22724 

81 

48 

25 

24 

35 

009309 

33 

3i 

4 

4 

85 

0.22998 

82 

48 

26 

25 

36 

.09582 

34 

30 

5 

5 

86 

.23272 

83 

47 

27 

26 

37 

.09856 

35 

29 

6 

6 

87 

.23546 

84 

46 

28 

27 

38 

.10130 

36 

28 

7 

7 

88 

.23819 

85 

45 

29 

28 

39 

.10404 

37 

27 

8 

8 

89 

.24093 

86 

44 

30 

29 

40 

0. 10678 

38 

26 

9 

9 

90 

0.24367 

87 

43 

3i 

30 

4i 

.10951 

39 

26 

10 

10 

91 

.24641 

88 

42 

Apr. 

1 

3i 

42 

.11225 

40 

25 

11 

11 

92 

.24914 

89 

42 

2 

1 

43 

.11499 

4i 

24 

12 

12 

93 

.25188 

90 

41 

3 

2 

44 

•II773 

42 

23 

13 

13 

'  94 

.25462 

9i 

40 

4 

3 

45 

0.12047 

43 

22 

14 

14 

95 

0.25736 

92 

39 

5 

4 

46 

.  12320 

44 

21 

15 

15 

96 

.26010 

93 

38 

6 

5 

47 

.12594 

45 

20 

•  16 

16 

97 

.26283 

94 

37 

7 

6 

48 

.12868 

46 

19 

17 

17 

98 

.26557 

95 

36 

8 

7 

49 

.I3H2 

47 

19 

18 

18 

99 

.26831 

96 

35 

9 

8 

50 

O.I34I5 

00  I 

- 

18 

19 

19 

100 

0.27105 

97 

35 

10 

9 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


52 


DAYS  INTO  DECIMALS  OF  A  YEAR  AND  ANGLE 


Day 

of 

Year. 

Decimal 

of 

a  Year. 

Angle. 

Day  of  Month. 

Day 

of 

Year. 

Decimal 

of 

a  Year. 

Angle. 

Day  of  Month. 

Common 

Year. 

Bissextile 

Year. 

Common 

Year. 

B  ssextile 

Year. 

101 

0.27379 

98°  34' 

Apr.  11 

Apr.  10 

151 

0.41068 

147° 5i' 

May  31 

May  30 

102 

.27652 

99  33 

12 

11 

152 

.41342 

148  50 

June  1 

r  31 

103 

.27926 

100  32 

13 

12 

153 

.41615 

149  49 

2 

June  1 

104 

.28200 

101  31 

14 

13 

154 

.41889 

150  48 

3 

2 

105 

0.28474 

102  30 

15 

14 

155 

0.42163 

151  47 

4 

3 

106 

.28747 

103  29 

16 

15 

156 

42437 

152  46 

5 

4 

107 

.29021 

104  29 

17 

16 

157 

.42710 

153  45 

6 

5 

108 

.29295 

105  28 

18 

17 

158 

.42984 

154  45 

•  7 

6 

109 

.29569 

106  27 

19 

18 

159 

•43258 

155  44 

8 

7 

1  10 

0.29843 

107  26 

20 

19 

160 

0.43532 

156  43 

9 

8 

hi 

.30116 

108  25 

21 

20 

161 

.43806 

157  42 

10 

9 

112 

.30390 

109  24 

22 

21 

162 

.44079 

158  41 

11 

10 

113 

.30664 

no  23 

23 

22 

163 

•44353 

159  40 

12 

11 

114 

•30938 

III  23 

24 

23 

164 

.44627 

160  39 

13 

12 

115 

0.31211 

1 12  22 

25 

24 

165 

0.44901 

161  39 

14 

13 

116 

•31485 

113  21 

26 

25 

166 

.45175 

162  38 

15 

14 

117 

•31759 

1 14  20 

27 

26 

167 

.45448 

163  37 

16 

15 

118 

.32033 

115  19 

28 

27 

168 

.45722 

164  36 

17 

16 

119 

.32307 

Il6  l8 

29 

28 

169 

.45996 

165  35 

18 

17 

120 

0.32580 

117  17 

30 

29 

170 

0.46270 

166  34 

19 

18 

121 

.32854 

Il8  17 

May  1 

30 

1 7T 

.46543 

167  33 

20 

19 

122 

•33I28 

119  l6 

2 

May  1 

172 

.46817 

168  33 

21 

20 

123 

.33402 

120  15 

3 

2 

173 

.47091 

169  32 

22 

21 

124 

.33676 

121  14 

4 

3 

174 

.47365 

170  31 

23 

22 

125 

0-33949 

122  13 

5 

4 

175 

0.47639 

171  30 

24 

23 

126 

•34223 

123  12 

6 

5  I 

176 

.47912 

172  29 

25 

24 

127 

•34497 

124  II 

7 

6 

177 

.48186 

173  28 

26 

25 

128 

34771 

125  IO 

8 

7 

178 

.48460 

174  27 

27 

26 

129 

.35044 

126  IO 

9 

8 

179 

•48734 

175  26 

28 

27 

130 

0.35318 

127  9 

10 

9 

180 

0.49008 

176  26 

29 

28 

131 

.35592 

128  8 

11 

10 

181 

.49281 

177  25 

30 

29 

132 

.35866 

129  7 

12 

11 

182 

•49555 

178  24 

July  1 

r  ,  30 

133 

.36140 

130  6 

13 

12 

183 

.49829 

179  23 

2 

July  1 

134 

•36413 

131  5 

14 

'I3 

184 

.50103 

180  22 

3 

2 

135 

0.36687 

132  4 

15 

14 

185 

0.50376 

181  21 

4 

3 

136 

.36961 

133  4 

16 

15 

186 

.50650 

182  20 

5 

4 

137 

•37235 

134  3 

17 

16 

187 

.50924 

183  20 

6 

5 

138 

.37509 

135  2 

18 

17 

188 

.51198 

184  19 

7 

6 

139 

.37782 

136  1 

19 

18 

189 

•51472 

185  18 

8 

7 

140 

0.38056 

137  0 

20 

19 

190 

0.51745 

186  17 

9 

8 

141 

•38330 

137  59 

21 

20 

191 

.52019 

187  16 

10 

9 

142 

.38604 

138  58 

22 

21 

192 

.52293 

188  15 

11 

10 

143 

.38877 

139  58 

23 

22 

193 

.52567 

189  14 

12 

11 

144 

.39i5i 

140  57 

24 

23 

194 

.52841 

190  14 

13 

12 

145 

0.39425 

141  56 

25 

24 

195 

0.53114 

191  13 

14 

13 

146 

•39699 

142  55 

26 

25 

196 

.53388 

192  12 

15 

14 

147 

•39973 

143  54 

27 

26 

197 

.53662 

193  11 

16 

15 

148 

.40246 

144  53 

28 

27 

198 

.53936 

194  10 

17 

16 

149 

.40520 

145  52 

29 

28 

199 

.54209 

195  9 

18 

17 

150 

0.40794 

146  51 

30 

29 

200 

0.54483 

196  8 

19 

18 

Smithsonian  Tables 


53 


DAYS  INTO  DECIMALS  OF  A  YEAR  AND  ANGLE, 


Day 

of 

Year. 

Decimal 

of 

a  Year. 

Angle. 

Day  of  Month. 

Day 

of 

tear. 

Decimal 

of 

a  Year. 

Angle. 

Day  of 

[ 

Month. 

Common 

Year. 

Bissextile 

Year. 

Common 

Year. 

Bissextile 

Year. 

201 

0.54757 

197°  S/ 

July  20 

July  19 

251 

0.68446 

246°  24' 

Sept.  8 

Sept.  7 

202 

•55031 

198  7 

21 

20 

252 

.68720 

247  24 

9 

8 

203 

•55305 

199  6 

22 

21 

253 

.68994 

248  23 

10 

9 

204 

•55578 

200  5 

23 

22 

254 

.69268 

249  22 

11 

10 

205 

0.55852 

201  4 

24 

23 

255 

0.69541 

250  21 

12 

11 

206 

.56126 

202  3 

25 

24 

256 

.69815 

251  20 

13 

12 

207 

.56400 

203  2 

26 

25 

257 

.70089 

252  19 

14 

13 

208 

.56674 

204  1 

27 

26 

258 

.70363 

253  18 

15 

14 

209 

.56947 

205  1 

28 

27 

259 

.70637 

254  17 

16 

15 

210 

0.57221 

206  0 

29 

28 

260 

0.70910 

255  17 

17 

16 

211 

•57495 

206  59 

30 

29 

261 

.71184 

256  l6 

18 

17 

212 

.57769 

207  58 

31 

30 

262 

.71458 

257  15 

19 

18 

213 

.58042 

208  57 

Aug.  1 

„  3i 

263 

.71732 

258  14 

20 

19 

214 

.58316 

209  56 

2 

Aug.  1 

264 

.72005 

259  13 

21 

20 

215 

0.58590 

210  55 

3 

2 

265 

0.72279 

260  12 

22 

21 

216 

.58864 

211  55 

4 

3 

266 

.72553 

26l  II 

23 

22 

217 

.59138 

212  54 

5 

4 

267 

.72827 

262  II 

24 

23 

218 

•594II 

213  53 

6 

5 

268 

.73101 

263  IO 

25 

24 

219 

.59685 

214  52 

7 

6 

269 

•73374 

264  9 

26 

25 

220 

0-59959 

215  5i 

8 

7 

270 

0.73648 

265  8 

27 

26 

221 

.60233 

216  50 

9 

8 

271 

.73922 

266  7 

28 

27 

222 

.60507 

217  49 

10 

9 

272 

.74196 

267  6 

29 

28 

223 

.60780 

218  49 

11 

10 

273 

•74470 

268  5 

^  30 

29 

224 

.61054 

219  48 

12 

11 

274 

•74743 

269  5 

Oct.  1 

30 

225 

0.61328 

220  47 

13 

12 

275 

0.75017 

270  4 

2 

Oct.  1 

226 

.61602 

221  46 

14 

13 

276 

•75291 

271  3 

3 

2 

227 

.61875 

222  45 

15 

14 

277 

.75565 

272  2 

4 

3 

228 

.62149 

223  44 

16 

15 

278 

.75838 

273  1 

5 

4 

229 

.62423 

224  43 

17 

16 

279 

.76112 

274  0 

6 

5 

230 

0.62697 

225  43 

18 

17 

280 

0.76386 

274  59 

7 

6 

231 

.62971 

226  42 

19 

18 

281 

.76660 

275  59 

8 

7 

232 

.63244 

227  41 

20 

19 

282 

.76934 

276  58 

‘  9 

8 

233 

.63518 

228  40 

21 

20 

283 

.77207 

2 77  57 

10 

9 

234 

.63792 

229  39 

22 

21 

284 

.77481 

278  56 

11 

10 

235 

0.64066 

230  38 

23 

22 

285 

0-77755 

279  55 

12 

11 

236 

.64339 

231  37 

24 

23 

286 

.78029 

280  54 

13 

12 

237 

.64613 

232  36 

25 

24 

287 

.78303 

281  53 

14 

13 

23S 

.64887 

233  36 

26 

25 

288 

.78576 

282  52 

15 

14 

239 

.65161 

234  35 

27 

26 

289 

.78850 

283  52 

16 

15 

240 

0.65435 

235  34 

28 

27 

290 

0.79124 

284  51 

17 

16 

241 

.65708 

236  33 

29 

28 

291 

.79398 

285  50 

18 

17 

242 

.65982 

237  32 

30 

29 

292 

.79671 

286  49 

19 

18 

243 

.66256 

238  31 

3i 

30 

293 

•79945 

287  48 

20 

19 

244 

.66530 

239  30 

Sept.  1 

3i 

294 

.80219 

288  47 

21 

20 

245 

0. 66804 

240  3° 

2 

Sept.  1 

295 

0.80493 

289  46 

22 

21 

246 

.67077 

241  29 

3 

2 

296 

.80767 

290  46 

23 

22 

247 

.67351 

242  28 

4 

3 

297 

.81040 

291  45 

24 

23 

248 

.67625 

243  27 

5 

4 

298 

.81314 

292  44 

25 

24 

249 

.67899 

244  26 

6 

5 

299 

.81588 

293  43 

26 

25 

250 

0.68172 

245  25 

7 

6 

300 

0.81862 

294  42 

27 

26 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


54 


DAYS  INTO  DECIMALS  OF  A  YEAR  AND  ANGLE, 


Day  of 

Month. 

Day  of 

Month. 

Day 

Decimal 

Angle. 

Day 

Decimal 

of 

of 

1  of 

of 

Angle. 

Year. 

a  Year. 

Common 

Bissextile 

Year. 

a  Year. 

Common 

Bissextile 

Year 

Year. 

Year. 

Year. 

301 

0.82136 

295°4i/ 

Od.  28 

Oct.  27 

351 

0.95825 

344°58/ 

Dec.  17 

Dec.  16 

302 

.82409 

296  40 

29 

28 

352 

.96099 

345  57 

18 

17 

303 

.82683 

297  40 

30 

29 

353 

.96372 

346  56 

*9 

18 

304 

•82957 

298  39 

3* 

30 

354 

.96646 

347  56 

20 

*9 

305 

0.83231 

299  38 

Nov.  1 

3* 

355 

0.96920 

348  55 

21 

20 

3°6 

•83504 

300  37 

2 

Nov.  1 

356 

.97194 

349  54 

22 

21 

307 

•83778 

301  36 

3 

2 

357 

.97467 

350  53 

23 

22 

308 

.84052 

302  35 

4 

3 

358 

.97741 

35i  52 

24 

23 

309 

.84326 

303  34 

5 

4 

359 

.98015 

352  5* 

25 

24 

310 

0.84600 

304  34 

6 

5 

360 

0.98289 

353  50 

26 

25 

3** 

•84873 

305  33 

7 

6 

361 

.98563 

354  50 

27 

26 

312 

•85147 

306  32 

8 

7 

362 

.98836 

355  49 

28 

27 

313 

.85421 

307  3i 

9 

8 

1  363 

.99110 

356  48 

29 

28 

3i4 

•85695 

308  30 

10 

9 

1  364 

.99384 

357  47 

30 

29 

315 

0.85969 

309  29 

11 

10 

365 

0.99658 

358  46 

3* 

30 

316 

.86242 

310  28 

12 

11 

1  366 

.99932 

359  45 

3i 

3i7 

.86516  . 

311  27 

13 

12 

318 

.86790 

312  27 

14 

*3 

319 

.87064 

313  26 

*5 

14 

Conversion  for  Hours. 

Cor, version  for  Minutes. 

320 

0.87337 

3i4  25 

16 

*5 

Dec.  of 
Year. 

321 

322 

.87611 

.87885 

3*5  24 
3*6  23 

17 

18 

16 

17 

Hrs. 

Angle. 

Min. 

Dec.  of 
Year. 

Angle. 

323 

.88159 

317  22 

*9 

18 

324 

•88433 

3*8  21 

20 

*9 

I 

0.0001 1 

2-5 

1 

0.00000 

0.04 

325 

0.88706 

3*9  21 

21 

20 

2 

23 

4-9 

2 

0 

.08 

326 

.88980 

320  20 

22 

21 

3 

34 

7-4 

3 

1 

.12 

327 

•89254 

321  19 

23 

22 

4 

46 

9-9 

4 

1 

.16 

328 

.89528 

322  18 

24 

23 

0.00057 

68 

329 

.89802 

323  *7 

25 

24 

5 

6 

12.3 

14.8 

5 

6 

0.0000 1 

1 

0.21 

•25 

330 

0.90075 

324  *6 

26 

25 

7 

80 

17.2 

7 

1 

•29 

33i 

.90349 

325  *5 

27 

26 

8 

9* 

19.7 

8 

2 

•33 

332 

.90623 

326  15 

28 

27 

9 

103 

22.2 

9 

2 

•37 

333 

.90897 

327  *4 

29 

28 

10 

24.6 

334 

.91170 

328  13 

30 

29 

0.001 14 

10 

0.00002 

0.41 

- 

Dec.  1 

11 

126 

27.1 

20 

4 

.82 

335 

0.91444 

329  12 

30 

12 

137 

29.6 

3° 

6 

1.23 

336 

.91718 

330  11 

2 

Dec .  1 

*3 

148 

32.0 

40 

8 

1.64 

337 

.91992 

331  10 

3 

2 

14 

160 

34-5 

50 

10 

2.05 

338 

.92266 

332  9 

4 

3 

339 

•92539 

333  9 

5 

4 

15 

0.00171 

37-o 

60 

0. 0001 1 

2.46 

340 

0.92813 

334  8 

6 

5 

16 

183 

39-4 

17 

194 

205 

217 

41.9 

44-4 

46.8 

34i 

.93087 

335  7 

7 

6 

18 

342 

•93361 

336  6 

8 

7 

*9 

343 

.93634 

337  5 

9 

8 

344 

.93908 

338  4 

10 

9 

20 

0.00228 

49-3 

345 

0.94182 

339  3 

11 

10 

21 

240 

5i.7 

346 

347 

.94456 

.94730 

340  2 

341  2 

12 

*3 

11 

12 

22 

23 

251 

262 

54-2 

56.7 

348 

349 

•95003 

•95277 

342  1 

343  0 

14 

15 

13 

14 

24 

274 

59-* 

350 

0.95551 

343  59 

16 

15 

SMITH80NIAN  TABLES 


55 


Table  22. 

HOURS,  MINUTES  AND  SECONDS  INTO  DECIMALS  OF  A  DAY. 


Hours. 

Day. 

Min. 

Day. 

Min. 

Day. 

Sec. 

Day. 

Sec. 

Day. 

, 

0.041  667 

1 

0.000  694 

31 

0.021  528 

1 

0.000012 

31 

0.000  359 

2 

•083  333 

2 

.001  389 

32 

.022  222 

2 

.000  023 

32 

.000  370 

3 

.125  000 

3 

.002  083 

33 

.022  917 

3 

.000035 

33 

.000  382 

4 

.166  667 

4 

.002  778 

34 

.023  61 1 

4 

.000  046 

34 

.000  394 

5 

0.208  333 

5 

0.003  472 

35 

0.024  305 

5 

0.000  058 

35 

0.000  405 

6 

.250  000 

6 

.004  167 

36 

.025  000 

6 

.000  069 

36 

.000417 

7 

.291  667 

7 

.004  861 

37 

.025  694 

7 

.000  081 

37 

.000  428 

8 

•333  333 

8 

.005  556 

38 

.026  389 

8 

.000  093 

38 

.000  440 

9 

.375  000 

9 

.006  250 

39 

.027  083 

9 

.000  104 

39 

.000451 

10 

0.416  667 

10 

0.006  944 

40 

0.027  778 

10 

0.000  1 16 

40 

0.000  463 

11 

458  333 

11 

.007  639 

4i 

.028  472 

11 

.000  127 

4i 

.000  475 

12 

.500  000 

12 

.008  333 

42 

.029  167 

12 

.000  139 

42 

.000  486 

13 

.541  667 

13 

.009  028 

43 

.029  861 

13 

.000  150 

43 

.000  498 

14 

•583  333 

14 

.009  722 

44 

.030  556 

14 

.OOO  162 

44 

.000  509 

13 

0.625  000 

15 

0.010417 

45 

O.031  250 

15 

0.000  174 

45 

0.000  521 

16 

.666  667 

16 

.Oil  III 

46 

.031  944 

16 

.000  185 

46 

.000  532 

17 

•7o8  333 

1 7 

.011  806 

47 

.032  639 

1 7 

.000  197 

47 

.000544 

18 

.750  000 

18 

.012  500 

48 

•°33  333 

18 

.000  208 

48 

.000  556 

19 

.791  667 

19 

.013  194 

49 

.034  028 

19 

.OOO  220 

49 

.000  567 

20 

0.833  333 

20 

0.013  889 

50 

0.034  722 

20 

0.000  231 

50 

0.000  579 

21 

.875  000 

21 

.014  583 

5i 

.035  417 

21 

.OOO  243 

5i 

.000  590 

22 

.916  667 

22 

.015  278 

52 

.036  hi 

22 

.OOO  255 

52 

.000  602 

23 

.958  333  I 

23 

.015  972 

53 

.036  806 

23 

.OOO  266 

53 

.000  613 

24 

1. 000  000 

24 

.016  667 

54 

.037  500 

24 

.OOO  278 

54 

.000  625 

25 

0.017  361 

55 

0.038  194 

25 

0.000  289 

55 

0.000  637 

26 

.018  056 

56 

.038  889 

26 

.000  301 

56 

.000  648 

27 

.018  750 

57 

.039  583 

27 

.000  313 

57 

.000  660 

28 

.019  444 

58 

.040  278 

28 

.000  324 

58 

.000  671 

29 

.020  139 

59 

.040  972 

29 

.000  336 

59 

.000  683 

30 

0.020  833 

60 

0.041  667 

|  30 

0.000  347 

60 

■.000694 

Table  23. 


DECIMALS  OF  A  DAY  INTO  HOURS,  MINUTES  AND  SECONDS. 


Hundredths  of  a  Day. 

Ten  Thousandths  of  a  Day. 

Millionths  of  a  Day. 

d. 

h. 

m. 

s. 

d. 

min. 

.  sec. 

d. 

sec. 

0.01 

14 

24 

0.0001 

8.64 

0.000001 

0.09 

.02 

28 

48 

2 

17.28 

2 

0.17 

.03 

43 

12 

3 

25.92 

3 

0.26 

.04 

57 

36 

4 

34.56 

4 

o-35 

0.05 

I 

12 

0 

0.0005 

43.20 

0.000005 

0.43 

.06 

I 

26 

24 

6 

51.84 

6 

0.52 

.07 

I 

40 

48 

7 

I 

0.48 

7 

0.60 

.08 

I 

55 

12 

8 

I 

9.12 

8 

0.69 

.09 

2 

9 

36 

9 

I 

17.76 

9 

0.78 

0.10 

2 

24 

0 

0.0010 

I 

26.40 

0.000010 

0.86 

.20 

4 

48 

0 

20 

2 

52.80 

20 

i-73 

.30 

7 

12 

0 

30 

4 

19.20 

30 

2-59 

.40 

9 

36 

0 

40 

5 

45- 60 

40 

3-46 

0.50 

12 

0 

0 

0.0050 

7 

12.00 

0.000050 

4-32 

.60 

14 

24 

0 

60 

8 

38.40 

60 

5.18 

.70 

16 

48 

0 

70 

10 

4.80 

70 

6.05 

1  .80 

19 

12 

0 

80 

11 

31.20 

80 

6.91 

.90 

21 

36 

0 

90 

12 

57.60 

90 

7.78 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

56 


Table  24. 

MINUTES  AND  SECONDS  INTO  DECIMALS  OF  AN  HOUR. 


Min. 

Decima's  of 
an  hour. 

Min. 

Decimals  of 
an  huur. 

Sec. 

Decimals  of 
an  hour. 

Sec. 

Decimals  of 
an  hour. 

1 

0.016  667 

31 

0.516  667 

1 

0.000  278 

31 

0.008  61 1 

2 

•033  333 

32 

•533  333 

2 

.000  556 

32 

.008  889 

3 

.050  000 

33 

.550  000 

3 

•ooo  833 

33 

.009  167 

4 

.066  667 

34 

.566  667 

4 

.OOI  III 

34 

.009  444 

5 

0.083  333 

35 

0.583  333 

5 

O.OOI  389 

35 

0.009  722 

6 

.100  000 

36 

.600  000 

6 

.OOI  667 

36 

.010  000 

7 

.116667 

37 

.616667 

7 

.001  944 

37 

.OIO  278 

8 

•133  333 

38 

.633  333 

8 

.002  222 

38 

•Oio  556 

9 

.150  000 

39 

.650  000 

9 

.002  500 

39 

.010  833 

10 

0.166  667 

40 

0.666  667 

10 

0.002  778 

40 

O.OII  III 

ii 

•183  333 

4i 

•683  333 

11 

.003  056 

4i 

.011389 

12 

.200  000 

42 

.700  000 

12 

•003  333 

42 

.Oil  667 

13 

.216  667 

43 

.716  667 

13 

.003  61 1 

43 

.011  944 

14 

•233  333 

44 

•733  333 

14 

.003  889 

44 

.012  222 

15 

0.250  000 

45 

0.750  000 

15 

0.004  167 

45 

0.012  500 

16 

.266  667 

46 

.766  667 

16 

.004  444 

46 

.012  778 

17 

•283  333 

47 

•783  333 

17 

.004  722 

47 

.013  056 

18 

.300  000 

48 

.800  000 

18 

.005000 

48 

•013  333 

19 

.316  667 

49 

.816  667 

19 

.005  278 

49 

.013  61 1 

20 

o.333  333 

50 

0.833  333 

20 

0.005  556 

50 

0.013  889 

21 

.350000 

5i 

.850  000 

21 

.005  833 

5i 

.014  167 

22 

.366  667 

52 

.866  667 

22 

.006  hi 

52 

.014  444 

23 

.383  333 

53 

•883  333 

23 

.006  389 

53 

.014  722 

24 

.400  000 

54 

.900  000 

24 

.006  667 

54 

.015  000 

25 

0.416  667 

55 

0.916  667 

25 

0.006  944 

55 

0.015  278 

26 

•433  333 

56 

•933  333 

26 

.007  222 

56 

.015  556 

27 

.450  000 

57 

.950  000 

27 

.007  500 

57 

•015  833 

28 

.466  667 

58 

.966  667 

28 

.007  778 

58 

.016  hi 

29 

•483  333 

59 

•983  333 

29 

.008  056 

59 

.016  389 

30 

0.500  000 

60 

1. 000  000 

30 

0.008  333 

60 

0.016  667 

Table  25. 

LOCAL  MEAN  TIME  AT  APPARENT  NOON. 


Day  of 
Month. 

JAN. 

FEB. 

MAR. 

APR. 

MAY. 

JUNE. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

I 

12 

4 

12 

14 

12 

12 

12 

4 

II 

57 

II 

58 

8 

12 

7 

12 

14 

12 

II 

12 

2 

II 

56 

II 

59 

16 

12 

10 

12 

14 

12 

9 

12 

0 

II 

56 

12 

0 

24 

12 

12 

12 

13 

12 

6 

II 

58 

II 

57 

12 

2 

JUEY. 

AUG. 

SEPT. 

OCT. 

NOV. 

d: 

1C. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

1 

12 

4 

12 

6 

12 

O 

II 

50 

II 

44 

11 

49 

8 

12 

5 

12 

5 

II 

58 

II 

48 

II 

44 

11 

52 

16 

12 

6 

12 

4 

II 

55 

II 

46 

II 

45 

11 

56 

24 

12 

6 

12 

2 

II 

52 

II 

44 

II 

47 

12 

0 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


57 


Table  26. 

SIDEREAL  TIME  INTO  MEAN 
SOLAR  TIME. 


Table  27. 

MEAN  SOLAR  TIME  INTO 
SIDEREAL  TIME. 


The  tabular  values  are  to  be  subtracted  The  tabular  values  are  to  be  added  to  a 
from  a  sidereal  time  interval.  mean  solar  time  interval. 


Hrs. 

Reduction 

to 

Mean  Time. 

Min. 

Reduc¬ 

tion 

to  Mean 
Time. 

Min. 

Reduc¬ 

tion 

to  Mean 
Time. 

Hrs. 

Reduction  to 
Sidereal 
Time. 

Min. 

Reduc¬ 
tion  to 
Sidereal 
Time. 

Min. 

Reduc¬ 
tion  to 
Sidereal 
Time. 

h. 

m. 

s. 

m. 

s. 

m. 

s. 

h. 

m. 

s. 

m. 

s. 

m. 

s. 

1 

O 

9-83 

1 

0.16 

31 

5-o8 

1 

0 

9.86 

1 

0.16 

31 

5.09 

2 

O 

19.66 

2 

0-33 

32 

5-24 

2 

O 

19.71 

2 

0-33 

32 

5.26 

3 

O 

29.49 

3 

0.49 

33 

5-41 

3 

0 

29.57 

3 

O.49 

33 

542 

4- 

O 

39-32 

4 

0.66 

34 

5-57 

4 

0 

39-43 

4 

0. 66 

34 

5-59 

5 

O 

49-15 

5 

0.82 

35 

5-73 

5 

O 

49.28 

5 

0.82 

35 

5-75 

6 

O 

58.98 

6 

0.98 

36 

5.90 

6 

0 

59.14 

6 

0.99 

36 

5-91 

7 

I 

8.81 

7 

I-I5 

37 

6.06 

7 

I 

9.00 

7 

I.i5 

37 

6.08 

8 

I 

18.64 

8 

i-3i 

38 

6.23 

8 

I 

18.85 

8 

1.31 

38 

6.24 

9 

I 

28.47 

9 

1.47 

39 

6-39 

9 

I 

28.71 

9 

1.48 

39 

6.41 

10 

I 

38.30 

10 

1.64 

40 

6.55 

10 

I 

38.56 

10 

1.64 

40 

6-57 

11 

I 

48.13 

11 

1.80 

4i 

6.72 

11 

I 

48.42 

11 

1. 81 

4i 

6.74 

12 

I 

57-95 

12 

1.97 

42 

6.88 

12 

I 

58.28 

12 

1.97 

42 

6.90 

13 

2 

7-78 

13 

2.13 

43 

7.04 

13 

2 

8.13 

13 

2.14 

43 

7.06 

14 

2 

17.61 

14 

2.29 

44 

7.21 

14 

2 

17.99 

14 

2.30 

44 

7.23 

15 

2 

27-44 

15 

2.46 

45 

7-37 

15 

2 

27-85 

15 

2.46 

45 

7-39 

16 

2 

37-27 

16 

2.62 

46 

7-54 

16 

2 

37.70 

16 

2.63 

46 

7.56 

17 

2 

47.10 

17 

2.79 

47 

7.70 

17 

2 

47.56 

17 

2.79 

47 

7.72  • 

18 

2 

56.93 

18 

2-95 

48 

7.86 

18 

2 

57-42 

18 

2.96 

48 

7.89 

19 

3 

6.76 

19 

3-II 

49 

8.03 

19 

3 

7.27 

19 

3.12 

49 

8.05 

20 

3 

16.59 

20 

3.28 

50 

8.19 

20 

3 

17.13 

20 

3.29 

50 

8.21 

21 

3 

26.42 

21 

3-44 

5i 

8.36 

21 

3 

26.99 

21 

345 

5i 

8.38 

22 

3 

36.25 

22 

3.60 

52 

8.52 

22 

3 

36.84 

22 

3.61 

52 

8-54 

23 

3 

.46.08 

23 

3-77 

53 

8.68 

23 

3 

46.70 

23 

3.78 

53 

8.71 

24 

3 

55.91 

24 

3-93 

54 

8.85 

24 

3 

56.56 

24 

3-94 

54 

8.87 

25 

4.10 

55 

9.01 

25 

4.11 

55 

9.04 

26 

4.26 

56 

9.17 

26 

4.27 

56 

9.20 

27 

4.42 

57 

9-34 

27 

4-44 

57 

9.36 

28 

4-59 

58 

9.50 

28 

4.60 

58 

9-53 

29 

4-75 

59 

9.67 

29 

4.76 

59 

9.69 

30 

4.91 

60 

9-83 

30 

4-93 

60 

9.86 

Reduction  for  Seconds— sidereal  or  mean  solar. 

The  tabular  values  are  to  be  \SUH^dted  {™a „8(£?eal }  time  interval. 

\  added  to  a  mean  solar  J 


Sidereal 

or 

Mean  Time. 

0 

- 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

s. 

s. 

s. 

s. 

s. 

s. 

s. 

s. 

s. 

s. 

s. 

0 

0.00 

0.00 

O.OI 

O.OI 

O.OI 

O.OI 

0.02 

0.02 

0.02 

0.02 

10 

•03 

.03 

.03 

.04 

.04 

.04 

.04 

.05 

•05 

-05 

20 

.05 

.06 

.06 

.06 

.07 

.07 

.07 

•07 

.08 

.08 

30 

.08 

.08 

.09 

•09 

•09 

.10 

.10 

.10 

.10 

.11 

4° 

.11 

.11 

.11 

.12 

.12 

.12 

•13 

.13 

•13 

.13 

50 

0.14 

0.14 

0.14 

* 

0.15 

0.15 

0.15 

0.15 

0.16 

0.16 

0.16 

SMITH80NIAN  TABLES. 


Subtract  0.14  from  a  sidereal  time  interval. 


CONVERSION  OF  MEASURES  OF  WEIGHT. 


Conversion  of  avoirdupois  pounds  and  ounces  into  kilograms  .  Table  28 

Conversion  of  kilograms  into  avoirdupois  pounds  and  ounces  .  Table  29 

Conversion  of  grains  into  grams . Table  30 

Conversion  of  grams  into  grains . Table  31 


Table  28 


AVOIRDUPOIS  POUNDS  AND  OUNCES  INTO  KILOGRAMS. 

i  avoirdupois  pound  =  0.4535924  kilogram. 

1  avoirdupois  ounce  =  0.0283495  kilogram. 


Pounds. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

kg. 

kg. 

kg. 

kg. 

kg. 

kg. 

kg. 

kg. 

kg. 

kg. 

0 

0.0000 

O.0454 

O.O907 

O.I361 

0.1814 

0.2268 

O.2722 

0.3175 

O.3629 

0.4082 

1 

0.4536 

0.4990 

0-5443 

0.5897 

0.6350 

0.6804 

0.7257 

O.77H 

0.8165 

O.8618 

2 

0.9072 

0.9525 

0-9979 

1-0433 

I.0886 

1-1340 

I.I793 

I.2247 

I.2701 

I-3I54 

3 

1.3608 

1.4061 

I.45I5 

1.4969 

1.5422 

1.5876 

1.6329 

I.6783 

I.7237 

I.7690 

4 

1.8144 

I.8597 

1.9051 

1.9504 

1.9958 

2.0412 

2.0865 

2.I319 

2.1772 

2.2226 

5 

2.2680 

2.3133 

2.3587 

2.4040 

2-4494 

2.4948 

2.5401 

2.5855 

2.6308 

2.6762 

6 

2.7216 

2.7669 

2.8123 

2.8576 

2.9030 

2.9484 

2.9937 

3-039.1 

3.0844 

3.1298 

7 

3-I75I 

3.2205 

3-2659 

3-3H2 

3.3566 

3-4019 

3-4473 

3.4927 

3-5380 

3-5834 

8 

3.6287 

3.674I 

3.7195 

3.7648 

3.8102 

3-8555 

3.9009 

3-9463 

3-9916 

4.0370 

9 

4.0823 

4.1277 

4- 1731 

4.2184 

4.2638 

4.3091 

4-3545 

4-3998 

4.4452 

4.4906 

Ounces. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

kg. 

kg. 

kg. 

kg. 

kg. 

kg. 

kg. 

kg. 

kg. 

kg. 

0 

0.0000 

0.0028 

0.0057 

0.0085 

O.OII3 

O.OI42 

0.0170 

0.0198 

O.0227 

O.0255 

1 

.0283 

.0312 

.0340 

.0369 

•0397 

.0425 

•0454 

.0482 

.0510 

•0539 

2 

.0567 

•0595 

.0624 

.0652 

.0680 

.0709 

.0737 

.0765 

•0794 

.0822 

3 

.0850 

.0879 

.0907 

.0936 

.0964 

.0992 

.1021 

.1049 

.1077 

.1106 

4 

-II34 

.1162 

.1191 

.1219 

.1247 

.1276 

.1304 

•1332 

.1361 

.1389 

5 

0.1417 

0. 1446 

O.1474 

O.1503 

0.153* 

0.1559 

O.I588 

0.1616 

0.1644 

0.1673 

6 

.1701 

.1729 

.1758 

.1786 

.1814 

.1843 

.1871 

.1899 

.1928 

.1956 

7 

.1984 

.2013 

.2041 

.2070 

.2098 

.2126 

•2155 

.2183 

.2211 

.2240 

8 

.2268 

.2296 

.2325 

.2353 

.2381 

.2410 

.2438 

.2466 

.2495 

.2523 

9 

.2551 

.2580 

.2608 

.2637 

.2665 

.2693 

.2722 

.2750 

.2778 

.2807 

10 

0.2835 

0.2863 

0.2892 

O.2920 

O.2948 

O.2977 

0.3005 

0.3033 

O.3062 

0.3090 

11 

.3118 

.3147 

.3175 

.3203 

.3232 

.3260 

.3289 

.3317 

•3345 

-3374 

12 

.3402 

.3430 

•3459 

•3487 

.3515 

-3544 

•3572 

.3600 

.3629 

•3657 

13 

•3685 

•3714 

.3742 

.3770 

•3799 

.3827 

.3856 

.3884 

.3912 

•3941 

14 

•3969 

•3997 

.4026 

.4054 

.4082 

.4111 

•4139 

.4167 

.4196 

.4224 

15 

.4252 

.4281 

•4309 

•4337 

.4366 

-4394 

•4423 

-4451 

-4479 

.4508 

Smthsonian  Tables. 


60 


Table  29. 


KILOGRAMS  INTO  AVOIRDUPOIS  POUNDS  AND  OUNCES. 


i  kilogram  =  2.204622  avoirdupois  pounds. 


Kilograms. 

0.0 

0.1 

0.2 

0.3 

0.4 

0.5 

0.6 

0.7 

0.8 

0.9 

Av.  lbs. 

Av.  lbs. 

Av.  lbs. 

Av.  lbs. 

Av.  lbs. 

Av.  lbs. 

Av.lbs. 

Av.  lbs. 

Av.  lbs. 

Av.  lbs. 

0 

0.000 

0.220 

O.441 

O.661 

O.8S2 

1 .102 

I.323 

1-543 

1.764 

1.984 

1 

2.205 

2.425 

2.646 

2.866 

3.086 

3.307 

3-527 

3-748 

3.968 

4.189 

2 

4.409 

4.63O 

4.850 

5.071 

5.291 

5.512 

5.732 

5.952 

6.173 

6.393 

3 

6.614 

6.834 

7-055 

7.275 

7496 

7.716 

7-937 

8.157 

8.378 

8.598 

4 

8.8l8 

9-039 

9.259 

9.480 

9.700 

9.921 

10.141 

IO.362 

IO.582 

IO.803 

5 

11.023 

11.244 

II.464 

11.684 

II- 905 

12.125 

12.346 

12.566 

12.787 

13.007 

6 

13.228 

I3.448 

13.669 

13.889 

14.  no 

14.330 

14-551 

14.771 

14.991 

15.212 

7 

15.432 

15.653 

I5.873 

16.094 

16.314 

16,535 

16.755 

16.976 

17.196 

17.417 

8 

17.637 

I7.857 

18.078 

18.298 

18.519 

18.739 

18.960 

19.180 

19.401 

19.621 

9 

19.842 

20.062 

20.283 

20.503 

20.723 

20.944 

21.164 

21.385 

21.605 

21.826 

Tenths  of  a  Kilogram  into  Ounces. 


Hundredths  of  a  Kilogram 
into  Decimals  of  a  Pound  and  Ounces. 


kg. 

Oz. 

kg. 

Oz. 

kg. 

Av.  lbs.  Oz. 

kg. 

Av.  lbs.  Oz. 

0.1 

3.5274 

0.6 

21.1644 

0.01 

0.022  =  0.35 

0.06 

0.132  =  2.12 

.2 

7.0548 

•7 

24.6918 

.02 

.044  =  0.71 

.07 

.154  =  2.47 

•3 

10.5822 

.8 

28.2192 

.03 

.066  =  1.06 

.08 

.176  =  2.82 

•4 

14.1096 

•9 

31.7466 

.04 

.088  =  1. 41 

.09 

.198  =  3.17 

•5 

17.6370 

1.0 

35.2740 

.05 

.110  =  1.76 

.10 

.220  =  3.53 

Table  30. 

CRAINS  INTO  CRAMS. 

1  grain  =  0.06479892  gram. 


Grains. 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

grams. 

grams. 

grams. 

grams. 

grams. 

grams. 

grams. 

grams. 

grams. 

grams. 

0 

0.0000 

O.0648 

O.1296 

O.I944 

O.2592 

0.3240 

O.3888 

0.4536 

0.5184 

0.5832 

10 

0.6480 

O.7128 

O.7776 

O.8424 

O.9072 

O.9720 

I.O368 

I.IOI6 

1.1664 

I.2312 

20 

1.2960 

I.3608 

1.4256 

I.4904 

1.5552 

1.6200 

[.6848 

I.7496 

1.8144 

I.8792 

30 

1.9440 

2.0088 

2.0736 

2.1384 

2.2032 

2.2680 

2.3328 

2.3976 

2.4624 

2.5272 

40 

2.5920 

2.6568 

2.7216 

2. 7864 

2.8512 

2.9160 

2.9808 

3.0455 

3-H03 

3-I75I 

50 

3.2399 

3.3047 

3.3695 

3-4343 

34991 

3.5639 

3.6287 

3.6935 

3.7583 

3.8231 

60 

3.8879 

3.9527 

4-0175 

4.0823 

4.I47I 

4.2119 

4.2767 

4.3415 

44063 

4.47H 

70 

4-5359 

4.6007 

4-6655 

4.7303 

4.7951 

4.8599 

4.9247 

4.9895 

5.0543 

5-II9T 

80 

5-1839 

5.2487 

5.3135 

5.3783 

5.4431 

5.5079 

5-5727 

5.6375 

5.7023 

5.7671 

90 

5.8319 

5.8967 

5.9615 

6.0263 

6.O9II 

6.1559 

6.2207 

6.2855 

6.3503 

6.4151 

Tenths  of  a  Grain. 

Hundredths  of  a  Grain. 

Grain. 

gram, 

Grain. 

gram. 

Grain. 

gram. 

Grain. 

gram. 

0.1 

0.0065 

0.6 

0.0389 

0,01 

0.0006 

0.06 

0.0039 

.2 

.0130 

7 

.0454 

.02 

.0013 

.07 

.0045 

•3 

.0194 

.8 

.0518 

.03 

.0019 

.08 

.0052 

•4 

.0259 

•9 

.0583 

.04 

.0026 

.09 

.0058 

•5 

.0324 

1.0 

.0648 

•05 

.0032 

.10 

.0065 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

6l 


Table  31 


CRAMS  INTO  CRAINS. 

i  gram  =  15.432356  grains. 


Grams. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

Grains. 

Grains. 

Grains. 

Grains. 

Grains. 

Grains. 

Grains. 

Grains. 

Grains. 

Grains. 

0 

0.00 

1-54 

3-09 

4.63 

6.17 

7.72 

9.26 

IO.80 

12.35 

13.89 

I 

15-43 

16.98 

18.52 

20.06 

2I.6l 

23.15 

24.69 

26.24 

27.78 

29.32 

2 

30.86 

32.41 

33-95 

35-49 

37.04 

38.58 

40.12 

41.67 

43.21 

44-75 

3 

46.30 

47.84 

49.38 

50.93 

52.47 

54.01 

55-56 

57-10 

58.64 

60.19 

4 

61.73 

63.27 

64.82 

66.36 

67.90 

6945 

70.99 

72.53 

74.08 

75.62 

5 

77.16 

78.71 

80.25 

8i.79 

83.33 

84.88 

86.42 

87.96 

89.5I 

91.05 

6 

92-59 

94.14 

95-68 

97.22 

98.77 

IOO.31 

IOI.85 

103.40 

IO4.94 

106.48 

7 

108.03 

109.57 

hi. 11 

112.66 

114.20 

H5-74 

II7.29 

118.83 

120.37 

121.92 

8 

123.46 

125.OO 

126.55 

128.09 

129.63 

131.18 

132.72 

134.26 

135.80 

137-35 

9 

138.89 

140.43 

141.98 

143-52 

I45.06 

146.61 

148.15 

149.69 

151.24 

152.78 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

Grains. 

Grains. 

Grains. 

Grains. 

Grains. 

Grains. 

Grains. 

Grains. 

Grains. 

Grains. 

0 

0.00 

15-43 

30.86 

46.30 

61.73 

77.16 

92.59 

108.03 

123.46 

138.89 

10 

154-32 

169.76 

185.19 

200.62 

216.05 

23I.49 

246.92 

262.35 

277.78 

293.21 

20 

308.65 

324.08 

339-51 

354.94 

370.38 

385.81 

401.24 

416.67 

432.II 

447-54 

30 

462.97 

478.40 

493-84 

509.27 

524.70 

540.13 

555.56 

571.00 

586.43 

601.86 

40 

617.29 

632.73 

648.16 

663.59 

679.02 

694.46 

709.89 

725.32 

740.75 

756.19 

50 

771.62 

787.05 

802.48 

817.91 

833-35 

848.78 

864.21 

879.64 

895.08 

910.51 

60 

025.94 

941-37 

956.81 

972.24 

987.67 

IOO3.IO 

IOI8.54 

1033.97 

1049.40 

1064.83 

70 

1080.26 

1095.70 

1111.13 

1126.56 

II41.99 

II5743 

1172.86 

1188.29 

1203.72 

1219.16 

80 

1234-59 

1250.02 

1265.45 

1280.89 

1296.32 

I3II.75 

1327.18 

1342.61 

1358.05 

137348 

90 

•1388.91 

1404.34 

1419.78 

1435.21 

1450.64 

1466.07 

1481.51 

1496.94 

1512.37 

1527.80 

gram. 

Grain. 

gram. 

Grain. 

gram. 

Grain. 

gram. 

Grain. 

0.01 

0.154 

0.06 

0.926 

0.001 

0.015 

0.006 

0.093 

.02 

.309 

.07 

1.080 

.002 

.031 

.007 

.108 

.03 

.463 

•oS 

x-235 

.003 

.046 

.008 

.123 

.04 

.617 

.09 

1-389 

.004 

.062 

.009 

.139 

.05 

.772 

.10 

1-543 

.005 

.077 

.010 

•  154 

62 


WIND  TABLES. 


Synoptic  conversion  of  velocities  . 

Miles  per  hour  into  feet  per  second . 

Feet  per  second  into  miles  per  hour . 

Meters  per  second  into  miles  per  hour . 

Miles  per  hour  into  meters  per  second . 

Meters  per  second  into  kilometers  per  hour . 

Kilometers  per  hour  into  meters  per  second . 

Scale  of  velocity  equivalents  of  the  so-called  Beaufort  scale  of 
wind . 

Mean  direction  of  the  wind  by  Lambert’s  formula  — 

Multiples  of  cos  450;  form  and  example  of  computation 
Values  of  the  mean  direction  (a)  or  its  complement  (90°  —  a) 

Radius  of  critical  curvature  and  velocities  of  gradient  winds  for 
frictionless  motion  in  Highs  and  Lows. 

English  measures . 

Metric  measures  . 


Table  32 
Table  33 
Table  34 
Table  35 
Table  36 
Table  37 
Table  38 

Table  39 

Table  40 
Table  41 

Table  42 
Table  43 


Table  32 


SYNOPTIC  CONVERSION  OF  VELOCITIES, 

Miles  per  hour  into  meters  per  second,  feet  per  second 
and  kilometers  per  hour. 


Miles 

Meters 

Feet 

Kilome- 

Miles 

Meters 

Feet 

Kilome¬ 

Miles 

Meters 

Feet 

Kilome¬ 

per 

per 

per 

ters  per 

per 

per 

per 

ters  per 

per 

per 

per 

ters  per 

hour. 

second. 

second. 

hour. 

hour. 

second. 

second. 

hour. 

hour. 

second. 

second. 

hour. 

0.0 

0.0 

0.0 

0.0 

26.0 

11.6 

38.1 

41.8 

52.0 

23.2 

76.3 

83.7 

0.5 

0.2 

0.7 

0.8 

26.5 

1 1.8 

38.9 

42.6 

52.5 

23-5 

77-0 

84-5 

1.0 

0.4 

1-5 

1.6 

27.0 

12. 1 

39-6 

43-5 

53-o 

23-7 

77-7 

85.3 

i.5 

0.7 

2.2 

2.4 

27.5 

12.3 

40-3 

44-3 

53-5 

23-9 

78.5 

86.1 

2.0 

0.9 

2.9 

3-2 

28.0 

12.5 

41. 1 

45-i 

54-o 

24.1 

79.2 

86.9 

2.5 

1. 1 

3-7 

4.0 

28.5 

12.7 

41.8 

45-9 

54-5 

24.4 

79-9 

87.7 

3.0 

i-3 

44 

4.8 

29.0 

13.0 

42.5 

46.7 

55.0 

24.6 

80.7 

88.5 

3-5 

1.6 

5-i 

5-6 

29-5 

13.2 

43-3 

47-5 

55-5 

24.8 

81.4 

89-3 

4.0 

1.8 

5-9 

6.4 

30.0 

13-4 

44.0 

48.3 

56.0 

25-0 

82.1 

90.1 

4-5 

2.0 

6.6 

7.2 

30.5 

13.6 

44-7 

49.1 

56.5 

25.3 

82.9 

90.9 

5-o 

2.2 

7-3 

8.0 

31.0 

13-9 

45-5 

49-9 

57-o 

25-5 

83.6 

9X7 

5-5 

2-5 

8.1 

8.9 

3i-5 

14-1 

46.2 

507 

57-5 

257 

84-3 

92.5 

6.0 

2.7 

8.8 

9-7 

32.0 

14.3 

46.9 

51-5 

58.0 

25-9 

85.1 

93-3 

6-5 

2.9 

9-5 

10.5 

32.5 

14-5 

47-7 

52.3 

58.5 

26.2 

85.8 

94.1 

7.0 

3-1 

10.3 

1 1-3 

33-o 

14.8 

48.4 

53-i 

59-o 

26.4 

86.5 

95-o 

7-5 

34 

II.O 

12. 1 

33-5 

15.0 

49.1 

53-9 

59-5 

26.6 

87.3 

95-8 

8.0 

3-6 

11.7 

12.9 

34-o 

15.2 

49-9 

54-7 

60.0 

26.8 

88.0 

96.6 

8-5 

3-8 

12.5 

13*7 

34-5 

154 

50.6 

55-5 

60.5 

27.0  . 

88.7 

97-4 

9.0 

4.0 

13.2 

14-5 

35.0 

15-6 

5i.3 

56.3 

61.0 

27.3 

89.5 

98.2 

9-5 

4.2 

13-9 

15.3 

35-5 

T5-9 

52.1 

57-i 

61.5 

27-5 

90.2 

99.0 

10.0 

4-5 

14.7 

16.1 

36.0 

16.1 

52.8 

57-9 

62.0 

27.7 

90.9 

99.8 

10.5 

4-7 

154 

16.9 

36.5 

16.3 

53-5 

587 

62.5 

27.9 

9X7 

100.6 

II.O 

4-9 

16.1 

17.7 

37-o 

16.5 

54-3 

59-5 

63.0 

28.2 

92.4 

101.4 

II*5 

5-1 

16.9 

18.5 

37-5 

16.8 

55-o 

60.4 

63-5 

28.4 

93-i 

102.2 

1  12.0 

54 

17.6 

19-3 

38.0 

17.0 

557 

61.2 

64.0 

28.6 

93-9 

103.0 

12.5 

5-6 

18.3 

26.1 

38.5 

17.2 

56.5 

62.0 

64-5 

28.8 

94.6 

103.8 

1  13.0 

5-8 

I9-1 

20.9 

39-o 

174 

57-2 

62.8 

65.0 

29.1 

95-3 

104.6 

13-5 

6.0 

19.8 

21.7 

39-5 

17.7 

57-9 

63.6 

65.5 

29-3 

96.1 

105.4 

14.0 

6-3 

20.5 

22.5 

40.0 

17.9 

587 

64.4 

66.0 

29-5 

96.8 

106.2 

14.5 

6-5 

21.3 

23-3 

40.5 

18.1 

59-4 

65.2 

66.5 

29.7 

97-5 

107.0 

15.0 

6.7 

22.0 

24.1 

41.0 

18.3 

60.1 

66.0 

67.0 

30.0 

98.3 

107.8 

15-5 

6.9 

22.7 

24.9 

4i.5 

18.6 

60.9 

66.8 

67-5 

30.2 

99.0 

108.6 

1  16.0 

7.2 

23-5 

257 

42.0 

18.8 

61.6 

67.6 

68.0 

30-4 

99-7 

109.4 

16.5 

74 

24.2 

26.6 

42.5 

19.0 

62.3 

68.4 

68.5 

3°.6 

100.5 

1 10.2 

!  17.0 

7.6 

24.9 

27.4 

43-o 

19.2 

63.1 

69.2 

69.0 

30.8 

101.2 

III.O 

17-5 

7.8 

257 

28.2 

43-5 

19.4 

63.8 

70.0 

69-5 

31*1 

101.9 

111.8 

;  I8.0 

8.0 

26.4 

29.0 

44.0 

19.7 

64-5 

70.8 

70.0 

3i-3 

102.7 

112.7 

18.5 

8-3 

27.1 

29.8 

44-5 

1.9-9 

65-3 

71.6 

7o-5 

3i-5 

103.4 

1 13-5 

19.0 

8.5 

27.9 

30-6 

45-0 

20.1 

66.0 

72.4 

71.0 

31-7 

104. 1 

1 14-3 

19-5 

8.7 

28.6 

314 

45-5 

20.3 

66.7 

73-2 

7i-5 

32.0 

104.9 

115-1 

20.0 

8.9 

29-3 

32.2 

46.0 

20.6 

67-5 

74.0  ' 

72.0 

32.2 

105.6 

H5-9 

20.5 

9.2 

30. 1 

33-o 

46.5 

20.8 

68.2 

74.8 

72.5 

324 

106.3 

116.7 

!  21.0 

94 

30.8 

33-8 

47.0 

21.0 

68.9 

75-6' 

73.0 

32.6 

107. 1 

1 1 7-5 

21.5 

9.6 

3i-5 

34-6 

47-5 

21.2 

69.7 

76.4 

73-5 

32-9 

107.8 

118.3 

1  22.0 

9.8 

32.3 

354 

48.0 

21.5 

70.4 

77.2 

74.0 

33-1 

108.5 

119.1 

1  22.5 

10. 1 

33-o 

36.2 

43.5 

21.7 

71. 1 

78.1 

74-5 

33-3 

109.3 

1 19.9 

23.0 

10.3 

33-7 

37-0 

49.0 

21.9 

71.9 

78.9 

75-o 

33-5 

110.0 

120.7 

23.5 

10.5 

34-5 

37.8 

49-5 

22.1 

72.6 

79-7 

75-5 

33-8 

1 10.7 

121.5 

24.0 

10.7 

35-2 

33.6 

50.0 

22.4 

73-3 

80.5 

76.0 

34-0 

111.5 

122.3 

I  24.5 

II.O 

35-9 

394 

50.5 

22.6 

74.1 

81.3 

76.5 

34-2 

112.2 

123.1 

1  25.0 

11. 2 

36.7 

40.2 

51.0 

22.8 

74-8 

82.1 

.77-0 

34-4 

1 1 2.9 

123.9 

I  25.5 

114 

374 

41.0 

51.5 

23.0 

75-5 

82.9 

77-5 

34-6 

II3-7 

124.7 

1  26.0 

11.6 

38.1 

41.8 

52.0 

23.2 

76.3 

83.7 

78.0 

34-9 

1 14.4 

125.5 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

64 


Table  33 


MILES  PER  HOUR  INTO  FEET  PER  SECOND. 


i  mile  per  hour  =  —  feet  per  second. 

30 


Miles 
per  hour. 

0 

- 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

Feet  per 

Feet  per 

Feet  pei 

Feet  per 

Feet  per 

Feet  per 

Feet  per 

Feet  per 

Feet  per 

Feet  per 

sec. 

sec. 

sec. 

sec. 

sec 

sec. 

sec. 

sec. 

sec. 

sec. 

0 

0.0 

i-5 

2.9 

4.4 

5-9 

7-3 

8.8 

IO.3 

II.7 

13.2 

10 

14.7 

16.  r 

17.6 

19. 1 

20.5 

22.0 

23-5 

24.9 

26.4 

27.9 

20 

29-3 

30.8 

32.3 

33-7 

35-2 

36.7 

38.1 

39-6 

4I.I 

42.5 

30 

44.O 

45-5 

46.9 

48.4 

49-9 

51-3 

52.8 

54-3 

55.7 

57-2 

40 

58.7 

60.1 

6l.6 

63.I 

64.5 

66.0 

67.5 

68.9 

70.4 

71.9 

50 

73.3 

74.8 

76.3 

77.7 

79-2 

80.7 

82.1 

83.6 

85.1 

86.5 

60 

88.0 

89-5 

90.9 

92.4 

93-9 

95-3 

96.8 

98.3 

99-7 

101.2 

70 

102.7 

104. 1 

105.6 

107. 1 

108.5 

IIO.O 

111.5 

112.9 

II4-4 

H5-9 

80 

117.3 

118.8 

120.3 

I2I.7 

123.2 

124.7 

126.1 

127.6 

129. 1 

130.5 

90 

132.0 

133-5 

134.9 

136.4 

137.9 

139.3 

140.8 

142.3 

143-7 

145.2 

100 

146.7 

148.1 

149.6 

I5I-I 

152.5 

154.0 

155-5 

156.9 

158.4 

J59-9 

no 

161.3 

162.8 

164.3 

165.7 

167.2 

168.7 

170. 1 

171.6 

173- 1 

174-5 

120 

176.0 

177.5 

178.9 

180.4 

181.9 

183.3 

184.8 

186.3 

187.7 

189.2 

130 

190.7 

192. 1 

193.6 

I95-I 

196.5 

198.0 

199.5 

200.9 

202.4 

203.9 

140 

205.3 

206.8 

208.3 

209.7 

211.2 

212.7 

214. 1 

215.6 

217.1 

218.5 

Table  34. 


FEET  PER  SECOND  INTO  MILES  PER  HOUR. 

30 

1  foot  per  second  =  —  miles  per  hour. 


Feet 
per  sec. 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

Miles 

•  Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

0 

0.0 

0-7 

1.4 

2.0 

2-7 

3-4 

4.1 

4-8 

5-5 

6.1 

10 

6.8 

7-5 

8.2 

8.9 

9-5 

10.2 

IO.9 

n. 6 

12.3 

13.0 

20 

13.6 

14-3 

15-0 

15-7 

16.4 

17.0 

17.7 

18.4 

19. 1 

19.8 

30 

20.5 

21. 1 

21.8 

22.5 

23.2 

23-9 

24-5 

25.2 

25.9 

26.6 

40 

27.3 

28.0 

28.6 

29-3 

30.0 

30.7 

3i-4 

32.0 

32-7 

33-4 

50 

34-i 

34-8 

35-5 

36.1 

36.8 

37-5 

38.2 

38.9 

39-5 

40.2 

60 

40.9 

41.6 

42.3 

43-o 

43-6 

44-3 

45-o 

45-7 

46.4 

47.0 

70 

47-7 

48.4 

49.1 

49.8 

50.5 

51-1 

51.8 

52.5 

53-2 

53-9 

80 

54-5 

55-2 

55-9 

56.6 

57-3 

58.0 

58.6 

59-3 

60.0 

60.7 

90 

61.4 

62.0 

62.7 

63-4 

64.1 

64.8 

65-5 

66.1 

66.8 

67.5 

100 

68.2 

68.9 

69.5 

70.2 

70.9 

71.6 

72.3 

73-o 

73-6 

74-3 

no 

75-0 

75-7 

76.4 

77.0 

77-7 

78.4 

79.1 

79.8 

80.5 

81. 1 

120 

81.8 

82.5 

83.2 

83-9 

84.5 

85.2 

85.9 

86.6 

87-3 

88.0 

130 

88.6 

89-3 

90.0 

90.7 

91.4 

92.0 

92.7 

93-4 

94.1 

94.8 

140 

95-5 

96.1 

96.8 

97-5 

98.2 

98.9 

99-5 

100.2 

100.9 

101.6 

150 

102.3 

103.0 

103.6 

104.3 

105.0 

105.7 

106.4 

107.0 

107.7 

108.4 

160 

109. 1 

109.8 

110.5 

in. 1 

in. 8 

112.5 

113.2 

H3-9 

H4-5 

115.2 

170 

H5-9 

116.6 

II7-3 

118.0 

118.6 

H9-3 

120.0 

120.7 

121.4 

120.0 

180 

122.7 

123.4 

124. 1 

124.8 

125.5 

126.1 

126.8 

127.5 

128.2 

128.9 

190 

129.5 

130.2 

130.9 

131.6 

132.3 

i33.o 

133-6 

134.3 

i35-o 

135-7 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


65 


Table  35 


METERS  PER  SECOND  INTO  MILES  PER  HOUR 

i  meter  per  second  =  2.236932  miles  per  hour. 


Meters  per 
second. 

0.0 

0.1 

0.2 

0.3 

0.4 

0.5 

0.6 

0.7 

0.8 

0.9 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

0 

0.0 

0.2 

0.4 

0.7 

0.9 

I.I 

1-3 

1.6 

1.8 

2.0 

1 

2.2 

2.5 

2.7 

2.9 

3-i 

3-4 

3-6 

3-8 

4.0 

4-3 

2 

4-5 

4-7 

4-9 

5-1 

5-4 

5-6 

5-8 

6.0 

6-3 

6.5 

3 

6.7 

6.9 

7.2 

7-4 

7.6 

7-8 

8.1 

8-3 

8-5 

8.7 

4 

8.9 

9.2 

9-4 

9.6 

9.8 

10. 1 

10.3 

10.5 

IO.7 

II. O 

5 

11. 2 

Ti.4 

11. 6 

n.9 

12. 1 

12.3 

12.5 

12.8 

13.O 

13.2 

6 

13.4 

13.6 

13-9 

14. 1 

14-3 

14.5 

14.8 

i5-o 

15-2 

154 

7 

15.7 

15.9 

16. 1 

16.3 

16.6 

16.8 

17.0 

17.2 

17.4 

177 

8 

17.9 

18. 1 

18.3 

18.6 

18.8 

19.0 

19.2 

19-5 

19.7 

I9.9 

9 

20.1 

20.4 

20.6 

20.8 

21.0 

21.3 

21.5 

21.7 

21.9 

22.1 

10 

22.4 

22.6 

22.8 

23.0 

23- 3 

23-5 

23.7 

23-9 

24.2 

24.4 

11 

24.6 

24.8 

25-i 

25.3 

25.5 

25-7 

25.9 

26.2 

26.4 

26.6 

12 

26.8 

27.1 

27.3 

27-5 

27.7 

28.0 

28.2 

28.4 

28.6 

28.9 

13 

29.1 

29-3 

29- 5 

29.8 

30.0 

30.2 

30-4 

30.6 

30-9 

31-1 

14 

3i-3 

3i-5 

31.8 

32.0 

32.2 

32.4 

327 

32.9 

33-i 

33-3 

15 

33-6 

33-8 

34-0 

34-2 

34-4 

347 

34-9 

35-i 

35-3 

35-6 

16 

35-8 

36.0 

36.2 

36.5 

36.7 

36.9 

37-1 

37-4 

37-6 

37-8 

17 

38.0 

38.3 

38.5 

38.7 

38.9 

39-i 

39-4 

39-6 

39-8 

40.0 

18 

40.3 

40.5 

40.7 

40.9 

41.2 

41.4 

41.6 

41.8 

42.1 

42.3 

19 

42.5 

42.7 

43-o 

43-2 

43-4 

43-6 

43-8 

44.1 

44-3 

44-5 

20 

44-7 

45-0 

45-2 

45-4 

45-6 

45.9 

46.1 

46.3 

46.5 

46.8 

21 

47.0 

47.2 

47-4 

47.6 

47-9 

48.1 

48.3 

48.5 

48.8 

49.0 

22 

49.2 

49-4 

49-7 

49-9 

50*1 

50.3 

50.6 

50.8 

51.0 

51.2 

23 

5i.5 

5i.7 

5i.9 

52.1 

52.3 

52.6 

52.8 

53.o 

53-2 

53-5 

24 

53-7 

53-9 

54-i 

544 

54-6 

54-8 

55-o 

55-3 

55-5 

557 

25 

55-9 

56.1 

56.4 

56.6 

56.8 

57-0 

57-3 

57-5 

577 

57-9 

26 

58.2 

58.4 

58.6 

58.8 

59-i 

59-3 

59-5 

597 

60.0 

60.2 

27 

60.4 

60.6 

60.8 

61. 1 

61.3 

61.5 

61.7 

62.0 

62.2 

62.4 

28 

62.6 

62.9 

63.1 

63-3 

63.5 

63.8 

64.0 

64.2 

64.4 

64.6 

29 

64.9 

65.1 

65.3 

65-5 

65.8 

66.0 

66.2 

66.4 

66.7 

66.9 

30 

67.1 

67.3 

67.6 

67.8 

68.0 

68.2 

68.5 

68.7 

68.9 

69.1 

3i 

69-3 

69.6 

69.8 

70.0 

70.2 

70.5 

70.7 

70.9 

71.1 

71.4 

32 

71.6 

71.8 

72.0 

72.3 

72.5 

72.7 

72.9 

73-i 

73-4 

73-6 

33 

73-8 

74.0 

74-3 

74-5 

74-7 

74-9 

75-2 

75-4 

75-6 

75-8 

34 

76.1 

76.3 

76.5 

76.7 

77.0 

77.2 

77-4 

77.6 

77.8 

78.1 

35 

78.3 

78.5 

78.7 

79.0 

79.2 

79-4 

79.6 

79-9 

80.1 

80.3 

36 

80.5 

80.8 

81.0 

81.2 

81.4 

81.6 

81.9 

82.1 

82.3 

82.5 

37 

82.8 

83.0 

83.2 

83-4 

83.7 

84.0 

84.1 

84-3 

84.6 

84.8 

38 

85.0 

85.2 

85.5 

85.7 

85-9 

86.1 

86.3 

86.6 

86.8 

87.0 

39 

87.2 

87.5 

87.7 

87.9 

88.1 

88.4 

88.6 

88.8 

89.0 

89-3 

40 

89-5 

89.7 

89.9 

90.2 

90.4 

90.6 

90.8 

91.0 

9i-3 

9i-5 

41 

91.7 

91.9 

92.2 

92.4 

92.6 

92.8 

93-i 

93-3 

93-5 

937 

42 

94.0 

94-2 

94-4 

94.6 

94.8 

95-i 

95-3 

95-5 

957 

96.0 

43 

96.2 

96.4 

96.6 

96.9 

97.1 

97-3 

97-5 

97.8 

98.0 

98.2 

44 

98.4 

98.7 

98.9 

99.1 

99-3 

99-5 

99.8 

100.0 

100.2 

100.4 

Sm>thsonian  Tables 


66 


Table  35 


METERS  PER  SECOND  INTO  MILES  PER  HOUR. 


Meters  per 
second. 

0.0 

0.1 

0.2 

0.3 

0.4 

0.5 

0.6 

0.7 

0.8 

0.9 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles 

Miles  | 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. ; 

45 

100.7 

IOO.9 

IOI.I 

IOI.3 

IOI.6 

IOI.8 

102.0 

102.2 

IO2.5 

102*7  ! 

46 

IO2.9 

103. 1 

103.3 

103.6 

103.8 

I04.O 

IO4.2 

IO4.5 

104.7 

104.9 

47 

105. 1 

105.4 

105.6 

105.8 

106.0 

106.3 

IO6.5 

I06.7 

106.9 

107.2  j 

48 

IO7.4 

107.6 

107.8 

108.0 

108.3 

108.5 

108.7 

I08.9 

IO9.2 

109.4  | 

49 

109.6 

109.8 

IIO.I 

no.  3 

no.  5 

no.  7 

III.O 

III. 2 

in. 4 

in. 6  | 

50 

hi. 8 

1 12. 1 

II2.3 

II2.5 

112. 7 

113-0 

II3-2 

II3-4 

113.6 

II3-9 

5i 

1 14. 1 

II4.3 

II4.5 

II4.8 

115-0 

115-2 

II5-4 

II5-7 

II5-9 

1 16. 1  | 

52 

116.3 

II6.6 

Il6.8 

117.0 

117.2 

117.4 

H7-7 

II7.9 

118. 1 

118.3  1 

53 

118.6 

II8.8 

II9.0 

II9.2 

II9-5 

H9-7 

II9.9 

120. 1 

120.4 

120.6  j 

54 

120.8 

121.0 

I2I.3 

I2I.5 

121.7 

121.9 

122. 1 

122.4 

122.6 

122.8  J 

55 

123.0 

123.3 

123.5 

I23.7 

123.9 

124.2 

1244 

124.6 

124.8 

125.1 

56 

125.3 

125.5 

125.7 

126.0 

126.2 

126.4 

126.6 

126.8 

127. 1 

127.3 

57 

127.5 

127.8 

128.0 

128.2 

128.4 

128.6 

I28.9 

I29.I 

129.3 

129.5 

58 

129.7 

130.0 

130.2 

I3O.4 

130.7 

130.9 

I3I.I 

I3I-3 

131.6 

131.8 

59 

132.0 

132.2 

132.5 

I32.7 

132.9 

I33-I 

133-3 

133-6 

133.8 

134.0 

Table  36. 

MILES  PER  HOUR  INTO  METERS  PER  SECOND. 

i  mile  per  hour  =  0.4470409  meters  per  second. 


Miles  per 
hour. 

0 

•  1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

meters 

meters 

meters 

meters 

meters 

meters 

meters 

meters 

meters 

meters 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

0 

0.00 

0.45 

O.89 

1-34 

1.79 

2.24 

2.68 

3-13 

3.58  ! 

4.02 

10 

447 

4.92 

5.36 

5.81 

6.26 

6.71 

7.15 

7.60 

8.05 

8.49 

20 

8-94 

9-39 

9.83 

10.28 

IO.73 

II. 18 

11.62 

12.07 

12.52 

12.96 

30 

1341 

13.86 

14.31 

14.75 

15.20 

I5.65 

16.09 

16.54 

16.99 

17.43 

40 

17.88 

18.33 

18.78 

19.22 

19.67 

20.12 

20.56 

21.01 

21.46 

21.90 

50 

22.35 

22.80 

23.25 

23.69 

24.14 

24.59 

25-03 

2548 

25.93 

26.37 

60 

26.82 

27.27 

27.72 

28.16 

28.61 

29.06 

29.50 

29-95 

30.40 

30.85 

70 

31.29 

31-74 

32.19 

32-63 

33-o8 

33-53 

33.98 

3442 

34.87 

35.32 

80 

35.76 

36.21 

36.66 

37.10 

37-55 

38.00 

38.44 

38.89 

39-34 

39.79 

90 

40.23 

40.68 

41.13 

41-57 

42.02 

42.47 

42.92 

43-36 

43.81 

44.26 

100 

44.70 

45-15 

45.60 

46.04 

46.49 

46.94 

47-39 

47.83 

48.28 

48.73 

no 

49-17 

49.62 

50.07 

50. 5* 

50.96 

5i.4i 

51.86 

52.30 

52.75 

53-20 

120 

53.64 

54-09 

54-54 

54.98 

55-43 

55-88 

56.33 

56.77 

57.22 

57-67 

130 

58.12 

58.56 

59-oi 

59-46 

59.90 

60.35 

60.80 

61.24 

61.69 

62.14 

140 

62.59 

63.03 

63.48 

63.93 

64.37 

64.82 

65.27 

65.72 

66.16 

66.61 

8mithsonian  Tables. 


67 


Table  37 


METERS  PER  SECOND  INTO  KILOMETERS  PER  HOUR 

i  meter  per  second  =  3.6  kilometers  per  hour. 


Meters  per 
second. 

0.0 

0.1 

0.2 

0.3 

0.4 

0.5 

0.6 

0.7 

0.8 

0.9 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

0 

0.0 

0.4 

0.7 

I.I 

1.4 

1.8 

2.2 

2.5 

2-9 

3-2 

1 

3-6 

4.0 

4-3 

4-7 

5-0 

5-4 

5.8 

6.1 

6-5 

6.8 

2 

7.2 

7.6 

7-9 

8-3 

8.6 

9.0 

9-4 

9-7 

IO.  I 

10.4 

3 

10.8 

II. 2 

II-5 

II- 9 

12.2 

12.6 

13.0 

13.3 

13-7 

14.0 

4 

14.4 

14.8 

I5-1 

15.5 

15.8 

16.2 

16.6 

16.9 

17.3 

17.6 

5 

18.0 

18.4 

18.7 

19. 1 

194 

19.8 

20.2 

20.5 

20.9 

21.2 

6 

21.6 

22.0 

22.3 

22.7 

23.0 

23.4 

23.8 

24.1 

24.5 

24.8 

7 

25.2 

25.6 

25-9 

26.3 

26.6 

27.0 

27.4 

27.7 

28.1 

28.4 

8 

28.8 

29.2 

29-5 

29.9 

30.2 

30.6 

31.0 

31.3 

31.7 

32.0 

9 

32.4 

32.8 

33-i 

33-5 

33-8 

34.2 

34-6 

34.9 

35-3 

35.6 

10 

36.0 

36.4 

36.7 

37-1 

37-4 

37.8 

38.2 

38.5 

38.9 

39-2 

11 

39-6 

40.0 

40.3 

40.7 

41.0 

41.4 

41.8 

42.1 

42.5 

42.8 

12 

43-2 

43-6 

43-9 

44-3 

44-6 

45.0 

45-4 

45-7 

46.1 

46.4 

13 

46.8 

47.2 

47-5 

47-9 

48.2 

48.6 

49.o 

49-3 

49-7 

50.0 

14 

50.4 

50.8 

51-1 

51.5 

51.8 

52.2 

52.6 

52.9 

53-3 

53.6 

15 

54-o 

54-4 

54-7 

55-1 

55-4 

55.8 

56.2 

56.5 

56.9 

57-2 

16 

57-6 

58.0 

58.3 

58.7 

59-0 

59.4 

59-8 

60.1 

60.5 

60.8 

17 

61.2 

61.6 

61.9 

62.3 

62.6 

63.0 

63-4 

63.7 

64.1 

64.4 

18 

64.8 

65.2 

65.5 

65-9 

66.2 

66.6 

67.0 

67.3 

67.7 

68.0 

19 

68.4 

68.8 

69.1 

69-5 

69.8 

70.2 

70.6 

70.9 

71-3 

71.6 

20 

72.0 

72.4 

72.7 

73- 1 

73-4 

73-8 

74.2 

74-5 

74.9 

75-2 

21 

75-6 

76.0 

76.3 

76.7 

77.o 

77-4 

77.8 

78.1 

78.5 

78.8 

22 

79.2 

'  79-6 

79-9 

80.3 

80.6 

81.0 

81.4 

81.7 

82.1 

82.4 

23 

82.8 

83.2 

83.5 

83.9 

84.2 

84.6 

85.0 

85.3 

85.7 

86.0 

24 

86.4 

86.8 

87.1 

87.5 

87.8 

88.2 

88.6 

88.9 

89-3 

89.6 

25 

90.0 

90.4 

90.7 

91.1 

91.4 

91.8 

92.2 

92.5 

92.9 

93-2 

26 

93-6 

94.0 

94-3 

94.7 

95-o 

954 

95-8 

96.1 

96.5 

96.8 

27 

97.2 

97.6 

97-9 

98.3 

98.6 

99.0 

99-4 

99-7 

100. 1 

100.4 

28 

100.8 

101.2 

101.5 

101.9 

102.2 

102.6 

103.0 

103.3 

103.7 

104.0 

29 

104.4 

104.8 

105. 1 

105.5 

105.8 

106.2 

106.6 

106.9 

107.3 

107.6 

30 

108.0 

108.4 

108.7 

109. 1 

109.4 

109.8 

1 10. 2 

no.  5 

1 10. 9 

hi. 2 

3i 

hi. 6 

112.0 

112.3 

112.7 

113.0 

II3-4 

113.8 

114.1 

114.5 

114.8 

32 

115.2 

115.6 

H5-9 

116.3 

116.6 

117.0 

II7-4 

ii7-7 

1 18. 1 

118.4 

33 

1 18.8 

119.2 

1190 

1 19. 9 

120.2 

120.6 

121.0 

121.3 

121.7 

122.0 

34 

122.4 

122.8 

123.1 

123.5 

123.8 

124.2 

124.6 

124.9 

125.3 

125.6 

35 

126.0 

126.4 

126.7 

127.1 

127.4 

127.8 

128.2 

128.5 

128.9 

129.2 

36 

129.6 

130.0 

130.3 

130.7 

131-0 

131-4 

131.8 

132. 1 

132.5 

132.8 

37 

133-2 

133-6 

133.9 

134.3 

134.6 

135-0 

135-4 

135.7 

136.1 

136.4 

38 

136.8 

137.2 

137.5 

137.9 

138.2 

138.6 

139.0 

139-3 

139.7 

140.0 

39 

140.4 

140.8 

141.1 

I4I-5 

141.8 

142.2 

142.6 

142.9 

M3- 3 

143.6 

40 

144.0 

144.4 

144.7 

I45-I 

145.4 

145.8 

146.2 

146.5 

146.9 

147.2 

4i 

147.6 

148.0 

148.3 

148.7 

149.0 

149.4 

149.8 

150. 1 

150.5 

150.8 

42 

151-2 

151-6 

151.9 

152.3 

152.6 

153-0 

153-4 

153-7 

154. 1 

154.4 

43 

154.8 

155-2 

155.5 

155.9 

156.2 

156.6 

157-0 

157-3 

157-7 

158.0 

44 

158.4 

158.8 

159. 1 

159-5 

159.8 

160.2 

160.6 

160.9 

161.3 

161.6 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


68 


Table  37, 


METERS  PER  SECOND  INTO  KILOMETERS  PER  HOUR. 


Meters  per 
second. 

0.0 

0.1 

0.2 

0.3 

0.4 

0.5 

0.6 

0.7 

0.8 

1 

0.9 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

km. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

per  hr. 

45 

162.0 

162.4 

162.7 

163.I 

163.4 

163.8 

164.2 

164.5 

164.9 

165.2 

46 

165.6 

166.O 

166.3 

166.7 

167.0 

167.4 

167.8 

168. 1 

168.5 

168.8 

47 

169.2 

169.6 

169.9 

170.3 

170.6 

171.0 

I7I-4 

171.7 

172. 1 

172.4 

48 

172.8 

173.2 

173.5 

173-9 

174.2 

174.6 

i75-o 

175-3 

175-7 

176.0 

49 

176.4 

176.8 

I77-I 

177.5 

177.8 

178.2 

178.6 

178.9 

179.3 

179.6 

50 

180.0 

180.4 

180.7 

l8l.I 

181.4 

181.8 

182.2 

182.5 

182.9 

183.2 

5* 

183.6 

184.0 

184.3 

184.7 

185.0 

185.4 

185.8 

186. 1 

186.5 

186.8 

52 

187.2 

187.6 

187.9 

188.3 

188.6 

189.0 

189.4 

189.7 

I90. 1 

190.4 

53 

190.8 

191.2 

I9I-5 

I9I.9 

192.2 

192.6 

193.0 

193-3 

193-7 

I94.O 

54 

194.4 

194.8 

195. 1 

195-5 

195-8 

196.2 

196.6 

196.9 

197.3 

197.6 

55 

198.0 

198.4 

198.7 

I99-1 

I99.4 

199.8 

200.2 

200.5 

200.9 

201.2 

56 

201.6 

202.0 

202.3 

202.7 

203.O 

203.4 

203.8 

204.I 

204.5 

204.8 

57 

205.2 

205.6 

205.9 

206.3 

206.6 

207.O 

207.4 

207.7 

208.1 

208.4 

58 

208.8 

209.2 

209.5 

209.9 

210.2 

210.6 

211.0 

2IT.3 

2II.7 

212.0 

59 

212.4 

212.8 

213.I 

213-5 

213.8 

214.2 

214.6 

214.9 

215-3 

215.6 

Table  38. 

KILOMETERS  PER  HOUR  INTO  METERS  PER  SECOND, 
i  kilometer  per  hour=  ^  meters  per  second. 


Kilometers 
per  hour, 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

meters 

meters 

meters 

meters 

meters 

meters 

meters 

meters 

meters 

meters 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

per  sec. 

0 

0.00 

0.28 

O.56 

O.83 

I.II 

i-39 

I.67 

I.94 

2.22 

2.50 

10 

2.78 

3.06 

3-33 

3.6l 

3-89 

4.17 

4.44 

4.72 

5-00 

5.28 

20 

5.56 

5.83 

6.11 

6.39 

6.67 

6.94 

7.22 

7.50 

7.78 

8.06 

30 

8-33 

8.6l 

8.89 

9.17 

944 

9.72 

10.00 

10.28 

IO.56 

IO.83 

40 

II. II 

11.39 

11.67 

II.94 

12.22 

12.50 

12.78 

13.06 

13-33 

13.61 

50 

I3.89 

14.17 

14.44 

14.72 

15.00 

15.28 

15.56 

15.83 

l6.  II 

16.39 

60 

16.67 

16.94 

17.22 

I7.50 

17.78 

18.06 

18.33 

l8.6l 

18.89 

19.17 

70 

1944 

19.72 

20.00 

20.28 

20.56 

20.83 

21. II 

21-39 

21.67 

21.94 

80 

22.22 

22.50 

22.78 

23.06 

23-33 

23.61 

23.89 

24.17 

2444 

24.72 

90 

25.00 

25.28 

25-56 

25-83 

26.II 

26.39 

26.67 

26.94 

27.22 

27.50 

100 

27.78 

28.06 

28.33 

28.6l 

28.89 

29.17 

29.44 

29.72 

30.00 

30.28 

IIO 

30.56 

30.83 

31. 1 1 

31.39 

3I.67 

31.94 

32.22 

32.50 

32.78 

33-06 

120 

33.33 

33.61 

33-89 

34-17 

34-44 

34.72 

35-00 

35.28 

35.56 

35.83 

130 

36.II 

36.39 

36.67 

36.94 

37.22 

37.50 

37.78 

38.06 

38.33 

38.61 

140 

38.89 

39.17 

3944 

39.72 

40.00 

40.28 

40.56 

40.83 

41. II 

41.39 

150 

41.67 

41.94 

42.22 

42.50 

42.78 

43.06 

43.33 

43.61 

43.89 

44.17 

160 

4444 

44.72 

45-00 

45-28 

45.56 

45.83 

46.11 

46.39 

46.67 

46.94 

170 

47-22 

47.50 

47.78 

48.06 

48.33 

48.61 

48.89 

49.17 

49-44 

49.72 

180 

50.00 

50.28 

50.56 

50.83 

51. II 

51.39 

51.67 

51-94 

52.22 

52.50 

190 

52.78 

53-06 

53-33 

53.6l 

53.89 

54.17 

54.44 

54.72 

55-00 

55-28 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

69 


Table  39. 

SCALE  OF  VELOCITY  EQUIVALENTS  OF  THE  SO-CALLED  BEAUFORT 

SCALE  OF  WIND. 


Beaufort 

Number. 

Explanatory  titles. 

Mode  of  estimating  aboard 
sailing  vessels. 

Specification  for  use 
on  land. 

j  Meters  per  second 

Miles  per  hour. 

o 

Calm 

Calm,  smoke 

Less  than  0.3 

Less  than  1 

rises  vertically. 

i 

Light  air 

Direction  of 

o-3-i-S 

i-3 

wind  shown  by 
smoke  drift, 

but  not  by 
wind  vanes. 

2 

Slight  breeze 

Sufficient  wind 

Wind  felt  on 

1.6-3.3 

4-7 

for  working  ship 

face;  leaves 
rustle;  ordi¬ 

nary  vane 
moved  by  wind. 

3 

Gentle 

Leaves  and 

3*4-54 

8-12 

breeze  J 

small  twigs  in 
constant  mo¬ 

tion;  wind  ex¬ 
tends  light  flag. 

4 

Moderate  'j 

Raises  dust 

5  5-7 *9 

13-18 

breeze 

Forces  most  ad- 

and  loose 

vantageous  for 

paper;  small 

sailing  with  lead- 

branches  are 

ing  wind  and  all 

moved. 

5 

Fresh 

sail  drawing 

Small  trees  in 

8.0-10.7 

19-24 

breeze  J 

leaf  begin  to 
sway;  crested 
wavelets  form 
on  inland 

- 

waters. 

6 

Strong 

Large  branches 

10.8-13.8 

25-31 

breeze 

Reduction  of  sail 
necessary  with 
leading  wind 

in  motion; 
whistling  heard 
in  telegraph 
wires;  umbrel¬ 
las  used  with 
difficulty. 

7 

High  wind  , 

Whole  trees  in 

13.9-17.1 

32-38 

motion;  incon¬ 
venience  felt 
when  walking 
against  wind. 

8 

Gale 

Considerable  re¬ 

Breaks  twigs  off 

17.2-20.7 

39-46 

duction  of  sail 

trees;  gener¬ 
ally  impedes 

necessary  even 
with  wind 

progress. 

9 

Strong  gale  „ 

quartering 

Slight  structural 
damage  occurs 
(chimney  pots 
and  slate  re¬ 
moved). 

20.8-24.4 

47-54 

IO 

Whole  gale  'j 

Seldom  experi¬ 

24.5-28.4 

55-63 

r 

Close  reefed  sail 
running,  or  hove 
to  under  storm 
sail 

enced  inland; 
trees  uprooted; 
considerable 
structural 
damage  occurs. 

ii 

Storm  J 

1 

Very  rarely  ex¬ 

28.5-33*5 

64-75 

perienced,  ac¬ 
companied  by 
widespread 
damage. 

12 

Hurricane 

No  sail  can  stand 

33.6  or 

Above 

even  when  running 

above 

75 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


Table  40. 

MEAN  DIRECTION  OF  THE  WIND  BY  LAMBERT’S  FORMULA. 

E-  W+  {NE.+  SE  -  NW-SW)  cos  450 
tan  a  ~  N-  5+  (WE  +  NW- SE  -  SW)  cos  45° 


Multiples  of  cos  45°. 


Number. 

0 

. 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

0 

0.0 

0.7 

14 

2.1 

2.8 

3-5 

4.2 

4-9 

5-7 

6.4 

10 

7-1 

7.8 

8.5 

9.2 

9-9 

10.6 

II-3 

12.0 

12.7 

134 

20 

14. 1 

14.8 

15.6 

16.3 

17.0 

17.7 

18.4 

19. 1 

19.8 

20.5 

30 

21.2 

21.9 

22.6 

23-3 

24.0 

24.7 

25.5 

26.2 

26.9 

27.6 

40 

28.3 

29.0 

29.7 

304 

31*1 

31.8 

32.5 

33-2 

33-9 

34-6 

50 

354 

36.1 

36.8 

37-5 

38.2 

38.9 

39-6 

40.3 

41.0 

41.7 

60 

42.4 

43-i 

43-8 

44-5 

^.5-3 

46.0 

46.7 

474 

48.1 

48.8 

70 

49-5 

50.2 

50.9 

51.6 

52.3 

53-o 

53-7 

544 

55-2 

55-9 

80 

56.6 

57.3 

58.0 

58.7 

594 

60.1 

60.8 

61.5 

62.2 

62.9 

90 

63.6 

64.3 

65.1 

65.8 

66.5 

67.2 

67.9 

68.6 

69.3 

70.0 

100 

70.7 

71.4 

72.1 

72.8 

73-5 

74-2 

75-0 

75-7 

764 

77.1 

no 

77.8 

78.5 

79.2 

79-9 

80.6 

81.3 

82.0 

82.7 

834 

84.1 

120 

84.9 

85.6 

86.3 

87.0 

87.7 

88.4 

89.1 

89.8 

90.5 

91.2 

130 

91.9 

92.6 

93-3 

94.0 

94.8 

95-5 

96.2 

96.9 

97.6 

98.3 

140 

99.0 

99-7 

100.4 

IOI.I 

101.8 

102.5 

103.2 

103.9 

104.7 

105.4 

150 

106. 1 

106.8 

107.5 

108.2 

108.9 

109.6 

110.3 

III.O 

in. 7 

112.4 

160 

113-1 

113.8 

114.6 

H5-3 

116.0 

116.7 

117.4 

118.1 

118.8 

II9-5 

170 

120.2 

120.9 

121.6 

122.3 

123.0 

123.7 

124.5 

125.2 

125.9 

126.6 

180 

127.3 

128.0 

128.7 

129.4 

130. 1 

130.8 

131-5 

132.2 

132.9 

133-6 

190 

1344 

I35-I 

135-8 

136.5 

137.2 

137.9 

138.6 

139-3 

140.0 

140.7 

200 

1414 

142. 1 

142.8 

143-5 

144.2 

145.0 

145.7 

146.4 

147-1 

147.8 

Form  for  Computing  the  Numerator  and  Denominator. 


Directions. 

E 

W 

N 

NE 

SIV 

SE 

NW 

i 

Observed  values. 

7 

12 

6 

26 

13 

45 

2 

24 

E- W 

N-S 

NE-SW 

SE  —  NW 

[  -5  ] 

[  -*>  ] 

[-  32 J  x  cos  450 

[—  22]  x  cos  450 

Numerator^). 

+ 

1 — 1 

10 

1 

1 _ 1 

[  -22.6  ]  + 

[  -15.6  ]  = 

[-43-2] 

Denominator^). 

[  —20  ]  +  [  —22.6  ]  — 

[  -.5.6  ]  = 

[-27.0] 

a  is  the  angle  between  the  mean  wind  direction  and  the  meridian. 

The  signs  of  the  numerator  ( n )  and  denominator  ( d )  determine  the  quadrant  in  which  a  lies. 
When  n  and  d  are  positive,  a  lies  between  N  and  E : 


~  =  NE. 
—  =  SE. 


When  n  is  positive  and  d  negative,  a  lies  between  S  and  E  : 

When  n  and  d  are  negative,  a  lies  between  S  and  W  :  — =  SIV. 

When  n  is  negative  and  d  positive,  a  lies  between  N  and  W  :  —  =  NW . 


Table  41 


MEAN  DIRECTION  OF  THE  WIND  BY  LAMBERT’S  FORMULA. 
Values  of  the  mean  direction  (a)  or  its  complement  (900— a), 
a  —  tan- 1  nfd 


1 

n 

DENOMINATOR  OR  NUMERATOR  ( d  OR  n). 

d. 

10 

15 

20 

25 

30 

35 

40 

45 

50 

55 

60 

65 

70 

75 

80 

85 

90 

95 

100 

1 

6° 

4° 

3° 

2° 

2° 

2° 

i° 

i° 

i° 

i° 

i° 

i° 

i° 

i° 

i° 

i° 

i° 

i° 

ip 

2 

11 

8 

6 

5 

4 

3 

3 

3 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

3 

17 

11 

9 

7 

6 

5 

4 

4 

3 

3 

3 

3 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

4 

22 

15 

11 

9 

8 

7 

6 

5 

5 

4 

4 

4 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

2 

2 

5 

27 

18 

14 

11 

9 

8 

7 

6 

6 

5 

5 

4 

4 

4 

4 

3 

3 

3 

3 

6 

3i 

22 

17 

13 

11 

10 

9 

8 

7 

6 

6 

5 

5 

5 

4 

4 

4 

4 

3 

7 

35 

25 

19 

16 

13 

11 

10 

9 

8 

7 

7 

6 

6 

5 

5 

5 

4 

4 

4 

8 

39 

28 

22 

18 

15 

13 

11 

10 

9 

8 

8 

7 

7 

6 

6 

5 

5 

5 

5 

9 

42 

3i 

24 

20 

17 

14 

13 

11 

10 

9 

9 

8 

7 

7 

6 

6 

6 

5 

5 

10 

45 

34 

27 

22 

18 

16 

14 

13 

11 

10 

9 

9 

8 

8 

7 

7 

6 

6 

6 

11 

36 

29 

24 

20 

17 

15 

14 

12 

11 

10 

10 

9 

8 

8 

7 

7 

7 

6 

12 

39 

3i 

26 

22 

19 

17 

15 

13 

12 

11 

10 

10 

9 

9 

8 

8 

7 

7 

13 

4i 

33 

27 

23 

20 

18 

16 

15 

13 

12 

11 

11 

10 

9 

9 

8 

8 

7 

14 

43 

35 

29 

25 

22 

19 

1 7 

16 

14 

13 

12 

11 

11 

10 

9 

9 

8 

8 

15 

45 

37 

31 

27 

23 

21 

18 

17 

15 

14 

13 

12 

11 

11 

10 

9 

9 

9 

16 

39 

33 

28 

25 

22 

20 

18 

16 

15 

14 

13 

12 

11 

11 

10 

10 

9 

17 

40 

34 

30 

26 

23 

21 

19 

17 

16 

15 

14 

13 

12 

11 

11 

10 

10 

18 

42 

36 

3i 

27 

24 

22 

20 

18 

17 

15 

14 

13 

13 

12 

11 

11 

10 

19 

44 

37 

32 

28 

25 

23 

21 

19 

18 

16 

15 

14 

13 

13 

12 

11 

11 

20 

45 

39 

34 

30 

27 

24 

22 

20 

18 

17 

16 

15 

14 

13 

13 

12 

11 

21 

40 

35 

3i 

28 

25 

23 

21 

19 

18 

17 

16 

15 

14 

13 

12 

12 

22 

4i 

36 

32 

29 

26 

24 

22 

20 

19 

17 

16 

15 

15 

14 

13 

12 

23 

43 

37 

33 

30 

27 

25 

23 

21 

19 

18 

17 

16 

15 

14 

14 

13 

24 

44 

39 

34 

3i 

28 

26 

24 

22 

20 

19 

18 

17 

16 

15 

14 

13 

25 

45 

40 

36 

32 

29 

27 

24 

23 

21 

20 

18 

17 

16 

16 

15 

14 

26 

41 

37 

33 

30 

27 

25 

23 

22 

20 

19 

18 

17 

16 

15 

15 

27 

42 

38 

34 

3i 

28 

26 

24 

22 

21 

20 

19 

18 

17 

16 

15 

28 

43 

39 

35 

32 

29 

27 

25 

23 

22 

20 

19 

18 

17 

16 

16 

29 

44 

40 

36 

33 

30 

28 

26 

24 

23 

21 

20 

19 

18 

17 

16 

30 

45 

4i 

37 

34 

3i 

29 

27 

25 

23 

22 

21 

19 

18 

18 

17 

3i 

42 

38 

35 

32 

29 

27 

25 

24 

22 

21 

20 

19 

18 

17 

32 

42 

39 

35 

33 

30 

28 

26 

25 

23 

22 

21 

20 

19 

18 

33 

43 

40 

36 

33 

3i 

29 

27 

25 

24 

22 

21 

20 

19 

18 

34 

44 

40 

37 

34 

32 

30 

28 

26 

24 

23 

22 

21 

20 

19 

35 

45 

4i 

38 

35 

32 

30 

28 

27 

25 

24 

22 

21 

20 

19 

36 

42 

39 

36 

33. 

3i 

29 

27 

26 

24 

23 

22 

21 

20 

37 

43 

39 

37 

34 

32 

30 

28 

26 

25 

24 

22 

21 

20 

38 

44 

40 

37 

35 

32 

30 

28 

27 

25 

24 

23 

22 

21 

39 

44 

4i 

38 

35 

33 

3i 

29 

27 

26 

25 

23 

22 

21 

40 

45 

42 

39 

36 

34 

32 

30 

28 

27 

25 

24 

23 

22 

4i 

42 

39 

37 

34 

32 

30 

29 

27 

26 

24 

23 

22 

42 

43 

40 

37 

35 

33 

3i 

29 

28 

26 

25 

24 

23 

43 

44 

4i 

38 

36 

33 

32 

30 

28 

27 

26 

24 

23 

44 

44 

4i 

39 

36 

34 

32 

30 

29 

27 

26 

25 

24 

45 

45 

42 

39 

37 

35 

33 

3i 

29 

28 

27 

25 

24 

46 

43 

40 

37 

35 

33 

32 

30 

28 

27 

26 

25 

47 

43 

4i 

38 

36 

34 

32 

30 

29 

28 

26 

25 

48 

44 

4i 

39 

36 

34 

33 

3i 

29 

28 

27 

26 

49 

44 

42 

39 

37 

35 

33 

3i 

30 

29 

27 

26 

50 

45 

42 

40 

38 

36 

34 

32 

30 

29 

28 

27 

Smithsonian  Tables 


72 


Table  41 


MEAN  DIRECTION  OF  THE  WIND  BY  LAMBERT'S  FORMULA. 


Values  of  the  mean  direction  (a)  or  its  complement  (900  —  a). 


n  or  d. 

DENOMINATOR  OR  NUMERATOR  (d  OR  fl). 

105 

no 

115 

120 

125 

130 

135 

140 

145 

150 

\ 

i° 

i° 

o° 

o° 

o° 

o° 

o° 

o° 

o° 

o° 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

3 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

4 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

5 

3 

3 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

6 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

2 

2 

2 

7 

4 

4 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

8 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

3 

3 

3 

3 

9 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

3 

10 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

11 

6 

6 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

4 

4 

4 

12 

7 

6 

6 

6 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

13 

7 

7 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

5 

5 

5 

14 

8 

7 

7 

7 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

5 

15 

8 

8 

7 

7 

7 

7 

6 

6 

6 

6 

16 

9 

8 

8 

8 

7 

7 

7 

7 

6 

6 

17 

9 

9 

8 

8 

8 

7 

7 

7 

7 

6 

18 

10 

9 

9 

9 

8 

8 

8 

7 

7 

7 

19 

10 

10 

9 

9 

9 

8 

8 

8 

7 

7 

20 

11 

10 

10 

9 

9 

9 

8 

8 

8 

8 

21 

11 

11 

10 

10 

10 

9 

9 

9 

8 

8 

22 

12 

11 

11 

10 

10 

10 

9 

9 

9 

8 

23 

12 

12 

11 

11 

10 

10 

10 

9 

9 

9 

|  24 

13 

12 

12 

11 

11 

10 

10 

10 

9 

9 

25 

13 

*3 

12 

12 

11 

11 

10 

10 

10 

9 

26 

14 

13 

13 

12 

12 

11 

11 

11 

10 

10 

27 

14 

14 

13 

13 

12 

12 

11 

11 

11 

10 

28 

15 

14 

14 

13 

13 

12 

12 

11 

11 

11 

29 

15 

15 

14 

14 

13 

13 

12 

12 

11 

11 

30 

16 

15 

15 

14 

13 

13 

13 

12 

12 

11 

3i 

16 

16 

15 

14 

14 

13 

13 

12 

12 

12 

32 

17 

16 

16 

15 

14 

14 

13 

13 

12 

12 

33 

17 

17 

16 

15 

15 

14 

14 

13 

13 

12 

34 

18 

17 

16 

16 

15 

15 

14 

14 

13 

13 

35 

18 

18 

17 

16 

16 

15 

15 

14 

14 

13 

36 

19 

18 

17 

17 

16 

15 

15 

14 

14 

13 

37 

19 

19 

18 

17 

16 

16 

15 

15 

14 

14 

38 

20 

19 

18 

18 

17 

16 

16 

15 

15 

14 

39 

20 

20 

19 

18 

17 

17 

16 

16 

15 

15 

40 

21 

20 

19 

18 

18 

17 

17 

16 

15 

15 

4i 

21 

20 

20 

19 

18 

18 

17 

16 

16 

15 

42 

22 

21 

20 

19 

19 

18 

17 

17 

16 

16 

43 

22 

21 

21 

20 

19 

18 

18 

17 

17 

16 

44 

23 

22 

21 

20 

19 

19 

18 

17 

17 

16 

45 

23 

22 

21 

21 

20 

19 

18 

18 

17 

17 

46 

24 

23 

22 

21 

20 

19 

19 

18 

18 

17 

47 

24 

23 

22 

21 

21 

20 

19 

19 

18 

17 

48 

25 

24 

23 

22 

21 

20 

20 

19 

18 

18 

49 

25 

24 

23 

22 

21 

21 

20 

19 

19 

18 

50 

25 

24 

23 

23  | 

22 

21 

20 

20 

19 

18 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


73 


Table  41 


MEAN  DIRECTION  OF  THE  WIND  BY  LAMBERT’S  FORMULA. 


Values  of  the  mean  direction  (a)  or  its  complement  (900  —  a). 


n  or  d. 

DENOMINATOR  OR  NUMERATOR  (d  OR  7l). 

155 

160 

165 

170 

175 

180 

185 

190 

195 

200 

1 

o° 

o° 

o° 

o° 

o° 

o° 

o° 

o° 

o° 

o° 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

3 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

4 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

5 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

1 

1 

6 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

7 

3 

3 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

8 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

2 

2 

2 

2 

9 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

10 

4 

4 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

11 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

12 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

3 

13 

5 

5 

5 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

14 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

15 

6 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

4 

4 

16 

6 

6 

6 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

17 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

18 

7 

7 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

5 

5 

19 

7 

7 

7 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

5 

20 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

21 

8 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

6 

6 

6 

6 

22 

8 

8 

8 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

6 

6 

23 

8 

8 

8 

8 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

24 

9 

9 

8 

8 

8 

8 

7 

7 

7 

7 

25 

9 

9 

9 

8 

8 

8 

8 

7 

7 

7 

26 

10 

9 

9 

9 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

7 

27 

10 

10 

9 

9 

9 

9 

8 

8 

8 

8 

28 

10 

10 

10 

9 

9 

9 

9 

8 

8 

8 

29 

11 

10 

10 

10 

9 

9 

9 

9 

8 

8 

30 

11 

11 

10 

10 

10 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

3i 

11 

11 

11 

10 

10 

10 

10 

9 

9 

9 

32 

12 

11 

11 

11 

10 

10 

10 

10 

9 

9 

33 

12 

12 

11 

11 

11 

10 

10 

10 

10 

9 

34 

12 

12 

12 

11 

11 

11 

10 

10 

10 

10 

35 

13 

12 

12 

12 

11 

11 

11 

10 

10 

10 

36 

13 

13 

12 

12 

12 

11 

11 

11 

10 

10 

37 

13 

13 

13 

12 

12 

12 

11 

11 

11 

10 

38 

14 

13 

13 

13 

12 

12 

12 

11 

11 

11 

39 

14 

14 

13 

13 

13 

12 

12 

12 

11 

11 

40 

14 

14 

14 

13 

13 

13 

12 

12 

12 

11 

4i 

15 

14 

14 

14 

13 

13 

12 

12 

12 

12 

42 

15 

15 

14 

14 

13 

13 

13 

12 

12 

12 

43 

16 

15 

15 

14 

14 

13 

13 

13 

12 

12 

44 

16 

15 

15 

15 

14 

14 

13 

13 

13 

12 

45 

16 

16 

15 

15 

14 

14 

14 

13 

13 

13 

46 

17 

16 

16 

15 

15 

14 

14 

14 

13 

13 

47 

17 

16 

16 

15 

15 

15 

14 

14 

14 

13 

48 

17 

17 

16 

16 

15 

15 

15 

14 

14 

13 

49 

18 

17 

17 

16 

16 

15 

15 

14 

14 

14 

50 

18 

17 

17 

16 

16 

16 

15 

15 

14 

14 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


74 


Table  4f 


MEAN  DIRECTION  OF  THE  WIND  BY  LAMBERT’S  FORMULA. 
Values  of  the  mean  direction  (a)  or  its  complement  (900  —  a). 


,  n 
a  =  tan-i  -• 

a 


» 


Smithsonian  Tables 


75 


Table  41 


MEAN  DIRECTION  OF  THE  WIND  BY  LAMBERT'S  FORMULA. 


Values  of  the  mean  direction  (a)  or  its  complement  (900— a). 


n 

or 

d. 

DENOMINATOR  OR 

NUMERATOR  ( d  OR  fl ). 

130 

135 

140 

145 

150 

155 

160 

165 

170 

175 

180 

185 

190 

f  93 

200 

50 

21° 

20° 

20° 

19° 

180 

180 

17° 

17° 

160 

160 

160 

15° 

15° 

i4° 

14° 

52 

22 

21 

20 

20 

19 

19 

18 

17 

17 

17 

16 

16 

15 

15 

15 

54 

22 

22 

21 

20 

20 

19 

19 

18 

18 

17 

17 

16 

16 

15 

15 

56 

23 

23 

22 

21 

20 

20 

19 

19 

18 

18 

17 

17 

16 

16 

16 

58 

24 

23 

23 

22 

21 

21 

20 

19 

19 

18 

18 

17 

17 

17 

16 

60 

25 

24 

23 

22 

22 

21 

21 

20 

19 

19 

18 

18 

18 

17 

17 

62 

25 

25 

24 

23 

22 

22 

21 

21 

20 

20 

19 

19 

18 

18 

17 

64 

26 

25 

25 

24 

23 

22 

22 

21 

21 

20 

20 

19 

19 

18 

18 

66 

27 

26 

25 

24 

24 

23 

22 

22 

21 

21 

20 

20 

19 

!9 

18 

68 

28 

27 

26 

25 

24 

24 

23 

22 

22 

21 

21 

30 

20 

19 

19 

70 

28 

27 

27 

26 

25 

24 

24 

23 

22 

22 

21 

21 

20 

20 

19 

72 

29 

28 

27 

26 

26 

25 

24 

24 

23 

22 

22 

21 

21 

20 

20 

74 

30 

29 

28 

27 

26 

26 

25 

24 

24 

23 

22 

22 

21 

21 

20 

76 

30 

29 

28 

28 

27 

26 

25 

25 

24 

23 

23 

22 

22 

21 

21 

78 

31 

30 

29 

28 

27 

27 

26 

25 

25 

24 

23 

23 

22 

22 

21 

80 

32 

31 

30 

29 

28 

27 

27 

26 

25 

25 

24 

23 

23 

22 

22 

82 

32 

31 

30 

29 

29 

28 

27 

26 

26 

25 

24 

24 

23 

23 

22 

84 

33 

32 

31 

30 

29 

28 

28 

27 

26 

26 

25 

24 

24 

23 

23 

86 

33 

32 

32 

3i 

30 

29 

28 

28 

27 

26 

26 

25 

24 

24 

23 

88 

34 

33 

32 

3i 

30 

30 

29 

28 

27 

27 

26 

25 

25 

24 

24 

90 

35 

34 

33 

32 

3i 

30 

29 

29 

28 

27 

27 

26 

25 

25 

24 

92 

35 

34 

33 

32 

32 

3i 

30 

29 

28 

28 

27 

26 

26 

25 

25 

94 

36 

35 

34 

33 

32 

3i 

30 

30 

29 

28 

28 

27 

26 

26 

25 

96 

36 

35 

34 

34 

33 

32 

3i 

30 

29 

29 

28 

27 

27 

26 

26 

98 

37 

36 

35 

34 

33 

32 

3i 

3i 

30 

29 

29 

28 

27 

27 

26 

100 

38 

37 

36 

35 

34 

33 

32 

3i 

30 

30 

29 

28 

28 

27 

27 

102 

38 

37 

36 

35 

34 

33 

33- 

32 

3i 

30 

30 

29 

28 

28 

27 

104 

39 

38 

37 

36 

35 

34 

33 

32 

3i 

3i 

30 

29 

29 

28 

27 

106 

39 

38 

37 

36 

35 

34 

34 

33 

32 

3i 

30 

30 

29 

29 

28 

108 

40 

39 

38 

37 

36 

35 

34 

33 

32 

32 

3i 

30 

30 

29 

28 

no 

40 

39 

38 

37 

36 

35 

35 

34 

33 

32 

3i 

31 

30 

29 

29 

112 

4i 

40 

39 

38 

37 

36 

35 

34 

33 

33 

32 

31 

3i 

30 

29 

114 

4i 

40 

39 

38 

37 

36 

35 

35 

34 

33 

32 

32 

3i 

30 

30 

116 

42 

4i 

40 

39 

38 

37 

36 

35 

34 

34 

33 

32 

3i 

3* 

30 

118 

42 

4i 

40 

39 

38 

37 

36 

36 

35 

34 

33 

33 

32 

3i 

3i 

120 

43 

42 

4i 

40 

39 

38 

37 

36 

35 

34 

34 

33 

32 

32 

3i 

122 

43 

42 

4i 

40 

39 

38 

37 

36 

36 

35 

34 

33 

33 

32 

3i 

124 

44 

43 

42 

4i 

40 

39 

38 

37 

36 

35 

35 

34 

33 

32 

32 

126 

44 

43 

42 

4i 

40 

39 

38 

37 

37 

36 

35 

34 

34 

33 

32 

128 

45 

43 

42 

4i 

40 

40 

39 

38 

37 

36 

35 

35 

34 

33 

33 

130 

45 

44 

43 

42 

4i 

40 

39 

38 

37 

37 

36 

35 

34 

34 

33 

132 

44 

43 

42 

4i 

40 

40 

39 

38 

37 

36 

35 

35 

34 

33 

134 

45 

44 

43 

42 

4i 

40 

39 

38 

37 

37 

36 

35 

34 

34 

136 

44 

43 

42 

41 

40 

39 

39 

38 

37 

36 

36 

35 

34 

138 

45 

44 

43 

42 

4i 

40 

39 

38 

37 

37 

36 

35 

35 

140 

45 

44 

43 

42 

4i 

40 

39 

39 

38 

37 

36 

36 

35 

142 

44 

43 

42 

42 

4i 

40 

39 

38 

38 

37 

36 

35 

144 

45 

44 

43 

42 

4i 

40 

39 

39 

38 

37 

36 

36 

146 

44 

43 

42 

42 

4i 

40 

39 

38 

38 

37 

36 

148 

45 

44 

43 

42 

4i 

40 

39 

39 

38 

37 

37 

150 

45 

44 

43 

42 

4i 

4i 

40 

39 

38 

38 

37 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


76 


Table  42. 

RADIUS  OF  CRITICAL  CURVATURE  AND  VELOCITIES  OF  GRADIENT 
WINDS  FOR  FRICTIONLESS  MOTION  IN  HIGHS  AND  LOWS . 

English  Measures. 

Rc  =  radius  of  critical  curvature  in  miles.  Vc  High  =  maximum  speed  in  miles  per  hour  on 
isobar  of  critical  curvature.  Vs  =  speed  along  straight  line  isobars  =  0.5  Vc.  V  Low  =  speed  in 
Low  along  isobar  of  curvature  Rc.  V  Low  =  0.4142  V c- 
The  table  is  computed  for  a  density  of  the  air,  p  =  .0010,  which  represents  the  conditions 
in  the  free  air  at  an  elevation  of,  roughly,  one  mile.  Values  for  any  other  density  can  be  readily 
found  by  dividing  each  or  any  of  the  tabulated  values  by  the  ratio  of  the  densities,  as,  for  ex¬ 
ample,  for  surface  conditions  divide  by  1.2  =  '°QI°  and  so  on. 

^  .0012 


Lati- 

d  (miles) 

tude: 

<P 

100 

125 

1  50 

1  75 

200 

250 

300 

400 

500 

600 

800 

IO° 

Rr. 

8160 

6530 

5440 

4660 

4080 

3260 

2720 

2040 

1630 

1360 

1020 

Vc  High 

372 

298 

248 

212 

186 

149 

124 

93- 0 

74-4 

62.0 

46.5 

Vs 

186 

149 

124 

106 

93-o 

74-4 

62.0 

46.5 

37-2 

31.0 

23.2 

V  Low 

154 

123 

103 

88.0 

77.0 

61.6 

51-3 

38.5 

30.8 

25-7 

19.  2 

20 

Rc 

2100 

1680 

1400 

1200 

1050 

841 

701 

526 

420 

350 

263 

Vc  High 

189 

151 

126 

108 

94-4 

75-5 

62.9 

47-2 

37-8 

31-5 

23.6 

Vs 

94.4 

75-5 

62.9 

54-0 

47.2 

37-8 

31-4 

23.6 

18.9 

15-8 

11. 8 

V  Low 

78.  2 

62.5 

52.1 

44-7 

39- 1 

3i-3 

26. 1 

19.6 

157 

130 

9.8 

25 

Rc 

1380 

1100 

918 

787 

688 

55i 

459 

344 

275 

230 

172 

Vc  High 

153 

122 

102 

87-3 

76.4 

61. 1 

50.9 

38.2 

30.6 

25-5 

19. 1 

Vs 

76.4 

61. 1 

50.9 

43-6 

38.  2 

30.6 

25-4 

19. 1 

15-3 

12.8 

9-5 

V  Low 

63- 3 

50.6 

42.  2 

36.  2 

31.6 

25-3 

21. 1 

15.3 

12.7 

10. 6 

7-9 

30 

Rc 

984 

787 

656 

562 

492 

393 

328 

246 

197 

164 

123 

Vc  High 

129 

103 

86. 1 

73-8 

64-5 

51.6 

43-o 

32.3 

25.8 

21.5 

16. 1 

Vs 

64- 5 

51.6 

43- 0 

36.9 

32.2 

25.8 

21.5 

16.  2 

12.9 

10.  8 

8.1 

V  Low 

53-5 

42.8 

35-7 

30.6 

26.  7 

21.4 

17.8 

13-4 

10.  7 

8.9 

6.7 

35 

Rc 

747 

.598 

498 

427 

374 

299 

249 

187 

150 

12s 

93-4 

Vc  High 

112 

90. 0 

75-o 

64-3 

56.3 

45-o 

37-5 

28. 1 

22.5 

18.8 

14. 1 

Vs 

56.3 

45-o 

37-5 

32.2 

28.  2 

22.5 

18. 8 

14.0 

11.  2 

9-4 

7.0 

V  Low 

46.6 

37-3 

3ii 

26.6 

23-3 

18.6 

15-5 

11. 6 

9-3 

7-8 

5-8 

40 

Rc 

595 

476 

397 

340 

298 

238 

198 

149 

119 

99.2 

74-4 

Vc  High 

100 

80.3 

66.9 

57-4 

50.  2 

40.  2 

33-5 

25- 1 

20. 1 

16.7 

12.6 

Vs 

50.  2 

40.  2 

33-4 

28.  7 

25-1 

20. 1 

16.8 

12.6 

10. 0 

8.4 

6-3 

V  Low 

41.6 

33-3 

27.7 

23.8 

20.  8 

16.7 

13-9 

10. 4 

8.3 

6.9 

5-2 

45 

Rc 

492 

393 

328 

281 

246 

197 

164 

123 

98.4 

82.0 

61.5 

Vc  High 

91-3 

73-o 

60.9 

52.  2 

45-6 

36.5 

30-4 

22.8 

18.3 

15-2 

11. 4 

Vs 

45-6 

36.5 

30.4 

26. 1 

22.8 

18.  2 

15.2 

11. 4 

9.2 

7.6 

5-7 

V  Low 

37-3 

30.  2 

25.2 

21.6 

18.9 

151 

12. 6 

9-4 

7.6 

6.3 

4-7 

50 

Rc 

419 

335 

279 

240 

210 

168 

140 

105 

83.8 

69.9 

52.4 

Vc  High 

84-3 

67.4 

56.  2 

48.  2 

42. 1 

33-7 

28. 1 

21. 1 

16.9 

14. 0 

io-5 

Vs 

42.1 

33-7 

28. 1 

24. 1 

21.0 

16.8 

14. 0 

10. 6 

8.4 

7.0 

5-3 

V  Low 

34-9 

27.9 

23-3 

20. 0 

17-4 

14. 0 

11. 6 

8.7 

7.0 

5-8 

4.4 

55 

Rc 

366 

293 

244 

209 

183 

147 

122 

91.6 

73-3 

61. 1 

45-8 

Vc  High 

78.8 

63.0 

52.5 

45-o 

39-4 

31-5 

26.3 

19.7 

15.8 

13  1 

9.8 

Vs 

39-4 

31-5 

26.  2 

22. 5 

19.  7 

15-8 

13.2 

9.8 

7-9 

6. 6 

4-9 

V  Low 

32.6 

26. 1 

21. 7 

18.6 

16.3 

13.0 

10.9 

8.2 

6-5 

5-4 

4.1 

60 

Rc 

328 

262 

219 

187 

164 

131 

109 

82.0 

65-6 

54-7 

41.0 

Vc  High 

74-5 

59-6 

49-  7 

42. 6 

37-3 

29.8 

24. 8 

18.6 

14.9 

12.4 

9-3 

Vs 

37-3 

29.8 

24.8 

21.3 

18.6 

14.9 

12.4 

9-3 

7-4 

6.  2 

4-7 

V  Low 

30- 9 

24.7 

20.  6 

17.6 

I5-S 

12.3 

10.3 

7-7 

6.  2 

5-i 

3-9 

65 

Rc 

299 

240 

200 

171 

150 

120 

99.8 

74.8 

59-9 

49-9 

37-4 

Vc  High 

71.  2 

57 

47-5 

40.7 

35-6 

28.5 

23-7 

17.8 

14.  2 

11. 9 

8.9 

Vs 

35-6 

28.5 

23.8 

20.4 

17.8 

14.  2 

11. 8 

8.9 

7-i 

6. 0 

4-4 

V  Low 

29*5 

23.6 

19.7 

16.9 

14-7 

11. 8 

9.8 

7-4 

5-9 

4-9 

3-7 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


77 


Table  42. 

RADIUS  OF  CRITICAL  CURVATURE  AND  VELOCITIES  OF  GRADIENT 
WINDS  FOR  FRICTIONLESS  MOTION  IN  HIGHS  AND  LOWS . 

English  Measures. 


d  (miles) 


tude: 

<P 

100 

125 

150 

1  75 

200 

250 

300 

400 

500 

600 

800 

70° 

Rc 

278 

223 

186 

159 

139 

hi 

92. 8 

69.6 

55-7 

46 

4 

34 

8  1 

Vc 

High 

68.7 

55-o 

45-8 

39-3 

34-3 

27-5 

22.9 

17.2 

13-7 

11 

4 

8 

6 

Vs 

34-3 

27-5 

22.9 

19.6 

17.  2 

13.8 

11. 4 

8.6 

6.8 

5 

7 

4 

3 

V 

Low 

28.5 

22. 8 

19.0 

16.3 

14.2 

n.4 

9-5 

7- 1 

5-7 

4 

7 

3 

6 

75 

Rc 

264 

211 

176 

151 

132 

105 

87.9 

65-9 

52.7 

43 

9 

33 

0 

Vc 

High 

66.8 

53-5 

44.6 

38.  2 

33-4 

26.  7 

22.3 

16.7 

13-4 

11 

1 

8 

4 

Vs 

33-4 

26.8 

22.3 

19. 1 

16.  7 

13-4 

11. 2 

8-4 

6.7 

5 

6 

4 

2 

V 

Low 

27.7 

22.  2 

18.5 

15-8 

13.8 

11. 1 

9.2 

6.9 

5-6 

4 

6 

3 

5 

80 

Rc 

254 

203 

169 

145 

127 

101 

84-5 

63- 4 

50.7 

42 

3 

3i 

7 

vc 

High 

65- 5 

52.4 

43-7 

37-5 

32.8 

26.  2 

21.8 

16.4 

13- 1 

10 

9 

8 

2 

Vs 

32.8 

26.  2 

21.8 

18.8 

16. 4 

13  1 

10. 9 

8.2 

6.6 

5 

4 

4 

1 

V 

Low 

27.1 

21.7 

18. 1 

15-5 

13.6 

10. 9 

9.0 

6.8 

5-4 

4 

5 

3 

4 

85 

Rc 

248 

198 

165 

142 

124 

99.1 

82.6 

62.0 

49.6 

4i 

3 

3i 

0 

vc 

High 

64.8 

51.8 

43-  2 

37-o 

32.4 

25-9 

21.6 

16.  2 

13.0 

10 

8 

8 

1 

Vs 

32.4 

25-9 

21. 6 

18.5 

16.  2 

13.0 

10.  8 

8.1 

6-5 

5 

4 

4 

0 

V 

Low 

26.8 

21.5 

17.9 

15-3 

13-4 

10.  7 

8.9 

6.7 

5-4 

4 

5 

3 

4 

90 

Rc 

246 

197 

164 

140 

123 

98.4 

82.0 

61.5 

49.  2 

4i 

0 

30 

7 

vc 

High 

64.6 

51. 6 

43-o 

36.9 

32.3 

25.8 

21.5 

16. 1 

12.9 

10 

8 

8 

1 

Vs 

32.3 

25-8 

21.5 

18.4 

16.  2 

12.9 

10. 8 

8.0 

6.4 

5 

4 

4 

0 

V 

Low 

26.8 

21.4 

17.8 

15-3 

13-4 

10.7 

8.9 

6.7 

5-3 

4 

5 

3 

3 

Table  43. 

RADIUS  OF  CRITICAL  CURVATURE  AND  VELOCITIES  OF  GRADIENT 
WINDS  FOR  FRICTIONLESS  MOTION  IN  HIGHS  AND  LOWS. 

Metric  Measures. 

Rc  =  radius  of  critical  curvature  in  kilometers.  Vc  High  =  maximum  speed  in  meters  per 
second  on  isobar  of  critical  curvature.  Vs  =  speed  along  straight  line  isobars  =  0.5  Vc.  V  Low  = 
speed  in  Low  along  isobar  of  curvature  Rc.  V  Low  =  0.4142  Vc. 

The  remarks  in  heading  of  Table  42  relative  to  the  density  of  the  air  apply  equally  to  Table  43. 


Lati- 

d  (kilometers) 

tude: 

<?> 

100 

125 

1  50 

1  75 

200 

250 

300 

400 

500 

600 

800 

IO° 

Rc 

8330 

6660 

5550 

4760 

4160 

3330 

2780 

2080 

1670 

1390 

1040 

Vc  High 

105 

84-3 

70.  2 

60.  2 

52.7 

42. 1 

35-i 

26.3 

21. 1 

17.6 

13.2 

Vs 

52.7 

42.  2 

35-i 

30. 1 

26.4 

21.0 

17.6 

13.  2 

10. 6 

8.8 

6.6 

V  Low 

43-5 

34-9 

29. 1 

24.9 

21.8 

17.4 

14-5 

10. 9 

8-7 

7-3 

5-5 

20 

Rc 

2140 

1710 

1430 

1220 

1070 

857 

714 

536 

429 

357 

268 

Vc  High 

53-5 

42. 8 

35-6 

30-5 

26.  7 

21.4 

17.8 

13-4 

10.  7 

8.9 

6.7 

Vs 

26.  7 

21.4 

17.8 

i5-  2 

13-4 

10.  7 

8.9 

6.7 

5-4 

4.4 

3-4 

V  Low 

22.  2 

17.7 

14.7 

12.6 

11. 1 

8.9 

7-4 

5-6 

4-4 

3-7 

2.8 

25 

R‘  , 

1400 

1120 

936 

802 

702 

562 

468 

35i 

281 

234 

175 

Vc  High 

43-3 

34-6 

28.8 

24.7 

21.6 

17-3 

14.4 

10. 8 

8-7 

7.2 

5-4 

Vs 

21.6 

17-3 

14.4 

12.4 

10. 8 

8.6 

7.2 

5-4 

4.4 

3-6 

2-7 

V  Low 

17.9 

14-3 

11. 9 

10.  2 

8.9 

7.2 

6.0 

4-5 

3-6 

3-o 

2.  2 

30 

Rc 

1003 

802 

669 

573 

501 

401 

334 

251 

201 

167 

125 

Vc  High 

36.6 

29- 3 

24.4 

20. 9 

18.3 

14.6 

12. 2 

9.1 

7-3 

6. 1 

4.6 

Vs 

18.3 

14.6 

12.  2 

10. 4 

9.  2 

7-3 

6. 1 

4.6 

3-6 

3-o 

2.3 

V  Low 

15-2 

12. 1 

10. 1 

8-7 

7.6 

6.0 

5-i 

3-8 

3-o 

2-5 

1.9 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


78 


Table  43. 

RADIUS  OF  CRITICAL  CURVATURE  AND  VELOCITIES  OF  GRADIENT 
WINDS  FOR  FRICTIONLESS  MOTION  IN  HIGHS  AND  LOWS . 

Metric  Measures. 


Lati¬ 
tude  : 
<*> 

d  (kilometers) 

100 

125 

150 

1  75 

200 

250 

300 

400 

500 

600 

800 

35° 

Rc 

High 

762 

610 

508 

435 

381 

305 

254 

191 

152 

127 

95- 

3 

Vc 

31-9 

25-5 

21.3 

18.  2 

15-9 

12.8 

10. 6 

8.0 

6.4 

5-3 

4- 

0 

Vs 

15-9 

12.8 

10. 6 

9.1 

8.0 

6.4 

5-3 

4.0 

3-2 

2.6 

2. 

0 

V 

Low 

13.2 

10. 6 

8.8 

7-5 

6.6 

5-3 

4-4 

3-3 

2.7 

2. 2 

1. 

7 

40 

Rc 

607 

485 

405 

347 

303 

243 

202 

152 

121 

101 

75- 

8 

Vc 

High 

28.4 

22.8 

19.0 

16.  3 

14.  2 

11. 4 

9-5 

7- 1 

5-7 

4-7 

3- 

6 

Vs 

14.  2 

11. 4 

9-5 

8.2 

7- 1 

5-7 

4-8 

3-6 

2.8 

2.4 

1. 

8 

V 

Low 

11. 8 

9-4 

7-9 

6.8 

5-9 

4-7 

3-9 

2.9 

2.4 

1.9 

1. 

5 

45 

Rc 

501 

401 

334 

287 

251 

201 

167 

125 

100 

83.6 

62. 

7 

Vc 

High 

25-9 

20.  7 

17. 2 

14.  8 

12.9 

10.3 

8.6 

6-5 

5-2 

4-3 

3- 

2 

Vs 

12.9 

10. 4 

8.6 

7-4 

6.4 

5-2 

4-3 

3-2 

2.6 

2. 2 

1. 

6 

V 

Low 

10.  7 

8.6 

7- 1 

6. 1 

5-3 

4-3 

3-6 

2.7 

2. 2 

1.8 

1. 

3 

50 

Rc 

427 

342 

285 

244 

214 

171 

142 

107 

85.5 

71. 2 

53- 

4 

vc 

High 

23 -9 

19. 1 

15-9 

13.6 

11. 9 

9-5 

8.0 

6.0 

4.8 

4.0 

3- 

0 

Vs 

11. 9 

9.6 

8.0 

6.8 

6.0 

4-8 

4.0 

3-0 

2.4 

2.0 

1. 

5 

V 

Low 

9.9 

7-9 

6. 6 

5-6 

4-9 

3-9 

3-3 

2-5 

2.0 

i-7 

1. 

2 

55 

Rc 

High 

374 

299 

249 

213 

187 

149 

125 

93-4 

74-7 

62.3 

46. 

7 

vc 

22.3 

17.9 

14.9 

12.8 

11. 2 

8.9 

7-4 

5-6 

4-5 

3-7 

2. 

8 

Vs 

11.  2 

9.0 

7-4 

6.4 

5-6 

4-4 

3-7 

2.8 

2.  2 

1.8 

1. 

4 

V 

Low 

9.2 

7-4 

6.  2 

5-3 

4.6 

3-7 

3-i 

2-3 

1.9 

1-5 

1. 

2 

6o 

Rc 

334 

267 

223 

191 

167 

134 

hi 

83.6 

66.9 

55-7 

4i. 

8 

Vc 

High 

21. 1 

16.9 

14. 1 

12. 1 

10. 6 

8-4 

7.0 

5-3 

4.  2 

3-5 

2. 

6 

Vs 

10. 6 

.  8.4 

7.0 

6.0 

5-3 

4.2 

3-5 

2.6 

2. 1 

1.8 

1. 

3 

V 

Low 

8-7 

7.0 

5-8 

5-o 

4.4 

3-5 

2.9 

2.  2 

i-7 

1.4 

1. 

1 

65 

Rc 

305 

244 

204 

174 

153 

122 

102 

76.3 

61.0 

50- 9 

38. 

.  2 

Vc 

High 

20.  2 

16. 1 

13-4 

11. 5 

10. 1 

8.1 

6.7 

5-o 

4.0 

3-4 

2. 

•5 

Vs 

10. 1 

8.0 

6.7 

5-8 

5-o 

4.0 

3-4 

2.5 

2.0 

i-7 

1. 

.  2 

V 

Low 

8.4 

6.7 

5-6 

4-8 

4.  2 

3-4 

2.8 

2. 1 

i-7 

1.4 

1 

.  0 

70 

Rc 

284 

227 

189 

162 

142 

114 

94.6 

71.0 

56.8 

47-3 

35 

■5 

Vc 

High 

19-  5 

15.6 

13.0 

11. 1 

9-7 

7-8 

6-5 

4-9 

3-9 

3-2 

2, 

•4 

Vs 

9-7 

7-8 

6-5 

5-6 

4-8 

3-9 

3-2 

2.4 

2.0 

1.6 

1 

.  2 

V 

Low 

8.  1 

6-5 

5-4 

4.6 

4.0 

3-2 

2.7 

2.0 

1.6 

1.3 

1 

.0 

75 

Rc 

269 

215 

179 

154 

134 

107 

89. 6 

67 . 2 

53-7 

44.8 

33 

.6 

Vc 

High 

18.9 

151 

12.  6 

10. 8 

9-5 

7.6 

6-3 

4-7 

3-8 

3-2 

2 

•4 

Vs 

9-5 

7.6 

6-3 

5-4 

4-8 

3-8 

3-2 

2.4 

1.9 

i  .6 

1 

.  2 

V 

Low 

7-8 

6-3 

5-2 

4-5 

3-9 

3.i 

2.6 

1.9 

1.6 

i-3 

1 

.  0 

80 

Rc 

259 

207 

172 

148 

129 

103 

86.2 

64.6 

5i-7 

43- 1 

32 

•3 

Vc  High 

18.6 

14.9 

12.4 

10. 6 

9-3 

7-4 

6.  2 

4.6 

3-7 

3- 1 

2 

•3 

Vs 

9-3 

7-4 

6.  2 

5  3 

4.6 

3-7 

3-i 

2-3 

1.8 

1.6 

1 

.  2 

V 

Low 

7-7 

6.  2 

5-i 

4.4 

3-9 

3-i 

2.6 

1.9 

i-5 

i-3 

1 

.  0 

85 

Rc 

253 

202 

168 

144 

126 

101 

84.  2 

63.2 

50-5 

42. 1 

3i 

.6 

vc 

High 

18.4 

14.7 

12.  2 

10.5 

9.2 

7-3 

6. 1 

4-6 

3-7 

3- 1 

2 

■3 

Vs 

9.2 

7-4 

6. 1 

5-2 

4.6 

3-6 

3-o 

2-3 

1.8 

1.6 

1 

.  2 

V 

Low 

7.6 

6. 1 

5-i 

4-3 

3-8 

3-o 

2-5 

1.9 

1.5 

i-3 

1 

.  0 

go 

Rc 

251 

201 

167 

143 

125 

100 

83.6 

62.  7 

5o- 1 

41.8 

3i 

•3 

vc 

High 

18.3 

14. 6 

12.2 

10. 4 

9.1 

7-3 

6. 1 

4.6 

3-7 

3-o 

2, 

•3 

Vs 

9. 1 

7-3 

6. 1 

5-2 

4.6 

3-6 

3-o 

2-3 

1.8 

i-5 

1 

.  2 

V 

Low 

7.6 

6.0 

5-i 

4-3 

3-8 

3-o 

2-5 

1.9 

i-5 

1.  2 

1 

.  0 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


79 


im  library 
OF  THE 

UNIVERSITY  Of  ILLINOIS 


REDUCTION  OF  TEMPERATURE  TO  SEA  LEVEL. 


English  measures . Table  44 

Metric  measures . Table  45 


Table  44. 

REDUCTION  OF  TEMPERATURE  TO  SEA  LEVEL. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Rate  of 
decrease 

1  temper 

differences 

between  the  temperature  at  any  altitude 

AND  AT  SEA  LEVEL. 

ature. 

1°F. 

for 

every 

ALTITUDE  IN 

FEET. 

100 

200 

300 

400 

500 

600 

700 

800 

900 

E0C0  2000 

3000 

4000 

5000 

Feet. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F-  ! 

F. 

F. 

F. 

F. 

200 

o?5o 

i?oo 

i-5o 

2?00 

2?5Q 

3°o° 

3-50 

4?oo 

4°5o 

5?oo| 

io?oo 

i5?oo 

20?00 

25?oo 

205 

0.49 

0.98 

1.46 

i-95 

2.44 

2.93 

3.4i 

3-90 

4-39 

4-88  | 

9.76 

14.63 

T9-5T 

24.39 

210 

0.48 

0.95 

1-43 

1.90 

2.38 

2.86 

3-33 

3.81 

4.29 

4.76 

9-52 

14.29 

19-05 

23.81 

215 

0.47 

0.93 

1.40 

1.86 

2-33 

2.79 

3.26 

3-72 

4.19 

4.65 

9-30 

13-95 

18.60 

23.26 

220 

o.45 

0.91 

1.36 

1.82 

2.27 

2-73 

3.18 

3-64 

4.09 

4-55 

9.09 

13-63 

18.18 

22.72 

230 

0-43 

0.87 

1.30 

1.74 

2.17 

2.61 

3-04 

3-48 

3-91 

4-35 

8.70 

13.04 

17-39 

21.74 

240 

0.42 

0.83 

1.25 

1.67 

2.08 

2.50 

2.92 

3-33 

3-75 

4.17 

8-33 

12.50 

16.67 

20.83 

250 

0.40 

0.80 

1.20 

1.60 

2.00 

2.40 

2.80 

3.20 

3.60 

4.00 

8.00 

12.00 

16.00 

20.00 

260 

0.38 

0.77 

I.I5 

1-54 

I.92 

2.31 

2.69 

3.08 

3*46 

3.85 

7.69 

n-54 

15.38 

19-23 

270 

0.37 

0.74 

1. 11 

1.48 

1.85 

2.22 

2.59 

2.96 

3-33 

3-70 

7.41 

11. 11 

14.81 

18.52 

280 

0.36 

0.71 

1.07 

1-43 

1.79 

2.14 

2.50 

2.86 

3.21 

3-57 

7.14 

10.71 

14.29 

17.86 

290 

0-34 

0.69 

1.03 

1.38 

1-73 

2.07 

2.41 

2.76 

3.10 

3-45 

6.90 

10.34 

13.79 

17.24 

300 

o-33 

0.67 

1. 00 

i-33 

I.67 

2.00 

2-33 

2.67 

3.00 

3-33 

6.67 

10.00 

13-33 

16.67 

310 

0.32 

0.65 

0.97 

1.29 

1. 6l 

1.94 

2.26 

2.58 

2.90 

3-23 

6.45 

9.68 

12.90 

16.13 

320 

0.31 

0.62 

0.94 

1-25 

1.56 

1.87 

2.19 

2.50 

2.81 

3.12 

6.25 

9-37 

12.50 

15.62 

340 

0.29 

0.59 

0.88 

1.18 

1.47 

1.76 

2.06 

2.35 

2.65 

2.94 

5-88 

8.82 

11.76 

14.71 

360 

0.28 

0.56 

0.83 

1. 11 

i-39 

1.67 

1.94 

2.22 

2.50 

2.78 

5.56 

8-33 

11. 11 

I3-89 

380 

0.26 

0.53 

0.79 

1.05 

1.32 

1.58 

1.84 

2.10 

2-37 

2.63 

5.26 

7.89 

10.53 

13.16 

400 

0.25 

0.50 

0-75 

1. 00 

1.25 

1.50 

1-75 

2.00 

2.25 

2.50 

5.00 

7-50 

10.00 

12.50 

420 

0.24 

0.48 

0.71 

0-95 

I-I9 

1-43 

1.67 

1.90 

2.14 

2.38 

4.76 

7.14 

9-52 

H.90 

440 

0.23 

0.45 

0.68 

0.91 

1. 14 

1.36 

i-59 

1.82 

2.05 

2.27 

4-55 

6.82 

9.09 

II.36 

460 

0.22 

o-43 

0.65 

0.87 

1.09 

1.30 

1.52 

1.74 

1.96 

2.17 

4-35 

6.52 

8.70 

IO.87 

480 

0.21 

0.42 

0.62 

0.83 

1.04 

1.25 

1.46 

1.67 

1.87 

2.08 

4.17 

6.25 

8-33 

IO.42 

500 

0. 20 

0.40 

0.60 

0.80 

1. 00 

1.20 

1.40 

1.60 

1.80 

2.00 

4.00 

6.00 

8.00 

10.00 

520 

0.19 

0.38 

0.58 

0.77 

0.96 

1. 15 

i-35 

1-54 

i-73 

1.92 

3.85 

5-77 

7.69 

9.62 

540 

0.19 

0.37 

0.56 

0.74 

o-93 

1. 11 

1.30 

1.48 

1.67 

1.85 

3-70 

5.56 

7-41 

9.26 

560 

0.18 

0.36 

o.54 

0.71 

0.89 

1.07 

1-25 

1-43 

1. 61 

1.79 

3-57 

5-36 

7.14 

8.93 

580 

0.17 

0.34 

0.52 

0.69 

0.86 

1.03 

1. 21 

1.38 

i-55 

1.72 

3-45 

5-17 

6.90 

8.62 

600 

0.17 

o-33 

0.50 

0.67 

0.83 

1. 00 

1.17 

i-33 

1.50 

1.67 

3-33 

5-oo 

6.67 

8.33 

620 

0.16 

0.32 

0.48 

0.65 

0.81 

0.97 

i- 13 

1.29 

i-45 

1. 61 

3.23 

4.84 

6-45 

8.06! 

650 

0.15 

0.31 

0.46 

0.62 

0.77 

0.92 

1.08 

1.23 

1.38 

i-54 

3.08 

4.62 

6.15 

7.69 

700 

0.14 

0.29 

0-43 

0-57 

0.71 

0.86 

1. 00 

1. 14 

1.29 

1-43 

2.86 

4.29 

5-7i 

7.14 

750 

0.13 

0.27 

0.40 

0-53 

0.67 

0.80 

0-93 

1.07 

1.20 

i-33 

2.67 

4.00 

5-33 

6.67! 

800 

0.12 

0.25 

0-37 

0.50 

0.62 

o.75 

0.87 

1. 00 

1. 12 

1-25 

2.50 

3-75 

5-oo 

6.25 

850 

0.12 

0.24 

0-35 

0.47 

0-59 

0.71 

0.82 

0.94 

1.06 

1. 18 

2.35 

3-53 

4.71 

5-88' 

900 

O.II 

0.22 

o.33 

0.44 

0.56 

0.67 

0.78 

0.89 

1. 00 

1. 11 

2.22 

3-33 

4.44 

5-56 

Tabular  values  are  to  be  added  to  the  observed  temperature  to  obtain 
the  temperature  at  sea  level. 


Smithsonian  Table*. 


82 


Table  45. 


REDUCTION  OF  TEMPERATURE  TO  SEA  LEVEL. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 


Rate  of 
decrease 
of 

temper 

ature. 


DIFFERENCES  BETWEEN  THE  TEMPERATURE  AT  ANY  AETITUDE 
AND  AT  SEA  EEVEE. 


ALTITUDE  IN  METERS. 


for 

every 

100 

200 

300 

400 

500 

600 

700 

800 

900 

1000 

2000 

3000 

m. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

c. 

100 

i?oo 

2?00 

3?oo 

4?oo 

5?oo 

6?oo 

7?oo 

8?oo 

9?oo 

io?oo 

20?00 

3o?oo 

102 

0.98 

I.96 

2.94 

3-92 

4.90 

5-88 

6.86 

7.84 

8.82 

9.80 

I9.61 

29.41 

104 

0.96 

I.92 

2.88 

3.85 

4.81 

5.77 

6-73 

7.69 

8.65 

9.62 

I9.23 

28.85 

106 

0.94 

I.89 

2.83 

3-77 

4.72 

5.66 

6.60 

7-55 

8.49 

9-43 

I8.87 

28.30 

108 

o-93 

1.85 

2.78 

3-7o 

4-63 

5-56 

6.48 

7.41 

8.33 

9.26 

18.52 

27.78 

no 

0.91 

1.82 

2-73 

3-64 

4-55 

5-45 

6.36 

7.27 

8.18 

9.09 

I8.l8 

27.27 

115 

0.87 

1.74 

2.61 

3-48 

4-35 

5.22 

6.09 

6.96 

7.83 

8.70 

17.39 

26.09 

120 

0.83 

I.67 

2.50 

3-33 

4.17 

5.00 

5.83 

6.67 

7-50 

8-33 

16.67 

25.00 

125 

0.80 

I.60 

2.40 

3-20 

4.00 

4.80 

5.60 

6.40 

7.20 

8.00 

16.00 

24.00 

130 

o.77 

1-54 

2.31 

3.08 

3-85 

4.62 

5.38 

6.15 

6.92 

7.69 

15.38 

23.08 

135 

0.74 

I.48 

2.22 

2.96 

3.70 

4-44 

5-i9 

5-93 

6.66 

7.41 

I4.8l 

22.22 

140 

0.71 

1-43 

2.14 

2.86 

3-57 

4.29 

5.00 

5.7i 

6.43 

7.14 

I4.29 

21.43 

145 

0.69 

1.38 

2.07 

2.76 

3-45 

4.14 

4-83 

5-52 

6.21 

6.90 

13-79 

20.69 

150 

0.67 

i-33 

2.00 

2.67 

3-33 

4.00 

4.67 

5-33 

6.00 

6.67 

13-33 

20.00 

155 

0.65 

1.29 

1.94 

2.58 

3-23 

3-87 

4*52 

5-i6 

5.81 

6-45 

12.90 

19-35 

160 

0.62 

1-25 

1.87 

2.50 

3.12 

3-75 

4-37 

5-oo 

5.62 

6.25 

12.50 

i8.75 

170 

0-59 

1.18 

1.76 

2-35 

2.94 

3-53 

4.12 

4.70 

5.29 

5-88 

II.76 

17.65 

180 

0.56 

1. 11 

1.67 

2.22 

2.78 

3-33 

3-89 

4.44 

5.00 

5.56 

II. II 

16.67 

190 

o-53 

1.05 

i.5« 

2.10 

2.63 

3-i6 

3-68 

4.21 

4-74 

5.26 

10.53 

15.79 

200 

0.50 

1. 00 

1.50 

2.00 

2.50 

3.00 

3-50 

4.00 

4-5o 

5.00 

10.00 

15.00 

210 

0.48 

0-95 

1-43 

1.90 

2.38 

2.86 

3-33 

3.81 

4.29 

4.76 

9.52 

14.29 

220 

0-45 

0.91 

1.36 

1.82 

2.27 

2-73 

3.i8 

3-64 

4.09 

4-55 

9.09 

13.64 

230 

0.43 

0.87 

1.30 

1.74 

2.17 

2.61 

3-04 

3-48 

3-9i 

4-35 

8.70 

13.04 

240 

0.42 

0.83 

1.25 

1.67 

2.08 

2.50 

2.92 

3-33 

3-75 

4.17 

8.33 

12.50 

250 

0.40 

0.80 

1.20 

1.60 

2.00 

2.40 

2.80 

3.20 

3.60 

4.00 

8.00 

12.00 

260 

0.38 

0.77 

1-I5 

i*54 

1.92 

2.31 

2.69 

3.08 

3-46 

3.85 

7.69 

n-54 

270 

0-37 

0.74 

1. 11 

1.48 

1.85 

2.22 

2-59 

2.96 

3-33 

3-70 

7.41 

11. 11 

280 

0.36 

0.71 

1.07 

1-43 

1.79 

2.14 

2.50 

2.86 

3.21 

3-57 

7.14 

10.71 

290 

0.34 

0.69 

1.03 

1.38 

1.72 

2.07 

2.41 

2.76 

3.10 

3-45 

6.90 

10.34 

3°° 

o-33 

0.67 

1. 00 

i-33 

1.67 

2.00 

2-33 

2.67 

3.00 

3-33 

6.67 

10.00 

320 

0.31 

0.62 

0.94 

1.25 

1.56 

1.87 

2.19 

2.50 

2.81 

3-12 

6  25 

9-37 

340 

0.29 

o.59 

0.88 

1.18 

1.47 

1.76 

2.06 

2-35 

2.65 

2.94 

5-88 

8.82 

360 

0.28 

0.56 

0.83 

1. 11 

I*39 

1.67 

1.94 

2.22 

2.50 

2.78 

5.56 

8.33 

380 

0.26 

0-53 

0.79 

1.05 

1.32 

1.58 

1.84 

2.10 

2-37 

2.63 

5.26 

7.89 

400 

0.25 

0.50 

0.75 

1. 00 

1.25 

1.50 

1.75 

2.00 

2.25 

2.50 

5.00 

7.50 

420 

0.24 

0.48 

0.71 

0-95 

1.19 

1-43 

1.67 

1.90 

2.14 

2.38 

4.76 

7.14 

440 

0.23 

o.45 

0.68 

0.91 

1. 14 

1.36 

1-59 

1.82 

2.05 

2.27 

4.55 

6.82 

460 

0.22 

o.43 

0.65 

0.87 

1.09 

1.30 

1.52 

1.74 

1.96 

2.17 

4-35 

6.52 

480 

0.21 

0.42 

0.62 

0.83 

1.04 

1.25 

1.46 

1.67 

1.87 

2.08 

4.17 

6.25 

500 

0.20 

0.40 

0.60 

0.80 

1. 00 

1.20 

1.40 

1.60 

1.80 

2.00 

4.00 

6.00 

Tabular  values  are  to  be  added  to  the  observed  temperature  to  obtain 
the  temperature  at  sea  level. 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


83 


Ml  l  IlitUHV 

01  Ml 

UNIVERSITY  Of  IUIK0IS 


BAROMETRICAL  TABLES. 


Reduction  of  the  barometer  to  standard  temperature  — 


English  measures . Table  46 

Metric  measures  . Table  47 


Reduction  of  the  mercurial  barometer  to  standard  gravity. 

Direct  reduction  from  local  to  standard  gravity  ....  Table  48 
Reduction  through  variation  with  latitude  — 


English  measures . Table  49 

Metric  measures . Table  50 


Determination  of  heights  by  the  barometer.  English  measures. 

Values  of  60368  (1  +  0.0010195  X  36)  log  -9- 9°  .  .  .  . 

B 

Term  for  temperature . 

Correction  for  gravity  and  weight  of  mercury . 

Correction  for  average  degree  of  humidity . 

Correction  for  the  variation  of  gravity  with  altitude  .  . 


Table  51 

Table  52 
Table  53 
Table  54 
Table  55 


Determination  of  heights  by  the  barometer  —  Metric  and  dynamic  measures. 


Values  of  18400  log. 


760 


Table  56 


Values  for  18400  log  . 

B 

Temperature  correction  factor . 

Temperature  correction  (0.00367 d  X  Z)  .  .  .  . 

Correction  for  humidity . 

Correction  for  humidity.  Auxiliary  to  Table  58  . 
Correction  for  gravity  and  weight  of  mercury  .  . 

Correction  for  the  variation  of  gravity  with  altitude 


Table  57 

Table  58 
Table  59 
Table  60 
Table  61 
Table  62 
Table  63 


Difference  of  height  corresponding  to  a  change  of  0.1  inch  in  the 

barometer  —  English  measures . Table  64 

Difference  of  height  corresponding  to  a  change  of  1  millimeter 

in  the  barometer  —  Metric  measures . Table  65 


Determination  of  heights  by  the  barometer. 
Formula  of  Babinet . 


Table  66 


Barometric  pressures  corresponding  to  the  temperature  of  the 
boiling  point  of  water  — 


English  measures . Table  67 

Metric  measures  . Table  68 


Table  46 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther- 

height  of  the  barometer  in  inches. 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

19.0 

19.5 

20.0 

20.5 

21.0 

21.5 

22.0 

22.5 

23.0 

23.5 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

0?0 

+0.050 

+O.051 

+O.052 

+O.053 

+0:055 

+0.056 

+O.057 

+O.059 

+0.060 

+O.061 

+0.5 

+O.049 

+O.050 

+O.05I 

+O.053 

+0.054 

+O.055 

+O.056 

+0.058 

+O.059 

+0.060 

1.0 

.048 

.049 

.050 

.052 

.053 

•054 

•055 

•057 

.058 

•059 

i-5 

.047 

.048 

.049 

.051 

.052 

•053 

•054 

.056 

-057 

.058 

2.0 

.046 

.047 

.049 

.050 

.051 

.052 

.053 

•055 

.056 

•057 

2-5 

.045 

.046 

.048 

.049 

.050 

.051 

.052 

•054 

•055 

.056 

3.0 

+O.044 

+O.046 

+0.047 

+O.048 

+0.049 

+O.050 

+O.051 

+O.053 

+O.054 

+O.055 

3-5 

.043 

.045 

.046 

.047 

.048 

.049 

.050 

.051 

.053 

•054 

4.0 

.043 

.044 

•045 

.046 

.047 

.048 

.049 

.050 

.052 

•053 

4-5 

.042 

•043 

.044 

•045 

.046 

.047 

.048 

.049 

.051 

.052 

5-0 

.041 

.042 

•043 

.044 

•045 

.046 

.047 

.048 

.049 

.051 

5.5 

+0.040 

+O.041 

+0.042 

+O.043 

+0.044 

+O.045 

+O.046 

+O.047 

+O.048 

+O.049 

6.o 

.039 

.040 

.041 

.042 

•043 

.044 

•045 

.046 

.047 

.048 

6.5 

.038 

•039 

.040 

.041 

.042 

•043 

.044 

•045 

.046 

.047 

7.0 

.037 

.038 

•039 

.040 

.041 

.042 

•043 

.044 

•045 

.046 

7-5 

.037 

.038 

.038 

•039 

.040 

.041 

.042 

•043 

.044 

•045 

8.0 

fO.036 

+O.037 

+O.O38 

+O.038 

+0.039 

+0.040 

+O.041 

+O.042 

+O.043 

+O.044 

8-5 

.035 

.036 

•037 

.038 

.038 

•039 

.040 

.041 

.042 

•043 

9.0 

.034 

.035 

.036 

.037 

.038 

.038 

•039 

.040 

.041 

.042 

9-5 

-033 

.034 

•035 

.036 

.037 

.037 

.038 

•039 

.040 

.041 

10.0 

.032 

•033 

•034 

•035 

.036 

.036 

.037 

.038 

•039 

.040 

10.5 

+O.031 

+O.032 

+O.O33 

+O.034 

+0.035 

+O.035 

+O.036 

+O.037 

+O.038 

+O.039 

11. 0 

.030 

.031 

.032 

•033 

•034 

.034 

.035 

.036 

-o 37 

.038 

II-5 

.030 

.030 

.031 

.032 

.033 

.034 

•034 

.035 

.036 

.037 

12.0 

.029 

.030 

.030 

.031 

.032 

•033 

•033 

.034 

.035 

.036 

12.5  ' 

.028 

.029 

.029 

.030 

.031 

.032 

.032 

•033 

.034 

-034 

13.0 

+0.027 

+0.028 

+0.028 

+0.029 

+0.030 

+O.031 

+O.03I 

+O.032 

+0.033 

+0.033 

13.5 

.026 

.027 

.028 

.028 

.029 

.030 

.030 

.031 

.032 

.032 

14.0 

.025 

.026 

.027 

.027 

.028 

.029 

.029 

.030 

.031 

.031 

1+5 

.024 

.025 

.026 

.026 

.027 

.028 

.028 

.029 

.030 

.030 

15.0 

.024 

.024 

.025 

.025 

.026 

.027 

.027 

.028 

.029 

.029 

15.5 

+O.023 

+O.023 

+0.024 

+0.024 

+0.025 

+0.026 

+0.026 

+O.027 

+0.027 

+0.028 

16.0 

.022 

.023 

.023 

.024 

.024 

.025 

.025 

.026 

.026 

.027 

16.5 

.021 

.022 

.022 

.023 

.023 

.024 

.024 

.025 

.025 

.026 

17.0 

.020 

.021 

.021 

.022 

.022 

.023 

.023 

.024 

.024 

.025 

17.5 

.OI9 

.020 

.020 

.021 

.021 

.022 

.022 

.023 

.023 

.024 

18.0 

+O.OI8 

+0.019 

+O.OI9 

+0.020 

+0.020 

+0.021 

+0.021 

+0.022 

+0.022 

+0.023 

18.5 

.017 

.018 

.Ol8 

.OI9 

.019 

.020 

.020 

.021 

.021 

.022 

19.0 

.017 

.017 

.018 

.Ol8 

.018 

.019 

.019 

.020 

.020 

.021 

19-5 

.Ol6 

.016 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.018 

.018 

.019 

.019 

.02c 

20.0 

.015 

.015 

.016 

.Ol6 

.016 

.017 

.017 

.Ol8 

.018 

.018 

20.5 

+0.014 

+0.014 

+0.015 

+0.015 

+0.016 

+O.Ol6 

+O.OI6 

+0.017 

+0.017 

+0.017 

21.0 

.013 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.015 

•  015 

.015 

.Ol6 

.016 

.016 

21.5 

.012 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.015 

.015 

.015 

22.0 

.Oil 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.014 

.014 

.014 

22.5 

.Oil 

.Oil 

•  Oil 

.Oil 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.013 

.013 

.013 

23.0 

+0.010 

+0.010 

+0.010 

+0.010 

+©.011 

+O.OII 

+0.01 1 

+0.012 

+0.012 

+0.012 

23-5 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.OIO 

.010 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.Oil 

.011 

.011 

24.0 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.OIO 

.010 

.010 

2+5 

.007 

.007 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.009 

.009 

.009 

25.0 

.006 

.006 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.008 

.008 

.008 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


86 


Table  46. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

HEIGHT  OE 

THE  BAROMETER  IN  INCHES. 

19.0 

19.5 

20.0 

20.5 

21.0 

21.5 

22.0 

22.5 

23.0 

23.5 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

25?5 

-ho.  005 

4-0.006 

4-0.006 

4-0.006 

4-0.006 

4-0.006 

4-0.006 

4-0.006 

4-0.007 

4-0.007 

26.0 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.006 

26.5 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.005 

27.0 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

27-5 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

28.0 

4-0.001 

4-0.001 

4-0.001 

4-0.001 

4-0.001 

4-0.001 

4-0.001 

4-0.001 

4-0.001 

4-0.001 

28.5 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

29.0 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

29-5 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

30.0 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

30.5 

-0.003 

—0.003 

-0.003 

-0.003 

—0.004 

—0.004 

—0.004 

—0.004 

—0.004 

—0.004 

3i-o 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

3i-5 

.005 

-005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

32.0 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

32.5 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

33.0 

—0.008 

—0.008 

—0.008 

—O.OOS 

—0.008 

—0.009 

—O.OO9 

—  O.OO9 

—0.009 

—O.OO9 

33-5 

.008 

.OO9 

.OO9 

.009 

.OO9 

.010 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.010 

.OIO 

34-o 

.OO9 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.010 

.Oil 

.011 

.011 

.Oil 

34-5 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.oil 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.OI3 

35-0 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.014 

35.5 

—0.012 

—0.012 

—0.012 

-O.OI3 

-0.013 

-O.OI3 

—0.014 

—0.014 

—0.014 

-0.015 

36.0 

.013 

.013 

•01-3 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.016 

36.5 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.Ol6 

.016 

.016 

.017 

37-0 

.014 

.015 

.015 

.Ol6 

.016 

.016 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.Ol8 

37-5 

.015 

.016 

.016 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.Ol8 

.Ol8 

.OI9 

.OI9 

38.0 

—O.Ol6 

—0.017 

—0.017 

—0.017 

—O.Ol8 

—O.Ol8 

—O.OI9 

—  O.OI9 

—0.020 

—0.020 

38.5 

.017 

.017 

.018 

.Ol8 

.OI9 

.019 

.020 

.020 

.021 

.021 

39-o 

.018 

.Ol8 

.019 

.OI9 

.020 

.020 

.021 

.021 

.022 

.022 

39-5 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.020 

.020 

.021 

.021 

.022 

.022 

.023 

.023 

40.0 

.020 

.020 

.021 

.021 

.022 

.022 

.023 

.023 

.024 

.024 

40.5 

—0.020 

—0.021 

—0.022 

—0.022 

—  0.023 

-0.023 

—0.024 

—0.024 

-0.025 

-0.025 

41.0 

.021 

.022 

.022 

.023 

.024 

.024 

.025 

.025 

.026 

.026 

4i-5 

.022 

.023 

.023 

.024 

.025 

.025 

.026 

.026 

.02  7 

.027 

42.0 

.023 

.024 

.024 

.025 

.025 

.026 

.027 

.027 

.028 

.029 

42.5 

.024 

.025 

.025 

.026 

.026 

.027 

.028 

.028 

.029 

.030 

43.0 

-0.025 

-0.025 

—0.026 

—0.027 

—0.027 

—0.028 

—O.O29 

—  O.O29 

-O.O3O 

-0.031 

43-5 

.026 

.026 

.027 

.028 

.028 

.029 

.030 

.030 

.03I 

.032 

44.0 

.026 

.027 

.028 

.029 

.029 

.030 

.031 

.031 

.032 

•033 

44-5 

.027 

.028 

.029 

.030 

.030 

.031 

.032 

.032 

.033 

•034 

45-o 

.028 

.029 

.030 

.030 

.031 

.032 

•033 

•033 

•034 

•035 

45.5 

—O.O29 

-0.030 

-O.O3I 

-O.O3I 

—O.O32 

-O.O33 

-O.O34 

-O.O34 

-O.O35 

-O.O36 

46.0 

.030 

.031 

.03I 

.032 

•033 

•034 

•035 

•035 

.036 

•037 

46.5 

.031 

.032 

.032 

•033 

.034 

.035 

.036 

.036 

•037 

.038 

!  47.0 

.032 

.032 

•033 

•034 

•035 

.036 

•037 

.037 

.038 

•039 

47.5 

•033 

•033 

.034 

•035 

.036 

•037 

.038 

.038 

•039 

.040 

48.0 

-O.O33 

-O.O34 

-0.035 

-O.O36 

-0.037 

-O.O38 

-O.O39 

—0.040 

—0.040 

—O.04I 

48.5 

•034 

.035 

.036 

•037 

.038 

•039 

.040 

.041 

.041 

.042 

49.0 

.035 

.O36 

.037 

.O38 

•039 

.040 

.041 

.042 

.042 

•043 

49-5 

.O36 

•037 

.038 

•039 

.040 

.041 

.042 

•043 

.044 

.044 

50.0 

.037 

.038 

•039 

.040 

.041 

.042 

•043 

.044 

0.45 

.046 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

87 


Table  46. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE, 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  IN  INCHES. 

19.0 

19.5 

20.0 

20.5 

21.0 

21.5 

22.0 

22.5 

23.0 

23.5 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

50?5 

-0.038 

-O.039 

—O.040 

—O.041 

—O.042 

-O.043 

—O.044 

-0.045 

—0.046 

-O.047 

5i.o 

•039 

.040 

.041 

.042 

•043 

.044 

•045 

.046 

O.47 

.048 

51.5 

•039 

.040 

.041 

.042 

.044 

•045 

.046 

.047 

.048 

.049 

52.0 

.040 

.041 

.042 

•043 

.044 

.046 

.047 

.048 

.049 

.050 

52.5 

.041 

.042 

•043 

.044 

•045 

.047 

.048 

.049 

.050 

.051 

53.0 

—0.042 

-O.043 

—O.044 

-O.045 

—0.046 

-O.047 

—O.049 

—0.050 

-O.051 

-O.052 

53-5 

•043 

.044 

•045 

.046 

.047 

'  .048 

.050 

.051 

.052 

.053 

54-o 

.044 

.045 

.046 

.047 

.048 

.049 

.051 

.052 

.053 

.054 

54-5 

.045 

.046 

.047 

.048 

.049 

.050 

.052 

.053 

.054 

•055 

55-o 

•045 

.047 

.048 

.049 

.050 

.051 

.053 

.054 

.055 

.056 

55.5 

—0.046 

-O.047 

—O.049 

-O.050 

—O.051 

-O.052 

-O.054 

-O.055 

-0.056 

-O.057 

56.0 

.047 

.048 

.050 

.051 

.052 

•053 

•055 

.056 

•057 

.058 

56.5 

.048 

.049 

.050 

.052 

•053 

•054 

.056 

.057 

.058 

•059 

57.o 

.049 

.050 

.051 

•053 

•054 

•055 

.057 

.058 

.059 

.060 

57-5 

.050 

.051 

.052 

.054 

.055 

.056 

.058 

.059 

.060 

.061 

58.0 

-O.051 

-O.052 

-O.053 

-O.055 

—0.056 

-O.057 

—O.059 

—0.060 

—O.061 

-0.063 

58.5 

.051 

•053 

•054 

.055 

•057 

.058 

.060 

.061 

.062 

.064 

59-° 

.052 

•054 

•055 

.056 

.058 

.059 

.061 

.062 

.063 

.065 

59-5 

•053 

.055 

.056 

.057 

•059 

.060 

.061 

.063 

.064 

.066 

60.0 

•054 

•055 

•057 

.058 

.060 

.061 

.062 

.064 

.065 

.067 

60.5 

-O.055 

-0.056 

-O.O58 

-O.059 

—O.061 

—0.062 

-0.063 

-0.065 

—O.066 

—0.068 

61.0 

.056 

•057 

•059 

.060 

.062 

.063 

.064 

.066 

.067 

.069 

61.5 

•057 

.058 

.060 

.061 

.062 

.064 

.065 

.067 

.068 

.070 

62.0 

.057 

•059 

.060 

.062 

.063 

.065 

.066 

.068 

.069 

.071 

62.5 

.058 

.060 

.061 

.063 

.064 

.066 

.067 

.069 

.071 

.072 

63.0 

-O.059 

—O.061 

—0.062 

—0.064 

—O.065 

—0.067 

—0.068 

—0.070 

—O.072 

-O.073 

63-5 

.060 

.062 

.063 

.065 

.066 

0.68 

.069 

.071 

•073 

.074 

64.0 

.061 

.062 

.064 

.066 

.067 

.069 

.070 

.072 

.074 

•075 

64-5 

.062 

.063 

.065 

.067 

.068 

.070 

.071 

.073 

.075 

.076 

65.0 

.063 

.064 

.066 

.067 

.069 

.071 

.072 

.074 

.076 

.077 

65.5 

-0.063 

-0.065 

—0.067 

—O.068 

—0.070 

—0.072 

-O.073 

-0.075 

-O.077 

—0.078 

66.0 

.064 

.066 

.068 

.069 

.071 

•073 

.074 

.076 

.078 

.079 

66.5 

.065 

.067 

.069 

.070 

.072 

.074 

•075 

.077 

.079 

.081 

67.0 

.066 

.068 

.069 

.071 

.073 

•075 

.076 

.078 

.080 

.082 

67-5 

.067 

.069 

.070 

.072 

.074 

.076 

.077 

.079 

.081 

.083 

68.0 

—O.068 

—0.069 

—0.071 

-O.073 

-0.075 

—0.077 

—0.078 

—0.080 

—0.082 

—0.084 

68.5 

.069 

.070 

.072 

.074 

.076 

.078 

.079 

.081 

.083 

.085 

69.0 

.069 

.071 

•073 

.075 

.077 

.079 

.080 

.082 

.084 

.086 

69-5 

.070 

.072 

.074 

.076 

.078 

.079 

.081 

.083 

.085 

.087 

70.0 

.071 

•073 

•075 

.077 

.079 

.080 

.082 

.084 

.086 

.088 

70.5 

—O.072 

-O.074 

—O.076 

—O.078 

—O.080 

—0.081 

-0.083 

-0.085 

—0.087 

—0.089 

71.0 

•073 

•075 

.077 

.079 

.080 

.082 

.084 

.086 

.088 

.090 

7i-5 

.074 

.076 

.078 

.079 

.081 

.083 

.085 

.087 

.089 

.091 

72.0 

•075 

.076 

.078 

.080 

.082 

.084 

.086 

.088 

.090 

.092 

72.5 

•075 

.077 

.079 

.081 

.083 

.085 

.087 

.089 

.091 

•093 

73.0 

—0.076 

—0.078 

—O.080 

—0.082 

—O.084 

—0.086 

—0.088 

—0.090 

—O.O92 

—O.094 

73-5 

.077 

.079 

.081 

.083 

.085 

.087 

.089 

.091 

•093 

.095 

74.0 

.078 

.080 

.082 

.084 

.086 

.088 

.090 

.092 

.094 

.096 

74-5 

.079 

.081 

.083 

.085 

.087 

.089 

.091 

•093 

.095 

.097 

75.o 

.080 

.082 

.084 

.086 

.088 

.090 

.092 

.094 

.096 

.099 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


88 


Table  46. 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

height  of  the  barometer  in  inches. 

19.0 

19.5 

!  20.0 

20.5 

21.0 

21.5 

22.0 

22.5 

23.0 

23.5 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

j  Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

75?5 

—O.081 

-0.083 

-0.085 

—0.087 

—0.089 

—O.09I 

-0.093 

-O.095 

—O.097 

—0.100 

76.0 

.081 

.084 

.086 

.088 

.090 

.092 

.094 

.096 

.098 

.IOI 

76.5 

.082 

.084 

.087 

.089 

.091 

•093 

•095 

•097 

.IOO 

.102 

77.0 

.083 

.085 

.087 

.090 

.092 

.094 

.096 

.098 

.IOI 

.103 

77-5 

.084 

.086 

.088 

.091 

•°93 

•095 

.097 

.099 

.102 

.104 

78.0 

-0.085 

—0.087 

—0.089 

—O.091 

—0.094 

—O.O96 

—0.098 

—0.100 

-0. 103 

-0.105 

73.5 

.086 

.088 

.090 

.092 

•095 

.097 

.099 

.101 

.104 

.I06 

79.0 

.086 

.089 

.091 

•093 

.096 

.098 

.  IOO 

.102 

.105 

.107 

79-5 

.087 

.090 

.092 

.094 

.097 

.099 

.IOI 

.103 

.106 

.108 

80.0 

.088 

.091 

•093 

•095 

.097 

.IOO 

.102 

.104 

.107 

.109 

80.5 

—0.089 

—O.09I 

—O.O94 

—0.096 

—0.098 

—  O.IOI 

-0.103 

-0. 105 

—  0.108 

—O.IIO 

81.0 

.090 

.092 

•095 

.097 

.099 

.102 

.104 

.106 

.109 

.III 

81.5 

.091 

•093 

.096 

.098 

.100 

.103 

.105 

.107 

.IIO 

.112 

82.0 

.092 

.094 

.096 

.099 

.101 

.104 

.I06 

.108 

.III 

•113 

82.5 

.092 

•095 

.097 

.IOO 

.102 

.105 

.107 

.IO9 

.112 

.114 

83.0 

-O.093 

—0.096 

—  O.O98 

— O.IOI 

-0. 103 

— 0. 106 

—0. 108 

— O.  Ill 

-O.II3 

-O.II5 

83-5 

.094 

.097 

•°99 

.102 

.104 

.107 

.IO9 

.112 

.114 

.117 

84.0 

•095 

.098 

.100 

.103 

.105 

.108 

.IIO 

•113 

-II5 

.118 

84-5 

.096 

.098 

.101 

.103 

.106 

.I08 

•  III 

.114 

.Il6 

.119 

85.0 

.097 

.099 

.102 

.104 

.107 

.IO9 

.112 

•115 

.117 

.120 

85.5 

—0.098 

—0.100 

-0.103 

-0. 105 

— 0. 108 

—O.IIO 

-0.1 13 

— O.Il6 

—  O.IlS 

—  O.I2I 

86.0 

.098 

.101 

.104 

.106 

.109 

.III 

.114 

.117 

.119 

.122 

86.5 

.099 

.102 

.105 

.107 

.110 

.112 

•115 

.118 

.120 

.123 

87.0 

.IOO 

.103 

.105 

.I08 

.111 

•113 

.Il6 

.119 

.121 

.124 

87.5 

.IOI 

.104 

.106 

.IO9 

.112 

.114 

.117 

.120 

.122 

-125 

88.0 

— 0. 102 

-0.105 

—0.107 

—O.IIO 

-0.113 

-0.1 15 

— O.Il8 

—  O.I2I 

-0.123 

—  0.126 

88.5 

.103 

.105 

.108 

•  III 

.114 

.116 

.119 

.122 

.124 

.127 

89.0 

.104 

.106 

.109 

.112 

.114 

.117 

.120 

.123 

.125 

.128 

89-5 

.104 

.107 

.110 

•113 

•115 

.118 

.121 

.124 

.126 

.129 

90.0 

.105 

.108 

.111 

.114 

.116 

.119 

.122 

.125 

.127 

.130 

90.5 

— 0. 106 

— O.  IO9 

— 0.112 

— O.II4 

— 0.117 

—0.120 

-0.123 

—  0.126 

—0.128 

-O.I3I 

91.0 

.107 

.IIO 

•113 

•115 

.118 

.121 

.124 

.127 

.129 

.132 

9i-5 

.I08 

.III 

.113 

.Il6 

.119 

.122 

.125 

.128 

•131 

•133 

92.0 

.IO9 

.112 

.114 

.117 

.120 

.123 

.126 

.129 

.132 

•134 

92.5 

.IIO 

.112 

.115 

.118 

.121 

.124 

.127 

.130 

•133 

•135 

93.0 

— O.IIO 

-0.1 13 

— 0. 1 16 

— O.II9 

—0.122 

—0.12^ 

—  0.128 

-O.I3I 

-O.I34 

-O.I37 

93-5 

•  III 

.114 

.117 

.120 

.123 

.120 

.129 

.132 

•135 

.138 

94.0 

.112 

.115 

.118 

.121 

.124 

.127 

.130 

•133 

.136 

•139 

94-5 

•113 

.Il6 

.119 

.122 

.125 

.128 

•131 

•134 

-137 

.140 

95-o 

.114  1 

| 

.117 

~  .120 

.123 

.126 

.I29 

.132 

•135 

.138 

.141 

95.5 

-0.1 15 

— O.Il8 

— 0.121 

—0.124 

—0.127 

-O.  I30 

-0.133 

-O.I36 

-O.I39 

—O.I42 

96.0 

.115 

.119 

.122 

.125 

.128 

•131 

•134 

•137 

.140 

-143 

96.5 

.116 

.119 

.122 

.126 

.129 

.132 

•135 

.138 

.141 

.144 

97.0 

.117 

.120 

.123 

.126 

.130 

•133 

.136 

•139 

.142 

-145 

97-5 

.118 

.121 

.124 

.127 

.130 

.134 

•137 

.140 

-143 

.146 

98.0 

— 0.119 

—  0.122 

-0.125 

—  0.128 

-0.131 

-0-135 

-O.I38 

—  O.I4I 

-0. 144 

-0.147 

98.5 

.120 

.123 

.126 

.129 

.132 

•135 

•139 

.142 

•145 

.148 

99.0 

.121 

.124 

.127 

.130 

•133 

.136 

.140 

-143 

.146 

.149 

99-5 

.121 

•125 

.128 

•131 

•  134 

.137 

.141 

.144 

.147 

.150 

100.0 

.122 

.126 

.129 

.132 

•135 

.138 

.142 

-145 

.148 

.151 

SMITH80NIAN  TABLES. 


89 


Table  46. 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  IN  INCHES. 

24.0 

24.2 

24.4 

24.6 

24.8 

25.0 

25.2 

25.4 

25.6 

25.8 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

0?0 

+0.063 

+0.063 

+0.064 

+0.064 

+0.065 

+0.065 

+O.066 

+O.066 

+0.067 

+0.067 

+0.5 

fo.061 

+0.062 

+O.063 

+O.063 

+0.064 

+0.064 

+O.065 

+O.065 

+O.066 

+O.066 

1.0 

.060 

.061 

.061 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.064 

.064 

.065 

1-5 

•059 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.061 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.064 

2.0 

.058 

•059 

•059 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.061 

.062 

.062 

.063 

2.5 

•057 

.058 

.058 

•059 

•059 

•059 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.061 

3.0 

+0.056 

+O.056 

+O.057 

+O.O57 

+0.058 

+O.058 

+O.059 

+O.059 

+0.060 

+O.060 

3-5 

.055 

.055 

.056 

.056 

.057 

.057 

.058 

.058 

.059 

.059 

4.0 

•054 

•054 

.055 

.055 

.056 

.056 

•057 

•057 

.057 

.058 

4-5 

.053 

•053 

•054 

•054 

•054 

.055 

•055 

.056 

.056 

•057 

5*o 

.052 

.052 

.052 

•053 

•053 

.054 

.054 

•055 

.055 

.056 

5.5 

f  0.051 

+O.051 

+O.051 

+O.052 

+O.052 

+O.053 

+O.053 

+O.053 

+O.054 

+O.054 

6.0 

.049 

.050 

.050 

.051 

.051 

.052 

.052 

.052 

.053 

•053 

6-5 

.048 

.049 

.049 

.050 

.050 

.050 

.051 

.051 

.052 

.052 

7.0 

.047 

.048 

.048 

.048 

.049 

.049 

.050 

.050 

.050 

.051 

7-5 

.046 

.047 

.047 

.047 

.048 

.048 

.048 

.049 

.049 

.050 

8.0 

+0.045 

+O.045 

+O.046 

+O.046 

+O.047 

+O.047 

+O.047 

+0.048 

+0.048 

+0.048 

8.5 

.044 

.044 

.045 

•045 

.045 

.046 

.046 

.047 

.047 

.047 

9.0 

.043 

•043 

.044 

.044 

.044 

•045 

.045 

•045 

.046 

.046 

9-5 

.042 

.042 

.042 

.043 

.043 

•044 

.044 

•044 

•045 

.045 

10. 0 

.041 

.041 

.041 

.042 

.042 

.042 

.043 

.043 

•043 

.044 

10.5 

+0.040 

+O.040 

+O.040 

+O.041 

+O.041 

+O.041 

+O.042 

+O.042 

+O.042 

+O.043 

11. 0 

•039 

•039 

•039 

.039 

.040 

.040 

.040 

.041 

.041 

.041 

n-5 

.037 

.038 

.038 

.038 

•039 

•039 

•039 

.040 

.040 

.040 

12.0 

.036 

.037 

.037 

•037 

.038 

.038 

.038 

.038 

•039 

•039 

12.5 

.035 

.036 

.036 

.036 

.036 

.037 

.037 

.037 

.038 

.038 

13.0 

-I-0.034 

+O.034 

+O.035 

+O.035 

+O.035 

+O.036 

+O.O36 

+0.036 

+0.036 

+O.037 

13-5 

.033 

.033 

.034 

•034 

•034 

.034 

.035 

.035 

•035 

.036 

14.0 

.032 

.032 

.032 

•033 

•033 

.033 

.034 

.034 

.034 

.034 

14-5 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.032 

.032 

.032 

.032 

•033 

•033 

•033 

15-0 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.032 

.032 

15.5 

+0.029 

+O.029 

+O.029 

+O.029 

+O.030 

+O.030 

+O.030 

+O.030 

+O.03I 

+O.03I 

16.0 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.029 

.029 

.029 

.029 

.030 

16.5 

.026 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.028 

17.0 

.025 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

17.5 

.024 

.024 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.026 

18.0 

+0.023 

+O.023 

+0.024 

+0.024 

+O.024 

+O.024 

+O.024 

+O.025 

+0.025 

+O.025 

18.5 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.024 

.024 

19.0 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.023 

19-5 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

20.0 

.019 

.019 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

20.5 

+0.018 

+0.0I8 

+O.OI8 

+0.0I8 

+  0.0I8 

+O.OI8 

+  0.019 

+O.OT9 

+O.OI9 

+O.OI9 

21.0 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.Ol8 

.Ol8 

.018 

21.5 

.016 

.016 

.016 

.016 

.Ol6 

.016 

•  Ol6 

.016 

.017 

.017 

22.0 

.014 

.015 

.015 

.015 

•  015 

.015 

•  015 

.015 

.015 

.016 

22.5 

.013 

.013 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

23.0 

+0.012 

+0.012 

+0.012 

+O.OI3 

+0.013 

+O.OI3 

+0.013 

+0.013 

+O.OI3 

+0.013 

23-5 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

24.0 

.010 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

24.5 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

1  25.0 

l 

.00S 

.00-8 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.009 

8«uthsonian  Tables. 


90 


Table  46. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  IN  INCHES. 

24.0 

24.2 

24.4 

24.6 

24.8 

25.0 

25.2 

25.4 

25.6 

25.8 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

25?5 

4-0.007 

4-0.007 

4-0.007 

4-0.007 

-fo.007 

4-0.007 

4-0.007 

4-0.007 

4-0.007 

-f-O.007 

26.0 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

26.5 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

27.0 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

27.5 

.002 

.002 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

28.0 

4-0.001 

4-0.001 

4-0.001 

4-0.001 

-fo.ooi 

-f-O.OOI 

4-0.001 

4-0.001 

4-0.001 

4-0.001 

28.5 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

29.0 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

29-5 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

30.0 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

30.5 

—0.004 

—0.004 

—0.004 

—0.004 

—0.004 

—0.004 

—0.004 

—0.004 

—0.004 

-0.004 

31.0 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.006 

.006 

3i-5 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

32.0 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

32.5 

.008 

.OO9 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.OO9 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.009 

33.0 

—  0.010 

—0.010 

— O.OTO 

—0.010 

—0.010 

—0.010 

—0.010 

—0.010 

—0.010 

—0.010 

33-5 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.011 

34-o 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.013 

34-5 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.014 

.014 

.014 

35-o 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

35.5 

-0.015 

-0.015 

-0.015 

-0.015 

-0.015 

—O.Ol6 

—O.Ol6 

—O.Ol6 

-O.Ol6 

—0.016 

36.0 

.016 

.Ol6 

.Ol6 

.  .016 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

36.5 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.Ol8 

.Ol8 

.018 

,Ol8 

.Ol8 

.018 

.018 

37-o 

.018 

.Ol8 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.019 

37-5 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.021 

.021 

38.0 

—0.020 

—0.021 

— 0.02T 

—0.021 

—0.021 

—0.021 

—0.021 

—0.022 

—0.022 

—0.022 

38.5 

.021 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

39.0 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

39-5 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.025 

40.0 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.027 

40.5 

—0.026 

—0.026 

—0.026 

—0.026 

—0.027 

—0.027 

—0.027 

—0.027 

—0.028 

—0.028 

41.0 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.029 

.029 

.029 

4i-5 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.029 

.029 

.029 

.029 

.030 

.030 

.030 

42.0 

.029 

.029 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.031 

42.5 

.030 

.030 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.032 

.032 

.032 

.032 

43.0 

-0.031 

—O.O32 

—0.032 

-0.032 

-0.032 

-O.O33 

-O.O33 

-O.O33 

-O.O33 

-0.034 

43-5 

.032 

.033 

.033 

•033 

•033 

•034 

.034 

.034 

.035 

•035 

44.0 

.033 

•034 

•034 

•034 

•035 

.035 

.035 

•035 

.036 

.036 

44-5 

.035 

•035 

.035 

•035 

.036 

.036 

.036 

•037 

.037 

.037 

45-o 

.036 

.036 

.036 

•037 

.037 

.037 

.037 

.038 

.038 

.038 

45.5 

-0.037 

-O.O37 

-0.037 

-O.O38 

-O.O38 

-O.O38 

-O.O39 

-O.O39 

-O.O39 

-0.039 

46.0 

.038 

.038 

.038 

.039 

•039 

•039 

.040 

.040 

.040 

.041 

46.5 

•039 

•039 

.040 

.040 

.040 

.041 

.041 

.041 

.041 

.042 

47.0 

.040 

.040 

.041 

.041 

.041 

.042 

.042 

.042 

•043 

.043 

47-5 

'  .041 

.04I 

.042 

.042 

.042 

•043 

•043 

.043 

.044 

.044 

48.0 

—0.042 

—  0.042 

-O.O43 

-O.O43 

—O.O44 

—0.044 

—O.O44 

-0.045 

-0.045 

-0.045 

48.5 

.043 

.044 

.044 

.044 

.045 

.045 

•045 

.046 

.046 

.046 

49.0 

.044 

•045 

.045 

.045 

.046 

.046 

.047 

.047 

.047 

.048 

49-5 

.045 

.046 

.046 

.047 

.047 

.047 

.048 

.048 

.048 

.049 

50-0 

.046 

.047 

.O47 

.048 

.048 

.048 

.049 

.049 

.050 

.050 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

91 


Table  46 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE, 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther- 

height  of 

THE  BAROMETER  IN  INCHES. 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

24.0 

24.2 

24.4 

24.6 

24.8 

25.0 

25.2 

25.4 

25.6 

25.8 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

50?5 

—0.048 

—0.048 

—0.048 

—O.049 

—0.049 

-0.050 

-0.050 

-O.050 

-O.051 

-O.051 

51.0 

.049 

.049 

.049 

.050 

.050 

.051 

.051 

.051 

.052 

.052 

5i-5 

.050 

.050 

.051 

.051 

.051 

.052 

.052 

.053 

•053 

•053 

52.0 

.051 

.051 

.052 

.052 

•053 

•053 

•053 

•054 

.054 

.055 

52.5 

.052 

.052 

•053 

.053 

•054 

■054 

•055 

•055 

•055 

.056 

53.0 

-O.053 

-O.053 

-O.054 

-0.054 

-O.055 

-0.055 

-0.056 

-0.056 

-O.057 

-O.057 

53-5 

.054 

•055 

•055 

•055 

.056 

.056 

.057 

•057 

.058 

.058 

54-o 

.055 

.056 

.056 

•057 

•057 

•057 

.058 

.058 

•059 

•059 

54-5 

.056 

.057 

•057 

.058 

.058 

•059 

.059 

.060 

.060 

.060 

55-o 

.057 

.058 

.058 

•059 

•059 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.061 

.062 

55.5 

-0.058 

-O.059 

-O.059 

—0.060 

—0.060 

—O.061 

—  O.061 

—0.062 

—0.062 

-0.063 

56.0 

.060 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.061 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.064 

56.5 

.061 

.061 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.064 

.064 

.065 

.065 

57-0 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.064 

.064 

.065 

.065 

.066 

.066 

57-5 

.063 

.063 

.064 

.064 

.065 

.065 

.066 

.066 

.067 

.067 

58.0 

—0.064 

—0.064 

-0.065 

—0.065 

—O.066 

—O.066 

—0.067 

—O.068 

—O.068 

—0.069 

j  58.5 

.065 

.065 

.066 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.070 

59-o 

.066 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.070 

.070 

.071 

1  59-5 

.067 

.068 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.070 

.070 

.071 

.072 

.072 

j  60.0 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.070 

.070 

.071 

.072 

.072 

.073 

•073 

60.5 

—0.069 

—0.070 

—O.070 

—O.071 

—O.072 

—O.072 

-O.073 

-O.073 

-O.074 

-O.074 

61.0 

.070 

.071 

.072 

.072 

•073 

.073 

.074 

.074 

•075 

.076 

61.5 

.071 

.072 

•073 

.073 

.074 

.074 

•075 

.076 

.076 

.077 

62.0 

•073 

•073 

.074 

.074 

•075 

.076 

.076 

.077 

.077 

.078 

62.5 

•074 

.074 

.075 

•075 

.076 

.077 

.077 

.078 

.078 

.079 

63.0 

-O.075 

-O.075 

—0.076 

—O.077 

-O.077 

—0.078 

—0.078 

-O.079 

—0.080 

—  0.080 

63.5 

.076 

.076 

.077 

.078 

.078 

•079 

.080 

.080 

.081 

.081 

64.0 

.077 

.077 

.078 

.079 

.079 

.080 

.081 

.081 

.082 

.082 

64.5 

.078 

.079 

.079 

.080 

.081 

.081 

.082 

.082 

.083 

.084 

!  65.0 

.079 

.080 

.080 

.081 

.082 

.082 

.083 

.084 

.084 

.085 

65.5 

—O.080 

—O.081 

—O.081 

—0.082 

-0.083 

-O.083 

—0.084 

-0.085 

-0.085 

—O.086 

!  66.0 

.081 

.082 

•083 

.083 

.084 

.085 

.085 

.086 

.087 

.087 

i  66.5 

.082 

.083 

.084 

.084 

.085 

.086 

.086 

.087 

.088 

.088 

i  67.0 

.083 

.084 

.085 

.085 

.086 

.087 

.087 

.088 

.089 

.090 

!  67.5 

.084 

.085 

.086 

.087 

.087 

.088 

.089 

.089 

.090 

.091 

68.0 

-O.085 

—0.086 

—0.087 

—O.088 

—O.088 

—0.089 

—0.090 

—0.090 

—O.09I 

—0.092 

j  68.5 

.087 

.087 

.088 

.089 

.089 

.090 

.091 

.092 

.092 

•093 

j  69.0 

.088 

.088 

.089 

.090 

.091 

.091 

.092 

•093 

•093 

.094 

69.5 

.089 

.089 

.090 

.091 

.092 

.092 

•093 

.094 

.095 

•095 

j  7°-° 

.090 

.091 

.091 

.092 

.093 

.094 

.094 

.095 

.096 

.097 

70.5 

—O.09I 

—O.092 

—O.092 

-O.093 

-O.094 

-O.O95 

-O.095 

—0.096 

—O.097 

—0.098 

71.0 

.092 

•093 

.094 

.094 

.095 

.096 

.097 

.097 

.098 

.099 

71.5 

•093 

.094 

.095 

•095 

.096 

.097 

.098 

.098 

.099 

.IOO 

72.0 

.094 

•095 

.096 

.096 

.097 

.098 

.099 

.IOO 

.IOO 

.IOI 

72.5 

•095 

.096 

.097 

.098 

.098 

.099 

.IOO 

.IOI 

.102 

.102 

73.0 

—0.096 

-O.O97 

—0.098 

—O.099 

—0.100 

—0.100 

— O.IOI 

— 0. 102 

-O.IO3 

—0.104 

|  73-5 

.097 

.098 

.099 

.IOO 

.101 

.101 

.102 

.103 

.104 

.105 

|  74-o 

.098 

.099 

.IOO 

.IOI 

.102 

.'103 

.103 

.103 

.104 

•  105 

.106 

!  74-5 

.  IOO 

.IOO 

.IOI 

.102 

.104 

.105 

.105 

.I06 

.107 

|  75-0 

' - 

.IOI 

.IOI 

.102 

.103 

.104 

.105 

.106 

.106 

.107 

.IO8 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


92 


Table  4b 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

height  oe  the  barometer  in  inches. 

24.0 

24.2 

24.4 

24.6 

24.8 

25.0 

25.2 

25.4 

25.6 

25.8 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

75?5 

— 0. 102 

-0. 103 

-0. 103 

— 0. 104 

-O.I05 

— 0. 106 

—0.107 

— 0. 108 

— 0. 108 

— 0. 109 

76.0 

.103 

.104 

.104 

.105 

.106 

.107 

.108 

.109 

.IIO 

.IIO 

76.5 

.104 

.105 

.106 

.106 

.107 

.108 

.109 

.IIO 

.III 

.112 

77.0 

.105 

.106 

.107 

.108 

.108 

.109 

.IIO 

.III 

.112 

•113 

77-5 

.I06 

.107 

.108 

.109 

.IIO 

.IIO 

.III 

.112 

•113 

.114 

78.0 

— O.  I07 

— O.  I08 

— 0. 109 

— O.IIO 

— O.III 

— O.II2 

—  O.II2 

— O.II3 

— O.II4 

-O.II5 

78.5 

.108 

.109 

.IIO 

.III 

.112 

•113 

.114 

.114 

•115 

.'II6 

79.0 

.IO9 

.IIO 

.III 

.112 

•113 

.114 

•115 

.Il6 

.117 

.117 

79-5 

.IIO 

.III 

.112 

•113 

.114 

•115 

.Il6 

.117 

.118 

.119 

80.0 

.III 

.112 

•113 

.114 

.115 

.Il6 

.117 

.118 

.119 

.120 

80.5 

— O.II2 

-0.1 13 

— O.II4 

—0.1 15 

— O.Il6 

—  0.II7 

— O.Il8 

—  O.II9 

—0.120 

— 0. 121 

81.0 

.114 

.115 

•115 

.Il6 

.117 

.118 

.119 

.120 

.121 

.122 

81.5 

•115 

.Il6 

.117 

.118 

.118 

.119 

.120 

.121 

.122 

.123 

82.0 

.Il6 

.117 

.118 

.119 

.120 

.121 

.122 

.122 

.123 

.124 

82.5 

.117 

.118 

.119 

.120 

.121 

.122 

.123 

.124 

.125 

.126 

83.0 

— O.Il8 

— O.II9 

—0.120 

— O.I2I 

—0.122 

-0.123 

—0.124 

-0.125 

—0.126 

—0.127 

83.5 

.119 

.120 

.121 

.122 

.123 

.124 

.125 

.126 

.127 

.128 

84.0 

.120 

.121 

.122 

.123 

.124 

•125 

.126 

.127 

.128 

.129 

84-5 

.121 

.122 

.123 

.124 

.125 

.126 

.127 

.128 

.129 

.130 

85.0 

.122 

.123 

.124 

.125 

.126 

.127 

.128 

.129 

.130 

•131 

85.5 

-0.123 

—0.124 

—0.125 

—0.126 

—0.127 

—  0.128 

—  0.129 

-0.130 

-O.I3I 

-0.133 

86.0 

.124 

•125 

.126 

.127 

.128 

.130 

•131 

.132 

•133 

•134 

86.5 

•125 

.126 

.128 

.129 

.130 

•131 

.132 

•i  33 

.134 

•135 

87.0 

.126 

.128 

.129 

.130 

-I3I 

.132 

•133 

•134 

•135 

.136 

87.5 

.128 

.I29 

.130 

•131 

.132 

•133 

.134 

•135 

.136 

.137 

88.0 

—O.I29 

-O.  I30 

-O.I3I 

-O.I32 

-0.133 

-0.134 

-0.135 

-0.136 

-0.137 

-O.I38 

88.5 

.130 

•131 

.132 

•133 

.134 

•135 

.136 

•137 

.138 

•139 

89.0 

.131 

.132 

•133 

.134 

•135 

.136 

•137 

.138 

.140 

.141 

89.5 

.132 

•T33 

.134 

.135 

.136 

.137 

.138 

.140 

.141 

.142. 

90.0 

.133 

•134 

.135 

.136 

•137 

.138 

.140 

.141 

.142 

.143 

90.5 

-O.I34 

-0.135 

-O.I36 

-0.137 

-01.39 

— O.  I40 

— O.I4I 

—0.142 

-O.I43 

-O.I44 

91.0 

•135 

.136 

•137 

.138 

.140 

.141 

.142 

.143 

.144 

.145 

91-5 

.136 

•137 

.138 

.140 

.141 

.142 

.143 

.144 

.145 

.146 

92.0 

-137 

.138 

.140 

.141 

.142 

•143 

.144 

.145 

.146 

.148 

92.5 

.138 

•139 

.141 

.142 

•143 

.144 

.145 

.146 

.148 

.149 

93.0 

-O.  I39 

— 0. 141 

—O.I42 

—O.I43 

-O.  I44 

-O.I45 

—O.  I46 

— 0. 148 

-O.I49 

-0.150 

93-5 

.140 

.142 

.143 

.144 

•145 

.146 

.148 

.149 

.150 

•151 

94.0 

.142 

•  143 

.144 

.145 

.146 

.147 

.149 

.150 

•151 

.152 

94-5 

•143 

.144 

.145 

.146 

.147 

.149 

.150 

.151 

.152 

.153 

95-o 

.144 

.145 

.146 

.147 

.149 

.150 

.151 

.152 

•153 

.154 

95.5 

-O.I45 

— 0. 146 

-O.I47 

—O.I48 

-0.150 

-O.I5I 

-0.152 

-0.153 

-0.154 

-O.I56 

96.0 

.146 

.147 

.148 

.150 

•151 

.152 

•153 

•154 

.156 

•157 

96-5 

•  -147 

.148 

.149 

.151 

.152 

•153 

.154 

.156 

•157 

.158 

97.0 

.148 

.149 

.150 

■152 

•153 

•154 

•155 

.157 

.158 

•159 

97-5 

.149 

.150 

.152 

•153 

.154 

•155 

.157 

.158 

•159 

.160 

98.0 

-0.150 

-0.15 1 

-0.153 

-0.154 

-0.155 

-O.I56 

-0.158 

-0.159 

—  0.160 

— O.I6I 

98-5 

.151 

•153 

•154 

•155 

.156 

.158 

•159 

.160 

.l6l 

.163 

99.0 

.152 

•154 

•155 

.156 

.157 

•159 

.  l6o 

.161 

.162 

.164 

99-5 

•153 

•155 

.156 

•157 

•159 

.160 

.l6l 

.162 

.164 

.165 

100.0 

•154 

.156 

•157 

.158 

.160 

.l6l 

.162 

.163 

.165 

.166 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


93 


Table  46. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther- 

mometer 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

HEIO 

HT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  IN  INCHES. 

! 

1 

26.0 

26.2 

26.4 

26.6 

26.8 

27.0 

27.2 

27.4 

27.6 

27.8 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

0?0 

f  0.068 

+O.068 

+0.069 

+0.069 

+0.070 

+0.070 

+O.071 

+0.071 

+O.072 

+O.072 

+0.5 

f  0.067 

+0.067 

+O.068 

4-0.068 

+0.069 

+0.069 

+0.070 

+0.070 

+O.071 

+O.071 

1.0 

.065 

.066 

.066 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.070 

i-5 

.064 

.065 

.065 

.066 

.066 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

.069 

2.0 

.063 

.064 

.064 

.065 

.065 

.065 

.066 

.066 

.067 

.067 

2-5 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.064 

.064 

.065 

.065 

.066 

.066 

3.0 

-I-O.061 

+O.061 

+0.062 

+0.062 

+O.063 

+O.063 

+O.063 

+0.064 

+0.064 

+O.065 

3-5 

•059 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.061 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.064 

4.0 

.058 

.059 

•059 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.061 

.061 

.062 

.062 

4-5 

.057 

.058 

.058 

.058 

.059 

•059 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.061 

5-0 

.056 

.056 

.057 

•057 

.058 

.058 

•059 

.059 

.059 

.060 

5.5 

+O.055 

+O.055 

+O.056 

+O.056 

+O.056 

+O.057 

+O.057 

+O.058 

+0.058 

+O.059 

6.o 

•054 

.054 

.054 

.055 

.055 

.056 

.056 

.056 

.057 

•057 

6-5 

.052 

.053 

.053 

.054 

•054 

.054 

.055 

•055 

.056 

.056 

7.0 

.051 

.05?; 

.052 

.052 

.053 

•053 

.054 

.054 

•054 

.055 

7-5 

.050 

.050 

.051 

.051 

.052 

.052 

.052 

.053 

.053 

•053 

8.0 

+O.049 

+O.049 

+O.050 

+O.050 

+O.050 

+O.051 

+O.051 

+O.051 

+O.052 

+O.052 

8-5 

.048 

.048 

.048 

.049 

.049 

.049 

.050 

.050 

.051 

.051 

9.0 

.046 

.047 

.047 

.048 

.048 

.048 

.049 

.049 

.049 

.050 

9-5 

.045 

.046 

.046 

.046 

.047 

.047 

.047 

.048 

.048 

.048 

10.0 

.044 

.044 

♦045 

.045 

•045 

.046 

.046 

.046 

.047 

.047 

10.5 

+O.043 

+O.043 

+O.044 

+O.044 

+O.044 

+O.045 

+O.045 

+O.045 

+0.046 

+0.046 

11. 0 

.042 

.042 

.042 

.043 

.043 

•043 

.044 

.044 

.044 

.045 

II-5 

.041 

.041 

.041 

.041 

.042 

.042 

.042 

•043 

.043 

.043 

12.0 

.039 

.040 

.040 

.040 

.041 

.041 

.041 

.041 

.042 

.042 

12.5 

.038 

.038 

.039 

.039 

•039 

.040 

.040 

.040 

.040 

.041 

13.0 

+O.037 

+O.037 

+O.038 

+O.038 

+O.O38 

+O.038 

+O.O39 

+O.039 

+O.039 

+0.040 

13-5 

.036 

.036 

.036 

.037 

•037 

.037 

.037 

.038 

.038 

.038 

14.0 

•035 

.035 

.035 

.035 

.036 

.036 

.036 

.036 

.037 

.037 

14-5 

.033 

.034 

.034 

•034 

.034 

.035 

.035 

.035 

.035 

.036 

15-0 

.032 

.032 

•033 

.033 

.033 

•033 

•034 

.034 

.034 

.034 

15.5 

+O.031 

+O.03I 

+O.032 

+O.O32 

+O.O32 

+O.032 

+O.032 

+O.033 

+O.033 

+O.O33 

16.0 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.032 

.032 

16.5 

.029 

.029 

.029 

.029 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.031 

17.0 

.027 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.029 

.029 

.029 

.029 

.028 

.029 

17.5 

.026 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.028 

.028 

.028 

18.0 

+0.025 

+0.025 

+0.026 

+0.026 

+0.026 

+0.026 

+0.026 

+0.026 

+0.027 

+0.027 

18.5 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.025 

-025 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.026 

19.0 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

19-5 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

20.0 

.020 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.022 

.022 

20.5 

+O.OI9 

+O.OI9 

+0.020 

+0.020 

+0.020 

+0.020 

+0.020 

+0.020 

+0.020 

+0.021 

21.0 

.018 

.018 

.018 

.Ol8 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.019 

.019 

.019 

21.5 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.Ol8 

.018 

.orS 

.018 

22.0 

.Ol6 

.016 

.016 

.Ol6 

.Ol6 

.016 

.Ol6 

.017 

.017 

.017 

22.5 

.014 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

23.0 

+O.OI3 

+0.013 

+0.014 

+0.014 

+0.014 

+0.014 

+0.014 

+  0.014 

+0.014 

+0.014 

23-5 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

24.0 

.Oil 

.Oil 

•  Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.012 

.012 

.012 

2+5 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.010 

.IIO 

25.0 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.OO9 

.009 

.009 

.009 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


94 


Table  46, 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther- 

mometer 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

height  of  the  barometer  in  inches. 

26.0 

26.2 

26.4 

26.6 

26.8 

27.0 

27.2 

27.4 

27.6 

27.8 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

25?5 

f  0.007 

4-0.007 

4-0.008 

4-0.008 

4-0.008 

4-0.008 

4-0.008 

4-0.008 

4-0.008 

4-0.008 

26.0 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.007 

.007 

.007 

26.5 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

27.0 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

27-5 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

28.0 

-f-o.  00 1 

-j-O.OOI 

4-0.002 

4-0.002 

4-0.002 

+0.002 

4-0.002 

4-0.002 

4-0.002 

-1-0.002 

28.5 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

29.0 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.061 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

29-5 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

30.0 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

30.5 

—0.004 

—0.004 

—0.004 

-0  005 

-0.005 

-0.005 

—0.005 

-0.005 

-0.005 

-0.005 

31.0 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

3i-5 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

32.0 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.OO9 

32.5 

.009 

.OO9 

.OO9 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.010 

.010 

.OIO 

.OIO 

33.0 

—0.010 

—0.010 

—0.010 

— O.OII 

—O.OII 

—  O.OII 

—O.OII 

—O.OII 

—O.OII 

—O.OII 

33-5 

.011 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

34*o 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.OI3 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.014 

34-5 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.015 

.015 

.015 

35-0 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.016 

.016 

.016 

.016 

.Ol6 

35.5 

—0.016 

—O.Ol6 

—O.Ol6 

—0.017 

—0.017 

—0.017 

—0.017 

—0.017 

—0.017 

—0.017 

36.0 

.017 

.018 

.018 

.Ol8 

.Ol8 

.018 

.Ol8 

.018 

.018 

.OI9 

36.5 

.019 

.019 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.019 

.020 

.020 

.020 

37-0 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

37*5 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

38.0 

—0.022 

—0.022 

—0.022 

-0.023 

—0.023 

—0.023 

—0.023 

—0.023 

—0.023 

—0.024 

38.5 

.023 

.023 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.025 

.025 

.025 

39-o 

.024 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.026 

39-5 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

40.0 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.029 

40.5 

—0.028 

—0.028 

—0.028 

—0.029 

—0.029 

—0.029 

—O.O29 

-0.030 

-0.030 

-0.030 

41.0 

.029 

.029 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.031 

41.5 

.030 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.032 

.032 

.032 

.032 

.032 

42.0 

.032 

.032 

.032 

.032 

•033 

•033 

.033 

.033 

•033 

•034 

42.5 

.033 

•033 

.033 

•033 

•034 

•034 

.034 

•034 

•035 

.035 

43.0 

-0.034 

-O.O34 

-O.O34 

-0.035 

-O.O35 

-0.035 

-O.O35 

-O.O36 

-O.O36 

-O.O36 

43-5 

•035 

•035 

.036 

.036 

.036 

.036 

•037 

.037 

.037 

.037 

44.0 

.036 

•037 

.037 

.037 

.037 

.038 

.038 

.038 

.038 

•039 

44-5 

.037 

.038 

.038 

.O38 

■039 

•039 

.039 

•039 

.040 

.040 

45-o 

•039 

•039 

•°39 

•039 

.040 

.040 

.040 

.041 

.04I 

.041 

45.5 

—0.040 

—0.040 

—0.040 

—0.041 

—O.04I 

—O.O4I 

—0.042 

—0.042 

—0.042 

-O.O43 

46.0 

.041 

.041 

.042 

.042 

.042 

.043 

•043 

.043 

•043 

.044 

46.5 

.042 

.042 

.043 

.043 

•043 

.044 

.044 

.044 

•045 

•045 

1  47-0 

.043 

.044 

.044 

.044 

.045 

•045 

.045 

.046 

.046 

.046 

47-5 

•045 

.045 

.045 

.046 

.046 

.046 

.047 

.047 

.047 

.048 

48.0 

—0.046 

—O.O46 

—0.046 

-O.047 

-0.047 

-0.047 

—O.048 

—O.O48 

—O.048 

—O.049 

48.5 

.047 

.047 

.048 

.048 

.048 

.049 

.049 

.049 

.050 

.050 

49.0 

.048 

.048 

.049 

.049 

.O49 

.050 

.050 

.051 

.051 

.051 

49.5 

.049 

.050 

.050 

.050 

.051 

.051 

.051 

.052 

.052 

•053 

50.0 

.050 

.051 

.051 

•052 

.052 

.052 

•053 

•053 

•053 

•054 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


95 


Table  46 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  IX  INCHES. 

26.0 

26.2 

26.4 

26.6 

26.8 

27.0 

27.2 

27.4 

27.6 

27.8 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

50?5 

-O.052 

-O.052 

-O.052 

-O.053 

-O.053 

-O.054 

-O.054 

-O.054 

-O.055 

-O.055 

51.0 

•053 

•053 

•054 

.054 

•054 

•055 

•055 

.056 

.056 

.056 

5i-5 

.054 

.054 

•055 

•055 

.056 

.056 

.056 

•057 

•057 

.058 

52.0 

•055 

.055 

.056 

.056 

•057 

•057 

.058 

.058 

.058 

•059 

52.5 

.056 

.057 

•057 

.058 

.058 

.058 

•059 

.059 

.060 

.060 

53.0 

-O.057 

-0.058 

—0.058 

-O.059 

-O.059 

—O.060 

—0.060 

—O.061 

—O.061 

—O.061 

53-5 

•059 

•059 

.059 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.061 

.062 

.062 

•063 

54-0 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.061 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.063 

.064 

54-5 

.061 

.061 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.064 

.064 

.065 

.065 

55-0 

,062 

.063 

.063 

.064 

.064 

.064 

.065 

.065 

.066 

.066 

55.5 

-0.063 

—0.064 

—0.064 

-0.065 

-0.065 

—O.066 

—O.066 

—0.067 

—0.067 

—O.068 

56.0 

.064 

.065 

.065 

.066 

.066 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

.069 

56.5 

.066 

.066 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.070 

.070 

57-0 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.070 

.070 

.071 

.071 

57-5 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.070 

.070 

.071 

.071 

.072 

.072 

.073 

58.0 

—O.069 

—O.070 

—0.070 

—O.071 

—O.071 

—O.072 

—0.072 

-O.073 

-O.073 

-O.074 

58.5 

.070 

.071 

.071 

.072 

.072 

.073 

.074 

.074 

•075 

•075 

59*o 

.072 

.072 

•073 

.073 

.074 

.074 

.075 

.075 

.076 

.076 

59*5 

.073 

.073 

.074 

.074 

•075 

.075 

.076 

•077 

.077 

.078 

60.0 

.074 

.074 

.075 

.076 

.076 

.077 

.077 

.078 

.078 

.079 

60.5 

-O.075 

—O.076 

—0.076 

—  O.077 

-O.077 

—0.078 

—O.078 

-O.079 

—0.080 

—0.080 

61.0 

.076 

.077 

.077 

.078 

.079 

.079 

.080 

.080 

.081 

.081 

61.5 

.077 

.078 

.079 

.079 

.080 

.080 

.081 

.082 

.082 

.083 

62.0 

.079 

.079 

.080 

.080 

.081 

.082 

.082 

.083 

.083 

.084 

62.5 

.080 

.080 

.081 

.082 

.082 

.083 

.083 

.084 

.085 

.085 

63.0 

—O.081 

—0.082 

—0.082 

-0.083 

-0.083 

—0.084 

-O.085 

-0.085 

—O.086 

—O.086 

63.5 

.082 

.083 

.083 

.084 

.085 

.085 

.086 

.086 

.087 

.088 

64.0 

.083 

.084 

.085 

.085 

.086 

.086 

.087 

.088 

.088 

.089 

64-5 

.084 

.085 

.086 

.086 

.087 

.088 

.088 

.089 

.090 

.090 

65.0 

.086 

.086 

.087 

.088 

.088 

.089 

.090 

.090 

.091 

.092 

65.5 

—0.087 

—O.087 

0.088 

—0.089 

—0.089 

—O.090 

—O.O9I 

—O.09I 

—O.092 

-O.O93 

66.0 

.088 

.089 

.089 

.090 

.091 

.091 

.092 

•093 

•093 

.094 

66.5 

.089 

.090 

.090 

.091 

.092 

•093 

.093 

•094 

.095 

.095 

67.0 

.090 

.091 

.092 

.092 

•093 

.094 

.094 

•095 

.096 

.097 

67.5 

.092 

.092 

.093 

.094 

.094 

.095 

.096 

.096 

.097 

.098 

68.0 

-O.093 

-O.093 

—0.094 

-O.O95 

-O.095 

—0.096 

—O.O97 

—0.098 

—0.098 

—O.099 

68.5 

.094 

.095 

.095 

.096 

.097 

.097 

.098 

.099 

.IOO 

.IOO 

69.0 

.095 

.096 

.096 

.097 

.098 

.099 

.099 

•  IOO 

.IOI 

.102 

69.5 

.096 

.097 

.098 

.098 

.099 

.IOO 

.IOI 

.IOI 

.102 

.103 

70.0 

.097 

.098 

.099 

.IOO 

.IOO 

.IOI 

.102 

.103 

.103 

.104 

70.5 

—O.O98 

—O.099 

—0.100 

— O.IOI 

—O.IOI 

—0.102 

-O.IO3 

— 0. 104 

-0.105 

-0. 105 

71.0 

.IOO 

.IOO 

.101 

.102 

.103 

.103 

.104 

.105 

.106 

.107 

7i-5 

.IOI 

.102 

.102 

.103 

.104 

.105 

.105 

.106 

.107 

.108 

72.0 

.102 

.103 

.104 

.104 

.105 

.IO6 

.107 

.107 

.108 

.IO9 

72.5 

.103 

.104 

.105 

.106 

.106 

.107 

.I08 

.109 

.IO9 

.IIO 

73.0 

—0. 104 

-0.105 

— 0. 106 

—0. 107 

—0.108 

—O.IOS 

—O.IO9 

— O.  I IO 

— O.III 

— O.II2 

73-5 

.105 

.106 

.107 

.IO8 

.109 

.IIO 

.IIO 

.III 

.112 

•113 

74.0 

.107 

.107 

.108 

.109 

.IIO 

.III 

.112 

.112 

.113 

.114 

74-5 

.108 

.IO9 

.109 

.IIO 

.III 

.112 

•113 

.114 

1 14 

•115 

75-0 

.IO9 

.IIO 

.111 

.112 

.112 

.113 

.114 

•115 

Il6 

.117 

SMITH60NIAN  TABLES. 


96 


Table  46 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE, 


ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

height  of  the  barometer  in  inches. 

26.0 

26.2 

26.4 

26.6 

26.8 

27.0 

27.2 

27.4 

27.6 

27.8 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

75?5 

— O.IIO 

— O.III 

— O.II2 

—0.1 13 

— O.II4 

— 0.II4 

—0.1 15 

— O.Il6 

— 0.II7 

— O.Il8 

76.0 

.III 

.112 

.113 

.114 

•115 

.Il6 

.Il6 

.117 

.118 

.119 

76.5 

•113 

.113 

.114 

.115 

.Il6 

.117 

.118 

.119 

.119 

.120 

77.0 

.114 

•115 

.115 

.Il6 

.117 

.118 

.119 

.120 

.121 

.122 

77-5 

.115 

.Il6 

.117 

.117 

.118 

.119 

.120 

.121 

.122 

.123 

78.0 

— O.Il6 

— O.II7 

— O.Il8 

— O.II9 

—0.120 

—0.120 

—0.12 1 

—0.122 

-0.123 

—0.124 

78.5 

.117 

.118 

.119 

.120 

.121 

.122 

.123 

.123 

.124 

.125 

79.0 

.118 

.119 

.120 

.121 

.122 

.123 

.124 

.125 

.126 

.127 

79-5 

.120 

.120 

.121 

.122 

,123 

.124 

.125 

.126 

.127 

.128 

80.0 

.121 

.122 

.123 

.123 

.124 

.125 

.126 

.127 

.128 

.I29 

80.5 

—0.122 

—0.123 

—0.124 

-0.125 

—0.126 

—0.127 

—0.127 

—0.128 

—O.I29 

-0.130 

81.0 

.123 

.124 

.125 

.126 

.127 

.128 

.I29 

.130 

•131 

.132 

81.5 

.124 

.125 

.126 

.127 

.128 

.129 

.130 

.131 

.132 

•133 

82.0 

•125 

.126 

.127 

.128 

.129 

.130 

•131 

.132 

•133 

.134 

82.5 

.127 

.128 

.128 

.129 

.130 

•131 

.132 

•133 

•134 

•135 

83.0 

—0.128 

—0.129 

-0.130 

-O.I3I 

-O.I32 

-O.I33 

-0.134 

-0.135 

-O.I36 

-O.I37 

83.5 

.129 

.130 

.131 

.132 

•133 

•134 

•135 

.136 

•137 

.138 

84.0 

.130 

•131 

.132 

•133 

.134 

•135 

.I36 

.137 

.138 

•139 

84-5 

•131 

.132 

•133 

.134 

•135 

.136 

.137 

.138 

•139 

.140 

85.0 

.132 

•133 

•134 

•135 

.136 

.137 

.138 

•139 

.141 

.142 

85.5 

-O.I34 

-0.135 

-O.I36 

-0.137 

-0.138 

-O.I39 

— O.  I40 

— O.I4I 

—0.142 

-0.143 

86.0 

•135 

.136 

.137 

.138 

•139 

.140 

.141 

.142 

.143 

.144 

86.5 

.136 

.137 

.138 

•139 

.140 

.141 

.142 

•143 

.144 

•145 

87.0 

.137 

.138 

•139 

.140 

.141 

.142 

.143 

.144 

•145 

.147 

87.5 

.138 

•139 

.140 

.141 

.142 

.144 

.145 

.146 

.147 

.148 

88.0 

-O.I39 

— O.  I40 

— O.  I42 

-0.143 

-O.I44 

-O.I45 

— O.  I46 

-0.147 

—O.I48 

-O.I49 

88.5 

.141 

.142 

.143 

.144 

•145 

.146 

.147 

.148 

.149 

.150 

89.0 

.142 

•143 

.144 

.145 

.146 

.147 

.148 

.149 

.150 

.152 

89.5 

•143 

.144 

.145 

.146 

.147 

.148 

.149 

.151 

.152 

•153 

90.0 

.144 

.145 

.146 

.147 

.148 

.150 

•151 

.152 

•153 

•154 

90.5 

-0.145 

— 0. 146 

-0.147 

-0.149 

-0.150 

-O.I5I 

-0.152 

-0.153 

-0.154 

-0.155 

91.0 

.146 

.147 

.149 

.150 

.151 

.152 

•153 

.154 

•155 

.157 

9i-5 

.148 

.149 

.150 

.151 

.152 

•153 

•154 

.155 

•157 

.158 

92.0 

.149 

.150 

.151 

.152 

•153 

•154 

.156 

•157 

.158 

.159 

92-5 

.150 

.151 

.152 

•153 

.154 

.156 

.157 

.158 

•159 

,l6o 

93.0 

-O.I5I 

-0.152 

-0.153 

-0.155 

-O.I56 

-0.157 

-0.158 

-0.159 

—0.160 

— 0.l6l 

93-5 

.152 

•153 

.155 

.156 

.157 

.158 

•159 

.160 

.162 

.163 

94.0 

.153 

.155 

.156 

.157 

.158 

•159 

•  l6o 

.162 

.163 

.164 

94-5 

•155 

.156 

.157 

.158 

•159 

.160 

.162 

.163 

.164 

.165 

95-o 

.156 

•157 

.158 

.159 

.l6o 

.162 

.163 

.164 

.165 

.166 

95.5 

-0.157 

-0.158 

-O.I59 

—0.160 

—0.162 

-O.163 

—O.164 

-O.165 

—O.167 

—0.168 

96.0 

.158 

•159 

.160 

.162 

.163 

.164 

.165 

.167 

.168 

.169 

96.5 

.159 

.l6o 

.162 

.163 

.164 

.165 

.167 

.168 

.169 

.170 

97.0 

.160 

.162 

.163 

.164 

.165 

.167 

.168 

.169 

.170 

.171 

97-5 

.162 

.163 

.164 

.165 

.166 

.168 

.169 

.170 

.171 

.173 

98.0 

-O.163 

—O.164 

-O.165 

—0.166 

— O.  l68 

—O.169 

—0.170 

— O.I7I 

-0.173 

-0.174 

98.5 

.164 

.165 

.166 

.168 

.169 

.170 

.171 

.173 

.'174 

.175 

99.0 

.165 

.166 

.168 

.169 

.170 

.171 

•173 

.174 

•175 

.176 

99-5 

.166 

.167 

.169 

.170 

.171 

•173 

.174 

•175 

.176 

.178 

100.0 

.167 

.169 

.170 

.171 

.172 

.174 

.175 

.176 

.178 

.179 

6mith8onian  Tables. 


97 


Table  46. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther- 

mometer 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  IN  INCHES. 

28.0 

28.2 

28.4 

28.6 

28.8 

29.0 

29.2 

29.4 

29.6 

29.8 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

0?0 

+O.073 

+O.074 

+O.074 

+O.075 

+O.075 

+0.076 

+0.076 

+O.077 

+O.077 

+0.078 

+0.5 

+O.072 

+O.072 

+O.073 

+O.073 

+O.074 

+O.074 

+O.075 

+O.075 

+0.076 

+0.076 

i*o 

.070 

.071 

.071 

.072 

.072 

•073 

.073 

.074 

.074 

•075 

1-5 

.069 

.070 

.070 

.071 

.071 

.072 

.072 

•073 

.073 

.074 

2.0 

.068 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.070 

.070 

.071 

.071 

.072 

.072 

2-5 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.069 

.070 

.070 

.071 

3.0 

+0.065 

+O.066 

+O.066 

+0.067 

+0.067 

+O.068 

+O.068 

+0.069 

+0.069 

+0.070 

3-5 

.064 

.065 

.065 

.065 

.066 

.066 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

4.0 

.063 

.063 

.064 

.064 

.065 

.065 

.065 

.066 

.066 

.067 

4-5 

.062 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.064 

.064 

.065 

.065 

.065 

5-o 

.060 

.061 

.061 

.062 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.064 

.064 

5.5 

+O.059 

+O.059 

+O.060 

+0.060 

+O.061 

+O.061 

+0.062 

+0.062 

+0.062 

+0.063 

6.0 

.058 

.058 

•059 

•059 

•059 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.061 

.061 

6-5 

.056 

•057 

.057 

.058 

.058 

.058 

•059 

•059 

.060 

.060 

1  7-0 

.055 

.056 

.056 

.056 

•057 

•057 

.057 

.058 

.058 

.059 

7-5 

•054 

•054 

•055 

•055 

.055 

.056 

.056 

•057 

•057 

•057 

8.0 

+O.053 

+O.053 

+O.053 

+O.054 

+O.054 

+O.054 

+O.055 

+O.055 

+0.056 

+0.056 

8-5 

.051 

.052 

.052 

.052 

•053 

•053 

-053 

.054 

•054 

•055 

9.0 

.050 

.050 

.051 

.051 

.051 

.052 

.052 

•053 

.053 

•053 

9-5 

.049 

.049 

.049 

.050 

.050 

.050 

.051 

.051 

.052 

.052 

10.0 

.047 

.048 

.048 

.048 

.049 

.049 

.050 

.050 

.050 

.051 

10.5 

+0.046 

+O.047 

+O.047 

+O.047 

+0.048 

+0.048 

+0.048 

+O.049 

+O.049 

+O.049 

;  II. O 

•045 

•045 

.046 

.046 

.046 

.047 

.047 

.047 

.047 

.048 

II-5 

.044 

.044 

•044 

•045 

.045 

•045 

.046 

.046 

.046 

.046 

12.0 

.042 

•043 

.043 

•043 

.044 

.044 

.044 

.044 

•045 

.045 

!  12.5 

.041 

.041 

.042 

.042 

.042 

•043 

•043 

.043 

.043 

.044 

13.0 

+0.040 

+O.040 

+O.040 

+O.041 

+O.041 

+O.041 

+  0.042 

+O.042 

+O.042 

+0.042 

13-5 

•039 

•039 

•039 

•039 

.040 

.040 

.040 

.040 

.041 

.041 

14.0 

.037 

.038 

.038 

.038 

.038 

•039 

•039 

•039 

•039 

.040 

14-5 

.036 

.036 

.037 

.037 

•037 

.037 

.038 

.038 

.038 

.038 

i5-o 

.035 

.035 

•035 

•035 

.036 

.036 

.036 

.036 

.037 

.037 

15.5 

-bO.033 

+O.034 

+O.034 

+O.034 

+O.034 

+O.035 

+O.035 

+O.035 

+O.035 

+0.036 

16.0 

.032 

.032 

•033 

•033 

•033 

•033 

•034 

•034 

•034 

•034 

j  16.5 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.032 

.032 

.032 

.032 

.032 

.033 

•033 

17.0 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.032 

17.5 

.028 

.029 

.029 

.029 

.029 

.029 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.030 

18.0 

+O.027 

+0.027 

+0.027 

+0.028 

+0.028 

+0.028 

+0.028 

+0.028 

+O.029 

+0.029 

1  18.5 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

I  J9-0 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.026 

J9-5 

.023 

•023 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.025 

.025 

1  20.0 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

20.5 

-1-0.02 1 

+0.021 

+0.021 

+0.021 

+0.021 

+0.021 

+0.022 

+0.022 

+0.022 

+0.022 

1  21.0 

.OI9 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

,021 

.021 

1  21.5 

.018 

.Ol8 

.Ol8 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.OI9 

j  22.0 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.018 

.018 

.Ol8 

.Ol8 

22.5 

.Ol6 

.016 

.016 

.016 

,Ol6 

.Ol6 

,Ol6 

.Ol6 

,Ol6 

.017 

23.0 

+0.014 

+0.014 

+0.015 

+0.015 

+0.015 

+0.015 

+0.015 

+0.015 

+0.015 

+0.015 

23.5 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

24.0 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.013 

24-5 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

•  Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

25-0 

.OO9 

.OO9 

.OO9 

.OO9 

.OO9 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

6MITH80NIAN  TABLES. 


98 


Table  46 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

• 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  IN  INCHES. 

28.0 

28.2 

28.4 

28.6 

28.8 

29.0 

29.2 

29.4 

29.6 

29.8 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

25?5 

+0.008 

-I-0.008 

-f-0.008 

+0.008 

+0.008 

+0.008 

+ 0.008 

+0.008 

+0.008 

+0.008 

26.0 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

26.5 

-005 

.005 

.005 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

27.0 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

27-5 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

28.0 

+  0.002 

-1-0.002 

4-0.002 

+0.00-2 

+0.002 

+0.002 

+0.002 

+  0.002 

+0.002 

+  0.002 

28.5 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

29.0 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—  0.001 

29-5 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

30.0 

.003 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

30.5 

-0.005 

—0.005 

-0.005 

—0.005 

-0.005 

—0.005 

-0.005 

-0.005 

—  0.005 

-0.005 

31.0 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

3i-5 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

32.0 

.009 

.OO9 

.OO9 

.OO9 

.009 

.OO9 

.OO9 

OO9 

.009 

.009 

32.5 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

33.0 

— O.OII 

—O.OII 

—O.OII 

—O.OII 

—O.OII 

—0.012 

—0.012 

—0.012 

—  0.012 

—  0.012 

33-5 

.012 

.012 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

34-0 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.015 

34-5 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.016 

.016 

.Ol6 

.Ol6 

35-o 

.016 

.016 

.016 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

35.5 

—0.017 

—O.Ol8 

—0.018 

—  O.Ol8 

—0.018 

—  O.Ol8 

—O.Ol8 

—  O.Ol8 

—O.Ol8 

—O.OI9 

36.0 

.OI9 

.OI9 

.019 

.OI9 

.019 

.OI9 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

36.5 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

37-o 

.021 

.021 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.023 

37-5 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

38.0 

—0.024 

—0.024 

—0.024 

—0.024 

—0.024 

-0.025 

-0.025 

-0.025 

-0.025 

-0.025 

38.5 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.027 

.027 

39-° 

.026 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.028 

.028 

.028 

39-5 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.029 

.029 

.029 

.029 

.029 

40.0 

.029 

.029 

.029 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.03I 

.03I 

40.5 

-O.O3O 

—  O.O3O 

-0.031 

-O.O3I 

-0.031 

-O.O3I 

-O.O3I 

-O.O32 

-O.O32 

-O.O32 

41.0 

.03I 

.032 

.032 

.032 

.032 

•033 

•033 

•033 

•033 

•033 

4i-5 

•033 

.033 

•033 

.033 

.034 

•034 

•034 

.034 

.035 

•035 

42.0 

.034 

•034 

•034 

.035 

.035 

.035 

•035 

.036 

.036 

.036 

42.5 

.035 

.035 

.036 

.036 

.036 

.036 

•037 

.037 

.037 

.037 

43.0 

-O.O36 

-O.O37 

-O.O37 

-O.O37 

-O.O38 

-O.O38 

-O.O38 

-O.O38 

-O.O39 

-O.O39 

43-5 

.038 

.038 

.038 

•039 

•039 

•039 

•039 

.040 

.040 

.040 

44.0 

•039 

•039 

.040 

.040 

.040 

.040 

.041 

.041 

.041 

.042 

44-5 

.040 

.041 

.041 

.041 

.041 

.042 

.042 

.042 

•043 

.043 

45-0 

.042 

.042 

.042 

.042 

•043 

.043 

•043 

.044 

.044 

.044 

45.5 

-0.043 

-0.043 

-O.043 

—O.044 

—0.044 

—0.044 

-0.045 

-0.045 

-0.045 

—O.046 

46.0 

.044 

.044 

•045 

•045 

.045 

.046 

.046 

.046 

.047 

.047 

46.5 

•045 

.046 

.046 

.046 

.047 

.047 

.047 

.048 

.048 

.048 

47.0 

.047 

.047 

.047 

.048 

.048 

.048 

.049 

.049 

.049 

.050 

47-5 

.048 

.048 

.049 

.049 

.049 

.050 

.050 

.050 

.051 

.051 

48.0 

—O.O49 

-0.050 

-0.050 

-0.050 

-O.05I 

-0.051 

-0.051 

-0.052 

-0.052 

—0.052 

48.5 

.050 

.051 

.051 

.052 

.052 

.052 

•053 

.053 

.053 

•054 

49.0 

.052 

.052 

.052 

•053 

•053 

•054 

•054 

•054 

•055 

•055 

49-5 

•053 

•053 

•054 

•054 

•054 

.055 

.055 

.056 

.056 

.056 

50.0 

•054 

•055 

•055 

.055 

.056 

.056 

•057 

.057 

•057 

.058 

SMITH80NIAN  TABLE8. 


99 


Table  46 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther- 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  IN  INCHES. 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

28.0 

28.2 

28.4 

28.6 

28.8 

29.0 

29.2 

29.4 

29.6 

29.8 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

50?5 

-O.055 

-0.056 

-0.056 

-O.057 

-O.057 

-O.057 

-0.058 

-0.058 

-O.059 

-O.059 

51.0 

.057 

.057 

.058 

.058 

.058 

•059 

•059 

.060 

.060 

.060 

5i-5 

.058 

.058 

•059 

•059 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.061 

.061 

.062 

52.0 

•059 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.061 

.061 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

52.5 

.061 

.061 

.061 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.064 

.064 

.064 

53.0 

—0.062 

—0.062 

-O.063 

-0.063 

—0.064 

—0.064 

—0.064 

-O.065 

-0.065 

—O.066 

53-5 

•063 

.064 

.064 

.064 

.065 

.065 

.066 

.066 

.067 

.067 

54-0 

.064 

.065 

.065 

.066 

.066 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

.068 

54-5 

.066 

.066 

.067 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.070 

55-o 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.070 

.070 

.071 

.071 

55.5 

—0.068 

—0.069 

—0.069 

—0.070 

—0.070 

—O.071 

—O.071 

—O.072 

—O.072 

-O.073 

56.0 

.069 

.070 

.070 

.071 

.071 

.  .072 

.072 

.073 

•073 

.074 

56.5 

.071 

.071 

.072 

.072 

•073 

•073 

.074 

.074 

.075 

.075 

57-o 

.072 

.072 

•0  73 

•073 

.074 

•075 

.075 

.076 

.076 

.077 

57-5 

•073 

.074 

.074 

.075 

.075 

.076 

.076 

.077 

.077 

.078 

58.0 

-0.074 

-O.075 

—0.076 

—0.076 

—O.077 

-O.077 

—0.078 

—O.078 

-O.079 

—  O.079 

58.5 

.076 

.076 

.077 

.077 

.078 

.078 

.079 

.080 

.080 

.081 

59-o 

•077 

.078 

.078 

.079 

.079 

.080 

.080 

.081 

.081 

.082 

59-5 

.078 

.079 

.079 

.080 

.081 

.081 

.082 

.082 

.083 

.083 

60.0 

.080 

.080 

.081 

.081 

.082 

.082 

.083 

.084 

.084 

.085 

60.5 

—O.081 

—O.081 

—0.082 

-0.083 

-O.083 

—O.084 

—0.084 

-0.085 

-0.085 

—O.086  . 

61.0 

.082 

.083 

.083 

.084 

.084 

.085 

.086 

.086 

.087 

.087 

61.5 

.083 

.084 

.085 

.085 

.086 

.086 

.087 

.087 

.088 

.089 

62.0 

.085 

.085 

.086 

.086 

.087 

.088 

.088 

.089 

.089 

.090 

62.5 

.086 

.086 

.087 

.088 

.088 

.089 

.090 

.090 

.091 

.091 

63.0 

—0.087 

—O.088 

—0.088 

—0.089 

—0.090 

—0.090 

—O.09I 

—O.09I 

—O.092 

-O.093 

63.5 

.088 

.089 

.090 

.090 

.091 

.092 

.092 

.093 

•093 

.094 

64.0 

.090 

.090 

.091 

.092 

.092 

•093 

.093 

.094 

.095 

.095 

64-5 

.091 

.092 

.092 

•093 

•093 

.094 

.095 

.095 

.096 

.097 

65.0 

.092 

•093 

•093 

.094 

•095 

•095 

.096 

.097 

.097 

.098 

65.5 

-O.O93 

—O.094 

-0.095 

-O.095 

—0.096 

—O.O97 

—O.097 

—O.098 

—O.O99 

—O.O99 

66.0 

•095 

•095 

.096 

.097 

.097 

.098 

.099 

.099 

.IOO 

.IOI 

66.5 

.096 

.097 

.097 

.098 

.099 

.099 

.IOO 

.IOI 

.IOI 

.102 

67.0 

.097 

.098 

.099 

.099 

.IOO 

.IOI 

.IOI 

.102 

.103 

.103 

67.5 

.098 

.099 

.100 

.IOI 

.IOI 

.102 

.103 

.103 

.104 

.105 

68.0 

—0.100 

— O.  IOO 

— O.IOI 

—0.102 

-O.IO3 

-0.103 

— O.  I04 

-0.105 

— 0. 105 

—0.106 

68.5 

.101 

.102 

.102 

.103 

.104 

.105 

.105 

.106 

.107 

.107 

69.0 

.102 

.103 

.104 

.104 

.105 

.106 

.107 

.107 

.108 

.IO9 

69.5 

.104 

.104 

.105 

.106 

.106 

.107 

.108 

.IO9 

.109 

.IIO 

70.0 

.105 

.106 

.106 

.107 

.108 

.109 

.109 

.IIO 

.III 

.112 

70.5 

—0.106 

— 0. 107 

—0.108 

—O.IOS 

—O.IO9 

— O.IIO 

— O.III 

—  O.III 

— O.II2 

—0.1 13 

71.0 

.107 

.108 

.109 

.IIO 

.IIO 

.III 

.112 

•113 

•113 

.114 

71.5 

.IO9 

.IO9 

.110 

.III 

.112 

.112 

.113 

.114 

•115 

.Il6 

72.0 

.IIO 

.III 

.111 

.112 

•113 

.114 

•115 

.115 

.Il6 

.117 

72.5 

.III 

.112 

•113 

•113 

.114 

.115 

.Il6 

.117 

.117 

.Il8 

73.0 

— O.II2 

-O.II3 

— 0.114 

-0.1 15 

— O.Il6 

— O.Il6 

— O.II7 

— O.Il8 

— O.II9 

—0.120 

73-5 

.114 

.114 

•115 

.Il6 

.117 

.118 

.Il8 

.119 

.120 

.121 

74.0 

.115 

•  Il6 

.117 

.117 

.118 

.119 

.120 

.121 

.121 

.122 

74-5 

.Il6 

.117 

.118 

.119 

.119 

.120 

.121 

.122 

.123 

.124 

75-o 

.117 

.Il8 

.119 

.120 

.121 

.122 

.122 

.123 

.124 

.125 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


IOO 


Table  46. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

HEIGHT  OE 

THE  BAROMETER  IN  INCHES. 

23.0 

28.2 

28.4 

28  6 

28  8 

29.0 

29.2 

29.4 

29.6 

29.0 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

75?5 

— O.II9 

— 0.II9 

—0.120 

— O.I2I 

—0.122 

-O.I23 

—O.124 

-0. 125 

-O.125 

—0.126 

76.0 

.120 

.121 

.122 

.122 

.123 

.124 

•125 

.126 

.127 

.128 

76.5 

.121 

.122 

.123 

.124 

.125 

.125 

.126 

.127 

.128 

.129 

77.0 

.122 

.123 

.124 

.125 

.126 

.127 

.128 

.129 

.129 

.130 

77.5 

.124 

•125 

.125 

.  126 

.127 

.128 

.129 

.130 

•131 

.132 

78.0 

-0.125 

—0.126 

—0.127 

—0. 1 28 

—O.I29 

— 0. 129 

-0.130 

-O.131 

-O.132 

-0.133 

78.5 

.126 

.127 

.128 

.129 

.130 

•131 

.132 

•133 

.133 

•134 

79.0 

.127 

.128 

.129 

.130 

•131 

.132 

•133 

•134 

•135 

.136 

79-5 

.I29 

.130 

•131 

.131 

.132 

•133 

.134 

.135 

.136 

.137 

80.0 

.130 

•13 1 

.132 

•i  33 

•134 

•I35 

.136 

.136 

.137 

.138 

80.5 

-O.I3I 

-O.I32 

-0.133 

-0.134 

-0.135 

-0.136 

-0.137 

-O.I38 

-O.139 

—O.140 

81.0 

.132 

•133 

.134 

•135 

.136 

.137 

.138 

•139 

.140 

.141 

81.5 

.134 

•135 

.136 

•137 

.138 

•139 

•139 

.140 

.141 

.142 

82.0 

•135 

.136 

.137 

.138 

•139 

.140 

.141 

.142 

•143 

.144 

82.5 

.136 

•137 

.138 

•139 

.140 

.141 

.142 

.143 

.144 

.145 

83.0 

-O.I38 

-O.I39 

-O.I39 

—0.140 

— O.I4I 

— 0. 142 

-0.143 

-0. 144 

-0. 145 

— 0. 146 

83.5 

•139 

.140 

.141 

.142 

•143 

.144 

.145 

.146 

.147 

.148 

84.0 

.-140 

.141 

.142 

•143 

.144 

•145 

.146 

.147 

.148 

.149 

84-5 

.141 

.142 

•143 

.144 

•145 

.146 

.147 

.148 

.149 

.150 

85.0 

.143 

.144 

•145 

.146 

.147 

.148 

.149 

.150 

.151 

.152 

85.5 

-O.I44 

-O.I45 

— 0. 146 

-0.147 

— O.  I48 

-0.149 

-0.150 

-O.15 1 

-O.I52 

-0.153 

86.0 

.145 

.146 

.147 

.148 

.149 

.150 

•151 

.152 

•153 

•154 

86.5 

.146 

.147 

.148 

.149 

•151 

.152 

•153 

.154 

.155 

.156 

87.0 

.148 

.149 

.150 

.151 

.152 

•153 

•  154 

.155 

.156 

.157 

87.5 

.149 

.150 

•151 

.152 

•153 

.154 

•155 

.156 

.157 

.158 

88.0 

-0.150 

-O.I5I 

-0. 152 

-0.153 

-0.154 

-0.155 

-0.157 

-0.158 

-O.159 

— 0. 160 

88.5 

.151 

.152 

•154 

•155 

.156 

•157 

.158 

•159 

.160 

.l6l 

89.0 

•153 

.154 

.155 

.156 

.157 

.158 

•159 

.160 

.161 

.162 

89-5 

•154 

.155 

.156 

.157 

.158 

•159 

.160 

.162 

.163 

.164 

90.0 

•155 

.156 

•157 

.158 

.160 

.161 

.162 

.163 

.164 

.165 

90.5 

-O.I56 

-0. 157 

-O.  I59 

— 0. 160 

— O.I6I 

—0.162 

-0.163 

— 0. 164 

-O.165 

—O.166 

91.0 

.158 

•159 

.160 

.161 

.162 

.163 

.164 

.166 

.167 

.168 

9T'5 

•159 

.160 

.l6l 

.162 

.163 

.165 

.166 

.167 

.168 

.169 

92.0 

.160 

.l6l 

.162 

.164 

.165 

.166 

.167 

.168 

.169 

.170 

92.5 

.l6l 

.163 

.164 

.165 

.166 

.167 

.168 

.169 

.171 

.172 

93.0 

-O.163 

—O.164 

— 0. 165 

—0.166 

—O.167 

— 0. 168 

—0.170 

— 0.171 

—O.172 

-O.173 

93-5 

.164 

.165 

.166 

.167 

.169 

.170 

.171 

.172 

.173 

.174 

94.0 

.165 

.166 

.168 

.169 

.170 

.171 

.172 

.173 

•175 

.176 

94-5 

.l66 

.168 

.169 

.170 

.171 

.172 

.174 

•175 

.176 

.177 

95.o 

.168 

.169 

.170 

.171 

.172 

.174 

•175 

.176 

.177 

.178 

95.5 

—O.169 

—0.170 

— O.I7I 

-0.173 

-0.174 

-0.175 

—0.176 

-0.177 

-O.179 

—O.180 

96.0 

.170 

.171 

•173 

.174 

•  I75 

.176 

.177 

.179 

.180 

.l8l 

96.5 

.171 

•173 

.174 

•175 

.176 

.178 

.179 

.180 

.181 

.182 

97.0 

•173 

.174 

•175 

.176 

.178 

.179 

.180 

.181 

.183 

.184 

97-5 

.174 

.175 

.176 

.178 

.179 

.180 

.181 

.183 

.184 

.185 

98.0 

-O.I75 

—O.I76 

—O.I78 

-0.179 

—0.180 

— 0.181 

-0. 183 

—0.184 

-O.185 

—O.186 

98.5 

.176 

.178 

.179 

.180 

.181 

.183 

.184 

.185 

.187 

.188 

99.0 

.178 

.179 

.l8o 

.182 

.183 

.184 

.185 

.187 

.188 

.189 

99-5 

.179 

.l8o 

.182 

.183 

.184 

.185 

.187 

.188 

.189 

.190 

100.0 

.ISO 

.182 

.183 

.184 

.185 

.187 

.188 

.189 

.191 

.192 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


IOI 


Table  46 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther- 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  IN  INCHES. 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

29.8 

30.0 

30.2 

30.4 

30.6 

30.8 

31.0 

31.2 

31.4 

31.6 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

0?0 

-I-O.078 

+0.078 

+O.079 

+0:079 

+0.080 

+0.080 

+0.081 

+O.081 

+O.082 

+0.082 

0.5 

4-0.076 

+O.077 

+O.077 

+0.078 

+0.078 

+O.079 

+O.079 

+0.080 

+0.080 

+O.081 

1.0 

.075 

.076 

.076 

.077 

.077 

.078 

.078 

.079 

.079 

.080 

i-5 

.074 

.074 

.075 

.075 

.076 

.076 

.077 

.077 

.078 

.078 

2.0 

.072 

•073 

•073 

.074 

.074 

•075 

.075 

.076 

.076 

.077 

2-5 

.071 

.071 

.072 

.072 

.073 

•073 

.074 

.074 

•075 

•075 

3.0 

-40.070 

+O.070 

+0.070 

+O.071 

+0.071 

+O.072 

+O.072 

+O.073 

+O.073 

+O.074 

3-5 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.070 

.070 

.070 

.071 

.071 

.072 

.072 

4.0 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.070 

.070 

.070 

.071 

4-5 

.065 

.066 

.066 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.069 

5-o 

.064 

.065 

.065 

.065 

.066 

.066 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

5.5 

4-0.063 

+O.063 

+0.064 

+0.064 

+0.064 

+O.065 

+0.065 

+O.066 

+O.066 

+0.067 

6.o 

.061 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.063 

.064 

.064 

.065 

.065 

6-5 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.061 

.062 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.064 

7.0 

•059 

•059 

•059 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.061 

.061 

.062 

.062 

7-5 

.057 

.058 

.058 

.058 

.059 

•059 

.060 

.060 

,060 

.061 

8.0 

+O.056 

+O.056 

+O.057 

+O.057 

+O.057 

+0.058 

+0.058 

+O.059 

+O.059 

+O.059 

8-5 

•055 

.055 

•055 

.056 

.056 

.056 

•057 

•057 

.058 

.058 

9.0 

•053 

.054 

.054 

•054 

.055 

•055 

•055 

.056 

.056 

.056 

9-5 

.052 

.052 

•053 

.053 

•053 

.054 

.054 

.054 

.055 

•055 

10.0 

.051 

.051 

.051 

.052 

.052 

.052 

•053 

•053 

•053 

.054 

10.5 

40.049 

+O.049 

+0.050 

+O.050 

+O.050 

+O.05I 

+O.051 

+O.051 

+O.052 

+O.052 

11. 0 

.048 

.048 

.048 

.049 

.049 

.049 

.050 

.050 

.050 

.051 

11. 5 

.046 

.047 

.047 

.047 

.048 

.048 

.048 

.049 

.049 

.049 

12.0 

•045 

.045 

.046 

.046 

.046 

.047 

.047 

.047 

.048 

.048 

12.5 

.044 

.044 

.044 

•045 

•045 

•045 

.045 

.046 

.046 

.046 

13.0 

40.042 

+O.043 

+O.043 

+O.043 

+O.044 

+O.044 

+0.044 

+O.044 

+O.045 

+O.045 

13-5 

.041 

.041 

.042 

.042 

.042 

.042 

•043 

•043 

•043 

•043 

14.0 

.040 

.040 

.040 

.040 

.041 

.041 

.041 

.042 

.042 

.042 

14-5 

.038 

•039 

•039 

.039 

•039 

.040 

.040 

.040 

.040 

.041 

15.0 

.037 

.037 

•037 

.038 

.038 

.038 

.038 

•039 

•039 

•039 

15.5 

-fo.036 

+0.036 

+0.036 

+O.036 

+O.037 

+O.037 

+O.037 

+O.037 

+O.037 

+O.038 

16.0 

.034 

•034 

.035 

.035 

•035 

•035 

.036 

.036 

.036 

.036 

16.5 

■033 

•033 

•033 

.034 

•034 

.034 

•034 

•034 

.035 

•035 

17.0 

.032 

.032 

.032 

.032 

.032 

•033 

•033 

.033 

•033 

•033 

17-5 

.030 

.030 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.032 

.032 

.032 

18.0 

40.029 

+O.029 

+O.029 

+O.029 

+O.030 

+O.03O 

+O.030 

+O.030 

+O.030 

+O.03I 

18.5 

.027 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.029 

.029 

.029 

.029 

19.0 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.028 

19-5 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.026 

20.0 

.023 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.025 

.025 

20.5 

40.022 

+0.022 

+0.022 

+0.022 

+O.023 

+O.023 

+O.023 

+O.023 

+O.023 

+O.023 

21.0 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

21.5 

.019 

.OI9 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

22.0 

.018 

.018 

.Ol8 

.Ol8 

.018 

.019 

.OI9 

.019 

.OI9 

.019 

22.5 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.018 

23.0 

+0.0T5 

+0.015 

+0.015 

+O.Ol6 

+O.OI6 

+O.Ol6 

+O.OI6 

+O.Ol6 

+O.Ol6 

-fo.016 

23.5 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.015 

.015 

.015 

24.0 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

24.5 

•  Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.012 

25.0 

.010 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

0. 10 

.010 

Sm!7H3onian  Tables. 


102 


Table  46. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther- 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  IN  INCHES. 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

29.8 

30.0 

30.2 

30.4 

30.6 

30.8 

31.0 

31.2 

31.4 

31.6 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

25?5 

4-0.008 

-{-0.009 

4-0.009 

4-O.OO9 

4-O.OO9 

4-0.009 

4-0.009 

4-0.009 

4-0.009 

4-0.009 

26.0 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.008 

.008 

26.5 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.006 

27.0 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

.005 

27.5 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

.003 

28.0 

4-0.002 

4-0.002 

4-0.002 

4-0.002 

4-0.002 

4-0.002 

4-0.002 

4-0.002 

4-0.002 

4-0.002 

28.5 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

0.000 

29.0 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

29-5 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

.002 

30.0 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

30.5 

-0.005 

—0.005 

-0.005 

-0.005 

-0.005 

—0.005 

—0.005 

-0.005 

-0.005 

-0.005 

3i-o 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

.007 

31.5 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.008 

32.0 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.OO9 

.009 

.009 

.009 

.OIO 

.OIO 

.OIO 

32.5 

.010 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.Oil 

33.0 

—0.012 

—0.012 

—0.012 

—0.012 

—0.012 

—0.012 

—0.012 

—0.012 

—0.012 

-0.013 

33-5 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.013 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

.014 

34-0 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.015 

34-5 

.016 

.016 

.Ol6 

.Ol6 

.016 

.Ol6 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.017 

35-o 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.Ol8 

.018 

.018 

.Ol8 

.Ol8 

.018 

.018 

35.5 

—O.OI9 

—O.OI9 

—O.OI9 

—O.OI9 

—O.OI9 

—O.OI9 

—O.OI9 

—O.OI9 

—0.020 

—0.020 

36.0 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.020 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.021 

36.5 

.021 

.021 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.022 

.023 

37-0 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

37-5 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.024 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.025 

.025 

38.0 

-0.025 

—0.026 

—0.026 

—0.026 

—0.026 

—0.026 

—0.026 

—0.027 

—0.027 

—  0.027 

38-5 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.027 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.028 

39-o 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.029 

.029 

.029 

.O29 

.029 

.030 

.030 

39-5 

.029 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.03I 

40.0 

.031 

.031 

.031 

.03I 

.032 

.032 

.032 

.032 

.032 

•033 

40.5 

-0.032 

-0.032 

-O.O33 

-O.O33 

-O.O33 

-O.O33 

-O.O33 

-O.O34 

-O.O34 

-O.O34 

41.0 

.033 

•034 

•034 

.034 

.034 

.035 

•035 

•035 

•035 

•035 

4i.5 

•035 

•035 

.035 

.035 

.036 

.036 

.036 

.036 

•037 

.037 

42.0 

.036 

.036 

.037 

.037 

.037 

•0 37 

.038 

.038 

.038 

.038 

42.5 

•  -037 

.038 

.038 

.038 

.038 

•039 

•039 

•039 

.040 

.040 

43.0 

-0.039 

-O.O39 

-O.O39 

—0.040 

—0.040 

—0.040 

—0.040 

—0.041 

—0.041 

—0.041 

43-5 

.040 

.040 

.041 

.041 

.041 

.042 

.042 

.042 

.042 

.043 

44.0 

.042 

.042 

.042 

.042 

.043 

.043 

•043 

.043 

.044 

.044 

44-5 

.043 

•043 

.043 

.044 

.044 

.044 

•045 

•045 

•045 

.045 

45-o 

.044 

•045 

•045 

•045 

.045 

.046 

.046 

.046 

.047 

.047 

45.5 

—0.046 

—O.O46 

—O.046 

-0.047 

-0.047 

-0.047 

-0.047 

—O.O48 

—O.O48 

—O.O48 

46.0 

.047 

.047 

.048 

.048 

.048 

.049 

.049 

.049 

.049 

.050 

46.5 

.048 

.049 

.049 

.049 

.050 

.050 

.050 

.051 

.051 

.051 

47.0 

.050 

.050 

.050 

.051 

.051 

.051 

.052 

.052 

.052 

.053 

47-5 

.051 

.051 

.052 

.052 

.052 

.053 

.053 

•053 

•054 

.054 

48.0 

-0.052 

-0.053 

-0.053 

-0.053 

-0.054 

-0.054 

-0.054 

-0.055 

-0.055 

-0.055 

48.5 

•054 

•054 

.054 

•055 

.055 

•055 

.056 

.056 

•057 

•057 

49-0 

•055 

.055 

.056 

.056 

.057 

•057 

•o  57 

.058 

.058 

.058 

49-5 

.056 

•057 

.057 

.058 

.058 

.058 

.059 

.059 

.059 

.060 

1  50-0 

.058 

.058 

.058 

.059 

.059 

.060 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.061 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


IO3 


Table  46. 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther- 

HEIGHT  OF 

THE  barometer  in  inches. 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

29.8 

30.0 

30.2 

30.4 

30.6 

30.8 

31.0 

31.2 

31.4 

31.6 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

50?5 

-O.059 

-O.059 

—0.060 

—0.060 

—O.061 

—O.061 

—O.061 

—0.062 

—0.062 

-0.063 

51.0 

.060 

.061 

.061 

.062 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.064 

.064 

5i-5 

.062 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.063 

.064 

.064 

.065 

•  065 

.065 

52.0 

.063 

.064 

.064 

.064 

.065 

.065 

.066 

.066 

.066 

.067 

52.5 

.064 

.065 

.065 

.066 

.066 

.067 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

53.0 

—0.066 

—O.066 

—0.067 

—0.067 

—O.068 

—O.068 

—0.068 

—0.069 

—0.069 

—0.070 

53  5 

.067 

.068 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.069 

.070 

.070 

.071 

.071 

54-o 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.070 

.070 

.071 

.071 

.072* 

.072 

•073 

54-5 

.070 

.070 

.071 

.071 

.072 

.072 

.073 

.073 

.074 

.074 

55-o 

.071 

.072 

.072 

•073 

.073 

.074 

.074 

.075 

.075 

•075 

55.5 

-O.073 

-O.073 

-O.074 

-O.074 

-0.074 

-O.075 

-O.075 

—0.076 

—0.076 

-O.077 

56.0 

.074 

.074 

-075 

•075 

.076 

.076 

.077 

.077 

.078 

.078 

56.5 

.075 

.076 

.076 

.077 

.077 

.078 

.078 

.079 

.079 

.080 

57.o 

.077 

.077 

.078 

.078 

.079 

.079 

.080 

.080 

.081 

.081 

57-5 

.078 

.078 

.079 

.079 

.080 

.081 

.081 

.082 

.082 

.083 

58.0 

-O.079 

—0.080 

—0.080 

—O.081 

—0.081 

—0.082 

—0.082 

-0.083 

—0.084 

—0.084 

58.5 

.081 

.081 

.082 

.082 

.083 

.083 

.084 

.084 

.085 

.085 

59-o 

.082 

.083 

.083 

.084 

.084 

.085 

.085 

.086 

.086 

.087 

59-5 

.083 

.084 

.084 

.085 

.086 

.086 

.087 

.087 

.088 

.088 

60.0 

.085 

.085 

.086 

.086 

.087 

.087 

.088 

.089 

.089 

.090 

60.5 

—0.086 

—0.087 

—0.087 

—O.088 

—0.088 

—0.089 

—O.089 

—0.090 

—O.09I 

—O.09I 

61.0 

.087 

.088 

.089 

.089 

.090 

.090 

.091 

.091 

.092 

•093 

61.5 

.089 

.089 

.090 

.090 

.091 

.092 

.092 

.093 

.093 

.094 

62.0 

.090 

.091 

.091 

.092 

.092 

•093 

.094 

.094 

•095 

.095 

62.5 

.09I 

.092 

.093 

•093 

.094 

.094 

.095 

.096 

.096 

.097 

63.0 

-O.093 

-O.093 

—O.094 

-O.095 

-O.O95 

—0.096 

—O.096 

—O.097 

—O.O98 

—0.098 

63-5 

.094 

.095 

•095 

.096 

.097 

.097 

.098 

.098 

.099 

.IOO 

64.0 

.095 

.096 

.097 

.097 

.098 

.099 

.099 

.TOO 

.'IOI 

.IOI 

64-5 

.097 

.097 

.098 

.099 

.099 

.IOO 

.IOI 

.101 

.102 

.103 

65.0 

.098 

•°99 

.099 

.IOO 

.IOI 

.IOI 

.102 

.103 

.103 

.104 

65.5 

—O.O99 

— 0. 100 

— 0.  IOI 

— O.IOI 

— 0. 102 

-0. 103 

-0.103 

—0. 104 

-0.105 

— 0. 105 

66.0 

.IOI 

.101 

.102 

.103 

.103 

.104 

.105 

.106 

.106 

.107 

66.5 

.102 

.103 

.103 

.104 

.105 

.106 

.106 

.107 

.108 

.108 

67.0 

.103 

.104 

.105 

.106 

.106 

.107 

.IO8 

.108 

.IO9 

.IIO 

67-5 

.105 

.106 

.106 

.107 

.108 

.108 

.IO9 

.110 

.IIO 

•  III 

68.0 

— 0. 106 

— 0. 107 

— O.  I08 

— O.  I08 

—0.109 

— O.IIO 

—O.IIO 

— O.III 

— O.II2 

-0.II3 

68.5 

.107 

.108 

.109 

.no 

.IIO 

.III 

.112 

.113 

•113 

.114 

69.0 

.IO9 

.110 

.IIO 

.111 

.112 

.112 

.113 

.114 

•115 

•115 

69-5 

.IIO 

.111 

.112 

.112 

•113 

.114 

.115 

.115 

.Il6 

.117 

70.0 

.112 

.112 

•113 

.114 

•115 

•115 

.Il6 

.117 

.117 

.Il8 

70.5 

-0.1 13 

— 0.114 

— O.II4 

-0.115 

— O.Il6 

— O.II7 

— O.II7 

— 0.118 

— O.II9 

—0.120 

71.0 

.114 

.115 

.Il6 

.116 

.117 

.Il8 

.119 

.120 

.120 

.121 

7i-5 

.Il6 

.116 

.117 

.118 

.119 

.119 

.120 

.121 

.122 

.123 

72.0 

.117 

.118 

.118 

.119 

.120 

.121 

.122 

.122 

.123 

.124 

72.5 

.118 

.119 

.120 

.121 

.121 

.122 

.123 

.124 

.125 

•125 

73.0 

—0.120 

—0.120 

— O.I2I 

—0.122 

-0.123 

—0.124 

—0.124 

-0.125 

—0.126 

—0.127 

73-5 

.121 

.122 

.123 

.123 

.124 

.125 

.126 

.127 

.127 

.128 

74.0 

.122 

.123 

.124 

.125 

.126 

.126 

.127 

.128 

.129 

.130 

74-5 

.124 

.124 

.125 

.126 

.127 

.128 

.129 

.129 

.130 

.131 

75-o 

.125 

.126 

.127 

.127 

.128 

.129 

.130 

•131 

.132 

.132 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


104 


Table  46 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Attached 

Ther- 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  IN  INCHES. 

Fahren¬ 

heit. 

29.8 

30.0 

30.2 

30.4 

30.6 

30.8 

31.0 

31.2 

31.4 

31.6 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

75?5 

—0.126 

—O.127 

—0.128 

—O.129 

-O.130 

-O.131 

-0.131 

-O.132 

-0.133 

-0.134 

76.0 

.128 

.128 

.129 

.130 

.131 

.132 

.133 

.134 

.134 

•135 

76.5 

.129 

.130 

.131 

.132 

.132 

•133 

.134 

•135 

.136 

.137 

77.0 

.130 

•131 

.132 

•133 

.134 

.135 

.136 

.136 

.137 

.138 

77-5 

.132 

.133 

•133 

.134 

•135 

.136 

•137 

.138 

.139 

.140 

78.0 

-0.133 

-0.134 

-0.135 

-O.136 

-O.137 

-0.137 

-0.138 

-0.139 

— 0. 140 

— O.141 

78.5 

.134 

.135 

.136 

.137 

.138 

.139 

.140 

.141 

.142 

.142 

79.0 

.136 

.137 

•137 

.138 

•139 

.140 

.141 

.142 

•143 

.144 

79-5 

•137 

.138 

•139 

.140 

.141 

.142 

•143 

.143 

.144 

•145 

80.0 

.138 

•139 

.140 

.141 

.142 

•M3 

.144 

.145 

.146 

.147 

80.5 

—O.140 

— O.141 

—O.142 

— 0. 142 

-0.143 

-O.144 

-0.145 

— 0. 146 

-O.147 

—0.148 

81.0 

.141 

.142 

•143 

.144 

.145 

.146 

.147 

.148 

.149 

.150 

81.5 

.142 

•143 

.144 

.145 

.146 

.147 

.148 

.149 

.150 

.151 

82.0 

.144 

•145 

.146 

.147 

.148 

.149 

.149 

.150 

•151 

.152 

82.5 

.145 

.146 

.147 

.148 

.149 

.150 

.151 

.152 

•153 

•154 

83.0 

— 0. 146 

-O.147 

—  O.148 

-O.149 

-0. 150 

-O.15 1 

-O.152 

-0.153 

-0. 154 

-0.155 

83.5 

.148 

.149 

.150 

.151 

.152 

•153 

.154 

.155 

.156 

•157 

84.0 

.149 

.150 

.151 

.152 

•153 

•154 

•155 

.156 

•157 

.158 

84.5 

.150 

.151 

.152 

.153 

.154 

•155 

.156 

.157 

.158 

•159 

85.0 

.152 

•153 

•154 

•155 

.156 

•157 

.158 

.159 

.160 

.161 

85.5 

-0.153 

-O.154 

-0.155 

-0.156 

-0.157 

—O.158 

-0.159 

—O.160 

— O.161 

—0.162 

86.0 

.154 

•155 

.156 

.158 

•159 

.160 

.161 

.162 

.163 

.164 

86.5 

.156 

.157 

.158 

.159 

.160 

.l6l 

.162 

.163 

.164 

.165 

87.0 

•157 

.158 

.159 

.160 

.161 

.162 

.163 

.164 

.166 

.167 

87.5 

.158 

•159 

.161 

.162 

.163 

.164 

.165 

.166 

.167 

.168 

83.0 

—O.160 

— O.161 

—0.162 

-O.163 

—0.164 

-O.165 

—O.166 

—0.167 

— 0. 168 

—0.169 

88.5 

.161 

.162 

.163 

.164 

.165 

.166 

.168 

.169 

.170 

•171 

89.0 

.162 

.164 

.165 

.166 

.167 

.168 

.169 

.170 

.171 

.172 

89-5 

.164 

.165 

.166 

.167 

.168 

.169 

.170 

.171 

•173 

.174 

90.0 

.165 

.166 

.167 

.168 

.170 

.171 

.172 

•173 

.174 

•175 

90.5 

—O.166 

—O.168 

— 0. 169 

—O.170 

— O.171 

—O.172 

-0.173 

-0.174 

-O.175 

—O.176 

91.0 

.168 

.169 

.170 

.171 

.172 

.173 

•175 

.176 

.177 

.178 

9i-5 

.169 

.170 

.171 

.173 

.174 

•175 

.176 

.1 77 

.178 

.179 

92.0 

.170 

.172 

.173 

.174 

•175 

.176 

.177 

.178 

.180 

.180 

.181 

92.5 

.172 

•173 

.174 

.175 

.176 

.178 

.179 

.181 

.182 

93.0 

-0.173 

-O.174 

-0.175 

-0.177 

—O.178 

-0.179 

—0.180 

— 0.181 

—O.182 

—O.184 

93-5 

.174 

.176 

.177 

.178 

.179 

.180 

.181 

.183 

.184 

.185 

94.0 

.176 

.177 

.178 

.179 

.180 

.182 

.183 

.184 

.185 

.186 

94-5 

.177 

.178 

.179 

.181 

.182 

.183 

.184 

.185 

.187 

.188 

95-0 

.178 

.180 

.181 

.182 

.183 

.184 

.186 

.187 

.188 

.189 

95.5 

— 0. 180 

— O.181 

—O.182 

-O.183 

-O.185 

—O.186 

—0.187 

—0.188 

—0.189 

— 0. 191 

96.0 

.181 

.182 

.184 

.185 

.186 

.187 

.188 

.190 

.191 

.192 

96.5 

.182 

.184 

.185 

.186 

.187 

.189 

.190 

.191 

.192 

•193 

97.0 

.184 

.185 

.186 

.187 

.189 

.190 

.191 

.192 

.194 

.195 

97-5 

.185 

.186 

.188 

.189 

.190 

.191 

•193 

.194 

.195 

.196 

98.0 

—O.186 

—O.188 

ON 

00 

o' 

1 

—O.I90 

— 0.I9I 

-0.193 

-O.194 

-0.195 

—O.196 

—O.I98 

98.5 

.188 

.189 

.190 

.192 

.193 

.194 

.195 

.197 

.198 

•I99 

99.0 

.189 

.190 

.192 

.193 

.194 

.195 

.197 

.198 

.199 

.201 

99-5 

.190 

.192 

.193 

.194 

.196 

.197 

.198 

•T99 

.201 

.202 

100.0 

.192 

•193 

.194 

.196 

.197 

.198 

.200 

.201 

.202 

.203 

8MITHS0NIAN  Tables. 

105 


Table  47. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 


FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


Attached 

Ther 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  IN  MILLIMETERS. 


momeier 

Centi¬ 

grade. 

440 

450 

460 

470 

480 

490 

500 

510 

520 

530 

540 

550 

560 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

o:o 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.5 

.04 

.04 

.04 

.04 

.04 

.04 

.04 

.04 

.04 

.04 

.04 

.04 

•05 

1.0 

.07 

.07 

.08 

.08 

.08 

.08 

.08 

.08 

.08 

.09 

.09 

.09 

.09 

i-5 

.11 

.11 

.11 

.12 

.12 

.12 

.12 

.12 

•13 

•13 

.13 

•13 

.14 

2.0 

.14 

.15 

.15 

•15 

.16 

.16 

.16 

•17 

.17 

•17 

.18 

.18 

.18 

2.5 

0.18 

0.18 

0.19 

O.I9 

0. 20 

0.20 

0.20 

0.21 

0.21 

0. 22 

0.22 

0.22 

0.23 

3-o 

.22 

.22 

.23 

•23 

•24 

•24 

.24 

•25 

•25 

.26 

.26 

.27 

•27 

3-5 

.25 

.26 

.26 

.27 

.27 

.28 

•29 

•29 

•30 

•30 

•31 

•31 

•32 

4.0 

.29 

.29 

•30 

•31 

•3i 

•32 

•33 

•33 

•34 

•35 

•35 

•36 

•37 

4-5 

•32 

•33 

•34 

•35 

•35 

•36 

•37 

•37 

.38 

•39 

.40 

.40 

.41 

5.0 

O.36 

0.37 

0.38 

O.38 

0-39 

0.40 

0.41 

0.42 

0.42 

0.43 

0.44 

0-45 

0.46 

5-5 

.40 

.40 

.41 

.42 

•43 

.44 

•45 

.46 

•47 

.48 

.48 

•49 

•50 

6.0 

•43 

.44 

•45 

.46 

•47 

.48 

•49 

•50 

•51 

•52 

•53 

•54 

•55 

6.5 

•47 

.48 

•49 

•50 

•  51 

•52 

•53 

•54 

•55 

.56 

•57 

.58 

•59 

7.0 

.50 

•51 

•53 

•54 

•55 

•56 

•57 

.58 

•59 

.61 

.62 

•63 

.64 

7.5 

0-54 

0.55 

0.56 

O.58 

o.59 

0.60 

0.61 

0.62 

0.64 

0.65 

0. 66 

0.67 

0.69 

80 

•57 

•59 

.60 

.61 

•63 

.64 

.65 

.67 

.68 

.69 

.70 

•72 

•73 

8-5 

.6l 

.62 

.64 

•65 

.67 

.68 

.69 

•71 

.72 

•73 

•75 

.76 

.78 

9.0 

.65 

.66 

.68 

.69 

.70 

•72 

•73 

•75 

.76 

•78 

•79 

.81 

.82 

9-5 

.68 

.70 

•7i 

•73 

•74 

.76 

-77 

•79 

.81 

.82 

.84 

.85 

.87 

10  0 

0.72 

0.73 

0-75 

0.77 

0.78 

0.80 

0.82 

0.83 

0.85 

0.86 

0.88 

0.90 

0.91 

10.5 

•75 

•77 

•79 

.80 

.82 

.84 

.86 

.87 

•89 

.91 

.92 

•94 

.96 

11. 0 

•79 

.81 

.83 

.84 

.86 

.88 

.90 

•9i 

•93 

•95 

•97 

•99 

1. 00 

Ji. 5 

.83 

.84 

.86 

.88 

.90 

•92 

•94 

.96 

.98 

•99 

1. 01 

1.03 

1.05 

12.0 

.86 

.88 

.90 

•92 

.94 

.96 

.98 

1. 00 

1.02 

1.04 

1.06 

1.08 

1. 10 

13.0 

0  93 

0-95 

0.97 

1. 00 

1.02 

1.04 

1.06 

1.08 

I. TO 

1. 12 

1. 14 

1. 17 

1. 19 

14.0 

1. 00 

1.03 

1.05 

1.07 

1. 10 

1. 12 

1. 14 

1. 16 

1. 19 

1. 21 

1-23 

1.25 

1.28 

15.0 

1.08 

1  10 

1. 12 

1.15 

1. 17 

1.20 

1.22 

1-25 

1.27 

1.30 

1-32 

i-34 

i-37 

16.0 

115 

1.17 

1.20 

1.23 

1-25 

1.28 

1.30 

i-33 

I.36 

1.38 

Mi  | 

i-43 

1.46 

17.0 

1.22 

1.25 

1.27 

1.30 

1-33 

1.36 

1.38 

1.41 

1.44 

1.47 

1.50 

1.52 

1-55 

18.0 

1.29 

1.32 

1-35 

1.38 

1.41 

1.44 

1.47 

1.50 

1.52 

1-55 

1.58 

1. 61 

1.64 

19.0 

1.36 

i-39 

1.42 

i-45 

1.49 

1.52 

1-55 

1.58 

1. 6l 

1.64 

1.67 

1.70 

i-73 

20.0 

1-43 

1.47 

1.50 

i-53 

1.56 

1.60 

1.63 

1.66 

I.69 

i-73 

1.76  j 

1-79 

1.82 

21.0 

1.50 

i-54 

i-57 

1.61 

1.64 

1.67 

1.71 

1.74 

I.78 

1.81 

1-85 

1.88 

1.91 

22.0 

1.58 

1.61 

1.65 

1.68 

1.72 

1-75 

1.79 

183 

1.86 

1.90 

i-93 

1.97 

2.01 

23.0 

1.65 

1.68 

1.72 

1.76 

1.80 

1:83 

1.87 

1.91 

1-95 

1.98 

2.02 

2.06 

2.10 

24.0 

1.72 

1.76 

1.80 

1.84 

1.87 

1.91 

I-95 

1.99 

2.03 

2.07 

2. 11 

2.15 

2.19 

25.0 

1.79 

1.83 

1.87 

1.91 

i-95 

1.99 

2.03 

2.07 

2. 11 

2.16 

2.20 

2.24 

2.28 

26.0 

1.86 

1.90 

i-95 

1.99 

2.03 

2.07 

2.11 

2.16 

2.20 

2.24 

2.28 

2-33 

2.37 

27.0 

1-93 

1.98 

2.02 

2.06 

2.11 

2.15 

2.20 

2.24 

2.28 

2-33 

2-37 

2.41 

2.46 

28.0 

2.00 

2.05 

2.09 

2.14 

2.18 

2.23 

2.28 

2.32 

2-37 

2.41 

2.46 

2.50 

2-55 

29.0 

2.07 

2.12 

2.17 

2.22 

2.26 

2.31 

2.36 

2.40 

2.45 

2.50 

2-55 

2-59 

2.64 

30.0 

2.15 

2.19 

2.24 

2.29 

2-34 

2-39 

2.44 

2.49  I 

i  2  54 

2.58 

2.63 

2.68 

2-73 

3iQ 

2.22 

2.27 

2.32 

2-37 

2.42 

2.47 

2.52 

2-57 

2.02 

2.67 

2.72 

2.77 

2.82 

32.0 

2.29 

2-34 

2-39 

2.44 

2.50 

2-55 

2.60 

2.65 

2.70 1 

2.76 

2.81 

2  86 

2.91 

33.0 

2.36 

2.41 

2-47 

2.52 

2.57 

2.63 

2.68 

2-73 

2.79 

2.84 

2.89 

2-95 

3.00 

34-0 

2-43 

2.48 

2-54 

2.60 

2.65 

2.71 

2.76 

2.82 

2.87 

2-93 

2.98 

3.04 

3-°9 

35-o 

2.50 

2-55 

2.61 

2.67 

2-73 

2.78 

2.84 

2.90 

2.96 

301 

.3-07 

3-13 

3.18 

Smithsonian  Tables 


106 


Table  47 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

560  mm. 

570  mm. 

Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer. 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

0.04 

O.05 

O.07 

0.00 

0.02 

0.04 

O.06 

O.07 

1 

.09 

.11 

•13 

•15 

.16 

.09 

.11 

•13 

•15 

•17 

2 

.18 

.20 

.22 

.24 

.26 

.19 

.20 

.22 

.24 

.26 

3 

•27 

•29 

.31 

•33 

•35 

.28 

•30 

•32 

•34 

•35 

4 

•37 

.38 

.40 

.42 

•44 

•37 

•39 

.41 

•43 

•45 

5 

0.46 

O.48 

O.49 

0.51 

o-53 

0.47 

0.48 

0.50 

0.52 

o.54 

6 

•55 

•57 

.58 

.60 

.62 

.56 

.58 

.60 

.61 

•63 

7 

.64 

.66 

.68 

.69 

•  7i 

.65 

.67 

.69 

•  71 

•73 

8 

•73 

•  75 

•77 

•79 

.80 

•  74 

.76 

•78 

.80 

.82 

9 

.82 

.84 

.86 

.88 

.90 

.84 

.86 

•87 

.89 

.91 

10 

0.91 

o-93 

0-95 

0.97 

0.99 

o-93 

0-95 

O.97 

0.99 

1. 00 

11 

1. 00 

1.02 

1.04 

1.06 

1.08 

1.02 

1.04 

1.06 

1.08 

1. 10 

12 

1. 10 

1. 11 

I-I3 

I-I5 

1. 17 

1. 12 

I-I3 

I.I5 

1.17 

1.19 

13 

I-I9 

1.20 

1.22 

1.24 

1.26 

1. 21 

1.23 

1-25 

1.26 

1.28 

14 

1.28 

1.30 

i-3i 

i-33 

i-35 

1.30 

1.32 

i-34 

1.36 

1-37 

15 

1-37 

*•39 

1.41 

1.42 

1.44 

1-39 

1.41 

1-43 

1-45 

1.47 

16 

1.46 

1.48 

1.50 

1. 5i 

i-53 

1.49 

1.50 

1.52 

i-54 

1.56 

17 

1-55 

1-57 

i-59 

1. 61 

1.62 

1.58 

1.60 

1.62 

1.63 

1.65 

18 

1.64 

1.66 

1.68 

1.70 

1. 71 

1.67 

1.69 

1.71 

1-73 

1-75 

19 

1-73 

i-75 

1.77 

1.79 

1. 81 

1.76 

1.78 

1.80 

1.82 

1.84 

20 

1.82 

1.84 

1.86 

1.88 

1.90 

1.86 

1.87 

1.89 

1.91 

i-93 

21 

I-9I 

i-93 

i-95 

1.97 

I-99 

i-95 

1.97 

1.99 

2.00 

2.02 

22 

2.01 

2.02 

2.04 

2.06 

2.08 

2.04 

2.06 

2.08 

2.10 

2. 11 

23 

2.10 

2. 11 

2.13 

2.15 

2.17 

2.13 

2.15 

2.17 

2.19 

2.21 

24 

2.19 

2.20 

2.22 

2.24 

2.26 

2.23 

2.24 

2.26 

2.28 

2.30 

25 

2.28 

2.30 

2.31 

2.33 

2.35 

2.32 

2-34 

2-35 

2-37 

2.39 

26 

2.37 

2-39 

2.40 

2.42 

2.44 

2.41 

2-43 

2.45 

2  47 

2.48 

27 

2.46 

2.48 

2.49 

2.51 

2-53 

2.50 

2.52 

2-54 

2.56 

2.58 

28 

2.55 

2-57 

2.59 

2.60 

2.62 

2-59 

2.61 

2.63 

2.65 

2.67 

29 

2.64 

2.66 

2.68 

2.69 

2.71 

2.69 

2.71 

2.72 

2.74 

2.76 

30 

2-73 

2-75 

2.77 

2.78 

2.80 

2.78 

2.80 

2.82 

2.83 

2.85 

3i 

2.82 

2.84 

2.86 

2.87 

2.89 

2.87 

2.89 

2.91 

2-93 

2.94 

32 

2.91 

2-93 

2-95 

2.97 

2.98 

2.96 

2.98 

3.00 

3.02 

3.04 

33 

3.00 

3.02 

3-04 

3.06 

3-07 

3.06 

3-07 

3-09 

3-11 

3.i3 

34 

3-09 

3-11 

3-13 

3-15 

3-i6 

3-15 

3-i7 

3- 18 

3.20 

3.22 

35 

3.18 

3.20 

3-22 

3-24 

3-25 

3-2*1 

3.26 

3.28 

3.29 

3-31 

107 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


Table  47 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

580  mm. 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

590  mm. 

Attached 

Ther- 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

mometer. 

C 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

0.04 

0.06 

0.08 

0.00 

0.02 

0.04 

0.06 

O.08 

I 

.09 

.11 

•13 

•15 

•17 

.IO 

.12 

•13 

•15 

•17 

2 

•19 

.21 

•23 

•25 

.27 

.19 

.21 

•23 

•25 

•27 

3 

.28 

•30 

•32 

•34 

.36 

.29 

•31 

•33 

•35 

•37 

4 

.38 

.40 

.42 

.44 

•45 

•39 

.40 

•42 

•44 

.46 

5 

O.47 

O.49 

O.51 

0-53 

0-55 

0.48 

0.50 

0.52 

0.54 

0.56 

6 

•57 

•59 

.61 

.62 

.64 

.58 

.60 

.62 

.64 

.65 

7 

.66 

.68 

.70 

.72 

•74 

.67 

.69 

•  71 

•73 

•75 

8 

.76 

.78 

•79 

.81 

.83 

•  77 

•79 

.81 

.83 

.85 

9 

.85 

.87 

.89 

•91 

•93 

.87 

.89 

.90 

•92 

•94 

10 

0-95 

0.96 

0.98 

I. OO 

1.02 

0.96 

0.98 

1. 00 

1.02 

1.04 

ii 

1.04 

1.06 

1.08 

I. IO 

1. 12 

1.06 

1.08 

I.IO 

1. 12 

1. 14 

12 

1. 13 

I-I5 

1.17 

1. 19 

1. 21 

I*I5 

1. 17 

I-I9 

1. 21 

1.23 

13 

1.23 

1-25 

1.27 

I.29 

1.30 

1.25 

1.27 

1.29 

1.31 

1-33 

14 

1.32 

1-34 

1.36 

1.38 

1.40 

I*35 

1-37 

1.38 

1.40 

1.42 

15 

1.42 

1.44 

1.46 

I.47 

1.49 

1.44 

1.46 

1.48 

1.50 

1.52 

16 

i.5i 

1-53 

i-55 

i-57 

i-59 

1-54 

1.56 

1.58 

1.60 

1. 61 

17 

1. 61 

1.62 

1.64 

1.66 

1.68 

1.63 

1.65 

1.67 

1.69 

1. 71 

18 

1.70 

1.72 

1.74 

1.76 

1.78 

1-73 

i-75 

1.77 

1.79 

1. 81 

19 

1.79 

1. 81 

1.83 

1.85 

1.87 

1.83 

1.84 

1.86 

1.88 

1.90 

20 

1.89 

1.91 

i-93 

1-95 

1.96 

1.92 

1.94 

1.96 

1.98 

2.00 

21 

1.98 

2.00 

2.02 

2.04 

2.06 

2.02 

2.04 

2.06 

2.07 

2.09 

22 

2.08 

2.10 

2. 1 1 

2.13 

2.15 

2.11 

2.13 

2.15 

2.17 

2.19 

23 

2.17 

2.19 

2.21 

2.23 

2.25 

2.21 

2.23 

2.25 

2.27 

2.28 

24 

2.26 

2.28 

2.30 

2.32 

2-34 

2.30 

2.32 

2-34 

2.36 

2.38 

25 

2.36 

2.38 

2.40 

2.41 

2-43 

2.40 

2.42 

2.44 

2.46 

2.48 

26 

2-45 

2.47 

2.49 

2.51 

2.53 

2.49 

2.51 

2-53 

2-55 

2-57 

27 

2.55 

2-57 

2.58 

2.60 

2.62 

2-59 

2.61 

2.63 

2.65 

2.67 

28 

2.64 

2.66 

2.68 

2.70 

2.72 

2.69 

2.70 

2.72 

2.74 

2.76 

29 

2-73 

2.75 

2.77 

2.79 

2.81 

2.78 

2.80 

2.82 

2.84 

2.86 

30 

2.83 

2.85 

2.87 

2.88 

2.90 

2.88 

2.90 

2.91 

2-93 

2-95 

3i 

2.92 

2.94 

2.96 

2.98 

3.00 

2.97 

2.99 

3.01 

3-03 

3-°5 

32 

3.02 

3-03 

3-05 

3-07 

3-09 

3-07 

3-09 

3-11 

3.12 

3-i4 

33 

3-II 

3-13 

3-i5 

•3-i6 

3.18 

3.16 

3- 18 

3.20 

3.22 

3-24 

34 

3.20 

3-22 

3-24 

3.26 

3.28 

3.26 

3-28 

3-30 

3-3i 

3-33 

35 

3-30 

3.3i 

3-33 

3*35 

3-37 

3-35 

3-37 

3-39 

3-4i 

3*43 

1 

StuTHsoNiAN  Tables. 

108 


Table  47. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

600  mm.  605  mm. 


Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer. 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

G?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

O.04 

O.06 

O.08 

0.00 

0.02 

O.04 

0.06 

0.08 

1 

.10 

.12 

.14 

.16 

.18 

.10 

.12 

.14 

.16 

.18 

2 

.20 

.22 

.24 

.25 

•27 

.20 

.22 

•24 

.26 

.28 

3 

.29 

•31 

•33 

•35 

•37 

.30 

•32 

•34 

.36 

.38 

4 

•39 

.41 

•43 

•45 

•47 

.40 

.41 

•43 

•45 

•47 

5 

0.49 

0.51 

0.53 

0-55 

0-57 

O.49 

0.51 

o.53 

0.55 

0.57 

6 

•59 

.6l 

•63 

.65 

.67 

•59 

.6l 

.63 

.65 

.67 

7 

.69 

.70 

•  72 

•74 

.76 

.69 

•71 

•73 

•75 

•77 

8 

.78 

.80 

.82 

.84 

.86 

•79 

.8l 

.83 

.85 

•87 

9 

.88 

.90 

•92 

•94 

.96 

.89 

.91 

•93 

•95 

•97 

10 

0.98 

I. OO 

1.02 

1.04 

1.06 

0.99 

1. 0-1 

1.03 

1.05 

1.07 

11 

1.08 

I. IO 

1. 12 

I-I3 

1.15 

1.09 

I.IO 

1. 12 

1. 14 

1. 16 

12 

1.17 

I-I9 

1. 21 

1.23 

1.25 

1. 18 

1.20 

1.22 

1.24 

1.26 

1.3 

1.27 

1.29 

I’3I 

t-33 

i-35 

1.28 

1.30 

1.32 

i-34 

1.36 

14 

1-37 

i-39 

1.41 

1-43 

1-45 

1.38 

I.40 

1.42 

1.44 

1.46 

15 

1.47 

1.49 

1.51 

1-53 

i-54 

1.48 

1.50 

1.52 

1-54 

1.56 

16 

1.56 

1.58 

1.60 

1.62 

1.64 

1.58 

1.60 

1.62 

1.64 

1.66 

17 

1.66 

1.68 

1.70 

1.72 

1.74 

1.68 

1.70 

I-71 

1-73 

i-75 

18 

1.76 

1.78 

1.80 

1.82 

1.84 

1.77 

1.79 

1. 81 

1.83 

1.85 

19 

1.86 

1.88 

1.90 

1.91 

i-93 

1.87 

I.89 

1.91 

i-93 

i-95 

20 

1-95 

1.97 

1.99 

2.01 

2.03 

1.97 

1.99 

2.01 

2.03 

2.05 

21 

2.05 

2.07 

2.09 

2. 1 1 

2.13 

2.07 

2.09 

2. 11 

2.13 

2.15 

22 

2.15 

2.17 

2.19 

2.21 

2.23 

2.17 

2.19 

2.21 

2.23 

2.24 

23 

2.25 

2.26 

2.28 

2.30 

2.32 

2.26 

2.28 

2.30 

2.32 

2-34 

24 

2-34 

2.36 

2.38 

2.40 

2.42 

2.36 

2.38 

2.40 

2.42 

2.44 

25 

2.44 

2.46 

2.48 

2.50 

2.52 

2.46 

2.48 

2.50 

2.52 

2.54 

26 

2.54 

2.56 

2.58 

2.60 

2.61 

2.56 

2.58 

2.60 

2.62 

2.64 

2  7 

2.63 

2.65 

2.67 

2.69 

2.71 

2.66 

2.68 

2.70 

2.71 

2-73 

28 

2-73 

2.75 

2.77 

2-79 

2.81 

2-75 

2-77 

2.79 

2.81 

2.83 

29 

2.83 

2.85 

2.87 

2.89 

2.91 

2.85 

2.87 

2.89 

2.91 

2-93 

30 

2-93 

2.94 

2.96 

2.98 

3.00 

2-95 

2.97 

2-99 

3.01 

3-03 

3i 

3.02 

3-04 

3.06 

3.08 

3.10 

3-05 

3-07 

3-09 

3- 11 

3-i3 

32 

3.12 

3-i4 

3-i6 

3.18 

3.20 

3-15 

3.i6 

3.18 

3.20 

3.22 

33 

3.22 

3-24 

3-25 

3-27 

3-29 

3-24 

3.26 

3.28 

3-30 

3-32 

34 

3-3i 

3-33 

3-35 

3-37 

3-39 

3-34 

3-36 

3.38 

3-40 

3-42 

35 

341 

3-43 

3-45 

3-47 

3-49 

3-44 

3-46 

348 

3-50 

3-52 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

109 


Table  47. 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 


FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

610  mm. 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

615  mm. 

Attached 

Ther- 

0?0 

0?2 

0°4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

mometer. 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

O.04 

O.06 

0.08 

0.00 

0.02 

O.04 

0.06 

O.08 

I 

.10 

.12 

.14 

.16 

.18 

.IO 

.12 

.14 

.16 

.18 

2 

.20 

.22 

.24 

.26 

.28 

.20 

.22 

.24 

.26 

.28 

3 

•30 

•32 

•34 

•36 

.38 

•30 

•32 

•34 

•36 

.38 

4 

.40 

.42 

.44 

.46 

.48 

.40 

.42 

.44 

.46 

•48 

5 

0.50 

0.52 

0.54 

0.56 

O.58 

0.50 

O.52 

0.54 

0.56 

O.58 

6 

.60 

.62 

.64 

.66 

.68 

.60 

.62 

.64 

.66 

.68 

7 

.70 

.72 

•  74 

•  76 

.78 

.70 

.72 

•74 

.76 

•  78 

8 

.80 

.82 

.84 

.86 

.88 

.80 

.82 

•84 

.86 

.88 

9 

.90 

.92 

.94 

.96 

.98 

.90 

.92 

.94 

.96 

.98 

10 

O.99 

I. OI 

1.03 

1.05 

1.07 

1.00 

1.02 

1.04 

1.06 

1.08 

n 

I.09 

I. II 

I*I3 

i- 15 

1.17 

I.IO 

1. 12 

1. 14 

1. 16 

1.18 

12 

I*I9 

1. 21 

1.23 

1.25 

1.27 

1.20 

1.22 

1.24 

1.26 

1.28 

13 

1.29 

I*3I 

I-33 

i*35 

1-37 

1.30 

1.32 

1-34 

1.36 

1.38 

14 

i-39 

1.41 

1-43 

1-45 

1.47 

1.40 

1.42 

1.44 

1.46 

1.48 

15 

1.49 

I-5I 

i-53 

1-55 

1-57 

1.50 

1.52 

i-54 

1.56 

1.58 

16 

1-59 

1. 61 

1.63 

1.65 

1.67 

1.60 

1.62 

1.64 

1.66 

1.68 

17 

1.69 

1. 71 

1-73 

i-75 

1.77 

1.70 

1.72 

1.74 

1.76 

1.78 

18 

1.79 

1.81 

1.83 

1.85 

1.87 

1.80 

1.82 

1.84 

1.86 

1.88 

19 

1.89 

1.91 

i-93 

i-95 

1.97 

I.9O 

I.92 

1.94 

1.96 

1.98 

20 

1.99 

2.01 

2.03 

2.05 

2.07 

2.00 

2.02 

2.04 

2.06 

2.08 

21 

2.09 

2.10 

2.12 

2.14 

2.16 

2.10 

2.12 

2.14 

2.16 

2.18 

22 

2.18 

2.20 

2.22 

2.24 

2.26 

2.20 

2.22 

2.24 

2.26 

2.28 

23 

2.28 

2.30 

2.32 

2-34 

2.36 

2.30 

2.32 

2-34 

2.36 

2.38 

24 

2.38 

2.40 

2.42 

2.44 

2.46 

2.40 

2.42 

2.44 

2.46 

2.48 

25 

2.48 

2.50 

2.52 

2.54 

2.56 

2.50 

2.52 

2.54 

2.56 

2.58 

26 

2.58 

2.60 

2.62 

2.64 

2.66 

2.60 

2.62 

2.64 

2.66 

2.68 

27 

2.68 

2.70 

2.72 

2.74 

2.76 

2.70 

2.72 

2.74 

2.76 

2.78 

28 

2.78 

2.80 

2.82 

2.84 

2.86' 

2.80 

2.82 

2.84 

2.86 

2.88 

29 

2.88 

2.90 

2.91 

2-93 

2-95 

2.9O 

2.92 

2.94 

2.96 

2.98 

30 

2.97 

2.99 

3.01 

3-03 

3-05 

3.00 

3.02 

3-04 

3-°6 

3.08 

3i 

3-07 

3-09 

3-n 

3-13 

3.15 

3.10 

3.12 

3-i4 

3- 16 

3.18 

32 

3-i7 

3.19 

3.21 

3-23 

3-25 

3.20 

3.22 

3-24 

3.26 

3.28 

33 

3-27 

3-29 

3-3i 

3-33 

3-35 

3-30 

3*32 

3-34 

3-36 

3-38 

34 

3-37 

3-39 

3-4i 

3-43 

3-45 

3-40 

3-42 

3-44 

3-46 

3-48 

35 

3-47 

3-49 

3-5i 

3-53 

3-55 

3-49 

3-5i 

3-53 

3-55 

3-57 

Smithsonian  Table®. 


IIO 


Table  47. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 


METRIC  MEASURES. 

FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OP  THE  BAROMETER 

620  mm. 

HEIGHT  OP  THE  BAROMETER 

625  mm. 

Attached 

Ther- 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

mometer. 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

0.04 

0.06 

0.08 

0.00 

0.02 

0.04 

0.06 

0.08 

i 

.IO 

.12 

.14 

.16 

.18 

.IO 

.12 

.14 

.16 

.18 

2 

.20 

.22 

.24 

.26 

.28 

.20 

.22 

.24 

•  27 

•29 

3 

•30 

•32 

•34 

•36 

.38 

•31 

•33 

•35 

•37 

•39 

4 

.40 

43 

•45 

•47 

49 

41 

•43 

45 

•47 

49 

5 

0.51 

0-53 

o-55 

0-57 

0-59 

0.51 

0-53 

o.55 

0.57 

o.59 

6 

.6l 

.63 

•65 

.67 

.69 

•  6l 

•63 

.65 

•67 

.69 

7 

•71 

•73 

•75 

•77 

•79 

•71 

•73 

•  75 

•78 

.80 

8 

.81 

.83 

.85 

•87 

.89 

.82 

.84 

.86 

.88 

.90 

9 

•91 

•93 

•95 

•97 

•99 

.92 

•94 

.96 

.98 

1. 00 

10 

1. 01 

1.03 

1.05 

1.07 

1.09 

1.02 

1.04 

1.06 

1.08 

1. 10 

ii 

1. 11 

I-I3 

I*I5 

1. 17 

1. 19 

1. 12 

1. 14 

1. 16 

1.18 

1.20 

12 

1. 21 

1.23 

1.25 

1.27 

1.29 

1.22 

1.24 

1.26 

1.28 

1.30 

13 

I*3I 

1-33 

1-35 

1-37 

i-39 

I.32 

1-34 

i-37 

i-39 

1. 41 

14 

1.41 

143 

1.46 

1.48 

1.50 

1-43 

1-45 

1.47 

1.49 

i.5i 

15 

1.52 

1-54 

1.56 

1.53 

1.60 

1-53 

1-55 

1-57 

1-59 

1. 61 

16 

1.62 

1.64 

1.66 

1.68 

1.70 

1.63 

1.65 

1.67 

1.69 

1.71 

17 

1.72 

1.74 

1.76 

1.78 

1.80 

1-73 

1-75 

1.77 

1.79 

1. 81 

18 

1.82 

1.84 

1.86 

1.88 

1.90 

1.83 

1.85 

1.87 

1.89 

1.91 

19 

1.92 

1.94 

1.96 

1.98 

2.00 

i-93 

i-95 

1.97 

1.99 

2.01 

20 

2.02 

2.04 

2.06 

2.08 

2.10 

2.04 

2.06 

2.08 

2.10 

2.12 

21 

2. 12 

2.14 

2.16 

2.18 

2.20 

2.14 

2.16 

2.18 

2.20 

2.22 

22 

2.22 

2.24 

2.26 

2.28 

2.30 

2.24 

2.26 

2.28 

2.30 

2.32 

23 

2.32 

2.34 

2.36 

2.38 

2.40 

2.34 

2.36 

2.38 

2.40 

2.42 

24 

2.42 

2.44 

2.46 

2.48 

2.50 

2.44 

2.46 

2.48 

2.50 

2.52 

25 

2.52 

2.54 

2.56 

2.58 

2.60 

2-54 

2.56 

2.58 

2.60 

2.62 

26 

2.62 

2.64 

2.66 

2.68 

2.70 

2.64 

2.66 

2.68 

2.70 

2.72 

27 

2.72 

2.74 

2.76 

2.78 

2.80 

•  2.74 

2.76 

2.78 

2.80 

2.82 

28 

2.82 

2.84 

2.86 

2.88 

2.90 

2.85 

2.87 

2.89 

2.91 

2-93 

29 

2.92 

2.94 

2.96 

2.98 

3.00 

2-95 

2.97 

2-99 

3.01 

3-03 

30 

3.02 

3-04 

3.06 

3.08 

3.10 

3-05 

3-07 

3-09 

3-n 

3- 13 

3i 

3.12 

3-14 

3- 16 

3-i8 

3.20 

3.15 

3-17 

3-19 

3.21 

3-23 

32 

3.22 

3-24 

3.26 

3.28 

3-30 

3-25 

3-27 

3-29 

3-3i 

3-33 

33 

3.32 

3-34 

3-36 

3-38 

340 

3-35 

3-37 

3-39 

34i 

343 

34 

342 

3-44 

3-46 

3-48 

3-50 

345 

347 

349 

3.5i 

3-53 

35 

3-52 

3-54 

3-56 

3-58 

3.60 

3-55 

3-57 

3-59 

3-6i 

3.63 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


Ill 


Table  47 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED 


HEIGHT  OP  THE  BAROMETER 

630  mm. 

HEIGHT  OP  THE  BAROMETER 

635  mm. 

Attached 

Ther- 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

mometer. 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

0.04 

0.06 

0.08 

0.00 

0.02 

O.04 

O.06 

0.08 

I 

.10 

.12 

.14 

.16 

.19 

.10 

.12 

•15 

•17 

.19 

2 

.21 

•23 

•25 

•27 

.29 

.21 

•23 

•25 

•27 

•29 

3 

.31 

•33 

•35 

•37 

•39 

•31 

•33 

•35 

•37 

•39 

4 

.41 

•43 

•45 

•47 

•49 

•41 

.44 

.46 

.48 

•50 

5 

0.51 

0-53 

0.56 

0.58 

0.60 

0.52 

0.54 

0.56 

0.58 

0.60 

6 

.62 

.64 

.66 

.68 

.70 

.62 

.64 

.66 

.68 

.70 

7 

.72 

•74 

.76 

.78 

.80 

.73 

•75 

•77 

•79 

.81 

8 

.82 

.84 

.86 

.88 

.90 

.83 

•85 

.87 

.89 

•91 

9 

.92 

•95 

•97 

•99 

1. 01 

•93 

•95 

•97 

•99 

1.02 

10 

I.03 

1.05 

1.07 

1.09 

1. 11 

1.04 

1.06 

1.08 

1. 10 

1. 12 

ii 

I*I3 

1.15 

1. 17 

1.19 

1. 21 

1.14 

1. 16 

1.18 

1.20 

1.22 

12 

1.23 

1.25 

1.27 

1.29 

i*3i 

1.24 

1.26 

1.28 

1.30 

1-33 

13 

1-34 

1.36 

1.38 

1.40 

1.42 

i-35 

1-37 

1-39 

1.41 

1.43 

14 

1.44 

1.46 

1.48 

1.50 

1.52 

i-45 

1.47 

1-49 

1.51 

i-53 

15 

1-54 

1.56 

1.58 

1.60 

1.62 

1-55 

1-57 

i-59 

1. 61 

1.63 

16 

1.64 

1.66 

1.68 

1.70 

1.72 

1.66 

1.68 

1.70 

1.72 

1.74 

17 

1.74 

1.77 

1.79 

1. 81 

1.83 

1.76 

1.78 

1.80 

1.82 

1.84 

18 

1.85 

1.87 

1.89 

1. 91 

i-93 

1.86 

1.88 

1.90 

1.92 

1.94 

19 

i-95 

1.97 

1.99 

2.01 

2.03 

1.96 

1.99 

2.01 

2.03 

2.05 

20 

2.05 

2.07 

2.09 

2. 11 

2.13 

2.07 

2.09 

2. 11 

2.13 

2.15 

21 

2.15 

2.17 

2.19 

2.21 

2.24 

2.17 

2.19 

2.21 

2.23 

2.25 

22 

2.26 

2.28 

2.30 

2.32 

2-34 

2.27 

2.29 

2.31 

2-34 

2.36 

23 

2.36 

2.38 

2.40 

2.42 

2.44 

2.38 

2.40 

2.42 

2.44 

2.46 

24 

2.46 

2.48 

2.50 

2.52 

2-54 

2.48 

2.50 

2.52 

2-54 

2.56 

25 

2.56 

2.58 

2.60 

2.62 

2.64 

2.58 

2.60 

2.62 

2.64 

2.66 

26 

2.66 

2.68 

2.70 

2-73 

2-75 

2.69 

2.71 

2-73 

2.75 

2.77 

27 

2.7; 

2-79 

2.81 

2.83 

2.85 

2.79 

2.81 

2.83 

2.85 

2.87 

28 

2.87 

2.89 

2.91 

2-93 

2-95 

2.89 

2.91 

2-93 

2.95 

2.97 

29 

2.97 

2.99 

3-oi 

3-03 

3-05 

2-99 

3.01 

3.03 

3-05 

3.08 

30 

3.07 

3-09 

3- 11 

3-i3 

3-15 

3.10 

3.12 

3.14 

3- 16 

3.18 

3i 

3.17 

3-19 

3.21 

3-23 

3-25 

3.20 

3.22 

3-24 

3.26 

3.2S 

32 

3.28 

3-30 

3-32 

3-34 

3-36 

3-30 

3-32 

3-34 

3-36 

3.38 

33 

3.38 

3-4o 

3-42 

3-44 

3-46 

3-4o 

3-42 

344 

347 

349 

34 

3.48 

3-50 

3-52 

3-54 

3-56 

3-5i 

3-53 

3-55 

3-57 

3-59 

35 

1 

3.58 

3.60 

3.62 

3- 64 

3-66 

3.61 

3-63 

3-65 

3.67 

3-69 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


1 1 2 


Table  47, 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

640  mm. 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

645  mm. 

Attached 

Ther- 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

mometer. 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

O.04 

O.06 

O.08 

0.00 

0.02 

0.04 

O.06 

O.08 

1 

•  IO 

•13 

•15 

•17 

.19 

.11 

•13 

•15 

•17 

.19 

2 

.21 

•23 

•25 

•27 

•29 

.21 

•23 

•25 

•27 

.29 

3 

.31 

•33 

.36 

.38 

.40 

•32 

•34 

.36 

.38 

.40 

4 

.42 

.44 

.46 

.48 

•50 

.42 

.44 

.46 

.48 

•51 

5 

0.52 

0.54 

0.56 

0.59 

O.61 

0.53 

0-55 

0-57 

0-59 

O.61 

6 

•63 

•65 

.67 

.69 

•71 

.63 

.65 

.67 

.69 

•72 

7 

•73 

•75 

•77 

•79 

.81 

•74 

•76 

.78 

.80 

.82 

8 

.84 

.86 

.88 

.90 

•92 

.84 

.86 

.88 

.90 

•93 

9 

.94 

.96 

.98 

1. 00 

1.02 

•95 

•97 

•99 

I. OI 

1.03 

10 

1.04 

1.06 

1.09 

1. 11 

I*I3 

1.05 

1.07 

1.09 

1. 12 

1.14 

11 

1. 15 

!-I7 

1. 19 

1. 21 

1.23 

1. 16 

1.18 

1.20 

1.22 

1.24 

12 

1.25 

1.27 

1.29 

I-3I 

1.34 

1.26 

1.28 

1.30 

I.32 

i-35 

13 

1.36 

1.38 

1.40 

1.42 

1.44 

1-37 

i*39 

1. 41 

i-43 

1-45 

14 

1.46 

1.48 

1.50 

1.52 

i-54 

1.47 

1.49 

I*5I 

i-53 

1.56 

15 

1.56 

1-59 

1. 61 

1.63 

1.65 

1.58 

1.60 

1.62 

1.64 

1.66 

16 

1.67 

1.69 

1.71 

i-73 

1-75 

1.68 

1.70 

1.72 

1.74 

1.77 

17 

1.77 

1.79 

1.81 

1.83 

1.86 

1.79 

1. 81 

1.83 

1.85 

1.87 

18 

1.88 

1.90 

1.92 

1.94 

1.96 

1.89 

I-9I 

i-93 

1-95 

1.97 

19 

1.98 

2.00 

2.02 

2.04 

2.06 

2.00 

2.02 

2.04 

2.06 

2.08 

20 

2.08 

2.10 

2.13 

2.15 

2.17 

2.10 

2.12 

2.14 

2.16 

2.18 

21 

2.19 

2.21 

2.23 

2.25 

2.27 

2.20 

2.23 

2.25 

2.27 

2.29 

22 

2.29 

2.31 

2-33 

2.35 

2-37 

2.31 

2-33 

2-35 

2-37 

2-39 

23 

2.40 

2.42 

2.44 

2.46 

2.48 

2.41 

2-43 

2.46 

2.48 

2.50 

24 

2.50 

2.52 

2-54 

2.56 

2.58 

2.52 

2.54 

2.56 

2.58 

2.60 

25 

2.60 

2.62 

2.64 

2.66 

2.69 

2.62 

2.64 

2.66 

2.69 

2.71 

26 

2.71 

2-73 

2.75 

2.77 

2.79 

2-73 

2-75 

2.77 

2.79 

2.81 

27 

2.81 

2.83 

2.85 

2.87 

2.89 

2.83 

2.85 

2.87 

2.89 

2.92 

28 

2.91 

2-93 

2-95 

2.98 

3.00 

2.94 

2.96 

2.98 

3.00 

3.02 

29 

3.02 

3-04 

3.06 

3.08 

3.10 

3-04 

3.06 

3.08 

3.10 

3.12 

30 

3.12 

3-14 

3- 16 

3.18 

3.20 

3-M 

3-T7 

3-i9 

3.21 

3-23 

3i 

3.22 

3-24 

3-27 

3-29 

3-3i 

3-25 

3-27 

3-29 

3-3i 

3-33 

32 

3-33 

3-35 

3-37 

3-39 

3-4i 

3-35 

3-37 

3-39 

3-42 

3-44 

33 

3-43 

3-45 

3-47 

3-49 

3-5i 

3-46 

3-48 

3*50 

3-52 

3-54 

34 

3-53 

3-55 

3.58 

3  60 

3.62 

3-56 

3.58 

3.60 

3-62 

3-64 

35 

3-64 

3-66 

3.68 

3-70 

3-72 

1 

3-67 

3-69 

3-7i 

3-73 

3-75 

1 13 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


Table  47. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

650  mm. 

655  mm. 

Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer. 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

0.04 

O.06 

O.08 

0.00 

0.02 

O.04 

O.06 

0.09 

I 

.11 

•13 

•15 

•17 

.19 

.11 

•13 

.15 

•17 

.19 

2 

.21 

•23 

•25 

.28 

•30 

.21 

.24 

.26 

.28 

•30 

3 

•32 

•34 

•36 

.38 

.40 

.32 

•34 

•36 

•39 

.41 

4 

.42 

•45 

•47 

•49 

•51 

•43 

•45 

•47 

•49 

•51 

5 

0-53 

0-55 

0.57 

0-59 

0.62 

0-53 

0.56 

O.58 

0.60 

O.62 

6 

.64 

.66 

.68 

.70 

•72 

.64 

.66 

.68 

•71 

•73 

7 

•74 

•76 

.78 

.81 

•S3 

•75 

•77 

•79 

.81 

•S3 

8 

.85 

.87 

.89 

•91 

•93 

.85 

.88 

.90 

.92 

•94 

9 

•95 

.98 

1. 00 

1.02 

1.04 

.96 

.98 

1. 00 

1.03 

1.05 

10 

1.06 

1.08 

1. 10 

1. 12 

1. 14 

1.07 

1.09 

1.11 

1. 13 

I.I5 

11 

I.I7 

1.19 

1. 21 

I.23 

1.25 

1.17 

1.20 

1.22 

1.24 

1.26 

12 

1.27 

1.29 

I*3I 

1-34 

1.36 

1.28 

1.30 

1.32 

1-35 

1-37 

13 

1.38 

1.40 

1.42 

1.44 

1.46 

1-39 

1.41 

1-43 

1-45 

1.47 

14 

1.48 

1.50 

i-53 

1-55 

1-57 

1.49 

1.52 

1-54 

1.56 

1.58 

15 

1-59 

1. 61 

1.63 

1.65 

1.67 

1.60 

1.62 

1.64 

1.66 

1.69 

1.6 

1.69 

1.72 

1.74 

I.76 

1.78 

1.71 

1-73 

1-75 

1.77 

1.79 

17 

1.80 

1.82 

1.84 

1.86 

1.88 

1.81 

1.84 

1.86 

1.88 

1.90 

18 

1.91 

1-93 

i-95 

1.97 

1.99 

1.92 

1.94 

1.96 

1.98 

2.01 

19 

2.01 

2.03 

2.05 

2.07 

2.10 

2.03 

2.05 

2.07 

2.09 

2. 1 1 

20 

2.12 

2.14 

2.16 

2.18 

2.20 

2.13 

2.15 

2.18 

2.20 

2.22 

21 

2.22 

2.24 

2.26 

2.29 

2.31 

2.24 

2.26 

2.28 

2.30 

2.32 

22 

2-33 

2-35 

2-37 

2-39 

2.41 

2-35 

2-37 

2-39 

2.41 

2-43 

23 

2-43 

2-45 

2.47 

2.50 

2.52 

2-45 

2.47 

2.49 

2.52 

2-54 

24 

2-54 

2.56 

2.58 

2.60 

2x62 

2.56 

2.58 

2.60 

2.62 

2.64 

25 

2.64 

2.66 

2.69 

2.71 

2-73 

2.66 

2.68 

2.71 

2-73 

2-75 

26 

2-75 

2.77 

2.79 

2.81 

2.83 

2.77 

2.79 

2.81 

2.83 

2.85 

27 

2.85 

2.87 

2.90 

2.92 

2.94 

2.88 

2.90 

2.92 

2.94 

2.96 

28 

2.96 

2.98 

3.00 

3.02 

3-04 

2.98 

3.00 

3.02 

3-05 

3-07 

29 

3.06 

3.08 

3- 11 

3.13 

3-i5 

3-09 

3-II 

3.13 

3-i5 

3-17 

30 

3-17 

3-19 

3.21 

3-23 

3-25 

3-19 

3.21 

3-24 

3.26 

3.28 

3i 

3-27 

3-30 

3-32 

3-34 

3-36 

3-30 

3-32 

3-34 

3-36 

3-38 

32 

3.38 

340 

3-42 

3-44 

3-46 

3-4i 

3-43 

3-45 

3-47 

3-49 

33 

3-48 

3-5i 

3-53 

3-55 

3-57 

3-5i 

3-53 

3-55 

3-57 

3-6o 

34 

3-59 

3.61 

3-63 

3.65 

.  3-67 

3.62 

3-64 

3-66 

3-68 

3-70 

35 

3-69 

3.7i 

3-74 

3-7  6 

3-78 

3-72 

3-74 

3-76 

3-79 

3.81 

114 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


Table  47 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

660  mm.  665  mm. 


Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer. 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

C. 

ram. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

0.04 

O.06 

O.09 

0.00 

0.02 

O.04 

0.07 

O.09 

I 

.11 

•13 

•15 

•17 

.19 

.11 

•13 

•15 

•  17 

.20 

2 

.22 

•24 

.26 

.28 

•30 

.22 

.24 

.26 

.28 

•30 

3 

•32 

•34 

•37 

•39 

.41 

•33 

•35 

•37 

•39 

41 

4 

•43 

•45 

•47 

•50 

•52 

•43 

.46 

.48 

•50 

•52 

5 

0-54 

O.56 

0.58 

0.60 

0.62 

o.54 

0.56 

0-59 

O.61 

O.63 

6 

.65 

.67 

.69 

•  7i 

•73 

.65 

.67 

.69 

•72 

•74 

7 

•75 

.78 

.80 

.82 

.84 

.76 

•  78 

.80 

.82 

•85 

8 

.86 

.88 

.90 

•93 

•95 

.87 

.89 

.91 

•93 

•95 

9 

•97 

•99 

1. 01 

1.03 

1.05 

•98 

1. 00 

1.02 

1.04 

1.06 

10 

1.08 

1. 10 

1. 12 

1.14 

1. 16 

1.08 

1. 11 

i- 13 

1. 15 

1.17 

ii 

1.18 

1. 21 

1.23 

1.25 

1.27 

1.19 

1. 21 

1.24 

1.26 

1.28 

12 

1.29 

1.31 

i-33 

1.36 

1.38 

1.30 

1.32 

1-34 

1-37 

i-39 

13 

1.40 

1.42 

1.44 

1.46 

1.48 

1.41 

1-43 

145 

1.47 

1.50 

14 

1.51 

i*53 

L55 

i-57 

i-59 

1.52 

1-54 

1.56 

1.58 

1.60 

15 

1. 61 

1.63 

1.66 

1.68 

1.70 

1.63 

1.65 

1.67 

1.69 

1.71 

16 

1.72 

1.74 

1.76 

1.78 

1.81 

1-73 

1.76 

1.78 

1.80 

1.82 

17 

1.83 

1.85 

1.87 

1.89 

1.91 

1.84 

1.86 

1.88 

1.91 

i-93 

18 

i-93 

1.96 

1.98 

2.00 

2.02 

1-95 

1.97 

1.99 

2.01 

2.04 

19 

2.04 

2.06 

2.08 

2. 1 1 

2.13 

2.06 

2.08 

2.10 

2.12 

2.14 

20 

2.15 

2.17 

2.19 

2.21 

2.23 

2.17 

2.19 

2.21 

2.23 

2.25 

21 

2.26 

2.28 

2.30 

2.32 

2.34 

2.27 

2.29 

2.32 

2-34 

2.36 

22 

2.36 

2.38 

2.41 

2-43 

2.45 

2.38 

2.40 

2.42 

2-45 

2.47 

23 

2.47 

2.49 

2.51 

2.53 

2.56 

2.49 

2.51 

2-53 

2-55 

2-57 

24 

2.58 

2.60 

2.62 

2.64 

2.66 

2.60 

2.62 

2.64 

2.66 

2.68 

25 

2.68 

2.71 

2.73 

2-75 

2.77 

2.70 

2-73 

2-75 

2.77 

2.79 

26 

2.79 

2.81 

2.83 

2.85 

2.88 

2.81 

2.83 

2.85 

2.88 

2.90 

27 

2.90 

2.92 

2.94 

2.96 

2.98 

2.92 

2.94 

2.96 

2.98 

3.01 

28 

3.00 

3-03 

3-05 

3-07 

3-09 

3-03 

3-05 

3-07 

3-09 

3-11 

29 

3*11 

3-13 

3-15 

3.18 

3.20 

3.13 

3-j6 

3.18 

3-20 

3-22 

30 

3.22 

3-24 

3.26 

3.28 

3-30 

3.24 

3.26 

3-29 

3-3i 

3-33 

3i 

3-32 

3-35 

3-37 

3-39 

3-41 

3-35 

3-37 

3-39 

34i 

344 

32 

3-43 

3-45 

3-47 

3-49 

3-52 

3-46 

3-48 

3-50 

3-52 

3-54 

33 

3-54 

3-56 

3.58 

3.60 

3.62 

3-56 

3-59 

3.61 

3-63 

3-65 

34 

3-64 

3-67 

3-69 

3-7i 

3-73 

3.67 

3-69 

3-7i 

3*74 

3-76 

35 

3-75 

3-77 

3-79 

3.81 

3-84 

3-78 

.  3-8o 

3-82 

3-84 

3-86 

JI5 


Smithsonian  Table*. 


Table  47. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE 

METRIC  MEASURES. 


FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

670  mm. 

675  mm. 

Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer. 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

O.04 

O.07 

O.09 

0.00 

0.02 

0.04 

O.07 

0.09 

i 

.11 

•13 

•15 

.18 

.20 

.11 

•13 

•  15 

.18 

.20 

2 

.22 

.24 

.26 

.28 

•31 

.22 

•24 

.26 

•29 

•31 

3 

•33 

•35 

•37 

•39 

.42 

•33 

•35 

•37 

.40 

.42 

4 

•44 

.46 

.48 

•50 

•53 

.44 

.46 

.48 

•51 

•53 

5 

o.55 

0-57 

0-59 

0.61 

0.63 

0-55 

o.57 

O.60 

0.62 

0.64 

6 

.66 

.68 

.70 

•72 

•74 

.66 

.68 

•71 

•73 

.75 

7 

•  77 

•79 

.81 

.83 

.85 

•77 

•79 

.82 

.84 

.86 

8 

.87 

.90 

.92 

.94 

.96 

.88 

.90 

•93 

•95 

•97 

9 

.98 

1. 01 

1.03 

1.05 

I.07 

•99 

1. 01 

1.04 

1.06 

1.08 

10 

1.09 

1. 11 

1. 14 

1. 16 

1.18 

1. 10 

1. 12 

1.14 

1.17 

1. 19 

ii 

1.20 

1.22 

1.25 

1.27 

I.29 

1. 21 

1.23 

1.25 

1.28 

1.30 

12 

I*3I 

1-33 

i-35 

1.38 

1.40 

1.32 

1-34 

1.36 

1-39 

1. 41 

13 

1.42 

1.44 

1.46 

1.49 

I- 51 

i-43 

i-45 

1.47 

1.50 

1.52 

14 

i-53 

T-55 

1-57 

1-59 

1.62 

1-54 

1.56 

1.58 

1. 61 

1.63 

15 

1.64 

1.66 

1.68 

1.70 

I.72 

1.65 

1.67 

1.69 

1.72 

1.74 

16 

i-75 

1.77 

1.79 

1. 81 

1.83 

1.76 

1.78 

1.80 

1.83 

1.85 

17 

1.86 

1.88 

1.90 

1.92 

1.94 

1.87 

1.89 

1.91 

1.94 

1.96 

18 

1.96 

1.99 

2.01 

2.03 

2.05 

1.98 

2.00 

2.02 

2.04 

2.07 

19 

2.07 

2.09 

2.12 

2.14 

2.16 

2.09 

2.11 

2.13 

2.15 

2.18 

20 

2.18 

2.20 

2.23 

2.25 

2.27 

2.20 

2.22 

2.24 

2.26 

2.29 

21 

2.29 

2.31 

2-33 

2.36 

2.38 

2.31 

2-33 

2-35 

2-37 

2-39 

22 

2.40 

2.42 

2.44 

2.46 

2.49 

2.42 

2.44 

2.46 

2.48 

2.50 

23 

2.51 

2.53 

2.55 

2-57 

2-59 

2-53 

2-55 

2-57 

2.59 

2.61 

24 

2.62 

2.64 

2.66 

2.68 

2.70 

2.64 

2.66 

2.68 

2.70 

2.72 

25 

2.72 

2-75 

2.77 

2.79 

2.81 

2.74 

2.77 

2.79 

2.81 

2.83 

26 

2.83 

2.85 

2.88 

2.90 

2.92 

2.85 

2.88 

2.90 

2.92 

2.94 

27 

2.94 

2.96 

2.98 

3-QI 

3-03 

2.96 

2.99 

3.01 

3-03 

3-05 

28 

3-05 

3-07 

3.09 

3- 11 

3-14 

3-07 

3-09 

3.12 

3-14 

3.16 

29 

3- 16 

3.18 

3.20 

3.22 

3-24 

3.18 

3.20 

3-23 

3-25 

3-27 

30 

3-27 

3-29 

3-3i 

3-33 

3-35 

3-29 

3-3i 

3-33 

3.36 

3.38 

3i 

3-37 

3.40 

3-42 

3-44 

3-46 

3-40 

3-42 

3-44 

3-47 

3*49 

33 

3-48 

3-50 

3-53 

3-55 

3-57 

3-5i 

3-53 

3-55 

3-57 

3.60 

33 

3-59 

3.61 

3-63 

3-66 

3-68 

3.62 

3-64 

3-66 

3-68 

3-7i 

34 

3-70 

3-72 

3-74 

3-76 

3-79 

3-73 

3-75 

3-77. 

3-79 

3.8i 

35 

3.81 

3-83 

3.85 

3.87 

3.89 

3-84 

3-86 

3-88 

3-90 

3-92 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

116 


Table  47, 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 


FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

680  mm. 

685  mm. 

Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer. 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

0.04 

O.07 

O.09 

0.00 

0.02 

O.04 

0.07 

0.09 

1 

.11 

•13 

.16 

.18 

.20 

.11 

•13 

.16 

.18 

.20 

2 

.22 

.24 

.27 

•29 

•31 

.22 

•25 

.27 

.29 

•31 

3 

•33 

.36 

•38 

.40 

.42 

•34 

•36 

.38 

.40 

•43 

4 

.44 

•47 

.49 

•51 

•53 

.45 

47 

49 

•51 

•54 

5 

0.56 

O.58 

0.60 

O.62 

O.64 

0.56 

0.58 

0.60 

O.63 

0.65 

6 

.67 

.69 

•71 

•73 

•75 

.67 

.69 

•72 

•74 

.76 

7 

.78 

.80 

.82 

.84 

.87 

.78 

.80 

.83 

•85 

.87 

8 

.89 

•91 

•93 

•95 

.98 

.89 

.92 

•94 

.96 

.98 

9 

1. 00 

1.02 

1.04 

1.06 

I.09 

I.OI 

1.03 

1.05 

I.07 

1.09 

10 

I. II 

I- 13 

i- 15 

1. 18 

1.20 

1. 12 

1. 14 

1. 16 

I.18 

1. 21 

11 

1.22 

1.24 

1.26 

1.29 

I-3I 

1.23 

1.25 

1.27 

I.30 

1.32 

12 

1-33 

i-35 

i-37 

1.40 

1.42 

1.34 

1.36 

1.38 

I.41 

1-43 

13 

1.44 

1.46 

1.49 

1-51 

1-53 

1.45 

1.47 

1.50 

1.52 

i-54 

14 

i-55 

i-57 

1.60 

1.62 

1.64 

1.56 

1-59 

1. 61 

I.63 

1.65 

15 

1.66 

1.68 

1.71 

i-73 

1-75 

1.67 

1.70 

1.72 

1.74 

1.76 

16 

1.77 

1.79 

1.82 

1.84 

1.86 

1.79 

1. 81 

1.83 

1.85 

1.87 

17 

1.88 

I-9I 

i-93 

i-95 

1.97 

1.90 

1.92 

1.94 

I.96 

1.99 

18 

1.99 

2.02 

2.04 

2.06 

2.08 

2.01 

2.03 

2.05 

2.07 

2.10 

19 

2.10 

2.13 

2.15 

2.17 

2.19 

2.12 

2.14 

2.16 

2.19 

2.21 

20 

2.21 

2.24 

2.26 

2.28 

2.30 

2.23 

2.25 

2.27 

2.30 

2.32 

21 

2.32 

2-35 

2-37 

2-39 

2.41 

2-34 

2.36 

2-39 

2.41 

2-43 

22 

2-43 

2.46 

2.48 

2.50 

2.52 

2-45 

2.47 

2.50 

2.52 

2-54 

23 

2-54 

2-57 

2-59 

2.61 

2.63 

2.56 

2-59 

2.61 

2.63 

2.65 

24 

2.66 

2.68 

2.70 

2.72 

2.74 

2.67 

2.70 

2.72 

2-74 

2.76 

25 

2.77 

2.79 

2.81 

2.83 

2.85 

2-79 

2.81 

2.83 

2.85 

2.87 

26 

2.88 

2.90 

2.92 

2-94 

2.96 

2.9O 

2.92 

2-94 

2.96 

2-99 

27 

2.99 

3.01 

3-03 

3-05 

3-07 

3.01 

3-03 

3-05 

3-07 

3.10 

28 

3.10 

3.12 

3-i4 

3.16 

3-t8 

3.12 

3-i4 

3.16 

3.18 

3.21 

29 

3.21 

3.23 

3-25 

3-27 

3-29 

3.23 

3-25 

3-27 

3.30 

3.32 

30 

3-32 

3-34 

3.36 

3-38 

3-40 

3-34 

346 

3-38 

34i 

343 

3i 

3-43 

3-45 

3-47 

3-49 

3-5i 

345 

347 

349 

3-52 

3*54 

32 

3-54 

3.56 

3-58 

3.60 

3.62 

3.56 

3.58 

3.61 

3-63 

3-65 

33 

3M 

3-6  7 

3-69 

3-7i 

3-73 

3.67 

3-69 

3-72 

3-74 

3-76 

34 

3-75 

3.78 

3.80 

3.82 

3-84 

3-78 

3-8o 

3-83 

3.85 

3.87 

35 

3-86 

3-89 

3-9i 

3-93 

3-95 

3.89 

3-9! 

3-94 

3-96 

3-98 

117 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


Table  47 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 


690  mm.  695  mm. 


Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer. 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

O.05 

O.07 

0.09 

0.00 

0.02 

O.05 

0.07 

0.09 

i 

.11 

.14 

.r6 

.18 

.20 

.11 

.14 

.16 

.18 

.20 

2 

.23 

•25 

.27 

•29 

•32 

•23 

•25 

•  27 

•30 

•32 

3 

•34 

.36 

.38 

.41 

•43 

•34 

•36 

•39 

.41 

•43 

4 

•45 

•47 

•50 

•52 

•54 

•45 

.48 

•50 

•52 

•54 

5 

0.56 

0-59 

0.61 

0.63 

0.65 

0-57 

0-59 

0.61 

0.64 

0.66 

6 

.68 

.70 

•72 

•74 

•77 

.68 

.70 

•73 

•75 

•77 

7 

•79 

.81 

.83 

.86 

.88 

•79 

.82 

.84 

.86 

.88 

8 

.90 

•92 

•95 

•97 

•99 

.91 

•93 

•95 

.98 

1. 00 

9 

1. 01 

I.04 

1.06 

1.08 

1. 10 

1.02 

1.04 

1.07 

1.09 

1. 11 

10 

I*I3 

I.I5 

i.i7 

1. 19 

1.22 

1. 13 

1. 16 

1.18 

1.20 

1.22 

ii 

1.24 

I.26 

1.28 

I*3I 

i-33 

1.25 

1.27 

1.29 

1.31 

1-34 

12 

i-35 

1-37 

i-39 

1.42 

1.44 

1.36 

1.38 

1.41 

1-43 

1-45 

13 

1.46 

I.48 

I*5I 

1-53 

i*55 

1.47 

1.50 

1.52 

1-54 

1.56 

14 

1-57 

I.60 

1.62 

1.64 

1.66 

1-59 

1. 61 

1.63 

1.65 

1.68 

15 

1.69 

I.7I 

i-73 

i-75 

1.78 

1.70 

1.72 

1.74 

1.77 

1.79 

16 

1.80 

1.82 

1.84 

1.87 

1.89 

1.81 

1.83 

1.86 

1.88 

1.90 

17 

1.91 

i-93 

1.96 

1.98 

2.00 

1.92 

1-95 

1.97 

i-99 

2.01 

18 

2.02 

2.05 

2.07 

2.09 

2. 11 

2.04 

2.06 

2.08 

2. 11 

2.13 

19 

2.13 

2.16 

2.18 

2.20 

2.22 

2.15 

2.17 

2.20 

2.22 

2.24 

20 

2.25 

2.27 

2.29 

2.31 

2-34 

2.26 

2.29 

2.31 

2-33 

2.35 

21 

2.36 

2.38 

2.40 

2-43 

2-45 

2.38 

2.40 

2.42 

2.44 

2.47 

22 

2.47 

2.49 

2.52 

2-54 

2.56 

2.49 

2.51 

2-53 

2.56 

2.58 

23 

2.58 

2.60 

2.63 

2.65 

2.67 

2.60 

2.62 

2.65 

2.67 

2.69 

24 

2.69 

2.72 

2.74 

2.76 

2.78 

2.71 

2.74 

2.76 

2.78 

2.80 

25 

2.81 

2.83 

2.85 

287 

2.90 

2.83 

2.85 

2.87 

2.89 

2.92 

26 

2.92 

2.94 

2.96 

2.99 

3.01 

2.94 

2.96 

2.98 

3.01 

3.03 

27 

3-03 

3-05 

3-07 

3-io 

3-i2 

3-05 

3.07 

3.10 

3-12 

3-14 

28 

3-14 

3.16 

3-19 

3.21 

3-23 

3-i6 

3.19 

3.21 

3-23 

3*25 

29 

3-25 

3-27 

3-30 

3-32 

3-34 

3.28 

3-30 

3-32 

3-34 

3-37 

30 

3-36 

3-39 

341 

3-43 

3-45 

3-39 

341 

3-43 

346 

348 

3i 

3-48 

3-50 

3-52 

3-54 

3.56 

3-50 

3-52 

3-55 

3-57 

3-59 

32 

3-59 

3.61 

3-63 

3-65 

3-68 

3-6i 

3-64 

3.66 

3-68 

3.70 

33 

3-70 

3-72 

3-74 

3*77 

3-79 

3-73 

3-75 

3-77 

3-79 

3.81 

34 

3.81 

3.83 

3.85 

3-88 

3-90 

3-84 

3-86 

3-88 

3-90 

3*93 

35 

3-92 

3-94 

3-97 

3-99 

4.01 

3-95 

3-97 

3-99 

4.02 

4.04 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

ii8 


Table  47. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 


FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

700  mm. 

705  mm. 

Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer. 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

O.05 

O.07 

O.09 

0.00 

0.02 

O.05 

O.07 

0.09 

1 

.11 

.14 

.16 

.18 

.21 

.12 

-.14 

.16 

.18 

.21 

2 

.23 

•25 

•27 

•30 

•32 

•23 

.25 

.28 

•30 

.32 

1  3 

•34 

•37 

•39 

•  41 

•43 

•35 

•37 

•39 

41 

44 

4 

.46 

.48 

•50 

•53 

•55 

.46 

48 

.51 

•53 

•55 

5 

o.57 

o.59 

0.62 

0.64 

0.66 

O.58 

0.60 

0.62 

0.64 

0.67 

6 

.69 

•  71 

•73 

•75 

.78 

.69 

•  71 

.74 

*  .76 

•78 

7 

.80 

.82 

•85 

•87 

.89 

.81 

.83 

.85 

.87 

.90 

8 

.91 

•94 

.96 

.98 

1. 00 

.92 

•94 

•97 

•99 

1. 01 

9 

1.03 

1.05 

1.07 

1. 10 

1. 12 

I.04 

1.06 

1.08 

1. 10 

i-i3 

10 

1. 14 

1. 16 

1.19 

1. 21 

1.23 

I.I5 

1.17 

1.20 

1.22 

1.24 

11 

1.26 

1.28 

1.30 

1.32 

i-35 

1.26 

1.29 

I-3I 

1-33 

1.36 

12 

1-37 

i-39 

1.42 

1.44 

1.46 

1.38 

1.40 

143 

1.45 

1.47 

13 

1.48 

I*5I 

i-53 

i-55 

4-57 

I.49 

1.52 

i-54 

1.56 

i-59 

14 

1.60 

1.62 

1.64 

1.67 

1.69 

1. 6l 

1.63 

1.65 

1.68 

1.70 

15 

1.71 

1-73 

1.76 

1.78 

1.80 

I.72 

1-75 

1.77 

1.79 

1.81 

16 

1.82 

1.85 

1.87 

1.89 

1.92 

I.84 

1.86 

1.88 

1.91 

i-93 

17 

1.94 

1.96 

1.98 

2.01 

2.03 

I*95 

1.98 

2.00 

2.02 

2.04 

18 

2.05 

2.07 

2.10 

2.12 

2.14 

2.07 

2.09 

2. 1 1 

2.14 

2.16 

19 

2.17 

2.19 

2.21 

2.23 

2.26 

2.18 

2.20 

2.23 

2.25 

2.27 

20 

2.28 

2.30 

2.32 

2-35 

2-37 

2.30 

2.32 

2-34 

2.36 

2-39 

21 

2-39 

2.42 

2.44 

2.46 

2.48 

2.41 

243 

2.46 

2.48 

2.50 

22 

2.51 

2-53 

2.55 

2-57 

2.60 

2.52 

2-55 

2-57 

2-59 

2.62 

23 

2.62 

2.64 

2.67 

2.69 

2.71 

2.64 

2.66 

2.68 

2.71 

2-73 

24 

2-73 

2.76 

2.78 

2.80 

2.82 

2-75 

2.78 

2.80 

2.82 

2.84 

25 

2.85 

2.87 

2.89 

2.91 

2.94 

2.87 

2.89 

2.91 

2-94 

2.96 

26 

2.96 

2.98 

3.01 

3-03 

3-05 

2.98 

3.00 

3-03 

3-05 

3-07 

27 

3-07 

3.10 

3.12 

3.14 

3- 16 

3. 10 

3.12 

3-4 

3- 16 

3-19 

28 

3-19 

3.21 

3-23 

3-25 

3.28 

3.21 

3-23 

3-25 

3.28 

3-30 

29 

3.30 

3  32 

3-34 

3-37 

3-39 

3-32 

3-35 

3-37 

3-39 

34i 

30 

3-4i 

3-44 

346 

348 

3-50 

344 

346 

348 

3-5i 

3-53 

3i 

3-53 

3-55 

3-57 

3-59 

3.62 

3-55 

3-57 

3.60 

3.62 

3-64 

32 

3-64 

3-66 

3-68 

3-7i 

3-73 

3.66 

3-69 

3.7i 

3-73 

3-76 

33 

3-75 

3-77 

3.80 

3.82 

3*84 

3-78 

3.80 

3.82 

3.85 

3-87 

34 

3-87 

3.89 

3-91 

3-93 

3-96 

3-89 

3-92 

3-94 

3-96 

3-98 

35 

3.98 

4.00 

4.02 

4.05 

4.07 

4.01 

4-03 

4-05 

4.07 

4.10 

119 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


Table  47 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

710  mm. 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

715  mm. 

'  Attached 

1  Ther- 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

!  mometer. 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

O.05 

0.07 

0.09 

0.00 

0.02 

O.05 

O.07 

0.09 

I 

.12 

.14 

.16 

.19 

.21 

.12 

.14 

.16 

.19 

.21 

2 

.23 

.26 

.28 

•30 

•32 

•23 

.26 

.28 

•30 

•33 

3 

•35 

•37 

•39 

.42 

•44 

•35 

•37 

.40 

.42 

•44 

4 

.46 

•49 

•5i 

•53 

.56 

•47 

•49 

•51 

•54 

.56 

5 

0.58 

0.60 

0.63 

0.65 

0.67 

0.58 

0.61 

0.63 

0.65 

0.68 

6 

.70 

•  72 

•  74 

.76 

•79 

.70 

•  72 

•75 

•77 

•79 

7 

.81 

.83 

.86 

.88 

.90 

.82 

.84 

.86 

.89 

•9i 

8 

•93 

•95 

•97 

1. 00 

1.02 

•93 

.96 

.98 

1. 00 

1.03 

9 

1.04 

1.07 

1.09 

1. 11 

I*I3 

1.05 

1.07 

1. 10 

1. 12 

1. 14 

10 

1. 16 

1. 18 

1.20 

1.23 

1.25 

1. 17 

1.19 

1. 21 

1.24 

1.26 

ii 

1.27 

1.30 

1.32 

i-34 

1-37 

1.28 

I-3I 

i-33 

i-35 

1.38 

12 

i-39 

1. 41 

1.44 

1.46 

1.48 

1.40 

1.42 

1-45 

1.47 

1.49 

13 

1.50 

i-53 

i-55 

i-57 

1.60 

1.52 

i-54 

1.56 

1.58 

1. 61 

14 

1.62 

1.64 

1.67 

1.69 

1.71 

1.63 

1.65 

1.68 

1.70 

1.72 

15 

1.74 

1.76 

1.78 

1.80 

1.83 

1-75 

1.77 

1.79 

1.82 

1.84 

16 

1.85 

1.87 

1.90 

1.92 

1.94 

1.86 

1.89 

I-9I 

i-93 

1.96 

17 

1.97 

1.99 

2.01 

2.04 

2.06 

1.98 

2.00 

2.03 

2.05 

2.07 

18 

2.08 

2.10 

2.13 

2.15 

2.17 

2.10 

2.12 

2.14 

2.17 

2.19 

19 

2.20 

2.22 

2.24 

2.27 

2.29 

2.21 

2.24 

2.26 

2.28 

2.30 

20 

2.31 

2-33 

2.36 

2.38 

2.40 

2-33 

2-35 

2-37 

2.40 

2.42 

21 

2-43 

2-45 

2.47 

2.50 

2.52 

2.44 

2.47 

2.49 

2.51 

2.54 

22 

2-54 

2-57 

2-59 

2.61 

2.63 

2.56 

2.58 

2.61 

2.63 

2.65 

23 

2.66 

2.68 

2.70 

2-73 

2.75 

2.68 

2.70 

2.72 

2-75 

2.77 

24 

2.77 

2.80 

2.82 

2.84 

2.86 

2-79 

2.81 

2.84 

2.86 

2.8S 

25 

2.89 

2.91 

2-93 

2.96 

2.98 

2.91 

2-93 

2-95 

2.98 

3.00 

26 

3.00 

3-03 

3-05 

3-07 

3-09 

3.02 

3-05 

3-07 

3-09 

3.12 

27 

3.12 

3-i4 

3- 16 

3-19 

3.21 

3-i4 

3- 16 

3-19 

3.21 

3-23 

28 

3-23 

3-25 

3.28 

3-30 

3.32 

3-25 

3.28 

3-30 

3-32 

3-35 

29 

3-35 

3-37 

3-39 

3-42 

3-44 

3-37 

3-39 

3-42 

3-44 

3-46 

30 

3-46 

3-48 

3.5i 

3-53 

3-55 

3-49 

3-5i 

3-53 

3-56 

3.58 

3i 

3.58 

3.60 

3.62 

3-65 

3-67 

3.60 

3.62 

3-65 

3-67 

3-69 

32 

3-69 

3-7i 

3-74 

3-76 

3-78 

3-72 

3-74 

3-76 

3-79 

3.81 

33 

3-3i 

3-83 

3.85 

3.87 

3-90 

3.83 

3-86 

3-88 

3-90 

3-92 

34 

3-92 

3-94 

3-97 

3-99 

4.01 

3-95 

3-97 

3-99 

4.02 

4.04 

35 

4-03 

4.06 

4.08 

4.10 

4-i3 

4.06 

4.09 

4.11 

4.13 

4.16 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


120 


Table  47 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

720  mm. 

725  mm. 

Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer. 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

Q?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

0.05 

0.07 

0.09 

0.00 

0.02 

O.05 

O.07 

0.09 

i 

.12 

.14 

.16 

•19 

.21 

.12 

.14 

•17 

.19 

.21 

2 

.24 

.26 

.28 

•31 

•33 

.24 

.26 

.28 

•31 

•33 

3 

•35 

.38 

.40 

.42 

•45 

.36 

.38 

.40 

•43 

•45 

4 

•47 

•49 

•52 

•54 

.56 

•47 

.50 

•52 

•54 

•57 

5 

o.59 

0.61 

O.63 

0.66 

0.68 

0-59 

0.62 

0.64 

0.66 

0.69 

6 

•7i 

♦73 

•75 

•78 

.80 

•7i 

•73 

.76 

•78 

.80 

7 

.82 

.85 

.87 

.89 

.92 

.83 

.85 

.88 

.90 

.92 

8 

•94 

.96 

•99 

1. 01 

1.03 

•95 

•97 

•99 

1.02 

1.04 

9 

1.06 

1.08 

1. 10 

I-I3 

1. 15 

1.06 

1.09 

1. 11 

1.14 

1. 16 

10 

1.17 

1.20 

1.22 

1.24 

1.27 

1.18 

1. 21 

1.23 

1.25 

1.28 

ii 

1.29 

I-3I 

i-34 

1.36 

i-39 

1.30 

1.32 

i-35 

1-37 

i-39 

12 

1. 41 

i-43 

1.46 

1.48 

1.50 

1.42 

1.44 

1.47 

1.49 

1. 5i 

13 

1-53 

1-55 

1-57 

1.60 

1.62 

i-54 

1.56 

1.58 

1. 61 

1.63 

14 

1.64 

1.67 

1.69 

I-7I 

1.74 

1.65 

1.68 

1.70 

1-73 

1-75 

15 

1.76 

1.78 

1.81 

1.83 

1.85 

1.77 

1.80 

1.82 

1.84 

1.87 

16 

1.88 

I-9° 

1.92 

1-95 

1.97 

1.89 

1.91 

1.94 

1.96 

1.98 

17 

1.99 

2.02 

2.04 

2.06 

2.09 

2.01 

2.03 

2.05 

2.08 

2.10 

18 

2. 11 

2.13 

2.16 

2.18 

2.20 

2.13 

2.15 

2.17 

2.20 

2.22 

19 

2.23 

2.25 

2.27 

2.30 

2.32 

2.24 

2.27 

2.29 

2.31 

2-34 

20 

2-34 

2-37 

2-39 

2.41 

2.44 

2;36 

2.38 

2.41 

2-43 

2-45 

21 

2.46 

2.48 

2.51 

2-53 

2.55 

2.48 

2.50 

2-53 

2-55 

2-57 

22 

2.58 

2.60 

2.62 

2.65 

2.67 

2.60 

2.62 

2.64 

2.67 

2.69 

23 

2.69 

2.72 

2.74 

2.76 

2.79 

2.71 

2.74 

2.76 

2.78 

2.81 

24 

2.81 

2.83 

2.86 

2.88 

2.90 

2.83 

2.85 

2.88 

2.90 

2.92 

25 

2-93 

2-95 

2.97 

3.00 

3.02 

2.95 

2.97 

3.00 

3.02 

3.04 

26 

3-04 

3-07 

3-09 

3-11 

3-i4 

3-07 

3.09 

3- 11 

3-14 

3.16 

27 

3-!6 

3-18 

3.21 

3-23 

3-25 

3.18 

3.21 

3-23 

3-25 

3.28 

28 

3.28 

3-30 

3-32 

3-35 

3-37 

3-30 

3-32 

3-35 

3-37 

3-39 

29 

3-39 

3-42 

3-44 

3-46 

3-49 

3-42 

3-44 

3-46 

3-49 

3-5i 

30 

3-5i 

3-53 

3-56 

3.58 

3.60 

3-53 

3-56 

3.58 

3.60 

3-63 

3i 

3-63 

3-65 

3-67 

3.70 

3-72 

3-65 

3.68 

3-70 

3-72 

3-75 

32 

3-74 

3-77 

3-79 

3.81 

3-84 

3-77 

3-79 

3.82 

3-84 

3-86 

33 

3.86 

3-88 

3-9i 

3-93 

3-95 

3-89 

3-9i 

3-93 

3-96 

3-98 

24 

3-98 

4.00 

4.02 

4-05 

4.07 

4.00 

4-03 

4-05 

4.07 

4.10 

35 

4.09 

4.11 

4.14 

4.16 

4.18 

4.12 

4.14 

4.17 

4-1.9 

4.21 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


121 


Table  47, 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

730  mm. 

735  mm. 

Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer. 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

O.05 

0.07 

0.10 

0.00 

0.02 

O.05 

O.07 

0.10 

i 

.12 

.14 

•17 

.19 

.21 

.12 

.14 

•17 

.19 

.22 

2 

.24 

.26 

.29 

•31 

•33 

.24 

.26 

•29 

•31 

•34 

3 

•36 

.38 

.41 

•43 

•45 

.36 

.38 

.41 

•43 

.46 

4 

.48 

•50 

•52 

•55 

•57 

.48 

•50 

•53 

•55 

.58 

5 

O.60 

O.62 

O.64 

0.67 

0.69 

O.60 

0.62 

0.65 

0.67 

0.70 

6 

-71 

•  74 

.76 

•79 

.81 

•72 

•74 

•77 

•79 

.82 

7 

.83 

.86 

.88 

.91 

•93 

.84 

.86 

.89 

.91 

•94 

8 

•95 

.98 

1. 00 

1.02 

1.05 

.96 

•98 

1. 01 

1.03 

1.06 

9 

1.07 

1. 10 

1. 12 

1. 14 

1.17 

I.08 

1. 10 

1.13 

1. 15 

1. 17 

10 

I*I9 

1.21 

1.24 

1.26 

1.29 

1.20 

1.22 

1.25 

1.27 

1.29 

ii 

I*3I 

i-33 

1.36 

1.38 

1.40 

1.32 

1-34 

1-37 

1-39 

1. 41 

12 

1-43 

1-45 

I.48 

1.50 

1.52 

1.44 

1.46 

1.49 

1.51 

*•53 

13 

1-55 

i-57 

1-59 

1.62 

1.64 

1.56 

1.58 

1. 61 

1.63 

1.65 

14 

1.67 

1.69 

I.7I 

1.74 

1.76 

1.68 

1.70 

1.72 

i-75 

1.77 

15 

1.78 

1.81 

I.83 

1.86 

1.88 

1.80 

1.82 

1.84 

1.87 

1.89 

16 

1.90 

i-93 

i-95 

1.97 

2.00 

1.92 

1.94 

1.96 

1.99 

2.01 

17 

2.02 

2.05 

2.07 

2.09 

2.12 

2.04 

2.06 

2.08 

2. 1 1 

2.13 

18 

2.14 

2.16 

2.19 

2.21 

2.23 

2.15 

2.18 

2.20 

2.23 

2.25 

19 

2.26 

2.28 

2.31 

2-33 

2-35 

2.27 

2.30 

2.32 

2-35 

2.37 

20 

2.38 

2.40 

2.42 

2-45 

2.47 

2-39 

2.42 

2.44 

2.46 

2.49 

21 

2.50 

2.52 

2-54 

2-57 

2-59 

2.51 

2-54 

2.56 

2.58 

2.61 

22 

2.61 

2.64 

2.66 

2.68 

2.71 

2.63 

2.66 

2.68 

2.70 

2-73 

23 

2-73 

2.76 

2.78 

2.80 

2.83 

2.75 

2.77 

2.80 

2.82 

2.85 

24 

2.85 

2.87 

2.90 

2.92 

2.94 

2.87 

2.89 

2.92 

2.94 

2.97 

25 

2.97 

2.99 

3.02 

3-04 

3-o6 

2.99 

3-oi 

3.04 

3.06 

3-o8 

26 

3-09 

3-n 

3.13 

3.16 

3-18 

3- 11 

3-i3 

3- 16 

3.18 

3.20 

27 

3.20 

3-23 

3.25 

3.28 

3-30 

3-23 

3.25 

3.27 

3-30 

3-32 

28 

3-32 

3-35 

3-37 

3-39 

3-42 

3-35 

3-37 

3-39 

3- 42 

3-44 

29 

3-44 

3.46 

3-49 

3-5i 

3-54 

3-46 

3-49 

3.51 

3-54 

3-56 

30 

3.56 

3.58 

3.6i 

3-63 

3-65 

3.58 

3.61 

3-63 

3-65 

3-68 

3i 

3.68 

3-70 

3-72 

3-75 

3-77 

3-7o 

3-73 

3-75 

3-77 

3.80 

32 

3-79 

3.82 

3-84 

3.87 

3-89 

3.82 

3-84 

3-87 

3-89 

3-92 

33 

3-9i 

3-94 

3-96 

3-98 

4.01 

3-94 

3-96 

3-99 

4.01 

4.03 

34 

4-03 

4-05 

4.08 

4. 10 

4.12 

4.06 

4.08 

4.11 

4.13 

4.15 

35 

4.15 

4.17 

4.20 

4.22 

4.24 

4.18 

4.20 

4.22 

4.25 

4.27 

SMI!  H80NIAN  TABLE#. 


122 


Table  47 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

740  mm. 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

745  mm. 

Attached 

Ther- 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

Q?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

mometer. 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

O.05 

O.07 

O.IO 

0.00 

0.02 

0.05 

0.07 

O.IO 

I 

.12 

.15 

•17 

•19 

.22 

.12 

•15 

•17 

•19 

.22 

2 

.24 

.27 

•29 

•31 

.34 

.24 

•27 

.29 

•32 

•34 

3 

•36 

•39 

.41 

•44 

.46 

•37 

•39 

.41 

.44 

.46 

4 

.48 

•5i 

•53 

.56 

.58 

•49 

•5i 

•54 

.56 

.58 

5 

0.60 

0.63 

0.65 

0.68 

0.70 

0.61 

0.63 

0.66 

0.68 

0.71 

6 

.72 

•75 

•77 

.80 

.82 

•73 

•75 

.78 

.80 

.83 

7 

.85 

•87 

.89 

•92 

•94 

.85 

.88 

.90 

.92 

•95 

8 

•9  7 

•99 

1. 01 

1.04 

1.06 

•97 

1. 00 

1.02 

1.05 

1.07 

9 

1.09 

1. 11 

i-i3 

1. 16 

1. 18 

1.09 

1. 12 

1.14 

1. 17 

1.19 

10 

1. 21 

1.23 

1.26 

1.28 

1.30 

1.22 

1.24 

1.26 

1.29 

1.31 

11 

1-33 

T*35 

1.38 

1.40 

1.42 

1-34 

1.36 

1.38 

1.41 

i-43 

12 

i-45 

1.47 

1.50 

1.52 

1-54 

1.46 

1.48 

i-5i 

i-53 

i-55 

13 

i*57 

i-59 

1.62 

1.64 

1.66 

1.58 

1.60 

1.63 

1.65 

1.68 

14 

1.69 

1.71 

1.74 

1.76 

1.78 

1.70 

1.72 

1-75 

1.77 

1.80 

15 

1.81 

1.83 

1.86 

1.88 

1.90 

1.82 

1.85 

1.87 

1.89 

1.92 

16 

i-93 

i-95 

1.98 

2.00 

2.03 

1.94 

1.97 

1.99 

2.01 

2.04 

17 

2.05 

2.07 

2.10 

2.12 

2.15 

2.06 

2.09 

2. 1 1 

2.14 

2.16 

18 

2.17 

2.19 

2.22 

2.24 

2.27 

2.18 

*  2.21 

2.23 

2.26 

2.28 

19 

2.29 

2.31 

2-34 

2.36 

2-39 

2.31 

2-33 

2-35 

2.38 

2.40 

20 

2.41 

2.43 

2.46 

2.48 

2.51 

2-43 

2-45 

2.47 

2.50 

2.52 

21 

2.53 

2.55 

2.58 

2.60 

2.63 

2-55 

2.57 

2-59 

2.62 

2.64 

22 

2.65 

2.67 

2.70 

2.72 

2.75 

2.67 

2.69 

2.72 

2.74 

2.76 

23 

2.77 

2.79 

2.82 

2.84 

2.87 

2.79 

2.81 

2.84 

2.86 

2.88 

24 

2.89 

2.91 

2.94 

2.96 

2.99 

2.91 

2-93 

2.96 

2.98 

3-QI 

25 

3.01 

3-03 

3.06 

3.08 

3* 11 

3-03 

3-05 

3.08 

3.10 

3.13 

26 

3-13 

3-i5 

3.18 

3.20 

3.22 

3-15 

3-i7 

3.20 

3.22 

3-25 

27 

3-25 

3-27 

3-30 

3-32 

3-34 

3-27 

3-29 

3-32 

3-34 

3-37 

28 

3-37 

3-39 

3-42 

3-44 

3-46 

3-39 

3-42 

3-44 

3-46 

3-49 

29 

3-49 

3-5i 

3-54 

3-56 

3-58 

3.5i 

3-54 

3-56 

3.58 

3-6i 

30 

3.61 

3-63 

3-66 

3-68 

3-7o 

3-63 

3-66 

3-68 

3-70 

3-73 

3i 

3-73 

3-75 

3.78 

3.80 

3.82 

3-75 

3-78 

3.80 

3.82 

3.85 

32 

3.85 

3-87 

3-89 

3-92 

3-94 

3-87 

3-90 

3-92 

3-95 

3-97 

33 

3-97 

3-99 

4.01 

4.04 

4.06 

3-99 

4.02 

4.04 

4.07 

4.09 

34 

4.09 

4.11 

4-i3 

4.16 

4.18 

4.11 

4.14 

4.16 

4.19 

4.21 

35 

4.21 

4.23 

4.25 

4.28 

4-30 

4.23 

4.26 

4.28 

4.3i 

4-33 

6MITH80N1AN  TABLES. 


123 


Table  47. 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

750  mm. 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

755  mm. 

Attached 

Ther- 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

mometer. 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

0.05 

O.07 

O.  Ip 

0.00 

0.02 

O.05 

O.07 

O.  IO 

1 

.12 

•15 

•17 

.20 

.22 

.12 

.15 

•17 

.20 

.22 

2 

.25 

•27 

.29 

•32 

•34 

•25 

.27 

•30 

•32 

•35 

3 

•37 

•39 

.42 

•44 

•47 

•37 

•39 

•42 

•44 

.47 

4 

•49 

•51 

•54 

•56 

•59 

•49 

•52 

•54 

•57 

.59 

5 

0.61 

0.64 

0.66 

O.69 

0.71 

0.62 

0.64 

0.67 

O.69 

■  0.71 

6 

•73 

.76 

•  78 

.81 

.83 

•74 

.76 

•79 

.81 

.84 

7 

.86 

.88 

•9i 

•93 

•95 

.86 

.89 

.91 

•94 

.96 

8 

.98 

1. 00 

1.03 

1.05 

1.08 

•99 

1. 01 

1.03 

1.06 

1.08 

9 

1. 10 

i-i3 

1.15 

1. 17 

1.20 

1. 11 

1-13 

1. 16 

1. 18 

1. 21 

10 

1.22 

1.25 

1.27 

1.30 

1.32 

1.23 

1.26 

1.28 

I.3I 

1-33 

11 

i-35 

1-37 

1-39 

1.42 

1-44 

i-35 

1.38 

1.40 

1-43 

1-45 

12 

1.47 

1.49 

1-52 

i:54 

1.56 

1.48 

1.50 

1-53 

1-55 

1.58 

13 

i-59 

1. 61 

1.64 

1.66 

1.69 

1.60 

1.62 

1.65 

I.67 

1.70 

14 

1. 7i 

1.74 

1.76 

1.78 

1. 81 

1.72 

i-75 

1.77 

1.80 

1.82 

15 

1.83 

1.86 

1.88 

I-9I 

i-93 

1.85 

1.87 

1.89 

1.92 

1.94 

16 

1.96 

1.98 

2.00 

2.03 

2.05 

1.97 

1.99 

2.02 

2.04 

2.07 

17 

2.08 

2.10 

2.13. 

2.15 

2.17 

2.09 

2.12 

2.14 

2.16 

2.19 

18 

2.20 

2.22 

2.25 

2.27 

2.30 

2.21 

2.24 

2.26 

2.29 

2.31 

19 

2.32 

2-34 

2.37 

2-39 

2.42 

2-34 

2.36 

2.38 

2.41 

2-43 

20 

2.44 

2.47 

2.49 

2.52 

2.54 

2.46 

2.48 

2.51 

2.53 

2.56 

21 

2.56 

2-59 

2.61 

2.64 

2.66 

2.58 

2.61 

2.63 

2.65 

2.68 

22 

2.69 

2.71 

2-73 

2.76 

2.78 

2.70 

2.73 

2.75 

2.78 

2.80 

23 

2.81 

2.83 

2.86 

2.88 

2.90 

2.83 

2.85 

2.87 

2.9O 

2.92 

24 

2-93 

2-95 

2.98 

3.00 

3-03 

2-95 

2.97 

3-oo 

3-02 

3.05 

25 

3-05 

3-07 

3.10 

3-12 

3-i5 

3-07 

3-09 

3*12 

3-i4 

3.17 

26 

3-i7 

3.20 

3.22 

3-24 

3-27 

3-i9 

3.22 

3-24 

3-27 

3-29 

27 

3-29 

3-32 

3-34 

3-37 

3-39 

3-3i 

3-34 

3.36 

3-39 

3.41 

28 

3-4i 

3-44 

3-46 

3-49 

3-5i 

3-44 

3-46 

3-49 

3-5i 

3-53 

29 

3-54 

3.56 

3.58 

3.61 

3-63 

3-56 

3.58 

3.61 

3-6  3 

3-66 

30 

3.66 

3-68 

3-7i 

3-73 

3-75 

3.68 

3-7i 

3-73 

3-75 

3.78 

3i 

3.78 

3.80 

3.83 

3.85 

3.87 

3.80 

3.83 

3.85 

3-88 

3-90 

32 

3-9° 

3-92 

3-95 

3-97 

4.00 

3-92 

3-95 

3-97 

4.00 

4.02 

33 

4.02 

4.04 

4.07 

4.09 

4.12 

4.05 

4.07 

4.10 

4.12 

4.14 

34 

4.14 

4.17 

4.19 

4.21 

4.24 

4.17 

4.19 

4.22 

4.24 

4.27 

35 

4.26 

4.29 

4.3i 

4-33 

4.36 

4.29 

4.3i 

4-34 

4-36 

4-39 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


124 


Table  47. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 


FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


1 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

1 

760  mm. 

765  mm. 

Attached 

Ther- 

mometer. 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?3 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.02 

0.05 

O.07 

O.IO 

0.00 

0.03 

0.05 

0.07 

0.10 

I 

.12 

•15 

•17 

.20 

.22 

•13 

•15 

•17 

.20 

.22 

2 

•25 

•27 

•30 

•32 

•35 

•25 

•27 

•30 

•32 

•35 

3 

•37 

.40 

.42 

•45 

47 

•37 

.40 

.42 

45 

47 

4 

•50 

•52 

•55 

•57 

.60 

•50 

•52 

•55 

•57 

.60 

5 

0.62 

O.65 

0.67 

O.69 

0.72 

0.62 

0.65 

0.67 

0.70 

0.72 

6 

•74 

•77 

•79 

.82 

.84 

•75 

•77 

.80 

.82 

•85 

7 

.87 

.89 

.92 

•94 

•97 

•87 

.90 

•92 

•95 

•97 

8 

•99 

1.02 

1.04 

1.07 

1.09 

1. 00 

1.02 

1.05 

1.07 

1. 10 

9 

1. 12 

1. 14 

1. 17 

1.19 

1. 21 

1. 12 

I*I5 

1.17 

1.20 

1.22 

10 

1.24 

1.26 

1.29 

I-3I 

1-34 

1-25 

1.27 

1.30 

1.32 

1-35 

ii 

1.36 

i-39 

1. 41 

1.44 

1.46 

i-37 

1.40 

1.42 

145 

147 

12 

1.49 

1.51 

i-54 

1.56 

1-59 

1.50 

1.52 

1-55 

1-57 

1.60 

13 

1. 61 

1.64 

1.66 

1.68 

1. 71 

1.62 

1.65 

1.67 

1.70 

1.72 

14 

i-73 

1.76 

1.78 

1. 81 

1.83 

i-75 

1.77 

1.80 

1.82 

1.85 

15 

1.86 

1.88 

1.91 

1-93 

1.96 

1.87 

1.89 

1.92 

1.94 

1.97 

16 

1.98 

2.01 

2.03 

2.06 

2.08 

1.99 

2.02 

2.04 

2.07 

2.09 

17 

2. 10 

2.13 

2-15 

2.18 

2.20 

2.12 

2.14 

2.17 

2.19 

2.22 

18 

2.23 

2.25 

2.28 

2.30 

2.33 

2.24 

2.27 

2.29 

2.32 

2.34 

19 

2-35 

2.38 

2.40 

243 

245 

2-37 

2-39 

2.42 

2.44 

2.47 

20 

2.47 

2.50 

2.52 

2.55 

2.57 

2.49 

2.52 

2-54 

2-57 

2.59 

21 

2.60 

2.62 

2.65 

2.67 

2.70 

2.62 

2.64 

2.66 

2.69 

2.71 

22 

2.72 

2-75 

2.77 

2.80 

2.82 

2.74 

2.76 

2.79 

2.81 

2.84 

23 

2.84 

2.87 

2.89 

2.92 

2.94 

2.86 

2.89 

2.91 

2.94 

2.96 

24 

2.97 

2.99 

3.02 

3-04 

3-07 

2.99 

3-oi 

3-04 

3.06 

3-09 

25 

3-09 

3.12 

3-i4 

3.16 

3-i9 

3-n 

3-14 

3.16 

3.19 

3.21 

26 

3.21 

3-24 

3.26 

3-29 

3-3i 

3.23 

3.26 

3.28 

3-3* 

3.33 

27 

3-34 

3-36 

3-39 

34i 

343 

3-36 

3-38 

34i 

343 

346 

28 

346 

348 

3-5i 

3-53 

3-56 

348 

3-5i 

3-53 

3.56 

3.58 

29 

3-58 

3.61 

3-63 

3.66 

3.68 

3.61 

3-63 

3-66 

3-68 

3.70 

30 

3-7i 

3-73 

3-75 

3.78 

3.80 

3-73 

3-75 

3-78 

3.80 

3.83 

3i 

3-83 

3.85 

3-88 

3-90 

3-93 

3-85 

3-88 

3-90 

3-93 

3-95 

32 

3-95 

3-98 

4.00 

4.02 

4-05 

3-98 

4.00 

4.03 

4-05 

4.08 

33 

4.07 

4.10 

4.12 

4.i5 

4.17 

4.10 

4.13 

4.15 

4.17 

4.20 

34 

4.20 

4.22 

4-25 

4.27 

4.29 

4.22 

4-25 

4.27 

4-30 

4-32 

35 

4-32  1 

4-34 

4-37 

4-39 

4.42 

4-35 

4-37 

4.40 

4.42 

445 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


125 


Table  47. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OP  THE  BAROMETER 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

770  mm. 

775  mm. 

Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer. 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

O.03 

0.05 

0.08 

O.IO 

0.00 

O.03 

O.05 

O.08 

O.IO 

1 

•13 

.15 

.18 

.20 

•23 

•13 

•15 

.18 

.20 

•23 

2 

•25 

.28 

•30 

•33 

•35 

•25 

.28 

•30 

•33 

•35 

3 

.33 

.40 

•43 

•45 

•48 

.38 

.40 

•43 

.46 

.48 

4 

•50 

•53 

•55 

•58 

.60 

•51 

•53 

.56 

.58 

.6l 

5 

0.63 

0.65 

0.68 

0.70 

0-73 

0.63 

0.66 

0.68 

O.71 

0-73 

6 

.75 

•78 

.80 

.83 

•85 

•  76 

•  78 

.81 

.83 

.86 

7 

.88 

.90 

•93 

•95 

.98 

.89 

.91 

•  94 

.96 

•99 

8 

1. 01 

1.03 

1.06 

1.08 

1. 11 

I.OI 

1.04 

1.06 

I.09 

1. 11 

9 

I*I3 

1. 16 

1. 18 

1. 21 

I.23 

1.14 

1. 16 

1. 19 

1. 21 

1.24 

10 

1.26 

1.28 

I*3I 

i-33 

1.36 

1.26 

1.29 

I*3I 

1-34 

1.36 

11 

1.38 

1.41 

1-43 

1.46 

1.48 

i-39 

1.42 

1.44 

1.47 

1.49 

12 

i-5i 

1-53 

1.56 

1.58 

1. 6l 

1.52 

i-54 

i*57 

1-59 

1.62 

13 

1.63 

1.66 

1.68 

1.71 

1-73 

1.64 

1.67 

1.69 

1.72 

1.74 

14 

1.76 

1.78 

1.81 

1.83 

1.86 

1.77 

1.79 

1.82 

I.84 

1.87 

15 

1.88 

1.91 

i-93 

1.96 

1.98 

1.89 

1.92 

1.94 

1.97 

2.00 

16 

2.01 

2.03 

2.06 

2.08 

2.11 

2.02 

2.05 

2.07 

2.10 

2.12 

17 

2.13 

2.16 

2.18 

2.21 

2.23 

2.15 

2.17 

2.20 

2.22 

2.25 

18 

2.26 

2.28 

2.31 

2-33 

2.36 

2.27 

2.30 

2.32 

2-35 

2-37 

19 

2.38 

2.41 

2.43 

2.46 

2.48 

2.40 

2.42 

2.45 

2.47 

2.50 

20 

2.51 

2.53 

2.56 

2.58 

2.61 

2.52 

2-55 

2.57 

2.60 

2.62 

21 

2.63 

2.66 

2.68 

2.71 

2.73 

2.65 

2.67 

2.70 

2.72 

2.75 

22 

2.76 

2.78 

2.81 

2.83 

2.86 

2.77 

2.80 

2.83 

2.85 

2.88 

23 

2.88 

2.91 

2-93 

2.96 

2.98 

2.90 

2.93 

2-95 

2.98 

3.00 

24 

3-oi 

3-03 

3-o6 

3- 08 

3-11 

3-03 

3-05 

3.08 

3.10 

3-13 

25 

3.13 

3.16 

3.18 

3.21 

3-23 

3-15 

3.18 

3.20 

3-23 

3-25 

26 

3.26 

3.28 

3-3i 

3-33 

3-36 

3.28 

3-30 

3-33 

3-35 

3-38 

27 

3.38 

3-4i 

3-43 

3-46 

3-48 

340 

3-43 

3-45 

3-48 

3-50 

28 

3-5i 

3-53 

3.56 

3.58 

3.60 

3-53 

3-55 

3.58 

3.60 

3-63 

29 

3-63 

3.65 

3-68 

3*70 

3-73 

3-65 

3-68 

3-70 

3-73 

3-75 

30 

3-75 

3-78 

3-8o 

3-83 

3.85 

3-78 

3.80 

3.83 

3.85 

3-88 

3i 

3-88 

3-90 

3-93 

3-95 

3-98 

3-90 

3-93 

3-95 

3*98 

4.00 

32 

4.00 

4.03 

4.05 

4.08 

4.10 

4.03 

4-05 

4.08 

4.10 

4-i3 

33 

4.13 

4.15 

4.18 

4.20 

4.23 

4-i5 

4.18 

4.20 

4.23 

4.25 

34 

4-25 

4.28 

4.30 

4-33 

4-35 

4.28 

4.30 

4-33 

4-35 

4.38 

35 

4.38 

4.40 

4-43 

4-45 

4.48 

4.40 

4-43 

4-45 

4.48 

4.50 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


126 


Table  47 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  HEIGHT  OF  TOE  BAROMETER 


780  mm.  785  mm. 


Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer. 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

C. 

ram. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

O.CO 

0.03 

O.05 

0.08 

O.IO 

0.00 

O.03 

O.05 

O.08 

O.IO 

1 

•13 

.15 

.18 

.20 

•23 

•*3 

•*5 

.18 

.21 

•23 

2 

•25 

.28 

•31 

•33 

•36 

.26 

.28 

•3* 

•33 

•36 

3 

.38 

.41 

•43 

.46 

.48 

•38 

.41 

.44 

.46 

•49 

4 

.51 

•53 

•56 

•59 

.61 

•5* 

•54 

•56 

•59 

.62 

5 

O.64 

0.66 

O.69 

0.71 

0.74 

0.64 

0.67 

0.69 

0.72 

O.74 

6 

.76 

•79 

.81 

.84 

.87 

•  77 

•79 

.82 

.85 

•87 

7 

.89 

•92 

•94 

•97 

•99 

.90 

•92 

•95 

•97 

I. OO 

8 

1.02 

1.04 

1.07 

1.09 

1. 12 

1.02 

1.05 

1.08 

1. 10 

I.*3 

9 

I.I5 

1.17 

1.20 

1.22 

1-25 

*•*5 

1.18 

1.20 

1.23 

I.25 

10 

1.27 

1.30 

1.32 

1-35 

1-37 

1.28 

*•3* 

*•33 

1.36 

1.38 

11 

1.40 

1.42 

1-45 

1.48 

1.50 

1.41 

1-43 

1.46 

1.48 

I- 5* 

12 

i-53 

1-55 

1.58 

1.60 

1.63 

1.54 

1.56 

*•59 

1. 61 

I.64 

13 

1.65 

1.68 

1.70 

1-73 

*•75 

1.66 

1.69 

i.7i 

1.74 

1.77 

14 

1.78 

1.81 

1.83 

1.86 

1.88 

1.79 

1.82 

1.84 

1.87 

I.89 

15 

1.91 

i-93 

1.96 

1.98 

2.01 

1.92 

1.94 

1.97 

2.00 

2.02 

16 

2.03 

2.06 

2.08 

2. 11 

2.13 

2.05 

2.07 

2.10 

2.12 

2.15 

17 

2.16 

2.19 

2.21 

2.24 

2.26 

2.17 

2.20 

2.22 

2.25 

2.28 

18 

2.29 

2.31 

2-34 

2.36 

2-39 

2.30 

2-33 

2-35 

2.38 

2.40 

19 

2.41 

2.44 

2.46 

2.49 

2.51 

2.43 

2-45 

2.48 

2.51 

2-53 

20 

2-54 

2.57 

2.59 

2.62 

2.64 

2.56 

2.58 

2.61 

2.63 

2.66 

21 

2.67 

2.69 

2.72 

2.74 

2.77 

2.68 

2.71 

2-73 

2.76 

2.79 

22 

2.79 

2.82 

2.84 

2.87 

2.89 

2.81 

2.84 

2.86 

2.89 

2.91 

23 

2.92 

2.94 

2.97 

3.00 

3.02 

2.94 

2.96 

2.99 

3.01 

3-04 

24 

3-05 

3-07 

3.10 

3. 12 

3-*5 

3-07 

3-09 

3.12 

3-*4 

3-*7 

25 

3-17 

3.20 

3-22 

3-25 

3-27 

3- *9 

3.22 

3-24 

3- 27 

3-29 

26 

3-30 

3-32 

3-35 

3-37 

3-40 

3-32 

3-34 

3-37 

3-4o 

3-42 

27 

3-42 

3-45 

3-47 

3-50 

3-53 

3-45 

3-47 

3-50 

3-52 

3-55 

28 

3-55 

3.58 

3.60 

3.63 

3-65 

3-57 

3.60 

3.62 

3-65 

3-67 

29 

3.68 

3-70 

3-73 

3-75 

3-78 

3-70 

3-73 

3-75 

3.78 

3.80 

30 

3.80 

3.83 

3.85 

3-88 

3-90 

3-83 

3.85 

3-88 

3-90 

3-93 

3i 

3-93 

3-95 

3.98 

4.00 

4-03 

3-95 

3-98 

4.00 

4-03 

4.06 

32 

4-05 

4.08 

4.11 

4.13 

4.16 

4.08 

4.11 

4.13 

4.16 

4.18 

33 

4.18 

4.21 

4.23 

4.26 

4.28 

4.21 

4.23 

4.26 

4.28 

4-3* 

34 

4-3i 

4-33 

4-36 

4.38 

4.41 

4-33 

4.36 

4-39 

4.41 

4.44 

35 

4-43 

4.46 

4.48 

4.51 

4-53 

4.46 

4.49 

4.5i 

4-54 

4.56 

SMITH80NIAN  TABLES. 


127 


Table  47 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  TEMPERATURE. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 


FOR  TEMPERATURES  ABOVE  0°  CENTIGRADE,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER 

790  mm. 

795  mm. 

Attached 

Ther¬ 

mometer. 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

0?0 

0?2 

0?4 

0?6 

0?8 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

0.00 

0.03 

0.05 

0.08 

O.IO 

0.00 

0.03 

0.05 

0.08 

O.IO 

1 

•13 

•15 

.18 

.21 

•23 

•13 

.16 

.18 

.21 

•23 

2 

.26 

.28 

•31 

•34 

•36 

.26 

.29 

•31 

•34 

•36 

3 

•39 

.41 

•44 

.46 

•49 

•39 

.42 

•44 

.47 

•49 

4 

•52 

•54 

•57 

•59 

.62 

•52 

•55 

•57 

.60 

.62  . 

5 

0.64 

0.67 

0.70 

0.72 

0-75 

0.65 

0.67 

0.70 

0.73 

0-75 

6 

•77 

.80 

.83 

.85 

.88 

•78 

.80 

.83 

.86 

.88 

7 

.90 

•93 

•95 

•98 

1. 01 

.91 

•93 

.96 

•99 

1.01 

8 

1.03 

1.06 

1.08 

1. 11 

I-I3 

1.04 

1.06 

1.09 

1. 12 

1.14 

9 

1. 16 

i*  i9 

1. 21 

1.24 

1.26 

1.17 

1.19 

1.22 

1.24 

1.27 

10 

1.29 

1.31 

i-34 

i-37 

1*39 

1.30 

1.32 

1-35 

1-37 

1.40 

IT 

1.42 

1.44 

1.47 

1-49 

1.52 

1-43 

1-45 

1.48 

1.50 

i-53 

12 

i-55 

i-57 

1.60 

1.62 

1.65 

1.56 

1.58 

1. 61 

1.63 

1.66 

13 

1.67 

1.70 

1-73 

i-75 

1.78 

1.68 

1.71 

1.74 

1.76 

1.79 

14 

1.80 

1.83 

1.85 

1.88 

1.91 

1.81 

1.84 

1.87 

1.89 

1.92 

15 

i-93 

1.96 

1.98 

2.01 

2.03 

1.94 

1.97 

1.99 

2.02 

2.05 

16 

2.06 

2.09 

2. 1 1 

2.14 

2.16 

2.07 

2.10 

2.12 

2.15 

2.18 

17 

2.19 

2.21 

2.24 

2.26 

2.29 

2.20 

2.23 

2.25 

2.28 

2.30  1 

18 

2.32 

2-34 

2-37 

2-39 

2.42 

2-33 

2.36 

2.38 

2.41 

2-43 

19 

2.44 

2.47 

2.50 

2.52 

2-55 

2.46 

2.49 

2.51 

2.54 

2.56 

20 

2-57 

2.60 

2.62 

2.65 

2.67 

2-59 

2.61 

2.64 

2.67 

2.69 

21 

2.70 

2-73 

2-75 

2.78 

2.80 

2.72 

2.74 

2.77 

2.79 

2.82 

22 

2.83 

2.85 

2.88 

2.91 

2-93 

2.85 

2.87 

2.90 

2.92 

2.95 

23 

2.96 

2.98 

3.01 

3-03 

3.06 

2.98 

3.00 

3-03 

3.05 

3.08 

24 

3.08 

3- 11 

3.14 

3.16 

3-19 

3.10 

3-i3 

3.16 

3.18 

3.21 

25 

3.21 

3-24 

3.26 

3-29 

3-3i 

3.23 

3.26 

3.28 

3-3i 

3-34 

26 

3-34 

3-37 

3-39 

3-42 

3-44 

3-36 

3-39 

3-4i 

3-44 

3-46 

27 

3-47 

3-49 

3-52 

3-54 

3-57 

3-49 

3-52 

3-54 

3-57 

3-59 

28 

3.60 

3.62 

3-65 

3-67 

3-70 

3.62 

3-64 

3-67 

3-70 

3-72 

29 

3-72 

3-75 

3-77 

3.80 

3.83 

3-75 

3-77 

3.80 

3.82 

3.85 

30 

3.85 

3-88 

3-90 

3-93 

3-95 

3-88 

3-90 

3-93 

3-95 

3-98 

3i 

3-98 

4.00 

4.03 

4.06 

4.08 

4.00 

4-03 

4.06 

4.08 

4.11 

32 

4. 11 

4.i3 

4.16 

4.18 

4.21 

4.i3 

4.16 

4.18 

4.21 

4.24 

33 

4-23 

4.26 

4.29 

4.3i 

4-34 

4.26 

4.29 

4.3i 

4-34 

4-36 

34 

4-36 

4-39 

4.41 

4-44 

4.46 

4-39 

4.42 

4.44 

4-47 

4-49 

35 

4-49 

4-51 

4-54 

4-57 

4-59 

4-52 

4-54 

4-57 

4-59 

4.62 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


128 


Table  48. 

CORRECTIONS  TO  REDUCE  BAROMETRIC  READINGS  TO  STANDARD 

GRAVITY. 

r_(gl~g)  r. 

C_  g 

(WITH  gL< g  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED;  WITH  gl>g,  IT  IS  TO  BE  ADDED.) 


g,  —  g 

BAROMETER  READING  B. 

1  .0 

2.0 

3.0 

4.0 

5.0 

6.0 

7.0 

8.0 

9.0 

10.0 

Dynes. 

Dyne. 

Dyne. 

Dyne. 

Dyne. 

Dyne. 

Dyne. 

Dyne. 

Dyne. 

Dyne. 

Dyne. 

O.l 

0.00010 

0.00020 

0.00031 

0.00041 

0.00051 

0.00061 

0.00071 

0.00082 

0.00092 

0.00102 

0.2 

00020 

00041 

00061 

00082 

00102 

00122 

00143 

00163 

00184 

00204 

o-3 

00031 

00061 

00092 

00122 

00153 

00184 

00214 

00245 

00275 

00306 

0.4 

00041 

00082 

00122 

00163 

00204 

00245 

00286 

00326 

00367 

00408 

o-S 

00051 

00102 

00153 

00204 

00255 

00306 

00357 

00408 

00459 

00510 

0.6 

0.00061 

0.00122 

0.00184 

0.00245 

0.00306 

0.00367 

0.00428 

0.00489 

0.00551 

0.00612 

0.7 

00071 

00143 

00214 

00286 

00357 

00428 

00500 

00571 

00642 

00714 

0.8 

00082 

00163 

00245 

00326 

00408 

00489 

00571 

00653 

00734 

00816 

0.9 

00092 

00184 

00275 

00367 

00459 

00551 

00642 

00734 

00826 

00918 

1.0 

00102 

00204 

00306 

00408 

00510 

00612 

00714 

00816 

00918 

01020 

l.l 

0.001 1 2 

0.00224 

0.00337 

0.00449 

0.00561 

0.00673 

0.00785 

0.00897 

O.OIOIO 

0.01122 

1.2 

00122 

00245 

00367 

90489 

00612 

00734 

00857 

00979 

OIIOI 

01224 

i-3 

00133 

00265 

00398 

00530 

00663 

00795 

00928 

01061 

01193 

01326 

1.4 

00143 

00286 

00428 

00571 

00714 

00857 

00999 

01142 

01285 

01428 

i-5 

00153 

00306 

00459 

00612 

00765 

00918 

01071 

01224 

01377 

01530 

1.6 

0.00163 

0.00326 

0.00489 

0.00653 

0.00816 

0.00979 

0.01142 

0.01305 

0.01468 

0.01632 

i-7 

00173 

00347 

00520 

00693 

00867 

01040 

01213 

01387 

01560 

oi734 

1.8 

00184 

00367 

00551 

00734 

00918 

OIIOI 

01285 

01468 

01652 

01835 

1.9 

00194 

00387 

00581 

00775 

00969 

01162 

01356 

01550 

01744 

01937 

2.0 

00204 

00408 

00612 

00816 

01020 

01224 

01428 

01632 

01835 

02039 

2.1 

0.00214 

0.00428 

0.00642 

0.00857 

0.01071 

0.01285 

0.01499 

0.01713 

0.01927 

0.02141 

2.2 

00224 

00449 

00673 

00897 

01122 

01346 

01570 

01795 

02019 

02243 

2-3 

00235 

00469 

00704 

00938 

01173 

01407 

01642 

01876 

02111 

02345 

2.4 

00245 

00489 

00734 

00979 

01224 

01468 

01713 

01958 

02203 

02447 

2-5 

00255 

00510 

00765 

01020 

01275 

01530 

01785 

02039 

02294 

02549 

2.6 

0.00265 

0.00530 

0.00795 

0.01061 

0.01326 

0.01591 

0.01856 

0.02121 

0.02386 

0.02651 

2.7 

00275 

00551 

00826 

OIIOI 

01377 

01652 

01927 

02203 

02478 

02753 

2.8 

00286 

00571 

00857 

01142 

01428 

01713 

01999 

02284 

02570 

02855 

2.9 

00296 

00591 

00887 

01183 

01479 

01774 

02070 

02366 

02661 

02958 

3-o 

00306 

00612 

00918 

01224 

01530 

01835 

02141 

02447 

02753 

03059 

3.1 

0.00316 

0.00632 

0.00948 

0.01264 

0.01581 

0.01897 

0.02213 

0.02529 

0.02845 

0.03161 

3-2 

00326 

00653 

00979 

01305 

01632 

01958 

02284 

02610 

02937 

03263 

3-3 

00337 

00673 

OIOIO 

01346 

01683 

02019 

02356 

02692 

03029 

03365 

3-4 

00347 

00693 

01040 

01387 

01734 

02080 

02427 

02774 

03120 

03467 

3-5 

00357 

00714 

01071 

01428 

01785 

02141 

02498 

02855 

03212 

03569 

3.6 

0.00367 

0.00734 

O.OIIOI 

0.01468 

0.01835 

0.02203 

0.02570 

0.02937 

0.03304 

0.03671 

3-7 

00377 

00755 

01132 

01509 

01886 

02264 

02641 

03018 

03396 

03773 

3-8 

00387 

00775 

01162 

01550 

01937 

02325 

02712 

03100 

03487 

03875 

3-9 

00398 

00795 

01 193 

01591 

01988 

02386 

02784 

03182 

03579 

03977 

4.0 

00408 

00816 

01224 

01632 

02039 

02447 

1  02855 

03263 

03671 

04079 

i 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

129 


Table  49. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  GRAVITY. 
ENGLISH  MEASURES. 

FROM  LATITUDE  0°  TO  45°,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


Lati- 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  IN  INCHES. 

Itude. 

1  9 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch,  j 

0° 

-0.051 

-0.054 

-0.056 

-0.059 

-0.062 

-0.064 

-0.067 

-0.070 

-0.072 

-0.075 

-0.078 

-0.080 

5 

-0.050 

-0.053 

-0.055 

-0.058 

-0.061 

-0.063 

-0.066 

-0.069 

-0.071 

-0.074 

-0.077 

-0.079 

6 

0.050 

0.052 

0.055 

0.058 

0.060 

0.063 

0.066 

0.068 

0.071 

0.073 

0.076 

0.079 

7 

0.049 

0.052 

0.055 

0.057 

0.060 

0.062 

0.065 

0.068 

0.070 

0.073 

0.075 

0.078 

8 

0.049 

0.052 

0.054 

0.057 

0.059 

0.062 

0.064 

0.067 

0.070 

0.072 

0.075 

0.077 

9 

0.048 

0.051 

0.054 

0.056 

0.059 

0.061 

0.064 

0.066 

0.069 

0.071 

0.074 

0.076 

10 

-0.048 

-0.050 

-0.053 

-0-055 

-0.058 

-0.060 

-0.063 

-0.066 

-0.068 

-0.071 

-0.073 

-0.076 

11 

0.047 

0.050 

0.052 

0.055 

0.057 

0.060 

0.062 

0.065 

0.067 

0.070 

0.072 

0.075 

12 

0.047 

0.049 

0.051 

0.054 

0.056 

0.059 

0.061 

0.064 

0.066 

0.069 

0.071 

0.074! 

13 

0.046 

0.048 

0.051 

0.053 

0.055 

0.058 

0.060 

0.063 

0.065 

0.068 

0.070 

0.072 

14 

0.045 

0.047 

0.050 

0.052 

0.055 

0.057 

0.059 

0.062 

0.064 

0.066 

0.069 

0.071 

15 

-0.044 

-0.047 

-0.049 

-0.051 

-0.053 

-0.056 

-0.058 

-0.060 

-0.063 

-0.065 

—0.067 

-0.070 

16 

0.043 

0.046 

0.048 

0.050 

0.052 

0-055 

0.057 

0.059 

0.062 

0.064 

0.066 

0.068 

17 

0.042 

0.045 

0.047 

0.049 

0.051 

0.053 

0.056 

0.058 

0.060 

0.062 

0.065 

0.067 

18 

0.041 

0.044 

0.046 

0.048 

0.050 

0.052 

0.054 

0.057 

0.059 

0.061 

0.063 

0.065 

19 

0.040 

0.042 

0.045 

0.047 

0.049 

0.051 

0.053 

0.055 

0.057 

0.059 

0.062 

0.064! 

20 

-0.039 

-0.041 

-0.043 

-0.045 

-0.047 

-0.050 

-0.052 

-0.054 

-0.056 

-0.058 

-0.060 

—0.062 

21 

0.038 

0.040 

0.042 

0.044 

0.046 

0.048 

0.050 

0.052 

0.054 

0.056 

0.058 

0.060 

22 

0.037 

0.039 

0.041 

0.043 

0.045 

0.047 

0.049 

0.050 

0.052 

0.054 

0.056 

0.058 

23 

0.036 

0.038 

0.039 

0.041 

0.043 

0.045 

0.047 

0.049 

0.051 

0.053 

0.054 

0.056 

24 

0.034 

0.036 

0.038 

0.040 

0.042 

0.043 

0.045 

0.047 

0.049 

0.051 

0.052 

0.054 

25 

-0.033 

-0.035 

-0.037 

-0.038 

-0.040 

-0.042 

-0.043 

-0.045 

-0.047 

-0.049 

-0.050 

-0.052 

26 

0.032 

0.033 

0.035 

0.037 

0.038 

0.040 

0.042 

0.043 

0.045 

0.047 

0.048 

0.050 

27 

0.030 

0.032 

0.033 

0.035 

0.037 

0.038 

0.040 

0.041 

0.043 

0.045 

0.046 

0.048 

28 

0.029 

0.030 

0.032 

0.033 

0.035 

0.036 

0.038 

0.039 

0.041 

0.043 

0.044 

0.046 

29 

0.027 

0.029 

0.030 

0.032 

0.033 

0.035 

0.036 

0.037 

0.039 

0.040 

0.042 

0.043 

30 

-0.026 

-0.027 

—0.029 

-0.030 

-0.031 

-0.033 

-0.034 

-0.035 

-0.037 

-0.038 

-0.040 

-0.041 

3i 

0.024 

0.026 

0.027 

0.028 

0.030 

0.031 

0.032 

0.033 

0.035 

0.036 

0.037 

0.038 

32 

0.023 

0.024 

0.025 

0.026 

0.028 

0.029 

0.030 

0.031 

0.032 

0.034 

0.035 

0.036 

33 

0.021 

0.022 

0.023 

0.025 

0.026 

0.027 

0.028 

0.029 

0.030 

0.031 

0.032 

0.034 1 

34 

0.020 

0.021 

0.022 

0.023 

0.024 

0.025 

0.026 

0.027 

0.028 

0.029 

0.030 

0.031! 

35 

-0.018 

—0.019 

—0.020 

—0.021 

-0.022 

-0.023 

—0.024 

-0.025 

—0.026 

—0.027 

-0.027 

-0.028 

36 

0.016 

0.017 

0.018 

0.019 

0.020 

0.021 

0.022 

0.022 

0.023 

0.024 

0.025 

0.026 

37 

0.015 

0.015 

0.016 

0.017 

0.018 

0.019 

0.019 

0.020 

0.021 

0.022 

0.022 

0.023 

38 

0.013 

0.014 

0.014 

0.015 

0.016 

0.016 

0.017 

0.018 

0.018 

0.019 

0.020 

0.020 

39 

O.OII 

0.012 

0.012 

0.013 

0.014 

0.014 

0.015 

0.015 

0.016 

0.017 

0.017 

0.018 

40 

-0.010 

—0.010 

-O.OII 

-O.OII 

-0.012 

-0.012 

-0.013 

-0.013 

—0.014 

-0.014 

-0.015 

-0.015 

4i 

0.008 

0.008 

0.009 

0.009 

0.009 

0.010 

0.010 

O.OII 

O.OII 

0.012 

0.012 

0.012 

42 

0.006 

0.006 

0.007 

0.007 

0.007 

0.008 

0.008 

0.008 

0.009 

0.009 

0.009 

0.010 

43 

0.004 

0.005 

0.005 

0.005 

0.005 

0.005 

0.006 

0.006 

0.006 

0.006 

0.007 

0.007 

44 

0.003 

0.003 

0.003 

0.003 

0.003 

0.003 

0.003 

0.004 

0.004 

0.004 

0.004 

0.004 

45 

-0.001 

-0.001 

-0.001 

-0.001 

-0.001 

—0.001 

—0.001 

-0.001 

-0.001 

-0.001 

-0.001 

-0.001 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


130 


Table  49. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  GRAVITY. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 

FROM  LATITUDE  46°  TO  90°  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  ADDED. 


Lati  - 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  IN  INCHES. 


tude. 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

45° 

-0.001 

-0.001 

—0.001 

-0.001 

-0.001 

-0.001 

—0.001 

-0.001 

-0.001 

—0.001 

-0.001 

-0.001 

46 

+0.001 

+0.001 

+0.001 

+0.001 

+0.001 

+0.001 

+0.001 

+0.001 

+0.001 

+0.001 

+0.001 

+0.001 

47 

0.003 

0.003 

0.003 

0.003 

0.003 

0.003 

0.003 

0.004 

0.004 

0.004 

0.004 

0.004 

48 

0.004 

0.005 

0.005 

0.005 

0.005 

0.006 

0.006 

0.006 

0.006 

0.006 

0.007 

0.007 

49 

0.006 

0.006 

0.007 

0.007 

0.007 

0.008 

0.008 

0.008 

0.009 

0.009 

0.009 

0.010 

50 

0.008 

0.008 

0.009 

0.009 

0.010 

0.010 

0.010 

O.OII 

O.OII 

0.012 

0.012 

0.012 

51 

+0.010 

+0.010 

+0.01 1 

+0.011 

+0.012 

+0.012 

+0.013 

+0.013 

+0.014 

+0.014 

+0.015 

+0.015 

52 

O.OII 

0.012 

0.012 

0.013 

0.014 

0.014 

0.015 

0.015 

0.016 

0.016 

0.017 

0.018 

53 

0.013 

0.014 

0.014 

0.015 

0.016 

0.016 

0.017 

0.018 

0.018 

0.019 

0.020 

0.020 

54 

0.015 

0.015 

0.016 

0.017 

0.018 

0.019 

0.019 

0.020 

0.021 

0.022 

0.022 

0.023 

55 

0.016 

0.017 

0.018 

0.019 

0.020 

0.021 

0.021 

0.022 

0.023 

0.024 

0.025 

0.026 

56 

+0.018 

+0.019 

+0.020 

+0.021 

+0.022 

+0.023 

+0.024 

+0.024 

+0.026 

+0.026 

+0.027 

+0.028 

57 

0.020 

0.021 

0.022 

0.023 

0.024 

0.025 

0.026 

0.027 

0.028 

0.029 

0.030 

0.031 

58 

0.021 

0.022 

0.023 

0.025 

0.026 

0.027 

0.028 

0.029 

0.030 

0.031 

0.032 

0.033 

59 

0.023 

0.024 

0.025 

0.026 

0.028 

0.029 

0.030 

0.031 

0.032 

0.033 

0-035 

0.036 

60 

0.024 

0.026 

0.027 

0.028 

0.029 

0.031 

0.032 

0.033 

0.034 

0.036 

0.037 

0.038 

61 

+0.026 

+0.027 

+0.028 

+0.030 

+0.03 1 

+0.033 

+0.034 

+0.035 

+0.037 

+0.038 

+0.039 

+0.041 

62 

0.027 

0.029 

0.030 

0.032 

0.033 

0.034 

0.036 

0.037 

0.039 

0.040 

0.042 

0.043 

63 

0.029 

0.030 

0.032 

0.033 

0.035 

0.036 

0.038 

0.039 

0.041 

0.042 

0.044 

0.045 

64 

0.030 

0.032 

0.033 

0.035 

0.036 

0.038 

0.040 

0.041 

0.043 

0.044 

0.046 

0.047 

65 

0.031 

0.033 

0.035 

0.036 

0.038 

0.040 

0.041 

0.043 

0.045 

0.046 

0.048 

0.050 

66 

+0.033 

+0.034 

+0.036 

+0.038 

+0.040 

+0.041 

+0.043 

+0.045 

+0.047 

+0.048 

+0.050 

+0.052 

67 

0.034 

0.036 

0.038 

0.039 

0.041 

0.043 

0.045 

0.047 

0.048 

0.050 

0.052 

0.054 

68 

0.035 

0.037 

0.039 

0.041 

0.043 

0.045 

0.046 

0.048 

0.050 

0.052 

0.054 

0.056 

69 

0.036 

0.038 

0.040 

0.042 

0.044 

0.046 

0.048 

0.050 

0.052 

0.054 

0.056 

0.058 

70 

0.038 

0.040 

0.042 

0.044 

0.046 

0.048 

0.050 

0.052 

0.053 

0.055 

0.057 

0.059 

71 

+0.039 

+0.041 

+0.043 

+0.045 

+0.047 

+0.049 

+0.051 

+0.053 

+0.055 

+0.057 

+0.059 

+0.061 

72 

0.040 

0.042 

0.044 

0.046 

0.048 

0.050 

0.052 

0.054 

0.057 

0.059 

0.061 

0.063 

73 

0.041 

0.043 

0.045 

0.047 

0.049 

0.052 

0.054 

0.056 

0.058 

0.060 

0.062 

0.064 

74 

0.042 

0.044 

0.046 

0.048 

0.051 

0.053 

0.055 

0.057 

0.059 

0.062 

0.064 

0.066 

75 

0.043 

0.045 

0.047 

0.049 

0.052 

0.054 

0.056 

0.058 

0.061 

0.063 

0.065 

0.067 

76 

+0.044 

+0.046 

+0.048 

+0.050 

+0.053 

+0.055 

+0.057 

+0.060 

+0.062 

+0.064 

+0.066 

+0.069 

77 

0.044 

0.047 

0.049 

0.051 

0.054 

0.056 

0.058 

0.061 

0.063 

0.065 

0.068 

0.070 

78 

0.045 

0.047 

0.050 

0.052 

0.055 

0.057 

0.059 

0.062 

0.064 

0.066 

0.069 

0.071 

79 

0.046 

0.048 

0.051 

0-053 

0.055 

0.058 

0.060 

0.063 

0.065 

0.067 

0.070 

0.072 

80 

0.046 

0.049 

0.051 

0.054 

0.056 

0.059 

0.061 

0.063 

0.066 

0.068 

0.071 

0.073 

81 

+0.047 

+0.049 

+0.052 

+0.054 

+0.057 

+0.059 

+0.062 

+0.064 

+0.067 

+0.069 

+0.072 

+0.074 

82 

0.047 

0.050 

0.052 

0.055 

0.057 

0.060 

0.062 

0.065 

0.067 

0.070 

0.072 

0.075 

83 

0.048 

0.050 

0.053 

0.056 

0.058 

0.061 

0.063 

0.066 

0.068 

0.071 

0.073 

0.076 

84 

0.048 

0.051 

0.053 

0.056 

0.059 

0.061 

0.064 

0.066 

0.069 

0.071 

0.074 

0.076 

85 

0.049 

0.051 

0.054 

0.056 

0.059 

0.061 

0.064 

0.067 

0.069 

0.072 

0.074 

0.077 

90 

+0.049 

+0.052 

+0.055 

+0.057 

+0.060 

+0.062 

+0.065 

+0.068 

+0.070 

+0.073 

+0.075 

+0.078 

131 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


Table  50. 

REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  GRAVITY. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FROM  LATITUDE  0°  TO  45°,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  SUBTRACTED. 


Lati¬ 

tude. 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  IN  MILLIMETERS. 

520 

540 

560 

580 

600 

620 

640 

660 

680 

700 

720 

740 

760 

780 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm, 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

-i-39 

-1-45 

-1.50 

-I.5S 

-1.61 

—  1.66 

-i*7i 

-1.77 

-1.82 

-1.87 

-i-93 

-1.98 

—2.04 

—2.09 

5 

-i-37 

-1.42 

-1.48 

-i-53 

-1.58 

—  1.64 

—  1.69 

-1.74 

-1.79 

-1.8S 

—  1.90 

-i-95 

—  2.00 

-2.06 

6 

1.36 

1.42 

1.47 

1.52 

i-57 

1.63 

1.68 

1-73 

1.78 

1.83 

1.89 

1.94 

x-99 

2.04 

7 

i-35 

1.40 

1.46 

1.51 

1.56 

1.61 

1.66 

1.72 

1.77 

1.82 

1.87 

1.92 

1.98 

2.03 

8 

i-34 

i-39 

1.44 

1.49 

i-55 

1.60 

1.65 

1.70 

r-75 

1.80 

1.85 

1.91 

1.96 

2.01 

9 

i*33 

1.38 

i-43 

1.48 

i-53 

1.58 

1.63 

1.68 

i-73 

1.78 

1.84 

1.89 

1.94 

1.99 

10 

— I*3I 

-1.36 

-1.41 

-1.46 

-i-5i 

-1.56 

-1.61 

-1.66 

-1.71 

-1.76 

-1.81 

-1.86 

—  1.92 

-1.97 

11 

1.29 

i<34 

1-39 

1.44 

1.49 

1*54 

i-59 

1.64 

1.69 

1.74 

1.79 

1.84 

1.89 

1-94 

12 

1.27 

1.32 

i-37 

1.42 

1.47 

1.52 

i-57 

1.62 

1.67 

1.72 

1.76 

1.81 

1.86 

1.91 

13 

1.25 

1.30 

i-35 

1.40 

1.45 

1.50 

i-54 

1-59 

1.64 

1.69 

1.74 

1.78 

1.83 

1.88 

14 

1.23 

1.28 

i-33 

1.38 

1.42 

1.47 

1.52 

1.56 

1.61 

1.66 

1.71 

i-75 

1.80 

1.85 

15 

-1. 21 

-1.26 

-1.30 

-i-35 

-1.40 

-1.44 

-1.49 

-i-54 

-1.S8 

-1.63 

-1.67 

—1.72 

-1.77 

-1.81 

16 

1. 19 

1.23 

1.28 

1.32 

i-37 

1.41 

1.46 

1.50 

i-55 

1.60 

1.64 

1.69 

1-73 

1.78 

17 

1. 16 

1.20 

1.25 

1.29 

i-34 

1.38 

1-43 

1.47 

1.52 

1.56 

1.60 

1.65 

1.69 

1.74 

18 

I*I3 

1. 18 

1.22 

1.26 

I*3I 

i-35 

i-39 

1.44 

1.48 

1.52 

i-57 

1.61 

1.65 

1.70 

19 

1. 10 

I-I5 

1. 19 

1.23 

1.27 

1.32 

1.36 

1.40 

1.44 

1.48 

X-S3 

i-57 

1.61 

1.65 

20 

—  1.07 

—1. 11 

-1. 16 

-1.20 

-1.24 

-1.28 

-1.32 

-1.36 

-1.40 

-1.44 

-1.49 

-1.53 

-i-57 

— 1.61 

21 

1.04 

1.08 

1. 12 

1. 16 

1.20 

1.24 

1.28 

1.32 

1.36 

1.40 

1.44 

1.48 

1.52 

1.56 

22 

I.OI 

1.05 

1.09 

I*I3 

1. 16 

1.20 

1.24 

1.28 

1.32 

1.36 

1.40 

1.44 

1.48 

I*5I 

2  3 

0.98 

I.OI 

1.05 

1.09 

I*I3 

1. 16 

1.20 

1.24 

1.28 

I*3I 

i-35 

i-39 

1-43 

1.46 

24 

0.94 

0.98 

I.OI 

1.05 

1.08 

1. 12 

1. 16 

1. 19 

1.23 

1.27 

1.30 

i-34 

i-37 

1.41 

25 

-0.90 

-0.94 

-0.97 

—  I.OI 

-1.04 

-1.08 

—1. 11 

-1.15 

-1.18 

—1.22 

-1. 25 

-1.29 

-1.32 

-1.36 

26 

0.87 

0.90 

o-93 

0.97 

1. 00 

1.03 

1.07 

1. 10 

I*I3 

1.17 

1.20 

1.23 

1.27 

1.30 

27 

0.83 

0.86 

0.89 

0.92 

0.96 

0.99 

1.02 

1.05 

1.08 

1. 12 

i-i5 

1. 18 

1. 21 

1.24 

28 

0.79 

0.82 

0.85 

0.88 

0.91 

0.94 

0.97 

1. 00 

1.03 

1.06 

1.09 

1. 12 

i-xS 

1. 18 

29 

o.75 

0.78 

0.81 

0.84 

0.86 

0.89 

0.92 

o-95 

0.98 

I.OI 

1.04 

1.07 

1. 10 

1. 12 

30 

-0.71 

-0.74 

-0.76 

-0.79 

-0.82 

-0.85 

-0.87 

-0.90 

-o-93 

-o-95 

-0.98 

—  I.OI 

—1.04 

—1.06 

31 

0.67 

0.69 

0.72 

0.74 

0.77 

0.80 

0.82 

0.85 

0.87 

0.90 

0.92 

o-95 

0.98 

1. 00 

32 

0.62 

0.65 

0.67 

0.70 

0.72 

0.74 

0.77 

0.79 

0.82 

0.84 

0.86 

0.89 

0.91 

0.94 

33 

0.58 

0.60 

0.63 

0.65 

0.67 

0.69 

0.72 

0.74 

0.76 

0.78 

0.80 

0.83 

0.85 

0.87 

34 

0-54 

0.56 

0.58 

0.60 

0.62 

0.64 

0.66 

0.68 

0.70 

0.72 

0.74 

0.76 

0.79 

0.81 

35 

-0.49 

-0.51 

-0.53 

-0.5  s 

-o-57 

-0.59 

-0.61 

-0.63 

-0.64 

—0.66 

-0.68 

-0.70 

-0.72 

-0.74 

36 

o-45 

0.46 

0.48 

0.50 

0.52 

o-53 

0-55 

o-57 

0.58 

0.60 

0.62 

0.64 

0.65 

0.67 

37 

0.40 

0.42 

0.43 

o-45 

0.46 

0.48 

0.49 

0.51 

0.52 

o.54 

0.56 

o.57 

o.59 

0.60 

38 

0.36 

0-37 

0.38 

0.40 

0.41 

0.42 

0.44 

0-45 

0.46 

0.48 

0.49 

0.51 

0.52 

o-53 

39 

0.31 

0.32 

o-33 

0-34 

0.36 

0-37 

0.38 

o-39 

0.40 

0.42 

0.43 

0.44 

o-45 

0.46 

40 

-0.26 

-0.27 

-0.28 

-0.29 

-0.30 

-0.31 

-0.32 

-o-33 

-0.34 

-0-35 

-0.36 

-0.37 

-0.38 

-o-39 

41 

0.21 

0.22 

0.23 

0.24 

0.25 

0.26 

0.26 

0.27 

0.28 

0.29 

0.30 

0.30 

0.31 

0.32 

42 

0.17 

0.17 

0.18 

0.19 

0.19 

0.20 

0.21 

0.21 

0.22 

0.22 

0.23 

0.24 

0.24 

0.25 

43 

0.12 

0.12 

0.13 

0.13 

0.14 

0.14 

0.15 

0.15 

0.16 

0.16 

0.16 

0.17 

0.17 

0.18 

44 

0.07 

0.07 

0.08 

0.08 

0.08 

0.08 

0.09 

0.09 

0.09 

0.10 

0.10 

0.10 

0.10 

O.II 

45 

-0.02 

-0.02 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.04 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


132 


Table  50. 


REDUCTION  OF  THE  BAROMETER  TO  STANDARD  GRAVITY. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

FROM  LATITUDE  46°  TO  90°,  THE  CORRECTION  IS  TO  BE  ADDED. 


Lati¬ 

tude. 

HEIGHT  OF  THE  BAROMETER  IN  MILLIMETERS. 

520 

540 

560 

580 

600 

620 

640 

660 

680 

700 

720 

740 

760 

780 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

45° 

-0.02 

-0.02 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.03 

-0.04 

46 

-1-0.02 

+0.03 

+0.03 

+0.03 

+0.03 

+0.03 

+0.03 

+0.03 

+0.03 

+0.03 

+0.03 

+0.03 

+0.04 

+0.04 

47 

0.07 

0.08 

0.08 

0.08 

0.08 

0.09 

0.09 

0.09 

0.09 

0.10 

0.10 

0.10 

0.10 

O.II 

48 

0.12 

0.12 

0.13 

0.13 

0.14 

0.14 

0.15 

0.15 

0.16 

0.16 

0.17 

0.17 

0.18 

0.18 

49 

0.17 

0.17 

0.18 

0.19 

0.19 

0.20 

0.21 

0.21 

0.22 

0.23 

0.23 

0.24 

0.25 

0.25 

50 

0.22 

0.22 

0.23 

0.24 

0.25 

0.26 

0.26 

0.27 

0.28 

0.29 

0.30 

0.31 

0.31 

0.32 

51 

+0.26 

+0.27 

+0.28 

+0.29 

+0.30 

+0.31 

+0.32 

+o-33 

+o-34 

+o-35 

+0.36 

+o-37 

+0.38 

+0-39 

52 

0.31 

0.32 

°-33 

o-34 

0.36 

0-37 

0.38 

o-39 

0.40 

0.42 

043 

0.44 

045 

0.46 

53 

O.36 

0-37 

0.38 

0.40 

0.41 

0.42 

0.44 

045 

0.46 

0.48 

0.49 

0.51 

0.52 

0-53 

54 

O.4O 

0.42 

o-43 

045 

0.46 

0.48 

0.49 

0.51 

0.52 

0-54 

0.56 

o.57 

0-59 

0.60 

55 

o-45 

0.46 

0.48 

0.50 

0.52 

o-53 

o-55 

o-57 

0.58 

0.60 

0.62 

0.64 

0.65 

0.67 

56 

+0.49 

+0.51 

+o-53 

+0.5  5 

+o*57 

+o-59 

+0.60 

+0.62 

+0.64 

+0.66 

+0.68 

+0.70 

+0.72 

+0.74 

57 

0-54 

0.56 

0.58 

0.60 

0.62 

0.64 

0.66 

0.68 

0.70 

0.72 

0.74 

0.76 

0.78 

0.80 

58 

0.58 

0.60 

0.62 

0.65 

0.67 

0.69 

0.71 

0.74 

0.76 

0.78 

0.80 

0.82 

0.85 

0.87 

59 

0.62 

0.65 

0.67 

0.69 

0.72 

0.74 

0.77 

0.79 

0.81 

0.84 

0.86 

0.89 

0.91 

0-93 

60 

0.66 

0.69 

0.72 

0.74 

0.77 

0.79 

0.82 

0.84 

0.87 

0.89 

0.92 

0.94 

0.97 

1. 00 

61 

+0.71 

+0.73 

+0.76 

+0.79 

+0.81 

+0.84 

+0.87 

+0.89 

+0.92 

+0.95 

+0.98 

+1.00 

+1-03 

+1.06 

62 

0.74 

0.77 

0.80 

0.83 

0.85 

0.88 

0.91 

0.94 

0.97 

1. 00 

1.02 

1.05 

1.08 

1. 11 

63 

0.78 

0.81 

0.85 

0.88 

0.91 

0.94 

0.97 

1. 00 

1.03 

1.06 

1.09 

1. 12 

I*I5 

1. 18 

64 

0.82 

0.85 

0.89 

0.92 

o-95 

0.98 

I.OI 

1.04 

1.08 

1. 11 

1. 14 

1.17 

1.20 

1.23 

65 

0.86 

0.89 

o-93 

0.96 

0.99 

1.03 

1.06 

1.09 

I*I3 

1. 16 

1. 19 

1.22 

1.26 

1.29 

66 

+0.90 

+o-93 

+0.97 

+1.00 

+1.04 

+1.07 

+  1.10 

+1.14 

+1.17 

+1.21 

+1.24 

+1.28 

+1.31 

+1-35 

67 

o-93 

0.97 

1. 00 

1.04 

1.08 

1. 11 

I-I5 

1.18 

1.22 

1.25 

1.29 

i-33 

1.36 

1.40 

68 

0.97 

1. 00 

1.04 

1.08 

1. 11 

I*I5 

1. 19 

1.23 

1.26 

1.30 

i-34 

1-37 

1.41 

1-45 

69 

1. 00 

1.04 

1.08 

1. 11 

I-I5 

1. 19 

1.23 

1.27 

I-3I 

i-34 

1.38 

1.42 

1.46 

1.50 

70 

1.03 

1.07 

1. 11 

I-I5 

1.19 

1.23 

1.27 

I-3I 

i-35 

i-39 

143 

1.47 

I-5I 

i-55 

71 

+1.06 

+  1.10 

+1.14 

+1.18 

+1.22 

+1.26 

+i-3i 

+I-35 

+I-39 

+143 

+147 

+i.5i 

+I-55 

+i-59 

72 

1.09 

i-i3 

i-i7 

1.22 

1.26 

1.30 

i-34 

1.38 

1.42 

147 

i-5i 

i-55 

i-59 

1.63 

73 

1. 12 

1. 16 

1.20 

1.25 

1.29 

i-33 

i-37 

1.42 

1.46 

1.50 

i-55 

i-59 

1.63 

1.67 

74 

1. 14 

1. 19 

1.23 

1.28 

1.32 

1.36 

1.41 

145 

1.50 

i-54 

1.58 

1.63 

1.67 

1.72 

75 

1. 17 

1. 21 

1.26 

1.30 

i-35 

i-39 

1.44 

1.48 

i-53 

i-57 

1.62 

1.66 

1.71 

i-75 

76 

+1-19 

+1.24 

+1.28 

+I-33 

+i-37 

+142 

+147 

+1.51 

+1.56 

+1.60 

+1.65 

+1.70 

+I-74 

+I-79 

77 

1. 21 

1.26 

I*3I 

i-35 

1.40 

145 

1.49 

i-54 

i-59 

1.63 

1.68 

i-73 

1.77 

1.82 

78 

1.23 

1.28 

i-33 

1.38 

1.42 

1.47 

1.52 

i-57 

1.61 

1.66 

i-7i 

1.76 

1.80 

1.85 

79 

1.25 

1.30 

i-35 

1.40 

145 

1.49 

i*54 

i-59 

1.64 

1.69 

1-73 

1.78 

1.83 

1.88 

80 

1.27 

1.32 

i-37 

1.42 

.147 

1.51 

1.56 

1.61 

1.66 

1.71 

1.76 

1.81 

1.86 

1.90 

81 

+1.29 

+I-33 

+1-38 

+143 

+1.48 

+I-53 

+1.58 

+1.63 

+1.68 

+I-73 

+1.78 

+1.83 

+1.88 

+I-93 

82 

1.30 

i-35 

1.40 

145 

1.50 

i-55 

1.60 

1.65 

1.70 

i-75 

1.80 

1.85 

1.90 

i-95 

83 

I*3I 

1.36 

1.41 

1.46 

1.51 

1.56 

1.61 

1.67 

1.72 

1.77 

1.82 

1.87 

1.92 

1.97 

84 

1.32 

i-37 

1.42 

1.48 

i-53 

1.58 

1.63 

1.68 

i-73 

1.78 

1.83 

1.88 

i-93 

1.98 

85 

i-33 

1.38 

143 

1.49 

i-54 

i-59 

1.64 

1.69 

1.74 

1.79 

1.84 

1.90 

i-95 

2.00 

90 

+I-35 

+1.41 

+1.46 

+1.51 

+1.56 

+1.61 

+1.67 

+1.72 

+1.77 

+1.82 

+1.87 

+I-93 

+1.98 

+2.03 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


*33 


Table  51 . 

DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 

Values  of  60368  [1+0.0010195X36]  log  ^9-90. 


Barometric 

Pressure. 

B. 

.00 

.01 

.02 

.03 

.04 

.05 

.06 

.07 

.08 

.09 

Inches. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

12.00 

24814 

24791 

24769 

24746 

24723 

24701 

24678 

24656 

24633 

24611 

12.10 

24588 

24566 

24543 

24521 

24499 

24476 

24454 

24431 

24409 

24387 

12.20 

24365 

24342 

24320 

24298 

24276 

24253 

24231 

24209 

24187 

24165 

12.30 

24143 

24121 

24098 

24076 

24054 

24032 

24010 

23988 

23966 

23944 

12.40 

23923 

23901 

23879 

23857 

23835 

23813 

23791 

23770 

23748 

23726 

12.50 

23704 

23682 

23661 

23639 

23617 

23596 

23574 

23552 

23531 

23509 

12.60 

23488 

23466 

23445 

23423 

23402 

23380 

23359 

23337 

23316 

23294 

12.70 

23273 

23251 

23230 

23209 

23187 

23166 

23145 

23123 

23102 

23081 

12.80 

23060 

23038 

23017 

22996 

22975 

22954 

22933 

2291 1 

22890 

22869 

12.90 

22848 

22827 

22806 

22785 

22764 

22743 

22722 

22701 

22680 

22659 

13.00 

22638 

22617 

22596 

22576 

22555 

22534 

22513 

22492 

22471 

22451 

13.10 

22430 

22409 

22388 

22368 

22347 

22326 

22306 

22285 

22264 

22244 

13.20 

22223 

22203 

22182 

22162 

22141 

22I2I 

22IOO 

22080 

22059 

22039 

13-30 

22018 

21998 

21977 

21957 

21937 

21916 

21896 

21876 

21855 

21835 

13.40 

21815 

21794 

21774 

21734 

21734 

2I7I3 

21693 

21673 

21653 

21633 

13.50 

21612 

21592 

21572 

21552 

21532 

2I5I2 

21492 

21472 

21452 

21432 

13.60 

21412 

21392 

21372 

21352 

21332 

2I3I2 

21292 

21272 

21252 

21233 

13.70 

21213 

21 193 

21173 

2H53 

21134 

2III4 

21094 

21074 

21054 

21035 

13.80 

21015 

20995 

20976 

20956 

20936 

20917 

20897 

20878 

20858 

20838 

13.90 

20819 

20799 

20780 

20760 

20741 

20721 

20702 

20682 

20663 

20643 

14.00 

20624 

20605 

20585 

20566 

20546 

20527 

20508 

20488 

20469 

20450 

14.10 

20431 

2041 1 

20392 

20373 

20354 

20334 

20315 

20296 

20277 

20258 

14.20 

20238 

20219 

20200 

20181 

20162 

20143 

20124 

20105 

20086 

20067 

14.30 

20048 

20029 

20010 

19991 

19972 

19953 

19934 

I99I5 

19896 

19877 

14.40 

19858 

19839 

I982I 

19802 

19783 

I9764 

19745 

I9727 

19708 

19689 

14.50 

19670 

I965I 

19633 

19614 

19595 

19577 

19558 

19539 

19521 

I9502 

14.60 

19483 

19465 

I9446 

19428 

19409 

I939O 

19372 

19353 

19335 

19316 

14.70 

19298 

I9279 

I9261 

19242 

19224 

19206 

I9187 

19169 

19150 

I9132 

14.80 

19114 

19095 

I9077 

19059 

19040 

19022 

19004 

18985 

18967 

18949 

14.90 

18931 

18912 

18894 

18876 

18S58 

18840 

18821 

18803 

18785 

18767 

15.00 

18749 

1873I 

18713 

18694 

18676 

18658 

18640 

18622 

18604 

18586 

15.10 

18568 

18550 

18532 

18514 

18496 

18478 

18460 

18442 

18425 

18407 

15-20 

18389 

18371 

18353 

18335 

18317 

183OO 

18282 

18264 

18246 

18228 

15-30 

18211 

18193 

18175 

18157 

18140 

18122 

18104 

18086 

18069 

18051 

15.40 

18033 

l8oi6 

17998 

17981 

17963 

17945 

17928 

17910 

17893 

17875 

15.50 

17858 

17840 

17823 

17805 

17788 

17770 

17753 

17735 

17718 

17700 

15-60 

17683 

17665 

17648 

17631 

17613 

17596 

17578 

17561 

17544 

17526 

15-70 

17509 

17492 

17474 

17457 

17440 

17423 

17405 

17388 

1 737 1 

17354 

15.80 

17337 

I73I9 

17302 

17285 

17268 

1 725 1 

17234 

17216 

17199 

17182 

15-90 

17165 

I7148 

I7I3I 

I7II4 

17097 

17080 

I7063 

17046 

17029 

17012 

16.00 

16995 

16978 

16961 

16944 

16927 

169IO 

16893 

16876 

16859 

16842 

16.10 

16825 

16808 

16792 

16775 

16758 

1674I 

16724 

16707 

16691 

16674 

16.20 

16657 

16640 

16623 

16607 

16590 

16573 

16557 

16540 

16523 

16506 

16.30 

16490 

16473 

16456 

16440 

16423 

16406 

16390 

16373 

16357 

16340 

16.40 

16324 

16307 

1629O 

16274 

16257 

16241 

16224 

16208 

16191 

16175 

16.50 

16158 

16142 

16125 

16109 

16092 

16076 

16060 

16043 

16027 

l6oiO 

16.60 

15994 

15978 

15961 

15945 

15929 

I59I2 

I5896 

15880 

15863 

15847 

16.70 

15831 

15815 

15798 

15782 

15766 

15750 

15733 

I57I7 

15701 

15685 

16.80 

15669 

15652 

15636 

15620 

15604 

15588 

15572 

15556 

15539 

15523 

16.90 

15507 

I549I 

15475 

15459 

15443 

15427 

I54II 

15395 

15379 

15363 

17.00 

15347 

I533I 

I53I5 

15299 

15283 

15267 

I525I 

15235 

15219 

15203 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


134 


Table  51 . 

DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


p q  qn 

Values  of  60368  [1+0.0010195X36]  log  D  - 

D 


Barometric 

Pressure 

B. 

.00 

.01 

.02 

.03 

.04 

.05 

.06 

.07 

.08 

.09 

Inches. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

17.00 

15347 

I533I 

I53I5 

15299 

15283 

15267 

I525I 

15235 

I52I9 

15203 

17.10 

15187 

15172 

15156 

15 140 

I5I24 

15108 

15092 

15076 

15061 

15045 

17.20 

15029 

15013 

14997 

14982 

14966 

14950 

14934 

14919 

14903 

14887 

17.30 

14871 

14856 

14840 

14824 

14809 

14793 

14777 

14762 

14746 

14730 

17.40 

I47I5 

14699 

14684 

14668 

14652 

14637 

14621 

14606 

14590 

14575 

17.50 

14559 

14544 

14528 

145 1 2 

14497 

14481 

14466 

14451 

14435 

14420 

17.60 

14404 

14389 

14373 

14358 

14342 

14327 

143 1 2 

14296 

14281 

14266 

17.70 

14250 

14235 

14219 

I4204 

14189 

I4I73 

14158 

I4I43 

14128 

I4II2 

17.80 

14097 

14082 

14067 

1405 1 

14036 

1402 1 

14006 

13990 

13975 

I3960 

17.90 

13945 

13930 

I39I4 

13899 

13884 

13869 

1.3854 

13839 

13824 

I3808 

18.00 

13793 

13778 

13763 

13748 

13733 

13718 

13703 

13688 

13673 

13658 

18.10 

13643 

13628 

13613 

13598 

13583 

13568 

13553 

13538 

13523 

13508 

18.20 

13493 

13478 

13463 

13448 

13433 

13418 

13404 

13389 

13374 

13359 

18.30 

13344 

13329 

13314 

13300 

13285 

13270 

13255 

13240 

13226 

I32II 

18.40 

13196 

13181 

13166 

I3I52 

I3I37 

13122 

13 107 

13093 

13078 

13063 

18.50 

13049 

13034 

13019 

13005 

I299O 

12975 

I2961 

12946 

1 293 1 

12917 

18.60 

12902 

12888 

12873 

12858 

12844 

12829 

12815 

12800 

12785 

I277I 

18.70 

12756 

12742 

12727 

I27I3 

12698 

12684 

I2669 

12655 

12640 

12626 

18.80 

726ll 

12597 

12583 

12568 

12554 

12539 

12525 

1 2510 

12496 

12482 

18.90 

12467 

12453 

12438 

12424 

12410 

12395 

12381 

12367 

12352 

12338 

19.00 

12324 

1 23 IO 

12295 

12281 

12267 

12252 

12238 

12224 

I22IO 

12195 

19.10 

12181 

12167 

I2I53 

12138 

12124 

I2IIO 

I2096 

12082 

12068 

12053 

19.20 

12039 

12025 

12011 

II997 

II983 

II969 

1 1954 

1 1940 

II926 

II912 

19.30 

11898 

11884 

II870 

II856 

11842 

11828 

Il8l4 

1 1800 

II786 

11772 

19.40 

11758 

1 1744 

1 1 730 

II716 

1 1 702 

1 1688 

II674 

1 1660 

II646 

II632 

19.50 

11618 

11604 

1 1590 

11576 

11562 

11548 

1 1534 

1 1520 

1 1507 

H493 

19.60 

1 1479 

11465 

1 145 1 

1 1437 

1 1423 

II4IO 

II396 

11382 

II368 

1 1354 

19.70 

1 1340 

II327 

II3I3 

1 1299 

11285 

II272 

11258 

1 1 244 

1 1 23O 

II2I7 

19.80 

1 1 203 

11189 

III75 

IIl62 

III48 

1 1 134 

III2I 

1 1 107 

I IO93 

1 1 080 

19.90 

1 1066 

I IO52 

I IO39 

1 1025 

IIOII 

IO998 

IO984 

I0970 

10957 

IO943 

20.00 

IO930 

10916 

IO903 

I0889 

10875 

10862 

I0848 

10835 

10821 

I0808 

20.10 

IO794 

10781 

IO767 

10754 

10740 

IO727 

107 13 

I0700 

10686 

10673 

20.20 

10659 

10646 

I0632 

IO619 

10605 

IO592 

10579 

10565 

10552 

10538 

20.30 

10525 

105 12 

IO498 

IO485 

10472 

IO458 

10445 

1043 1 

IO418 

I0405 

20.40 

I039I 

IO378 

IO365 

10352 

10338 

IO325 

IO3 1 2 

10298 

10285 

I0272 

20.50 

IO259 

10245 

10232 

10219 

10206 

IOI92 

IOI79 

I0166 

IOI53 

IOI39 

20.60 

10126 

IOII3 

IOIOO 

IO087 

10074 

10060 

IOO47 

IOO34 

1 002 1 

10008  1 

20.70 

9995 

9982 

9968 

9955 

9942 

9929 

9916 

9903 

989O 

9877 

20.80 

9864 

9851 

9838 

9825 

9812 

9799 

9786 

9772 

9759 

9746 

20.90 

9733 

9720 

9707 

9694 

9681 

9668 

9655 

9642 

9629 

9617 

21.00 

9604 

9591 

9578 

9565 

9552 

9539 

9526 

9513 

9500 

9487 

21.10 

9474 

9462 

9449 

9436 

9423 

94io 

9397 

9384 

9372 

9359 

21.20 

9346 

9333 

9320 

9307 

9295 

9282 

9269 

9256 

9244 

9231 

21.30 

9218 

9205 

9193 

9180 

9167 

9154 

9142 

9129 

9116 

9103 

21.40 

9091 

9078 

9065 

9053 

9040 

9027 

9015 

9002 

8989 

8977 

21.50 

8964 

8951 

8939 

8926 

8913 

8901 

8888 

8876 

8863 

8850 

21.60 

8838 

8825 

8813 

8800 

8788 

8775 

8762 

8750 

8737 

8725 

21.70 

8712 

8700 

8687 

8675 

8662 

8650 

8637 

8625 

8612 

8600 

21.80 

8587 

8575 

8562 

8550 

8538 

8525 

8513 

8500 

8488 

8475 

21.90 

8463 

8451 

8438 

8426 

8413 

8401 

8389 

8376 

8364 

8352 

22.00 

8339 

8327 

8314 

8302 

8290 

8277 

8263 

8253 

8240 

8228 

Smithsonian  Tables, 

135 


Table  51 . 


DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


og  90 

Values  of  60368  [1+0.0010195X36]  log  - ~  B 


Barometric 

Pressure. 

B. 

.00 

.01 

.02 

.03 

.04 

.05 

.06 

.07 

.08 

.09 

Inches. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

22.00 

8339 

8327 

83H 

8302 

8290 

8277 

8265 

8253 

8240 

8228 

22.10 

8216 

8204 

8191 

8179 

8167 

8154 

8142 

8130 

8ll8 

8105 

22.20 

8093 

8081 

8069 

8056 

8044 

8032 

8020 

8008 

7995 

7983 

22.30 

7971 

7959 

7947 

7935 

7922 

79IQ 

7898 

7886 

7874 

7862 

22.40 

7849 

7837 

7825 

7813 

7801 

7789 

7777 

7765 

7753 

7740 

22.50 

7728 

7716 

7704 

7692 

7680 

7668 

7656 

7644 

7632 

7620 

22.60 

7608 

7596 

7584 

7572 

7560 

7548 

7536 

7524 

7512 

7500 

22.70 

7488 

7476 

7464 

7452 

7440 

7428 

7416 

7404 

7392 

7380 

22.80 

7368 

7356 

7345 

7333 

7321 

7309 

7297 

7285 

7273 

7261 

22.90 

7249 

7238 

7226 

7214 

7202 

7190 

7178 

7166 

7155 

7143 

23.00 

7131 

7119 

7107 

7096 

7084 

7072 

7060 

7048 

70 37 

7025 

23.10 

7013 

7001 

6990 

6978 

6966 

6954 

6943 

6931 

6919 

6907 

23.20 

6896 

6884 

6872 

6861 

6849 

6837 

6825 

6814 

6802 

6790 

23-30 

6779 

6767 

6755 

6744 

6732 

6721 

6709 

6697 

6686 

6674 

23.40 

6662 

6651 

6639 

6628 

6616 

6604 

6593 

6581 

6570 

6558 

23.50 

6546 

6535 

6523 

6512 

6500 

6489 

6477 

6466 

6454 

6443 

23.60 

6431 

6420 

6408 

6397 

6385 

6374 

6362 

6351 

6339 

6328 

23.70 

6316 

6305 

6293 

6282 

6270 

6259 

6247 

6236 

6225 

6213 

23.80 

6202 

6190 

6179 

6167 

6156 

6145 

6133 

6122 

6110 

6099 

23.90 

6088 

6076 

6065 

6054 

6042 

6031 

6020 

6008 

5997 

5986 

24.00 

5974 

5963 

5952 

5940 

5929 

59i8 

5906 

5895 

5884 

5872 

24.10 

:  5861 

5850 

5839 

5827 

5816 

5805 

5794 

5782 

577i 

5760 

24.20 

5749 

5737 

5726 

5715 

5704 

5693 

5681 

5670 

5659 

5648 

24.30 

,  5637 

5625 

5614 

5603 

5592 

558i 

5570 

5558 

5547 

5536 

24.40 

5525 

5514 

5503 

5492 

5480 

5469 

5458 

5447 

5430 

5425 

24.50 

5414 

5403 

5392 

5381 

5369 

5358 

5347 

5336 

5325 

5314 

24.60 

5303 

5292 

5281 

5270 

5259 

5248 

5237 

5226 

5215 

5204 

24.70 

5193 

5182 

5171 

5160 

5149 

5138 

5127 

5116 

5105 

5094 

24.80 

5083 

5072 

5061 

5050 

5039 

5028 

5017 

5006 

4995 

4985 

24.90 

4974 

4963 

4952 

4941 

4930 

4919 

4908 

4897 

4886 

4876 

25.00 

4865 

4854 

4843 

4832 

4821 

4810 

4800 

4789 

4778 

4767 

25.10 

4756 

4745 

4735 

4724 

4713 

4702 

4691 

4681 

4670 

4659 

25.20 

4648 

4637 

4627 

4616 

4605 

4594 

4584 

4573 

4562 

4551 

25-30 

4540 

4530 

4519 

4508 

4498 

4487 

4476 

4465 

4455 

4444 

25.40 

4433' 

4423 

4412 

4401 

4391 

438o 

4369 

4358 

4348 

4337 

25.50 

4326 

43i6 

4305 

4295 

4284 

4273 

4263 

4252 

4241 

4231 

25.60 

4220 

4209 

4199 

4188 

4178 

4167 

4156 

4146 

4135 

4125 

25.70 

4114 

4104 

4093 

4082 

4072 

4061 

4051 

4040 

4030 

4019 

25.80 

4009 

3998 

3988 

3977 

3966 

3956 

3945 

3935 

3924 

3914 

25.90 

3903 

3893 

3882 

3872 

3861 

3851 

3841 

3830 

3820 

3809 

26.00 

3799 

3788 

3778 

3767 

3757 

3746 

3736 

3726 

3715 

3705 

26.10 

3694 

3684 

3674 

3663 

3653 

3642 

3632 

3622 

3611 

3601 

26.20 

3590 

358o 

3570 

3559 

3549 

3539 

3528 

3518 

3508 

3497 

26.30  • 

3487 

3477 

3466 

3456 

3446 

3435 

3425 

3415 

3404 

3394 

26,40 

3384 

3373 

3363 

3353 

3343 

3332 

3322 

3312 

3301 

3291 

26.50 

3281 

3270 

3260 

3250 

3240 

3230 

3219 

3209 

3199 

3189 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


I36 


Table  51 . 

DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Values  of  60368  [1  +  0.0010195  X  36]  log  — g— • 


Barometric 

Pressure. 

B. 

.00 

.01 

.02 

.03 

.04 

.05 

.06 

.07 

.08 

.09 

Inches. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

26.50 

3281 

3270 

3260 

3250 

3240 

3230 

3219 

3209 

3199 

3189 

26.60 

3179 

3168 

3158 

3148 

3138 

3128 

3117 

3107 

3097 

3087 

26.70 

3077 

3066 

3056 

3046 

3036 

3026 

3016 

3005 

2995 

2985 

26.80 

2975 

2965 

2955 

2945 

2934 

2924 

2914 

2904 

2894 

2884 

26.90 

2874 

2864 

2854 

2843 

2S33 

2823 

2813 

2803 

2793 

2783 

27.00 

2773 

2763 

2753 

2743 

2733 

2723 

2713 

2703 

2692 

2682 

27.10 

2672 

2662 

2652 

2642 

2632 

2622 

2612 

2602 

2592 

2582 

27.20 

2572 

2562 

2552 

2542 

2532 

2522 

2512 

2502 

2493 

2483 

27.30 

2473 

2463 

2453 

2443 

2433 

2423 

24  T3 

2403 

2393 

2383 

27.40 

2373 

2363 

2353 

2343 

2334 

2324 

2314 

2304 

2294 

2284. 

27.50 

2274 

2264 

2254 

2245 

2235 

2225 

2215 

2205 

2195 

2185 

27.60 

2176 

2166 

2156 

2146 

2136 

2126 

2Il6 

2107 

2097 

2087 

27.70 

2077 

2067 

2058 

2048 

2038 

2028 

2018 

2009 

1999 

1989 

27.80 

1979 

1970 

i960 

1950 

1940 

1930 

1921 

1911 

1901 

1891 

27.90 

1882 

1872 

1862 

1852 

1843 

1833 

1823 

1814 

1804 

1794 

28.00 

1784  ' 

1775 

1765 

1755 

1746 

1736 

1726 

1717 

1707 

1697 

28.10 

1688 

1678 

1668 

1659 

1649 

1639 

1630 

1620 

1610 

l6oi 

28.20 

I591 

1581 

1572 

1562 

1552 

1543 

1533 

1524 

1514 

1504 

28.30 

1495 

1485 

1476 

1466 

1456 

1447 

1437 

1428 

1418 

1408 

28.40 

1399 

1389 

1380 

1370 

1361 

1351 

1342 

1332 

1322 

1313 

28.50 

1303 

1294 

1284 

1275 

1265 

1256 

1246 

1237 

1227 

1218 

28.60 

1208 

II99 

1189 

Il8o 

II70 

Il6l 

II5I 

1142 

II32 

II23 

28.70 

1113 

II04 

1094 

1085 

1075 

1066 

1057 

1047 

1038 

1028 

28.80 

1019 

IOO9 

IOOO 

990 

981 

972 

962 

953 

943 

934 

28.90 

925 

915 

906 

896 

887 

878 

868 

859 

849 

840 

29.00 

831 

821 

812 

803 

793 

784 

775 

765 

756 

746 

29.10 

737 

728 

,  718 

709 

700 

690 

681 

672 

663 

653 

29.20 

644 

635 

625 

616 

607 

597 

588 

579 

570 

560 

29.30 

55i 

542 

532 

523 

5i4 

505 

495 

486 

477 

468 

29.40 

458 

449 

440 

431 

421 

412 

403 

394 

384 

375 

29.50 

366 

357 

348 

338 

329 

320 

3TI 

302 

292 

283 

29.60 

274 

265 

256 

247 

2  37 

228 

219 

210 

201 

192 

29.70 

182 

173 

164 

155 

146 

137 

128 

118 

109 

100 

29.80 

+  91 

+  82 

+  73 

+  64 

+  55 

+  45 

+  36 

+  27 

+  tS 

+  9 

29.90 

0 

-  9 

-  18 

-  27 

-  36 

-  45 

-  55 

-  64 

-  73 

-  82 

30.00 

-  91 

— 100 

— r  109 

—  T  l8 

-  127 

-136 

-145 

-154 

-163 

-172 

30.10 

-  181 

—  190 

-199 

—  208 

—  217 

—  226 

-235 

-244 

-253 

—  262 

30.20 

—  271 

—  280 

—  289 

—  298 

-307 

-316 

-325 

-334 

-343 

-352 

30-30 

-361 

-370 

-379 

-388 

-397 

—  406 

-415 

-424 

-433 

-442 

30.40 

-451 

—  460 

-469 

-478 

-486 

-495 

-504 

-513 

-522 

-531 

30.50 

-540 

-549 

-558 

-567 

-576 

-585 

-593 

—  602 

—  611 

—  620 

30.60 

—  629 

-638 

-647 

-656 

-665 

-673 

-682 

—  691 

—  700 

-709 

30.70 

-718 

-727 

-735 

-744 

-753 

—  762 

-771 

—  780 

-7S8 

-797 

30.80 

-806 

-815 

-824 

-833 

-841 

-850 

-859 

-868 

-877 

-885 

Smithsonian  Tables, 

137 


Table  52. 

DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 

Term  for  Temperature:  0.002039  ($  —  50°)  z. 


For  temperatures  {  j>°°  £}the  values  are  to  be  {  ^tm'eted. 


Mean 

Temperature. 

0. 

APPROXIMATE  DIFFERENCE  OF  HEIGHT  OBTAINED  FROM  TABLE 

20. 

20 

40 

60 

80 

100 

200 

300 

400 

500 

600 

700 

800 

900 

F. 

F. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

49° 

51° 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

43 

52 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

4 

47 

53 

O 

O 

O 

O 

I 

I 

2 

2 

3 

4 

4 

5 

6 

46 

54 

O 

O 

O 

I 

I 

2 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

7 

45 

55 

O 

O 

I 

I 

I 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

44 

56 

O 

O 

I 

I 

I 

2 

4 

5 

6 

7 

9 

10 

11 

43 

57 

O 

I 

I 

I 

I 

3 

4 

6 

7 

9 

10 

11 

13 

42 

53 

O 

I 

I 

I 

2 

3 

5 

7 

8 

10 

11 

13 

15 

4i 

59 

O 

I 

I 

I 

2 

4 

6 

7 

9 

11 

13 

15 

17 

40 

60 

O 

I 

I 

2 

2 

4 

6 

8 

10 

12 

14 

16 

18 

39 

61 

O 

I 

I 

2 

2 

4 

7 

9 

11 

13 

16 

18 

20 

33 

62 

O 

I 

I 

2 

2 

5 

7 

10 

12 

15 

17 

20 

22 

37 

63 

I 

I 

2 

2 

3 

5 

8 

11 

13 

16 

19 

21 

24 

36 

64 

I 

I 

2 

2 

3 

6 

9 

11 

14 

17 

20 

23 

26 

35 

65 

I 

I 

2 

2 

3 

6 

9 

12 

15 

18 

21 

24 

28 

34 

66 

I 

I 

2 

3 

3 

7 

10 

13 

16 

20 

23 

26 

29 

33 

67 

I 

I 

2 

3 

3 

7 

10 

14 

17 

21 

24 

28 

3i 

32 

68 

I 

I 

2 

3 

4 

7 

11 

15 

18 

22 

26 

29 

33 

3i 

69 

I 

2 

2 

3 

4 

8 

12 

15 

19 

23 

27 

3i 

35 

30 

70 

I 

2 

2 

3 

4 

8 

12 

16 

20 

24 

29 

33 

37 

29 

7i 

I 

2 

3 

3 

4 

9 

13 

17 

21 

26 

30 

34 

39 

28 

72 

I 

2 

3 

4 

4 

9 

13 

18 

22 

27 

3i 

36 

40 

27 

73 

I 

2 

3 

4 

5 

9 

14 

19 

23 

28 

33 

38 

42 

26 

74 

I 

2 

3 

4 

5 

10 

15 

20 

24 

29 

34 

39 

44 

25 

75 

I 

2 

3 

4 

5 

10 

15 

20 

25 

3i 

36 

4i 

46 

24 

76 

I 

2 

3 

4 

5 

11 

16 

21 

27 

32 

37 

42 

48 

23 

77 

I 

2 

3 

4 

6 

11 

17 

22 

28 

33 

39 

44 

50 

22 

78 

I 

2 

3 

5 

6 

11 

17 

23 

29 

34 

40 

46 

5i 

21 

79 

I 

2 

4 

5 

6 

12 

18 

24 

30 

35 

4i 

47 

53 

20 

80 

I 

2 

4 

5 

6 

12 

18 

24 

3i 

37 

43 

49 

55 

19 

81 

I 

3 

4 

5 

6 

13 

19 

25 

32 

38 

44 

5i 

57 

18 

82 

I 

3 

4 

5 

7 

13 

20 

26 

33 

39 

46 

52 

59 

17 

83 

I 

3 

4 

5 

7 

13 

20 

27 

34 

40 

47 

54 

61 

16 

84 

I 

3 

4 

6 

7 

14 

21 

28 

35 

42 

49 

55 

62 

15 

85 

I 

3 

4 

6 

7 

14 

21 

29 

36 

43 

50 

57 

64 

14 

86 

I 

3 

4 

6 

7 

15 

22 

29 

37 

44 

5i 

59 

66 

13 

87 

2 

3 

5 

6 

8 

15 

23 

30 

38 

45 

53 

60 

68 

12 

88 

2 

3 

5 

6 

8 

15 

23 

3i 

39 

46 

54 

62 

70 

11 

89 

2 

3 

5 

6 

8 

16 

24 

32 

40 

48 

56 

64 

72 

10 

90 

2 

3 

5 

7 

8 

16 

24 

33 

4i 

49 

57 

65 

73 

9 

9i 

2 

3 

5 

7 

8 

17 

25 

33 

42 

50 

59 

67 

75 

8 

92 

2 

3 

5 

7 

9 

17 

26 

34 

43 

5i 

60 

69 

77 

7 

93 

2 

4 

5 

7 

9 

18 

26 

35 

44 

53 

61 

70 

79 

6 

94 

2 

4 

5 

7 

9 

18 

27 

36 

45 

54 

63 

72 

81 

5 

95 

2 

4 

6 

7 

9 

18 

28 

37 

46 

55 

64 

73 

83 

4 

96 

2 

4 

6 

8 

9 

19 

28 

38 

47 

56 

66 

75 

84 

3 

97 

2 

4 

6 

8 

10 

19 

29 

38 

48 

57 

67 

77 

86 

2 

98 

2 

4 

6 

8 

10 

20 

29 

39 

49 

59 

69 

78 

88 

1 

99 

2 

4 

6 

8 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

60 

70 

80 

90 

0 

100 

2 

4 

6 

8 

10 

20 

3i 

4i 

5i 

61 

7i 

82 

92 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


Table  52. 

DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 

Term  for  Temperature  :  0.002039  ($  —  50°)  z. 


For  temperatures  {  £  }  the  values  are  to  be  {  ^'tcted. 


Mean 

Temperature. 

<9. 

APPROXIMATE  DIFFERENCE  OF 

HEIGHT  OBTAINED 

FROM 

1 

TABLE  20. 

1000 

2000 

3000 

4000 

5000 

6000 

7000 

8000 

9000 

10000 

20000 

F. 

F. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

49° 

51° 

2 

4 

6 

8 

IO 

12 

14 

16 

18 

20 

41 

48 

52 

4 

8 

12 

16 

20 

24 

29 

33 

37 

41 

82 

47 

53 

6 

12 

18 

24 

3* 

37 

43 

49 

55 

6l 

122 

46 

54 

8 

16 

24 

33 

41 

49 

57 

65 

73 

82 

163 

45 

55 

10 

20 

31 

4i 

51 

61 

71 

82 

92 

102 

204 

44 

56 

12 

24 

37 

49 

61 

73 

86 

98 

no 

122 

245 

43 

57 

14 

29 

43 

57 

71 

86 

IOO 

114 

128 

143 

285 

42 

58 

16 

33 

49 

65 

82 

98 

114 

130 

147 

163 

326 

4i 

59 

18 

37 

55 

73 

92 

no 

128 

147 

165 

184 

367 

40 

60 

20 

4i 

61 

82 

102 

122 

143 

163 

184 

204 

408 

39 

61 

22 

45 

67 

90 

112 

*35 

157 

179 

202 

22/J. 

449 

3« 

62 

24 

49 

73 

98 

122 

147 

171 

196 

220 

245 

489 

37 

63 

27 

53 

80 

106 

*33 

*59 

186 

212 

239 

265 

530 

36 

64 

29 

57 

86 

114 

*43 

171 

200 

228 

257 

285 

57* 

35 

65 

3i 

61 

92 

122 

*53 

184 

214 

245 

275 

306 

612 

34 

66 

33 

65 

98 

130 

163 

196 

228 

261 

294 

326 

652 

33 

67 

35 

69 

104 

139 

*73 

208 

243 

277 

3*2 

347 

693 

32 

68 

37 

73 

no 

147 

184 

220 

257 

294 

330 

367 

734 

3i 

69 

39 

77 

116 

155 

194 

232 

271 

3*° 

349 

387 

775 

30 

70 

4i 

82 

122 

163 

204 

245 

285 

326 

367 

408 

816 

29 

7i 

43 

86 

128 

171 

214 

257 

300 

343 

385 

428 

856 

28 

72 

45 

90 

135 

179 

224 

269 

314 

359 

404 

449 

897 

27 

73 

47 

94 

141 

188 

234 

281 

328 

375 

422 

469 

938 

26 

74 

49 

98 

147 

196 

245 

294 

343 

39* 

440 

489 

979 

25 

75 

5i 

102 

153 

204 

255 

306 

357 

408 

459 

5*o 

1020 

24 

76 

53 

106 

159 

212 

265 

3*8 

37i 

424 

477 

530 

1060 

23 

77 

55 

no 

165 

220 

275 

33o 

385 

440 

495 

55* 

noi 

22 

78 

57 

1 14 

171 

228 

285 

343 

400 

457 

5*4 

57* 

1142 

21 

79 

59 

118 

177 

236 

296 

355 

414 

473 

532 

59* 

1183 

20 

80 

61 

122 

184 

245 

306 

367 

428 

489 

55i 

612 

1223 

19 

81 

63 

126 

190 

253 

316 

379 

442 

506 

569 

632 

1264 

18 

82 

65 

130 

196 

261 

326 

39* 

457 

522 

587 

652 

1305 

17 

83 

67 

135 

202 

269 

336 

404 

47* 

538 

606 

673 

1346 

16 

84 

69 

139 

208 

2  77 

347 

416 

485 

555 

624 

693 

1387 

15 

85 

7i 

143 

214 

285 

357 

428 

500 

57* 

642 

7*4 

1427 

14 

86 

73 

147 

220 

294 

367 

440 

5*4 

587 

661 

734 

1468 

13 

87 

75 

*5* 

226 

302 

377 

453 

528 

604 

679 

754 

1509 

12 

88 

77 

155 

232 

310 

387 

465 

542 

620 

697 

775 

1550 

11 

89 

80 

159 

239 

318 

398 

477 

557 

636 

716 

795 

1590 

10 

90 

82 

163 

245 

326 

408 

489 

57i 

652 

734 

816 

1631  | 

9 

9i 

84 

167 

251 

334 

418 

502 

585 

669 

752 

836 

1672 

8 

92 

86 

171 

257 

343 

428 

5*4 

599 

685 

771 

856 

17*3  j 

7 

93 

88 

175 

263 

35i 

438 

526 

614 

701 

789 

877 

*754  1 

6 

94 

90 

179 

269 

359 

449 

538 

628 

7*8 

807 

897 

*794  | 

5 

95 

92 

184 

275 

367 

459 

55i 

642 

734 

826 

918 

1835  i 

4 

96 

94 

188 

281 

375 

469 

563 

657 

750 

844 

938 

1876  j 

3 

97 

96 

192 

287 

383 

479 

575 

671 

767 

862 

958 

1917 1 

2 

98 

98 

196 

294 

39* 

489 

587 

685 

783 

881 

979 

*957  J 

1 

99 

100 

200 

300 

400 

500 

599 

699 

799 

899 

999 

1998 

0 

100 

102 

204 

306 

408 

5*o 

612 

7i4 

816 

918 

1020 

2039 

SMITH6ONIAN  TABLE*. 


139 


Table  53, 


DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Correction  for  Gravity  and  Weight  of  Mercury :  z  (0.002640  cos  2  <£  —  0.000007  cos1 2  +  0.00244). 


Latitude. 

APPROXIMATE  DIFFERENCE  OF 

HEIGHT  OBTAINED  FROM  TABLES  51-52. 

0 

500 

1000 

1500 

2000 

2500 

3000 

3500 

4000 

4500 

5000 

5500 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

0° 

+3 

+5 

+8 

+  10 

+  13 

+  15 

+  18 

+  20 

+23 

+  25 

+  28 

2 

3 

5 

8 

10 

13 

15 

18 

20 

23 

25 

28 

4 

3 

5 

8 

10 

13 

15 

18 

20 

23 

25 

28 

6 

3 

5 

8 

10 

13 

15 

18 

20 

23 

25 

28 

8 

2 

5 

7 

10 

12 

15 

17 

20 

22 

25 

27 

10 

+  2 

+5 

+  7 

+  10 

+  12 

+  15 

+  17 

+  20 

+  22 

+  25 

+  27 

12 

2 

5 

7 

10 

12 

15 

17 

19 

22 

24 

27 

14 

2 

5 

7 

10 

12 

14 

17 

19 

21 

24 

26 

16 

2 

5 

7 

9 

12 

14 

16 

19 

21 

23 

26 

18 

2 

5 

7 

9 

11 

14 

16 

18 

21 

23 

25 

20 

+  2 

+4 

+  7 

+  9 

+  11 

+  13 

+  16 

+  18 

+  20 

+  22 

+  24 

22 

2 

4 

6 

9 

11 

13 

15 

17 

19 

22 

24 

24 

2 

4 

6 

8 

10 

13 

15 

17 

19 

21 

23 

26 

2 

4 

6 

8 

10 

12 

14 

16 

18 

20 

22 

28 

2 

4 

6 

8 

10 

12 

M 

16 

18 

20 

21 

30 

+  2 

+4 

+6 

+  8 

+  9 

+  11 

+  13 

+  15 

+  17 

+  19 

+  21 

32 

2 

4 

S 

7 

9 

11 

13 

14 

16 

18 

20 

34 

2 

3 

5 

7 

9 

10 

12 

14 

15 

17 

19 

36 

2 

3 

5 

6 

8 

10 

11 

13 

15 

16 

18 

38 

2 

3 

5 

6 

8 

9 

11 

12 

14 

15 

17 

40 

+1 

+3 

+4 

+  6 

+  7 

+  9 

+  10 

+  12 

+  13 

+  14 

+  16 

42 

1 

3 

4 

5 

7 

8 

9 

11 

12 

13 

15 

44 

1 

3 

4 

5 

6 

8 

9 

10 

11 

13 

14 

45 

+  1 

+  2 

+4 

+  5 

+  6 

+  7 

+  9 

+  10 

+  11 

+  12 

+  13 

46 

+1 

+  2 

+4 

+  5 

+  6 

+  7 

+  8 

+  9 

+  11 

+  12 

+  13 

48 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

50 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

52 

+  1 

+  2 

+3 

+  4 

+  4 

+  5 

+  6 

+  7 

+  8 

+  9 

+  10 

54 

1 

2 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

6 

7 

8 

9 

56 

1 

1 

2 

3 

4 

4 

5 

6 

7 

7 

8 

58 

1 

1 

2 

3 

3 

4 

4 

5 

6 

6 

7 

60 

1 

1 

2 

2 

3 

3 

4 

4 

5 

6 

6 

62 

0 

+  1 

+  1 

+  2 

+  2 

+  3 

+  3 

+  4 

+  4 

+  5 

+  5 

64 

0 

1 

1 

2 

2 

2 

3 

4 

3 

4 

4 

66 

0 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

68 

0 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

70 

0 

0 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

2 

2 

72 

0 

0 

0 

0 

+  1 

+  1 

+  1 

+  1 

+  1 

+  1 

+  1 

74 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

76 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

78 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

80 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


140 


Table  53. 


DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 

Correction  for  Gravity  and  Weight  of  Mercury  :  z  (0.002640  cos  2  —  0.000007  cos2  2  <£>  +  0.00244). 


Latitude. 

<t> 

APPROXIMATE  DIFFERENCE  OF  HEIGHT  OBTAINED  FROM  TABLES  51 

-52. 

6000 

7000 

8000 

9000 

10000 

11000 

12000 

13000 

14000 

15000 

20000 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

0° 

+30 

+35 

+4i 

+46 

+  5i 

+56 

+61 

+66 

+  7i 

+  76 

+  101 

2 

30 

35 

40 

46 

5i 

56 

61 

66 

7i 

76 

IOI 

4 

30 

35 

40 

45 

50 

55 

61 

66 

7i 

76 

IOI 

6 

30 

35 

40 

45 

50 

55 

61 

66 

7i 

76 

100 

8 

30 

35 

40 

45 

50 

55 

60 

65 

7° 

75 

99 

10 

+  29 

+34 

+39 

+44 

+49 

+54 

+  59 

+64 

+69 

+  74 

+  98 

12 

29 

34 

39 

44 

48 

53 

58 

63 

68 

73 

97 

14 

29 

33 

38 

43 

48 

52 

57 

62 

67 

7i 

95 

16 

28 

33 

37 

42 

47 

5i 

56 

61 

65 

70 

93 

18 

27 

32 

37 

4i 

46 

50 

55 

59 

64 

68 

9i 

20 

+  27 

+3i 

+36 

+40 

+45 

+49 

+53 

+  58 

+62 

+67 

+  89 

22 

26 

30 

35 

39 

43 

48 

52 

56 

61 

65 

87 

24 

25 

29 

34 

38 

42 

46 

50 

55 

59 

63 

84 

26 

24 

28 

32 

37 

4i 

45 

49 

53 

57 

61 

81 

28 

23 

27 

3i 

35 

39 

43 

47 

5i 

55 

59 

78 

30 

+  23 

+  26 

+30 

+34 

+38 

+4i 

+45 

+49 

+53 

+56 

+  75 

32 

,  22 

25 

29 

32 

36 

40 

43 

47 

50 

54 

72 

34 

21 

24 

27 

3i 

34 

38 

4i 

44 

48 

53 

68 

36 

20 

23 

26 

29 

32 

36 

39 

42 

46 

49 

65 

38 

18 

22 

25 

28 

3i 

34 

37 

40 

43 

46 

61 

40 

+  17 

+  20 

+  23 

+  26 

+  29 

+32 

+35 

+38 

+41 

+43 

+  57 

42 

16 

19 

22 

24 

27 

30 

33 

35 

38 

4i 

54 

44 

15 

18 

20 

23 

25 

28 

30 

33 

35 

38 

50 

45 

+  15 

+  17 

+  19 

+  22 

+  24 

+  27 

+  29 

+32 

+34 

+37 

+  49 

46 

+  14 

+  16 

+  19 

+  21 

+  23 

+  26 

+  28 

+30 

+33 

+35 

+  46 

48 

13 

15 

17 

19 

22 

24 

26 

28 

30 

32 

43 

50 

12 

14 

16 

18 

20 

22 

24 

26 

28 

30 

40 

52 

+  11 

+  13 

+  14 

+  16 

+  18 

+  20 

+  22 

+  23 

+  25 

+  27 

+  36 

54 

10 

11 

13 

i5 

16 

18 

19 

21 

23 

24 

32 

56 

9 

10 

12 

13 

14 

16 

17 

19 

20 

22 

29 

58 

8 

9 

10 

11 

13 

14 

15 

17 

18 

19 

26 

60 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

16 

17 

22 

62 

+  6 

+  7 

+  8 

+  9 

+  10 

+  11 

+  11 

+  12 

+  13 

+  14 

+  19 

64 

5 

6 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

10 

11 

12 

16 

66 

4 

5 

5 

6 

7 

7 

8 

9 

9 

10 

13 

68 

3 

4 

4 

5 

5 

6 

6 

7 

7 

8 

11 

70 

2 

3 

3 

4 

4 

4 

5 

5 

6 

6 

8 

72 

+  2 

+  2 

+  2 

+  3 

+  3 

74 

+  1 

+  1 

+  2 

+  2 

+  2 

76 

+  1 

+  1 

+  1 

+  1 

+  1 

78 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

80 

0 

0 

0 

0 

—  1 

141 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 

Correction  for  an  Average  Degree  of  Humidity. 


|  Mean 
Temper¬ 
ature. 

approximate  difference  of  height  obtained  FROM  TABLES  51-J 

52 

500 

1000 

2000 

3000 

4000 

5000 

6000 

7000 

8000 

9000 

10000 

20000 

1 

F. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

-20° 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

+  1 

+  1 

+  1 

+  1 

+  2 

—  16 

O 

O 

O 

+  1 

+  1 

+  1 

+  1 

I 

2 

2 

2 

4 

r12 

O 

O 

+  1 

I 

1 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

6 

-  8 

O 

O 

I 

I 

2 

2 

3 

3 

4 

4 

4 

9 

I  -  6 

O 

O 

I 

I 

2 

2 

3 

3 

4 

4 

5 

10 

-  4 

O 

+  1 

I 

2 

2 

3 

3 

4 

4 

5 

6 

n 

—  2 

O 

I 

I 

2 

2 

3 

4 

4 

5 

6 

6 

12 

0 

O 

I 

I 

2 

3 

3 

4 

5 

5 

6 

7 

14 

+  2 

O 

I 

I 

2 

3 

4 

4 

5 

6 

7 

7 

15 

4 

O 

I 

2 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

7 

8 

16 

6 

O 

I 

2 

3 

4 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

18 

8 

O 

I 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

19 

10 

+  1 

I 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

21 

12 

I 

I 

2 

3 

4 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

n 

22 

14 

I 

I 

2 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

11 

12 

24  ! 

16 

I 

I 

3 

4 

5 

6 

8 

9 

10 

11 

13 

25  1 

18 

I 

I 

3 

4 

5 

7 

8 

9 

11 

12 

13 

27  1 

20 

I 

I 

3 

4 

6 

7 

9 

10 

11 

13 

14 

29 

22 

I 

2 

3 

5 

6 

8 

9 

11 

12 

14 

15 

31 

24 

I 

2 

3 

5 

7 

8 

10 

11 

13 

15 

16 

33 

25 

I 

2 

3 

5 

7 

9 

10 

12 

14 

16 

17 

35 

28 

I 

2 

4 

6 

7 

9 

11 

13 

15 

17 

19 

37 

30 

I 

2 

4 

6 

8 

10 

12 

14 

16 

18 

20 

41 

32 

I 

2 

4 

7 

9 

11 

13 

16 

18 

20 

22 

44 

34 

I 

2 

5 

7 

10 

12 

15 

17 

19 

22 

24 

49 

36 

I 

3 

5 

8 

11 

13 

16 

19 

21 

24 

27 

53 

33 

I 

3 

6 

9 

12 

15 

18 

21 

23 

26 

29 

59 

40 

2 

3 

6 

10 

13 

16 

19 

23 

26 

29 

32 

64 

42 

2 

4 

7 

11 

14 

18 

21 

25 

28 

32 

35 

71 

44 

2 

4 

8 

12 

15 

19 

23 

27 

3i 

35 

39 

77 

46 

2 

4 

8 

13 

17 

21 

25 

29 

34 

38 

42 

84 

48 

2 

5 

9 

14 

18 

23 

27 

32 

37 

4i 

46 

92 

50 

2 

5 

10 

15 

20 

25 

30 

35 

40 

45 

50 

99 

52 

3 

5 

11 

16 

21 

27 

32 

37 

43 

48 

53 

107 

54 

3 

6 

11 

17 

23 

29 

34 

40 

46 

5i 

57 

114 

56 

3 

6 

12 

18 

24 

30 

37 

43 

49 

55 

61 

122 

53 

3 

6 

13 

19 

26 

32 

39 

45 

52 

58 

65 

130 

60 

3 

7 

14 

21 

27 

34 

4i 

48 

55 

62 

69 

137 

62 

4 

7 

M 

22 

29 

36 

43 

5i 

58 

65 

72 

145 

64 

4 

8 

15 

23 

30 

38 

46 

53 

61 

69 

76 

152 

66 

4 

8 

16 

24 

32 

40 

48 

56 

64 

72 

80 

160 

6S 

4 

8 

17 

25 

34 

42 

50 

59 

67 

76 

84 

168 

70 

4 

9 

18 

26 

35 

44 

53 

61 

'  70 

79 

88 

175 

72 

5 

9 

18 

27 

37 

46 

55 

64 

73 

82 

9i 

183 

76 

5 

10 

20 

30 

40 

49 

59 

69 

79 

89 

99 

19S 

80 

5 

11 

21 

32 

43 

53 

64 

75 

85 

96 

106 

213 

84 

6 

11 

23 

34 

46 

57 

;  68 

80 

9i 

103 

114 

228 

88 

6 

12 

24 

37 

49 

61 

73 

85 

97 

no 

122 

243 

92 

6 

13 

26 

39 

52 

65 

78 

9i 

103 

116 

129 

259 

96 

7 

14 

27 

4i 

55 

68 

82 

96 

no 

123 

137 

274 

Smithsonian  Tasus, 


142 


Table  55, 


DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 

Z  (z  -4-  2  Jl  ^ 

Correction  for  the  Variation  of  Gravity  with  Altitude:  v "  ^ — — 


Approx¬ 

imate 

HEIGHT  OF  LOWER  STATION  IN  FEET  {hQ). 

difference 

cf 

height. 

0 

1000 

2000 

3000 

4000 

5000 

6000 

7000 

8000 

9000 

10000 

12000 

Z. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

500 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

+  1 

IOOO 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

+  1 

+  1 

+  1 

+  1 

+  1 

+  1 

I 

1500 

O 

O 

O 

+  1 

+  1 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2000 

O 

O 

+  1 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2500 

O 

+  1 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3000 

O 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

4 

35oo 

+  1 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

4 

4 

5 

4000 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

4 

4 

5 

5 

4500 

I 

I 

2 

2 

3 

3 

4 

4 

4 

5 

5 

6 

5000 

I 

2 

2 

3 

3 

4 

4 

5 

5 

6 

6 

7 

55oo 

I 

2 

3 

3 

4 

4 

5 

5 

6 

6 

7 

8 

6000 

2 

2 

3 

3 

4 

5 

5 

6 

6 

7 

7 

9 

6500 

2 

3 

3 

4 

5 

5 

6 

6 

7 

8 

8 

9 

7000 

2 

3 

4 

4 

5 

6 

6 

7 

8 

8 

9 

10 

7500 

3 

3 

4 

5 

6 

6 

7 

8 

8 

9 

10 

11 

8000 

3 

4 

5 

5 

6 

7 

8 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

8500 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

9000 

4 

5 

6 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

12 

14 

9500 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

13 

15 

10000 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

11 

12 

13 

14 

16 

1 1 000 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

18 

12000 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

21 

13000 

8 

9 

11 

12 

13 

14 

16 

17 

18 

19 

1  21 

23 

14000 

9 

11 

12 

13 

15 

16 

17 

19 

20 

21 

23 

25 

15000 

11 

12 

14 

15 

17 

18 

19 

21 

22 

24 

25 

28 

16000 

12 

14 

15 

17 

18 

20 

21 

23 

25 

26 

28 

3i 

17000 

14 

15 

17 

19 

20 

22 

24 

25 

27 

28 

30 

18000 

16 

17 

19 

21 

22 

24 

26 

28 

30 

3i 

19000 

17 

19 

21 

23 

25 

26 

28 

30 

32 

20000 

19 

21 

23 

25 

27 

29 

3i 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


143 


Table  56 


DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 


Values  of  18400  log  —q~' 


Barometric 

Pressure. 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

mm. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

300 

7428 

7401 

7375 

7348 

7322 

7296 

7270 

7244 

7218 

7192 

310 

7166 

7140 

7ii5 

7089 

7064 

7038 

7013 

6987 

6962 

6937 

320 

6912 

6887 

6862 

6838 

6813 

6789 

6764 

6740 

6715 

6691 

330 

6666 

6642 

6618 

6594 

6570 

6546 

6522 

6498 

6475 

6451 

340 

6428 

6405 

6381 

6358 

6334 

63II 

6288 

6265 

6242 

6219 

350 

6196 

6173 

6151 

6128 

6106 

6083 

6061 

6038 

6016 

5993 

360 

5971 

5949 

5927 

5905 

5883 

5861 

5839 

5817 

5795 

5773 

370 

5752 

573° 

5709 

5687 

5666 

5644 

5623 

5602 

558i 

556o 

380 

5539 

5518 

5497 

5476 

5455 

5434 

5414 

5393 

5373 

5352 

390 

5332 

53ii 

5291 

5270 

5250 

5229 

5209 

5189 

5169 

5149 

400 

5129 

5109 

5089 

5069 

5049 

5029 

5010 

4990 

4971 

495i 

410 

4932 

4912 

4893 

4873 

4854 

4834 

4815 

4796 

4777 

4758 

420 

4739 

4720 

4701 

4682 

4663 

4644 

4625 

4606 

4588 

4569 

430 

455i 

4532 

4514 

4495 

4477 

4458 

4440 

4422 

4404 

4386 

440 

4368 

4350 

4332 

4314 

4296 

4278 

4260 

4242 

4224 

4206 

450 

4188 

4170 

4152 

4134 

4117 

4099 

4082 

4064 

4047 

4029 

460 

4012 

3994 

3977 

3959 

3942 

3925 

3908 

3891 

3874 

3857 

•  470 

3840 

3823 

3806 

3789 

3772 

3755 

3738 

3721 

3705 

3688 

480 

3672 

3655 

3639 

3622 

3606 

3589 

3573 

3556 

3540 

3523 

490 

3507 

3490 

3474 

3458 

3442 

3426 

3410 

3394 

3378 

3362 

500 

3346 

3330 

3314 

3298 

3282 

3266 

3250 

3235 

3219 

3203 

5io 

3188 

3172 

3157 

3i4i 

3126 

3110 

3095 

3079 

3064 

3048 

520 

3033 

3017 

3002 

2986 

2971 

2955 

2940 

2925 

2910 

2895 

530 

2880 

2865 

2850 

2835 

2820 

2805 

2790 

2775 

2760 

2745 

540 

2731 

2716 

2701 

2687 

2672 

2657 

2643 

2628 

2613 

2599 

550 

2584 

2570 

2555 

2541 

2526 

2512 

2497 

2483 

2468 

2454 

560 

2440 

2426 

2411 

2397 

2383 

2369 

2355 

2341 

2327 

2313 

570 

2299 

2285 

2271 

2257 

2243 

2229 

2215 

2201 

2188 

2174 

580 

2160 

2146 

2133 

2119 

2105 

2092 

2078 

2064 

2051 

2037 

590 

2023 

2010 

1996 

1983 

1969 

1956 

1942 

1929 

1915 

1902 

600 

1889 

1875 

1862 

1848 

1835 

1822 

1809 

1796 

1783 

1770 

610 

1757 

1744 

1731 

1718 

1705 

1692 

1679 

1666 

1653 

1640 

620 

1627 

1614 

1601 

1588 

1576 

1563 

1550 

1537 

1525 

1512 

630 

1499 

i486 

1474 

1461 

1448 

1436 

1423 

1411 

1398 

1386 

640 

1373 

1361 

1348 

1336 

1323 

1311 

1298 

1286 

1273 

1261 

650 

1249 

1236 

1224 

1212 

1199 

1187 

ii75 

1163 

1151 

1139 

660 

1127 

1115 

1103 

1091 

1079 

1067 

1055 

1043 

1031 

1019 

670 

1007 

995 

983 

971 

960 

948 

936 

924 

9i3 

901 

680 

889 

877 

866 

854 

842 

831 

819 

807 

796 

784 

690 

772 

761 

749 

738 

726 

7i5 

703 

692 

680 

669 

700 

657 

646 

635 

623 

612 

601 

589 

578 

567 

555 

710 

544 

533 

521 

5io 

499 

487 

476 

465 

454 

443 

720 

432 

421 

410 

399 

388 

377 

366 

355 

344 

333 

730 

322 

3ii 

300 

289 

278 

267 

256 

245 

234 

224 

740 

213 

202 

192 

181 

170 

160 

149 

138 

128 

117 

750 

-f- 106 

+  95 

+  85 

+  74 

+  64 

+  53 

f  43 

-f  32 

+  22 

+  11 

760 

0 

—  10 

—  21 

-  3i 

-  42 

-  52 

-  63 

-  73 

-  83 

-  94 

770 

— 104 

-115 

-125 

-136 

— 146 

-156 

-166 

-177 

-187 

-197 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


144 


Table  57. 

DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

DYNAMIC  MEASURES. 


Values  of  18400  log  --^3— 

3 


Baro¬ 

metric 

Pressure 

O 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

mb. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

0 

00 

55306 

49767 

46527 

44228 

42445 

40988 

39756 

38689 

37748 

10 

36906 

36144 

35448 

34809 

34217 

33666 

33150 

32665 

32209 

31777 

20 

31367 

30977 

30605 

30250 

29910 

29584 

29270 

28969 

28678 

28397 

30 

28127 

27865 

27611 

27365 

27126 

26895 

26670 

26451 

26238 

26031 

40 

25828 

25630 

25438 

25250 

25066 

24887 

247 1 1 

24539 

24371 

24206 

50 

24043 

23886 

23731 

23579 

23430 

23283 

23139 

22998 

22859 

22722 

60 

22588 

22456 

22326 

22198 

22072 

21948 

21827 

21706 

21587 

21471 

70 

21356 

21242 

21131 

21021 

20912 

20805 

20699 

20594 

20491 

20389 

80 

20289 

20189 

20092 

19995 

19899 

19804 

19711 

19618 

19527 

19437 

90 

19348 

19259 

19172 

19086 

19000 

18916 

18832 

18749 

18667 

18586 

100 

18506 

18426 

18347 

18269 

18192 

18116 

18040 

17965 

17891 

17817 

no 

17744 

17672 

17600 

17529 

17459 

17389 

17320 

17251 

17183 

17115 

120 

17049 

16982 

16917 

16851 

16787 

16722 

16659 

16596 

16533 

16471 

130 

16409 

16348 

16287 

16227 

16167 

1 6 108 

16048 

15990 

15932 

15874 

140 

15817 

15760 

15703 

15647 

15592 

15536 

15482 

15427 

15373 

I53I9 

150 

15266 

15212 

15160 

15107 

15055 

15004 

14952 

14901 

14850 

14800 

160 

14750 

14700 

14650 

14601 

14553 

14504 

14456 

14408 

14360 

143 1 2 

170 

14265 

14218 

14172 

14125 

14079 

14034 

13988 

13943 

13898 

13853 

180 

13809 

13764 

13720 

13677 

13633 

13590 

13547 

13504 

13461 

I34I9 

190 

13377 

13335 

13293 

13251 

13210 

13169 

13128 

13087 

13047 

13007 

200 

12967 

12927 

12887 

12848 

12808 

12769 

12730 

12692 

12653 

12615 

210 

12577 

12539 

12501 

12463 

12426 

12389 

12352 

12315 

12278 

12242 

220 

12205 

12169 

12133 

12097 

12061 

12026 

1 1990 

II955 

11920 

11885 

230 

11850 

11815 

11781 

11746 

11712 

11678 

11644 

11610 

II577 

1 1543 

240 

11510 

11476 

1 1443 

1 1410 

11378 

1 1345 

11312 

11280 

11248 

11216 

250 

11184 

11152 

11120 

1 1088 

11057 

11025 

10994 

10963 

10932 

10901 

260 

10870 

10839 

10809 

10778 

10748 

10718 

10688 

10658 

10628 

10598 

270 

10569 

10539 

105 10 

10480 

10451 

10422 

10393 

10364 

10335 

10307 

280 

10278 

10249 

10221 

10193 

10165 

10137 

10108 

1008 1 

10053 

10025 

290 

9997 

9970 

9943 

9915 

9888 

9861 

9834 

9807 

978o 

9753 

300 

9727 

9700 

9674 

9647 

9621 

9594 

9568 

9542 

95i6 

949° 

3IQ 

9465 

9439 

9413 

9388 

9362 

9337 

93ii 

9286 

9261 

9236 

320 

9211 

9186 

9161 

9136 

9111 

9087 

9062 

9038 

9014 

8989 

330 

8965 

8941 

8917 

8893 

8869 

8845 

8821 

8797 

8773 

8750 

340 

8726 

8703 

8679 

8656 

8633 

8610 

8587 

8564 

8541 

8518 

350 

8495 

8472 

8449 

8427 

8404 

8381 

8359 

8336 

8314 

8292 

360 

8270 

8247 

8225 

8203 

8181 

8i59 

8138 

8116 

8094 

8073 

370 

8051 

8029 

8008 

7986 

7965 

7943 

7922 

7901 

7880 

7859 

380 

7838 

7817 

7796 

7775 

7754 

7733 

7712 

7692 

7671 

7651 

39° 

7630 

7610 

7589 

7569 

7548 

7528 

7508 

7488 

7468 

7448 

400 

7428 

7408 

7388 

7368 

7348 

7328 

7309 

7289 

7269 

7250 

410 

7230 

7211 

7191 

7172 

7153 

7133 

7114 

7095 

7076 

7057 

420 

7038 

7019 

7000 

6981 

6962 

6943 

6924 

6906 

6887 

6868 

430 

6850 

6831 

6813 

6794 

6776 

6757 

6739 

6721 

6703 

6684 

440 

6666 

6648 

6630 

6612 

6594 

6576 

6558 

6540 

6522 

6504 

450 

6487 

6469 

6451 

6433 

6416 

6398 

6381 

6363 

6346 

6328 

460 

6311 

6294 

6276 

6259 

6242 

6225 

6207 

6190 

6i73 

6156 

470 

6139 

6122 

6105 

6088 

6071 

6055 

6038 

6021 

6004 

5987 

480 

597i 

5954 

5937 

5921 

5904 

5888 

5871 

5855 

5839 

5822 

490 

5806 

5790 

5773 

5757 

574i 

5725 

5709 

5693 

5677 

5661 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


145 


Table  57 


DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

DYNAMIC  MEASURES. 


Values  of  18400  log  IO*3  - 
& 


Barometric 

Pressure 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

mb. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

500 

5645 

5629 

5613 

5597 

558i 

5565 

5549 

5533 

55i8 

5502 

5io 

5486 

5471 

5455 

5439 

5424 

5408 

5393 

5377 

5362 

5346 

520 

5331 

53i6 

5300 

5285 

5270 

5255 

5239 

5224 

5209 

5194 

530 

5179 

5164 

5149 

5134 

5ii9 

5104 

5089 

5074 

5059 

5044 

540 

5030 

5015 

5000 

4985 

4971 

4956 

4941 

4927 

4912 

4898 

550 

4883 

4868 

4854 

4839 

4825 

4811 

4796 

4782 

4768 

4753 

560 

4739 

4725 

4710 

4696 

4682 

4668 

4654 

4640 

4626 

4612 

570 

4598 

4583 

4569 

4556 

4542 

4528 

4514 

4500 

4486 

4472 

580 

4459 

4445 

443i 

4417 

4404 

4390 

4376 

4363 

4349 

4335 

5QO 

4322 

4308 

4295 

4281 

4268 

4254 

4241 

4228 

4214 

4201 

600 

4188 

4174 

4161 

4148 

4134 

4121 

4108 

4095 

4082 

4069 

610 

4056 

4042 

4029 

4016 

4003 

3990 

3977 

3964 

3951 

3939 

620 

3926 

3913 

3900 

3887 

3874 

3861 

3849 

3836 

3823 

3810 

630 

3798 

3785 

3772 

3760 

3747 

3735 

3722 

3709 

3697 

3684 

640 

3672 

3659 

3647 

3635 

3622 

3610 

3597 

3585 

3573 

356o 

650 

3548 

3536 

3523 

35ii 

3499 

3487 

3475 

3462 

3450 

3438 

660 

3426 

3414 

3402 

3390 

3378 

3366 

3354 

3342 

3330 

33 18 

670 

3306 

3294 

3282 

3270 

3258 

3246 

3235 

3223 

3211 

3199 

680 

3187 

3176 

3164 

3152 

3141 

3129 

3ii7 

3iq6 

3094 

3082 

690 

3071 

3059 

3048 

3036 

3025 

3013 

3002 

2990 

2979 

2967 

700 

2956 

2944 

2933 

2922 

2910 

2899 

2888 

2876 

2865 

2854 

710 

2842 

2831 

2820 

2809 

2798 

2786 

2775 

2764 

2753 

2742 

720 

2731 

2720 

2708 

2697 

2686 

2675 

2664 

2653 

2642 

2631 

730 

2621 

2609 

2599 

2588 

2577 

2566 

2555 

2544 

2533 

2523 

740 

2512 

2501 

2490 

2479 

2469 

2458 

2447 

2437 

2426 

2415 

750 

2405 

2394 

2383 

2373 

2362 

2351 

2341 

2330 

2320 

2309 

760 

2299 

2288 

2278 

2267 

2257 

2246 

2236 

2225 

2215 

2205 

770 

2194 

2184 

2173 

2163 

2153 

2142 

2132 

2122 

2112 

2101 

780 

2091 

2081 

2071 

2060 

2050 

2040 

2030 

2020 

2009 

1999 

790 

1989 

1979 

1969 

1959 

1949 

1939 

1929 

1919 

1909 

1899 

800 

1889 

1879 

1869 

1859 

1849 

1839 

1829 

1819 

1809 

1799 

810 

1789 

1780 

1770 

1760 

1750 

1740 

1731 

1721 

1711 

1701 

820 

1692 

1682 

1672 

1662 

1653 

1643 

1633 

1623 

1614 

1604 

830 

1595 

1585 

1575 

1566 

1556 

1547 

1537 

1527 

1518 

1508 

840 

1499 

1489 

1480 

1470 

1461 

1451 

1442 

1433 

1423 

1414 

850 

1404 

1395 

1386 

1376 

1367 

1357 

1348 

1339 

1329 

1320 

860 

1311 

1302 

1292 

1283 

1274 

1264 

1255 

1246 

1237 

1228 

870 

1218 

1209 

1200 

1191 

1182 

ii73 

1164 

ii54 

ii45 

1136 

880 

1127 

1118 

1109 

1100 

1091 

1082 

1073 

1064 

1055 

1046 

890 

1037 

1028 

1019 

IOIO 

1001 

992 

983 

974 

965 

956 

900 

948 

939 

930 

921 

912 

903 

894 

886 

877 

868 

910 

859 

850 

842 

833 

824 

815 

807 

798 

789 

781 

920 

772 

763 

755 

746 

737 

729 

720 

711 

703 

694 

930 

686 

677 

668 

660 

651 

643 

634 

626 

617 

608 

940 

600 

592 

583 

575 

566 

558 

549 

54i 

532 

524 

950 

516 

507 

499 

490 

482 

474 

465 

457 

448 

440 

960 

432 

424 

4i5 

407 

399 

390 

382 

374 

365 

357 

970 

349 

341 

332 

324 

316 

308 

300 

292 

283 

275 

980 

267 

259 

251 

243 

234 

226 

218 

210 

202 

194 

990 

186 

178 

17° 

162 

154 

146 

138 

130 

122 

114 

1000 

106 

98 

90 

82 

74 

66 

58 

50 

42 

34 

IOIO 

26 

18 

10 

2 

-  6 

-  13 

—  21 

-  29 

-  37 

-  45 

1020 

-  53 

—  61 

-  68 

-  76 

-  84 

-  92 

—  100 

-107 

-115 

—  123 

1030 

-131 

-138 

—  146 

-154 

—  162 

— 169 

-177 

-185 

—  192 

—  200 

1040 

—  208 

-215 

-223 

—  231 

-238 

—  246 

-254 

—  261 

—  269 

-277 

Smithson  1  an  Tables. 


I46 


Table  58. 

DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

Temperature  correction  factor,  a  =  .00367  6. 


Multiply  approximate  altitudes,  determined  from  table  56  or  57,  by  values  of  a  corresponding  to 
mean  temperature,  6,  of  air  column.  Add,  if  6  is  above  o°  C;  subtract,  if  below  o°  C. 


Mean 
Temp.  9 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

°c. 

a. 

a. 

a. 

a. 

a. 

a. 

a. 

a. 

a. 

a. 

0 

0.000 

0.000 

0.001 

0.001 

0.001 

0.002 

0.002 

0.003 

0.003 

0.003 

1 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.005 

.005 

.006 

.006 

.006 

.007 

.007 

2 

.007 

.008 

.008 

.008 

.009 

.OO9 

.OIO 

.OIO 

•OIO 

.Oil 

3 

.Oil 

.Oil 

.012 

.012 

.012 

.013 

.013 

.014 

.014 

.014 

4 

.015 

.015 

.015 

.Ol6 

.Ol6 

.017 

.017 

.017 

.018 

.018 

5 

.018 

.019 

.OI9 

.019 

.020 

.020 

.021 

.021 

.021 

.02  2 

6 

.02  2 

.022 

.023 

.023 

.023 

.024 

.024 

.025 

.025 

.025 

7 

.026 

.026 

.026 

.027 

.027 

.028 

.028 

.028 

.029 

.029 

8 

.029 

.030 

.030 

.030 

.031 

.031 

.032 

.032 

.032 

•033 

9 

•033 

•033 

•034 

•034 

•034 

•035 

.035 

.036 

.036 

.036 

10 

•037 

•037 

•037 

.038 

.038 

•039 

•039 

•039 

.040 

.040 

11 

.040 

.041 

.041 

.041 

.042 

.042 

•043 

•043 

•043 

.044 

12 

.044 

.044 

•045 

•045 

.046 

.046 

.046 

.047 

.047 

.047 

13 

.048 

.048 

.048 

.049 

.049 

.050 

.050 

.050 

.051 

.051 

14 

.051 

.052 

.052 

.052 

•053 

•053 

•054 

•054 

•054 

•055 

15 

•055 

•055 

.056 

.056 

•057 

•057 

•057 

.058 

.058 

.058 

16 

•059 

•059 

•059 

.060 

.060 

.061 

.o6l 

.061 

.062 

.062 

17 

.062 

.063 

.063 

.063 

.064 

.064 

.065 

.065 

.065 

.066 

18 

.066 

.066 

.067 

.067 

.068 

.068 

.068 

.069 

.069 

.069 

19 

.070 

.070 

.070 

.071 

.071 

.072 

.072 

.072 

•073 

•073 

20 

•073 

.074 

.074 

•075 

•075 

•075 

.076 

.076 

.076 

.077 

21 

.077 

.077 

.078 

.078 

.079 

.079 

.O79 

.080 

.080 

.080 

22 

•08l 

.081 

.081 

.082 

.082 

.083 

.083 

.083 

.084 

.084 

23 

.084 

.085 

.085 

.086 

.086 

.086 

.087 

.087 

.087 

.088 

24 

.088 

.088 

.089 

.089 

.090 

.090 

.O9O 

.09I 

.091 

.O9I 

25 

.092 

.O92 

.O92 

•093 

•093 

.O94 

.O94 

.094 

•095 

•095 

26 

•095 

.096 

.096 

.097 

.097 

.O97 

.098 

.098 

.098 

.O99 

27 

.O99 

.O99 

.IOO 

.IOO 

.IOI 

.IOI 

•  IOI 

.102 

.102 

.102 

28 

.103 

.103 

.103 

.104 

.104 

.105 

.105 

.105 

.106 

.I06 

29 

.IO6 

.107 

.107 

.108 

.108 

.108 

.IO9 

.109 

.109 

.IIO 

30 

.IIO 

.IIO 

.III 

.III 

.112 

.112 

.112 

•113 

•113 

•113 

3i 

.114 

.114 

•115 

•115 

•115 

•  Il6 

.Il6 

.Il6 

.117 

.117 

32 

.117 

.Il8 

.118 

.119 

.119 

.iig 

.120 

.120 

.120 

.121 

33 

.121 

.121 

.122 

.122 

.123 

.123 

.123 

.124 

.124 

.124 

34 

.125 

.125 

.126 

.126 

.126 

.127 

.127 

.127 

.128 

.128 

35 

.128 

.129 

.129 

.130 

.130 

.130 

•131 

•131 

•131 

.132 

36 

.132 

.132 

•133 

•I 33 

•134 

.134 

•134 

>135 

•135 

•135 

37 

.136 

.136 

•137 

.137 

•137 

.138 

.138 

a38 

•139 

<139 

38 

•139 

.140 

.140 

.141 

.141 

.141 

.142 

.142 

.142 

•143 

39 

•143 

.143 

.144 

.144 

.145 

•145 

•145 

.146 

.146  • 

.146 

40 

.147 

.147 

.148 

.148 

.148 

.149 

•149 

.149 

.150 

.150 

41 

.150 

•151 

•151 

.152 

.152 

.152 

•153 

•153 

•153 

•154 

42 

•154 

'  -155 

•155 

•155 

.156 

.156 

.156 

.157 

•157 

.157 

43 

.158 

.158 

•159 

•159 

.159 

.160 

.160 

.160 

.161 

,161 

44 

.l6l 

.162 

.162 

.163 

.163 

.163 

.164 

,164 

.164 

.165 

45 

.165 

.166 

.166 

.166 

.167 

.167 

.167 

.l68 

.168 

■  ■  ■ 

00 

0 

46 

.169 

.169 

.170 

.170 

.170 

.171 

.171 

.171 

.172 

,172 

47 

.172 

•173 

.173 

.174 

.174 

.174 

.175 

.175 

•I7S 

.176 

48 

.176 

.177 

.177 

.177 

.178 

.178 

.178 

.179 

.179 

.179 

49 

,l8o 

.180 

.181 

.181 

.l8l 

.182 

.182 

.182 

.183 

.183 

50 

.184 

.184 

.184 

.185 

.185 

.185 

H 

00 

On 

.186 

.186 

.187 

Smithsonian  Tables, 


147 


Table  59 


DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

Term  for  Temperature:  0.00367  0  X  z. 

For  temperatures  {  C.  values  are  to  be  {  “^facted. 


Approx¬ 
imate 
differ¬ 
ence  of 
height. 

Z. 

MKAN 

TEMPERATURE  OF  AIR  COLUMN  IN  CENTIGRADE  DEGREES  (0). 

1° 

2° 

3° 

4° 

5° 

6° 

7° 

8° 

9° 

10° 

ro 

O 

0 

30° 

0 

0 

"t 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

100 

O 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

4 

7 

II 

15 

200 

I 

I 

2 

3 

4 

4 

5 

6 

7 

7 

15 

22 

29 

300 

I 

2 

3 

4 

6 

7 

8 

9 

IO 

11 

22 

33 

44 

400 

I 

3 

4 

6 

7 

9 

IO 

12 

13 

15 

29 

44 

59 

500 

2 

4 

6 

7 

9 

11 

13 

15 

1 7 

18 

37 

55 

73 

600 

2 

4 

7 

9 

11 

13 

15 

18 

20 

22 

44 

66 

88 

700 

3 

5 

8 

IO 

13 

15 

18 

21 

23 

26 

5i 

77 

103 

800 

3 

6 

9 

12 

15 

18 

21 

23 

26 

29 

59 

88 

117 

900 

3 

7 

IO 

13 

17 

20 

23 

26 

30 

33 

66 

99 

132 

1000 

4 

7 

ii 

15 

18 

22 

26 

29 

33 

37 

73 

no 

147 

IIOO 

4 

8 

12 

16 

20 

24 

28 

32 

36 

40 

81 

121 

161 

1200 

4 

9 

13 

18 

22 

26 

3i 

35 

40 

44 

88 

132 

176 

1300 

5 

10 

14 

19 

24 

29 

33 

38 

43 

48 

95 

143 

191 

1400 

5 

10 

15 

21 

26 

3i 

36 

4i 

46 

5i 

103 

154 

206 

1500 

6 

11 

17 

22 

28 

33 

39 

44 

50 

55 

no 

165 

220 

1600 

6 

12 

18 

23 

29 

35 

4i 

47 

53 

59 

117 

176 

235 

1700 

6 

12 

19 

25 

3i 

37 

44 

50 

56 

62 

125 

187 

250 

1800 

7 

13 

20 

26 

33 

40 

46 

53 

59 

66 

132 

198 

264 

1900 

7 

14 

21 

28 

35 

42 

49 

56 

63 

70 

139 

209 

279 

2000 

7 

15 

22 

29 

37 

44 

5i 

59 

66 

73 

147 

220 

294 

2100 

8 

15 

23 

3i 

39 

46 

54 

62 

69 

77 

154 

231 

308 

2200 

8 

16 

24 

32 

40 

48 

57 

65 

73 

81 

161 

242 

323 

2300 

8 

1 7 

25 

34 

42 

5i 

59 

68 

76 

84 

169 

253 

338 

2400 

9 

18 

26 

35 

44 

53 

62 

70 

79 

88 

176 

264 

352 

2500 

9 

18 

28 

37 

46 

55 

64 

73 

83 

92 

184 

275 

367 

2600 

10 

19 

29 

38 

48 

57 

67 

76 

86 

95 

191 

286 

382 

2700 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

59 

69 

79 

89 

99 

198 

297 

396 

2800 

10 

21 

3i 

4i 

5i 

62 

72 

82 

92 

103 

206 

308 

411 

2900 

11 

21 

32 

43 

53 

64 

75 

85 

96 

106 

213 

3i9 

426 

3000 

11 

22 

33 

44 

55 

66 

77 

88 

99 

no 

220 

330 

440 

3100 

11 

23 

34 

46 

57 

68 

80 

9r 

102 

114 

228 

34i 

455 

3200 

12 

23 

35 

47 

59 

70 

82 

94 

106 

117 

235 

352 

470 

3300 

12 

24 

36 

48 

61 

73 

85 

97 

109 

121 

242 

363 

484 

3400 

12 

25 

37 

50 

62 

75 

87 

100 

112 

125 

250 

374 

499 

3500 

13 

26 

39 

5i 

64 

77 

90 

103 

116 

128 

257 

385 

5H 

3600 

13 

26 

40 

53 

66 

79 

92 

106 

119 

132 

264 

396 

528 

3700 

14 

27 

4i 

54 

6S 

81 

95 

109 

122 

136 

272 

407 

543 

3800 

14 

28 

42 

56 

70 

84 

98 

112 

126 

139 

279 

418 

558 

3900 

14 

29 

43 

57 

72 

86 

100 

115 

129 

M3 

286 

429 

573 

4000 

15 

29 

44 

59 

73 

88 

103 

117 

132 

147 

294 

440 

587 

5000 

18 

37 

55 

73 

92 

no 

128 

147 

165 

183 

367 

55i 

734 

6000 

22 

44 

66 

88 

no 

132 

154 

176 

198 

220 

440 

661 

881 

7000 

26 

51 

77 

103 

128 

154 

180 

206 

231 

257 

5H 

771 

1028 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


148 


Table  60. 

DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

Correction  for  Humidity:  Values  of  10000 /?. 


0  =  0.378 \  =  0-378 


Mean 

Vapor 

Pressure. 

ei+eo 

e  =  _2_ 

MEAN 

/B  +  B0\ 

BAROMETRIC  PRESSURE  IN  MILLIMETERS  l  - - -  ) 

500 

520 

540 

560 

580 

600 

620 

640 

660 

680 

700 

720 

740 

760 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

1 

8 

7 

7 

7 

7 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

5 

5 

5 

5 

2 

15 

15 

14 

14 

13 

13 

12 

12 

11 

11 

11 

11 

IO 

IO 

3 

23 

22 

21 

20 

20 

19 

18 

18 

17 

17 

16 

16 

15 

15 

4 

30 

29 

28 

27 

26 

25 

24 

24 

23 

22 

22 

21 

20 

20 

5 

38 

36 

35 

34 

33 

3i 

30 

30 

29 

28 

27 

26 

26 

25 

6 

45 

44 

42 

4i 

39 

38 

37 

35 

34 

33 

32 

32 

31 

30 

7 

53 

5i 

49 

47 

46 

44 

43 

4i 

40 

39 

38 

37 

36 

35 

8 

60 

58 

56 

54 

52 

50 

49 

47 

46 

44 

43 

42 

41 

40 

9 

68 

65 

63 

61 

59 

57 

55 

53 

52 

50 

49 

47 

46 

45 

10 

76 

73 

70 

68 

65 

63 

61 

59 

57 

56 

54 

53 

51 

50 

ii 

83 

80 

77 

74 

72 

69 

67 

65 

63 

61 

59 

58 

56 

55 

12 

9i 

87 

84 

81 

78 

76 

73 

7i 

69 

67 

65 

63 

6l 

60 

13 

98 

95 

9i 

88 

85 

82 

79 

77 

74 

72 

70 

68 

66 

65 

14 

106 

102 

98 

95 

9i 

88 

85 

83 

80 

78 

76 

74 

72 

70 

15 

113 

109 

105 

IOI 

98 

95 

9i 

89 

86 

83 

81 

79 

77 

75 

16 

121 

116 

112 

108 

104 

IOI 

98 

94 

92 

89 

86 

84 

82 

80 

17 

129 

124 

119 

115 

hi 

107 

104 

100 

97 

94 

92 

89 

87 

85 

18 

136 

131 

126 

122 

117 

113 

no 

106 

103 

100 

97 

95 

92 

90 

19 

144 

138 

133 

128 

124 

120 

116 

112 

109 

106 

103 

100 

97 

95 

20 

151 

J45 

140 

135 

130 

126 

122 

118 

1 15 

in 

108 

105 

102 

99 

21 

T59 

153 

147 

142 

137 

132 

128 

124 

120 

1 17 

113 

no 

107 

104 

22 

166 

160 

154 

149 

143 

139 

134 

130 

126  j 

122 

119 

116 

112 

io9 

23 

174 

167 

161 

155 

150 

145 

140 

136 

132 

128 

124 

121 

117 

114 

24 

181 

174 

168 

162 

156 

151 

146 

142 

137 

133 

130 

126 

123 

119 

25 

189 

182 

175 

169 

163 

157 

152 

148 

143 

139 

135 

131 

128 

124 

26 

197 

189 

182 

175 

169 

164 

159 

154 

149 

145 

140 

137 

133 

129 

27 

204 

196 

189 

182 

176 

170 

165 

159 

155 

I5° 

146 

142 

138 

134 

28 

212 

204 

196 

189 

182 

176 

171 

165 

160 

156 

151 

147 

143 

139 

29 

219 

211 

203 

196 

189 

183 

177 

171 

166 

161 

157 

152 

148 

144 

30 

227 

218 

210 

203 

196 

189 

183 

177 

172 

167 

162 

158 

153 

149 

3i 

234 

225 

217 

209 

202 

195 

189 

183 

178 

172 

167 

163 

158 

154 

32 

242 

233 

224 

216 

209 

202 

195 

189 

183 

178 

173 

168 

163 

159 

33 

249 

240 

231 

223 

215 

208 

201 

195 

189 

183 

178 

173 

169 

164 

34 

257 

247 

238 

230 

222 

214 

207 

201 

195 

189 

184 

179 

174 

169 

35 

265 

254 

245 

236 

228 

220 

213 

207 

200 

195 

189 

184 

179 

174 

36 

272 

262 

252 

243 

235 

227 

219 

213 

206 

200 

194 

189 

184 

179 

37 

280 

269 

259 

250 

241 

233 

226 

219 

212 

206 

200 

194 

189 

184 

38 

287 

276 

266 

257 

248 

239 

232 

224 

218 

211 

205 

200 

194 

189 

39 

295 

283 

273 

263 

254 

246 

238 

230 

223 

217 

211 

205 

199 

194 

40 

302 

291 

280 

270 

261 

252 

244 

236 

229 

222 

216 

210 

204 

199 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


149 


Table  60. 

DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

Correction  for  Humidity:  loooofixz. 


Top  argument:  Values  of  ioooo  ft  obtained  from  page 
Side  argument :  Approximate  difference  of  height  (z). 


Approximate 
Difference 
of  Height. 

Z. 

IOOOO  J3. 

25 

50 

75 

100 

125 

150 

175 

200 

225 

250 

275 

300 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

100 

o-3 

o-5 

0.8 

1.0 

i-3 

i-5 

1.8 

2.0 

2.3 

2-5 

2.8 

3-o 

200 

0.5 

1.0 

1.5 

2.0 

2-5 

3-o 

3-5 

4.0 

4.5 

5-0 

5.5 

6.0 

300 

0.8 

i-5 

2.3 

3-0 

3-8 

4-5 

5-3 

6.0 

6.8 

7-5 

8.3 

9-o 

400 

1.0 

2.0 

3-o 

4.0 

5-0 

6.0 

7.0 

8.0 

9.0 

10.0 

II. 0 

12.0 

500 

i-3 

2-5 

3.8 

5-o 

6.3 

7-5 

8.8 

10. 0 

IT*3 

12.5 

13.8 

15-0 

600 

i-5 

3-o 

4-5 

6.0 

7-5 

9.0 

10.5 

12.0 

13-5 

15.0 

16.5 

18.0 

700 

1.8 

3-5 

5-3 

7.0 

8.8 

10.5 

12.3 

14.0 

15.8 

17.5 

19.3 

21.0 

800 

2.0 

4.0 

6.0 

8.0 

10.0 

12.0 

14.0 

16.0 

18.0 

20.0 

22.0 

24.0 

900 

2.3 

4-5 

6.8 

9.0 

XI-3 

13-5 

15-8 

18.0 

20.3 

22.5 

24.8 

27.0 

1000 

2-5 

5-0 

7-5 

10. 0 

12.5 

15.0 

17.5 

20.0 

22.5 

25.0 

27.5 

30.0 

IIOO 

2.8 

5-5 

8*#3 

11. 0 

13.8 

16.5 

19-3 

22.0 

24.8 

27-5 

30.3 

33-0 

1200 

3-o 

6.0 

9.0 

12.0 

15.0 

18.0 

21.0 

24.0 

27.0 

30.0 

33-0 

36.0 

1300 

3-3 

6-5 

9.8 

13.0 

16.3 

19-5 

22.8 

26.0 

29*3 

32.5 

35.8 

39-o 

1400 

3-5 

7.0 

10.5 

14.0 

17.5 

21.0 

24-5 

28.0 

3i-5 

35-0 

38.5 

42.0 

1500 

3-8 

7-5 

ii.3 

15-0 

18.8 

22.5 

26.3 

30.0 

33-8 

37.5 

41.3 

45-o 

1600 

4.0 

8.0 

12.0 

16.0 

20.0 

24.0 

28.0 

32.0 

36.0 

40.0 

44.0 

48.0 

1700 

4-3 

8.5 

12.8 

17.0 

21.3 

25.5 

29.8 

34.0 

38.3 

42.5 

46.8 

51.0 

1800 

4-5 

9.0 

13-5 

18.0 

22.5 

27.0 

3i-5 

36.0 

40.5 

45-o 

49.5 

54-0 

1900 

4.8 

9-5 

14.3 

19.0 

23.8 

28.5 

33-3 

38.0 

42.8 

47-5 

52.3 

57-o 

2000 

5-o 

10. 0 

i5-o 

20.0 

25.0 

30.0 

35-o 

40.0 

45-o 

50.0 

55.0 

60.0 

2100 

5-3 

10.5 

15-8 

21.0 

26.3 

3i-5 

36.8 

42.0 

47-3 

52.5 

57.8 

63.0 

2200 

5-5 

11. 0 

16.5 

22.0 

27-5 

33-o 

38.5 

44.0 

49-5 

55-0 

60.5 

66.0 

2300 

5-8 

II-5 

17.3 

23.0 

28.8 

34-5 

40.3 

46.0 

51.8 

57-5 

63.3 

69.0 

2400 

6.0 

12.0 

18.0 

24.0 

30.0 

36.0 

42.0 

48.0 

54-o 

60.0 

66.0 

72.0 

2500 

6-3 

12.5 

18.8 

25.0 

3i-3 

37-5 

43-8 

50-0 

56.3 

62.5 

68.8 

75-0 

2600 

6.5 

13.0 

19-5 

26.0 

32.5 

39-o 

45-5 

52.0 

58.5 

65.0 

71-5 

78.0 

2700 

6.8 

13.5 

20.3 

27.0 

33-8 

40.5 

47.3 

54.o 

60.8 

67-5 

74-3 

81.0 

2800 

7.0 

14.0 

21.0 

28.0 

35-0 

42.0 

49.0 

56.0 

63.0 

70.0 

77.o 

84.0 

2900 

7-3 

14-5 

21.8 

29.0 

36.3 

43-5 

50-8 

58.0 

65-3 

72.5 

79-8 

87.0 

3000 

7-5 

15.0 

22.5 

30.0 

37-5 

45-o 

52.5 

60.0 

67.5 

75-0 

82.5 

90.0 

3100 

7-8 

15-5 

23-3 

31.0 

38.8 

46.5 

54-3 

62.0 

69.8 

77-5 

85.3 

93-o 

3200 

8.0 

16.0 

24.0 

32.0 

40.0 

48.0 

56.0 

64.0 

72.0 

80.0 

88.0 

96.0 

3300 

8-3 

16.5 

24.8 

33-o 

41.3 

49-5 

57-8 

66.0 

74-3 

82.5 

90.8 

99-0 

3400 

8-5 

17.0 

25-5 

34-0 

42.5 

5i-o 

59-5 

68.0 

76.5 

85.0 

93-5 

102.0 

3500 

8.8 

17.5 

26.3 

35-o 

43-8 

52.5 

61.3 

70.0 

78.8 

87.5 

96.3 

105.0 

3600 

9.0 

18.0 

27.0 

36.0 

45-0 

54-0 

63.0 

72.0 

81.0 

90.0 

99.0 

108.0 

3700 

9-3 

18.5 

27.8 

37-o 

46.3 

55.5 

64.8 

74.0 

83.3 

92.5 

101.8 

III.O 

3800 

9-5 

19.0 

28.5 

38.0 

47.5 

57-0 

66.5 

76.0 

85-5 

95-o 

104.5 

114.0 

3900 

9.8 

19-5 

29-3 

39-o 

48.8 

58.5 

68.3 

78.0 

87.8 

97-5 

107.3 

117.0 

4000 

10.0 

20.0 

30.0 

40.0 

50.0 

60.0 

70.0 

80.0 

90.0 

100.0 

IIO.O 

120.0 

5000 

12.5 

25.0 

37-5 

50.0 

62.5 

75-o 

87.5 

100.0 

112.5 

125.0 

137.5 

150.0 

6000 

15.0 

30.0 

45-o 

60.0 

75-0 

90.0 

105.0 

120  0 

i35.o 

150.0 

165.0 

180.0 

7000 

17-5 

35-o 

52.5 

70.0 

87.5 

105.0 

122.5 

140.0 

157.5 

175-0 

192.5 

210.0 

150 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


Table  61 


DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 


Correction  for  Humidity: 

Top  argument :  Values  of  e. 
Side  argument :  Values  of  b. 


Values  of  \ 

\o.c 


•00367/ 
Auxiliary  to  Table  58. 


Air 

VAPOR  pressure  mm. 

Pres- 

1 

sure. 

0.5 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

20 

30 

mm. 

°c. 

°c. 

°c. 

°c. 

°c. 

°c. 

°c. 

°c. 

°c. 

°c. 

°c. 

°c. 

°c. 

780 

0.0 

O.I 

O.I 

0.2 

0.3 

o-3 

0.4 

o-S 

0.5 

0.6 

0.7 

i-3 

2.0 

760 

.0 

.1 

.1 

.2 

•3 

•3 

•4 

•5 

•5 

.6 

•7 

1.4 

2.0 

740 

.0 

.1 

.1 

.2 

•3 

•4 

•4 

•5 

.6 

.6 

•7 

1.4 

2.1 

720 

.0 

.1 

.1 

.2 

•3 

•4 

4 

•5 

.6 

.6 

•7 

1.4 

2.1 

700 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.2 

•3 

•4 

•4 

•5 

.6 

•7 

•7 

i-5 

2.2 

680 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.2 

•3 

•4 

•4 

•5 

.6 

•7 

.8 

i-5 

660 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.2 

•3 

•4 

•5 

•5 

.6 

•7 

.8 

1.6 

640 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.2 

•3 

•4 

•5 

.6 

.6 

•7 

.8 

1.6 

620 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.2 

•3 

•4 

•5 

.6 

•7 

.8 

.8 

i-7 

600 

.0 

.1 

.2 

•3 

•3 

•4 

•5 

.6 

•7 

.8 

•9 

i-7 

580 

.0 

.1 

.2 

•3 

•4 

•4 

•5 

.6 

•7 

.8 

•9 

560 

.0 

.1 

.2 

•3 

•4 

•5 

.6 

.5 

•7 

.8 

•9 

540 

.0 

.1 

.2 

•3 

•4 

•5 

.6 

•7 

.8 

•9 

1.0 

520 

.0 

.1 

.2 

•3 

•4 

•5 

.6 

•7 

.8 

•9 

500 

.0 

.1 

.2 

•3 

•4 

•5 

.6 

•7 

.8 

•9 

480 

.1 

.1 

.2 

•3 

•4 

•5 

.6 

.8 

460 

.1 

.1 

.2 

•3 

•4 

.6 

•7 

.8 

440 

.1 

.1 

.2 

•4 

•5 

.6 

•7 

420 

.1 

.1 

.2 

•4 

•5 

.6 

•7 

400 

.1 

.1 

•3 

•4 

•5 

.6 

380 

.1 

.1 

•3 

•4 

•S 

360 

.1 

.1 

•3 

•4 

.6 

340 

.1 

.2 

•3 

•4 

320 

.1 

.2 

•3 

•5 

300 

.1 

.2 

•3 

280 

.1 

.2 

•4 

260 

.1 

.2 

•4 

240 

.1 

.2 

•4 

220 

.1 

.2 

200 

.1 

•3 

180 

.1 

•3 

160 

.2 

•3 

140 

.2 

•4 

120 

.2 

•4 

100 

•3 

•5 

80 

•3 

60 

•4 

40 

.6 

20 

i-3 

10 

2.6 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


Table  61 


DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

DYNAMIC  MEASURES. 


1  /°-37^  \ 

2  V0.00367/ 


Correction  for  Humidity:  Values  of  \  OQ^ 

Top  argument:  Values  of  e. 

Side  argument :  Values  of  b.  Auxiliary  to  Table  58. 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


152 


Table  62 


DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 


Correction  for  Gravity  and  Weight  of  Mercury  :  z  (0.002640  cos  2<f>  —  0.000007  cos2  2  <f>  +  0.00244). 


Approximate 
difference  of 
Height.  Z. 

LATITUDE  (0) 

0° 

5° 

10° 

15° 

0 

O 

25° 

CO 

O 

35 

O 

O 

I 

45° 

O 

O 

10 

0 

10 

10 

60 

65c 

70° 

01 

O 

Meters. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

100 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

!  0 

200 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

o 

0 

0 

3  00 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

400 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

o 

500 

3 

3 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

o 

600 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

2 

2 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

700 

4 

4 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

2 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

800 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

3 

3 

3 

2 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

° 

0 

900 

5 

5 

4 

4 

4 

4 

3 

3 

3 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

o 

0 

1000 

5 

5 

5 

5 

4 

4 

4 

3 

3 

2 

2 

2 

1 

1 

o 

0 

IIOO 

6 

6 

5 

5 

5 

5 

4 

4 

3 

3 

2 

2 

1 

1 

0 

0 

1200 

6 

6 

6 

6 

5 

5 

5 

4 

3 

3 

2  1 

2 

1 

1 

0 

0 

1300 

7 

7 

6 

6 

6 

5 

5 

4 

4 

3 

3  i 

2 

1 

1 

I 

0 

1400 

7 

7 

7 

7 

6 

6 

5 

5 

4 

3 

3 

2 

2 

1 

I 

0 

1500 

8 

8 

7 

7 

7 

6 

6 

5 

4 

4 

3 

2 

2 

1 

I 

0 

1600 

8 

8 

8 

8 

7 

7 

6 

5 

5 

4 

3 

2 

2 

1 

I 

0 

1700 

9 

9 

8 

8 

8 

7 

6 

6 

5 

4 

3 

3 

2 

1 

I 

0 

1800 

9 

9 

9 

8 

8 

7 

7 

6 

5 

4 

4 

3 

2 

1 

I 

0 

1900 

10 

10 

9 

9 

8 

8 

7 

6 

5 

5 

4 

3 

2 

1 

I 

0 

2000 

10 

10 

10 

9 

9 

8 

8 

7 

6 

5 

4 

3 

2 

1 

I 

0 

2100 

11 

11 

10 

10 

9 

9 

8 

7 

6 

5 

4 

3 

2 

2 

I 

0 

2200 

11 

11 

11 

10 

10 

9 

8 

7 

6 

5 

4 

3 

2 

2 

I 

0 

2300 

12 

12 

11 

11 

10 

9 

9 

8 

7 

6 

5 

4 

3 

2 

I 

0 

2400 

12 

12 

12 

11 

11 

10 

9 

8 

7 

6 

5 

4 

3 

2 

I 

0 

2500 

13 

13 

12 

12 

11 

10 

9 

8 

7 

6 

5 

4 

3 

2 

I 

0 

2600 

13 

13 

13 

12 

12 

11 

10 

9 

8 

6 

5 

4 

3 

2 

I 

0 

2700 

14 

14 

13 

13 

12 

11  ' 

10 

9 

8 

7 

5 

4 

3 

2 

I 

0 

2800 

14 

14 

14 

13 

12 

12 

11 

9 

8 

7 

6 

4 

3 

2 

I 

0 

2900 

15 

15 

14 

14 

13 

12 

11 

10 

8 

7 

6 

4 

3 

2 

I 

0 

3000 

15 

15 

15 

14 

13 

12 

11 

10 

9 

7 

6 

5 

3 

2 

I 

0 

3100 

16 

16 

15 

15 

14 

13 

12 

10 

9 

8 

6 

5 

3 

2 

I 

0 

3200 

16 

16 

16 

r5 

14 

13 

12 

11 

9 

8 

6 

5 

4 

2 

I 

0 

33oo 

17 

17 

16 

16 

15 

14 

12 

11 

10 

8 

7 

5 

4 

2 

I 

0 

3400 

17 

17 

17 

16 

15 

14 

13 

11 

10 

8 

7 

5 

4 

2 

I 

0 

3500 

18 

18 

17 

17 

16 

14 

13 

12 

10 

9 

7 

5 

4 

3 

I 

I 

3600 

18 

18 

18 

17 

16 

15 

14 

12 

10 

9 

7 

5 

4 

3 

I 

I 

3700 

19 

19 

18 

17 

16 

15 

14 

12 

11 

9 

7 

6 

4 

3 

2 

I 

3800 

*9 

19 

19 

18 

17 

16 

14 

13 

11 

9 

8 

6 

4 

3 

2 

I 

3900 

20 

20 

19 

18 

17 

16 

15 

13 

11 

9 

8 

6 

4 

3 

2 

I 

4000 

20 

20 

20 

19 

18 

17 

15 

13 

12 

10 

8 

6 

4 

3 

2 

I 

4500 

23 

23 

22 

21 

20 

19 

17 

15 

13 

11 

9 

7 

5 

3 

2 

I  1 

5000 

23 

25 

25 

24 

22 

21 

19 

17 

14 

12 

10 

8 

6 

4 

2 

I  1 

55oo 

28 

28 

27 

26 

24 

23 

21 

18 

16 

13 

11 

8 

6 

4 

2 

I 

6000 

30 

30 

29 

28 

27 

25 

23 

20 

17 

15 

12 

9 

7 

4 

2 

I 

6500 

33 

33 

32 

3i 

29 

27 

24 

22 

19 

16 

13 

10 

7 

5 

3 

I 

7000 

35 

35 

34 

33 

3i 

29 

26 

23 

20 

17 

14 

11 

& 

5 

3 

1  1 

Smithsonian  Tables, 


Table  63 


DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 


Correction  for  the  variation  of  gravity  with  altitude: 


z  (z  +  2  hQ) 
R 


Approxi¬ 

mate 

HEIGHT  OF  LOWER 

STATION  IN 

METERS  (ft0). 

of  height. 

Z. 

0 

200 

400 

600 

800 

1000 

1200 

1400 

1600 

1800 

2000 

2500 

3000 

4000 

meters. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

m. 

200 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

0 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

300 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

0 

O 

O 

O 

O 

0 

O 

O 

O 

400 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

I 

500 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

I 

I 

600 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

I 

I 

I 

700 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

0 

O 

O 

O 

O 

I 

I 

I 

I 

800 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

900 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

1000 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

I 

I 

I 

! 

I 

I 

I 

I 

IIOO 

O 

O 

O 

O 

O 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

1200 

O 

O 

O 

O 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

1300 

O 

O 

O 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

1400 

O 

O 

O 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

1500 

O 

O 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

1600 

O 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

1700 

O 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

3 

1800 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

1900 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

2000 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

2100 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

2200 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

4 

2300 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

4 

2400 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

4 

2500 

I 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

4 

2600 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

4 

4 

2700 

I 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

4 

5 

2800 

I 

I 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

4 

5 

2900 

I 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

4 

4 

5 

3000 

I 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

4 

4 

5 

3 100 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

4 

4 

5 

3200 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

4 

4 

5 

6 

33oo 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

4 

4 

4 

5 

6 

3400 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

4 

4 

4 

4 

5 

6 

3500 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

4 

4 

4 

5 

5 

6 

3600 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

4 

4 

4 

4 

5 

5 

7 

3700 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

5 

6 

7 

3800 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

4 

4 

4 

4 

5 

5 

6 

7 

39°° 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

4 

4 

4 

4 

5 

5 

5 

6 

7 

4000 

3 

3 

3 

3 

4 

4 

4 

4 

5 

5 

5 

6 

6 

8 

4500 

3 

3 

4 

4 

4 

5 

5 

5 

5 

6 

6 

7 

7 

9 

5000 

4 

4 

5 

5 

5 

5 

6 

6 

6 

7 

7 

8 

9 

10 

5500 

5 

5 

5 

6 

6 

6 

7 

7 

8 

8 

8 

9 

10 

12 

6000 

6 

6 

6 

7 

7 

8 

8 

8 

9 

9 

9 

10 

11 

13 

6500 

7 

7 

7 

8 

8 

9 

9 

9 

10 

10 

11 

12 

13 

15 

7000 

8 

8 

9 

9 

9 

10 

10 

11 

11 

12 

12 

13 

14 

16 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

154 


Table  64. 

DIFFERENCE  OF  HEIGHT  CORRESPONDING  TO  A  CHANGE  OF 
0.1  INCH  IN  THE  BAROMETER. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Baro¬ 

metric 

MEAN  TEMPERATURE  OF  THE  AIR  IN 

FAHRENHEIT  DEGREES. 

i 

1 

Pres¬ 

sure. 

CO 

0 

0 

35° 

0 

0 

45° 

50° 

55° 

60° 

65° 

0 

0 

75° 

CO 

0 

0 

0 

in 

00 

Inches 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

Feet. 

22.0 

II9.2 

120.5 

121.8 

123. 1 

124.4 

125.8 

127. 1 

128.5 

129.8 

I3I.2 

132.5 

133.9 

.2 

118.2 

H9.4 

120.7 

122.0 

123.3 

124.7 

126.0 

127.3 

128.7 

I30.O 

I3I-3 

132.7 

-4 

II7.I 

118.3 

II9.6 

120.9 

122.2 

123.6 

124.9 

126.2 

127.5 

128.8 

130.2 

I3I-5 

.6 

Il6.I 

H7-3 

Il8.6 

II9.8 

I2I.I 

122.5 

123.8 

125. 1 

126.4 

127.7 

129.O 

130.3 

.8 

II5.0 

116.3 

H7-5 

1 18. 8 

120. 1 

121.4 

122.7 

124.O 

125.3 

126.6 

127.9 

129.2 

23.0 

1 14.O 

II5-3 

116.5 

117.8 

II9.O 

120.3 

121.6 

122.9 

124.2 

125-5 

126.8 

128.1 

.2 

II3.1 

II4.3 

II5-5 

Il6.8 

I  iS.O 

1 19.3 

120.6 

121.8 

123.1 

124.4 

125.7 

127.O 

•4 

1 12. 1 

II3-3 

H4-5 

115.8 

117.0 

118.3 

119.5 

120.8 

122. 1 

123.3 

124.6 

125.9 

.6 

III. I 

112.3 

II3-5 

II4.8 

Il6.0 

II7-3 

118.5 

119.8 

121.0 

122.3 

123.5 

124.8 

.8 

I IO.  2 

hi. 4 

112.6 

II3.8 

II5.I 

116.3 

117.5 

118.8 

120.0 

121.3 

122.5 

123.8 

24.0 

IO9.3 

1 10. 5 

hi. 7 

II2.9 

1 14. 1 

H5-3 

116.5 

117.8 

119.0 

120.2 

I2I.5 

122.7 

.2 

I08.4 

109.5 

1 10.7 

hi. 9 

II3.I 

114.4 

115.6 

116.8 

II8.O 

1 19. 2 

120.5 

121.7 

•4 

107.5 

108.6 

109.8 

III.O 

1 12. 2 

II3-4 

114.6 

115.9 

I17.I 

118.3 

H9-5 

120.7 

.6 

106.6 

107.8 

108.9 

1 10. 1 

hi. 3 

II2.5 

II3-7 

H4.9 

1 16. 1 

117.3 

118.5 

119.7 

.8 

IO5.8 

106.9 

108. 1 

109.2 

110.4 

hi. 6 

112.8 

1 14.0 

II5.2 

116.4 

117.6 

118.8 

25.0 

IO4.9 

106.0 

107.2 

108.3 

109.5 

1 10. 7 

hi. 9 

II3.1 

II4.2 

II5-4 

116.6 

117.8 

.2 

IO4. 1 

105.2 

106.3 

107.5 

108.7 

109.8 

III.O 

1 12. 2 

H3-3 

114.5 

II5-7 

116.9 

•4 

103.3 

104.4 

105.5 

106.6 

107.8 

109.0 

IIO.  I 

hi. 3 

II2.4 

113.6 

114.8 

116.0 

.6 

102.5 

103.6 

104.7 

105.8 

107.0 

108. 1 

109.3 

1 10.4 

in. 6 

112.7 

II3-9 

115.1 

.8 

IOI.7 

102.8 

103.9 

105.0 

106. 1 

107.3 

108.4 

109.6 

1 10. 7 

in. 9 

113-0 

1 14. 2 

26.0 

IOO.9 

102.0 

103. 1 

104.2 

105.3 

106.4 

107.6 

108.7 

109.9 

III.O 

112.1 

i*3-3 

.2 

IOO.  I 

101.2 

102.3 

103.4 

104.5 

105.6 

106.8 

107.9 

109.0 

1 10. 1 

hi. 3 

112.4 

•4 

99-4 

100.4 

101.5 

102.6 

103.7 

104.8 

106.0 

107. 1 

108.2 

109.3 

1 10.4 

in. 6 

.6 

98.6 

99-7 

100.7 

101.8 

102.9 

104.0 

105.2 

106.3 

107.4 

108.5 

109.6 

110.7 

.8 

97-9 

98.9 

100.0 

IOI.I 

102.2 

103.3 

104.4 

105.5 

106.6 

107.7 

108.8 

109.9 

27.0 

97.1 

98.2 

99.2 

100.3 

101.4 

102.5 

103.6 

104.7 

105.8 

106.9 

108.0 

109. 1 

.2 

96.4 

97-5 

98.5 

99.6 

100.7 

101.8 

102.8 

103.9 

105.0 

106. 1 

107.2 

108.3 

•4 

95-7 

96.8 

97.8 

98.9 

99-9 

101.0 

102. 1 

103.2 

104.2 

105.3 

106.4 

107.5 

.6 

95-o 

96.1 

97.1 

98.1 

99.2 

100.3 

IOI.3 

102.4 

103.5 

104.6 

105.6 

106.7 

.8 

94-3 

95-4 

96.4 

97.4 

98.5 

99.6 

100.6 

101.7 

102.7 

103.8 

104.9 

105.9 

28.0 

93-7 

94.7 

95-7 

96.7 

97.8 

98.8 

99-9 

IOI.O 

102.0 

103. 1 

104. 1 

105.2 

.2 

93-o 

94.0 

95-0 

96.1 

97.1 

98.1 

99.2 

100.2 

101.3 

102.3 

103.4 

104.4 

-4 

92.4 

93.4 

94-4 

95.4 

96.4 

97-5 

98.5 

99-5 

100.6 

101.6 

102.7 

103.7 

.6 

9*-7 

92.7 

93-7 

94-7 

95*7 

96.8 

97-8 

98.8 

99-9 

100.9 

101.9 

103.0 

.8 

91.1 

92.1 

93-i 

94.1 

95-i 

96.1 

97.1 

98.2 

99.2 

100.2 

101.2 

102.3 

29.0 

90.4 

91.4 

92.4 

93-4 

94-4 

95-4 

96.5 

97-5 

98.5 

99-5 

100.5 

101.6 

.2 

89.8 

90.8 

91.8 

92.8 

93-8 

94-8 

95.8. 

96.8 

97.8 

98.8 

99.9 

100.9 

•4 

89.2 

90.2 

91-1 

92.1 

93.i 

94.1 

95.1 

96.I 

97.1 

98.2 

99.2 

100.2 

.6 

88.6 

89.6 

90.5 

9i-5 

92.5 

93-5 

94-5 

95-5 

96-5 

97-5 

98.5 

99-5 

.8 

88.0 

89.0 

89.9 

90.9 

91.9 

92.9 

93-9 

94-9 

95-8 

96.8 

97.8 

98.8 

30.0 

87.4 

88.4 

89.3 

90.3 

9i.3 

92.3 

93-2 

94.2 

95-2 

96.2 

97.2 

98.2 

.2 

86.8 

87.8 

88.7 

89.7 

90.7 

9*-7 

92.6 

93-6 

94.6 

95-6 

96.5 

97-5 

•  4 

86.3 

87.2 

88.2 

89.1 

90.1 

91. 1 

92.0 

93-o 

94.0 

94-9 

95-9 

96.9 

.6 

85.7 

86.7 

87.6 

88.5 

89.5 

90.5 

91.4 

92.4 

93-3 

94-3 

95-3 

96.2 

.8 

85.2 

86.1 

87.0 

88.0 

88.9 

89.9 

90.8 

91.8 

92.7 

93-7 

94-7 

95-6 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


155 


Table  65. 


DIFFERENCE  OF  HEIGHT  CORRESPONDING  TO  A  CHANGE  OF 
1  MILLIMETER  IN  THE  BAROMETER. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 


MEAN  TEMPERATURE  OF  THE 

AIR  IN 

CENTIGRADE  DEGREES. 

Barometric 

Pressure. 

-2° 

0° 

2° 

4° 

6° 

8° 

10° 

12° 

14° 

16° 

mm. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

760 

IO.48 

10.57 

IO.65 

10.73 

IO.81 

IO.89 

IO.98 

II.06 

II. 15 

H.23 

750 

10.62 

IO.71 

IO.79 

IO.87 

10.95 

II.04 

II. 13 

II. 21 

II.30 

11.38 

740 

IO.77 

IO.85 

IO.93 

11.02 

II. IO 

II. 19 

11.28 

II.36 

11.45 

n-54 

730 

IO.91 

II.  OO 

II.08 

II. 17 

II.26 

11.35 

11.43 

11.52 

II. 6l 

11.70 

720 

II.06 

II. 15 

II.24 

11.32 

II.42 

II. 51 

11.59 

11.68 

11.77 

11.86 

710 

11.22 

II. 31 

II.40 

11.48 

11.58 

II.67 

11-75 

11.85 

11-94 

12.03 

700 

II.38 

11.47 

II.56 

11.65 

11.74 

H.83 

11.92 

12.02 

12. II 

12.20 

690 

II.55 

II.63 

II.72 

11.82 

II. 91 

12.00 

12.09 

12.19 

12.28 

12.38 

680 

11.72 

II.80 

II.89 

11.99 

I2.o8 

12.18 

12.27 

12.37 

12.46 

12.56 

670 

II.89 

II.98 

12.07 

12.17 

12.26 

12.36 

12.46 

12-55 

12.65 

12.75 

660 

12.07 

I2.l6 

12.26 

12.35 

12.45 

12.55 

12.65 

12.74 

12.84 

12.94 

650 

12.26 

12.35 

12.45 

12.54 

12.64 

12-74 

12.84 

12.94 

I3.04 

I3-I4 

640 

12.45 

12-55 

12.64 

12.74 

12.84 

12-94 

13.04 

13.14 

I3.24 

13.35 

630 

12.65 

12-75 

12.84 

12.94 

13.04 

13.15 

13.25 

13.35 

13-45 

13-56 

620 

12.85 

12.96 

I3.05 

13.15 

13.25 

I3.36 

13.46 

13-57 

I3.67 

13.78 

610 

13.06 

I3.I7 

13.27 

13.37 

13-47 

13.58 

13.68 

13-79 

I3.89 

14.01 

600 

13.28 

13-39 

1349 

13.59 

13.70 

13.80 

13.91 

14.02 

14.13 

14.24 

590 

13.51 

13.62 

13.72 

13.82 

13-93 

14.03 

14.15 

14.26 

14-37 

14.48 

580 

13.74 

13.85 

13.96 

14.06 

14.17 

14.28 

14.39 

14.51 

14.62 

14-73 

570 

I3.98 

14.09 

14.20 

14.31 

1442 

14.53 

14.64 

14.76 

14.88 

14.99 

560 

I4.23 

14-34 

14-45 

14.57 

14.68 

14.79 

14.90 

15-02 

15.14 

15.25  ’ 

MEAN  TEMPERATURE  OF  THE  . 

AIR  IN 

CENTIGRADE  DEGREES. 

Barometric 

Pressure. 

18° 

20° 

22° 

24° 

26° 

28° 

30° 

32° 

34° 

36° 

mm. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

Meters. 

760 

II.32 

II. 41 

II.49 

H.58 

11.66 

11.75 

II.84 

II.92 

12.01 

12.10 

750 

11.47 

II.56 

II.64 

11-73 

11.82 

II. 91 

12.00 

12.08 

12.17 

12.26 

740 

II.63 

II.72 

II.80 

11.89 

11.98 

12.07 

12.16 

12.24 

12-33 

12.42 

730 

II.79 

11.88 

II.96 

12.05 

12.15 

12.23 

12.32 

12.41 

12.50 

12.59 

720 

n-95 

12.04 

12.13 

12.22 

12.32 

12.40 

12.49 

12.58 

12.68 

12.77 

710 

12.12 

12.21 

12.30 

I2.39 

12.49 

12.58 

12.67 

12.76 

12.86 

12.95 

700 

12.29 

12.39 

12.48 

12.57 

12.67 

12.76 

12.85 

12.94 

13.04 

13.13 

690 

12.47 

12.57 

12.66 

12-75 

12.85 

12.94 

13.04 

I3.I3 

13-23 

I3.32 

680 

12.66 

12-75 

12.85 

12.94 

13.04 

1313 

13.23 

13.32 

13.42 

I3.52 

670 

12.85 

I2.94 

13.04 

I3.I4 

13-23 

13.33 

13.43 

13.52 

13.62 

13.72 

660 

13.04 

13.14 

13.24 

13.34 

13.43 

13.53 

13.63 

13-73 

13.83 

13-93 

650 

13.24 

13-34 

1344 

13-54 

13.64 

13.74 

13.84 

13.94 

14.04 

14.15 

640 

13-45 

13.55 

13-65 

*  13.75 

13.85 

13.96 

14.06 

14-15 

14.26 

14.37 

630 

13.66 

13.76 

13-87 

13.97 

14.07 

14.18 

14.28 

14.38 

14.49 

14.60 

620 

13.88 

I3.98 

14.09 

14.20 

14.30 

14  41 

14.51 

14.62 

14.72 

14.83 

610 

14. 1 1 

14.21 

14.32 

1443 

14-54 

14.64 

14.75 

14.86 

14.96 

15-07 

600 

14.35 

1445 

14.56 

14.67 

14.78 

14.89 

15.00 

15.11 

15.21 

I5.32 

590 

14-59 

14.70 

14.81 

14.92 

15.03 

15.14 

15.25 

15.36 

15  47 

15.59 

580 

14.84 

14.95 

15-07 

15-17 

15.29 

•  I5.40 

15.52 

15.63 

15.74 

15.86 

570 

15-10 

15-21 

15.33 

15.44 

15-56 

15.67 

15.79 

15.91 

16.02 

16.14 

560 

15-37 

15.48 

15.60 

15.72 

15.84 

15-95 

16.07 

16.19 

16.30 

16.42 

....  f 

Smithsonian  Table*. 


Table  66. 


DETERMINATION  OF  HEIGHTS  BY  THE  BAROMETER. 

Formula  of  Babinet. 

Z-CBa+B 

C  (in  feet)  =52494  j^i  +^°^QQ  —English  Measures. 

C  (in  metres)  =  16000  £1  -f- 2 ~J  —Metric  Measures. 

In  which  Z  =  Difference  of  height  of  two  stations  in  feet  or  metres. 

B0,B  =  Barometric  readings  at  the  lower  and  upper  stations  respectively, 
corrected  for  all  sources  of  instrumental  error. 
tQ,  t  —  Air  temperatures  at  the  lower  and  upper  stations  respectively. 

Values  of  C. 


ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


METRIC  MEASURES. 


^(to  +  t). 

log  C. 

C. 

F. 

Feet. 

10° 

4.69834 

49928 

15 

.70339 

505 1 1 

20 

.70837 

51094 

25 

.71330 

51677 

3° 

.71818 

52261 

35 

4.72300 

52344 

40 

.72777 

53428 

45 

•73248 

5401 1 

50 

.73715 

54595 

55 

.74177 

55178 

60 

4.74633 

55761 

65 

.75085 

56344 

70 

.75532 

56927 

75 

•75975 

575H 

80 

.76413 

58094 

85 

4.76847 

58677 

90 

.77276 

59260 

95 

.77702 

59344 

100 

.78123 

60427 

'A  («o  +  t). 

log  C. 

C. 

C. 

Metres. 

-10° 

4.18639 

15360 

-8 

.19000 

15488 

-6 

•19357 

15616 

-4 

.19712 

15744 

—  2 

.20063 

15872 

0 

4.20412 

16000 

+  2 

.20758 

16128 

4 

.21101 

16256 

6 

.21442 

16384 

8 

.21780 

16512 

10 

4.22115 

16640 

12 

.22448 

16768 

14 

.22778 

16896 

16 

.23106 

17024 

18 

.23431 

17152 

20 

4.23754 

17280 

22 

.24075 

17408 

24 

.24393 

17536 

26 

.24709 

17664 

28 

.25022 

17792 

30 

4.25334 

T7920 

32 

.25643 

18048 

34 

.25950 

18176 

36 

.26255 

18304 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


157 


Table  67. 

BAROMETRIC  PRESSURES  CORRESPONDING  TO  THE  TEMPERATURE 
OF  THE  BOILING  POINT  OF  WATER. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Tempera¬ 

ture. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

185° 

17-075 

17.112 

17.150 

17.187 

17.224 

17.262 

17.300 

17-337 

17-375 

17413 

186 

17450 

17.488 

17.526 

17-564 

17.602 

17.641 

17.679 

17.717 

17.756 

17-794 

187 

17.832 

17.871 

17.910 

17.948 

17.987 

18.026 

18.065 

18.104 

18.143 

18.182 

188 

18.221 

18.261 

18.300 

18.340 

i8.379 

18.419 

18.458 

18.498 

18.538 

18.578 

189 

18.618 

18.658 

18.698 

18.738 

18.778 

18.818 

18.859 

18.899 

18.940 

18.980 

190 

19.021 

19.062 

19.102 

19-143 

19.184 

19.225 

19.266 

19.308 

19-349 

19.390 

191 

1943 1 

19473 

19.514 

I9.556 

19.598 

19.639 

19.681 

19.723 

19-765 

19.807 

192 

19.849 

19.892 

19.934 

19.976 

20.019 

20.061 

20.104 

20.146 

20.189 

20.232 

193 

20.275 

20.318 

20.361 

20.404 

20.447 

20.490 

20.533 

20.577 

20.620 

20.664 

194 

20.707 

20.751 

20.795 

20.839 

20.883 

20.927 

20.971 

21.015 

21.059 

21.103 

195 

21.148 

21.192 

21.237 

21.282 

21.326 

21.371 

21.416 

(  21.461 

21.506 

21-551 

196 

21-597 

21.642 

21.687 

21-733 

21.778 

21.824 

21.870 

'  21.915 

21.961 

22.007 

197 

22.053 

22.099 

22.145 

22.192 

22.238 

22.284 

22.331 

22.377 

22.424 

22.471 

198 

22.517 

22.564 

22.611 

22.658 

22.706 

22.753 

22.800 

22.847 

22.895 

22.942 

199 

22.990 

23.038 

23.085 

23.133 

23.181 

23.229 

23.277 

23.325 

23.374 

23.422 

200 

23470 

23.519 

23.568 

23.616 

23.665 

23-714 

23.763 

23.812 

23.861 

23.910 

201 

23.959 

24.009 

24.058 

24.108 

24.157 

24.207 

24.257 

24.307 

24-357 

24.407 

202 

24457 

24.507 

24-557 

24.608 

24.658 

24.709 

24.759 

24.810 

24.861 

24.912 

203 

24.963 

25.014 

25.065 

25.116 

25.168 

25.219 

25.271 

25.322 

25-374 

25.426 

204 

25.478 

25.530 

25-582 

25-634 

25.686 

25-738 

25791 

25.843 

25.896 

25.948 

205 

26.001 

26.054 

26.107 

26.160 

26.213 

26.266 

26.319 

26.373 

26.426 

26.480 

206 

26.534 

26.587 

26.641 

26.695 

26.749 

26.803 

26.857 

26.912 

26.966 

27.021 

207 

27.075 

27.130 

27.184 

27.239 

27.294 

27-349 

27.404 

27.460 

27-515 

27.570 

208 

27.626 

27.681 

27.737 

27.793 

27.848 

27.904 

27.960 

28.016 

28.073 

28.129 

209 

28.185 

28.242 

28.298 

28.355 

28.412 

28.469 

28.526 

28.583 

28.640 

28.697 

210 

28.754 

28.812 

28.869 

28.927 

28.985 

29.042 

29.100 

29.158 

29.216 

29.275 

211 

29.333 

29.391 

29.450 

29.508 

29.567 

29.626 

29.685 

29T44 

29.803 

29.862 

212 

29.921 

29.981 

30.040 

30.100 

30.159 

30.219 

30.279 

30.339 

30.399 

30.459 

213 

30.519 

30.580 

30.640 

30.701 

30.761 

30.822 

30.883 

30.944 

31-005 

31.066 

214 

31.127 

3I.I99 

31.250 

31-311 

31-373 

31-435 

31.497 

31.559 

31.621 

31-683 

Table  68.  METRIC  MEASURES. 


Tempera- 

ture. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

,6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

80° 

355-40 

356.84 

358.28 

359-73 

361.19 

362.65 

364.11 

365-58 

367.06 

368.54 

81 

370.03 

37I.52 

373-01 

374-51 

376.02 

377-53 

379-05 

380.57 

382.09 

383.62 

82 

385.16 

386.70 

388.25 

389.80 

39I.36 

392.92 

39449 

396.06 

397.64 

399.22 

83 

400.81 

402.40 

404.00 

405.61 

407.22 

408.83 

410.45 

412.08 

4I3.7I 

415.35 

84 

416.99 

418.64 

420.29 

421.95 

423.61 

425.28 

426.95 

428.64 

430.32 

432.01 

85 

433-71 

435-41 

437-12 

438.83 

440.55 

442.28 

444.01 

445-75 

447.49 

449.24 

86 

450.99 

452.75 

454-51 

456.28 

458.06 

459.84 

461.63 

463.42 

465.22 

467.03 

87 

468.84 

470.66 

472.48 

474.31 

476.14 

477-99 

479.83 

481.68 

483.54 

485.41 

88 

487.28 

489.16 

491.04 

492.93 

494.82 

496.72 

498.63 

500.54 

502.46 

504.39 

89 

506.32 

508.26 

510.20 

512.15 

514-11 

516.07 

518.04 

520.01 

521.99 

523.98 

90 

525.97 

527.97 

529.98 

531-99 

534.oi 

536.04 

538.07 

540.11 

542.15 

544.21 

9i 

546.26 

548.33 

550.40 

55248 

554.56 

556.65 

558.75 

560.85 

562.96 

565.08 

92 

567.20 

569.33 

571-47 

573-61 

575-76 

577-92 

580.08 

582.25 

58443 

586.61 

93 

588.80 

591.00 

593-20 

59541 

597.63 

599.86 

602.09 

604.33 

606.57 

608.82 

94 

611.08 

6i3.35 

615.62 

617.90 

620.19 

622.48 

624.79 

627.09 

629.41 

63I.73 

95 

634.06 

636.40 

638.74 

641.09 

64345 

645.82 

648.19 

650.57 

652.96 

655-35 

96 

65775 

660.16 

662.58 

665.00 

667.43 

669.87 

672.32 

674.77 

677.23 

679.70 

97 

682.18 

684.66 

687.15 

689.65 

692.15 

694.67 

697.19 

699.71 

702.25 

704.79 

98 

707.35 

709.90 

712.47 

715.04 

717.63 

720.22 

722.81 

72542 

728.03 

730.65 

99 

733-28 

735-92 

738.56 

741.21 

743.87 

746.54 

749.22 

75I.90 

754-59 

757.29 

100 

760.00 

762.72 

76544 

768.17 

770.91 

773.66 

77642 

779.18 

78i.95 

784.73 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


HYGROMETRICAL  TABLES. 


Pressure  of  aqueous  vapor  over  ice  —  English  measures  .  .  . 

Pressure  of  aqueous  vapor  over  water  —  English  measures  .  . 

Pressure  of  aqueous  vapor  over  ice  —  Metric  measures  .  ;  . 

Pressure  of  aqueous  vapor  over  water  —  Metric  measures  .  . 

Weight  of  a  cubic  foot  of  saturated  vapor  —  English  measures 
Weight  of  a  cubic  meter  of  saturated  vapor  —  Metric  measures 


Table  69 
Table  70 
Table  71 
Table  72 
Table  73 
Table  74 


Table  69, 


PRESSURE  OF  AQUEOUS  VAPOR  OVER  ICE 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Tempera¬ 

ture. 

Vapor 

Pressure. 

Tempera¬ 

ture. 

Vapor 

Pressure. 

Tempera¬ 

ture. 

Vapor 

Pressure. 

Tempera¬ 

ture. 

Vapor 

Pressure. 

Tempera¬ 

ture. 

Vapor 

Pressure. 

F. 

Inches. 

F. 

Inches. 

F. 

Inches. 

F. 

Inches. 

F. 

Inches. 

-60° 

0. 00099 

-45° 

0. 00275 

-30° 

0. 00705 

-15  0° 

0. 01690 

-75° 

0.02556 

59 

. 00107 

44 

. 00294 

29 

. 00749 

14- 5 

.01738 

7-o 

.02626 

5« 

.00114 

43 

.00313 

28 

.00795 

14.0 

.01787 

6-5 

. 02698 

57 

. 00123 

42 

•00334 

27 

.00844 

13-5 

.01838 

6.0 

.02771 

56 

.00131 

4i 

.00356 

26 

. 00896 

13.0 

.01890 

5-5 

.02847 

-55 

. 00141 

-40 

.00379 

-25 

.00951 

—  12  5 

.01943 

-5  0 

.02924 

54 

.00151 

39 

. 00404 

24 

.01008 

12.0 

.01998 

4-5 

•  03003 

53 

. 00161 

38 

.00431 

23 

. 01069 

11. 5 

.02054 

4.0 

. 03084 

52 

.00173 

37 

. 00458 

22 

.01133 

11. 0 

.02111 

3-5 

. 03168 

5i 

.00185 

36 

. 00488 

21 

.01201 

10.5 

.02170 

3-o 

•03253 

-50 

. 00198 

-35 

.00519 

-20 

.01272 

-10. 0 

.02230 

-2  5 

•  03340 

49 

. 00211 

34 

.00552 

19 

•01347 

9-5 

.02292 

2.0 

. 03429 

48 

.00226 

33 

. 00588 

18 

.01426 

9.0 

.02356 

i-5 

.03520 

47 

.00241 

32 

.00625 

17 

.01510 

8-5 

.02421 

1. 0 

.03614 

46 

.00258 

3i 

. 00664 

16 

•01598 

8.0 

.02487 

0.5 

.03710 

Tem- 

perat. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

oc 

0. 03809 

0. 03829 

0.03849 

0.03869, 

0. 03890 

0. 03910 

0.03930 

0.03951 

0.03971 

0.03992 

1 

•04013 

•  04034 

•04055 

. 04076 

•  04097 

.04118 

. 04140 

.04161 

.04183 

.04204 

2 

.04226 

.  04248 

.04270 

.04292 

•04314 

•04337 

•04359 

.04382 

. 04404 

.04427 

3 

. 04450 

•  04473 

. 04496 

•04519 

•  04543 

.04566 

•  04590 

.04613 

•04637 

.04661 

4 

. 04685 

•04709 

•  04733 

•04758 

. 04782 

. 04807 

.04831 

•  04856 

.04881 

. 04906 

5 

•04931 

•  04956 

. 04982 

•  05007 

•  05033 

•  05058 

•  05084 

05110 

•05136 

.05162 

6 

.05189 

•05215 

.05242 

.05269 

.05296 

.05322 

•05350 

•05377 

•  05404 

•05431 

7 

•  05459 

•  05487 

•05514 

•  05542 

•05570 

•05598 

.05627 

•05655 

•05684 

•05712 

8 

•05741 

■05770 

•05799 

.05828 

•05858 

.05887 

•05917 

•  05947 

•05977 

. 06007 

9 

.06037 

. 06067 

. 06098 

.06128 

.06159 

.06190 

.06221 

.06252 

.06283 

.06315 

10 

. 06346 

•06378 

.06410 

.06442 

•  06474 

•  06507 

•  06539 

•06572 

. 06605 

. 06638 

11 

.06670 

.06703 

•06737 

.06770 

. 06804 

. 06838 

.06872 

. 06906 

. 06940 

•06975 

12 

. 07009 

.07044 

. 07079 

.07114] 

•07149 

. 07184 

.07220 

.07256 

. 07292 

.07328 

13 

•07363 

•07399 

•  07436 

•07472 

•  07509 

•07546 

.07583 

. 07621 

•07658 

.07696 

14 

•07733 

•07771 

.07809 

. 07848 

.07886 

•07925 

•  07964 

.08003 

.0804 2 j 

.08082 

15 

.08121 

.08161 

.08201 

.08241 

. 08281 

.08321 

. 08362 

. 08402 

.08443 

. 08484 

16 

•08525 

. 08566 

. 08608 

.08650 

j  . 08692 

.08734 

•08777 

. 08819 

.  08862] 

. 08905 

17 

.08948 

.08991 

•09035 

.09079 

•09123 

.09167 

. 09211 

•09255 

.09300 

•09345 

18 

•  09390 

•09435 

.09481 

.09526 

.09572 

.09618 

.09664 

.09711 

•09757 

. 09804 

19 

.09851 

. 09898 

•09946 

•  09994 

. 10042 

. 10090 

•  10138 

. 10186 

•  10235 

. 10284 

20 

•10333 

.10383 

.10432 

. 10482 

•  10532 

. 10582 

•  10633 

. 10683 

•  10734 

•  10785 

21 

. 10836 

. 10888 

. 10940 

. 10992 

.11044 

. 11096 

. 11149 

. 11202 

•II255 

. 11308 

22 

.11361 

.11415 

. 11469 

•11523 

•11578 

.11632 

. 11687 

.11742 

.11798 

•11853 

23 

. 1 1909 

•  11965 

. 12022 

. 12078 

•  12135 

. 12192 

. 12250 

•  12307 

.12365 

.12423 

24 

. 12481 

.12540 

.12598 

. 12657 

. 12717 

. 12776 

. 12836 

. 12896 

.12956 

•  13017 

25 

•  13077 

•13138 

. 13200 

. 13261 

•  13323 

•13385 

•  13447 

•i35io 

•13573 

•  13636 

26 

•  13699 

•13763 

.13827 

•  13891 

•  13956 

. 14021 

. 14086 

•14151 

. 14216 

1  ? 14282 

27 

•  14348 

• I44I5 

. 14481 

•  14548 

. 14616 

•  14683 

.14751 

. 14819 

. 14887 

•14956 

28 

. 15024 

•15093 

•15163 

•15233 

•  15303 

•15374 

•  15444 

.15515 

. 15586 

•  15658 

29 

.15729 

•  15801 

•15874 

•  15947 

. 16020 

•  16093 

. 16167 

. 16241 

16315 

•  16389 

30 

•  16463 

.16538 

. 16614 

. 16690 

. 16766 

. 16842 

. 16919 

. 16996 

•17073 

.17150 

3i 

. 17228 

•  17306 

.17386 

. 17466 

•  17546 

. 17626 

.17707 

. 17788 

. 17869 

j  -17950 

32 

. 18032 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

160 


PRESSURE  OF  AQUEOUS  VAPOR  OVER  WATER 
ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Table  70, 


I  Tempera¬ 
ture. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

32° 

0.1803 

0.1810 

0.1818 

0.1825 

0.1833 

0.1840 

0.1847 

0.1855 

0.1862 

0.1870 

33 

.1877 

.1885 

.1893 

.1900 

.1908 

•1915 

.1923 

•1931 

•1939 

.1946 

34 

•1954 

.1962 

.1970 

.1978 

.1986 

.1994 

.2002 

.2010 

.2018 

.2026 

| 

35 

.2034 

.2042 

.2050 

.2059 

.2067 

•2075 

.2083 

.2091 

.2100 

.2108 

36 

.2117 

.2125 

.2133 

.2142 

.2150 

•2159 

.2168 

.2176 

.2185 

.2193 

37 

.2202 

.2211 

.2220 

.2228 

.2237 

.2246 

•2255 

.2264 

.2273 

.2282 

38 

.2291 

.2300 

.2309 

.2318 

.2327 

.2336 

•2345 

•2355 

.2364 

•2373 

39 

.2382 

.2392 

.2401 

.2410 

.2420 

.2429 

•2439 

.2448 

.2458 

.2467 

40 

.2477 

.2487 

.2496 

.2506 

.2516 

.2526 

•2536 

•2545 

•2555 

•2565 

4i 

•2575 

•2585 

•2595 

.2606 

.2616 

.2626 

.2636 

.2646 

.2656 

.2667 

42 

.2677 

.2687 

.2698 

.2708 

.2719 

.2729 

.2740 

.2750 

.2761 

.2771 

43 

.2782 

•2793 

.2804 

.2814 

.2825 

.2836 

.2847 

.2858 

.2869 

.2880 

44 

.2891 

.2902 

.2913 

.2924 

•2935 

.2946 

•  2958 

.2969 

.2981 

.2992 

45 

.3003 

.3014 

.3026 

•3037 

.3049 

•3061 

.3073 

.3084 

.3096 

.3108 

46 

.3120 

•3132 

•3144 

•3156 

.3167 

•3179 

•3191 

.3203 

.3216 

.3228 

47 

.3240 

•3252 

•3265 

•3277 

.3289 

•3301 

•3314 

.3326 

•3339 

•3352  ! 

48 

•3365 

•3377 

•3390 

.3402 

•3415 

.3428 

•344i 

•3454 

•3467 

.3480 

49 

•3493 

•35o6 

•3519 

•3532 

•3546 

•3559 

•3572 

•3585 

•3599 

.3612 

50 

.3626 

•3639 

•3653 

.3666 

.3680 

•3694 

•3708 

.3722 

•3736 

•3749 

5i 

•3763 

•3777 

•3791 

•3805 

.3820 

•3834 

•3848 

.3862 

.3876 

.3890 

52 

•3905 

•3919 

•3934 

.3948 

•3963 

•3978 

•3993 

.4007 

.4022 

•4037 

53 

.4052 

.4067 

.4082 

.4097 

.4112 

.4127 

.4142 

•4157 

.4172 

.4187 

54 

.4203 

.4218 

•4234 

.4249 

•4265 

.4280 

.4296 

.4312 

•4328 

•4343 

55 

•4359 

•4375 

•4391 

.4407 

•4423 

•4439 

•4455 

.4471 

.4488 

•4504 

56 

•4521 

•4557 

•4554 

•4570 

.4587 

.4603 

.4620 

•4637 

•4654 

.4670 

57 

.4687 

.4704 

•4721 

.4738 

•4755 

•4772 

•4790 

.4807 

.4824 

.4841 

58 

.4859 

.4876 

.4894 

.4912 

•4930 

•4947 

•4965 

•4983 

•5001 

•5019 ! 

59 

•5037 

•5055 

•5073 

.5091 

.5110 

•5I28 

.5146 

.5164 

•5183 

.5201  | 

60 

.5220 

•5239 

.5258 

.5276 

•5295 

•53I4 

•5333 

•5352 

•5371 

•5390  i 

61 

•5409 

.5428 

.5448 

.5467 

•5486 

•5505 

•5525 

•5545 

•5565 

•5584  | 

62 

.5604 

.  .5624 

•5644 

•5663 

.5683 

•5703 

•5724 

•5744 

•5764 

•5784  j 

63 

•5805 

•5825 

.5846 

.5866 

.5887 

.5908 

•5929 

•5950 

•597i 

•5992  | 

64 

.6013 

.6034 

•6055 

.6076 

.6097 

.6118 

.6140 

.6161 

.6183 

.6204 

65 

.6226 

.6248 

.6270 

.6292 

.6314 

.6336 

•6358 

.6380 

.6402 

.6424 

66 

.6447 

.6469 

.6492 

.6514 

.6537 

•6559 

.6582 

.6605 

.6628 

.6651 

67 

.6674 

.6697 

.6721 

.6744 

.6767 

.6790 

.6814 

.6837 

.6861 

.6885 

68 

.6909 

.6932 

.6956 

.6980 

.7004 

.7028 

.7053 

.7077 

.7101 

•7125 

69 

•7150 

.7174 

.7199 

.7224 

.7249 

.7274 

•7299 

•7324 

•7348 

•7373 

70 

•7399 

.7424 

•7449 

•7474 

•75oo 

•7526 

•7552 

•7577 

.7603 

.7629 

7i 

•7655 

.7681 

•7707 

•7733 

.7760 

.7786 

.7813 

•7839 

.7866 

.7892 

72 

.7919 

.7946 

•7973 

.8000 

.8027 

.8054 

.8081 

.8108 

.8136 

.8163 

73 

.8191 

.8219 

.8247 

.8274 

.8302 

•8330 

•8358 

.8386 

.8414 

.8442 

74 

.8471 

•8499 

.8528 

•8556 

.8585 

.8614 

.8643 

.8672 

.8701 

.8730 

75 

.8760 

.8789 

.8818 

.8847 

.8877 

.8907 

•8937 

.8966 

.8996 

.9026 

76 

.9056 

.9086 

.9117 

.9147 

.9178 

.9208 

•9239 

.9269 

.9300 

•933i 

77 

.9362 

•9393 

•9424 

•9455 

.9487 

.9518 

•9550 

•958i 

.9613 

•9645 

78 

.9677 

.9709 

.9741 

•9773 

.9805 

•9837 

.9870 

.9902 

•9935 

.9968 

79 

I.OOOI 

1.0033 

1.0066 

1.0099 

1.0133 

1.0166 

1. 0199 

1.0232 

1.0266 

1.0300 

80 

1-0334 

1.0367 

1. 040 1 

1-0435 

1.0470 

1.0504 

1.0538 

1.0572 

1.0607 

1.0641 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


161 


Table  70. 

PRESSURE  OF  AQUEOUS  VAPOR  OVER  WATER. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Tempera¬ 

ture. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

80° 

1-0334 

1.0367 

1. 0401 

1-0435 

1.0470 

1.0504 

1.0538 

1.0572 

1.0607 

1.0641 

81 

1.0676 

1.0711 

1.0746 

1.0781 

1.0816 

1.0851 

1.0887 

1.0922 

1.0958 

1.0993 

82 

1. 1029 

1.1065 

I.IIOI 

I-II37 

I-II73 

1. 1209 

1.1246 

1.1282 

1. 1319 

I-I355 

83 

i-i392 

1. 1429 

1.1466 

1-1503 

1. 1540 

I.I577 

1.1615 

1.1652 

1.1690 

1-1727 

84 

1.1765 

1.1803 

1.1841 

1.1879 

I-I9I7 

I.I955 

1. 1994 

1.2032 

1. 2071 

1. 2110 

85 

1. 2149 

1.2188 

1.2227 

1.2266 

1-2305 

1.2344 

1.2384 

1.2423 

1.2463 

1.2503 

86 

1-2543 

1.2583 

1.2623 

1.2663 

1.2704 

1.2744 

1.2785 

1.2826 

1.2867 

1.2908 

87 

1.2949 

1.2990 

1.303 1 

1.3072 

I-3H4 

I-3I55 

I.3I97 

1-3239 

1.3281 

1-3323 

88 

I-3365 

1-3407 

i-345o 

1.3492 

1-3535 

1-3578 

1.3621 

1.3664 

1.3707 

i-375o 

89 

1-3794 

I-3837 

1.3881 

1-3925 

1.3969 

1.4013 

I.40S7 

1.4101 

1.4146 

1.4190 

90 

1.4234 

1.4279 

1.4324 

1.4369 

I-44I4 

1-4459 

14505 

1-4550 

1.4596 

1.4642 

9i 

1.4688 

1-4734 

1.4780 

1.4826 

1.4872 

1.4918 

1.4965 

1. 5012 

1-5059 

1.5106 

92 

I-5I53 

1.5200 

1.5247 

I-5294 

1-5342 

1-5390 

1.5438 

1.5486 

1-5534 

1.5582 

93 

1.5630 

1.5678 

I.5727 

1-5776 

1.5825 

1.5874 

I-5923 

1-5972 

1.6022 

1.6071 

94 

1.6121 

1.6171 

1.6221 

1.6271 

1.6321 

1.6371 

1.6422 

1.6472 

1.6523 

1.6574 

95 

1.6625 

1.6676 

1.6728 

1.6779 

1.6831 

1.6882 

1.6934 

1.6986 

1.7038 

1.7090 

96 

I-7I43 

I-7I95 

1.7248 

1. 7301 

1-7354 

1.7407 

1.7460 

I-75I3 

1-7567 

1.7620 

97 

1.7674 

1.7728 

1.7782 

1.7836 

1.7891 

1-7945 

1.8000 

1.8055 

1.8110 

1.8165 

98 

1.8220 

1.8275 

1-8331 

1.8386 

1.8442 

1.8498 

1.8554 

1. 8610 

1.8667 

1.8723 

99 

1.8780 

1.8837 

1.8894 

1.8951 

1.9008 

1.9065 

i-9I23 

1.9181 

1.9239 

1.9297 

100 

1-9355 

I.94I3 

1.9472 

1-9530 

1.9589 

1.9648 

1.9707 

1.9766 

1.9826 

1.9885 

IOI 

1-9945 

2.0005 

2.0065 

2.0125 

2.0185 

2.0245 

2.0306 

2.0367 

2.0428 

2.0489 

102 

2.0550 

2.0611 

2.0673 

2.0735 

2.0797 

2.0859 

2.0921 

2.0983 

2.1046 

2.1108 

103 

2.1171 

2.1234 

2.1298 

2.1361 

2/1425 

2.1488 

2.1552 

2.1616 

2.1680 

2.1744 

104 

2.1809 

2.1874 

2.1939 

2.2004 

2.2069 

2.2134 

2.2200 

2.2265 

2.2331 

2.2397 

105 

2.2463 

2.2529 

2.2596 

2.2663 

2.2730 

2.2797 

2.2864 

2.2931 

2.2999 

2.3067 

106 

2.3135 

2.3203 

2.3271 

2-3339 

2.3408 

2-3477 

2.3546 

2.3615 

2.3684 

2-3753 

107 

2.3823 

2.3893 

2.3963 

24033 

2.4103 

2.4173 

2.4244 

24315 

2.4386 

2-4457 

108 

2.4529 

2.4600 

2.4672 

2.4744 

2.4816 

2.4888 

2.4961 

2.5033 

2.5106 

2.5179 

109 

2.5252 

2.5325 

2.5399 

2-5473 

2.5547 

2.5621 

2.5695 

2.5770 

2.5845 

2-59I9 

no 

2.5994 

2.6069 

2.6145 

2.6220 

2.6296 

2.6372 

2.6448 

2.6524 

2.6601 

2.6678 

hi 

2.6755 

2.6832 

2.6909 

2.6986 

2.7064 

2.7142 

2.7220 

2.7298 

2.7377 

2.7456 

112 

2-7535 

2.7614 

2.7693 

2.7772 

2.7852 

2.7932 

2.8012 

2.8092 

2.8173 

2.8253 

113 

2.8334 

2.8415 

2.8496 

2.8577 

2.8659 

2.8741 

2.8823 

2.8905 

2.8988 

2.9070 

114 

2.9153 

2.9236 

2.9320 

2.9403 

2.9487 

2.9571 

2.9655 

2.9739 

2.9823 

2.9908 

115 

2-9993 

3.0078 

3.0163 

3.0248 

3-0334 

3.0420 

3.0506 

3-0592 

3.0679 

3.0766 

116 

3-0853 

3.0940 

3.1027 

3-IH5 

3.1203 

3-1291 

3-1379 

3-1467 

3.1556 

3-i645 

117 

3-1734 

3-i823 

3-I9I3 

3.2003 

3.2093 

3-2183 

3.2273 

3-2364 

3-2455 

3-2546 

118 

3.2637 

3.2728 

3.2820 

3-2912 

3-3004 

3.3096 

3-3189 

3-3282 

3-3375 

3-3468 

119 

3-3562 

3.3655 

3-3749 

3-3843 

3-3938 

3-4032 

34127 

3.4222 

34318 

34413 

120 

3-4509 

34605 

3-4701 

3  4797 

3.4894 

3-4991 

3.5088 

3-5i85 

3.5283 

3-538i 

121 

3-5479 

3-5577 

3-5676 

3-5774 

3-5873 

3-5972 

3.6072 

3.6172 

3.6272 

3.6372 

122 

3.6472 

3-6573 

3.6674 

3-6775 

3.6876 

3.6977 

3.7079 

3.7181 

3.7284 

3-7386 

123 

3-7489 

3-7592 

3-7695 

3-7799 

3-7903 

3.8007 

3.8m 

3-8215 

3.8320 

3-8425 

124 

3-8530 

3.8636 

3.8742 

3.8848 

3-8954 

3.9060 

3.9167 

3-9274 

3-938i 

3.9488 

125 

3.9596 

3-9704 

3-98i3 

3.9921 

4.0030 

4.0139 

4.0248 

4-0357 

4.0467 

4-0577 

126 

4.0687 

4.0797 

4.0908 

4.1019 

4.1131 

4.1242 

4.1354 

4.1466 

4-I578 

4.1690 

127 

4.1803 

4.1916 

4.2030 

4.2143 

4.2256 

4.2370 

4.2485 

4.2599 

4.2714 

4.2829 

128 

4.2945 

4.3061 

4-3177 

4-3293 

4.3410 

4.3527 

4-3645 

4.3762 

4.3880 

4.3998 

129 

4.4116 

44235 

44354 

4-4473 

4.4592 

4.47 1 1 

44831 

44951 

4-5072 

4.5192 

130 

4.5313 

4-5434 

4-5555 

4.5677 

4-5798 

4.5921 

4.6043 

4.6166 

4.6289 

4.6412 

162 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


PRESSURE  OF  AQUEOUS  VAPOR  OVER  WATER 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Table  70, 


Temper¬ 

ature. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

130° 

4-531 

4-543 

4.556 

4.568 

4.580 

4-592 

4.604 

4.617 

4.629 

4.641 

131 

4.654 

4.666 

4.678 

4.691 

4-703 

4.716 

4.728 

4.741 

4-754 

4.766 

132 

4-779 

4.792 

4.804 

4.817 

4.830 

4.843 

4-855 

4.868 

4.881 

4.894 

133 

4.907 

4.920 

4-933 

4.946 

4-959 

4.972 

4-985 

4.998 

5.012 

5-025 

134 

5.038 

5.051 

5-065 

5.078 

5.091 

5-105 

5.118 

5-132 

5.145 

5.158 

135 

5.I72 

5-186 

5-199 

5-213 

5.226 

5.240 

5.254 

5.268 

5.281 

5-295 

136 

5-309 

5.323 

5-337 

5-351 

5-365 

5-379 

5-392 

5407 

5.421 

5-435 

137 

5449 

5463 

5477 

5492 

5.5o6 

5.520 

5-535 

5-549 

5-563 

5.578 

138 

5-592 

5.607 

5.621 

5-636 

5-650 

5.665 

5.680 

5.694 

5-709 

5724 

139 

5-739 

5-754 

5.768 

5.783 

5798 

5.813 

5.828 

5.843 

5.858 

5.873 

140 

5.889 

5-904 

5-9I9 

5-934 

5-949 

5.965 

5.980 

5-995 

6.011 

6.026 

141 

6.041 

6.057 

6.072 

6.088 

6.104 

6.119 

6.135 

6.151 

6.166 

6.182 

142 

6.198 

6.214 

6.229 

6.245 

6.261 

6.277 

6.293 

6.309 

6.325 

6.341 

143 

6.358 

6-374 

6.390 

6.406 

6.422 

6-439 

6-455 

6.472 

6.488 

6.504 

144 

6.521 

6-537 

6.554 

6.571 

6.587 

6.604 

6.621 

6.637 

6.654 

6.671 

145 

6.688 

6.705 

6.722 

6-739 

6.756 

6-773 

6.790 

6.807 

6.824 

6.841 

146 

6.858 

6.876 

6.893 

6.910 

6.928 

6-945 

6.962 

6.980 

6.997 

7-015 

147 

7.032 

7.050 

7.068 

7.085 

7.103 

7.121 

7-139 

7-156 

7-174 

7.192 

148 

7.210 

7.228 

7.246 

7.264 

7.282 

7.300 

7.3I9 

7-337 

7-355 

7-374 

149 

7-392 

7.410 

7.429 

7447 

7.466 

7.484 

7-503 

7-521 

7-540 

7-559 

150 

7-577 

7.596 

7.6i5 

7.634 

7.653 

7.672 

7.691 

7.710 

7.729 

7.748 

151 

7.767 

7.786 

7.805 

7.824 

7.844 

7.863 

7.882 

7.902 

7.921 

7.941 

152 

7.960 

7.980 

8.000 

8.019 

8.039 

8.059 

8.078 

8.098 

8.118 

8.138 

153 

8.158 

8.178 

8.198 

8.218 

8.238 

8.258 

8.278 

8.298 

8.319 

8-339 

154 

8.360 

8.380 

8.400 

8.421 

8.441 

8.462 

8.482 

8.503 

8.524 

8-545 

155 

8.565 

8.586 

8.607 

8.628 

8.649 

8.670 

8.691 

8.712 

8-733 

8-754 

156 

8.776 

8.797 

8.818 

8.839 

8.861 

8.882 

8.904 

8.925 

8.947 

8.968 

157 

8.990 

9.012 

9.034 

9.055 

9.077 

9.099 

9.121 

9-143 

9-i65 

9.187 

158 

9.209 

9.231 

9-253 

9.276 

9.298 

9.320 

9-342 

9-365 

9-387 

9.410 

159 

9-432 

9455 

9478 

9.500 

9-523 

9-546 

9-569 

9-592 

9.615 

9.638 

160 

9.661 

9.684 

9.707 

9-730 

9-753 

9.776 

9799 

9.823 

9.846 

9.870 

161 

9-893 

9.916 

9.940 

9.964 

9-987 

IO.OII 

10.035 

10.059 

10.082 

10.106 

162 

10.130 

10.154 

10.178 

10.203 

10.227 

10.251 

10.275 

10.299 

10.324 

10.348 

163 

10.373 

10.397 

10.422 

10.446 

10.471 

10.495 

10.520 

io.545 

10.570 

10.595 

164 

10.620 

10.645 

10.670 

10.695 

10.720 

io.745 

10.770 

10.795 

10.821 

10.846 

165 

10.872 

10.897 

10.922 

10.948 

10.974 

10.999 

11.025 

11-051 

11.077 

11. 102 

166 

11.128 

11. 154 

11. 180 

11.206 

11.232 

11.258 

11.284 

11.311 

n-337 

11.363 

167 

11.390 

11.417 

11.444 

11.470 

11.497 

11-523 

11-550 

n-577 

11.604 

11.631 

168 

11.658 

11.685 

11. 712 

n-739 

11.766 

11.793 

•  11.821 

11.848 

11.875 

11.903 

169 

11.930 

H-9S7 

11.985 

12.013 

12.040 

12.068 

12.096 

12.124 

12.152 

12.180 

170 

12.208 

12.236 

12.264 

12.292 

12.320 

12.349 

12.377 

12.406 

12.434 

12.463 

171 

12.491 

12.520 

12.548 

12-577 

12.606 

12.635 

12.664 

12.693 

12.722 

12.751 

172 

12.780 

12.809 

12.838 

12.868 

12.897 

12.927 

12.956 

12.986 

13-015 

13-045 

173 

13.074 

13.104 

I3-I34 

13.164 

13.194 

13.224 

I3.254 

13.284 

I3.3I4 

13-344 

174 

13-374 

13405 

13435 

13465 

13.496 

13-527 

13-557 

13-588 

13.619 

13.649 

175 

13.680 

13.711 

13.742 

13-773 

13.804 

13-835 

13.867 

13.898 

13.929 

13.961 

176 

13.992 

14.024 

14.055 

14.087 

14.118 

14.150 

14.182 

14.214 

14.246 

14.278 

177 

14.310 

14.342 

14.374 

14.406 

14.438 

14.471 

14-503 

14-536 

14.568 

14.601 

178 

14-633 

14.666 

14.699 

I4-73I 

14.764 

14-797 

14.830 

14.864 

14.897 

14.930 

179 

14.963 

14.996 

15.030 

15-063 

15-097 

15.130 

15.164 

I5.I97 

15-231 

15-265 

180 

15.299 

15-333 

15.367 

15.401 

15-435 

15.469 

15-504 

I5.538 

15.572 

15.607  | 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


163 


Table  70. 

PRESSURE  OF  AQUEOUS  VAPOR  OVER  WATER. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Tempera¬ 

ture. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

i  .8 

.9 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

180° 

15.299 

15-333 

I5-367 

15401 

15435 

15.469 

15-504 

I5-538 

15-572 

15.607 

181 

15.641 

15.676 

15.710 

15-745 

15.780 

15-815 

15-850 

15-885 

15.920 

15-955 

182 

15.990 

16.025 

16.060 

16.096 

16.131 

16.167 

16.202 

16.238 

16.274 

16.309 

183 

16.345 

16.381 

16.417 

i6.453 

16.489 

16.525 

16.561 

16.598 

16.634 

16.670 

184 

16.707 

i6.743 

16.780 

16.817 

16.853 

16.890 

16.927 

16.964 

17.001 

17.038 

185 

17-075 

17.112 

17.150 

17.187 

17.224 

17.262 

17.300 

17-337 

17-375 

I7-4I3 

186 

17450 

17.488 

17.526 

17-564 

17.602 

17.641 

17.679 

17.717 

I7-756 

17-794 

187 

17.832 

17.871 

17.910 

17.948 

17.987 

18.026 

18.065 

18.104 

18.143 

18.182 

188 

18.221 

18.261 

18.300 

18.340 

18.379 

18.419 

18.458 

18.498 

18.538 

18.578 

189 

18.618 

18.658 

18.698 

18.738 

18.778 

18.818 

18.859 

18.899 

18.940 

18.980 

190 

19.021 

19.062 

19.102 

19-143 

19.184 

19.225 

19.266 

19.308 

19-349 

19.390 

19 1 

I943I 

19473 

I9-5I4 

I9-556 

19.598 

19.639 

19.681 

19.-723 

I9-765 

19.807 

192 

19.849 

19.892 

19-934 

19.976 

20.019 

20.061 

20.104 

20.146 

20.189 

20.232 

193 

20.275 

20.318 

20.361 

20.404 

20.447 

20.490 

20.533 

20.577 

20.620 

20.664 

194 

20.707 

20.751 

20.795 

20.839 

20.883 

20.927 

20.971 

21.015 

21.059 

21.103 

195 

21.148 

21.192 

21.237 

21.282 

21.326 

21.371 

21.416 

21.461 

21.506 

21-551 

196 

21-597 

21.642 

21.687 

21-733 

21.778 

21.824 

21.870 

21.915 

21.961 

22.007 

197 

22.053 

22.099 

22.145 

22.192 

22.238 

22.284 

22.331 

22.377 

22.424 

22.471 

198 

22.517 

22.564 

22.611 

22.658 

22.706 

22.753 

22.800 

22.847 

22.895 

22.942 

199 

22.990 

23.038 

23-085 

23-I33 

23.181 

23.229 

23.277 

23-325 

23-374 

23.422 

200 

23.470 

23-5I9 

23.568 

23.616 

23.665 

23-7I4 

23.763 

23.812 

23.861 

23.910 

201 

23-959 

24.009 

24.058 

24.108 

24-157 

24.207 

24.257 

24.307 

24-357 

24.407 

202 

24-457 

24.507 

24-557 

24.608 

24.658 

24.709 

24-759 

24.810 

24.861 

24.912 

203 

24.963 

25.014 

25.065 

25.116 

25.168 

25.219 

25.271 

25-322 

25.374 

25.426 

204 

25.478 

25-530 

25.582 

25-634 

25.686 

25-738 

25-79I 

25-843 

25.896 

25.948 

205 

26.001 

26.054 

26.107 

26.160 

26.213 

26.266 

26.319 

26.373 

26.426 

26.480 

206 

26.534 

26.587 

26.641 

26.695 

26.749 

26.803 

26.857 

26.912 

26.966 

27.021 

207 

27.075 

27.130 

27.184 

27.239 

27.294 

27-349 

27.404 

27.460 

27-5I5 

27.570 

208 

27.626 

27.681 

27.737 

27.793 

27.848 

27.904 

27.960 

28.016 

28.073 

28.129 

209 

28.185 

28.242 

28.298 

28.355 

28.412 

28.469 

28.526 

28.583 

28.640 

28.697 

210 

28.754 

28.812 

28.869 

28.927 

28.985 

29.042 

29.100 

29.158 

29.216 

29.275 

211 

29-333 

29.391 

29450 

29.508 

29.567 

29.626 

29.685 

29.744 

29.803 

29.862 

212 

29.921 

29.981 

30.040 

30.100 

30.159 

30.219 

30.279 

30.339 

30.399 

30.459 

213 

30.519 

30.580 

30.640 

30.701 

30.761 

30.822 

30.883 

30.944 

31-005 

31.066 

214 

31.127 

31.189 

31-250 

3i-3ii 

31-373 

31-435 

31-497 

31-559 

31.621 

31-683 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


164 


PRESSURE  OF  AQUEOUS  VAPOR  OVER  ICE 
METRIC  MEASURES. 


Table  71 


Tempera- 

Vapor 

Tempera- 

Vapor 

Tempera 

Vapor 

Tempera¬ 

Vapor 

Tempera- 

Vapor 

ture. 

Pressure. 

ture. 

Pressure. 

ture. 

Pressure. 

ture, 

Pressure. 

ture. 

Pressure. 

C. 

mm. 

C. 

mm. 

C. 

mm 

C. 

mm. 

C. 

mm. 

-70° 

0. 0018 

-60° 

0. 0078 

-50.0 

0.0291 

-45.0° 

0.0537 

- 

40.0° 

0. 0964 

69 

0. 0021 

59 

0. 0089 

49-5 

0.0308 

44 

•  5 

0.  * 

0570 

39-5 

0. 1020 

68 

0. 0025 

58 

0. 0102 

49.0 

0.0329 

44 

.  0 

0. ' 

0605 

39-o 

0. 1080 

67 

0. 0028 

57 

0. 0117 

48.5 

0.0350 

43 

•5 

0. 0642 

38,5 

0. 1143 

66 

0.0033 

56 

0.0134 

48.0 

0.0373 

43 

.  0 

0.  < 

0680 

38.0 

0. 1209 

-65 

0.0038 

-55 

0.0153 

-47.5 

0. 0396 

-42.5 

0. 1 

0721 

- 

37.5 

0. 1279 

64 

0. 0044 

54 

0. 0174 

47-0 

0. 0421 

42 

.  0 

0. ' 

0765 

37-0 

0. 1352 

63 

0. 0051 

53 

0. 0198 

46.5 

0. 0448 

4i 

•5 

0. ' 

0811 

36.5 

0. 1430 

62 

0. 0059 

52 

0. 0226 

46.0 

0. 0476 

4i 

.0 

0.  < 

0859 

36.0 

0. 1511 

61 

0. 0068 

5i 

0.0256 

45-5 

0.0506 

40.5 

0. 

0910 

35-5 

0. 1596 

Tempera¬ 

ture. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

-35° 

0.1686 

0.1668 

0.1650 

0.1632 

0.1614 

0. 

1596 

0.1579 

0.1562 

0.1545 

0.1528 

34 

0.1880 

0.1860 

0.1840 

0.1820 

0.1800 

0.1781 

0.1761 

0.1742 

0.1723 

0.1705 

33 

0.2094 

0.2072 

0.2050 

0.2028 

0.2006 

0. 

1984 

0.1963 

0.1942 

0.1921 

0.1901 

32 

0.2331 

0.2306 

0.2281 

0.2257 

0.2233 

0.2209 

0.2186 

0.2163 

0.2140 

0.2117 

3i 

0.2591 

0.2564 

0.2537 

0.2510 

c 

>.2484 

0.2458 

0.2432 

0.2406 

0.2381 

0.2355 

-30 

O.2878 

0.2848 

0.2818 

0.2789 

0.2760 

0.2731 

0.2703 

0.2674 

0.2646 

0.2619 

29 

0.3194 

0.3161 

0.3128 

0.3096 

c 

>.3064 

0.3032 

0.3001 

0.2970 

0.2939 

0.2908 

28 

0.3541 

0.3505 

0.3469 

0-3433 

c 

•3398 

0.3363 

0.3329 

0.3295 

0.3261 

0.3227 

27 

0.3923 

0.3883 

0.3843 

0.3804 

c 

>.3766 

0.3727 

0.3689 

0.365 

;2 

0.3615 

0.3578 

26 

0.4341 

0.4297 

0.4254 

0.42 1 1 

0.4169 

0.4127 

0.4085 

0.4044 

0.4003 

0.3963 

-25 

0.4800 

0.4752 

0.4705 

0.4658 

0.4611 

04565 

0.4519 

0-4474 

0.4429 

0.4385 

24 

0.5303 

0.5251 

0.5199 

o.5i47 

c 

>•5096 

0.5046 

0.4996 

0.4946 

0.4897 

0.4848 

23 

0.5854 

0.5796 

0-5739 

0.5683 

0.5628 

o.5572 

o.55i7 

0.5463 

0.5409 

0.5356 

22 

0.6456 

0.6393 

0.6331 

0.6270 

0.6209 

0.6148 

0.6088 

0.6029 

0.5970 

0.5912 

21 

0.7H5 

0.7046 

0.6978 

0.6911 

0.6844 

0.6778 

0.6713 

0.6648 

0.6583 

0.6519 

-20 

0.7834 

0-7759 

0.7685 

0.7611 

c 

>•7538 

0.7466 

0-7395 

0.7324 

0.7254 

0.7184 

19 

0.8618 

0.8537 

0.8456 

0.8376 

0.8296 

0.8217 

0.8139 

0.8062 

0.7985 

0.7909 

18 

0-9474 

0.9385 

0.9297 

0.9209 

0.9123 

0.9037 

0.8952 

0.8867 

0.8784 

0.8701 

17 

1.0406 

1.0309 

1.0213 

1.0118 

1.0024 

0.9930 

0.9837 

0-9745 

0.9654 

0.9563 

16 

1. 1421 

1.1316 

1.1211 

1. 1108 

] 

:.ioo5 

1.0903 

1.0802 

1.0702 

1.0602 

1.0504 

-15 

1-2525 

1. 2411 

1.2297 

1.2184 

1.2072 

1.1962 

1.1852 

I-I743 

1-1635 

1-1527 

14 

1.3726 

1.3601 

1-3477 

1-3355 

1-3233 

I-3II3 

1.2993 

1.2875 

1.2757 

1.2641 

13 

1.5029 

1.4894 

1-4759 

1.4626 

1-4495 

1.4364 

1.4234 

1.4105 

1.3978 

1-3851 

12 

1.6444 

1.6297 

1.6151 

1.6007 

] 

:-5864 

1.5722 

i.558i 

I-544I 

1.5302 

1-5165 

11 

1.7979 

1.7820 

1.7662 

1.7506 

i-735o 

1.7196 

1.7043 

1.6892 

1.6741 

1.6592 

-10 

1.9643 

1.9470 

1.9299 

1.9129 

] 

1.8961 

1.8794 

1.8628 

1.8464 

1.8301 

1.8139 

9 

2.1445 

2.1258 

2.1073 

2.0889 

2.0707 

2.0526 

2.0347 

2.0168 

1.9992 

1.9817 

8 

2-3395 

2.3193 

2.2993 

2.2794 

2.2596 

2.2401 

2.2206 

2.2014 

2.1823 

2.1633 

7 

2.5505 

2.5287 

2.5070 

2.4855 

2.4642 

2.4430 

2.4220 

2.401 1 

2.3804 

2-3599 

6 

2.7785 

2-7549 

2.7315 

2.7083 

2.6852 

2.6623 

2.6396 

2.6171 

2-5947 

2.5725 

-  5 

3.0248 

2-9993 

2.9740 

2.9489 

2.9240 

2.8993 

2.8747 

2.8504 

2.8262 

2.8023 

4 

3.2907 

3.2632 

3-2359 

3.2088 

3.1819 

3-1552 

3-1287 

3-1025 

3.0764 

3-0505 

3 

3-5775 

3-5479 

3-5184 

3.4892 

3.4602 

34314 

3.4028 

3-3745 

3-3463 

3-3184 

2 

3.8868 

3-8548 

3.8230 

3- 79x6 

3.7603 

3.7292 

3.6985 

3.6678 

3-6375 

3.6074 

1 

4.2199 

4.1854 

4-I5I3 

4-H74 

4.0837 

4.0502 

4.0171 

3.9841 

3-9515 

3.9190 

-  0 

4.5802 

4.5428 

4-5057 

4.4690 

4-4325 

4.3962 

4.3604 

4.3248 

4.2896 

4.2546 

Smithsonian  Tables, 


Table  72. 

PRESSURE  OF  AQUEOUS  VAPOR  OVER  WATER. 


METRIC  MEASURES. 


Tem¬ 

pera¬ 

ture. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

0° 

4.580 

4.614 

4.647 

4.681 

4.7I5 

4-750 

4.784 

4.819 

4.854 

4.889 

i 

4.924 

4.960 

4.996j 

5-032 

5.068 

5.105 

5.142 

5-179 

5.216 

5.254 

2 

5.291 

5-329 

5.368 

5.406 

5-445 

5484 

5.523 

5.562 

5.602 

5.642 

3 

5.682 

5-723 

5-763 

5.804 

5.846 

5.887 

5-929 

5-971 

6.013 

6.056 

4 

6.098 

6.141 

6.185 

6.228 

6.272 

6.316 

6.361 

6.406 

6.450 

6.496 

5 

6.541 

6.587 

6.633 

6.680 

6.726 

6-773 

6.820 

6.868 

6.916 

6.964 

6 

7.012 

7.061 

7. no 

7-159 

7.209 

7.259 

7-309 

7.360 

7.410 

7.462 

7 

7-513 

7.565 

7.617 

7.669 

7.722 

7-775 

7.828 

7.882 

7.936 

7.991 

8 

8.045 

8.100 

8.156 

8.211 

8.267 

8.324 

8.380 

8-437 

8.494 

8.552 

9 

8.610 

8.669 

8.727 

8.786 

8.846 

8.906 

8.966 

9.026 

9.087 

9.148 

10 

9.210 

9.272 

9-334 

9-397 

9.460 

9-523 

9-587 

9.651 

9.716 

9.781 

ii 

9.846 

9.912 

9.978 

10.044 

IO.III 

10.178 

10.246 

10.314 

10.382 

10.451 

12 

10.521 

10.590 

10.660 

10.731 

10.801 

10.873 

10.944 

11.016 

11.089 

11.162 

13 

n-235 

11.309 

11-383 

11.458 

11.533 

11.608 

11.684 

11.761 

n.837 

II.9I5 

14 

11.992 

12.070 

12.149 

12.228 

12.307 

12.387 

12.468 

12.549 

12.630 

12.712 

15 

12.794 

12.877 

12.960 

13-043 

13.127 

13.212 

13.297 

13-383 

13.469 

13-555 

1 6 

13.642 

13.729 

13.817 

13.906 

13-995 

14.084 

14.174 

14.265 

I4.356 

14447 

17 

14-539 

14.632 

14-725 

14.818 

14.912 

15.007 

15.102 

I5.I97 

I5.293 

I5.390 

18 

15487 

15.585 

15-683 

15.782 

15.882 

15.981 

16.082 

16.183 

16.285 

16.387 

19 

16.489 

i6.S93 

16.696 

16.801 

16.906 

17.011 

17.117 

17.224 

I7-33I 

174.39 

20 

I7-548 

17.657 

17.766 

17.877 

17.987 

18.099 

18.211 

18.323 

18437 

18.551 

21 

18.665 

18.780 

18.896 

19.012 

19.129 

19.247 

19-365 

19.484 

19.603 

19.723 

22 

19.844 

19.965 

20.087 

20.210 

20.333 

20.457 

20.582 

20.707 

20.833 

20.960 

23 

21.087 

21.215 

21.344 

21.473 

21.604 

21-734 

21.866 

21.998 

22.131 

22.264 

24 

22.398 

22.533 

22.669 

22.805 

22.942 

23.080 

23.219 

23-358 

23.498 

23.638 

25 

23.780 

23.922 

24.065 

24.209 

24.353 

24.498 

24.644 

24.791 

24.938 

25.086 

26 

25.235 

25.385 

25.535 

25.687 

25.839 

25.991 

26.145 

26.299 

26.455 

26.610 

27 

26.767 

26.925 

27.083 

27.242 

27.402 

27.563 

27.725 

27.887 

28.051 

28.215 

28 

28.380 

28.546 

28.712 

28.880 

29.048 

29.217 

29.387 

29-558 

29.730 

29.903 

29 

30.076 

30.251 

30.426 

30.602 

30.779 

30.957 

31-136 

3I.3I5 

31.496 

31.678 

30 

31.860 

32.043 

32.228 

32.413 

32.599 

32.786 

32.974 

33.163 

33-353 

33-543 

3i 

33-735 

33.928 

34.121 

34.316 

34.512 

34.7o8 

34.906 

35.104 

35.303 

35-504  I 

32 

35-705 

35.908 

36.111 

36.315 

36.521 

36.727 

36.935 

37-143 

37-353 

37-563 

33 

37-775 

37.987 

38.201 

38.415 

38.631 

38.848 

39.065 

39.284 

39-504 

39.725 

34 

39-947 

40.170 

40.394 

40.619 

40.846 

41.073 

41.302 

41-531 

41.762 

41.994 

35 

42.227 

42.461 

42.696 

42.932 

43-170 

43.408 

43.648 

43.889 

44-I3I 

44-374 

36 

44.619 

44.864 

45. in 

45.358 

45.608 

45.858 

46.109 

46.362 

46.615 

46.870 

37 

47.127 

47.384 

47.643 

47.902 

48.163 

48.426 

48.689 

48.954 

49.220 

49.487 

38 

49-756 

50.025 

50.296 

50.569 

50.842 

5I.H7 

51-393 

51.670 

51-949 

52.229 

39 

52.510 

52.793 

53.077 

53.362 

53.649 

53-937 

54.226 

54.5i6 

54.808 

55-101 

40 

55-396 

55.692 

55.989 

56.288 

56.588 

56.889 

57.I92 

57496 

57.802 

58.109 

41 

58.417 

58.727 

59-038 

59-351 

59-665 

59.981 

60.298 

60.616 

60.936 

61.257 

42 

61.580 

61.904 

62.230 

62.557 

62.886 

63.216 

63-547 

63.880 

64.215 

64.551 

43 

64.889 

65.228 

65-569 

65.911 

66.255 

66.600 

66.947 

67.295 

67.645 

67.997 

44 

68.350 

68.704 

69.061 

69.419 

69.778 

70.139 

70.502 

70.866 

71.232 

71-599 

45 

71.968 

72.339 

72.712 

73.086 

73  461 

73.839 

74.218 

74.598 

74.981 

75365 

46 

75-751 

76.138 

76.527 

76.918 

77.311 

77.705 

78.101 

78.499 

78.898 

79.300 

47 

79.703 

80.107 

80.514 

80.922 

81.332 

8i.744 

82.158 

82.573 

82.990 

83.409 

48 

83.830 

84.253 

84.677 

85.104 

85-532 

85.962 

86.394 

86.828 

87.263 

87.701 

49 

88.140 

88.581 

89.024 

89.470 

89.916 

90.365 

90.816 

91.269 

91.723 

92.180 

50 

92.639 

93.099 

93.562 

94.026 

94492 

94.961 

95-431 

95-903 

96.378 

96.854 

Smjthsonian  Tables. 


166 


Table  72, 

PRESSURE  OF  AQUEOUS  VAPOR  OVER  WATER. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 


Tem¬ 

pera¬ 

ture. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

50° 

92.64 

93.10 

93-56 

94.P3 

94.49 

94.96 

95-43 

95-90 

96.38 

96.85 

5i 

97-33 

97.81 

98.30 

98.78 

99-27 

99-76 

100.25 

100.74 

101.23 

101.73  1 

52 

102.23 

102.73 

103.23 

103-74 

104.25 

104-75 

105.27 

105.78 

106.30 

106.81 

53 

107.33 

107.86 

108.38 

108.91 

109.44 

109.97 

110.50 

111.04 

in-57 

112.11 

54 

112.66 

113.20 

H3-75 

114-30 

114.85 

115-40 

115.96 

116.51 

117.07 

117.64 

55 

118.20 

118.77 

119.34 

119.91 

120.49 

121.06 

121.64 

122.22 

122.81 

123.39 

56 

123.98 

124-57 

125.16 

125.76 

126.36 

126.96 

127.56 

128.17 

128.77 

129.38 

57 

130.00 

130.61 

i3I-23 

131-85 

13247 

i33-io 

133-73 

I34-36 

134-99 

135-62 

58 

136.26 

136.90 

137.54 

138.19 

138.84 

139-49 

140.14 

140.80 

141.46 

142.12 

59 

142.78 

143-45 

144.12 

144.79 

145.46 

146.14 

146.82 

147-50 

148.19 

148.88 

60 

149-57 

150.26 

150.95 

151.65 

152.35 

i53-o6 

153-77 

•  I54-48 

155-19 

155-90 

61 

156.62 

157-34 

158.07 

158.79 

159-52 

160.26 

160.99 

161.73 

162.47 

163.21 

62 

163.96 

164.71 

165.46 

166.22 

166.98 

167.74 

168.50 

169.27 

170.04 

170.81 

63 

I7I-59 

172.37 

173.15 

173-93 

174.72 

I75-5I 

176.31 

177.10 

177.91 

178.71 

64 

179-52 

180.32 

181.14 

181.95 

182.77 

183.59 

184.42 

185.25 

186.08 

186.91 

65 

187.75 

188.59 

189.44 

190.28 

191.13 

191.99 

192.85 

193-71 

194-57 

195-44 

66 

196.31 

197.18 

198.06 

198.94 

199.82 

200.71 

201.60 

202.49 

203.39 

204.29 

67 

205.19 

206.10 

207.01 

207.92 

208.84 

209.76 

210.68 

211.61 

212.54 

213-47 

68 

214.41 

215-35 

216.30 

217.24 

218.20 

219.15 

220.11 

221.07 

222.04 

223.01 

69 

223.98 

224.96 

225.94 

226.92 

227.91 

228.90 

229.89 

230.89 

231.89 

232.90 

70 

233-91 

234.92 

235-94 

236.96 

237.98 

239.01 

240.04 

241.08 

242.12 

243-t6 

7i 

244.21 

245.26 

246.31 

247-37 

24843 

249.50 

250.57 

251.64 

252.72 

253.80 

72 

254.88 

255-97 

257.07 

258.16 

259.27 

260.37 

261.48 

262.59 

263.71 

264.83 

73 

265.96 

267.08 

268.22 

269.35 

270.50 

271.64 

•  272.79 

273-94 

275.10 

276.26 

74 

277-43 

278.60 

279.77 

280.95 

282.13 

283.32 

284.51 

285.71 

286.90 

288.11 

75 

289.32 

290.53 

291.74 

292.97 

294.19 

295.42 

296.65 

297.89 

299.13 

300.38 

76 

3OI-63 

302.89 

304.15 

305-41 

306.68 

307.95 

309.23 

310.51 

311.80 

313-09 

77 

3I4-38 

315-68 

316.99 

318.30 

319.61 

320.93 

322.25 

323-58 

324.91 

326.25 

78 

327-59 

328.93 

330.28 

331.64 

333-oo 

334-36 

335-73 

337-io 

33848- 

339-86 

79 

341-25 

342.65 

344.04 

345-44 

346.85 

348.26 

349.68 

35i-io 

352.53 

353-96 

80 

355-40 

356.84 

358.28 

359-73 

361.19 

362.65 

364.11 

365-58 

367.06 

368.54 

81 

370.03 

371.52 

373-oi 

374-51 

376.02 

377-53 

379-05 

380.57 

382.09 

383.62 

82 

385-16 

386.70 

388.25 

389.80 

39I-36 

392.92 

394-49 

396.06 

397-64 

399.22 

83 

400.81 

402.40 

404.00 

405.61 

407.22 

408.83 

410.45 

412.08 

4i3-7i 

415-35 

84 

416.99 

418.64 

420.29 

421.95 

423.61 

425.28 

426.95 

428.64 

430.32 

432.01 

85 

433-71 

435-41 

437-12 

438.83 

440.55 

442.28 

444.01 

445-75 

447-49 

449.24 

86 

450.99 

452.75 

454-51 

456.28 

458.06 

459.84 

461.63 

463.42 

465.22 

467-03 

87 

468.84 

470.66 

472.48 

474-31 

476.14 

477-99 

479-83 

481.68 

483-54 

485.41 

88 

487.28 

489.16 

491.04 

492.93 

494.82 

496.72 

498.63 

500.54 

502.46 

504-39 

89 

506.32 

508.26 

510.20 

512.15 

5i4-ii 

516.07 

.518.04 

520.01 

521.99 

523-98 

90 

525.97 

527.97 

529.98 

531-99 

534-01 

536.04 

538.07 

540.11 

542.15 

544.21 

9i 

546.26 

548.33 

550.40 

55248 

554.56 

556.65 

558.75 

560.85 

562.96 

565.08 

92 

567.20 

569-33 

5?i-47 

573-6i 

575.76 

577-92 

580.08 

582.25 

58443 

586.61 

93 

588.80 

591.00 

593-20 

595-41 

597-63 

599.86 

602.09 

604.33 

606.57 

608.82 

94 

611.08 

6i3-35 

615.62 

617.90 

620.19 

622.48 

624.79 

627.09 

629.41 

631.73 

95 

634.06 

636.40 

638.74 

641.09 

64345 

645-82 

648.19 

650.57 

652.96 

655-35 

96 

657-75 

660.16 

662.58 

665.00 

667.43 

669.87 

672.32 

674.77 

677.23 

679.70 

97 

682.18 

684.66 

687.15 

689.65 

692.15 

694.67 

697.19 

699.71 

702.25 

704.79 

98 

707-35 

709.90 

712.47 

715-04 

•  7I7-63 

720.22 

722.81 

725.42 

728.03 

730.65 

99 

733-28 

735-92 

738.56 

741.21 

743-87 

746.54 

749.22 

751-90 

754-59 

757-29 

100 

760.00 

762.72 

76544 

768.17 

770.91 

773.66 

776.42 

779.18 

781.95 

784-73 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


167 


Table  72 


PRESSURE  OF  AQUEOUS  VAPOR  OVER  WATER. 
METRIC  MEASURES. 


Temperature. 

0° 

1° 

2° 

3° 

4’ 

5° 

6° 

7° 

8° 

9° 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

100° 

760.0 

787-5 

815.9 

845.0 

875-i 

906. 0 

937-8 

970.5 

1004. 2 

1038.8 

no 

1074.4 

mi.  0 

1148,6 

1187.2 

1226. 9 

1267. 7 

1309.6 

1352.6 

1396.8 

1442. 1 

120 

1488. 7 

1536.4 

I585-4 

1635-7 

1687.3 

1740. 2 

1794-4 

1850. 0 

1907.0 

1965.4 

130 

2025. 2 

2086 . 5 

2149-3 

2213.7 

2279.6 

2347.0 

2416. 1 

2486. 8 

2559-2 

2633. 2 

140 

2709.0 

2786.5 

2865.8 

2947.0 

3029.9 

3II4-7 

3201.4 

3290. 1 

338o. 7 

3473-3 

I  150° 

3567-9 

3664.6 

3763-3 

3864.2 

3967.2 

4072.4 

4179.8 

4289.5 

44oi . 5 

4515-7 

160 

4632.4 

4751-4 

4872. 8 

4996.7 

5123. 1 

5252.0 

5383-4 

5517-5 

5654. 2 

5793-5 

170 

5935-6 

6080.4 

6228.0 

6378.4 

653I-7 

6687.8 

6846.9 

7009.0 

7174.0 

7342.1 

180 

7513-3 

7687.7 

7865.2 

8045.9 

8229. 8 

8417.0 

8607.6 

8801. 5 

8998 . 9 

9199.6 

190° 

9404 

9612 

9823 

10038 

10257 

10479 

10705 

10935 

ni69 

1 1407 

200 

11648 

11894 

12143 

12397 

12654 

12916 

13182 

13452 

13727 

14006 

210 

14289 

14577 

14869 

15165 

15467 

15772 

16083 

16398 

16718 

17043 

•  220 

17372 

17707 

18046 

18391 

18740 

19095 

19454 

19819 

20190 

20565 

230° 

20946 

21332 

21724 

22121 

22524 

22932 

23347 

23766 

24192 

24623 

240 

25061 

25504 

25953 

26408 

26870 

27337 

27811 

28291 

28778 

29270 

250 

29770 

30275 

30787 

31306 

31832 

32364 

32903 

33449 

34002 

34562 

260 

35128 

35702 

36283 

36872 

37467 

38070 

38680 

39298 

39923 

40556 

270 

41197 

41845 

42501 

43165 

43836 

44516 

45204 

45899 

46603 

47316 

280° 

48036 

48765 

49503 

50248 

51003 

51766 

52538 

53318 

54108 

54906 

290 

55714 

56530 

57356 

58191 

59035 

59888 

60751 

61624 

62506 

63398 

3  00 

64299 

65211 

66132 

67063 

68005 

68956 

69918 

70890 

71872 

72865 

310 

73869 

74883 

75907 

76943 

77990 

79047 

801 16 

81195 

82286 

83389 

320 

84503 

85628 

86765 

87913 

89074 

90246 

91430 

92626 

93835 

95056 

330° 

96289 

97534 

98793 

100060 

101350 

102640 

103950 

105280 

1066 10 

107960 

340 

109320 

1 10700 

1 1 2090 

1 13490 

114910 

116340 

117780 

1 19 240 

120720 

122210 

350 

123710 

125220 

126760 

128310 

129870 

I3I44° 

133030 

134640 

136270 

137900 

360 

139560 

141230 

142920 

144620 

146340 

148070 

149820 

151590 

153380 

155180 

370 

157000 

158840 

160690 

162560 

164450 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


168 


Table  73. 

WEIGHT  OF  A  CUBIC  FOOT  OF  SATURATED  VAPOR. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Temper¬ 

ature. 

Temper¬ 

ature. 

.0 

.5 

Tempera- 

ature. 

.0 

.2 

.4 

.6 

.8 

F. 

Grains 

Troy. 

F. 

Grains 

Troy. 

Grains 

Troy. 

F. 

Grains 

Troy. 

Grains 

Troy. 

Grains 

Troy. 

Grains 

Troy. 

Grains 

Troy, 

-30° 

0.095 

+20° 

1.244 

1.273 

+70° 

8.066 

8.117 

8.170 

8.223 

8.276 

29 

0.100 

21 

1.301 

1.332 

7i 

8.329 

8.383 

8-437 

8.491 

8.546 

28 

0.106 

22 

1.362 

1-393 

72 

8.600 

8.656 

8.711 

8.766 

8.823 

27 

0.112 

23 

1.425 

1.457 

73 

8.879 

8.936 

8.992 

9.050 

9.107 

26 

0.119 

24 

1.490 

1.524 

74 

9.165 

9.223 

9.281 

9.341 

9.400 

-25 

0.126 

+25 

1.558 

1-593 

+75 

9.460 

9.519 

9-579 

9.640 

9.700 

24 

0.134 

26 

1.629 

1.666 

76 

9.761 

9.823 

9.885 

9-947 

10.009 

23 

0.141 

27 

1.703 

1. 741 

77 

10.072 

10.135 

10.199 

10.263 

10.327 

22 

0.150 

28 

1.779 

1.819 

78 

10.392 

io.457 

10.521 

10.587 

10.653 

21 

0.158 

29 

1.859 

1.900 

79 

10.720 

10.785 

10.853 

10.921 

10.987 

-20 

0.167 

+30 

1.942 

1.984 

+80 

11.056 

11. 124 

II-I93 

11.262 

H-33I 

19 

0.176 

3i 

2.028 

2.072 

81 

1 1. 401 

11.471 

11.542 

11.613 

11.685 

18 

0.187 

32 

2.118 

2.159 

82 

11.756 

11.828 

11.900 

H-974 

12.047 

17 

0.197 

33 

2.200 

2.242 

83 

12.121 

12.195 

12.269 

12.344 

12.419 

16 

0.208 

34 

2.286 

2.330 

84 

12.494 

12.570 

12.646 

12.723 

12.800 

-15 

0.220 

+35 

2.375 

2.420 

+85 

12.878 

12.956 

13-034 

13-113 

13.192 

14 

0.232 

36 

2.466 

2.513 

86 

13.272 

I3.35I 

13432 

I3-5I2 

13-594 

13 

0.244 

37 

2.560 

2.609 

87 

13.676 

I3.758 

13.840 

13-923 

14.006 

12 

0.258 

38 

2.658 

2.708 

88 

14.090 

14.174 

14.258 

14-344 

14.429 

11 

0.272 

39 

2-759 

2.810 

89 

I4.5I5 

14.601 

14.689 

14.776 

14.864 

-10 

0.286 

+40 

2.863 

2.916 

+90 

I4-95I 

15.040 

15.129 

15.219 

15-309 

9 

0.302 

4i 

2.970 

3.026 

91 

15.400 

15.490 

15-581 

15-673 

15.766 

8 

0.318 

42 

3.082 

3.138 

92 

15.858 

I5.95I 

16.045 

16.139 

16.234 

7 

o-335 

43 

3-196 

3.254 

93 

16.328 

16.423 

16.520 

16.616 

16.713 

6 

0-353 

44 

3.3I5 

3-374 

94 

16.810 

16.909 

17.007 

17.106 

17.205 

-  5 

0.371 

+45 

3436 

3499 

+95 

17-305 

17.406 

17.506 

17.607 

17.709 

4 

0.391 

46 

3-563 

3.627 

96 

17.812 

17.914 

18.018 

18.121 

18.226 

3 

0.411 

47 

3.693 

3-759 

97 

18.330 

18.436 

18.542 

18.648 

i8.755 

2 

0-433 

48 

3.828 

3-895 

98 

18.863 

18.971 

19.079 

19.188 

19.298 

—  1 

0-455 

49 

3-965 

4.036 

99 

19.407 

19.518 

19.629 

19.741 

19.853 

±  0 

0-479 

+50 

4.108 

4.181 

+  100 

19.966 

20.079 

20.193 

20.307 

20.422 

+  1 

0.503 

5i 

4.255 

4.33i 

101 

20.538 

20.654 

20.770 

20.887 

21.005 

2 

0.529 

52 

4407 

4485 

102 

21.123 

21.242 

21.362 

21.481 

21.602 

3 

0.556 

53 

4-564 

4.644 

103 

21.723 

21.845 

21.967 

22.090 

22.213 

4 

0.584 

54 

4.725 

4.807 

104 

22.337 

22.462 

22.588 

22.714 

22.839 

5 

0.613 

+55 

4.891 

4.976 

+105 

22.966 

23.095 

23.223 

23.35I 

23.481 

6 

0.644 

56 

5.062 

5-149 

106 

23.611 

23.742 

23-873 

24.005 

24.138 

7 

0.676 

57 

5.238 

5-328 

107 

24.271 

24.405 

24.539 

24.673 

24.809 

8 

0.709 

58 

5420 

5.5I3 

108 

24.946 

25.082 

25.220 

25-358 

25.597 

9 

0-744 

59 

5.607 

5.703 

109 

25.636 

25.776 

25-917 

26.058 

26.201 

10 

0.780 

+60 

5.800 

5.899 

+  110 

26.343 

26.486 

26.630 

26.775 

26.920 

11 

0.818 

61 

5-999 

6.099 

hi 

27.066 

27.213 

27.360 

27.508 

27.657 

12 

0.858 

62 

6.203 

6.306 

112 

27.807 

27.956 

28.107 

28.259 

28.411 

13 

0.900 

63 

6.413 

6.521 

113 

28.563 

28.717 

28.871 

29.026 

29.181 

14 

o.943 

64 

6.630 

6.740 

1 14 

29.338 

29.495 

29*653 

29.812 

29.970 

15 

0.988 

+65 

6.852 

6.966 

+  115 

30.130 

30.291 

30452 

30.614 

30.777 

16 

1-035 

66 

7.082 

7.198 

116 

30.940 

31.104 

31.270 

31.435 

31.601 

17 

1.084 

6  7 

7.317 

7437 

117 

31.768 

31-937 

32.106 

32.274 

32445 

18 

I*I35 

68 

7.56o 

7.683 

118 

32.616 

32.787 

32.960 

33-133 

33.307 

+  19 

1.189 

+69 

7.809 

7-937 

+119 

33482 

33.657 

33.834 

34-010 

34.189 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


169 


Table  74 


WEIGHT  OF  A  CUBIC  METER  OF  SATURATED  VAPOR. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 


Temper¬ 

ature. 

Temper¬ 

ature. 

.0 

.5 

Temper¬ 

ature. 

.0 

.2 

.4 

.6 

.8 

C. 

Grams. 

C. 

Grams. 

Grams. 

C. 

Grams. 

Grams. 

Grams. 

Grams. 

Grams. 

-29° 

0.378 

-17° 

1. 174 

1-123 

-5° 

3.261 

3.208 

3-157 

3.106 

3-056 

28 

0.418 

16 

1.284 

1.228 

4 

3-534 

3-478 

3.422 

3-368 

3-314 

27 

0.461 

15 

1.403 

1.342 

3 

3.828 

3.767 

3.708 

3-649 

3-591 

26 

0.508 

14 

i-53i 

1.466 

2 

4.144 

4.078 

4.015 

3-951 

3.889 

25 

0-559 

13 

1.671 

1-599 

1 

4.482 

4.412 

4-344 

4.276 

4.209 

24 

0.615 

12 

1.820 

1.744 

0 

4.847 

4-771 

4.697 

4.624 

4-553 

-23 

0.677 

-II 

1.983 

1.900 

+0 

4.847 

4.914 

4.982 

5-051 

5.121 

22 

0-743 

10 

2.158 

2.069 

1 

5.192 

5.264 

5.336 

5.409 

5483 

21 

0.816 

9 

2-347 

2.251 

2 

5-559 

5-634 

5-7H 

5.789 

5.868 

20 

0.894 

8 

2.551 

2-447 

3 

5-947 

6.028 

6. no 

6.192 

6.275 

19 

0.980 

7 

2.770 

2.658 

4 

6.360 

6-445 

6.532 

6.619 

6.708 

18 

1.073 

6 

3.006 

2.886 

5 

6-797 

6.888 

6-979 

7.072 

7.166 

Temper¬ 

ature. 

.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

C. 

Grams. 

Grams. 

Grams. 

Grams. 

Grams. 

Grams. 

Grams. 

Grams. 

Grams. 

Grams. 

■  +6° 

7.261 

7-309 

7-357 

7.405 

7-453 

7-502 

7.552 

7.601 

7.651 

7.701 

7 

7-751 

7.802 

7-853 

7.904 

7.956 

8.007 

8.059 

8.112 

8.164 

8.217 

8 

8.271 

8.324 

8.378 

8.432 

8.487 

8.542 

8.597 

8.652 

8.708 

8.764 

9 

8.821 

8.877 

8.934 

8.991 

9.049 

9.106 

9.165 

9.223 

9.282 

9-341 

+  10 

9.401 

9.461 

9-521 

9.582 

9-643 

9.704 

9-765 

9.827 

9.889 

9-952 

11 

10.015 

10.078 

10.142 

10.205 

10.270 

io.334 

10.400 

10.465 

10.530 

10.597 

12 

10.664 

10.730 

10.797 

10.865 

10.932 

II.OOI 

11.069 

11.138 

11.208 

11.278 

13 

11.348 

11.418 

11.489 

11.561 

11.632 

11.704 

11.777 

11.850 

11.922 

11.997 

14 

12.070 

12.144 

12.219 

12.295 

12.370 

12.446 

12.523 

12.600 

12.677 

12.754 

+  15 

12.832 

12.911 

12.990 

13.068 

13.148 

13.229 

13.309 

13-390 

13-472 

13-553 

16 

I3-635 

13.718 

13.801 

13-885 

13.969 

14-053 

14-139 

14.224 

14.309 

14-395 

17 

14.482 

14.569 

I4-657 

14.744 

I4-833 

14.922 

15.OH 

15-101 

15.191 

15.282 

18 

15.373 

15465 

15-557 

15-650 

15-743 

15-836 

15-931 

16.025 

16.121 

16.216 

19 

16.311 

16.409 

16.505 

16.603 

16.701 

16.799 

16.898 

16.998 

17.097 

17.198 

+20 

17.300 

17.401 

17.503 

17.606 

17.708 

17.812 

17.917 

18.021 

18.126 

18.232 

21 

18.338 

18.445 

i8.553 

18.660 

18.768 

18.878 

18.987 

19.097 

19.207 

I9-3I9 

22 

19.430 

19.542 

19.655 

19.769 

19.882 

19.996 

20.112 

20.227 

20.343 

20.461 

23 

20.578 

20.695 

20.814 

20.933 

21.053 

21.173 

21.295 

21.416 

21.538 

21.660 

24 

21.783 

21.907 

22.032 

22.157 

22.282 

22.409 

22.536 

22.663 

22.791 

22.920 

+25 

23.049 

23.179 

23.310 

23.442 

23-573 

23.706 

23-839 

23-973 

24.107 

24.242 

26 

24.378 

24.514 

24.651 

24.790 

24.929 

25.066 

25.206 

25-346 

25.488 

25.629 

27 

25-771 

25.915 

26.058 

26.203 

26.348 

26.494 

26.641 

26.787 

26.936 

27.084 

28 

27.234 

27.384 

27-534 

27.686 

27.837 

27.990 

28.143 

28.298 

28.453 

28.609 

29 

28.765 

28.923 

29.081 

29.239 

29.399 

29-559 

29.720 

29.881 

30.044 

30.207 

+30 

30.371 

30.535 

30.701 

30.867 

31-034 

31.202 

3I-37I 

31.540 

31.710 

31.880 

3i 

32.052 

32.225 

32-398 

32.572 

32.747 

32.923 

33.100 

33-277 

33-454 

33-633 

32 

33-8i2 

33-993 

34-175 

34.356 

34-540 

34.723 

34.909 

35-094 

35.280 

35467 

33 

35.656 

35.844 

36.034 

36.224 

36.416 

36.609 

36.801 

36.995 

37.190 

37-386 

34 

37-583 

37.78o 

37-979 

38.178 

38.378 

38.579 

38.782 

38.984 

39-i87 

39-393 

+35 

39-599 

39-805 

40.013 

40.221 

40.430 

40.640 

40.851 

41.064 

41.277 

41.491 

36 

41.706 

41.921 

42.139 

42.356 

42.575 

42.795 

43-015 

43-237 

43-459 

43-683 

37 

43.908 

44-134 

44.360 

44.587 

44.815 

45.046 

45-277 

45-507 

45-740 

45-973 

38 

46.208 

46.443 

46.680 

46.918 

47.I56 

47-396 

47.636 

47.878 

48.121 

48.365 

39 

48.609 

48.855 

49.103 

49-350 

49.600 

49.850 

50.101 

50.353 

50.606 

50.861 

+40 

5I-H7 

51-373 

51-631 

51.890 

52.150 

52.410 

52.673 

52.936 

53.200 

53466 

170 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


HYGROMETRICAL  TABLES. 


Reduction  of  psychrometric  observations  —  English  measures. 

Values  of  e  =  e'  —  0.000367  Bit  —  t')  ^1  +  “757^”)  *  *  Table  75 

Relative  humidity  —  Temperature  Fahrenheit  ....  Table  76 
Reduction  of  psychrometric  observations  —  Metric  Measures. 

Values  of  e  =  e'  —  0.000660  B  (t  —  /')  (1  +  0.001 15  t' )  .  Table  77 
Relative  humidity  —  Temperature  Centigrade  ....  Table  78 

Rate  of  decrease  of  vapor  pressure  with  altitude . Table  79 

Reduction  of  snowfall  measurements. 

Depth  of  water  corresponding  to  the  weight  of  a  cylindrical 

snow  core  2.655  inches  in  diameter . Table  80 

Depth  of  water  corresponding  to  the  weight  of  snow  (or  rain) 

collected  in  an  8-inch  gage . Table  81 

Quantity  of  rainfall  corresponding  to  given  depths  .  .  .  Table  82 


Table  75. 

REDUCTION  OF  PSYCH  ROME  TRIO  OBSERVATIONS. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 

Values  of  e  =  er  —  0.000367  B  (/  —  /')  ^1  +  “75^7“^ 


Pressure  of  Saturated  Aqueous  Vapor,  e. 


Tempera¬ 

ture. 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

-60° 

.0010 

5o 

20 

.0018 

.0017 

.0016 

.0015 

.0014 

.0013 

.0012 

.0011 

.0011 

40 

38 

36 

33 

3i 

29 

28 

26 

24 

23 

21 

30 

7i 

66 

62 

59 

55 

52 

49 

46 

43 

40 

20 

.0127 

.0120 

.0113 

.0107 

.0101 

.0095 

.0090 

.0084 

.0080 

.0075 

e  =  e'  - 

-  0.000367  B  (t  — 

0  (i-f- 

t'  —  32 

) 

\ 

I57i  , 

B 

=  30.0  inches 

i 

-  V 

t' 

.0 

.2 

.4 

.6 

.8 

1  .0 

1  .2 

1  .4 

1  .6 

1  .8 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

-20° 

.0127 

.0106 

.0085 

.0063 

.0042 

.0021 

19 

135 

1 13 

92 

7i 

49 

28 

.0007 

18 

143 

121 

.0100 

79 

57 

.  36 

.0015 

i7 

151 

130 

108 

87 

66 

44 

23 

.0002 

16 

160 

138 

117 

96 

74 

53 

32 

.0010 

15 

169 

148 

126 

.0105 

84 

62 

4i 

19 

14 

179 

157 

136 

115 

93 

72 

50 

29 

.0008 

13 

189 

168 

146 

125 

.0103 

82 

61 

39 

.0018 

12 

200 

178 

157 

136 

114 

93 

7i 

50 

29 

.0007 

11 

211 

190 

168 

147 

125 

.0104 

83 

61 

40 

.0018 

10 

223 

202 

180 

159 

137 

116 

94 

73 

52 

30 

9 

236 

214 

193 

171 

150 

128 

.0107 

85 

64 

43 

8 

249 

227 

206 

184 

163 

141 

120 

98 

77 

56 

7 

263 

241 

220 

198 

177 

155 

134 

.0112 

9i 

69 

6 

277 

256 

234 

213 

191 

170 

148 

127 

.0105 

84 

5 

292 

271 

249 

228 

206 

185 

163 

142 

120 

.0099 

4 

308 

287 

265 

244 

222 

201 

179 

158 

136 

.0115 

3 

325 

304 

282 

261 

239 

218 

196 

175 

153 

132 

2 

343 

321 

300 

278 

257 

235 

214 

192 

171 

149 

-  1 

361 

340 

318 

297 

275 

254 

232 

210 

189 

167 

±  0 

381 

359 

338 

316 

294 

273 

251 

230 

208 

187 

+  1 

401 

380 

358 

337 

3i5 

293 

272 

250 

229 

207 

2 

423 

401 

379 

358 

336 

3i5 

293 

271 

250 

228 

3 

445 

423 

402 

380 

359 

337 

315 

294 

272 

250 

4 

468 

447 

425 

404 

382 

360 

339 

3i7 

295 

274 

5 

493 

47i 

450 

428 

407 

385 

363 

342 

320 

298 

6 

519 

497 

476 

454 

432 

411 

389 

367 

346 

324 

7 

546 

524 

503 

481 

459 

438 

416 

394 

373 

35i 

8 

574 

552 

53i 

509 

487 

466 

444 

422 

401 

379 

9 

604 

582 

560 

539 

517 

495 

474 

452 

430 

408 

10 

•0635 

.0613 

.0591 

.0569 

.0548 

.0526 

.0504 

.0483 

.0461 

•0439 

-20  [ 
+  10  f 

AeXA  B 

1  +.0001 

+.0001 

+.0002 

+.0003 

+.0004 

+.0004 

+.0005 

+.0006 

+.0007 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


172 


Table  75. 

REDUCTION  OF  PSYCH  ROME  TRIG  OBSERVATIONS. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 

Values  of  e  —  e'  —  0.000367  B  (/  —  t')  (1  +  - — — ^ 

\  iS7i  / 


B  =  30.0  inches 


( 

t 

-V 

2.0 

2.2 

2.4 

2.6 

2.8 

3.0 

3.2 

3.4 

3.6 

3.8 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

-10° 

.0009 

9 

21 

8 

34 

.0013 

7 

48 

26 

.0005 

6 

62 

4i 

.0019 

5 

77 

56 

34 

.0013 

4 

93 

72 

50 

29 

.0007 

3 

.0110 

88 

67 

45 

.0024 

.0002 

2 

127 

.0106 

84 

63 

4i 

.0020 

—  1 

146 

124 

.0103 

81 

60 

38 

.0016 

±  0 

165 

144 

122 

.0100 

79 

57 

36 

.0014 

+  1 

185 

164 

142 

121 

99 

78 

56 

34 

.0013 

2 

207 

185 

163 

142 

.0120 

.0099 

77 

55 

34 

.0012 

3 

229 

207 

186 

164 

142 

.0121 

99 

78 

56 

34 

4 

252 

231 

209 

187 

166 

144 

.0122 

.0101 

79 

58  ' 

5 

277 

255 

233 

212 

190 

168 

147 

125 

.0104 

82 

6 

302 

281 

259 

237 

216 

194 

172 

I5i 

129 

.0107 

7 

329 

308 

286 

264 

243 

221 

199 

178 

156 

134 

8 

357 

336 

3i4 

292 

271 

249 

227 

205 

184 

162 

9 

387 

365 

343 

322 

300 

278 

257 

235 

213 

191 

10 

.0417 

.0396 

•0374 

•0352 

•0331 

.0309 

.0287 

.0266 

.0244 

.0222 

;lolAcxAB 

+.0007 

+.0008 

+.0009 

+.0009 

+.0010 

+.0011 

+.0012 

+.0012 

+.0013 

+.0014 

t' 

t- 

-f 

4.0 

4.2 

4.4 

4.6 

4.8 

5.0 

5.2 

5.4 

5.6 

5.8 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

3° 

.0013 

4 

36 

.0014 

5 

60 

39 

.0017 

6 

86 

64 

42 

.0021 

7 

.0113 

9i 

69 

47 

.0026 

.0004 

8 

140 

.0119 

97 

75 

54 

32 

.0010 

9 

170 

148 

.0126 

.0105 

83 

61 

40 

.0018 

10 

.0200 

.0179 

•oi57 

•0135 

.0114 

.0092 

.0070 

.0048 

.0027 

.0005 

+10  Ae  X  A  5 

+.0014 

+.0015 

+.0016 

+.0017 

+.0017 

+.0018 

+.0019 

+.0020  ■ 

+.0020 

+.0021 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


173 


Table  75 


REDUCTION  OF  PSYCH  ROME  TRIO  OBSERVATIONS. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 

Values  of  e  =  e'  —  0.000367  B(t  —  t')  ^1  +  ~~~~  ^ 

B  =  30.0  inches 


-■ 

t  -  t' 

t 

0.0 

1  .0 

2.0 

3.0 

4.0 

5.0 

6.0 

7.0 

8.0 

9.0 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

10° 

AeXAB 

+.0004 

+.0007 

+.0011 

+.0014 

+.0018 

+.0022 

+.0025 

+.0029 

+•0033 

10° 

0.063 

0.053 

0.042 

0.031 

0.020 

0.009 

11 

67 

56 

45 

34 

23 

.012 

0.002 

12 

70 

59 

48 

37 

27 

16 

5 

13 

74 

63 

52 

4i 

30 

19 

8 

14 

77 

66 

56 

45 

34 

23 

.012 

0.001 

15 

81 

70 

59 

49 

38 

27 

16 

5 

16 

85 

74 

63 

53 

42 

3i 

20 

9 

17 

89 

79 

68 

57 

46 

35 

24 

.013 

0.002 

18 

94 

83 

72 

61 

50 

39 

28 

18 

7 

19 

.099 

88 

77 

66 

55 

44 

33 

22 

11 

0.000 

20 

.103 

92 

81 

7i 

60 

49 

38 

27 

16 

•005 

21 

.108 

97 

86 

76 

65 

54 

43 

32 

21 

.010 

22 

.114 

.103 

92 

81 

70 

59 

48 

37 

26 

15 

23 

.119 

.108 

97 

86 

75 

64 

53 

42 

32 

21 

24 

.125 

.114 

.103 

92 

81 

70 

59 

48 

37 

26 

25 

•131 

.120 

.109 

98 

87 

76 

65 

54 

43 

32 

26 

.137 

.126 

•115 

.104 

93 

82 

7i 

60 

49 

38 

27 

.143 

•133 

.122 

.111 

.100 

89 

78 

67 

56 

45 

28 

.150 

.139 

.128 

.117 

.106 

95 

84 

73 

62 

5i 

29 

•157 

.146 

•135 

.124 

•11 3 

.102 

9i 

80 

69 

58 

30 

.165 

•154 

•143 

.132 

.121 

.110 

99 

88 

77 

66 

31 

.172 

.161 

.150 

•139 

.128 

•117 

.106 

95 

84 

73 

32 

.180 

.169 

.158 

.147 

.136 

.125 

.114 

.103 

92 

81 

33 

.188 

.177 

.166 

•155 

•144 

•i33 

.122 

.111 

.100 

89 

34 

•195 

.184 

•173 

.162 

•151 

.140 

.129 

.118 

.107 

96 

35 

.203 

.192 

.181 

.170 

•159 

.148 

•137 

.126 

•ii5 

.104 

36 

.212 

.201 

.190 

.179 

.168 

•157 

•  145 

•134 

.123 

.112 

37 

.220 

.209 

.198 

.187 

.176 

.165 

•  154 

•143 

.132 

.121 

38 

.229 

.218 

.207 

.196 

.185 

•  174 

.163 

•152 

.141 

.130 

39 

.238 

.227 

.216 

.205 

•194 

.183 

.172 

.161 

.150 

•139 

40 

.248 

•237 

.226 

.215 

.203 

.192 

.181 

.170 

•159 

.148 

41 

.258 

.246 

•235 

.224 

.213 

.202 

.191 

.180 

.169 

*  .158 

42 

.268 

.257 

.246 

•234 

.223 

.212 

.201 

.190 

•179 

.168 

43 

.278 

.267 

.256 

•245 

•234 

.223 

.212 

.201 

.190 

.178 

44 

.289 

.278 

.267 

.256 

•  245 

•234 

.223 

.211 

.200 

.189 

45 

.300 

.289 

.278 

.267 

.256 

•245 

•234 

.223 

.211 

.200 

46 

.312 

.301 

.290 

•279 

.268 

.256 

•245 

•  234 

.223 

.212 

47 

.324 

•3i3 

.302 

.291 

.280 

.268 

•257 

.246 

•235 

.224 

48 

•336 

.325 

•314 

•303 

.292 

.281 

.270 

•259 

.248 

•236 

49 

•349 

.338 

•327 

.316 

•305 

•294 

.283 

.271 

.260 

•  249 

50 

•363 

•351 

•340 

•329 

.318 

•307 

.296 

.285 

.274 

.262 

5i 

.376 

•365 

•354 

•343 

•332 

.321 

.309 

.298 

.287 

.276 

52 

•390 

•379 

.368 

•357 

.346 

•335 

.324 

.312 

.301 

.290 

53 

.405 

•394 

.383 

•372 

.361 

•349 

•338 

.327 

.316 

.305 

54 

.420 

.409 

•398 

.387 

.376 

•364 

•353 

•342 

•33i 

.320 

55 

•436 

425 

.414 

.402 

•39i 

.380 

•369 

.358 

•347 

•335 

56 

.452 

.441 

.430 

.419 

•407 

•396 

.385 

•374 

•363 

•352 

57 

.469 

.458 

446 

•435 

•424 

•413 

.402 

•390 

•379 

.368 

58 

.486 

•475 

•464 

•452 

•441 

•430 

.419 

.408 

•396 

•385 

59 

.504 

•493 

.481 

.470 

•459 

.448 

•437 

•425 

•414 

•403 

60 

0.522 

0.511 

0.500 

0.488 

0.477 

0.466 

0-455 

0.444 

0.432 

0.421 

60 

AeXAB 

+.0004 

+.0007 

+.0011 

+.0015 

+.0019 

+.0022 

+.0026 

+.0030 

+.0034 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


174 


Table  75. 


REDUCTION  OF  PSYCHROMETRIC  OBSERVATIONS. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 

Values  of  e  =  e'  —  0.000367  B  [t  —  tf)  1  ^ — - —  ^ 


B  =  30.00 


t  - 

-t' 

t' 

1  0 

1  1 

1  2 

1  3 

14 

15 

16 

1  7 

18 

1  9 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

30°AeX  A B 

+.0037 

+.0040 

+.0044 

+.0048 

+.0051 

+.0055 

+.0059 

+.0062 

+.0066 

+.0070 

22° 

0.004 

23 

.010 

24 

15 

25 

21 

0.010 

26 

27 

16 

0.005 

27 

34 

23 

.012 

0.001 

28 

40 

29 

18 

7 

29 

47 

36 

25 

.014 

0.003 

30 

55 

44 

33 

22 

.Oil 

0.000 

3i 

62 

5i 

40 

29 

18 

.007 

32 

70 

59 

48 

37 

26 

.015 

0.004 

33 

78 

67 

55 

44 

33 

22 

11 

0.000 

34 

85 

74 

63 

52 

4i 

30 

19 

.008 

35 

93 

82 

7i 

60 

49 

38 

27 

.016 

0.005 

36 

.101 

90 

79 

68 

57 

46 

35 

24 

.013 

0.002 

37 

.110 

99 

88 

77 

66 

55 

43 

32 

21 

.010 

38 

.119 

.108 

96 

85 

74 

63 

52 

4i 

30 

19 

39 

.128 

.117 

.105 

94 

83 

72 

61 

50 

39 

28 

40 

•137 

.126 

•ii5 

.104 

93 

82 

7i 

60 

49 

37 

41 

.147 

.136 

.125 

.114 

.103 

9i 

80 

69 

58 

47 

42 

•157 

.146 

•135 

.124 

•11 3 

.101 

90 

79 

68 

57 

43 

.167 

.156 

•145 

•134 

.123 

.112 

.101 

90 

79 

68 

44 

.178 

.167 

.156 

•145 

.134 

.123 

.112 

.100 

89 

78 

45 

.189 

.178 

.167 

.156 

•145 

•134 

.123 

.112 

.100 

89 

46 

.201 

.190 

.179 

.168 

.156 

•145 

•134 

.123 

.112 

.101 

47 

.213 

.202 

.191 

.180 

.168 

•157 

.146 

.135 

.124 

•113 

48 

.225 

.214 

.203 

.192 

.181 

.170 

•159 

•  147 

.136 

.125 

49 

.238 

.227 

.216 

.205 

•193 

.182 

•171 

.160 

.149 

.138 

50 

.251 

.240 

.229 

.218 

.207 

.196 

.184 

•173 

.162 

.151 

5i 

.265 

•254 

•243 

.231 

.220 

.209 

.198 

.187 

.176 

•  165 

52 

.279 

.268 

•257 

.246 

•234 

.223 

.212 

.201 

.190 

•179 

53 

.294 

.282 

.271 

.260 

.249 

.238 

.227 

.216 

.204 

•193 

54 

•309 

.297 

.286 

•275 

.264 

.253 

.242 

.231 

.219 

.208 

55 

•324 

•313 

.302 

.291 

.280 

.268 

•257 

.246 

•235 

.224 

56 

•340 

•329 

.318 

•307 

.296 

.285 

•273 

.262 

.251 

.240 

57 

•357 

.346 

•334 

•323 

•312 

.301 

.290 

.279 

.267 

.256 

58 

•374 

•363 

•352 

•340 

•329 

.318 

.307 

.296 

.284 

•273 

59 

•392 

.381 

•369 

.358 

•347 

•336 

.325 

•3i3 

.302 

.291 

60 

0.410 

o-399 

0.388 

0.376 

0.365 

0-354 

0-343 

0.331 

0.320 

0.309 

60  AeX  A B 

+.0037 

+.0041 

+.0045 

+.0049 

+.0052 

+.0056 

+.0060 

+.0064 

+.0067 

+.0071 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


175 


Table  75.  REDUCT|0N  0F  psYCHROMETRIC  OBSERVATIONS. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 

Values  of  e  =  e' — 0.000367  B  (t—tr)  ( 1  -j-  * — —  ) 

B  =  30.00 


20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

40°  Aex  A B 

+.0074 

+.0077 

+.0081 

+.0085 

+.0089 

+.0092 

+.0096 

i  +.0100 

+.0103 

+.0107 

38° 

0.008 

39 

.017 

0.006 

40 

26 

.015 

0.004 

4i 

36 

25 

.014 

0.003 

42 

46 

35 

24 

.013 

0.002 

43 

56 

45 

34 

23 

.012 

O.OOJ 

44 

67 

56 

45 

34 

23 

.012 

0.001 

45 

78 

67 

56 

45 

34 

23 

.012 

0.001 

46 

90 

79 

68 

57 

45 

34 

23 

.012 

0.001 

47 

.102 

9i 

79 

68 

57 

46 

35 

24 

13 

0.002 

48 

.114 

.103 

92 

81 

70 

58 

47 

36 

25 

.014 

49 

.127 

.116 

.104 

93 

82 

7i 

60 

49 

38 

27 

50 

.140 

.129 

.118 

.106 

95 

84 

73 

62 

5i 

40 

5i 

•153 

.142 

•131 

.120 

.109 

98 

87 

75 

64 

53 

52 

.167 

.156 

•145 

•134 

.123 

.112 

.101 

89 

78 

67 

53 

.182 

.171 

.160 

.149 

.137 

.126 

•115 

.104 

93 

82 

54 

.197 

.186 

•175 

.164 

.152 

.141 

.130 

.119 

.108 

97 

55 

.212 

.201 

.190 

.179 

.168 

•157 

-145 

•134 

.123 

.112 

56 

.229 

.218 

.206 

•195 

.184 

•173 

.162 

.150 

•139 

.128 

57 

•245 

•234 

.223 

.211 

.200 

.189 

.178 

.167 

.156 

.144 

58 

.262 

.251 

.240 

.228 

.217 

.206 

.195 

.184 

•173 

.161 

59 

.280 

.269 

.257 

.246 

•235 

.224 

.213 

.201 

.190 

.179 

60 

0.298 

0.287 

0.275 

0.264 

o-253 

0.242 

0.231 

0.219 

0.208 

0.197 

60  As  X  AC 

+•0075 

+.0078 

+.0082 

+.0086 

+.0090 

+.0093 

+•0097 

+.0101 

+.0105 

+.0108 

t—t' 

i’ 

30 

31 

32 

33 

34 

35 

36 

37 

38 

39 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

50°AeX  AC 

+.0111 

+.0115 

+.0119 

+.0122 

+.0126 

+.0130 

+.0134 

+.0137 

+.0141 

+.0145 

48° 

0.003 

49 

.015 

.004 

50 

29 

.017 

0.006 

5i 

42 

3i 

.020 

0.009 

52 

56 

45 

34 

.023 

O.OII 

0.000 

53 

70 

59 

48 

37 

26 

.015 

0.004 

54 

85 

74 

63 

52 

4i 

30 

.018 

0.007 

55 

.101 

90 

78 

67 

56 

45 

34 

.023 

O.OII 

0.000 

56 

.117 

.106 

95 

83 

72 

61 

50 

39 

28 

.016 

57 

•133 

.122 

.111 

.100 

88 

77 

66 

55 

44 

32 

58 

.150 

•139 

.128 

.117 

.105 

94 

83 

72 

61 

49 

59 

.168 

•157 

•145 

•134 

.123 

.112 

.101 

89 

78 

67 

60 

0.186 

o-i75 

0.163. 

0.152 

0.141 

0.130 

0.119 

0.107 

0.096 

0.085 

60  As  X  AC 

4.0112 

4-.0116 

+.0120 

+.0123 

+.0127 

+.0131 

+.0134 

+.0138 

+.0142 

+.0146 

/' 

40 

41 

42 

43 

44 

45  I 

46 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

56° 

0.005 

57 

.021 

0.010 

58 

38 

27 

0.016 

0.005 

59 

56 

45 

33 

.022 

O.OII 

0.000 

60 

0.074 

0.063 

0.051 

0.040 

0.029 

0.018 

0.007 

60  As  X  AC 

+.0149 

+•0153 

+-OI57 

+.0161 

+.0164 

+.0168 

+.0172 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


176 


Table  75, 


REDUCTION  OF  PSYCHROMETRIC  OBSERVATION. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 

Values  of  e  =  e'  —  0.000367  B  (/  —  t')  ^1  +  - 
J3 =30.00 


/' 

0.0 

1  .0 

2.0 

3.0 

4.0 

5.0 

6.0 

7.0 

8.0 

9.0 

10.0 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

60° 

AexA£ 

+.0004 

+.0007 

+.0011 

+.0015 

+.0019 

+.0022 

+.0026 

+.0030 

+.0034 

+.0037 

60° 

0.522 

0.511 

0.500 

0.488 

0-477 

0.466 

0-455 

0.444 

0.432 

0.421 

0.410 

61 

•541 

•530 

.518 

.507 

.496 

•485 

•474 

.462 

•451 

•440 

•429 

62 

.560 

•549 

.538 

•527 

.516 

.504 

•493 

.482 

.471 

•459 

.448 

63 

.580 

569 

.558 

•547 

•536 

.524 

•513 

.502 

.491 

•479 

.468 

64 

.601 

•590 

•579 

.568 

.556 

•545 

•534 

•523 

•5ii 

.500 

•489 

65 

.623 

.611 

.600 

•589 

•578 

.566 

•555 

•544 

•533 

.521 

.510 

66 

.645 

•633 

.622 

.611 

.600 

.588 

•577 

.566 

•555 

•543 

•532 

67 

.667 

.656 

•645 

.634 

.622 

.611 

.600 

•589 

•577 

.566 

•555 

68 

.691 

.680 

.668 

.657 

.646 

.635 

.623 

.612 

.601 

•590 

•578 

69 

•7i5 

•704 

.692 

.681 

.670 

.659 

.647 

.636 

.625 

.614 

.602 

70 

.740 

•729 

.717 

.706 

.695 

.684 

.672 

.661 

.650 

.638 

.627 

7i 

.766 

•754 

•743 

•732 

.720 

•709 

.698 

.687 

.675 

.664 

•653 

72 

.792 

.781 

.769 

•758 

•747 

•735 

•724 

•7i3 

.702 

.690 

.679 

73 

.819 

.808 

•797 

.785 

•774 

•763 

•75i 

•740 

•729 

.717 

.706 

74 

.847 

.836 

.824 

.813 

.802 

.791 

•779 

.768 

•757 

•745 

•734 

75 

.876 

.865 

.853 

.842 

.831 

.819 

.808 

•797 

.786 

•774 

•763 

76 

.906 

•894 

.883 

.872 

.860 

.849 

.838 

.826 

.815 

.804 

.792 

77 

•936 

•925 

.914 

.902 

.891 

.880 

.868 

•857 

.846 

•834 

.823 

78 

.968 

.956 

•945 

•934 

.922 

.911 

.900 

.888 

•877 

.866 

•854 

79 

1. 000 

.989 

•977 

.966 

•955 

•943 

•932 

.921 

•909 

.898 

.887 

80 

1-033 

1.022 

I.OII 

•999 

.988 

•977 

•965 

•954 

•943 

•93i 

.920 

81 

.068 

•056 

•045 

1.034 

1.022 

I.OII 

•999 

.988 

•977 

•965 

•954 

82 

.103 

.092 

.080 

.069 

•057 

.046 

1-035 

1.023 

1. 01 2 

1. 00 1 

•989 

83 

•139 

.128 

.116 

.105 

•094 

.082 

.071 

.060 

.048 

•037 

1.026 

84 

.176 

.165 

•154 

.142 

•131 

.120 

.108 

•097 

.086 

•074 

•063 

85 

1. 215 

1.204 

1. 192 

1.181 

1.169 

1.158 

1. 147 

I-I35 

1. 124 

1.112 

I. IOI 

86 

-254 

.243 

.232 

.220 

.209 

.197 

.186 

•175 

.163 

.152 

.140 

87 

•29S 

.284 

.272 

.261 

.249 

.238 

.227 

.215 

.204 

.192 

.181 

88 

•336 

.325 

.314 

•302 

.291 

•279 

.268 

•257 

•245 

•234 

.222 

89 

•379 

.368 

•357 

•345 

•334 

.322 

•3ii 

•300 

.288 

•277 

.265 

90 

1.423 

1.412 

1. 40 1 

1.389 

1-378 

1.366 

1-355 

I>343 

I-332 

1-321 

1.309 

9i 

.469 

•457 

.446 

•435 

•423 

.412 

.400 

•389 

•377 

.366 

•355 

92 

•515 

.504 

•492 

.481 

•470 

•458 

•447 

•435 

•424 

.412 

.401 

93 

•563 

•552 

•540 

•529 

.517 

.506 

•494 

•483 

.471 

.460 

•449 

94 

.612 

.601 

•589 

•578 

.566 

•555 

•543 

•532 

•521 

•509 

•498 

95 

1.662 

1.651 

1.640 

1.628 

1.617 

1.605 

1-594 

1.582 

I-57I 

1-559 

1.548 

96 

.714 

•703 

.691 

.680 

.668 

•657 

.646 

•634 

.623 

.611 

.600 

97 

.767 

.756 

•744 

•733 

.722 

.710 

.699 

.687 

.776 

.664 

•653 

98 

.822 

.811 

•799 

.788 

.776 

•765 

•753 

•742 

•730 

.719 

•707 

99 

.878 

.867 

•855 

•844 

.832 

.821 

.809 

•798 

.786 

•775 

.763 

100 

1.936 

1.924 

I-9I3 

1.901 

1.890 

1.878 

1.867 

i-855 

1.844 

1.832 

1.821 

IOI 

•994 

•983 

•972 

.960 

•949 

•937 

.926 

.914 

•903 

.891 

.880 

102 

2.055 

2.043 

2.032 

2.020 

2.009 

•997 

.986 

•974 

•963 

•951 

•940 

103 

.117 

.106 

•094 

.083 

.071 

2.060 

2.048 

2.037 

2.025 

2.014 

2.002 

104 

.181 

.169 

.158 

.146 

•135 

.123 

.112 

.100 

.089 

•077 

.066 

105 

2.246 

2-235 

2.223 

2.212 

2.200 

2.189 

2.177 

2.166 

2.154 

2.143 

2.131 

106 

.314 

.302 

.290 

.279 

.267 

.256 

•244 

•233 

.221 

.210 

.198 

107 

.382 

•37i 

•359 

•348 

•336 

•325 

•3i3 

.302 

.290 

.278 

.267 

108 

•453 

.441 

•430 

.418 

•407 

•395 

•384 

•372 

.361 

•349 

•337 

109 

•525 

•5i4 

.502 

.491 

•479 

.467 

•456 

•444  . 

•433 

.421 

.410 

no 

2-599 

2.588 

2.576 

2.565 

2-553 

2.542 

2.530 

2.519 

2.507 

2-495 

2.484 

110 

AeXAB 

+.0004 

+.0008 

+.0012 

+.015 

+.0019 

+.0023 

+.0027 

+.0031 

+.0035 

+.0039 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


177 


Table  75. 


REDUCTION  OF  PSYCHROM ETRIC  OBSERVATIONS. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Values  of  e  =  e!  —  0.000367  B  (t  —  /' 


>( 


1  + 


t'  ~  3  A 

i57i  / 


B  =  30.00 


t' 

/  - 

0.0 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

1  6 

17 

18 

19 

20 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

60° 

AexAB 

+.004 1 

+•0045 

+.0049 

+.0052 

+.0056 

+.0060 

+.0063 

+.0067 

+.0071 

+.0075 

60° 

0.522 

0-399 

0.388 

0.376 

0.365 

0-354 

0-343 

0.331 

0.320 

0.309 

0.298 

61 

•541 

0.418 

.406 

•395 

•384 

•373 

•361 

•350 

•339 

.328 

•317 

62 

.560 

•437 

.426 

.415 

•403 

•392 

.381 

•370 

•358 

•347 

•336 

63 

.580 

•457 

.446 

•435 

•423 

.412 

.401 

•390 

.378 

•367 

•356 

64 

.601 

.478 

.466 

•455 

•444 

•433 

.422 

.410 

•399 

.388 

•377 

65 

.623 

•499 

.488 

.476 

.465 

•454 

•443 

•43i 

.420 

•409 

•398 

66 

.645 

.521 

.510 

•498 

•487 

.476 

.465 

•453 

.442 

•43i 

.420 

67 

.667 

•544 

•532 

.521 

.510 

•499 

•487 

•476 

•465 

•454 

•442 

68 

.691 

.567 

.556 

•544 

•533 

.522 

•5ii 

•499 

.488 

•477 

.466 

69 

•7i5 

•59i 

.580 

.568 

•557 

•546 

•535 

•523 

.512 

.501 

•490 

70 

.740 

.616 

.605 

•593 

.582 

•57i 

•559 

.548 

•537 

.526 

•5i4 

7i 

.766 

.641 

.630 

.619 

.608 

•596 

.585 

•574 

.562 

•55i 

•540 

72 

.792 

.668 

.656 

•645 

•634 

.623 

.611 

.600 

•589 

•577 

.566 

73 

.819 

•695 

.684 

.672 

.661 

.650 

.638 

.627 

.616 

.604 

•593 

74 

.847 

•723 

.711 

.700 

.689 

.678 

.666 

.655 

•644 

.632 

.621 

75 

.876 

•752 

•740 

•729 

.718 

.706 

•695 

.684 

.672 

.661 

.650 

76 

.906 

.781 

.770 

.758 

•747 

•736 

•725 

•713 

.702 

.691 

•679 

77 

•936 

.812 

.800 

.789 

.778 

.766 

•755 

•744 

•732 

.721 

.710 

78 

.968 

•843 

.832 

.820 

.809 

•798 

.786 

•775 

•764 

•752 

.741 

79 

1. 000 

•875 

.864 

.853 

.841 

•830 

.819 

.807 

•796 

.785 

•773 

80 

1-033 

•909 

•897 

.886 

•875 

.863 

.852 

.841 

.829 

.818 

.806 

81 

.068 

•943 

•93i 

.920 

•909 

•897 

.886 

.875 

.863 

.852 

.841 

82 

.103 

•978 

.967 

•955 

•944 

•932 

.921 

.910 

.898 

.887 

.876 

83 

•139 

1.014 

1.003 

.991 

.980 

.969 

•957 

•946 

•935 

•923 

.912 

84 

.176 

.051 

.040 

1.029 

1. 01 7 

1.006 

•995 

•983 

.972 

.960 

•949 

85 

1. 215 

1.090 

1.078 

1.067 

1.056 

i.044 

1-033 

1.02 1 

I.OIO 

•999 

•987 

86 

-254 

.129 

.118 

.106 

•095 

.083 

.072 

.061 

•049 

1.038 

1.027 

87 

.295 

.170 

.158 

.147 

•135 

.124 

•1 13 

.101 

.090 

.078 

.067 

88 

.336 

.211 

.200 

.188 

.177 

.165 

•154 

•143 

•131 

.120 

.108 

89 

•379 

•254 

.242 

.231 

.220 

.208 

.197 

.185 

.174 

.163 

•151 

90 

1.423 

1.298 

1.286 

1-275 

1.264 

1.252 

1. 241 

1.229 

1.218 

1.206 

I-I95 

91 

.469 

•343 

•332 

.320 

•309 

•297 

.286 

•275 

•263 

.252 

.240 

92 

•5i5 

•390 

•378 

•367 

•355 

•344 

•332 

.321 

.310 

.298 

.287 

93 

•563 

•437 

.426 

.414 

•403 

•39 1 

.380 

•369 

•357 

.346 

•334 

94 

.612 

.486 

•475 

•463 

•452 

•440 

•429 

.418 

.406 

•395 

.383 

95 

1.662 

1-537 

1-525 

I-5I4 

1.502 

I-49I 

1.479 

1.468 

1.456 

1-445 

1-433 

96 

.714 

.588 

•577 

•565 

•554 

•542 

•53i 

.520 

.508 

•497 

.485 

97 

.767 

.641 

.630 

.618 

.607 

•595 

•584 

.572 

.561 

•550 

.538 

98 

.822 

.696 

.684 

•673 

.661 

.650 

.638 

.627 

.615 

.604 

•593 

99 

.878 

•752 

•740 

•729 

.717 

.706 

•694 

.683 

.671 

.660 

.648 

100 

j-936 

1.809 

1.798 

1.786 

1-775 

1-763 

1.752 

1.740 

1.729 

1. 717 

1.706 

IOI 

•994 

.868 

.857 

•845 

.834 

.822 

.811 

•799 

.788 

•776 

.765 

102 

2.055 

.928 

.917 

.905 

•894 

.882 

.871 

•859 

.848 

.836 

.825 

103 

.117 

.991 

•979 

.968 

•956 

•944 

•933 

.921 

.910 

.898 

.887 

104 

.181 

2.054 

2.043 

2.031 

2.020 

2.008 

•997 

•985 

•974 

.962 

•95i 

105 

2.246 

2.120 

2.108 

2.097 

2.085 

2.073 

2.062 

2.050 

2.039 

2.027 

2.016 

106 

.314 

.187 

•175 

.164 

.152 

.141 

.129 

.118 

.196 

•094 

.083 

107 

.382 

•255 

•244 

.232 

.221 

.209 

.198 

.186 

•175 

.163 

.152  ' 

108 

•453 

.326 

•3i4 

.302 

.291 

.280 

.268 

•257 

•245 

.234 

.222 

109 

•525 

•398 

.387 

•375 

•364 

•352 

•340 

•329 

•3i7 

.306 

•294 

no 

2-599 

2.472 

2.461 

2.449 

2.438 

2.426 

2.414 

2.403 

2.391 

2.380 

2.368 

no 

AcXAB 

+.0042 

+.0046 

+.0050 

+.0054 

+.0058 

+.0062 

+.0065 

+.0069 

+.0073 

+.0077 

SM'THSONIAN  Tables. 


178 


Table  75 


REDUCTION  OF  PSYCHROM ETR1C  OBSERVATIONS. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Values  of  e=e’ — 0.000367  B  (t—t') 
B— 30.00 


V 

t-t' 

0.0 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

60° 

Ae  X  A# 

+.0078 

+.0082 

+.0086 

+.0090 

+.0093 

+.0097 

+.0101 

+.0105 

+.0108 

+.0112 

60° 

0.522 

0.287 

0.275 

0.264 

0.253 

0.242 

0.231 

0.219 

0.208 

0.197 

0.186 

61 

.54i 

0.305 

.294 

.283 

.272 

.261 

•  249 

.238 

.227 

.216 

.205 

62 

.560 

•325 

.314 

.302 

.291 

.280 

.269 

•257 

.246 

•235 

.224 

63 

.580 

•345 

•334 

.322 

.311 

.300 

.289 

•277 

.266 

•255 

•244 

64 

.601 

•365 

•354 

•343 

•33  2 

.320 

•309 

.298 

.287 

.276 

.264 

65 

.623 

•387 

•375 

.364 

•353 

•342 

•330 

•3i9 

.308 

•297 

.285 

66 

.645 

.408 

•397 

.386 

•375 

.363 

•352 

•34i 

•330 

•3i9 

•307 

67 

.667 

•431 

.420 

•409 

•397 

.386 

•375 

.364 

•352 

•341 

•330 

68 

.691 

•454 

•443 

432 

.421 

•409 

•398 

•387 

•376 

.364 

•353 

69 

•7i5 

•478 

.467 

456 

•445 

•433 

.422 

.411 

•399 

.388 

•377 

70 

.740 

•503 

•492 

.481 

.469 

458 

•447 

•435 

•424 

•413 

.402 

7i 

.766 

•529 

•5i7 

.506 

•495 

.483 

.472 

.461 

•450 

•438 

.427 

72 

.792 

•555 

•544 

•532 

.521 

•5io 

•498 

.487 

.476 

.464 

•453 

73 

.819 

.582 

•57i 

•559 

.548 

•537 

.525 

.514 

•503 

•491 

.480 

74 

.847 

.610 

.598 

•587 

•576 

.564 

•553 

•542 

53i 

•5i9 

.508 

75 

.876 

.638 

.627 

.616 

.605 

•593 

.582 

•57i 

•559 

•548 

•537 

76 

.906 

.668 

.657 

.645 

.634 

.623 

.611 

.600 

•589 

•577 

.566 

77 

•936 

.698 

.687 

.676 

.664 

•653 

.642 

.630 

•619 

.608 

.596 

78 

.968 

•730 

.718 

•707 

.696 

.684 

.673 

.662 

.650 

•639 

.628 

79 

1. 000 

.762 

•75i 

•739 

.728 

.717 

•705 

.694 

.683 

.671 

.660 

80 

1-033 

•795 

.784 

.772 

.761 

•750 

•738 

•727 

.716 

•704 

•693 

81 

.068 

.829 

.818 

.806 

•795 

.784 

•772 

.761 

•750 

.738 

•727 

82 

.103 

.864 

.853 

.842 

.830 

.819 

.808 

.796 

.785 

•773 

.762 

83 

•139 

.900 

.889 

.878 

.866 

•855 

.844 

.832 

.821 

.810 

•798 

84 

.176 

•938 

.926 

.915 

•904 

.892 

.881 

.869 

.858 

•847 

•835 

85 

1. 215 

.976 

•965 

•953 

•942 

•930 

•9I9 

.908 

.896 

.885 

.873 

86 

-254 

1.015 

1.004 

•992 

.981 

•970 

.958 

•947 

•935 

•924 

•9i3 

87 

.295 

.056 

•044 

1-033 

1.021 

1. 010 

•999 

•987 

.976 

.964 

•953 

88 

•336 

•097 

.086 

•074 

.063 

.051 

1.040 

1.029 

1.017 

1.006 

•994 

89 

•379 

.140 

.128 

.117 

.106 

•094 

.083 

.071 

.060 

•049 

1.037 

90 

1.423 

1.184 

1. 172 

1.161 

I-I49 

1.138 

1. 127 

1.115 

1. 104 

1.092 

1. 08 1 

9i 

.469 

.229 

.217 

.206 

•195 

.183 

.172 

.160 

.149 

.138 

.126 

92 

.515 

•275 

.264 

.252 

.241 

.230 

.218 

.207 

.195 

.184 

.172 

93 

•563 

.323 

•3ii 

.300 

.288 

•277 

.266 

•254 

•243 

.231 

.220 

94 

.612 

•372 

.360 

•349 

•337 

.326 

•3i5 

.303 

.292 

.280 

.269 

95 

1.662 

1.422 

1.411 

1-399 

1.388 

1.376 

1-365 

1-353 

1.342 

1-330 

I-3I9 

96 

.714 

•474 

.462 

•45i 

•439 

.428 

.416 

•405 

•393 

.382 

•37i 

97 

.767 

•527 

•5i5 

.504 

•492 

.481 

.469 

•458 

.446 

•435 

•423 

98 

.822 

.581 

•570 

.558 

•547 

•535 

.524 

.512 

.501 

•489 

•478 

99 

.878 

.637 

.625 

.614 

.602 

•59i 

.580 

.568 

•557 

•545 

•534 

100 

1.936 

1.694 

1.683 

1.671 

1.660 

1.648 

1.637 

1.625 

1.614 

1.602 

I-59I 

IOI 

•994 

•753 

.742 

•730 

.719 

.707 

.696 

.684 

•673 

.661 

.650 

102 

2.055 

.813 

.802 

•790 

•779 

.767 

•756 

•744 

•733 

.721 

.710 

103 

.117 

.875 

.864 

.852 

.841 

.829 

.818 

.806 

•795 

.783 

•772 

104 

.181 

•939 

.928 

.916 

•905 

•893 

.882 

.870 

.858 

•847 

.835 

105 

2.246 

2.004 

I-993 

1.981 

1.970 

1.958 

1.947 

1-935 

1.924 

1.912 

1. 901 

ic6 

.314 

.071 

2.060 

2.048 

2.037 

2.025 

2.034 

2.002 

.991 

•979 

.968 

107 

•382 

.140 

.129 

.117 

.105 

.094 

.082 

.071 

2.059 

2.048 

2.036 

108 

•453 

.211 

.199 

.187 

.176 

.164 

•153 

.141 

.130 

.118 

.107 

109 

•525 

.283 

.271 

.260 

.248 

.236 

.225 

.213 

.202 

.190 

.179 

no 

2-599 

2-357 

2-345 

2-334 

2.322 

2.310 

2.299 

2.287 

2.276 

2.264 

2-253 

no 

AeX  A  B 

+.0081 

+.0085 

+.C089 

+.0092 

+.C096 

+.0100 

+.0104 

+.0108 

+.0112 

+.0116 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


179 


Table  75 


REDUCTION  OF  PSYCHROMETRIC  OBSERVATIONS. 


ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Values  of  e 

=,  e'  -  0. 

.000367  B  {t  -  i 

B  =  30.00 

) 

t' 

t-i’ 

0.0 

31 

32 

33 

34 

35 

36 

37 

38 

39 

40 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

60° 

AgX  A  B 

+.0116 

+.0120 

+.0123 

+.0127 

+.0131 

+.0134 

+.0138 

+.0142 

+.0146 

+.0149 

60° 

0.522 

0.175 

0.163 

0.152 

0.141 

0.130 

0.119 

0.107 

0.096 

0.085 

0.074 

6i 

•541 

•193 

.182 

.171 

.160 

.148 

•137 

.126 

•115 

.104 

.092 

62 

.560 

.213 

.201 

.190 

.179 

.168 

.156 

•145 

.134 

.123 

.112 

63 

.580 

.232 

.221 

.210 

.199 

.188 

.176 

.165 

.154 

•143 

•131 

64 

.601 

•253 

.242 

.231 

.219 

.208 

.197 

.186 

.174 

.163 

.152 

65 

.623 

•  274 

.263 

.252 

.240 

.229 

.218 

.207 

•195 

.184 

•173 

66 

.645 

.296 

.285 

•274 

.262 

•251 

.240 

.229 

.217 

.206 

•195 

67 

.667 

.318 

•307 

.296 

.285 

•273 

.262 

.251 

.240 

.228 

.217 

68 

.691 

•342 

•330 

•3i9 

.308 

•297 

.285 

•274 

.263 

.252 

.240 

69 

•7i5 

•366 

•354 

•343 

•332 

.321 

•309 

.298 

.287 

•275 

.264 

70 

.740 

•390 

•379 

.368 

•357 

•345 

•334 

•323 

•3ii 

.300 

.289 

7i 

.766 

.416 

.404 

•393 

.382 

•37i 

•359 

•348 

•337 

.325 

•314 

72 

.792 

•442 

•43i 

.419 

.408 

•397 

.385 

•374 

•363 

.352 

•340 

73 

.819 

.469 

.458 

.446 

•435 

•424 

.412 

.401 

•390 

•379 

•367 

74 

.847 

.496 

•485 

•474 

•463 

•45i 

•440 

.429 

.418 

.406 

•395 

75 

.876 

.525 

.514 

•503 

.491 

.480 

.469 

•457 

.446 

•435 

•424 

76 

.906 

•555 

•543 

•532 

.521 

•509 

498 

.487 

.476 

.464 

•453 

77 

•936 

.585 

•574 

.562 

•55i 

•540 

•529 

•5i7 

•506 

•495 

•483 

78 

.968 

.616 

.605 

•594 

.582 

•57i 

.56c 

.548 

•537 

.526 

•5i4 

79 

1. 000 

.649 

•637 

.626 

.615 

.603 

•592 

.581 

•569 

.558 

•547 

80 

1-033 

.682 

.670 

•659 

.648 

.636 

.625 

.614 

.602 

•59i 

.580 

81 

.068 

.716 

•704 

•693 

.682 

.67c 

•659 

.648 

.636 

•625 

.613 

82 

.103 

.75i 

•739 

.728 

.717 

.705 

.694 

.683 

.671 

.  660 

.648 

83 

•139 

.787 

•775 

.764 

•753 

.741 

•73C 

.719 

•707 

.696 

.685 

84 

.176 

.824 

.813 

.801 

•790 

.778 

.767 

•756 

•744 

•733 

.722 

85 

1.215 

.862 

•851 

•839 

.828 

.817 

.805 

•794 

.782 

.771 

.760 

86 

•254 

.901 

.890 

.878 

.867 

.856 

•844 

•833 

.822 

.810 

•799 

87 

.295 

.942 

•930 

•9X9 

.907 

.896 

.885 

.873 

.862 

.850 

•839 

88 

•336 

•983 

•972 

.960 

•949 

•937 

.926 

•9i5 

•9C3 

.892 

.880 

89 

•379 

1.026 

1.014 

1.003 

•99 1 

.980 

.960 

•957 

.946 

•934 

•923 

90 

1.423 

1.069 

1.058 

1-047 

1-035 

1.024 

1. 01 2 

1. 00 1 

.990 

•978 

967 

91 

.469 

•115 

.103 

.092 

.08c 

.069 

.058 

.046 

1-035 

1.023 

1.012 

92 

•515 

.161 

.150 

.138 

.127 

.115 

.104 

.092 

.081 

.070 

.058 

93 

•563 

.208 

.197 

.186 

.174 

.163 

■151 

.140 

.128 

.117 

.105 

94 

.612 

•257 

.246 

.234 

.223 

.212 

.200 

.189 

.177 

.166 

•154 

95 

1.662 

1.308 

1.296 

1.285 

1.273 

1.262 

1.250 

1.239 

1.227 

1.216 

1.204 

96 

.714 

•359 

.348 

•336 

•325 

•3i3 

.302 

.290 

•279 

.267 

•256 

97 

.767 

.412 

.401 

•389 

.378 

.366 

•355 

•343 

•332 

.320 

•309 

98 

•  .822 

.466 

•455 

•443 

.432 

.420 

.409 

•398 

.386 

•375 

•363 

99 

.878 

.522 

.511 

•499 

.488 

.476 

.465 

•453 

•442 

•430 

.419 

100 

1.936 

1-579 

1.568 

1-556 

1-545 

1-533 

1.522 

1. 510 

1.499 

1.488 

1.476 

IOI 

•994 

.638 

.627 

.615 

.604 

•592 

.581 

•569 

.558 

•546 

•535 

102 

2.055 

.698 

.687 

.675 

.664 

.652 

.641 

.629 

.618 

.606 

•595 

103 

.117 

.760 

•749 

•737 

.726 

.714 

•703 

.691 

.680 

.668 

.657 

104 

.181 

.824 

.812 

.801 

•789 

•778 

.766 

•755 

•743 

•732 

.720 

105 

2.246 

1.889 

1.878 

1.866 

1.855 

1.843 

1.832 

1.820 

1.808 

1.797 

1-785 

106 

.314 

.956 

•945 

•933 

.922 

.910 

.898 

.887 

.875 

.864 

.852 

107 

.382 

2.025 

2.013 

2.002 

•990 

•979 

.967 

•955 

•944 

•932 

.921 

108 

•453 

.095 

.084 

.072 

2.060 

2.049 

2.037 

2.026 

2.014 

2.003 

.991  ! 

109 

2.525 

2.167 

2.156 

2.144 

2.133 

2.121 

2.109 

2.098 

2.086 

2.075 

2.063 

no 

AeX  A B 

+.0119 

+.0123 

+.0127 

+.0131 

+•0135 

+•0139 

+.0143 

+.0146 

+.0150 

+.0154 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

180 


Table  75. 

REDUCTION  OF  PS YCHROMETRIC  OBSERVATIONS. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Values  of  e  =  e'—  0.000367  B  {l  —  t ')  ^1  +  - 
jB  =  30.00 


tr 

t  -  t' 

0.0 

41 

42 

43 

44 

45 

46 

47 

48 

49 

50 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

0 

0 

to 

AexA# 

+.0153 

+.0157 

+.0161 

+.0164 

+.0168 

+.0172 

+.0176 

+.0179 

+.0183 

+.0187 

60° 

0.522 

0.063 

0.051 

0.040 

0.029 

0.018 

0.007 

61 

•S4i 

.081 

.070 

•059 

.048 

•036 

.025 

0.014 

0.003 

62 

.560 

.100 

.089 

.078 

.067 

•055 

•044 

•033 

.022 

O.OII 

63 

.580 

.120 

.109 

.098 

.087 

•075 

.064 

•053 

.042 

.030 

0.019 

64 

.601 

.141 

.129 

.118 

.107 

.096 

.085 

•0  73 

.062 

.051 

.040 

65 

.623 

.162 

.150 

•139 

.128 

.117 

.105 

•094 

.083 

.072 

.061 

66 

.645 

.184 

.172 

.161 

.150 

•139 

.127 

.116 

.105 

•094 

.082 

67 

.667 

.206 

•195 

.183 

.172 

.161 

.150 

.138 

.127 

.116 

.105 

68 

.691 

.229 

.218 

.207 

•195 

.184 

•173 

.162 

.150 

•139 

.128 

69 

.715 

•253 

.242 

.230 

.219 

.208 

.197 

.185 

.174 

.163 

.152 

70 

.740 

.278 

.266 

•255 

•  244 

•  232 

.221 

.210 

.199 

.187 

.176 

7i 

.766 

•303 

.292 

.280 

.269 

.258 

.246 

•235 

.224 

•  213 

.201 

72 

.792 

•329 

.318 

.306 

•295 

.284 

•2  73 

.261 

.250 

•239 

.227 

73 

.819 

.356 

•345 

•333 

.322 

•3ii 

•299 

.288 

.277 

.266 

•254 

74 

.847 

.384 

•372 

.361 

•350 

•338 

•327 

.316 

•304 

•293 

.282 

75 

.876 

.412 

.401 

•390 

•378 

•367 

•356 

•344 

•333 

.322 

.310 

76 

.906 

442 

•430 

.419 

.408 

•396 

.385 

•374 

.362 

•35i 

•340 

77 

.936 

•472 

.461 

•449 

■A3  8 

•427 

•415 

•404 

•393 

.381 

•370 

78 

.968 

•503 

•492 

.480 

.469 

458 

.446 

•435 

•424 

.412 

.401 

79 

1. 000 

•535 

.524 

•513 

.501 

•490 

•478 

.467 

•456 

•444 

•433 

80 

1.033 

.568 

•557 

•546 

•534 

.523 

•5ii 

.500 

•489 

•477 

.466 

81 

.068 

.602 

.591 

•579 

.568 

•557 

•545 

•534 

•523 

•5ii 

.500 

82 

.103 

.637 

.626 

.614 

.603 

•592 

.580 

•569 

.558 

.546 

•535 

83 

.139 

.673 

.662 

.650 

•639 

.628 

.616 

.605 

•594 

.582 

•57i 

84 

.176 

.710 

.699 

.687 

.676 

.665 

.653 

.642 

.631 

.619 

.608 

85 

1. 215 

.748 

•737 

.725 

.714 

•703 

.691 

.680 

.669 

•657 

.646 

86 

•  254 

.787 

.776 

.765 

•75  3 

•742 

•730 

.719 

.708 

.696 

.685 

87 

.295 

.828 

.816 

.805 

•793 

.782 

.771 

•759 

.748 

•737 

•725 

88 

.336 

.869 

.858 

.846 

.835 

.823 

.812 

.801 

•789 

•778 

.766 

89 

•379 

.912 

.900 

.889 

.877 

.866 

•855 

•843 

.832 

.820 

.809 

90 

1.423 

•955 

•944 

•932 

.921 

.910 

.898 

.887 

.875 

.864 

.853 

9i 

.469 

1. 000 

•989 

•978 

.966 

•955 

•943 

•932 

.920 

•909 

.898 

92 

•5i5 

.047 

1-035 

1.024 

1.012 

I.OOI 

•989 

•978 

.967 

•955 

•944 

93 

.563 

.094 

.083 

.071 

.c6o 

.048 

1.037 

1.025 

1.014 

1.003 

.991 

94 

.612 

•  143 

.131 

.120 

.109 

•097 

.086 

.074 

•063 

.051 

1.040 

95 

1.662 

1.193 

1.182 

1. 170 

I-I59 

I-I47 

1.136 

1. 124 

1.113 

1. 101 

1.090 

96 

.714 

.244 

•233 

.222 

.210 

.199 

.187 

.176 

.164 

•153 

.141 

97 

.767 

.297 

•.286 

•274 

.263 

.251 

.240 

.229 

.217 

.206 

.194 

98 

.822 

•352 

•340 

•329 

•3i7 

.306 

•294 

.283 

.271 

.260 

.248 

99 

1.878 

1.407 

1.396 

1.384 

1-373 

1.361 

i-35o 

1.338 

1.327 

1.316 

1.304 

100 

AeX  A£ 

+.0157 

+.0161 

+.0165 

+.0168 

+.0172 

+.0176 

+0.180 

+.0184 

+.0188 

+.0191 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


l8l 


Table  75. 

REDUCTION  OF  PSYCHROMETRIC  OBSERVATIONS. 

ENGLISH  MEASURES. 


Values  of  e  =  e'  —  0.000367  B  (t—t')(i  +  - - — 

\  1571  . 

B  =  30.00 


t’ 

*  - 

0.0 

51 

52 

53 

54 

55 

56 

57 

58 

59 

60 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

70° 

Ae  x  A5 

+.0192 

+.0195 

+.0199 

+.0203 

+.0207 

+.0210 

+.0214 

+.0218 

+.0222 

+.0226 

62° 

0.560 

63 

.580 

0.008 

64 

.601 

0.028 

0.017 

0.006 

65 

.623 

.049 

.038 

.027 

0.016 

0.004 

66 

•645 

.071 

.060 

.049 

•0  37 

.026 

0.015 

0.004 

67 

.667 

•093 

.082 

.071 

.060 

.048 

•0  37 

.026 

c.015 

0.003 

68 

.691 

.116 

.105 

.094 

.083 

.071 

.060 

.049 

.038 

.026 

0.015 

69 

•7i5 

.140 

.129 

.118 

.106 

•095 

.084 

•073 

.061 

.050 

•039 

70 

.740 

.165 

•154 

.142 

•1 3i 

.120 

.108 

.097 

.086 

•075 

.063 

7i 

.766 

.190 

.179 

.167 

.156 

•145 

•134 

.122 

.111 

.100 

.089 

72 

.792 

.216 

.205 

.194 

.182 

.171 

.160 

.148 . 

•137 

.126 

.114 

73 

.819 

•  243 

.232 

.220 

.209 

.198 

.186 

•175 

.164 

•153 

.141 

74 

•847 

.271 

•259 

.248 

•237 

.225 

.214 

.203 

.191 

.180 

.169 

75 

.876 

•299 

.288 

.276 

.265 

•254 

•243 

.231 

.220 

.209 

.197 

76 

.906 

.328 

•3i7 

.306 

•294 

.283 

.272 

.260 

•249 

.238 

.226 

77 

•936 

•359 

•347 

.336 

•325 

•313 

.302 

.291 

•279 

.268 

•257 

78 

.968 

•390 

•378 

•367 

•356 

•344 

•333 

.322 

.310 

•299 

.288 

79 

I.OCO 

.422 

.410 

•399 

.388 

•376 

•365 

•354 

•342 

•33i 

•320 

80 

1-033 

•455 

•443 

•432 

.421 

•409 

•398 

.387 

•375 

•364 

•353 

81 

.068 

•489 

•477 

.466 

•455 

•443 

•432 

.420 

•409 

•398 

.386 

82 

-ic3 

.524 

.512 

.501 

.489 

•478 

.467 

•455 

•444 

•433 

.421 

83 

•139 

•559 

•548 

•537 

•525 

•5i4 

•503 

.491 

.480 

.469 

•457 

84 

.176 

•596 

•585 

•574 

.562 

•551 

•540 

.528 

•5i7 

•505 

•494 

85 

1. 215 

•634 

.623 

.612 

.6co 

•589 

.578 

.566 

•555 

•543 

•532 

86 

•254 

•673 

.662 

.651 

.639 

.628 

.617 

.605 

•594 

.582 

•57i 

87 

•295 

.714 

.702 

.691 

.680 

.668 

•657 

•645 

•634 

.623 

.611 

88 

•336 

•755 

•744 

•732 

.721 

.709 

.698 

.687 

•675 

-  .664 

.652 

89 

1-379 

0.798 

0.786 

0-775 

0.763 

0.752 

0.740 

0.729 

0.718 

0.706 

0.695 

90 

AeX  A  B 

+.0194 

+.0198 

+.0202 

+.0205 

+.0209 

+.0213 

+.0217 

+.0221 

+.0225 

+.0228 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


182 


RELATIVE  HUMIDITY. 

TEMPERATURES  FAHRENHEIT. 


Table  76 


Air 

Temper¬ 

ature. 

RELATIVE 

HUMIDITY,  OR  PERCENTAGE  OF  SATURATION. 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

60 

70 

80 

90 

100 

F. 

Vapor  pressure  (inches). 

-30° 

0.0007 

0.0014 

0.0021 

0.0028 

0.0035 

0.0042 

0.0049 

0.0056 

0.0063 

0.0071 

29 

.0007 

.0015 

.0022 

.0030 

.0037 

.0045 

.0052 

.0060 

.0067 

.0075 

28 

.0008 

.0016 

.0024 

.0032 

.0040 

.0048 

.0056 

.0064 

.0072 

.0080 

27 

.0008 

.0017 

.0025 

.0034 

.0042 

.0051 

.0059 

.0068 

.0076 

.0084 

26 

.0009 

.0018 

.0027 

.0036 

.0045 

.0054 

.0063 

.0072 

.0081 

.0090 

-25 

0.0010 

0.0019 

0.0029 

0.0038 

0.0048 

0.0057 

0.0067 

0.0076 

0.0086 

0.0095 

24 

.0010 

.0020 

.0030 

.0040 

.0050 

.0060 

.0071 

.0081 

.0091 

.0101 

23 

.0011 

.0021 

.0032 

.0043 

•0053 

.0064 

.0075 

.0086 

.0096 

.0107 

22 

.0011 

.0023 

.0034 

.0045 

.0057 

.0068 

.0079 

.0091 

.0102 

.0113 

21 

.0012 

.0024 

.0036 

.0048 

.0060 

.0072 

.0084 

.0096 

.0108 

.0120 

-20 

0.0013 

0.0025 

0.0038 

0.0051 

0.0064 

0.0076 

0.0089 

0.0102 

0.0114 

0.0127 

19 

.0013 

.0027 

.0040 

.0054 

.0067 

.0081 

.0094 

.0108 

.0121 

•0135 

18 

.0014 

.0029 

.0043 

.0057 

.0071 

.0086 

.0100 

.0114 

.0128 

.0143 

17 

.0015 

.0030 

.0045 

.0060 

.0076' 

.0091 

.0106 

.0121 

.0136 

.0151 

16 

.0016 

.0032 

.0048 

.0064 

.0080 

.0096 

.0112 

.0128 

.0144 

.0160 

-15 

0.0017 

0.0034 

0.0051 

0.0068 

0.0084 

O.OIOI 

0.0118 

0.0135 

0.0152 

0.0169 

14 

.0018 

.0036 

.0054 

.0071 

.0089 

.0107 

.0125 

.0143 

.0161 

.0179 

13 

.0019 

.0038 

.0057 

.0076 

.0094 

.0113 

.0132 

.0151 

.0170 

.0189 

12 

.0020 

.0040 

.0060 

.0080 

.0100 

.0120 

.0140 

.0160 

.0180 

.0200 

11 

.0021 

.0042 

.0063 

.00*84 

.0106 

.0127 

.0148 

.0169 

.0190 

.0211 

-10 

0.0022 

0.0045 

0.0067 

0.0089 

0.0112 

O.OI34 

0.0156 

0.0178 

0.0201 

0.0223 

9 

.0024 

.0047 

.0071 

.0094 

.0118 

.0141 

.0165 

.0188 

.0212 

.0236 

8 

.0025 

.0050 

.0075 

.0099 

.0124 

.OI49 

.0174 

.0199 

.0224 

.0249 

7 

.0026 

•0053 

.0079 

.0105 

.0131 

.OI58 

.0184 

.0210 

.0236 

.0263 

6 

.0028 

•0055 

.0083 

.0111 

.0139 

.Ol66 

.0194 

.0222 

.0249 

.0277 

-  5 

0.0029 

0.0058 

0.0088 

0.0117 

0.0146 

O.OI75 

0.0205 

0.0234 

0.0263 

O.O292 

4 

.0031 

.0062 

.0093 

.0123 

.0154 

.OI85 

.0216 

.0247 

.0278 

.0308 

3 

.0033 

.0065 

.0098 

.0130 

.0163 

.OI95 

.0228 

.0260 

.0293 

.0325 

2 

.0034 

.0069 

.0103 

.0137 

.0171 

.0206 

.0240 

.0274 

.0309 

•0343 

1 

.0036 

,  .0072 

.0108 

.0145 

.0181 

.0217 

•0253 

.0289 

•0325 

.0361 

±0 

0.0038 

0.0076 

0.0114 

0.0152 

0.0190 

0.0229 

0.0267 

0.0305 

0.0343 

O.O381 

1 

.0040 

.0080 

.0120 

.0161 

.0201 

.0241 

.0281 

.0321 

.0361 

.0401 

2 

.0042 

.0085 

.0127 

.0169 

.02 1 1 

.0254 

.0296 

.0338 

.0380 

.0423 

3 

.0044 

.0089 

.0134 

.0178 

.0222 

.0267 

.0312 

•0356 

.0400 

•0445 

4 

.0047 

.0094 

.0141 

.0187 

.0234 

.0281 

.0328 

•0375 

.0422 

.0468 

5 

0.0049 

0.0099 

0.0148 

0.0197 

0.0247 

O.O296 

0.0345 

0.0394 

0.0444 

O.O493 

6 

.0052 

.0104 

.0156 

.0208 

.0259 

.0311 

.0363 

.0415 

.0467 

.0519 

7 

•0055 

.0109 

.0164 

.0218 

.0273 

.0328 

.0382 

•0437 

.0491 

.0546 

8 

•0057 

.0115 

.0172 

.0230 

.0287 

.0344 

.0402 

•0459 

.0517 

•0574 

9 

.0060 

.0121 

.0181 

.0241 

.0302 

.0362 

.0423 

.0483 

•0543 

.0604 

10 

0.0063 

0.0127 

0.0190 

0.0254 

0.0317 

O.O381 

0.0444 

0.0508 

0.0571 

O.0635 

11 

.0067 

.0133 

.0200 

.0267 

•0334 

.0400 

.0467 

•0534 

.0600 

.0667 

12 

.0070 

.0140 

.0210 

.0280 

•0350 

.0421 

.0491 

.0561 

.0631 

.0701 

13 

.0074 

.0147 

.0221 

.0295 

.0368 

.0442 

•05 1 5 

.0589 

.0663 

.0736 

14 

.0077 

•0155 

.0232 

.0309 

.0387 

.0464 

.0541 

.0619 

.0696 

•0773 

15 

0.0081 

0.0162 

0.0244 

0.0325 

0.6406 

O.O487 

0.0568 

0.0650 

0.0731 

0.0812 

16 

.0085 

.0170 

.0256 

.0341 

.0426 

.0512 

•0597 

.0682 

.0767 

.0852 

17 

.0089 

.0179 

.0268 

•0358 

.0447 

•0537 

.0626 

.0716 

.0805 

.0895 

18 

.0094 

.0188 

.0282 

.0376 

.0470 

.0563 

.0657 

•0751 

.0845 

•0939 

19 

.0099 

.0197 

.0296 

•0394 

•0493 

.0591 

.0690 

.0788 

.0887 

.0985 

20 

0.0103 

0.0207 

0.0310 

0.0413 

0.0517 

0.0620 

0.0723 

0.0827 

0.0930 

O.IO33 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

183 


Table  76. 


RELATIVE  HUMIDITY. 

TEMPERATURES  FAHRENHEIT. 


Air 

Temper¬ 

ature. 

RELATIVE  HUMIDITY,  OR  PERCENTAGE  OF  SATURATION. 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

60 

70 

80 

90 

100 

F. 

Vapor  pressure  (inches). 

20° 

0.010 

0.021 

0.031 

0.041 

0.052 

0.062 

0.072 

0.083 

0.093 

0.103 

21 

.Oil 

.022 

•033 

.043 

•054 

.065 

.076 

.087 

.098 

.108 

22 

.Oil 

.023 

.034 

•045 

•057 

.068 

.080 

.091 

.102 

.114 

23 

.012 

.024 

.036 

.048 

.060 

.071 

.083 

•095 

.107 

.119 

24 

.012 

.025 

•037 

.050 

.062 

•075 

.087 

.100 

.112 

•  125 

25 

0.013 

0.026 

0.039 

0.052 

0.065 

0.078 

0.092 

0.105 

0.118 

0.131 

26 

.014 

.027 

.041 

•055 

.068 

.082 

.096 

.110 

.123 

•137 

27 

.014 

.029 

•043 

*057 

.072 

.086 

.100 

•  115 

.129 

•143 

28 

.015 

.030 

•045 

.060 

•075 

.090 

.105 

.120 

•135 

.150 

29 

.016 

.031 

.047 

.063 

.079 

.094 

.110 

.126 

.142 

•157 

30 

0.016 

0.033 

0.049 

0.066 

0.082 

0.099 

0.115 

0.132 

0.148 

0.165 

31 

.017 

.034 

.052 

.069 

.086 

.103 

.121 

.138 

•i55 

.172 

32 

.018 

.036 

•054 

.072 

.090 

.108 

.126 

.144 

.162 

.180 

33 

.019 

.038 

.056 

-075 

.094 

•113 

•131 

.150 

.169 

.188 

34 

.020 

•039 

•059 

.078 

.098 

.117 

•1 37 

.156 

.176 

•195 

35 

0.020 

c.041 

0.061 

0.081 

0.102 

0.122 

0.142 

0.163 

0.183 

0.203 

36 

.021 

.042 

.064 

.085 

.106 

.127 

.148 

.169 

.191 

.212 

37 

.022 

.044 

.066 

.088 

.110 

.132 

•154 

.176 

.198 

.220 

38 

.023 

.046 

.069 

.092 

•115 

•137 

.160 

.183 

.206 

.229 

39 

.024 

.048 

.071 

•095 

.119 

.143 

.167 

.191 

.214 

.238 

40 

0.025 

0.050 

o-c74 

0.099 

0.124 

0.149 

0.173 

0.198 

0.223 

0.248 

4i 

.026 

.052 

.077 

•io3 

.129 

*155 

.180 

.206 

.232 

.258 

42 

.027 

•054 

.080 

.107 

*134 

.161 

.187 

.214 

.241 

.268 

43 

.028 

.056 

.083 

.111 

•139 

.167 

•195 

.223 

.250 

.278 

44 

.029 

.058 

.087 

.116 

.145 

•173 

.202 

.231 

.260 

.289 

45 

0.030 

0.060 

c.090 

0.120 

0.150 

0.180 

0.210 

0.240 

0.270 

0.300 

46 

.031 

.062 

.094 

.125 

.156 

.187 

.218 

.250 

.281 

.312 

47 

.032 

.065 

.097 

.130 

.162 

.194 

.227 

•259 

.292 

•324 

48 

.034 

.067 

.101 

•135 

.168 

.202 

.236' 

.269 

•303 

•336 

49 

•035 

.070 

.105 

.140 

*175 

.210 

•245 

.279 

•3i4 

•349 

50 

0.036 

0.073 

0.109 

0-145 

0.181 

0.218 

0.254 

0.290 

0.326 

0.363 

5i 

.038 

•075 

.113 

•151 

.188 

.226 

.263 

.301 

•339 

•376 

52 

•039 

.078 

.117 

.156 

.195 

*234 

•273 

.312 

•35i 

•390 

53 

.041 

.081 

.122 

.162 

.203 

•243 

.284 

•324 

•365 

•405 

54 

.042 

.084 

.126 

.168 

.210 

.252 

.294 

•336 

•378 

.420 

55 

0.044 

0.087 

0.131 

0.174 

0.218 

0.262 

0.305 

o.349 

0.392 

0.436 

56 

•045 

.090 

.136 

.181 

.226 

.271 

.316 

.362 

•407 

•452 

57 

.047 

.094 

.141 

.187 

.234 

.281 

.328 

•375 

.422 

.469 

58 

.049 

.097 

.146 

.194 

*243 

.292 

•340 

.389 

•437 

.486 

59 

.050 

.101 

•151 

.201 

.252 

.302 

•353 

•403 

•453 

•504 

60 

0.052 

0.104 

0.157 

0.209 

0.261 

0.313 

0.365 

0.418 

0.470 

0.522 

61 

.054 

.108 

.162 

.216 

.270 

.325 

•379 

•433 

•487 

•541 

62 

.056 

.112 

.168 

.224 

.280 

•336 

•392 

.448 

•504 

.560 

63 

.058 

.116 

.174 

.232 

.290 

•348 

.406 

.464 

.522 

.580 

64 

.060 

.120 

.180 

.241 

.301 

.361 

.421 

.481 

•54i 

.601 

65 

0.062 

0.125 

0.187 

0.249 

0.311 

0-374 

0.436 

0.498 

0.560 

0.623 

66 

.064 

.129 

•193 

.258 

.322 

.387 

•451 

.516 

.580 

•645 

67 

.067 

.133 

.200 

.267 

•334 

.400 

.467 

•534 

.601 

.667 

68 

.069 

.138 

.207 

.276 

*345 

•415 

.484 

•553 

.622 

.691 

69 

.072 

•  143 

.214 

.286 

•358 

.429 

.500 

•572 

.644 

•7i5 

70 

0.074 

0.148 

0.222 

0.296 

0.370 

0-444 

0.518 

0.592 

0.666 

0.740 

184 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


RELATIVE  HUMIDITY. 

TEMPERATURES  FAHRENHEIT. 


Table  76 


Air 

Temper¬ 

ature. 

RELATIVE  HUMIDITY,  OR  PERCENTAGE  OF  SATURATION. 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

60 

70 

80 

90 

100 

F. 

Vapor  pressure  (inches). 

0 

O 

t" 

0.074 

0.148 

0.222 

0.296 

0.370 

0-444 

0.518 

0.592 

0.666 

0.740 

71 

.077 

•153 

.230 

.306 

.383 

•459 

•536 

.612 

.689 

.766 

72 

.079 

.158 

.238 

.317 

•396 

•475 

•554 

•634 

•7i3 

•792 

73 

.082 

.164 

.246 

.328 

.410 

.491 

•573 

•655 

•737 

.819 

74 

.085 

.169 

.254 

•339 

.424 

.508 

•593 

.678 

.762 

•847 

75 

0.088 

0.175 

0.263 

0.350 

0.438 

c.526 

0.613 

0.701 

0.788  ' 

0.876 

76 

.091 

.181 

.272 

.362 

•453 

•543 

.634 

.724 

.815 

.906 

77 

.094 

.187 

.281 

•374 

.468 

.562 

•655 

•749 

•843 

•936 

78 

.097 

.194 

.290 

•387 

•484 

.581 

.677 

•774 

.871 

.968 

79 

.100 

.200 

•300 

.400 

.500 

.600 

.700 

.800 

.900 

1. 000 

80 

0.103 

0.207 

0.310 

0.413 

0.517 

0.620 

0.723 

0.827 

0.930 

1-033 

81 

.107 

.214 

.320 

.427 

•534 

.641 

•747 

.854 

.961 

1.068 

82 

.110 

.221 

.331 

.441 

•55i 

.662 

•772 

.882 

•993 

1. 103 

83 

.114 

.228 

•342 

•456 

•570 

.684 

•797 

.911 

1.025 

I-I39 

84 

.118 

•235 

•353 

.471 

.588 

.706 

.824 

.941 

1.059 

1.176 

85 

0.121 

0.243 

0.364 

0.486 

0.607 

0.729 

0.850 

0.972 

1.093 

1. 215 

86 

.125 

.251 

.376 

.502 

.627 

•753 

.878 

1.003 

1. 129 

1.254 

87 

.129 

.259 

.388 

.518 

.647 

•777 

.906 

1.036 

1.165 

1.295 

88 

.134 

.267 

.401 

•535 

.668 

.802 

•936 

1.069 

1.203 

1.336 

89 

.138 

.276 

.414 

.552 

.690 

.828 

.966 

1. 104 

1. 241 

1-379 

90 

0.142 

0.285 

0.427 

0.569 

0.712 

0.854 

0.996 

i-i39 

1.281 

1.423 

91 

.147 

.294 

.441 

.588 

•734 

.881 

1.028 

i-i75 

1.322 

1.469 

92 

.152 

.303 

•455 

.606 

.758 

•909 

1. 06 1 

1. 212 

1.364 

I-5I5 

93 

.156 

.313 

.469 

.625 

.782 

•938 

1.094 

!-250 

1.407 

1-563 

94 

.161 

.322 

.484 

•645 

.806 

.967 

1.128 

I.29O 

I-45I 

1.612 

95 

0.166 

0.332 

0-499 

0.665 

0.831 

0.998 

1.164 

1-330 

1.496 

1.662 

96  • 

.171 

•343 

•5i4 

.686 

.857 

1.029 

1.200 

I-37I 

i-543 

I-7M 

97 

.177 

•353 

•530 

•707 

.884 

1.060 

1.237 

i-4i4 

I-59I 

1.767 

98 

.182 

.364 

•547 

.729 

.911 

1.093 

i-275 

1.458 

1.640 

1.822 

99 

.188 

•376 

•563 

.751 

•939 

1. 127 

i-3i5 

1.502 

1.690 

1.878 

100 

0.194 

0.387 

0.581 

0-774 

0.968 

1.161 

i-355 

1.548 

1.742 

1.936 

IOI 

.199 

•399 

•598 

•798 

•997 

I-I97 

1.396 

1.596 

1-795 

1.994 

102 

.206 

.411 

.616 

.822 

1.028 

1-233 

1.438 

1.644 

1.850 

2.055 

103 

.212 

.423 

.635 

.847 

1.059 

1.270 

1.482 

1.694 

1-905 

2.117 

104 

.218 

•436 

.654 

.872 

1.090 

1.309 

1-527 

1-745 

1.963 

2.181 

105 

0.225 

0-449 

0.674 

0.899 

1. 123 

1.348 

i-572 

1.797 

2.022 

2.246 

106 

.231 

.463 

.694 

•925 

I-I57 

1.388 

1.619 

1.851 

2.082 

2.314 

107 

.238 

.476 

•7i5 

•953 

1.191 

1.429 

1.668 

1.906 

2.144 

2.382 

108 

•245 

.491 

.736 

.981 

1.226 

1.472 

i-7i7 

1.962 

2.208 

2-453 

109 

•253 

■505 

.758 

I.OIO 

1.263 

I-5I5 

1.768 

2.020 

2.273 

2.525 

no 

0.260 

0.520 

0.780 

1.040 

1.300 

1.560 

1.820 

2.080 

2-339 

2-599 

hi 

.268 

•535 

.803 

1.070 

I.338 

1.605 

1.873 

2.140 

2.408 

2.676 

112 

•275 

.551 

.826 

I. IOI 

1-377 

1.652 

1.927 

2.203 

2.478 

2-754 

1 13 

.283 

•567 

.850 

I-I33 

1.417 

1.700 

1.983 

2.267 

2.550 

2.833 

114 

.292 

.583 

.875  • 

1. 166 

1.458 

1.749 

2.041 

2-332 

2.624 

2.915 

115 

0.300 

0.600 

0.900 

1.200 

1.500 

1. 80c 

2.100 

2-399 

2.699 

2-999 

116 

•309 

.617 

.926 

1.234 

1-543 

1.851 

2.160 

2.468 

2-777 

3-o85 

117 

•3i7 

.635 

.952 

1.269 

1-587 

1.904 

2.221 

2-539 

.2.856 

3-173 

118 

.326 

.653 

•979 

1-305 

1.632 

1.958 

2.285 

2.611 

2-937 

3.264 

H9 

•336 

.671 

1.007 

1.342 

1.678 

2.014 

2-349 

2.685 

3.021 

3-356 

120 

0-345 

o.6gc 

1-035 

1.380 

1-725 

2.071 

2.416 

2.761 

3-io6 

3-451 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


Table  77. 

REDUCTION  OF  PSYCHROMETRIC  OBSERVATIONS. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

Values  of  e  =  e'  —  0.000660  B  (t  —  t')  (1  +  0.001 15  /') 


Temper¬ 

ature. 

PRESSURE  OF  AQUEOUS  VAPOR,  e. 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

C. 

-50° 

40 

30 

mm. 

0.029 

0.096 

0.288 

mm. 

0.026 

0.086 

0.259 

mm. 

0.023 

0.076 

0.233 

mm. 

0.020 

0.068 

0.209 

mm. 

0.017 

0.060 

0.188 

mm. 

0.015 

0.054 

0.169 

mm. 

0.013 

0.048 

0.151 

mm. 

0.012 

0.042 

o.i35 

mm. 

0.010 

0.037 

0.121 

mm. 

0.009 

0.033 

0.108 

e  =  e'  —  0.000660  B  {l  —  tf)  (1  +  0.001 15  /') 


B  =  760  mm. 


.0 

.1 

.2 

.3 

.4 

.5 

.6 

.7 

.8 

.9 

1  .0 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

-30° 

AeXAB 

+0.006 

+0.013 

+0.019 

+0.025 

+0.032 

+0.038 

+0.045 

+0.051 

+0.057 

+0.064 

-30° 

0.288 

0.239 

0.191 

0.143 

0.094 

0.046 

29 

•3i9 

.271 

.222 

.174 

.125 

-077 

0.028 

28 

•354 

.306 

•257 

.208 

.160 

.111 

.063 

0.014 

27 

•392 

-344 

-295 

.246 

.198 

.149 

.101 

.052 

0.003 

26 

•434 

.385 

•337 

.288 

•239 

.191 

.142 

•093 

•045 

!  -25 

0.480 

0.43 1 

0.383 

0-334 

0.285 

0.236 

0.188 

0.139 

0.090 

0.042 

24 

•530 

.482 

-433 

.384 

-335 

.286 

.238 

.189 

.140 

.091 

0.043 

23 

.585 

-537 

.488 

•439 

•390 

-341 

.292 

•244 

-195 

.146 

-097 

22 

.646 

•597 

.548 

-499 

•450 

.401 

•352 

-303 

-254 

.206 

.157 

21 

.712 

.663 

.614 

.565 

.516 

.467 

.418 

•369 

.320 

.271 

.  .222 

-20 

0.783 

0-734 

0.685 

0.636 

0.587 

0.538 

0.489 

0.440 

0.391 

0.342 

0.293 

19 

.862 

.813 

.764 

.715 

.666 

.616 

•567 

.518 

.469 

.420 

•371 

18 

•947 

.898 

•849 

.800 

.75i 

.702 

.653 

.604 

•554 

•505 

•456 

17 

1. 041 

.991 

-942 

.893 

-844 

-795 

.746 

.696 

.647 

.598 

-549 

16 

1. 142 

1.093 

1.044 

•994 

-945 

.896 

.847 

•797 

.748 

.699 

-650 

-15 

1.252 

1.203 

I-I54 

1. 105 

1-055 

1.006 

0-957 

c.907 

0.858 

c.809 

0.760 

14 

i-373 

1-323 

1.274 

1.225 

1. 175 

1.126 

1.076 

1.027 

•978 

.928 

•879 

13 

1-503 

1-453 

1.404 

1-355 

1-305 

1.256 

1.206 

I-I57 

1. 108 

1.058 

1.009 

12 

1.644 

i-595 

1-545 

1.496 

1.447 

1-397 

1.348 

1.298 

1.249 

I-I99 

1. 150 

11 

1.798 

1.748 

1.699 

1.649 

1.600 

1-550 

1. 501 

I-45I 

1.402 

1-352 

1.303 

-10 

1.964 

I-9I5 

1.865 

1. 816 

1.766 

1.716 

1.667 

1.617 

1.568 

1.518 

1.468 

9 

2.144 

2.095 

2.045 

1.996 

1.946 

1.896 

1.847 

i-797 

1-747 

1.698 

1.648 

8 

2.340 

2.290 

2.240 

2.190 

2.141 

2.091 

2.041 

1.992 

1.942 

1.892 

1.843 

7 

2.550 

2.501 

2-451 

2.401 

2-351 

2.302 

2.252 

2.202 

2.152 

2.103 

2.053 

6 

2.778 

2.729 

2.679 

2.629 

2-579 

2.529 

2.480 

2-430 

2.380 

2.330 

2.280 

-5 

3-025 

2-975 

2.925 

2.875 

2.825 

2-775 

2.726 

2.676 

2.626 

2.576 

2.526 

-5 

AeXAB 

+0.007 

+0.013 

+0.020 

+0.026 

+0.033 

+0.039 

+0.046  j 

+0.052 

+0.059 

+0.066 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


186 


Table  77, 

REDUCTION  OF  PSYCH  ROME  TRIO  OBSERVATIONS. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

Values  of  e  ~  t'  —  0.000660  B  (t  —  t ')  (1  +  0.00115  /') 


5  =  760  mm. 


V 

t-t’ 

0.0 

1 .1 

1  .2 

1.3 

1  .4 

1  .5 

1  .6 

1  .7 

1  .8 

1 .9 

2.0 

c. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

-20° 

AeXAB 

+0.071 

+0.077 

+0.084 

+0.090 

+0.097 

+0.103 

+0.1 10 

+0.116 

+0.123 

+0.129 

-25° 

0.480 

24 

•530 

23 

.585 

0.048 

22 

.646 

.108 

0.059 

O.OIO 

21 

.712 

-173 

.124 

-0  75 

0.026 

-20 

.783 

.244 

•195 

.146 

.097 

0.048 

19 

.862 

.322 

-2  73 

.224 

•175 

.126 

0.077 

0.028 

18 

•947 

•407 

-358 

•309 

.260 

.211 

.161 

.112 

0.063 

0.014 

17 

1. 04 1 

.500 

.450 

.401 

-352 

•303 

-254 

.205 

•155 

.106 

0.057 

16 

1. 142 

.600 

•551 

.502 

-453 

.404 

•354 

•305 

.256 

.207 

.157 

-15 

1.252 

.710 

.661 

.612 

.562 

.513 

.464 

.414 

.365 

.316 

.267 

14 

1-373 

.830 

.78c 

•731 

.682 

-632 

.583 

-534 

.484 

•435 

.386 

13 

1-503 

-959 

.910 

.861 

.811 

.762 

.712 

.663 

.614 

-564 

-S15 

12 

1.644 

1. 100 

1.051 

1. 001 

-952 

.902 

.853 

.803 

•754 

.705 

.655 

11 

1.798 

1-253 

1.204 

1. 154 

1. 105 

1-055 

1.005 

.956 

.906 

.857 

.807 

-10 

+1.964 

I-4I9 

1.369 

1.320 

1.270 

1. 221 

1.171 

1.121 

1.072 

1.022 

•973 

9 

2.144 

1.598 

1-549 

1.499 

1.450 

1.400 

i-35o 

i-301 

1. 251 

1. 201 

1-152 

8 

2.340 

1-793 

1-743 

1.693 

1.644 

1-594 

i-544 

1-495 

1-445 

1-395 

1.346 

7 

2-550 

2.003 

1-953 

1.904 

1.854 

1.804 

1-754 

1-705 

1-655 

1.605 

1-555 

6 

2.778 

2.231 

2.181 

2.131 

2.081 

2.031 

1.981 

1.932 

1.882 

1.832 

1.782 

-5 

3-025 

2.476 

2.426 

2.376 

2.327 

2.277 

2.227 

2.177 

2.127 

2.077 

2.027 

-5 

AeXAB 

+0.072 

+0.079 

+0.085 

+0.092 

+0.098 

+0.105 

+0.112 

+0.118 

+0.125 

+0.131 

/' 

t-t' 

0.0 

2-1 

2.2 

2.3 

2.4 

2.5 

2.6 

2.7 

2.8 

2.9 

3.0 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

-15° 

AsXA# 

+0.136 

+0.143 

+0.149 

+0.156 

+0.162 

+0.169 

+0.175 

+0.182 

+0.188 

+0.195 

-17° 

1. 04 1 

0.008 

16 

1. 142 

0.108 

0.059 

O.OIO 

-15 

1.252 

0.217 

.168 

.119 

0.069 

0.020 

14 

1-373 

.336 

.287 

-237 

.188 

-139 

0.089 

0.040 

13 

1-503 

.465 

.416 

.366 

•317 

.268 

.218 

.169 

0.119 

0.070 

0.021 

12 

1.644 

.606 

.556 

•507 

•457 

.408 

.358 

•309 

-259 

.210 

.160 

11 

1.798 

.758 

.708 

•659 

.609 

.560 

.510 

.461 

.411 

.362 

.312 

-10 

1.964 

.923 

•873 

.824 

•774 

•725 

.675 

.626 

•576 

.526 

-477 

9 

2.144 

1. 102 

1.052 

1.003 

•953 

.903 

.854 

.804 

-755 

.705 

•655 

8 

2.340 

1.296 

1.246 

1.196 

i-i47 

1.097 

1.047 

•998 

•948 

.898 

.849 

7 

2-550 

1.506 

1.456 

1.406 

i-356 

1.307 

1-257 

1.207 

I-I57 

1. 108 

1.058 

6 

2.778 

1.732 

1.683 

1.633 

1-583 

1-533 

1.483 

1-434 

1.384 

1-334 

1.284 

-  5 

3-025 

1.977 

1.928 

1.878 

1.828 

1.778 

1.728 

1.678 

1.628 

1-579 

1-529 

-  5 

AeXAB 

+0.138 

+0.144 

+0.151 

+0-157 

+0.164 

+0.171 

+0.177 

+0.184 

+0.190 

+0.197 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

187 


Table  77, 


REDUCTION  OF  PSYCHROMETRIC  OBSERVATIONS, 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

Values  of  e=er — 0.000660  B  (t—t')  (1  +  0.00115/') 


5  =  760  mm. 


t' 

t 

-  /' 

3-1 

3.2 

3.3 

3.4 

3.5 

3-6 

3.7 

3.8 

3.9 

4.0 

c. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

-10°  AeXAB 

+0.202 

+0.209 

+0.215 

+0.222 

+0.228 

+0.235 

+0.241 

+0.248 

+0.254 

+0.261 

-12° 

O.III 

0.061 

0.012 

n 

.263 

.213 

.164 

0.114 

0.065 

0.015 

-10 

.427 

.378 

.328 

.278 

.229 

.179 

0.130 

0.080 

0.031 

9 

.606 

•556 

.506 

•457 

•407 

•357 

.308 

.258 

.209 

0.159 

8 

•799 

•749 

.699 

.650 

.600 

•550 

.501 

•451 

.401 

•352 

7 

1.008 

•958 

909 

•859 

.809 

•759 

.710 

.660 

.610 

.560 

6 

1.234 

1.184 

I-I35 

1.085 

1-035 

•985 

•935 

.886 

.836 

.786 

-5 

1.479 

1.429 

1-379 

1.329 

1.279 

1.229 

1. 180 

1. 130 

1.080 

1.030 

-5  AeXAB 

+0.203 

+0.210 

+0.217 

+0.223 

+0.230 

+0.236 

+0.243 

+0.249 

+0.256 

+0.262 

t 

t- 

4.1 

4.2 

4.3 

4.4 

4.5 

4.6 

4.7 

4.8 

4.9 

5-0 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

-8°  AeXAB 

+0.268 

+0.275 

+0.281 

+0.288 

+0.294 

+0.301 

+0.307 

+0.314 

+0.320 

+0.327 

-9° 

0.109 

0.060 

0.010 

8 

0.302 

0.252 

.202 

0.153 

0.103 

0.053 

0.004 

7 

.510 

.461 

.411 

.361 

•3ii 

.262 

.212 

0.162 

0.112 

0.063 

6 

•736 

.686 

.637 

.587 

•537 

.487 

•437 

.387 

.338 

.288 

-5 

0.980 

0.930 

0.880 

0.830 

O 

00 

w 

0.731 

0.681 

0.631 

0.581 

o.53i 

-5  AeXAB 

+0.269 

+0.276 

+0.282 

+0.289 

+0.295 

+0.302 

+0.308 

+0-315 

+0.322 

+0.328 

t' 

t- 

■f 

5.1 

5.2 

5-3 

5-4 

5.5 

5.6 

5.7 

5.8 

5.9 

6.0 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

-7° 

0.013 

6 

.238 

0.188 

0.138 

0.089 

0.039 

-5 

0.481 

0.431 

0.382 

0.332 

0.282 

0.232 

0.182 

0.132 

0.082 

0.033 

-5  AeXAB 

+0.335 

+0.341 

+0.348 

+0.354 

+0.361 

+0.367 

+0.374 

+0.381 

+0.387 

+0-394 

188 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


Table  77 


REDUCTION  OF  PSYCHROM ETRIC  OBSERVATIONS. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

Values  o(  e  =  ef  —  0.000660  B  (t  —  t')  (1  +  0.001 15  f) 


B  =  760  mm. 


t' 

t-t' 

0 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

c. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

1  _5° 

AeXAB 

+0.07 

+0.13 

+0.20 

+0.26 

+0-33 

+0.39 

+0.46 

+0.52 

+0.59 

+0.66 

-5° 

3.02 

2-53 

2.03 

1-53 

1.03 

0-53 

0.03 

4 

3-29 

2-79 

2.29 

1.79 

1.29 

o.79 

0.29 

3 

3-58 

3.08 

2.58 

2.08 

1.58 

1.08 

0.58 

0.08 

2 

3.89 

3-39 

2.89 

2-39 

1.89 

1.38 

0.88 

0.38 

1 

4.22 

3-72 

3.22 

2.72 

2.22 

1.71 

1.21 

0.71 

0.21 

±0 

4-58 

4.08 

3-58 

3.08 

2-57 

2.07 

i-57 

1.07 

0-57 

0.07 

+  1 

4.92 

4.42 

3-92 

3-42 

2.92 

2.41 

1,91 

1.41 

0.91 

0.40 

2 

5-29 

4-79 

4.29 

3.78 

3-28 

2.78 

2.27 

1.77 

1.27 

0.77 

0.26 

3 

5-68 

5.18 

4.68 

4.17 

3-67 

3-I7 

2.66 

2.16 

1.66 

1. 15 

0.65 

4 

6.10 

5-59 

5-09 

4-59 

4.08 

3-58 

3-07 

2-57 

2.07 

1.56 

1.06 

5 

6-54 

6.03 

5-53 

5-03 

4-52 

4.02 

3-5i 

3.01 

2.51 

2.00 

1.50 

6 

7.01 

6.51 

6.00 

5-50 

4-99 

4.49 

3.98 

3-48 

2-97 

2.47 

1.96 

7 

7-5i 

7.01 

6.50 

6.00 

5-49 

4.98 

4.48 

3-97 

3-47 

2.96 

2.46 

8 

8.05 

7-54 

7-03 

6.53 

6.02 

5-51 

5-oi 

4-50 

4.00 

3-49 

2.98 

9 

8.61 

8.10 

7.60 

7.09 

6.58 

6.08 

5-57 

5.06 

4-56 

4-05 

3-54 

IO 

9.21 

8.70 

8.20 

7.69 

7.18 

6.67 

6.17 

5-66 

5-i5 

4.64 

4.14 

II 

9-85 

9-34 

8.83 

8.32 

7.81 

7-3i 

6.80 

6.29 

5.78 

5-27 

4-77 

12 

10.52 

10.01 

9-50 

9.00 

8-49 

7.98 

7-47 

6.96 

6-45 

5-94 

5-44 

13 

11.24 

10.73 

10.22 

9.71 

9.20 

8.69 

8.18 

7.67 

7.16 

6.65 

6.14 

14 

11.99 

11.48 

10.97 

10.46 

9-95 

9.44 

8-93 

8.42 

7.91 

7.41 

6.90 

15 

12.79 

12.28 

11.77 

11.26 

10.75 

10.24 

9-73 

9.22 

8.71 

8.20 

7.69 

16 

13.64 

I3-I3 

12.62 

12. 11 

11.60 

1 1. 09 

10.58 

10.07 

9-56 

9.04 

8-53 

17 

14-54 

14.03 

13-52 

13.00 

12.49 

11.98 

11.47 

10.96 

10.45 

9.94 

9.42 

18 

15-49 

14.98 

14.46 

13-95 

13-44 

12.93 

12.42 

11.90 

n-39 

10.88 

10.37 

19 

16.49 

15.98 

15.46 

14-95 

14.44 

13-93 

13-41 

12.90 

12.39 

11.88 

11.36 

20 

17-55 

17.03 

16.52 

16.01 

15-50 

14.98 

14.47 

13.96 

13.44 

12.93 

12.42 

21 

18.66 

18.15 

17.64 

17.12 

16.61 

16.10 

I5-58 

15-07 

14.56 

14.04 

13.53 

22 

19.84 

19*33 

18.82 

18.30 

17.79 

17.27 

16.76 

16.24 

15-73 

15.22 

14.70 

23 

21.09 

20.57 

20.06 

19-54 

19.03 

18.51 

18.00 

17.48 

16.97 

16.45 

15-94 

24 

22.40 

21.88 

21.37 

20.85 

20.34 

19.82 

i9-3i 

18.79 

18.27 

17.76 

17.24 

25 

23.78 

23.26 

22.75 

22.23 

21.72 

21.20 

20.68 

20.17 

19.65 

19.14 

18.62 

26 

25.24 

24.72 

24.20 

23.69 

23.17 

22.65 

22.14 

21.62 

21.10 

20.59 

20.07 

27 

26.77 

26.25 

25-73 

25.22 

24.70 

24.18 

23.66 

23-15 

22.63 

22.11 

21.60 

28 

28.38 

27.86 

27-34 

26.83 

26.31 

25-79 

25.27 

24.76 

24.24 

23.72 

23.20 

29 

30.08 

29.56 

29.04 

28.52 

28.00 

27.48 

26.97 

26.45 

25-93 

25.41 

24.89 

30 

31.86 

31-34 

30.82 

30.30 

29.78 

29.27 

28.75 

28.23 

27.71 

27.19 

26.67 

31 

33-74 

33-22 

32.70 

32.18 

3i-66 

3i-i4 

30.62 

30.10 

29.58 

29.06 

28.54 

32 

35-70 

35-i8 

34.66 

34-14 

33-62 

33-io 

32.58 

32.06 

31.54 

31.02 

30.50 

33 

37-78 

37-25 

36.73 

36.21 

35-69 

35-17 

34-65 

34-13 

33-6i 

33-09 

32.57 

34 

39-95 

39-43 

38.90 

38.38 

37.86 

37-34 

36.82 

36.30 

35.78 

35-26 

34-73 

35 

42.23 

41.71 

41.18 

40.66 

40.14 

39.62 

39.10 

38.57 

38.05 

37-53 

37.01 

36 

44.62 

44.10 

43-57 

43-05 

42.53 

42.01 

41.48 

40.96 

40.44 

39-92 

39-40 

37 

47-13 

46.60 

46.08 

45-56 

45-°4 

44-5i 

43-99 

43-47 

42.94 

42.42 

41.90 

38 

49.76 

49-23 

48.71 

48.19 

47.66 

47.14 

46.61 

46.09 

45-57 

45-04 

44.52 

39 

52.51 

51-99 

51.46 

50.94 

50.41 

49.89 

49-37 

48.84 

48.32 

47-79 

47.27 

40 

55-40 

54.87 

54-35 

53-82 

53-3° 

52.77 

52.25 

51-72 

51.20 

50.67 

50.15 

41 

58.42 

57-89 

57-37 

56.84 

56.32 

55-79 

55-27 

54-74 

54.21 

53-69 

53.i6 

42 

61.58 

61.05 

60.53 

60.00 

59-48 

58.95 

58.43 

57-90 

57-37 

56.85 

56.32 

43 

64.89 

64.36 

63.84 

63-31 

62.78 

62.26 

61.73 

61.20 

60.68 

60.15 

59.62 

44 

68.35 

67.82 

67.30 

66.77 

66.24 

65.72 

65.19 

64.66 

64.13 

63.61 

63.08 

45 

71.97 

71.44 

70.91 

70.39 

69.86 

69-33 

68.80 

68.28 

67-75 

67.22 

66.69 

45 

AeXAB 

+0.07 

+0.14 

+0.21 

+0.28 

+0.35 

+0.42 

+0.49 

+0.56 

+0.62 

+0.69 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


Table  77 


REDUCTION  OF  PSYCHROMETRIC  OBSERVATIONS. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

Values  of  e  =  e'  —  0.000660  B  {l  —  t ')  (1  +  0.00115  /') 

B  =  760  mm. 


t' 

t-f 

0 

1  1 

1  2 

13 

14 

1  5 

16 

1  7 

18 

1  9 

20 

c. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

+5° 

AeXAB 

+0-73 

+0.80 

+0.86 

+0-93 

+1.00 

+1.06 

+1.13 

+1.19 

+1.26 

+1-33 

+3° 

5.68 

0.15 

4 

6.10 

0.56 

0.05 

5 

6-54 

0.99 

0.49 

6 

7.01 

1.46 

0-95 

045 

7 

7-5i 

i-95 

1-45 

0-94 

043 

8 

8.05 

2.48 

1.97 

1.46 

0.96 

045 

9 

8.61 

3-04 

2.53 

2.02 

1.52 

I.OI 

0.50 

10 

9.21 

3-63 

3.12 

2.61 

2. 11 

1.60 

1.09 

0.58 

0.08 

II 

9-85 

4.26 

3-75 

3-24 

2-73 

2.23 

1.72 

1. 21 

0.70 

0.20 

12 

10.52 

4-93 

442 

3-91 

3-40 

2.89 

2.38 

1.88 

i-37 

0.86 

0-35 

13 

11.24 

5-63 

5-i3 

4.62 

4.11 

3.60 

3-09 

2.58 

2.07 

1.56 

1-05 

14 

11.99 

6-39 

5-88 

5-37 

4.86 

4-35 

3-84 

3-33 

2.82 

2.31 

1.80 

15 

12.79 

7.18 

6.67 

6.16 

5-65 

5.14 

4.63 

4.12 

3.61 

3.10 

2-59 

16 

13.64 

8.02 

7.5i 

7.00 

6.49 

5-98 

547 

4.96 

445 

3-94 

343 

17 

14-54 

8.91 

8.40 

7.89 

7-38 

6.87 

6.36 

5.85 

5-33 

4.82 

4-3i 

18 

15-49 

9.86 

9-34 

8.83 

8.32 

7.81 

7-30 

6.78 

6.27 

5-76 

5-25 

19 

16.49 

10.85 

10.34 

9.83 

9-3i 

8.80 

8.29 

7.78 

7.26 

6-75 

6.24 

20 

17-55 

11.90 

n-39 

10.88 

10.36 

9-85 

9-34 

8.82 

8.31 

7.80 

7-29 

21 

18.66 

13.01 

12.50 

n-99 

11.47 

10.96 

10.45 

9-93 

9.42 

8.90 

8-39  I 

22 

19.84 

14.19 

13.67 

13.16 

12.64 

12.13 

11.62 

11. 10 

10.59 

10.07 

9-56 

23 

21.09 

15.42 

14.91 

!  14-39 

13-88 

I3-36 

12.85 

12.33 

11.82 

11.30 

10.79 

24 

22.40 

16.73 

16.21 

1  15-70 

15.18 

14.67 

I4-I5 

13.64 

13. 12 

12.60 

1  12.0Q 

25 

23.78 

18.10 

17-59 

!  17-07 

16.56 

16.04 

15-52 

15.01 

14.49 

13.98 

j  1346 

26 

25.24 

19-55 

19.04 

:  18.52 

18.00 

17.49 

16.97 

16.45 

15-94 

1542 

14.90 

27 

26.77 

21.08 

20.56 

20.04 

19-53 

19.01 

18.49 

17.98 

17.46 

16.94 

16.42 

28 

28.38 

22.68 

22.17 

21.65 

21.13 

20.61 

20.10 

19.58 

I  19.06 

18.54 

18.02 

29 

30.08 

24-37 

23.86 

23-34 

22.82 

22.30 

21.78 

21.26 

;  20.75 

20.23 

I9-7I 

30 

31.86 

26.15 

25-63 

25.11 

24.60 

24.08 

23.56 

23.04 

22.52 

22.00 

21.48 

31 

33-74 

28.02 

27.50 

26.98 

26.46 

25-94 

25.42 

24.90 

24.38 

23.86 

23-34 

32 

35-70 

29.98 

29.46 

28.94 

28.42 

27.90 

27.38 

26.86 

26.34 

25.82 

25-30 

33 

37-78 

32.05 

31-53 

31.01 

3049 

29.97 

29.44 

28.92 

28.40 

27.88 

27.36 

34 

39-95 

34.21 

33.69 

33.17 

32.65 

32.13 

31.61 

31.09 

30.57 

30.04 

29.52 

35 

42.23 

36.49 

35-97 

3544 

34.92 

3440 

33-88 

33-36 

32.83 

32.31 

3i-79 

36 

44.62 

38.87 

38.35 

37-83 

37.3i 

36.78 

36.26 

35-74 

35.22 

34-69 

34-17 

37 

47-13 

41-37 

40.85 

40.33 

39.81 

39.28 

38.76 

38.24 

37-71 

37-19 

36.67 

38 

49.76 

44.00 

43-47 

42.95 

42-43 

41.90 

41.38 

40.86 

40.33 

39-81 

39-29 

39 

52.51 

46.74 

46.22 

45-70 

45.17 

44.65 

44.12 

43.60 

43.08 

42-55 

42.03 

40 

55-40 

49.62 

49.10 

48.58 

48.05 

47-53 

47.00 

46.48 

45-95 

4543 

44.90 

41 

5842 

52.64 

52.11 

51-59 

51.06 

50.54 

50.01 

49.49 

48.96 

48.44 

47-91 

42 

61.58 

55-8o 

55-27 

54-74 

54.22 

53.69 

53-17 

52.64 

52.12 

51-59 

51.06 

43 

64.89 

59.10 

58.57 

58-05 

57.52 

56.99 

56.47 

55-94 

5541 

54.89 

54-36 

44 

68.35 

62.55 

62.03 

.  61.50 

60.97 

60.45 

59-92 

59-39 

58.86 

58.34 

57-8i 

45 

71-97 

66.16 

65.64 

65.11 

64.58 

64.05 

63-53 

63.00 

62.47 

61.94 

61.42 

45 

AeXAB 

+0.76 

+0.83 

+0.90 

+o-97 

+1.04 

+1.11 

+1.18 

+1.25 

+1.32 

+1-39 

190 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


Table  77, 


REDUCTION  OF  PSYCH  ROM  ETRIC  OBSERVATIONS. 

METRIC  MEASURES. 

Values  of  e  =  e'  —  0.000660  B  (t  —  t')  (1  +0.001 15  l') 

B  =  760  mm. 


f 


C. 

+15° 

13° 

14 

15 

+16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

+21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

+26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

+31 

32 

33 

34 

35 

+36 

37 

38 

39 

40 

+40 


/' 


C. 

+20° 

19° 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

+26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

+30 


t-t' 

0 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

AeXAB 

+0.141 

+0.148 

+0.154 

+0.161 

+0.168 

+0.175 

+0.181 

+0.188 

+0.195 

+0.201 

11.24 

o-54 

0.03 

11.99 

1.29 

0.78 

0.27 

12.79 

2.08 

i-57 

1.06 

o-55 

0.04 

13.64 

2.91 

2.40 

1.89 

1.38 

0.87 

0.36 

14-54 

3.80 

3-29 

2.78 

2.27 

i-75 

1.24 

0-73 

0.22 

15-49 

4-74 

4.22 

3-7i 

3.20 

2.69 

2.18 

1.66 

I- 15 

0.64 

0.13 

16.49 

5-73 

5-21 

4.70 

4.19 

3-68 

3.16 

2.65 

2.14 

1.62 

1. 11 

17.55 

6.77 

6.26 

5-75 

5-23 

4.72 

4.21 

3-69 

3-i8 

2.67 

2.15 

18.66 

7.88 

7-36 

6.85 

6-34 

5-82 

5-3i 

4-79 

4.28 

3-77 

3-25 

19.84 

9.04 

8.53 

8.02 

7-50 

6-99 

6.47 

5-96 

5-44 

4-93 

4.42 

21.09 

10.27 

9.76 

9-25 

8-73 

8.22 

7.70 

7.19 

6.67 

6.16 

5.64 

22.40 

n-57 

11.06 

10.54 

10.03 

9-5i 

9.00 

8.48 

7-97 

7-45 

6-93 

23.78 

12.94 

12.43 

11. 91 

11.40 

10.88 

10.36 

9-85 

9-33 

8.82 

8.30 

25.24 

14-39 

13-87 

13-35 

12.84 

12.32 

11.80 

11.29 

10.77 

10.25 

9-74 

26.77 

15.91 

15-39 

14.87 

14-35 

13.84 

13-32 

12.80 

12.29 

11.77 

11.25 

28.38 

i7-5i 

16.99 

16.47 

15-95 

15-44 

14.92 

14.40 

13-88 

13-37 

12.85 

30.08 

19.19 

18.67 

18.15 

17.64 

17.12 

16.60 

16.08 

I5-56 

15.04 

14-53 

3i-86 

20.96 

20.44 

19-93 

19.41 

18.89 

18.37 

17-85 

17-33 

16.81 

16.29 

33-74 

22.83 

22.31 

21.79 

21.27 

20.75 

20.23 

19.71 

19.19 

18.67 

18.15- 

35-7° 

24.78 

24.26 

23-74 

23.22 

22.70 

22.18 

21.66 

21.14 

20.62 

20.10 

37-78 

26.84 

26.32 

25.80 

25.28 

24.76 

24.24 

23.72 

23.20 

22.68 

22.16 

39-95 

29.00 

28.48 

27.96 

27.44 

26.92 

26.40 

25.87 

25-35 

24.83 

24.31 

42.23 

31.27 

30.75 

30.23 

29.70 

29.18 

28.66 

28.14 

27.62 

27.10 

26.57 

44-62 

33-65 

33-T3 

32.60 

32.08 

3I-56 

31.04 

30.52 

29.99 

29.47 

28.95 

47-13 

36.15 

35-62 

35-io 

34.58 

34-05 

33-53 

33-oi 

32.48 

31.96 

31-44 

49.76 

38.76 

38.24 

37-72 

37-19 

36.67 

36.14 

35-62 

35-io 

34-57 

34-05 

52.51 

41.50 

40.98 

40.46 

39-93 

39-41 

38.88 

38.36 

37-84 

37.3i 

36.79 

55-40 

44-38 

43.85 

43-33 

42.80 

42.28 

4i-75 

41.23 

40.71 

40.18 

39.66 

AeXAB 

+0.145 

+0.152 

+0.159 

+0.166 

+0.173 

+0.179 

+0.186 

+0.193 

+0.200 

+0.207 

t-t' 

31 

32 

33 

34 

35 

36 

37 

38 

39 

40 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

mm. 

1 

mm. 

AeXAB 

+0.209 

+0.216 

+0.223 

+0.230 

+0.236 

+0.243 

+0.250 

+0.257 

+0.263 

+0.270 

0.60 

0.09 

1.64 

i-i  3 

0.61 

O.IO 

2-74 

2.23 

1.71 

1.20 

0.69 

0.17 

3-90 

3-39 

2.87 

2.36 

1.84 

1-33 

0.82 

0.30 

5-i3 

4.61 

4.10 

3-58 

3-07 

2-55 

2.04 

1.52 

I.CI 

0.49 

6.42 

5-90 

5-39 

4.87 

4-36 

3-84 

3-33 

2.81 

2.30 

1.78 

7.78 

7.27 

6-75 

6.24 

5-72 

5.20 

4.69 

4.17 

3.66 

3-14 

9.22 

8.70 

8.19 

7.67 

7.i5 

6.64 

6.12 

5.60 

5-09 

4-57 

10.73 

10.22 

9.70 

9.18 

8.67 

8.15 

7-63 

7-n 

6.60 

6.08 

12.33 

.11.81 

11.29 

10.78 

10.26 

9-74 

9.22 

8.71 

8.19 

7.67 

14.01 

13-49 

12.97 

12.45 

n-93 

11.42 

10.90 

10.38 

9.86 

9-34 

15-77 

15.26 

14.74 

14.22 

13.70 

13.18 

12.66 

12.14 

11.62 

11. 10 

AeXAB 

+0.212 

+0.218 

+0.225 

+0.232 

+0.239 

+0.246 

+0.253 

+0.259 

+0.266 

+0.273 

191 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


Table  78 


RELATIVE  HUMIDITY. 

TEMPERATURE  CENTIGRADE. 


Air 

Temper¬ 

ature. 

RELATIVE  HUMIDITY,  OR  PERCENTAGE  OE  SATURATION. 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

60 

70 

80 

90 

100 

C. 

Vapor  pressure  (millimeters). 

-45° 

0. 01 

0.  01 

0. 02 

0. 02 

0.C3 

0.03 

0. 

04 

0. 04 

0.05 

0.05 

44 

0. 01 

0.  01 

0. 02 

O.  C2 

0.03 

0.  04 

0. 

04 

0.05 

0.05 

0. 06 

43 

0. 01 

0.  01 

0.  02 

0.03 

0.03 

0. 04 

c. 

05 

0.05 

0. 06 

0.07 

42 

0. 01 

0. 02 

0. 02 

0.03 

0. 04 

0.05 

0. 

05 

0. 06 

0. 07 

0. 08 

4i 

0. 01 

0. 02 

0.03 

0.03 

0.04 

0.C5 

0. 

06 

0. 07 

0.  08 

0. 09 

-40 

0. 01 

0. 02 

0.03 

O.  04 

0.05 

0. 06 

0. 

07 

0. 08 

0. 09 

0. 10 

39 

0. 01 

0. 02 

0.03 

O.  04 

0.05 

0. 06 

0. 

08 

0.  09 

0. 10 

0. 11 

38 

0. 01 

0. 02 

0. 04 

0.05 

0. 06 

0. 07 

0. 

08 

c.  10 

0. 11 

0. 12 

37 

0. 01 

0.03 

0. 04 

0.05 

0. 07 

0.  08 

0. 

°9 

0. 11 

0.12 

0. 14 

36 

0. 02 

0.03 

0.05 

0.06 

0.  c8 

0.09 

0. 

11 

0. 12 

0. 14 

0.15 

-35 

0. 02 

0.03 

0.05 

O.  07 

0. 08 

0. 10 

0. 

12 

0. 13 

0.15 

0. 17 

34 

0. 02 

0. 04 

0.  06 

O.  08 

0. 09 

0. 11 

0. 

13 

0.15 

0. 17 

0. 19 

33 

0. 02 

0.  04 

0.  06 

O.  08 

0. 10 

0.13 

0. 

15 

0. 17 

0. 19 

0.  21 

32 

0.  02 

0.05 

0.  07 

O.  09 

0. 12 

0. 14 

0. 

16 

0. 19 

0.  21 

0.  23 

3i 

0.03 

0.05 

0. 08 

O.  IO 

0.13 

0. 16 

0. 

18 

0.  21 

0.  23 

0.  26 

-30 

0.03 

0. 06 

0. 09 

O.  12 

0. 14 

0. 17 

0. 

20 

0.  23 

0.  26 

0.  29 

29 

0.03 

0. 06 

0. 10 

0.13 

0. 16 

0. 19 

0. 

22 

0.  26 

0.  29 

0.32 

28 

0. 04 

0. 07 

0. 11 

O.  14 

0. 18 

0.  21 

0. 

25 

0.  28 

0.32 

0-35 

27 

0. 04 

0. 08 

0. 12 

O.  l6 

0.  20 

0.  24 

0. 

27 

0.31 

0-35 

o-39 

26 

0. 04 

0. 09 

0. 13 

O.  17 

0.  22 

0.  26 

0. 

30 

0-35 

0-39 

0-43 

-25 

0.05 

0. 10 

0. 14 

O.  19 

0.  24 

0.  29 

0. 

34 

0.38 

0-43 

0. 48 

24 

0.05 

0. 11 

0. 16 

O.  21 

0.  27 

0.32 

0. 

37 

0. 42 

0.48 

0-53 

23 

0. 06 

0. 12 

0. 18 

O.  23 

0.  29 

0-35 

0. 

4i 

0-47 

0-53 

0-59 

22 

0. 06 

0.13 

0. 19 

O.  26 

0.32 

0-39 

0. 

45 

0.52 

0.  58 

0.65 

21 

0. 07 

0. 14 

0.  21 

O.  28 

0.36 

0-43 

c. 

50 

0-57 

0. 64 

0.  71 

-20 

0 

0 

00 

0. 16 

0.  24 

O.3I 

0-39 

0-47 

0. 

55 

0.63 

0.71 

0.  78 

19 

0. 09 

0. 17 

0.  26 

0-34 

0-43 

0.52 

0. 

60 

0.  69 

0.  78 

0.86 

18 

0. 09 

0. 19 

0.  28 

O.38 

0-47 

o.57 

6. 

66 

0.  76 

0.85 

0-95 

17 

0. 10 

0.  21 

0.31 

O.  42 

0.52 

0. 62 

O. 

73 

0.83 

0-94 

1. 04 

t6 

0. 11 

0.  23 

0-34 

O.46 

0-57 

0. 69 

O. 

80 

0.91 

1.03 

1. 14 

-  15 

0.13 

0.  25 

0.38 

0.50 

0.63 

0-75 

O. 

88 

1. 00 

1  13 

1-25 

14 

0. 14 

0.  27 

0.41 

0-55 

0.  69 

0. 82 

O. 

96 

1. 10 

1.24 

i-37 

13 

0. 15 

0.30 

0-45 

O.  60 

0-75 

0. 90 

I. 

05 

1. 20 

i-35 

i- 50 

12 

0. 16 

0-33 

0.49 

0. 66 

0. 82 

0-99 

I. 

15 

1.32 

1.48 

1.64 

11 

0. 18 

0.36 

0-54 

0.  72 

0. 90 

1. 08 

I. 

26 

1.44 

1.62 

1.80 

-  10 

0.  20 

0-39 

0-59 

0.  79 

0. 98 

1. 18 

I. 

38 

i-57 

1.77 

1.96 

9 

0.  21 

0-43 

0.  64 

0.86 

1.07 

1. 29 

I. 

50 

1.  72 

i-93 

2.14 

8 

0.  23 

0-47 

0.  70 

0-94 

1. 17 

1.40 

I. 

64 

1.87 

2. 11 

2-34 

7 

0.  26 

0.51 

0.  77 

1. 02 

1.  28 

1 -S3 

I . 

79 

2. 04 

2.30 

2-55 

6 

0.  28 

0.  56 

0.83 

1. 11 

i-39 

1.67 

I. 

94 

2.  22 

2.  5c 

2.78 

-  5 

0.30 

0.  60 

0. 91 

1. 21 

i.Si 

1. 81 

2. 

12 

2.42 

2.  72 

3.02 

4 

0-33 

0.  66 

0-99 

1.32 

1.65 

1.97 

2. 

30 

2.63 

2.96 

3- 29 

3 

0.36 

0.  72 

1. 07 

i-43 

1.79 

2.15 

2. 

50 

2.86 

3.  22 

3-58 

2 

0-39 

0.  78 

1. 17 

i-55 

1.94 

2-33 

2. 

72 

3-i  1 

3- 50 

3- 89 

1 

0. 42 

0.  84 

1.27 

1.69 

2. 11 

2-53 

2. 

95 

338 

3.80 

4.  22 

d-  0 

0. 46 

0. 92 

i-37 

1.83 

2.  29 

2-75 

3- 

21 

3.66 

4. 12 

4-58 

+  1 

0-49 

0. 98 

1.48 

1.97 

2. 46 

2-95 

3- 

45 

3-94 

4-43 

4.92 

2 

0-53 

1. 06 

i-59 

2.12 

2.65 

3-i7 

3- 

70 

4- 23 

4.  76 

5-  29 

3 

0-57 

1. 14 

1.70 

2.  27 

2.84 

3-4i 

3- 

98 

4-55 

5-n 

5.68 

4 

0. 61 

1.  22 

1.83 

2.44 

3- 05 

3.66 

4- 

27 

4.  88 

5-49 

6. 10 

+  5 

0.65 

i-3i 

1.96 

2.62 

3-  27 

3-92 

4- 

58 

5- 23 

5- 89 

6-54 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


192 


RELATIVE  HUMIDITY. 

TEMPERATURE  CENTIGRADE. 


Table  78 


Air 

Temper¬ 

ature. 

RELATIVE  HUMIDITY,  OR  PERCENTAGE  OF  SATURATION. 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

60 

70 

80 

90 

100 

C. 

Vapor  pressure  (millimeters). 

5° 

0.7 

i-3 

2.0 

2.6 

3-3 

3-9 

4.6 

5-2 

5-9 

6-5 

6 

0.7 

1.4 

2. 1 

2.8 

3-5 

4.  2 

4-9 

5-6 

6-3 

7.0 

7 

0.8 

1-5 

2-3 

3-0 

3-8 

4-5 

5-3 

6.0 

6.8 

7-5 

8 

0.8 

1.6 

2.4 

3-  2 

4.0 

4.8 

5-6 

6.4 

7.2 

8.0 

9 

0.9 

i-7 

2.6 

3-4 

4-3 

5-2 

6.0 

6.9 

7-7 

8.6 

10 

0.9 

1.8 

2.8 

3-7 

4.6 

5-5 

6.4 

7-4 

8-3 

9.  2 

11 

1. 0 

2.0 

3-0 

3-9 

4.9 

5-9 

6.9 

7-9 

8.9 

9.8 

12 

1. 1 

2. 1 

3-2 

4.  2 

5-3 

6-3 

7-4 

8-4 

9-5 

io-5 

13 

1. 1 

2.  2 

3-4 

4-5 

5-6 

6.7 

7-9 

9.0 

10. 1 

11.  2 

14 

1. 2 

2.4 

3-6 

4.8 

6. 0 

7.  2 

8.4 

9.6 

10. 8 

12.0 

15 

i-3 

2.6 

3-8 

5-i 

6.4 

7-7 

9.0 

10.  2 

ii.  5 

12.8 

16 

•  1.4 

2.7 

4. 1 

5-5 

6.8 

8.2 

9-5 

10. 9 

12.3 

13.6 

17 

i-5 

2.9 

4-4 

5-8 

7-3 

8.7 

10.  2 

11. 6 

i3-i 

14-5 

18 

i-5 

3-i 

4.6 

6.  2 

7-7 

9-3 

10. 8 

12.4 

13-9 

15-5 

19 

1.6 

3-3 

4-9 

6.6 

8.2 

9.9 

n-5 

13.2 

14. 8 

16.5 

20 

1.8 

3-5 

5-3 

7.0 

8.8 

10.5 

12.3 

14. 0 

15.8 

17-5 

21 

1.9 

3-7 

5-6 

7-5 

9-3 

11.  2 

i3- 1 

14.9 

16.8 

18.7 

22 

2.  c 

'  4.0 

6.  0 

7-9 

9.9 

11. 9 

13-9 

i5-9 

17.9 

19.8 

23 

2. 1 

4.2 

6-3 

8.4 

10.5 

12.  7 

14.8 

16.9 

19.0 

21. 1 

24 

2.  2 

4-5 

6.7 

9.0 

11. 2 

13-4 

15-7 

17.9 

20.  2 

22.4 

25 

2.4 

4.8 

7-i 

9-5 

11. 9 

14-3 

16. 6 

19.0 

21.4 

23.8 

26 

2-5 

5-o 

7.6 

10. 1 

12. 6 

i5-i 

17.7 

20.  2 

22.  7 

25.  2 

27 

2-7 

5-4 

8.  0 

10.  7 

13-4 

16. 1 

18.7 

21.4 

24. 1 

26.8 

28 

2.8 

5-7 

8-5 

11. 4 

14.  2 

17.0 

19.9 

22.  7 

25-5 

28.4 

29 

3-0 

6.0 

9-o 

12.0 

15.0 

18.  0 

21. 1 

24. 1 

27.1 

30. 1 

30 

3-2 

6.4 

9.6 

12.7 

15-9 

19. 1 

22.3 

25-5 

28.  7 

31.9 

3i 

3-4 

6.7 

10. 1 

13-5 

16.9 

20.  2 

23.6 

2>.  O 

30-4 

33-7 

32 

3-6 

7-i 

10.  7 

14-3 

17.9 

21.4 

25.0 

28.6 

32. 1 

35-7 

33 

3-8 

7.6 

11. 3 

15- 1 

18.9 

22. 7 

26.4 

30.  2 

34-o 

37-8 

34 

4.0 

8.0 

12.0 

16. 0 

20. 0 

24.  0 

28.0 

32.0 

36.0 

39-9 

35 

4.2 

8.4 

12.7 

16. 9 

21. 1 

25-3 

29.  6 

33-8 

38.0 

42.  2 

36 

4-5 

8.9 

13-4 

17.8 

22.3 

26.8 

31.2 

35-7 

40.  2 

44.6 

37 

4-  7 

9-4 

14. 1 

18.9 

23.6 

28.3 

33-o 

37-7 

42.4 

47. 1 

38 

5-o 

10.  0 

14.9 

19.9 

24.9 

29.9 

34-8 

39-8 

44.8 

49.8 

39 

5-3 

10.5 

15.8 

21.0 

26.3 

31-5 

36.8 

42.0 

47-3 

52.5 

40 

5-5 

11. 1 

16.6 

22.  2 

27.7 

33-2 

38.8 

44-3 

49.9 

55-4 

41 

5-8 

11. 7 

17-5 

23-4 

29.  2 

35-i 

40.9 

46.7 

52.6 

58.4 

42 

6.  2 

12.3 

18.5 

24. 6 

30.8 

36.9 

43- 1 

49-3 

55-4 

61 . 6 

43 

6-5 

13.0 

19.5 

26. 0 

32.4 

38.9 

45-4 

51-9 

58.4 

64.9 

44 

6.8 

13 -7 

20.5 

27-3 

34-2 

41. 0 

47.8 

54-7 

61.5 

68.4 

45 

7.2 

14.4 

21.6 

28.8 

36.0 

43-2 

50.4 

57-6 

64.8 

72.0 

46 

7.6 

i5-  2 

22.  7 

30- 3 

37-9 

45-5 

53-0 

60. 6 

68.2 

75-8 

47 

8. 0 

15-9 

23-9 

31-9 

39-9 

47-8 

55-8 

63.8 

71.7 

79-7 

48 

8.4 

16.8 

25. 1 

33-5 

41.9 

50-3 

58.7 

67. 1 

75-4 

83.8 

49 

8.8 

17.6 

26.4 

35-3 

44. 1 

52.9 

61. 7 

70.5 

79-3 

88.1 

50 

9-3 

18.5 

27. 8 

37-i 

46.3 

55-6 

64.8 

74. 1 

83-4 

92.6 

Si 

9-7 

19-5 

29.  2 

38.9 

48.7 

58.4 

68. 1 

77-9 

87. 6 

97 -3 

52 

10.  2 

20.4 

30-7 

40.9 

Si- 1 

61.3 

71. 6 

81.8 

92. 0 

102. 2 

53 

10.  7 

21.5 

32.  2 

42.9 

53-7 

64.4 

75-i 

85-9 

96.6 

107.3 

54 

H-3 

22.5 

33-8 

45-i 

56.3 

67. 6 

78.9 

90. 1 

101.4 

112. 7 

55 

11. 8 

23.6 

35-5 

47-3 

59-i 

70.9 

82.  7 

94.6 

106.4 

118.  2 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


193 


Table  79. 

RATE  OF  DECREASE  OF  VAPOR  PRESSURE  WITH  ALTITUDE  FOR 
MOUNTAIN  STATIONS. 

{According  to  the  empirical  formula  of  Dr.  J.  Hann.) 
h 

-  =  io  6200 

e,  e0=  Vapor  pressures  at  an  upper  and  a  lower  station  respectively. 
h  =  Difference  of  altitude  in  meters. 


Difference  of  Altitude. 

e 

Difference  of  Altitude. 

e 

e0 

Difference  of  Altitude. 

e 

e0 

Meters. 

200 

Feet. 

656 

0-93 

Meters. 

1800 

Feet. 

5905 

0.52 

Meters. 

3400 

Feet. 

11155 

0.  29 

400 

1312 

.86 

2000 

6562 

.48 

3600 

11811 

.27 

600 

1968 

.80 

2200 

7218 

•45 

3800 

12467 

•25 

800 

2625 

•75 

2400 

7874 

.42 

4000 

I3!23 

•23 

IOOO 

3281 

0. 69 

2600 

8530 

o-39 

4500 

14764 

0. 19 

1 20c 

3937 

.64 

2800 

9186 

•36 

5000 

16404 

.  16 

1400 

4593 

.  60 

3000 

9842 

•33 

5500 

18045 

•13 

1600 

5249 

.56 

3200 

10499 

•3i 

6000 

19685 

.  11 

Table  80. 

DEPTH  OF  WATER  CORRESPONDING  TO  THE  WEIGHT  OF  A 
CYLINDRICAL  SNOW  CORE  2.655  INCHES  IN  DIAMETER. 

(One-fifth  pound  equals  i  inch.) 


Weight 

lbs. 

O 

O 

•01 

.02 

CO 

0 

.04 

10 

q 

.06 

.07 

CO 

q 

I  0) 

'  q 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

.0 

0.  00 

0.05 

0. 10 

0.15 

0.  20 

0.  25 

0.30 

0-35 

0. 40 

0-45 

.  1 

0.50 

0-55 

0. 60 

0.65 

0.  70 

0-75 

0. 80 

0.85 

0. 90 

0-95 

.  2 

1. 00 

i- 05 

1. 10 

i-i5 

1. 20 

1-25 

1.30 

i-35 

1.40 

i-45 

•3 

i-5o 

i-55 

1.60 

1.65 

1.70 

i-75 

1.80 

1-85 

1. 90 

i-95 

•4 

2. 00 

2.05 

2. 10 

2.15 

2.  20 

2.25 

2.30 

2-35 

2.40 

2-45 

•5 

2.50 

2-55 

2. 60 

2.65 

2.  70 

2-75 

2.80 

2.85 

2.90 

2-95 

.  6 

3.00 

3-05 

3  10 

3-i5 

3.  20 

3-  25 

3-3  0 

3-35 

3-40 

3-45 

•  7 

3  - 50 

3-55 

3.60 

3-65 

3-70 

3-75 

3.80 

3-85 

3-90 

3-95 

.8 

4.00 

4-05 

4. 10 

4- 15 

4.  20 

4-25 

4-30 

4-35 

4.40 

4-45 

•9 

4-50 

4-55 

4.60 

4-65 

4.  70 

4-75 

4. 80 

4-85 

4.90 

4-95 

1.0 

5.00 

5-05 

5.10 

5-i5 

5.  20 

5-25 

5-3° 

5-35 

5-40 

5-45 

1. 1 

5-5o 

5-55 

5.60 

5-65 

5-70 

5-75 

5.80 

5-85 

5-90 

5-95 

1. 2 

6.  00 

6.05 

6. 10 

6.15 

6.  20 

6.  25 

6.30 

6-35 

6.40 

6-45 

i-3 

6.50 

6-55 

6. 60 

6.65 

6.  70 

6-75 

6.80 

6.85 

6. 90 

6-95 

i-4 

7. 00 

7-05 

7. 10 

7-15 

7.  20 

7-25 

7-30 

7-35 

7.40 

7-45 

1.5 

7-50 

7-55 

7. 60 

7-65 

7.70 

7-75 

7.80 

7.85 

7.9c 

7-95 

1 . 6 

8. 00 

8.05 

8. 10 

8.15 

8.  20 

8.25 

8.30 

8-35 

8.40 

8-45 

1-7 

8.50 

8-55 

8.60 

8.65 

8.  70 

8-75 

8.80 

8.85 

8.90 

8-95 

1.8 

9.00 

9-05 

9. 10 

9- 15 

9.  20 

9- 25 

9-30 

9-35 

9.40 

9-45 

1.9 

9-50 

9-55 

9.60 

9-65 

9.70 

9-75 

9.80 

9-85 

9.90 

9-95 

2.0 

10. 00 

10.05 

10. 10 

10. 15 

10.  20 

10.  25 

10.30 

10.35 

10.40 

10.45 

2. 1 

10.50 

10.55 

10.  60 

10.65 

10.  70 

10.75 

10. 80 

10.85 

10. 90 

10.95 

2.  2 

11. 00 

11.05 

11. 10 

11. 15 

11.  20 

11.25 

11.30 

n-35 

11.40 

H-45 

2.3 

1 1 . 50 

n-55 

11.60 

11.65 

11. 70 

n-75 

11. 80 

11.85 

11.90 

n-95 

2.4 

12. 00 

12.05 

12. 10 

12. 15 

12. 20 

12.  25 

12.30 

12.35 

12.40 

12.45 

2.5 

12.50 

12.55 

12.60 

12.65 

12.  70 

12.75 

12.  80 

12. 85 

12. 90 

12.95 

2.6 

13.00 

13-05 

13. 10 

13- 15 

13.  20 

13-25 

13-30 

13-35 

13-40 

13-45 

2-7 

13-50 

13-55 

13.60 

13-65 

1 3-  70 

13-75 

13.80 

13-85 

13.90 

13-95 

2.8 

14.00 

14-05 

14. 10 

14- 15 

14.  20 

14.25 

14.30 

14-35 

14.40 

14-45 

2.9 

14-50 

14-55 

14.  60 

14.65 

14.70 

14-75 

14. 80 

14- 85 

14.90 

14-95 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


194 


Table  81. 

DEPTH  OF  WATER  CORRESPONDING  TO  THE  WEIGHT  OF  SNOW  (OR  , 
RAIN)  COLLECTED  IN  AN  8-INCH  CAGE.  (One  pound  equals  0.5507  inch.) 


Weight 

Pounds. 

.00 

.01 

.02 

.03 

.04 

.05 

.06 

.07 

.08 

.09 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

.0 

.00 

.  01 

.01 

.02 

.  02 

•03 

•03 

.04 

.04 

•05 

.  1 

.  06 

.06 

.07 

.07 

.08 

.  08 

.09 

.09 

.  10 

.  10 

.  2 

.  11 

.  12 

.  12 

•13 

•13 

•  14 

•  14 

•15 

•15 

.  16 

•3 

•  i7 

•17 

.18 

.18 

.19 

.19 

.  20 

.  20 

.  21 

.  22 

•  4 

.  22 

•23 

.23 

.24 

•24 

•25 

•25 

.  26 

.  26 

•27 

.5 

.28 

.28 

.29 

•29 

•30 

•30 

•3i 

•3i 

•32 

•33 

.6 

•33 

•34 

•34 

•35 

•35 

•36 

•36 

•37 

.38 

•38 

•7 

•39 

•39 

.40 

.40 

.41 

.41 

.42 

•43 

•43 

•44 

.8 

•  44 

•45 

•45 

.46 

.46 

•47 

•47 

.48 

•49 

•49 

•9 

•50 

•50 

•51 

•  51 

•52 

•52 

•53 

•54 

•54 

•55 

Table  82. 

QUANTITY  OF  RAINFALL  CORRESPONDING  TO  GIVEN  DEPTHS. 


Depth  of  rain¬ 
fall,  inches. 

Cubic  inches  per 
acre. 

Cubic  feet  per  acre. 

Gallons  per  acre. 

Tons  per  acre  (2000 
pounds).  (62°  F.) 

United  States  or 
Queen  Anne. 

Imperial  (British). 

0  01 

62726.4 

36.3 

271-5 

226 

1. 1 

0.  02 

125453- 

72. 6 

543- 

452 

2-3 

0.03 

188179. 

108. 9 

815. 

678 

3-4 

0. 04 

250905. 

145-  2 

1086. 

904 

4-5 

0.05 

313632. 

181.5 

1358. 

1130 

5-6 

0.06 

376358. 

217.8 

1629. 

1356 

6.8 

0. 07 

439084 . 

254- 1 

1900. 

1582 

7-9 

0.  08 

501810. 

290.4 

2171. 

1808 

9.0 

0. 09 

564536. 

326.  7 

2442. 

2034 

10. 1 

0. 10 

627264. 

363-0 

2715- 

2261 

n-  3 

0  25< 

1568160. 

907-5 

6789. 

5652 

28. 

0.50 

3136320. 

1815. 

I3577- 

1 1303 

56. 

0-75 

4704480. 

2722. 

20366. 

16955 

85. 

1. 00 

6272640. 

3630. 

27I54- 

22607 

11 3- 

i-  25 

7840800. 

4538. 

33943- 

28259 

141. 

1.50 

9408960. 

5445- 

40371- 

339ii 

170. 

i-75 

10977120. 

6352. 

47520. 

39563 

198. 

2.00 

12545280. 

7260. 

54309. 

45214 

226. 

2.  25 

141 13440. 

8168. 

61097. 

50866 

255. 

2.  50 

15681600. 

9075. 

67866. 

56517 

283. 

275 

17249760. 

9982. 

74674. 

62169 

3ii. 

3.00 

18817920. 

10890. 

81463. 

67821 

339- 

4.  CO 

25090560. 

14520. 

108617. 

90428 

452. 

5.00 

31363200. 

18150 

135772. 

113035 

565- 

6. 00 

37635840. 

21780. 

162926. 

135642 

678. 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


195 


. 


- 


GEODETICAL  TABLES. 


Value  of  apparent  gravity  on  the  earth  at  sea  level  ....  Table 
Relative  acceleration  of  gravity  at  different  latitudes  .  .  .  Table 

Length  of  one  degree  of  the  meridian  at  different  latitudes  .  Table 
Length  of  one  degree  of  the  parallel  at  different  latitudes  .  .  Table 

Duration  of  sunshine  at  different  latitudes . Table 

Declination  of  the  sun  for  the  year  1899 . Table 

Duration  of  astronomical  twilight . Table 

Duration  of  civil  twilight . . Table 

Relative  intensity  of  solar  radiation  at  different  latitudes. 


Mean  intensity  for  24  hours  of  solar  radiation  on  a  hori¬ 
zontal  surface  at  the  top  of  the  atmosphere  ....  Table 

Relative  amounts  of  solar  radiation  received  during  the 

year  on  a  horizontal  surface  at  the  surface  of  the  earth  Table 

Air  mass,  m,  corresponding  to  different  zenith  distances  of  the 


sun . Table 

Relative  illumination  intensities . Table 


83 

84 

85 

86 

87 

88 

89 

90 

91 

92 

93 

94 


Table  83. 

VALUE  OF  GRAVITY  ON  THE  EARTH  AT  SEA  LEVEL. 


g ^  ~  978.039  (1  -f-  0.005294  sin2  <f>  —  0.000007  sin 2  2  <p) 
=  980.621  (1  —  0.002640  cos  2  <(>  +  0.000007  cas2  2  0) 


4> 

9^ 

4> 

9$ 

4> 

9(f) 

4> 

9(p 

4> 

9(f) 

0  ^ 

Dynes. 

0  t 

Dynes. 

0  t 

Dynes. 

0  t 

Dynes. 

0  r 

Dynes. 

0  0 

978.039 

20  00 

978. 642  ■ 

37  00 

979.908 

54  00 

981.422 

71  OO 

982. 665 

1  0 

.  041 

20 

.  661 

20 

•937 

20 

•  450 

20 

.684 

2  0 

•  045 

40 

.681 

40 

.  966 

40 

•  479 

40 

.  702 

3  0 

•053 

21  00 

.  701 

38  00 

•995 

55  00 

•  507 

72  OO 

.720 

4  0 

.  064 

20 

.  721 

20 

980. 024 

20 

•  535 

20 

.738 

40 

•  742 

40 

•054 

40 

.564 

40 

•755 

5  00 

.078 

22  00 

.  762 

39  00 

•  083 

56  00 

•592 

73  00 

•772 

20 

.  084 

20 

•783 

20 

•113 

20 

.  620 

20 

.789 

40 

.  089 

40 

.805 

40 

.142 

40 

.647 

40 

•  805 

6  00 

•095 

23  00 

.826 

40  00 

.  172 

57  00 

.675 

74  00 

.822 

20 

.  102 

20 

.848 

20 

.  201 

20 

•  703 

20 

.837 

40 

.  108 

40 

.  870 

40 

.231 

40 

.730 

40 

.853 

7  00 

•  ns 

24  00 

.  892 

41  00 

.  261 

58  00 

•  757 

75  00 

.868 

20 

.  123 

20 

.914 

20 

.  291 

20 

.784 

20 

.883 

40 

•131 

40 

•937 

40 

.321 

40 

.811 

40 

.898 

8  00 

•  i39 

25  00 

.960 

42  00 

•350 

59  00 

.838 

76  00 

.912 

20 

•  147 

20 

•983 

20 

.380 

20 

.865 

20 

.926 

40 

.156 

40 

979.006 

40 

.410 

40 

.  891 

40 

.940 

9  00 

.165 

26  00 

.030 

43  00 

.440 

60  00 

.917 

77  00 

•953 

20 

.  -174 

20 

•  054 

20 

•  471 

20 

•943 

20 

.966 

40 

.  184 

40 

.077 

40 

.501 

40 

.969 

40 

•979 

10  00 

.  194 

27  00 

.  102 

44  00 

•53i 

61  00 

•995 

78  00 

•992 

20 

.  205 

20 

.  126 

20 

.561 

20 

982. 020 

20 

983 • 004 

40 

.215 

40 

•iSi 

40 

•59i 

40 

.  046 

40 

.  016 

11  00 

.  227 

28  00 

•175 

45  00 

.  621 

62  00 

.071 

79  00 

.  027 

20 

.238 

20 

.  201 

20 

.651 

20 

.  096 

20 

•039 

40 

.250 

40 

.  226 

.  40 

.  681 

40 

.  121 

40 

.049 

12  00 

.  262 

29  00 

•251 

46  00 

.711 

63  00 

•145 

80  00 

.  060 

20 

.274 

20 

.277 

20 

.741 

20 

.  169 

20 

.070 

40 

.287 

40 

.302 

40 

.772 

40 

.194 

40 

.  080 

13  00 

.300 

30  00 

.328 

47  00 

.  802 

64  00 

.217 

81  00 

.  090 

20 

•3i3 

20 

•354 

20 

.832 

20 

.241 

20 

.099 

40 

.327 

40 

.381 

40 

.862 

40 

.265 

40 

.  108 

14  00 

•34i 

3 1  00 

.407 

48  00 

.  892 

65  00 

.288 

82  00 

.  116 

20 

•355 

20 

•434 

20 

.922 

20 

•3ii 

20 

.  124 

40 

•369 

40 

.460 

40 

•952 

40 

•334 

40 

•  132 

15  00 

•  384 

32  00 

•487 

49  00 

.981 

66  00 

.356 

83  00 

.  140 

20 

•399 

20 

•515 

20 

981.  on 

20 

•379 

20 

.147 

40 

.415 

40 

•  542 

40 

.041 

40 

.401 

40 

•153 

16  00 

•430 

33  00 

•569 

50  00 

.071 

67  00 

•423 

84  00 

.  160 

20 

•  447 

20 

•597 

20 

.  100 

20 

•  445 

20 

.  166 

40 

•463 

40 

.  624 

40 

.  130 

40 

.466 

40 

.  172 

17  00 

•479 

34  00 

.652 

51  00 

.  160 

68  00 

.487 

85  00 

.177 

20 

.496 

20 

.680 

20 

.  189 

20 

.508 

20 

.  182 

40 

•514 

40 

.  708 

40 

.  218 

40 

.528 

40 

.187 

18  00 

•53i 

35  00 

.736 

52  00 

.  248 

69  00 

•549 

20 

•  549 

20 

•765 

20 

.277 

20 

•  569 

86  00 

.  192 

40 

.567 

40 

•793 

40 

.306 

40 

•589 

87  00 

.  203 

19  00 

•585 

36  00 

.  822 

53  00 

•335 

70  00 

.608 

88  00 

.  210 

20 

.  604 

20 

.850 

20 

•364 

20 

.628 

89  00 

•215 

40 

978.623 

40 

979.879 

40 

981.393 

40 

982.647 

90  00 

983. 217 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


198 


Table  84. 

RELATIVE  ACCELERATION  OF  GRAVITY  AT  DIFFERENT  LATITUDES. 

Ratio  of  the  acceleration  of  gravity  at  sea  level  for  each  io'  of  latitude,  to  its  acceleration  at 

latitude  450. 


—  =  1  —  0.002640  cos  2  <f>  +  0.000007  cos2  2  0 

&45 


Latitude. 

<t> 

O' 

10' 

20' 

30' 

40' 

50' 

0° 

0.997367 

0.997367 

0.997367 

0.997367 

0.997368 

0.997368 

1 

.997369 

•997369 

•997370 

•997371 

•997371 

.997372 

2 

•997373 

•997374 

•997376 

•997377 

•997378 

•99738o 

3* 

.997381 

•997383 

.997385 

•997387 

.997388 

.997390 

4 

•997393 

•997395 

•997397 

•997399 

•  997402 

.997404 

5 

0.997407 

0.997410 

0.997412 

0.997415 

0.997418 

0.997421 

6 

.997424 

.997428 

•997431 

•  997434 

•997438 

•  997441 

7 

•  997445 

•  997449 

•997453 

.997456 

.997460 

•997465 

8 

•  997469 

•997473 

•997477 

.997482 

•  997486 

.997491 

9 

.997496 

•  997500 

•997505 

.997510 

•997515 

.997520 

10 

0.997525 

0.997531 

0.997536 

0.997541 

0-997547 

0-997553 

11 

•997558 

•997564 

•997570 

.997576 

.997582 

.997588 

12 

•997594 

. 997600 

•  997607 

.997613 

.997620 

.997626 

13 

•997633 

.997640 

.997646 

•997653 

. 997660 

.997667 

14 

•997674 

. 997682 

.997689 

•997696 

.997704 

.997711 

15 

0.997719 

0.997727 

0-997734 

0.997742 

0.997750 

0.997758 

16 

.997766 

•997774 

.997783 

.997791 

•997799 

. 997808 

17 

.997816 

.997825 

•997833 

.997842 

.997851 

. 997860 

18 

.997869 

.997878 

.997887 

.997896 

•997905 

•997915 

19 

.997924 

•997934 

•997943 

•997953 

.997962 

.997972 

20 

0.997982 

0.997992 

.0. 998002 

0. 998012 

0. 998022 

0.998032 

21 

.998042 

.998052 

•  998063 

.998073 

. 998084 

•  998094 

22 

.998104 

.998115 

.998126 

.998137 

.998148 

.998159 

23 

.998170 

.998181 

.998192 

.998203 

.998214 

.998225 

24 

.998237 

.998248 

.998260 

.998271 

.998283 

•  998294 

25 

0. 998306 

0.998318 

0.998330 

0.998341 

0.998353 

0.998365 

26 

.998377 

•  998389 

.998402 

.998414 

.998426 

•  998438 

27 

.998451 

. 998463 

.998476 

. 998488 

.998501 

•998513 

28 

.998526 

•998539 

.998551 

.998564 

•998577 

•  998590 

29 

. 998603 

. 998616 

.998629 

. 998642 

•998655 

. 998669 

30 

0. 998682 

0.998695 

0. 998708 

0.998722 

0.998735 

0.998749 

3i 

.998762 

.998776 

•  998789 

•  998803 

.998817 

. 998830 

32 

•  998844 

.998858 

.998872 

. 998886 

.998899 

.998913 

33 

•998927 

.998941 

.998956 

.998970 

•998984 

. 998998 

34 

.999012 

.999026 

.999041 

•  999055 

. 999069 

.999084 

35 

0.999098 

0.999112 

0.999127 

0.999141 

0.999156 

•  0.999170 

36 

.999185 

.999199 

.999214 

.999229 

•999243 

.999258 

37 

.999273 

.999288 

.999302 

.999317 

•999332 

•999347 

38 

•999362 

•999377 

.999392 

. 999406 

.999421 

•  999436 

39 

•999451 

•  999466 

.999482 

•  999497 

.999512 

•999527 

40 

0.999542 

0-999557 

0.999572 

0.999587 

0. 999602 

0.999618 

4i 

•999633 

•  999648 

•  999663 

.999678 

•  999694 

.999709 

42 

•999724 

•999739 

•999755 

•999770 

.999785 

. 999801 

43 

.999816 

.999831 

•  999847 

. 999862 

.999877 

•  999893 

44 

. 999908 

.999923 

•  999939 

•  999954 

•  999969 

.999985 

45 

1 . 000000 

1. 000015 

1. 000031 

1 . 000046 

1. 000061 

1. 000077 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


I99 


Table  84. 

RELATIVE  ACCELERATION  OF  CRAVITY  AT  DIFFERENT  LATITUDES. 

Ratio  of  the  acceleration  of  gravity  at  sea  level  for  each  io'  of  latitude,  to  its  acceleration  at 

latitude  45  °. 


- —  =  1  —  0.002640  cos  2  0  +  0.000007  cos 2  2  4> 

S  45 


Latitude. 

O' 

10' 

20' 

30' 

40' 

50' 

45 

I . cooooo 

1. 000015 

1. 000031 

1 . 000046 

1. 000061 

1. 000077 

46 

092 

108 

123 

138 

153 

169 

47 

184 

200 

215 

230 

246 

261 

48 

276 

291 

307 

3  22 

337 

352 

49 

368 

383 

398 

4i3 

428 

444 

50 

I . 000459 

1.000474 

1 . 000489 

1 . 000504 

1. 000519 

1 . 000534 

5i 

549 

564 

579 

594 

609 

624 

52 

639 

654 

669 

684 

699 

7i3 

53 

728 

743 

758 

773 

787 

802 

54 

816 

831 

846 

860 

875 

889 

55 

1 . 000904 

1.000918 

1 . 000933 

1 . 000947 

1. 000961 

1. 000976 

56 

0990 

1004 

1018 

1033 

1047 

1061 

57 

1075 

1089 

1103 

1117 

1131 

ii45 

58 

ii59 

ii73 

1186 

1200 

1214 

1227 

59 

1241 

1255 

1268 

1282 

1295 

1308 

60 

1. 001322 

1 -001335 

1. 001348 

1. 001362 

1. 001375 

1. 001388 

61 

1401 

1414 

1427 

1440 

1453 

1466  J 

62 

1478 

1491 

1504 

1517 

1529 

1542 

63 

1554 

1567 

1579 

i59i 

1604 

1616 

64 

1628 

1640 

11652 

1664 

1676 

1688 

65 

1. 001700 

1. 001712 

1. 001723 

1. 001735 

1. 001747 

1.001758 

66 

1770 

1781 

1792 

1804 

1815 

1826 

67 

1837 

1848 

1859 

1870 

1881 

1892 

68 

1903 

1913 

1924 

1935 

1945 

1955 

69 

1966 

1976 

1986 

1996 

2007 

2017 

70 

1.002026 

1. 002036 

1 . 002046 

1 . 002056 

1 . 002066 

1.002075 

7i 

2085 

2094 

2104 

2113 

2122 

2131  j 

72 

2140 

2149 

2158 

2167 

2176 

2185 

73 

2194 

2202 

2211 

2219 

2227 

2236 

74 

2244 

2252 

2260 

2268 

2276 

2284 

75 

1. 002292 

1. 002299 

1. 002307 

1. 002314 

1. 002322 

1.002329 

76 

2336 

2344 

2351 

2358 

2365 

2372 

77 

2378 

2385 

2392 

2398 

2405 

2411 

78 

2418 

2424 

2430 

2436 

2442 

2448 

79 

2454 

2460 

2465 

2471 

2476 

2482 

80 

1.002487 

1.002492 

1. 002497 

1. 002502 

1. 002507 

1. 002512  I 

81 

2.517 

2522 

2527 

2531 

2536 

2540 

82 

2544 

2548 

2553 

2557 

2561 

2564  | 

83 

2568 

2572 

2576 

2579 

2582 

2586  j 

84 

1  2589 

2592 

2595 

2598 

2691 

2604 

85 

1 . 002607 

1.002609 

1. 002612 

1. 002614 

1. 002617 

1.002619  1 

86 

2621 

2623 

2625 

2627 

2629 

2631  | 

87 

2632 

2634 

2636 

2637 

2638 

2639 

88 

2641 

2642 

2643 

2643 

2644 

2645 

89 

90 

2645 

1 . 002647 

2646 

2646 

2647 

2647 

2647 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


200 


Table  85 


LENGTH  OF  ONE  DEGREE  OF  THE  MERIDIAN  AT  DIFFERENT 

LATITUDES. 


Latitude. 

Meters. 

Sta‘ute 

M.les. 

Geography 

Mi.es. 

V  of  the  Eq. 

Latitude. 

Meters. 

Statute 

Miles. 

Geographic 

Miles. 

1'of  the  Eq. 

0° 

110568.5 

68.703 

59-594 

45° 

hi  132. 1 

69.054 

59.898 

i 

110568.8 

68.704 

59-594 

46 

in  151.9 

69.067 

59.908 

2 

110569.8 

68.705 

59-595 

47 

in  171.6 

69.079 

59-9I9 

3 

110571.5 

68.706 

59-596 

48 

hi  191.3 

69.091 

59-929 

4 

110573.9 

68.707 

59-597 

49 

hi  210.9 

69.103 

59-940 

5 

110577.0 

68.709 

59-598 

50 

hi  230.5 

69.115 

59-951 

6 

110580.7 

68.711 

59.600 

5i 

hi  249.9 

69.127 

59-96i 

7 

•  110585.1 

68.714 

59-6o3 

52 

hi  269.2 

69-I39 

59-972 

8 

1 10  590. 2 

68.717 

59.606 

53 

in  288.3 

69.151 

59.982 

9 

110595.9 

68.721 

59.609 

54 

111307.3 

69.163 

59-992 

10 

110602.3 

68.725 

59.612 

55 

in  326.0 

69.175 

60.002 

ii 

110609.3 

68.729 

59.616 

56 

m  344-5 

69. 186 

60.012 

12 

110617.0 

68.734 

59.620 

57 

111362.7 

69.198 

60.022 

13 

no  625.3 

68.739 

59-625 

58 

in  380.7 

69. 209 

60.032 

14 

110634.2 

68.745 

59.629 

59 

111398.4 

69.220 

60.041 

15 

110643.7 

68.751 

59-634 

60 

in  415.7 

69.230 

60.051 

16 

110653.8 

68.757 

59.640 

61 

in  432.7 

69. 241 

60.060 

17 

110664.5 

68.763 

59.646 

62 

in  449.4 

69.251 

60.069 

iS 

110675.7 

68.770 

59-652 

63 

111465.7 

69.261 

60.077 

19 

110687.5 

68.778 

59-658 

64 

111481.5 

69.271 

60.086 

20 

110699.9 

68.786 

59-665 

65 

in  497.0 

69.281 

60.094 

21 

110712.8 

68.794 

59.672 

66 

in  512.0 

69.290 

60. 102 

22 

110726.2 

68.802 

59-679 

67 

111526.5 

69.299 

60.110 

23 

1 10  740. 1 

68.810 

59.686 

68 

ni  540.5 

69.308 

60.118 

24 

no  754.4 

68.819 

59.694 

69 

III554-I 

69.316 

60.125 

25 

110769.2 

68.829 

!  59-702 

70 

111567.1 

69.324 

60. 132 

26 

110784.5 

68.838 

;  59.71P 

7i 

ni  579.7  ! 

69.332 

60.139 

2  7 

110800.2 

68.848 

59-?i9 

72 

111591.6 

69.340 

60.145 

28 

110816.3 

68.858 

59-727 

73 

in  603.0 

69-347 

60.151 

29 

110832.8 

68.868 

59-736 

74 

111613.9 

69-354 

60.157 

30 

110849.7 

68.879 

59-745 

75 

in  624.1 

69.360 

60.163 

3i 

110866.9 

68.889 

59-755 

76 

111633.8 

69.366 

60.168 

32 

110884.4 

68.900 

59.764 

77 

in  642.8 

69.372 

60.173 

33 

1 10  902. 3 

68.911 

59-774 

78 

in  651.2 

69-377 

60.177 

34 

no  920.4 

68.923 

59.784 

79 

in  659.0 

69.382 

60.182 

35 

110938.8 

68.934 

59-794 

80 

in  666.2 

69.386 

60. 186 

36 

no  957.4 

68.946 

59.804 

81 

in  672.6 

69.390 

60.189 

37 

110976.3 

68.957 

59.814 

82 

111678.5 

69.394 

60.192 

38 

no  995.3 

68.969 

59.824 

83 

in  683.6 

69-397 

60.195 

39 

in  014.5 

68.981 

59-834 

84 

in  688.1 

69.400 

60.197 

40 

in  033.9 

68.993 

59-845 

85 

in  691.9 

69.402 

60. 199 

4i 

in  053.4 

69.005 

59-855 

86 

in  695.0 

69.404 

6c.  201 

42 

in  073.0 

69.017 

59.866 

87 

in  697.4 

69.405 

60. 202 

43 

111092.6 

69.029 

59-876 

88 

in  699. 2 

69.407 

60. 203 

44 

in  112.4 

69.042 

59-887 

89 

in  700.2 

69.407 

60.204 

45 

in  132.1 

69.054 

59.898 

90 

in  700.6 

69.407 

60. 204 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


201 


Table  86. 


LENGTH  OF  ONE  DEGREE  OF  THE  PARALLEL  AT  DIFFERENT 

LATITUDES. 


Latitude. 

Meters. 

Statute 

Miles. 

Geographic 

Miles. 

V  of  the  Eq. 

Latitude. 

Meters. 

Statute 

Miles. 

Geographic 

Miles. 

1' of  the  Eq. 

0° 

in  321.9 

69.171 

60.000 

45° 

78850.0 

48.995 

42.498 

i 

in  305.2 

69.162 

59.991 

46 

77  466.5 

48.135 

41.753 

2 

111254.6 

69.130 

59.964 

47 

76059.2 

47.261 

40.994 

3 

in  170.4 

69.078 

59.918 

48 

74628.5 

46.372 

40.223 

4 

III  052.6 

69.005 

59.855 

49 

73  174.9 

45469 

39.440 

5 

110901.2 

68.911 

59*773 

50 

71  698.9 

44.552 

38.644 

6 

110716.2 

68.796 

59-673 

51 

70  200.8 

43.621 

37.837 

7 

1 10  497. 7 

68.660 

59-556 

52 

68  681. 1 

42.676 

37.018 

8 

110245.8 

68.503 

59420 

53 

67  140.3 

4I.7TO 

36.187 

9 

109  960.5 

68.326 

59.266 

54 

65  578.8 

40.749 

35.346 

10 

109  641.9 

68.128 

59.095 

55 

63997.1 

39.766 

34-493 

ii 

109  290. 1 

67.909 

58.905 

56 

62  395.7 

38.771 

33-630 

12 

108905.2 

67.670 

58.697 

57 

60775.1 

37.764 

32.757 

13 

108487.3 

67.411 

58.472 

58 

59I35.7 

36.745 

3I.873 

14 

108036.6 

67.131 

58.229 

59 

57  478.1 

35.7I5 

30.979 

15 

107  553-1 

66.830 

57.969 

60 

55  802.8 

34.674 

30.076 

16 

107037.0 

66.510 

57.690 

61 

54110.2 

33.622 

29.164 

17 

106  488.5 

66. 169 

57-395 

62 

52400.9 

32.560 

28.243 

18 

105  907.7 

65.808 

57.082 

63 

50675.4 

31.488 

27.313 

19 

105294.7 

65427 

56.751 

64 

48934.3 

30.406 

26.374 

20 

104649.8 

65.026 

56404 

65 

47  178.0 

29.315 

25.428 

21 

103973.2 

64.606 

56.039 

66 

45407.1 

28.215 

24-473  1 

22 

103  265.0 

64.166 

55.657 

67 

43  622.2 

27. 106 

23-5TI 

23 

102525.4 

63.706 

55-259 

68 

41  823.8 

25.988 

22.542 

24 

101  754.6 

63.227 

54.843 

69 

40012.4 

24.862 

21.566 

25 

100953.0 

62.729 

544II 

70 

38188.6 

23.729 

20.583 

26 

100  120.6 

62.212 

53.963 

7i 

36353.0 

22.589 

19.593 

27 

99  257.8 

61.676 

53498 

72 

34506.2 

21.441 

18.598 

28 

98  364.8 

61.121 

53.oi6 

73 

32  648.6 

20.287 

17-597 

29 

97441.9 

60.548 

52.519 

74 

30  780.9 

I9.I26 

16.590 

30 

96489.3 

59-956 

52.006 

75 

28903.6 

17.960 

15.578 

3i 

°5  507.3 

59-345 

51476 

76 

27  017.4 

16.788 

14-562 

32 

94496.2 

58.717 

50.931 

77 

25  122.8 

15.611 

13-541 

33 

93  456.3 

58.071 

50.371 

78 

23  220.4 

14.428 

12.515 

34 

92  387-9 

57.407 

49*795 

79 

21  310.8 

I3.242 

II.486 

35 

91  291.3 

56.726 

49.204 

80 

19  394.6 

12.051 

10.453 

36 

90  166.8 

56.027 

48.598 

81 

17472.4 

IO.857 

9.417 

37 

89014.8 

55-311 

47-977 

82 

15  544.7 

9.659 

8.378 

33 

87  835.6 

54-578 

47-341 

83 

13  612.2 

8.458 

7-337 

39 

86  629.6 

53-829 

46.691 

84 

11675-5 

7.255 

6.293 

40 

85  397-0 

53.063 

46.027 

85 

9735-1 

6.049 

5-247 

41 

84  138.4 

52.281 

45-349 

86 

7791.7 

4.841 

4.200 

42 

82  854.0 

51483 

44.656 

87 

5845.9 

3.632 

3-I5I 

43 

81  544-2 

50.669 

43-950 

88 

3898.3 

2.422 

2.IOI 

44 

80  209.4 

49.840 

43-231 

89 

1  949.4 

I.2II 

1.051 

45 

78  850.0 

48.995 

42.498 

90 

0.0 

0.000 

0.000 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


202 


Table  87 


DURATION  OF  SUNSHINE  AT  DIFFERENT  LATITUDES. 


Declination 

of 

the  Sun. 

LATITUDE  NORTH. 

0 

5 

° 

10° 

J5° 

20° 

25° 

30° 

35° 

40° 

h. 

tn. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

—  23c 

27' 

12 

7 

II 

50 

II 

32 

II 

14 

IO 

55 

IO 

35 

IO 

13 

9  48 

9 

T9 

-23 

20 

12 

7 

II 

50 

II 

32 

II 

14 

IO 

56 

IO 

36 

IO 

14 

9  49 

9 

20 

-23 

0 

12 

7 

II 

50 

II 

33 

II 

15 

IO 

57 

IO 

37 

IO 

15 

9 

51 

9 

23 

-22  40 

12 

7 

II 

50 

II 

33 

II 

16 

IO 

58 

IO 

38 

IO 

17 

9 

53 

9 

26 

—  22 

20 

12 

7 

II 

51 

II 

34 

II 

17 

IO 

59 

IO 

40 

IO 

19 

9 

55 

9 

29 

—  22 

0 

12 

7 

II 

51 

II 

34 

II 

18 

II 

0 

IO 

4i 

IO 

20 

9 

58 

9 

31 

-21 

40 

12 

7 

II 

51 

II 

35 

II 

19 

II 

1 

IO 

43 

IO 

22 

IO 

0 

9 

34 

—  21 

20 

12 

7 

II 

52 

II 

35 

II 

19 

II 

2 

IO 

44 

IO 

24 

IO 

2 

9 

37 

—  21 

0 

12 

7 

II 

52 

II 

36 

II 

20 

II 

4 

IO 

46 

IO  26 

IO 

4 

9 

40 

-20  40 

12 

7 

II 

52 

II 

37 

II 

21 

II 

5 

IO 

47 

IO 

28 

IO 

6 

9 

42 

—  20 

20 

12 

7 

II 

52 

II 

37 

II 

22 

II 

6 

IO 

49 

IO 

29 

IO 

8 

9 

45 

—  20 

0 

12 

7 

II 

53 

II 

38 

II 

23 

II 

7 

IO 

50 

IO 

31 

IO 

11 

9 

47 

-  19 

40 

12 

7 

II 

53 

II 

38 

II 

23 

II 

8 

IO 

5i 

IO 

33 

IO 

13 

9 

50 

-  19 

20 

12 

7 

II 

53 

II 

39 

II 

24 

II 

9 

IO 

53 

IO 

35 

IO 

15 

9 

53 

-19 

0 

12 

7 

II 

53 

II 

39 

II 

25 

II 

IO 

IO 

54 

IO 

37 

IO 

17 

9 

55 

-18 

40 

12 

7 

II 

54 

II 

40 

II 

26 

II 

11 

IO 

55 

IO 

38 

IO 

T9 

9 

58 

-  18 

20 

12 

7 

II 

54 

II 

40 

II 

27 

II 

12 

IO 

57 

IO  40 

IO 

21 

IO 

1 

-78 

0 

12 

7 

II 

54 

II 

4i 

II 

28 

II 

13 

IO 

58 

IO  42 

IO 

23 

IO 

3 

-17 

40 

12 

7 

II 

54 

II 

4i 

II 

28 

II 

14 

IO 

59 

IO 

43 

IO 

26 

IO 

5 

-17 

20 

12 

7 

II 

55 

II 

42 

II 

29 

II 

15 

II 

1 

IO 

45 

IO 

28 

IO 

8 

-17 

0 

12 

7 

II 

55 

II 

42 

II 

30 

II 

16 

II 

2 

IO  47 

IO 

30 

IO 

IO 

-16 

40 

12 

7 

II 

55 

II 

43 

II 

31 

II 

17 

II 

4 

10  49 

IO 

32 

IO 

13 

—  16 

20 

12 

7 

II 

55 

II 

43 

II 

31 

II 

18 

II 

5 

IO 

50 

IO 

34 

IO 

16 

-16 

0 

12 

7 

II 

56 

II 

44 

II 

32 

II 

19 

II 

6 

IO 

52 

IO 

36 

IO 

18 

-  15 

40 

12 

7 

II 

56 

II 

44 

II 

33 

II 

20 

II 

8 

IO 

53 

IO 

38 

IO 

20 

-  15 

20 

12 

7 

II 

56 

II 

45 

II 

34 

II 

21 

II 

9 

IO 

55 

IO 

40 

IO 

23 

-  15 

0 

12 

7 

II 

56 

II 

45 

II 

34 

II 

22 

II 

IO 

IO  57 

IO 

42 

IO 

25 

-  14 

40 

12 

7 

II 

57 

II 

46 

II 

35 

II 

23 

II 

11 

IO 

59 

IO 

44 

IO 

28 

-  14 

20 

12 

7 

II 

57 

II 

46 

II 

36 

II 

25 

II 

13 

II 

0 

IO 

46 

IO 

30 

-14 

0 

12 

7 

II 

57 

II 

47 

II 

37 

II 

26 

II 

14 

II 

2 

IO 

48 

IO 

32 

-13 

40 

12 

7 

II 

57 

II 

47 

II 

37 

II 

27 

II 

16 

II 

4 

IO 

50 

IO 

35 

-  13 

20 

12 

7 

II 

58 

II 

48 

II 

38 

II 

28 

II 

17 

II 

5 

IO 

52 

IO 

37 

-13 

0 

12 

7 

11 

58 

II 

48 

II 

39 

II 

29 

II 

18 

II 

7 

IO 

54 

IO 

40 

-12 

40 

12 

7 

II 

58 

II 

49 

II 

40 

II 

30 

II 

19 

II 

8 

IO 

56 

IO 

42 

—  12 

20 

12 

7 

II 

58 

II 

49 

II 

40 

II 

3i 

II 

21 

II 

IO 

IO 

58 

IO 

44 

—  12 

0 

12 

7 

II 

58 

II 

50 

II 

4i 

II 

32 

II 

22 

II 

11 

II 

0 

IO 

47 

-  1  1 

40 

12 

7 

II 

59 

II 

50 

II 

42 

II 

33 

II 

23 

II 

13 

II 

2 

IO 

49 

—  11 

20 

12 

7 

II 

59 

II 

5i 

II 

43 

II 

34 

II 

25 

II 

15 

II 

4 

TO 

52 

—  11 

0 

12 

7 

II 

59 

II 

5i 

II 

43 

II 

35 

II 

26 

II 

16 

II 

6 

IO 

54 

-10 

40 

12 

7 

II 

59 

II 

52 

II 

44 

II 

36 

II 

27 

II 

18 

II 

8 

IO 

56 

—  10 

20 

12 

7 

12 

0 

II 

52 

II 

45 

II 

37 

II 

28 

II 

20 

II 

IO 

IO 

59 

—  10 

0 

12 

7 

12 

0 

II 

53 

II 

46 

II 

38 

II 

30 

II 

21 

II 

12 

II 

1 

-  9 

40 

12 

7 

12 

0 

II 

53 

II 

46 

II 

39 

II 

3i 

II 

23 

II 

14 

II 

3 

-  9 

20 

12 

7 

12 

0 

II 

54 

II 

47 

II 

40 

II 

32 

II 

24 

II 

16 

II 

5 

-  9 

0 

12 

7 

12 

1 

II 

54 

II 

47 

II 

4i 

II 

34 

II 

26 

1 1 

17 

II 

8 

-  8 

40 

12 

7 

12 

1 

II 

55 

II 

48 

II 

42 

II 

35 

II 

28 

II 

19 

II 

IO 

-  8 

20 

12 

7 

12 

1 

II 

55 

II 

49 

II 

43 

II 

36 

II 

29 

II 

21 

II 

12 

-  8 

0 

12 

7 

12 

1 

II 

56 

II 

50 

II 

44 

II 

37 

II 

3i 

II 

23 

II 

14 

6MITH8ONIAN  TABLES. 


203 


Table  87 


DURATION  OF  SUNSHINE  AT  DIFFERENT  LATITUDES, 


Declination 

LATITUDE  NORTH. 

of 

the  Sun. 

42° 

44° 

46° 

0 

00 

0 

0 

in 

52° 

54° 

56° 

58° 

60°  ! 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h.  m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h.  m. 

h. 

m. 

h.  m. 

-23 

0  27' 

9 

7 

8 

53 

8 

38 

8  22 

8 

4 

7 

44 

7 

22 

6  56 

6 

27 

5  52 : 

-23 

20 

9 

8 

8 

54 

8 

39 

8  23 

8 

5 

7 

45 

7 

24 

6  58 

6 

29 

5  54 

-23 

0 

9 

11 

8 

58 

8 

43 

8  28 

8 

IO 

7 

50 

7 

29 

7  4 

6 

36 

6  2 

-22  40 

9 

14 

9 

1 

8 

46 

8  31 

8 

14 

7 

55 

7 

34 

7  IO 

6 

43 

6  9 

—  22 

20 

9 

17 

9 

4 

8 

50 

8  35 

8 

18 

8 

0 

7 

39 

7  16 

6 

49 

6  17 

—  22 

0 

9 

20 

9 

7 

8 

53 

8  38 

8 

22 

8 

4 

7 

44 

7  22 

6 

55 

6  25 

-21 

40 

9 

23 

9 

IO 

8 

57 

8  42 

8 

26 

8 

9 

7 

49 

7  27 

7 

1 

6  32 

—  21 

20 

9 

26 

9 

13 

9 

1 

8  46 

8 

3° 

8 

13 

7 

54 

7  32 

7 

8 

6  38 

—  21 

0 

9 

28 

9 

17 

9 

4 

8  50 

8 

34 

8 

18 

7 

59 

7  38 

7 

14 

6  46 

-20  40 

9 

3i 

9 

20 

9 

7 

8  53 

8 

38 

8 

22 

8 

4 

7  43 

7 

20 

6  52 

—  20 

20 

9 

34 

9 

23 

9 

11 

8  57 

8 

42 

8 

26 

8 

8 

7  49 

7 

25 

6  59 

—  20 

0 

9  37 

9 

26 

9 

14 

9  1 

8 

46 

8 

3i 

8 

13 

7  54 

7 

3i 

7  5 

-19 

40 

9 

40 

9 

29 

9 

17 

9  4 

8 

50 

8 

35 

8 

18 

7  59 

7 

37 

7  12 

-19 

20 

9 

43 

9 

32 

9 

20 

9  7 

8 

54 

8 

39 

8 

23 

8  4 

7 

43 

7  18 

-19 

0 

9 

46 

9 

35 

9 

24 

9  n 

8 

58 

8 

43 

8 

27 

8  9 

7 

48 

7.  25 

j  -18 

40 

9 

48 

9 

38 

9 

27 

9  15 

9 

2 

8 

47 

8  32 

8  14 

7 

54 

7  3i 

-18 

20 

9 

5i 

9 

4i 

9 

30 

9  19 

9 

6 

8 

52 

8  36 

8  19 

7 

59 

7  37 

1  -lS 

0 

9 

54 

9 

44 

9 

34 

9  22 

9 

IO 

8 

56 

8  41 

8  24 

8 

5 

7  43 

-17 

40 

9 

56 

9 

47 

9 

37 

9  25 

9 

13 

9 

0 

8 

45 

8  29 

8 

IO 

7  49 

-  17 

20 

9 

59 

9 

50 

9 

40 

9  29 

9 

17 

9 

4 

8 

50 

8  34 

8 

15 

7  55 

-17 

0 

10 

2 

9 

53 

9  43 

9  32 

9 

21 

9 

8 

8 

54 

8  38 

8 

20 

8  1 

-16 

40 

10 

5 

9  56 

9 

46 

9  35 

9 

25 

9 

12 

8 

58 

8  43 

8 

26 

8  6 

—  16 

20 

10 

7 

9 

59 

9 

49 

9  39 

9 

28 

9 

16 

9 

2 

8  47 

8 

3i 

,  8  12 

—  16 

0 

10 

IO 

IO 

1 

9 

52 

9  43 

9 

32 

9 

20 

9 

7 

8  52 

8 

36 

8  17 

-15 

40 

10 

12 

IO 

4 

9 

55 

9  46 

9 

35 

9 

24 

9 

11 

8  57 

8 

4i 

-15 

20 

10 

15 

IO 

7 

9 

58 

9  49 

9 

39 

9 

28 

9 

15 

9  2 

8 

46 

8  29 

-15 

0 

10 

18 

IO 

IO 

IO 

1 

9  52 

9  43 

9 

3i 

9 

19 

9  6 

8  51 

8  34 

-14 

40 

10 

20 

IO 

13 

IO 

4 

9  56 

9  46 

9 

35 

9 

23 

9  11 

8  56 

8  40 

-  14 

20 

10 

23 

IO 

16 

IO 

7 

9  59 

9  49 

9 

39 

9 

28 

9  15 

9 

1 

8  45 

j  -14 

0 

10 

26 

IO 

19 

IO 

IO 

IO  2 

9  53 

9  43 

9 

32 

9  19 

9 

6 

8  50 

-  13 

40 

10 

28 

IO 

21 

IO 

13 

10  5 

9  56 

9  47 

9  36 

9  24 

9 

11 

8  56 

-13 

20 

10 

3i 

IO 

24 

IO 

16 

10  8 

IO 

0 

9  5o 

9 

40 

9  28 

9 

16 

9  1 

-13 

0 

10 

33 

IO 

26 

IO 

19 

IO  II 

IO 

3 

9  54 

9 

44 

9  33 

9 

20 

9  6 

-  12 

40 

10 

36 

IO 

29 

IO 

22 

10  15 

IO 

7 

9  58 

9 

48 

9  37 

9 

25 

9  11 

—  12 

20 

TO 

38 

IO 

32 

IO 

25 

10  18 

IO 

IO 

IO 

1 

9 

52 

9  4i 

9 

30 

9  17 

—  12 

0 

IO 

4i 

IO 

35 

IO 

28 

IO  21 

IO 

13 

IO 

5 

9 

56 

9  46 

9 

35 

9  22 

-  1  1 

40 

IO 

44 

IO 

38 

IO 

3i 

IO  25 

IO 

17 

IO 

9 

IO 

0 

9  50 

9 

39 

9  27 

—  11 

20 

IO 

46 

10 

40 

IO 

34 

IO  28 

IO 

20 

IO 

13 

IO 

4 

9  55 

9 

44 

9  32 

—  11 

0 

IO 

49 

IO 

43 

IO 

37 

IO  31 

IO 

23 

IO 

16 

IO 

8 

9  59 

9  49 

9  37 

-10 

40 

IO 

5i 

IO 

46 

IO 

40 

IO  34 

IO 

27 

IO 

19 

IO 

12 

10  3 

9  53 

9  42 

—  10 

20 

IO 

53 

IO 

49 

IO 

43 

10  37 

IO 

3i 

IO 

23 

IO 

16 

10  7 

9  58 

9  47 

—  10 

0 

IO 

56 

IO 

5i 

IO 

46 

10  40 

IO 

34 

10 

27 

IO 

19 

IO  II 

IO 

3 

9  52 

-  9 

40 

IO 

59 

IO 

54 

IO 

49 

IO  43 

IO 

37 

IO 

3i 

10 

23 

10  16 

IO 

7 

9  57 

-  9 

20 

II 

1 

IO 

56 

IO 

52 

10  46 

IO 

40 

IO 

34 

IO 

27 

IO  20 

IO 

11 

IO  2 

-  9 

0 

II 

3 

IO 

59 

IO 

55 

10  49 

IO 

44 

IO 

37 

IO 

3i 

10  24 

IO 

16 

10  7 

1  -  8 

40 

II 

6 

II 

2 

IO 

57 

10  52 

IO 

47 

IO 

4i 

IO 

34 

10  28 

IO 

20 

IO  II 

-  8 

20 

II 

8 

II 

4 

II 

0 

10  55 

IO 

50 

IO 

44 

IO 

38 

10  32 

IO  25 

IO  16 

-  8 

0 

II 

IO 

II 

7 

II 

3 

10  58 

IO 

53 

IO 

48 

IO 

42 

10  36 

IO 

29 

IO  21 

1 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


204 


Table  87. 

DURATION  OF  SUNSHINE  AT  DIFFERENT  LATITUDES. 


Declination 

of 

the  Sun. 

LATITUDE  NORTH. 

0 

0 

5° 

10° 

15° 

0 

0 

CM 

25° 

30° 

35° 

0 

0 

"t 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

V 

0 

0 

co 

1 

12 

7 

12 

I 

II 

55 

II 

50 

II 

44 

II 

37 

II 

31 

II 

23 

II 

14 

-7  40 

12 

7 

12 

I 

II 

56 

11 

50 

II 

45 

II 

38 

II 

32 

II 

25 

II 

17 

“7 

20 

12 

7 

12 

I 

II 

56 

II 

51 

II 

46 

II 

40 

II 

34 

II 

27 

II 

19 

-7 

0 

12 

7 

12 

2 

II 

57 

II 

52 

II 

47 

II 

4i 

II 

35 

II 

29 

II 

22 

-6 

40 

12 

7 

12 

2 

II 

57 

II 

53 

II 

48 

II 

42 

II 

37 

II 

31 

II 

24 

—  6 

20 

12 

7 

12 

2 

II 

58 

II 

53 

II 

49 

II 

43 

11 

38 

II 

32 

II 

26 

—  6 

0 

12 

7 

12 

2 

II 

58 

II 

54 

II 

50 

II 

45 

II 

40 

II 

34 

II 

28 

-5 

40 

12 

7 

12 

3 

II 

59 

II 

55 

II 

5i 

II 

46 

II 

4i 

II 

36 

II 

31 

-5 

20 

12 

7 

12 

3 

II 

59 

11 

55 

II 

52 

II 

47 

11 

43 

II 

38 

II 

33 

-5 

0 

12 

7 

12 

3 

12 

0 

II 

56 

II 

53 

II 

49 

11 

44 

II 

40 

II 

35 

-4 

40 

12 

7 

12 

3 

12 

0 

II 

57 

II 

54 

II 

50 

11 

46 

II 

42 

II 

37 

-4 

20 

12 

7 

12 

4 

12 

1 

II 

58 

II 

55 

II 

5i 

II 

47 

II 

44 

II 

40 

-4 

0 

12 

7 

12 

4 

12 

1 

II 

58 

II 

56 

II 

52 

11 

49 

II 

46 

II 

42 

-3 

40 

12 

7 

12 

4 

12 

2 

II 

59 

II 

57 

II 

53 

11 

5i 

II 

47 

II 

44 

-3 

20 

12 

7 

12 

4 

12 

2 

12 

0 

II 

58 

II 

55 

II 

52 

II 

49 

II 

46 

-3 

0 

12 

7 

12 

5 

12 

3 

12 

1 

II 

58 

II 

56 

11 

54 

II 

5i 

II 

49 

-2 

40 

12 

7 

12 

5 

12 

3 

12 

1 

II 

59 

II 

58 

11 

55 

II 

53 

II 

5i 

—  2 

20 

12 

7 

12 

5 

12 

4 

12 

2 

12 

0 

II 

59 

11 

57 

II 

55 

II 

53 

—  2 

0 

12 

7 

12 

5 

12 

4 

12 

3 

12 

1 

12 

0 

11 

58 

II 

57 

II 

55 

-  1 

40 

12 

7 

12 

5 

12 

4 

12 

4 

12 

2 

12 

1 

12 

0 

II 

59 

II 

58 

—  1 

20 

12 

7 

12 

6 

12 

5 

12 

4 

12 

3 

12 

2 

12 

2 

12 

1 

12 

0 

—  1 

0 

12 

7 

12 

6 

12 

5 

12 

5 

12 

4 

12 

4 

12 

3 

12 

2 

12 

2 

-0 

40 

12 

7 

12 

6 

12 

6 

12 

5 

12 

5 

12 

5 

12 

5 

12 

4 

12 

4 

—  0 

20 

12 

7 

12 

6 

12 

6 

12 

6 

12 

6 

12 

6 

12 

6 

12 

6 

12 

7 

0 

0 

12 

7 

12 

'7 

12 

7 

12 

7 

12 

7 

12 

7 

12 

8 

12 

8 

12 

9 

+  0 

20 

12 

7 

12 

7 

12 

7 

12 

8 

12 

8 

12 

8 

12 

9 

12 

10 

12 

11 

0 

40 

12 

7 

12 

7 

12 

8 

12 

8 

12 

9 

12 

10 

12 

11 

12 

12 

12 

13 

1 

0 

12 

7 

12 

7 

12 

8 

12 

9 

12 

10 

12 

11 

12 

13 

12 

14 

12 

15 

I 

20 

12 

7 

12 

8 

12 

9 

12 

10 

12 

11 

12 

13 

12 

14 

12 

16 

12 

17 

I 

40 

12 

7 

12 

8 

12 

9 

12 

10 

12 

12 

12 

14 

12 

16 

12 

17 

12 

20 

2 

0 

12 

7 

12 

8 

12 

10 

12 

11 

12 

13 

12 

15 

12 

17 

12 

19 

12 

22 

2 

20 

12 

7 

12 

8 

12 

10 

12 

12 

12 

14 

12 

16 

12 

19 

12 

21 

12 

25 

2 

40 

12 

7 

12 

9 

12 

11 

12 

13 

12 

15 

12 

17 

12 

20 

12 

23 

12 

27 

3 

0 

12 

7 

12 

9 

12 

11 

12 

13 

12 

16 

12 

19 

12 

22 

12 

25 

12 

29 

3 

20 

12 

7 

12 

9 

12 

12 

12 

14 

12 

1 7 

12 

20 

12 

23 

12 

27 

12 

3i 

3 

40 

12 

7 

12 

9 

12 

12 

12 

15 

12 

18 

12 

21 

12 

25 

12 

29 

12 

33 

4 

0 

12 

7 

12 

10 

12 

13 

12 

16 

12 

19 

12 

22 

12 

26 

12 

3i 

12 

35 

4 

20 

12 

7 

12 

10 

12 

13 

12 

16 

12 

20 

12 

23 

12 

28 

12 

32 

12 

38 

4 

40 

12 

7 

12 

10 

12 

14 

12 

17 

12 

21 

12 

25 

12 

29 

12 

34 

12 

40 

5 

0 

12 

7 

12 

10 

12 

14 

12 

18 

12 

22 

12 

26 

12 

3i 

12 

36 

12 

43 

5 

20 

12 

7 

12 

10 

12 

15 

12 

19 

12 

23 

12 

28 

12 

32 

12 

38 

12 

45 

5 

40 

12 

7 

12 

11 

12 

15 

12 

19 

12 

24 

12 

29 

12 

34 

12 

40 

12 

47 

6 

0 

12 

7 

12 

IT 

12 

16 

12 

20 

12 

25 

12 

30 

12 

35 

12 

42 

12 

49 

6 

20 

12 

7 

12 

II 

12 

16 

12 

21 

12 

26 

12 

3i 

12 

37 

12 

44 

12 

52 

6 

40 

12 

7 

12 

II 

12 

16 

12 

22 

12 

27 

12 

32 

12 

39 

12 

46 

12 

54 

7 

0 

12 

7 

12 

12 

12 

1.7 

12 

22 

12 

28 

12 

34 

12 

40 

12 

48 

12 

56 

7 

20 

12 

7 

12 

12 

12 

17 

12 

23 

12 

29 

12 

35 

12 

42 

12 

50 

12 

58 

7 

40 

12 

7 

12 

12 

12 

18 

12 

23 

12 

30 

12 

36 

12 

43 

12 

52 

13 

1 

8 

0 

12 

7 

1  12 

13 

12 

18 

12 

24 

12 

3i 

12 

38 

12 

45 

12 

53 

13 

3 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


205 


Table  87 


DURATION  OF  SUNSHINE  AT  DIFFERENT  LATITUDES. 


Declination 

of 

LATITUDE  NORTH. 

the  Sun. 

42° 

44° 

46° 

0 

00 

50° 

52° 

54° 

56° 

58° 

60° 

—  8C 

O' 

h. 

II 

m. 

II 

h. 

II 

m. 

7 

h. 

II 

m. 

3 

h. 

II 

m. 

58 

h. 

10 

m. 

53 

h. 

10 

m. 

48 

h. 

IO 

in. 

43 

h. 

IO 

m. 

36 

h. 

IO 

m. 

30 

li.  m. 

IO  21 

-7 

40 

II 

13 

II 

10 

II 

5 

II 

I 

10 

57 

10 

52 

IO 

46 

IO 

40 

10 

34 

IO  26 

-7 

20 

11 

16 

II 

12 

II 

8 

II 

4 

II 

0 

10 

55 

IO 

50 

IO 

44 

10 

38 

10  31 

-7 

0 

II 

19 

II 

15 

II 

II 

II 

7 

II 

3 

10 

59 

IO 

54 

IO 

48 

10 

42 

10  35 

-6 

40 

II 

21 

II 

17 

II 

14 

II 

10 

II 

7 

II 

2 

IO 

58 

IO 

52 

10 

47 

10  40 

-6 

20 

11 

23 

II 

20 

II 

17 

II 

13 

1 1 

10 

II 

5 

II 

1 

IO 

56  | 

10 

5i 

10  45 

-6 

0 

11 

26 

II 

23 

II 

20 

II 

16 

11 

13 

II 

9 

II 

5 

II 

0 

10 

55 

10  50 

-5 

40 

11 

28 

II 

25 

II 

23 

II 

19 

II 

16 

II 

13 

II 

8 

II 

4 

10 

59 

10  55 

-5 

20 

11 

31 

II 

28 

II 

25 

II 

22 

II 

19 

II 

16 

II 

13 

II 

8 

11 

4 

10  59 

-5 

0 

11 

33 

II 

3i 

II 

28 

II 

25 

II 

23 

II 

19 

II 

16 

II 

12 

11 

8 

11  4 

-4 

40 

II 

35 

II 

33 

II 

3i 

II 

28 

II 

26 

II 

23 

II 

20 

II 

16 

11 

13 

11  8 

-4 

20 

11 

38 

II 

36 

II 

34 

II 

3i 

II 

29 

II 

26 

II 

23 

II 

20 

11 

17 

11 

-4 

0 

11 

40 

II 

33 

II 

37 

II 

34 

II 

32 

II 

30 

II 

27 

II 

24 

11 

21 

11  18 

-3 

40 

11 

43 

II 

4i 

II 

39 

II 

37 

II 

35 

II 

33 

II 

3i 

II 

28 

11 

26 

11  22 

-3 

20 

II 

45 

II 

43 

II 

42 

II 

40 

II 

38 

1 1 

37 

II 

35 

II 

32 

11 

30 

11  27 

-3 

0 

II 

47 

T I 

46 

II 

45 

II 

43 

11 

42 

II 

40 

II 

38 

II 

36 

11 

34 

n  32 

-2 

40 

II 

50 

II 

49 

II 

47 

II 

46 

II 

45 

1 1 

44 

II 

42 

II 

40 

11 

38 

n  37 

—  2 

20 

II 

52 

II 

5i 

II 

50 

II 

49 

11 

48 

II 

47 

II 

46 

II 

44 

11 

43 

11  41 

—  2 

0 

11 

55 

II 

54 

II 

53 

II 

52 

II 

52 

II 

50 

II 

49 

II 

48 

11 

47 

11  46 

-  1 

40 

II 

57 

II 

56 

II 

55 

II 

55 

II 

55 

II 

54 

II 

53 

II 

52 

11 

5i 

11  50 

—  1 

20 

II 

59 

II 

59 

II 

53 

II 

58 

II 

58 

II 

57 

II 

57 

II 

56 

11 

56 

11  55 

—  1 

0 

12 

2 

12 

2 

12 

1 

12 

1 

12 

1  ' 

12 

1 

12 

1 

12 

0 

12 

0 

11  59 

-0 

40 

12 

4 

12 

4 

12 

4 

12 

4 

12 

4 

12 

4 

12 

4 

12 

4 

12 

4 

12  4 

—  0 

20 

12 

7 

12 

7 

12 

7 

12 

7 

12 

7 

12 

7 

12 

8 

12 

8 

12 

8 

12  9 

+  0 

0 

12 

9 

12 

9 

12 

10 

12 

10 

12 

10 

12 

11 

12 

11 

12 

12 

12 

13 

12  13 

0 

20 

12 

11 

12 

12 

12 

13 

12 

13 

12 

14 

12 

14 

12 

15 

12 

16 

12 

17 

12  18 

0 

40 

12 

14 

12 

14 

12 

15 

12 

16 

12 

17 

12 

17 

12 

19 

12 

20 

12 

21 

12  23 

1 

0 

12 

16 

12 

17 

12 

18 

12 

19 

12 

20 

12 

21 

12 

22 

12 

24 

12 

25 

12  27 

I 

20 

12 

19 

12 

20 

12 

20 

12 

22 

12 

23 

12 

25 

12 

26 

12 

28 

12 

29 

12  32 

I 

40 

12 

21 

12 

22 

12 

23 

12 

25 

12 

26 

12 

28 

12 

3° 

12 

32 

12 

34 

12  37 

2 

0 

12 

23 

12 

25 

12 

26 

12 

28 

12 

29 

12 

3i 

12 

34 

12 

36 

12 

38 

12  41 

2 

20 

12 

26 

12 

28 

12 

29 

12 

3i 

12 

32 

12 

35 

12 

37 

12 

40 

12 

43 

12  46 

2 

40 

12 

28 

12 

30 

12 

32 

12 

34 

12 

36 

12 

38 

12 

4i 

12 

44 

12 

47 

12  50 

3 

0 

12 

3i 

12 

32 

12 

35 

12 

37 

12 

39 

12 

4i 

12 

44 

12 

48 

12 

5i 

12  55 

3 

20 

12 

33 

12 

35 

12 

37 

12 

40 

12 

42 

12 

45 

12 

48 

12 

52 

12 

55 

13  0 

3 

40 

12 

35 

12 

38 

12 

40 

12 

43 

12 

46 

12 

49 

12 

52 

12 

56 

13 

0 

13  4 

4 

0 

12 

33 

12 

40 

12 

43 

12 

46 

12 

49 

12 

52 

12 

56 

13 

0 

13 

4 

13  9 

4 

20 

12 

40 

12 

43 

12 

46 

12 

49 

12 

52 

12 

55 

12 

59 

13 

4 

13 

8 

13  14 

4 

40 

12 

43 

12 

46 

12 

49 

12 

52 

12 

55 

12 

59 

13 

3 

13 

8 

13 

13 

13  19 

5 

0 

12 

45 

12 

48 

12 

5i 

12 

55 

12 

58 

13 

2 

13 

7 

13 

12 

13 

17 

13  23 

5 

20 

12 

47 

12 

5i 

12 

54 

12 

58 

13 

2 

13 

6 

13 

11 

13 

16 

13 

22 

13  28 

5 

40 

12 

50 

12 

53 

12 

57 

13 

1 

13 

5 

13 

10 

13 

14 

13 

20 

13 

26 

13  33 

6 

0 

12 

53 

12 

56 

12 

59 

13 

4 

13 

8 

13 

13 

13 

18 

13 

24 

13 

3i 

13  38 

6 

20 

12 

55 

12 

59 

13 

2 

13 

7 

13 

11 

13 

16 

13 

22 

13 

2S 

13 

35 

13  43 

6 

40 

12 

53 

13 

1 

13 

5 

13 

10 

13 

14 

13 

20 

13 

26 

13 

32 

13 

39 

13  47 

7 

0 

13 

0 

13 

4 

13 

8 

13 

13 

13 

18 

13 

23 

13 

29 

13 

36 

13 

44 

13  52 

7 

20 

13 

2 

13 

7 

13 

11 

13 

16 

13 

21 

13 

27 

13 

33 

13 

40 

13 

48 

13  57 

7 

40 

13 

5 

13 

9 

13 

14 

13 

19 

13 

25 

13 

3i 

13 

37 

13 

44 

13 

53 

14  2 

8 

0 

13 

7 

13 

12 

13 

17 

13 

22 

13 

28 

13 

34 

13 

4i 

13 

48 

13 

57 

14  7 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


206 


Table  87. 

DURATION  OF  SUNSHINE  AT  DIFFERENT  LATITUDES. 


Declination 

of 

the  Sun. 

LATITUDE  NORTH. 

0 

5 

O 

10° 

15° 

20° 

25° 

CO 

0 

0 

35° 

0 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

+  8° 

O' 

12 

7 

12 

13 

12 

18 

12 

24 

12 

31 

12 

38 

12 

45 

12 

53 

13 

3 

8 

20 

12 

7 

12 

13 

12 

19 

12 

25 

12 

32 

12 

39 

12 

47 

12 

55 

13 

5 

8 

40 

12 

7 

12 

13 

12 

19 

12 

26 

12 

33 

12 

40 

12 

48 

12 

57 

13 

8 

9 

0 

12 

7 

12 

13 

12 

20 

12 

26 

12 

34 

12 

4i 

12 

50 

12 

59 

13 

10 

9 

20 

12 

7 

12 

13 

12 

20 

12 

27 

12 

35 

12 

43 

12 

52 

13 

1 

J3 

13 

9 

40 

12 

7 

12 

14 

12 

21 

12 

28 

12 

36 

12 

44 

12 

53 

13 

3 

13 

14 

10 

0 

12 

7 

12 

14 

12 

21 

12 

29 

12 

37 

12 

45 

12 

55 

13 

5 

13 

T7 

10 

20 

12 

7 

12 

14 

12 

22 

12 

29 

12 

38 

12 

47 

12 

56 

13 

7 

13 

19 

10 

40 

12 

7 

12 

14 

12 

22 

12 

30 

12 

39 

12 

48 

12 

58 

13 

9 

13 

22 

II 

0 

12 

7 

12 

15 

12 

23 

12 

31 

12 

40 

12 

49 

12 

59 

13 

11 

13 

24 

11 

20 

12 

7 

12 

15 

12 

23 

12 

32 

12 

4i 

12 

50 

13 

1 

13 

13 

13 

26 

11 

40 

12 

7 

12 

15 

12 

24 

12 

32 

12 

42 

12 

52 

13 

2 

13 

15 

13 

29 

12 

0 

12 

7 

12 

15 

12 

24 

12 

33 

12 

43 

12 

53 

13 

4 

13 

17 

13 

3i 

12 

20 

12 

7 

12 

16 

12 

25 

12 

34 

12 

44 

12 

55 

13 

6 

13 

19 

13 

34 

12 

40 

12 

7 

12 

16 

12 

25 

12 

35 

12 

45 

12 

56 

13 

8 

13 

21 

13 

36 

13 

0 

12 

7 

12 

16 

12 

26 

12 

35 

12 

46 

12 

57 

13 

9 

13 

23 

13 

38 

13 

20 

12 

7 

12 

16 

12 

26 

12 

36 

12 

47 

12 

58 

13 

11 

13 

25 

13 

4i 

13 

40 

12 

7 

12 

17 

12 

27 

12 

37 

12 

48 

13 

0 

13 

13 

13 

27 

13 

43 

14 

0 

12 

7 

12 

17 

12 

27 

12 

38 

12 

49 

13 

1 

13 

14 

13 

29 

13 

46 

14 

20 

12 

7 

12 

17 

12 

28 

12 

39 

12 

50 

13 

2 

13 

16 

13 

3i 

13 

48 

14 

40 

12 

7 

12 

1 7 

12 

28 

12 

40 

12 

5i 

13 

4 

13 

17 

13 

33 

13 

5i 

15 

0 

12 

7 

12 

18 

12 

29 

12 

40 

12 

52 

13 

5 

13 

19 

13 

35 

13 

53 

15 

20 

12 

7 

12 

18 

12 

29 

12 

4i 

12 

53 

13 

7 

13 

21 

13 

37 

13 

56 

15 

40 

12 

7 

12 

18 

12 

30 

12 

4i 

12 

54 

13 

8 

13 

23 

13 

39 

13 

58 

16 

0 

12 

7 

12 

19 

12 

30 

12 

42 

12 

55 

13 

9 

13 

25 

13 

4i 

14 

1 

16 

20 

12 

7 

12 

19 

12 

31 

12 

43 

12 

56 

13 

11 

13 

26 

13 

43 

14 

3 

16 

40 

12 

7 

12 

19 

12 

31 

12 

44 

12 

58 

13 

12 

13 

28 

13 

45 

14 

6 

17 

0 

12 

7 

12 

19 

12 

32 

12 

45 

12 

59 

13 

13 

13 

29 

13 

47 

14 

8 

17 

20 

12 

7 

12 

20 

12 

32 

12 

46 

13 

0 

13 

15 

13 

3i 

13 

50 

14 

11 

17 

40 

12 

7 

12 

20 

12 

33 

12 

46 

13 

1 

13 

16 

13 

33 

13 

52 

14 

14 

18 

0 

12 

7 

12 

20 

12 

33 

12 

47 

13 

2 

13 

17 

13 

35 

13 

54 

14 

16 

18 

20 

12 

7 

12 

20 

12 

34 

12 

48 

13 

3 

13 

19 

13 

37 

13 

56 

14 

19 

18 

40 

12 

7 

12 

21 

12 

34 

12 

49 

13 

4 

13 

20 

13 

38 

13 

58 

14 

22 

19 

0 

12 

7 

12 

21 

12 

35 

12 

50 

13 

5 

13 

22 

13 

40 

14 

0 

14 

24 

19 

20 

12 

7 

12 

21 

12 

35 

12 

5i 

13 

6 

13 

23 

13 

42 

14 

2 

14 

26 

19 

40 

12 

7 

12 

22 

12 

36 

12 

52 

13 

7 

13 

25 

13 

44 

14 

5 

14 

29 

20 

0 

12 

7 

12 

22 

12 

36 

12 

52 

13 

8 

13 

26 

13 

46 

14 

7 

14 

32 

20 

20 

12 

7 

12 

22 

12 

37 

12 

53 

13 

10 

13 

28 

13 

47 

14 

10 

14 

35 

20 

40 

12 

7 

12 

22 

12 

37 

12 

54 

13 

11 

13 

29 

13 

49 

14 

12 

14 

37 

21 

0 

12 

7 

12 

23 

12 

33 

12 

55 

13 

12 

13 

3i 

13 

5^ 

14 

14 

14 

40 

21 

20 

12 

7 

12 

23 

12 

39 

12 

56 

13 

13 

13 

32 

13 

53 

14 

16 

14 

43 

21 

40 

12 

7 

12 

23 

12 

39 

12 

56 

13 

14 

13 

34 

13 

55 

14 

19 

14 

46 

22 

0 

12 

7 

12 

24 

12 

40 

12 

57 

13 

16 

13 

35 

13 

56 

14 

21 

14 

49 

22 

20 

12 

7 

12 

24 

12 

4i 

12 

58 

13 

17 

13 

37 

13 

58 

14 

23 

14 

52 

22 

40 

12 

7 

12 

24 

12 

4i 

12 

59 

13 

18 

13 

38 

14 

0 

14 

25 

14  54 

23 

0 

12 

7 

12 

25 

12 

42 

13 

0 

13 

19 

13 

40 

14 

2 

14 

28 

14  57 

23 

20 

12 

7 

12 

25 

12 

42 

13 

1 

13 

20 

13 

4i 

14 

4 

14 

30 

15 

0 

23 

27 

12 

7 

12 

25 

12 

43 

13 

1 

13 

20 

13 

4i 

14 

5 

14 

3i 

15 

1 

Smithsonian  Tables, 


2  07 


DURATION  OF  SUNSHINE  AT  DIFFERENT  LATITUDES. 


Declination 

of 

the  Sun. 

LATITUDE  NORTH. 

0 

CM 

440 

46° 

48° 

50° 

52° 

54° 

56° 

58° 

60° 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

+  8° 

O' 

x3 

7 

13 

12 

13 

17 

13 

22 

13 

28 

T3 

34 

13 

41 

13 

49 

13 

58 

14 

7 

8 

20 

13 

10 

13 

14 

13 

20 

13 

25 

13 

31 

13 

38 

13 

45 

13 

53 

14 

2 

14 

.12 

8 

40 

13 

12 

13 

17 

13 

23 

13 

28 

13 

34 

13 

4i 

13 

49 

13 

57 

14 

6 

x4 

17 

9 

0 

13 

15 

13 

20 

13 

25 

13 

31 

13 

38 

13 

45 

13 

53 

14 

1 

14 

II 

14 

22 

9 

20 

13 

17 

13 

23 

13 

28 

13 

34 

13 

4i 

13 

49 

13 

56 

14 

5 

14 

15 

14 

26 

9 

40 

x3 

20 

13 

25 

13 

31 

13 

38 

13 

44 

13 

52 

14 

0 

14 

10 

14 

20 

14 

31 

10 

0 

13 

22 

13 

28 

13 

34 

13 

4i 

13 

48 

13 

56 

14 

4 

14 

14 

14 

25 

14 

36 

IO 

20 

13 

25 

13 

31 

13 

37 

13 

44 

13 

5i 

13 

59 

14 

8 

14 

18 

14 

29 

14 

41 

10 

40 

13 

28 

13 

34 

13 

40 

13 

47 

13 

55 

14 

3 

14 

12 

14 

22 

14 

34 

14 

47 

II 

0 

13 

30 

13 

36 

13 

43 

13 

50 

13 

58 

14 

7 

14 

16 

14 

27 

14 

38 

14 

52 

II 

20 

13 

32 

13 

39 

13 

46 

13 

53 

14 

1 

14 

10 

14 

20 

14 

3i 

14 

43 

14 

57 

II 

40 

13 

35 

13 

4i 

13 

49 

13 

56 

14 

5 

14 

14 

14 

24 

14 

35 

14 

48 

15 

2 

12 

0 

13 

38 

13 

44 

13 

52 

14 

0 

14 

8 

14 

18 

14 

28 

14 

40 

14 

53 

15 

8 

12 

20 

13 

40 

13 

47 

13 

55 

14 

3 

14 

12 

14 

22 

14 

32 

14 

44 

14 

58 

15 

13 

12 

40 

13 

43 

13 

50 

13 

58 

14 

6 

14 

16 

14 

25 

14 

37 

14 

49 

15 

2 

15 

18 

13 

0 

13 

46 

13 

53 

14 

1 

14 

10 

14 

T9 

14 

29 

14 

4i 

14 

53 

15 

7 

15 

23 

13 

20 

13 

48 

13 

56 

14 

4 

14 

13 

14 

22 

14 

33 

14 

45 

14 

58 

15 

13 

15 

29 

13 

40 

13 

50 

13 

58 

14 

7 

14 

16 

14 

26 

14 

37 

14 

49 

15 

2 

15 

17 

15 

35 

14 

0 

13 

53 

14 

1 

14 

10 

14 

x9 

14 

29 

14 

4i 

14 

53 

15 

7 

15 

22 

15 

40 

i4 

20 

13 

56 

14 

4 

14 

13 

14 

23 

14 

33 

14 

45 

14 

57 

15 

11 

15 

28 

15 

46 

14 

40 

13 

59 

14 

7 

14 

16 

14 

26 

14 

37 

14 

49 

15 

2 

15 

16 

15 

33 

15 

5i 

15 

0 

14 

1 

14 

10 

14 

19 

14 

29 

14 

40 

14 

52 

15 

6 

15 

21 

15 

38 

15 

57 

15 

20 

14 

4 

14 

13 

14 

22 

14 

33 

14 

44 

14 

56 

15 

10 

15 

26 

15 

43 

16 

2 

15 

40 

14 

7 

14 

16 

14 

26 

14 

36 

14 

48 

15 

0 

15 

14 

15 

30 

15 

48 

16 

8 

16 

0 

14 

10 

14 

19 

x4 

29 

14 

40 

14 

52 

15 

4 

15 

19 

15 

35 

15 

53 

16 

14 

16 

20 

14 

12 

14 

22 

14 

32 

14 

43 

14 

55 

15 

8 

15 

23 

15 

40 

15 

59 

16 

20 

16 

40 

14 

15 

14 

25 

14 

35 

14 

46 

14 

59 

15 

13 

15 

28 

15 

45 

16 

4 

16 

26 

17 

0 

14 

17 

14 

28 

14 

38 

14 

50 

15 

3 

15 

17 

15 

32 

15 

50 

16 

10 

16 

32 

17 

20 

14 

20 

14 

3X 

14 

4i 

14 

53 

15 

7 

15 

21 

15 

37 

15 

55 

16 

15 

16 

38 

17 

40 

14 

23 

14 

34 

14 

45 

14 

57 

15 

10 

15 

25 

15 

4i 

16 

0 

16 

20 

16 

45 

18 

0 

14 

26 

14 

37 

14 

48 

15 

1 

15 

14 

15 

29 

15 

46 

16 

5 

16 

26 

16 

5i 

18 

20 

14 

29 

14 

40 

14 

52 

15 

4 

15 

18 

15 

34 

15 

50 

16 

10 

16 

32 

16 

58 

18 

40 

14 

32 

14 

43 

14 

55 

15 

8 

15 

22 

15 

38 

15 

55 

16 

15 

16 

38 

17 

4 

19 

0 

14 

35 

14 

46 

14 

58 

15 

11 

15 

26 

15 

42 

16 

0 

16 

20 

16 

44 

17 

11 

19 

20 

14 

37 

14 

49 

15 

1 

15 

15 

15 

30 

15 

46 

16 

5 

16 

25 

16 

50 

17 

17 

19 

40 

14 

40 

14 

52 

15 

5 

15 

19 

x5 

34 

15 

5i 

16 

10 

16 

3i 

16 

56 

17 

24 

20 

0 

14 

43 

14 

55 

x5 

8 

15 

22 

15 

38 

15 

55 

16 

15 

16 

37 

17 

2 

17 

3i 

20 

20 

14 

46 

14 

58 

15 

11 

15 

26 

15 

42 

16 

0 

16 

20 

16 

42 

17 

8 

17 

38 

20 

40 

14 

49 

15 

2 

15 

15 

15 

30 

15 

46 

16 

4 

16 

25 

16 

47 

17 

14 

17 

46 

21 

0 

14 

52 

15 

5 

15 

T9 

15 

34 

15 

50 

16 

9 

16 

30 

16 

53 

17 

20 

17 

53 

21 

20 

14 

55 

15 

8 

15 

22 

15 

38 

15 

55 

16 

13 

l6 

35 

16 

59 

17 

27 

18 

1 

21 

40 

14 

58 

15 

11 

15 

26 

15 

42 

15 

59 

16 

18 

16 

40 

17 

5 

17 

34 

18 

8 

22 

0 

15 

1 

15 

14 

15 

29 

*5 

46 

16 

3 

16 

23 

16 

45 

17 

11 

17 

40 

18 

16 

22 

20 

15 

4 

15 

18 

15 

33 

15 

49 

16 

7 

16 

28 

16 

50 

17 

17 

17 

47 

18 

24 

22 

40 

15 

7 

15 

22 

15 

37 

15 

53 

16 

12 

16 

32 

16 

56 

17 

23 

17 

54 

18 

32 

23 

0 

T5 

10 

15 

25 

15 

40 

15 

57 

16 

16 

16 

37 

17 

1 

17 

29 

18 

1 

18 

4i 

23 

20 

15 

13 

15 

28 

15 

44 

16 

1 

16 

21 

16 

42 

17 

7 

17 

35 

18 

8 

18 

49 

23 

27 

15 

14 

15 

29 

15 

46 

16 

3 

16 

23 

16 

44 

17 

9 

17 

37 

18 

11 

18 

52 

Smithsonian  Taoles. 

2Q& 


T ABLE  87 


DURATION  OF  SUNSHINE  AT  DIFFERENT  LATITUDES. 


Declination 

LATITUDE  NORTH. 

of 

the  Sun. 

60° 

61° 

62° 

63° 

64° 

65° 

66° 

67° 

68° 

69° 

VJ 

0 

0 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  tn. 

—  23c 

27/ 

5  52 

5  3i 

5  8 

4  42 

4  11 

3  34 

2  46 

I  29 

-  23 

20 

5  55 

5  34 

5  12 

446 

4  16 

3  4o 

2  53 

I  41 

-23 

0 

6  2 

5  43 

5  21 

4  56 

4  28 

3  53 

3  II 

2  II 

-22 

40 

6  10 

5  5i 

5  30 

5  6 

4  39 

4  7 

3  27 

2  35 

0  59 

—  22 

20 

6  17 

5  59 

5  39 

5  16 

4  50 

4  20 

3  43 

2  56 

M3 

—  22 

0 

6  25 

6  7 

5  47 

5  25 

5  1 

4  32 

3  58 

3  14 

2  13 

-21 

40 

6  32 

6  14 

5  56 

5  34 

5  11 

4  43 

4  11 

3  3i 

2  38 

I  I 

—  21 

20 

6  39 

6  22 

6  4 

5,43 

5  20 

4  55 

4  24 

3  47 

2  59 

i  45 

—  21 

0 

646 

6  29 

6  12 

5  52 

5  30 

5  5 

4  36 

4  1 

318 

2  16 

-20 

40 

6  52 

6  37 

6  20 

6  1 

5  4o 

5  16 

4  48 

4  16 

3  35 

2  41 

I  2 

—  20 

20 

6  59 

644 

6  27 

6  9 

5  49 

5  26 

4  59 

4  29 

3  5i 

3  2 

1  47 

—  20 

0 

7  5 

651 

6  34 

6  17 

5  58 

5  35 

5  10 

4  4i 

4  6 

3  22 

2  19 

-19 

40 

7  12 

658 

6  42 

6  25 

6  6 

5  45 

5  21 

4  53 

4  20 

3  39 

2  44 

-  19 

20 

718 

7  4 

6  49 

6  33 

6  14 

5  54 

5  3i 

5  5 

4  34 

3  55 

3  6 

-  19 

0 

7  25 

7  11 

6  56 

6  41 

6  23 

6  3 

5  4i 

5  16 

4  47 

4  11 

3  26 

-18 

40 

7  31 

7  17 

7  4 

648 

631 

6  12 

5  5i 

5  26 

4  59 

4  25 

3  44 

-  18 

20 

7  37 

7  24 

7  10 

6  55 

6  39 

6  20 

6  1 

5  37 

5  11 

4  39 

4  1 

-  18 

0 

7  43 

7  3i 

7  17 

7  3 

647 

6  29 

6  10 

5  47 

5  22 

4  52 

4  16 

-17 

40 

7  49 

7  37 

7  24 

7  10 

6  55 

638 

6  19 

5  57 

5  33 

5  5 

4  3i 

-  17 

20 

7  55 

7  43 

7  31 

7  17 

7  2 

646 

6  28 

6  7 

5  43 

5  17 

4  45 

-  17 

0 

8  1 

7  49 

7  37 

7  24 

7  9 

6  53 

6  36 

6  16 

5  54 

528 

4  58 

-16 

40 

8  6 

7  55 

744 

7  3i 

7  17 

7  1 

644 

6  26 

6  4 

5  4o 

5  11 

-  16 

20 

8  12 

8  1 

7  50 

7  38 

7  24 

7  9 

6  52 

6  35 

6  14 

5  5i 

5  23 

—  16 

0 

817 

8  7 

7  56 

7  44 

7  3i 

7  17 

7  1 

644 

6  24 

6  2 

5  35 

-15 

40 

823 

8  13 

8  2 

7  5i 

7  38 

7  25 

7  9 

6  52 

6  34 

6  12 

5  47 

-  15 

20 

8  29 

8  19 

8  8 

7  58 

7  45 

7  32 

7  17 

7  1 

6  43 

6  22 

5  59 

-  15 

0 

8  34 

825 

815 

8  4 

7  52 

7  39 

7  25 

7  9 

6  52 

632 

6  10 

-14 

40 

8  40 

831 

8  21 

8  10 

7  59 

7  46 

7  32 

7  17 

7  1 

6  42 

6  20 

-  14 

20 

8  45 

836 

827 

817 

8  5 

7  53 

7  4o 

7  26 

7  10 

651 

6  31 

-  14 

0 

8  50 

8  42 

8  33 

8  23 

8  12 

8  1 

7  47 

7  34 

718 

7  1 

6  41 

-13 

40 

856 

8  47 

838 

8  29 

8  19 

8  7 

7  55 

7  4i 

7  26 

7  10 

651 

-  13 

20 

9  1 

8  53 

8  44 

8  35 

825 

8  14 

8  2 

7  49 

7  35 

7  19 

7  1 

-  13 

0 

9  6 

858 

8  50 

8  41 

8  32 

8  21 

8  10 

7  57 

7  43 

7  28 

7  10 

-12 

40 

9 

9  4 

856 

8  47 

838 

8  28 

817 

8  5 

7  5i 

7  37 

7  20 

—  12 

20 

9  17 

9  10 

9  2 

8  53 

844 

8  34 

8  24 

8  12 

7  59 

7  45 

7  29 

—  12 

0 

9  22 

9  15 

9  7 

8  59 

8  50 

8  41 

831 

8  20 

8  7 

7  53 

7  38 

-  1  1 

40 

9  27 

9  20 

9  13 

9  5 

856 

8  47 

838 

8  27 

815 

8  2 

7  47 

—  11 

20 

9  32 

925 

9  19 

9  11 

9  3 

854 

8  44 

8  34 

823 

8  10 

7  56 

—  11 

0 

9  37 

9  3i 

9  24 

9  17 

9  9 

9  0 

851 

8  41 

831 

8  18 

8  5 

-10 

40 

9  42 

9  36 

9  29 

9  22 

9  15 

9  7 

858 

8  49 

838 

8  26 

8  14 

—  10 

20 

9  47 

9  4i 

9  35 

9  28 

9  21 

9  13 

9  5 

856 

846 

8  34 

8  22 

—  10 

0 

9  52 

946 

940 

9  34 

9  27 

9  19 

9  11 

9  3 

8  53 

8  42 

8  31 

-  9 

40 

9  57 

9  5i 

946 

940 

9  33 

9  26 

9  18 

9  10 

9  0 

8  50 

8  39 

-  9 

20 

10  2 

9  56 

9  5i 

9  45 

9  39 

9  32 

9  25 

9  16 

9  8 

858 

8  47 

-  9 

0 

10  7 

10  2 

9  56 

9  50 

9  44 

9  38 

93i 

9  23 

9  15 

9  5 

8  55 

-  8 

40 

10  11 

10  7 

10  2 

9  56 

9  50 

9  44 

9  37 

9  30 

9  22 

9  13 

9  3 

-  8 

20 

10  16 

10  12 

10  7 

10  2 

9  56 

9  50 

9  44 

9  37 

9  29 

9  21 

9  11 

-  8 

0 

10  21 

10  17 

10  12 

10  7 

10  2 

9  56 

9  50 

9  43 

9  36 

9  28 

9  19 

Smithsonian  Tables 


209 


Table  87. 


DURATION  OF  SUNSHINE  AT  DIFFERENT  LATITUDES. 


Declination 

LATITUDE  NORTH. 

of 

the  Sun. 

71° 

72° 

73° 

74° 

75° 

76° 

77° 

00 

0 

79° 

80° 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

li.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  in. 

-23°27/ 

—  23  20 

-  23  0 

-22  40 

—  22  20 

—  22  0 

-21  40 

—  21  20 

—  21  0 

-20  40 

—  20  20 

—  20  0 

-19  40 

i  3 

—  19  20 

1  50 

—  19  0 

2  22 

-18  40 

2  47 

i  5 

—  18  20 

3  10 

1  52 

—  18  0 

3  30 

2  25 

-17  40 

3  49 

2  52 

I  6 

—  17  20 

4  6 

3  14 

I  55 

—  17  0 

4  22 

3  35 

2  29 

-16  40 

4  37 

3  54 

2  56 

I  8 

—  16  20 

4  52 

4  12 

3  20 

I  58 

—  16  0 

5  6 

4  28 

3  41 

2  32 

-15  40 

5  19 

4  44 

4  1 

3  1 

I  IO 

-15  20 

5  32 

4  59 

4  19 

3  25 

2  2 

-  15  0 

5  44 

5  13 

4  36 

3  47 

2  37 

-14  40 

5  56 

5  27 

4  52 

4  7 

3  6 

I  13 

—  14  20 

6  8 

5  40 

5  7 

4  26 

3  3i 

2  5 

— 14  0 

6  19 

5  52 

5  21 

4  43 

3  54 

2  42 

-13  40 

6  29 

6  5 

5  35 

5  0 

4  14 

3  12 

I  15 

-  13  20 

6  40 

6  17 

5  49 

5  16 

4  34 

3  38 

2  IO 

-  13  0 

6  51 

6  29 

6  2 

5  3i 

4  52 

4  2 

2  48 

-12  40 

6  1 

6  40 

6  15 

5  45 

5  9 

4  23 

3  19 

I  18 

—  12  20 

7  11 

6  50 

6  27 

5  59 

5  25 

4  43 

3  46 

2  15 

—  12  0 

7  21 

7  1 

6  39 

6  13 

5  4i 

5  2 

4  10 

2  55 

-II  40 

7  3i 

7  12 

6  51 

6  26 

5  56 

5  19 

4  32 

3  27 

I  21 

—  11  20 

7  4o 

7  23 

7  3 

6  38 

6  11 

5  38 

4  53 

3  55 

2  20 

—  11  0 

7  50 

7  33 

7  14 

6  51 

6  25 

5  54 

5  13 

4  20 

3  2 

-10  40 

7  59 

7  43 

7  25 

7  3 

6  34 

6  9 

5  3i 

4  43 

3  35 

I  25 

—  10  20 

8  8 

7  53 

7  35 

7  15 

6  52 

6  23 

5  49 

5  5 

4  5 

2  27 

—  10  0 

8  17 

8  3 

7  46 

7  27 

7  4 

6  38 

6  6 

5  25 

4  3i 

3  10 

-  9  40 

8  26 

8  13 

7  56 

7  38 

7  17 

6  52 

6  22 

5  44 

4  56 

3  46 

-  9  20 

8  35 

8  22 

8  7 

7  50 

7  29 

7  6 

6  38 

6  3 

5  19 

4  17 

-  9  0 

8  44 

8  31 

8  17 

8  1 

7  4i 

7  20 

6  53 

6  21 

5  40 

4  44 

-  8  40 

8  53 

8  41 

8  27 

8  11 

7  53 

7  33 

7  8 

6  38 

6  0 

5  10 

—  8  20 

9  1 

8  50 

8  37 

8  22 

8  5 

7  46 

7  22 

6  55 

6  19 

5  34 

-  8  0 

9  10 

8  59 

8  47 

8  33 

8  17 

7  59 

7  36 

7  11 

6  38 

5  56 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


210 


Table  87 


DURATION  OF  SUNSHINE  AT  DIFFERENT  LATITUDES. 


Declination 

of 

LATITUDE  NORTH. 

the  Sun. 

<T> 

O 

o 

61° 

62° 

63° 

64° 

65° 

66° 

67° 

68° 

69c 

0 

0 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m. 

-8° 

O' 

IO  21 

10  17 

IO  12 

10  7 

IO  2 

9  56 

9  50 

9  43 

9  36 

9  28 

9  19 

-7 

40 

IO  26 

IO  22 

10  17 

10  13 

10  8 

IO  2 

9  56 

9  50 

9  43 

9  35 

9  27 

-7 

20 

IO  31 

10  27 

10  23 

10  18 

10  13 

10  8 

10  3 

9  57 

9  50 

9  43 

9  35 

-7 

O 

10  35 

10  32 

10  28 

IO  23 

10  19 

10  14 

10  9 

10  4 

9  57 

9  50 

9  43 

-6 

40 

10  40 

10  37 

10  33 

10  29 

IO  25 

IO  20 

10  15 

10  10 

10  4 

9  57 

9  5i 

-6 

20 

10  45 

10  42 

10  38 

1034 

IO  31 

10  26 

10  22 

10  16 

10  11 

10  5 

9  58 

-6 

O 

10  50 

10  47 

10  43 

10  40 

10  36 

10  32 

10  28 

10  23 

10  18 

10  12 

10  6 

-5 

40 

10  55 

10  52 

1049 

1045 

10  41 

IO  38 

10  34 

10  29 

10  25 

10  19 

10  14 

“5 

20 

10  59 

10  56 

10  54 

IO  50 

10  47 

1044 

10  40 

10  36 

1031 

10  26 

10  21 

-5 

O 

11  4 

11  1 

10  59 

10  56 

10  53 

IO  50 

10  46 

10  42 

10  38 

10  34 

10  29 

-4 

40 

11  8 

11  6 

11  4 

II  I 

10  58 

10  55 

10  52 

10  49 

10  45 

10  41 

10  36 

-4 

20 

11  13 

11  11 

11  9 

II  7 

11  4 

II  I 

10  58 

10  55 

10  52 

10  48 

1044 

-4 

O 

11  18 

11  16 

11  14 

II  12 

II  10 

II  7 

11  4 

11  1 

10  58 

10  55 

10  51 

-3 

40 

11  22 

11  21 

11  19 

II  17 

11  15 

11  13 

11  10 

11  8 

11  5 

11  2 

10  59 

-3 

20 

11  27 

11  26 

11  24 

II  22 

11  20 

11  19 

11  16 

11  14 

11  11 

11  9 

11  6 

-3 

O 

11  32 

11  31 

11  29 

II  28 

11  26 

11  24 

11  22 

11  20 

11  18 

11  16 

11  13 

-2 

40 

11  37 

11  35 

11  34 

II  33 

11  31 

11  30 

11  28 

11  27 

11  25 

11  23 

11  21 

—  2 

20 

11  41 

11  40 

11  39 

1138 

11  37 

11  36 

11  34 

11  33 

11  32 

11  30 

11  28 

—  2 

O 

11  46 

11  45 

11  44 

11  43 

11  43 

11  41 

11  40 

11  40 

11  38 

11  37 

11  35 

-  1 

40 

11  50 

11  50 

11  49 

11  49 

11  48 

11  47 

11  46 

11  46 

11  45 

11  44 

11  43 

—  I 

20 

11  55 

11  55 

11  54 

11  54 

11  53 

11  53 

11  52 

11  52 

11  52 

11  5i 

11  50 

—  I 

O 

11  59 

11  59 

11  59 

11  59 

11  59 

11  59 

11  58 

11  58 

11  58 

11  58 

11  58 

-0 

40 

12  4 

12  4 

12  4 

12  4 

12  4 

12  4 

12  4 

12  4 

12  5 

12  5 

12  5 

—  o 

20 

12  9 

12  9 

12  9 

12  10 

12  10 

12  10 

12  10 

12  11 

12  11 

12  12 

12  12 

0 

0 

12  13 

12  14 

12  14 

12  15 

12  15 

12  16 

12  16 

12  17 

12  18 

12  19 

12  19 

4-o 

20 

12  18 

12  19 

12  19 

12  20 

12  20 

12  22 

12  22 

12  23 

12  25 

12  26 

12  27 

o 

40 

12  22 

12  23 

12  24 

12  25 

12  26 

12  27 

12  28 

12  29 

12  31 

1233 

12  34 

1 

0 

12  27 

12  28 

12  29 

12  31 

12  32 

12  33 

12  34 

12  36 

12  38 

12  40 

12  41 

i 

20 

12  32 

12  33 

12  34 

12  36 

12  37 

12  39 

12  40 

12  42 

12  44 

12  47 

12  49 

i 

40 

12  37 

12  38 

12  39 

12  41 

1243 

12  44 

12  46 

12  49 

12  51 

12  54 

12  56 

2 

0 

12  41 

12  43 

12  44 

12  46 

12  48 

12  50 

12  52 

12  55 

12  58 

13  1 

13  4 

2 

20 

12  46 

12  47 

12  49 

12  52 

12  53 

12  56 

12  59 

13  1 

13  4 

13  8 

13  11 

2 

40 

12  50 

12  52 

12  54 

12  57 

12  59 

13  2 

13  5 

13  7 

13  11 

13  15 

13  19 

3 

0 

1255 

12  57 

12  59 

13  2 

13  5 

13  8 

13  11 

13  i4 

13  17 

13  22 

13  26 

3 

20 

13  0 

13  2 

13  5 

13  7 

13  10 

13  13 

13  17 

13  20 

13  24 

13  29 

13  34 

3 

40 

13  4 

13  7 

13  10 

13  13 

13  16 

13  19 

13  23 

13  27 

13  3i 

13  36 

13  4i 

4 

0 

13  9 

13  12 

13  15 

13  18 

13  22 

13  25 

13  29 

13  33 

13  38 

13  43 

13  49 

4 

20 

13  14 

13  17 

13  20 

13  23 

13  27 

13  3i 

13  35 

13  4o 

13  45 

13  50 

13  56 

4 

40 

13  19 

13  22 

13  25 

13  29 

13  32 

13  37 

13  4i 

13  46 

13  52 

13  58 

14  4 

5 

0 

13  23 

13  27 

13  30 

13  34 

13  38 

13  43 

13  47 

13  53 

13  58 

14  5 

14  11 

5 

20 

13  28 

13  32 

13  35 

13  4o 

13  44 

13  49 

13  54 

13  59 

14  5 

14  12 

14  19 

5 

40 

13  33 

13  37 

13  4i 

13  45 

13  5o 

13  55 

14  0 

14  6 

14  12 

14  19 

14  27 

6 

0 

13  38 

13  42 

13  46 

13  50 

13  55 

14  1 

14  6 

14  13 

14  19 

14  26 

14  35 

6 

20 

13  43 

13  47 

13  5i 

13  56 

14  1 

14  7 

14  12 

14  19 

14  26 

14  34 

14  43 

6 

40 

13  47 

13  52 

13  56 

14  1 

14  7 

14  13 

14  18 

14  26 

14  33 

14  42 

i4  5i 

7 

0 

13  52 

13  57 

14  1 

14  7 

14  12 

14  19 

14  25 

14  32 

14  40 

14  49 

14  59 

-i 

20 

13  57 

14  2 

14  7 

14  13 

14  18 

14  25 

i4  3i 

14  39 

14  48 

14  57 

15  7 

7 

40 

14  2 

14  7 

14  12 

14  18 

14  24 

14  3i 

14  38 

1446 

14  55 

15  4 

15  15 

8 

0 

14  7 

14  12 

14  17 

14  23 

14  30 

14  37 

14  45 

14  52 

15  2 

15  12 

15  23 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


211 


Table  87 


DURATION  OF  SUNSHINE  AT  DIFFERENT  LATITUDES. 


Declination 

of 

the  Sun. 

LATITUDE  NORTH. 

71° 

72° 

73° 

740 

75° 

76° 

77° 

0 

00 

r>« 

79° 

80° 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

-8° 

O' 

9 

IO 

8 

59 

8 

47 

8 

33 

8 

17 

7 

Cn 

00 

7 

37 

7 

10 

6  38 

5 

56 

-7  40 

9 

18 

9 

08 

8 

56 

8 

43 

8 

28 

8 

II 

7 

50 

7 

26 

6 

56 

6 

18 

-7 

20 

9 

26 

9 

17 

9 

6 

8 

53 

8 

39 

8 

23 

8 

4 

7 

4i 

7 

14 

6 

38 

-7 

O 

9 

35 

9 

26 

9 

16 

9 

3 

8 

50 

8 

35 

8 

17 

7 

56 

7 

31 

6 

58 

-6  40 

9  43 

9 

34 

9 

25 

9 

14 

9 

1 

8 

47 

8 

30 

8 

11 

7 

47 

7 

17 

-6 

20 

9 

5i 

0 

43 

9 

34 

9 

24 

9 

12 

8 

59 

8  43 

8 

25 

8 

3 

7 

36 

—  6 

O 

9 

59 

9 

52 

9 

43 

9 

34 

9 

23 

9 

11 

8 

56 

8  39 

8 

19 

7  54 

-5  40 

IO 

7 

10 

1 

9 

53 

9 

44 

9 

34 

9 

22 

9 

9 

8  53 

8 

34 

8 

II 

-5 

20 

IO 

15 

10 

9 

10 

2 

9 

53 

9 

44 

9  34 

9 

22 

9 

7 

8 

50 

8 

28 

-5 

O 

IO 

23 

10 

17 

10 

11 

10 

3 

9 

55 

9  45 

9- 

34 

9 

20 

9 

5 

8 

46 

-4  40 

IO 

3i 

10 

26 

10 

20 

10 

13 

10 

5 

9  56 

9  46 

9 

34 

9 

19 

9 

2 

-4 

20 

IO 

39 

10 

34 

10 

29 

10 

22 

10 

15 

10 

7 

9 

58 

9 

47 

9 

34 

9 

18 

-4 

O 

IO 

47 

10 

43 

10 

38 

10 

32 

10 

26 

10 

18 

10 

10 

10 

0 

9  49 

9 

34 

-3  40 

IO 

55 

10 

5i 

10 

46 

10 

4i 

10 

36 

10 

29 

10 

22 

10 

13 

10 

3 

9 

50 

-3 

20 

II 

3 

10 

59 

10 

55 

10 

5i 

10 

46 

10 

40 

10 

34 

10 

26 

10 

17 

10 

6 

-3 

O 

II 

11 

11 

8 

11 

4 

11 

0 

10 

56 

10 

5i 

10 

45 

10 

39 

10 

3i 

10 

22 

-2  40 

II 

19 

11 

16 

11 

13 

11 

10 

11 

6 

11 

2 

10 

57 

10 

52 

10 

45 

10 

37 

—  2 

20 

II 

26 

11 

24 

11 

22 

11 

19 

11 

16 

11 

13 

11 

S 

11 

4 

10 

59 

10 

52 

—  2 

O 

II 

34 

11 

32 

11 

3i 

11 

28 

11 

26 

ii 

23 

11 

20 

11 

17 

11 

13 

11 

8 

-  1 

40 

II 

42 

11 

4i 

11 

39 

11 

38 

11 

36 

11 

34 

11 

32 

11 

29 

11 

26 

11 

23 

—  I 

20 

II 

49 

11 

49 

11 

48 

11 

47 

11 

46 

11 

45 

11 

43 

11 

42 

11 

40 

11 

38 

—  I 

O 

II 

57 

11 

57 

11 

56 

11 

56 

11 

56 

11 

55 

11 

55 

11 

55 

11 

54 

11 

53 

-0  40 

12 

5 

12 

5 

12 

5 

12 

5 

12 

6 

12 

6 

12 

7 

12 

7 

12 

8 

12 

8 

—  o 

20 

12 

13 

12 

13 

12 

14 

12 

15 

12 

16 

12 

17 

12 

18 

12 

20 

12 

21 

12 

23 

0 

0 

12 

20 

12 

22 

12 

22 

12 

24 

12 

26 

12 

28 

12 

29 

12 

32 

12 

35 

12 

38 

+  o 

20 

12 

28 

12 

30 

12 

3i 

12 

34 

12 

36 

12 

38 

12 

4i 

12 

44 

12 

49 

12 

53 

o 

40 

12 

36 

12 

38 

12 

40 

12 

43 

12 

46 

12 

49 

12 

53 

12 

57 

13 

2 

13 

9 

1 

0 

12 

44 

12 

46 

12 

49 

12 

52 

12 

56 

13 

0 

13 

5 

13 

10 

13 

16 

13 

24 

I 

20 

12 

52 

12 

55 

12 

58 

13 

2 

13 

6 

13 

11 

13 

16 

13 

23 

13 

30 

13 

40 

I 

40 

12 

59 

13 

3 

13 

7 

13 

11 

13 

16 

13 

22 

13 

28 

13 

36 

13 

44 

13 

55 

2 

0 

13 

7 

13 

11 

13 

16 

13 

20 

13 

26 

13 

32 

13 

40 

13 

49 

13 

59 

14 

11 

2 

20 

13 

15 

13 

19 

13 

25 

13 

30 

13 

36 

13 

43 

13 

52 

14 

1 

14 

13 

14 

27 

2 

40 

13 

23 

13 

28 

13 

33 

13 

40 

13  46 

13 

54 

14 

4 

14 

14 

14 

28 

14 

43 

3 

0 

13 

3i 

13 

36 

r3 

42 

13 

49 

13 

57 

14 

5 

14 

16 

14 

28 

14 

42 

14 

59 

3 

20 

13 

39 

13 

44 

13 

5i 

13 

59 

14 

7 

14 

17 

14 

28 

14 

4i 

14 

56 

15 

16 

3 

40 

13 

47 

13 

53 

14 

1 

14 

8 

14 

17 

14 

28 

14 

40 

14 

55 

15 

11 

15 

33 

4 

0 

13 

55 

14 

2 

14 

10 

14 

18 

14 

28 

14  40 

14 

53 

15 

8 

15 

27 

15 

50 

4 

20 

14 

3 

14 

10 

14 

19 

14 

28 

14 

38 

14 

5i 

15 

5 

15 

22 

T5 

43 

16 

7 

4 

40 

14 

11 

14 

19 

14 

28 

14 

38 

14 

49 

15 

2 

15 

18 

15 

36 

1.5 

58 

16 

25 

5 

0 

14 

19 

14 

28 

14 

37 

14  48 

15 

0 

15 

14 

15 

3i 

15 

50 

16 

14 

16 

44 

5 

20 

14 

27 

14 

37 

14 

46 

14 

58 

15 

11 

15 

26 

15 

44 

16 

5 

16 

3i 

17 

3 

5 

40 

14 

35 

14 

45 

14 

56 

15 

8 

15 

22 

15 

38 

15 

57 

16 

20 

16 

47 

17 

22 

6 

0 

14 

44 

14 

54 

15 

5 

15 

19 

15 

33 

15 

50 

16 

11 

16 

35 

17 

5 

1 7 

43 

6 

20 

14 

52 

15 

3 

15 

15 

15 

29 

15 

44 

16 

3 

16 

25 

16 

5i 

17 

23 

18 

5 

6 

40 

15 

1 

15 

12 

15 

25 

15 

40 

15 

56 

16 

16 

16  39 

17 

7 

17 

4i 

18 

27 

7 

0 

15 

10 

15 

22 

15 

35 

15 

50 

16 

8 

16 

29 

16 

53 

17 

23 

18 

1 

18 

50 

7 

20 

15 

18 

12 

3i 

15 

45 

16 

1 

16 

20 

16 

42 

17 

8 

17 

40 

18 

21 

19 

16 

7 

40 

15 

27 

15 

40 

15 

55 

16 

12 

16 

32 

16 

55 

17 

23 

17 

58 

18 

42 

19 

44 

8 

0 

15 

35 

15 

50 

16 

i 

5 

16 

23 

16  44 

17 

9 

17 

39 

18 

16 

19 

5 

20 

15 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


212 


Table  87 


DURATION  OF  SUNSHINE  AT  DIFFERENT  LATITUDES. 


Declination 

bf 

the  Sun. 

LATITUDE  NORTH. 

60° 

61° 

62° 

63° 

64° 

65° 

66° 

67° 

68° 

69° 

70° 

1 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

+  8C 

0" 

14 

7 

14 

12 

14 

17 

14 

23 

14 

30 

14 

37 

14 

45 

14 

53 

15 

2 

15 

12 

15 

23 

8 

20 

14 

12 

14 

1; 

14 

23 

14 

29 

14 

36 

14 

43 

14 

52 

15 

0 

15 

10 

15 

20 

15 

32 

8 

40 

14 

17 

14 

22 

14 

28 

14 

35 

14 

42 

14 

50 

14 

58 

15 

7 

15 

17 

15 

28 

15 

40 

9 

0 

14 

22 

14 

27 

14 

34 

14 

4i 

14 

48 

14 

56 

15 

5 

15 

14 

15 

25 

15 

36 

15 

49 

9 

20 

14 

27 

14 

32 

14 

39 

14 

46 

14 

54 

15 

2 

15 

11 

15 

21 

15 

32 

15 

44 

15 

57 

9 

40 

14 

32 

14 

38 

14 

45 

14 

52 

15 

0 

15 

9 

15 

18 

15 

28 

15 

40 

15 

52 

16 

6 

10 

0 

14 

37 

14 

43 

14 

50 

14 

58 

15 

6 

15 

15 

15 

25 

15 

35 

15 

47 

16 

0 

16 

15 

10 

20 

14 

42 

14 

49 

14 

56 

15 

4 

15 

13 

15 

22 

15 

32 

15 

43 

15 

55 

16 

8 

16 

24 

10 

40 

14 

47 

14 

54 

15 

2 

15 

10 

15 

19 

15 

28 

15 

39 

15 

50 

16 

3 

16 

17 

16 

33 

1  1 

0 

14 

52 

14 

59 

15 

7 

15 

16 

15 

25 

15 

35 

15 

46 

15 

58 

16 

11 

16 

26 

16 

42 

11 

20 

14 

57 

15 

5 

15 

13 

15 

22 

15 

3i 

15 

4i 

15 

53 

16 

5 

16 

19 

16 

34 

16 

52 

11 

40 

15 

2 

15 

10 

15 

19 

15 

28 

15 

38 

15 

48 

16 

0 

16 

13 

16 

27 

16 

43 

17 

1 

12 

0 

15 

8 

15 

16 

15 

25 

15 

34 

15 

44 

15 

55 

16 

7 

16 

21 

16 

35 

16 

52 

17 

11 

12 

20 

15 

13 

15 

21 

15 

3i 

15 

40 

15 

50 

16 

2 

16 

15 

16 

29 

16 

44 

17 

1 

17 

21 

12 

40 

15 

18 

15 

27 

15 

36 

15 

46 

15 

57 

16 

9 

16 

22 

16 

37 

16 

53 

17 

11 

17 

3i 

13 

0 

15 

23 

15 

33 

15 

42 

15 

53 

16 

4 

16 

16 

16 

30 

16 

45 

17 

2 

17 

20 

17 

4i 

13 

20 

15 

29 

15 

39 

15 

48 

15 

59 

16 

11 

16 

23 

16 

37 

16 

53 

17 

10 

17 

30 

17 

52 

13 

40 

15 

35 

15 

44 

15 

55 

16 

5 

16 

17 

16 

3i 

16 

45 

17 

1 

17 

19 

17 

40 

18 

3 

14 

0 

15 

40 

15 

50 

16 

1 

16 

12 

16 

24 

16 

38 

16 

53 

17 

10 

17 

29 

*7 

50 

18 

14 

14 

20 

15 

46 

15 

56 

16 

7 

16 

19 

16 

3i 

16 

46 

17 

1 

17 

19 

17 

38 

18 

0 

18 

26 

14 

40 

15 

5i 

16 

2 

16 

13 

16 

25 

16 

38 

16 

53 

1 7 

9 

17 

28 

17 

48 

18 

11 

18 

38 

13 

0 

15 

57 

16 

8 

16 

19 

16 

32 

16 

46 

17 

1 

17 

17 

17 

37 

17 

58 

iS 

22 

18 

50 

15 

20 

16 

2 

16 

14 

16 

26 

16 

39 

16 

53 

17 

9 

17 

26 

17 

46 

18 

8 

18 

33 

19 

3 

15 

40 

16 

8 

16 

20 

16 

32 

16 

46 

17 

1 

17 

17 

17 

35 

17 

55 

18 

18 

18 

45 

19 

16 

16 

0 

16 

14 

16 

26 

16 

39 

16 

53 

17 

8 

17 

25 

17 

44 

18 

5 

18 

29 

18 

57 

19 

30 

16 

20 

16 

20 

16 

32 

16 

46 

17 

0 

17 

16 

17 

33 

1 7 

53 

18 

15 

18 

40 

19 

10 

19 

45 

16 

40 

16 

26 

16 

39 

16 

52 

17 

7 

17 

23 

17 

4i 

18 

2 

18 

25 

18 

5i 

J9 

23 

20 

1 

17 

0 

16 

32 

16 

45 

16 

59 

17 

14 

17 

3i 

17 

50 

18 

11 

18 

35 

19 

3 

19 

36 

20 

17 

17 

20 

16 

38 

16 

52 

17 

6 

17 

22 

17 

39 

17 

59 

18 

21 

18 

46 

19 

15 

19 

50 

20 

35 

1 7 

40 

16 

45 

16 

58 

17 

13 

17 

29 

17 

47 

18 

8 

18 

3i 

18 

57 

19 

28 

20 

6 

20 

55 

18 

0 

16 

5i 

17 

5 

17 

20 

17 

37 

17 

56 

18 

17 

18 

4i 

19 

8 

19 

4i 

20 

22 

21 

17 

18 

20 

16 

58 

17 

12 

17 

28 

17 

45 

18 

5 

18 

26 

18 

52 

19 

20 

19 

55 

20 

40 

21 

42 

18 

40 

17 

4 

17 

19 

17 

35 

17 

53 

18 

14 

18 

36 

19 

3 

i9 

33 

20 

10 

20 

59 

22 

13 

19 

0 

1 7 

11 

17 

26 

17 

43 

18 

2 

18 

23 

18 

46 

19 

14 

19 

46 

20 

26 

21 

20 

22 

58 

19 

20 

17 

17 

17 

33 

17 

5i 

18 

10 

18 

32 

18 

56 

19 

25 

20 

0 

20 

44 

21 

45 

19 

40 

17 

24 

17 

4i 

17 

59 

18 

19 

18 

4i 

19 

7 

19 

37 

20 

14 

21 

3 

22 

16 

20 

0 

17 

3i 

17 

48 

18 

7 

iS 

28 

18 

5i 

19 

19 

19 

50 

20 

30 

21 

23 

22 

59 

20 

20 

17 

38 

17 

56 

18 

15 

18 

37 

19 

1 

19 

30 

20 

4 

20 

47 

24 

47 

20 

40 

17 

45 

18 

4 

18 

23 

18 

46 

19 

12 

19 

42 

20 

19 

21 

5 

22 

17 

21 

0 

17 

52 

18 

11 

18 

32 

18 

56 

19 

23 

19 

25 

20 

34 

21 

26 

23 

1 

21 

20 

18 

0 

18 

20 

18 

4i 

19 

6 

19 

34 

20 

8 

20 

50 

21 

50 

21 

40 

18 

8 

18 

28 

18 

50 

19 

16 

19 

46 

20 

22 

21 

8 

22 

l9 

22 

0 

iS 

16 

18 

37 

19 

0 

19 

27 

19 

58 

20 

37 

21 

29 

23 

2 

22 

20 

18 

24 

1 8 

46 

19 

10 

19 

38 

20 

11 

20 

53 

21 

52 

22 

40 

18 

32 

18 

55 

19 

20 

19 

50 

20 

25 

21 

11 

22 

21 

23 

0 

18 

4i 

19 

4 

19 

3i 

20 

2 

20 

40 

21 

3i 

23 

3 

23 

20 

18 

49 

19 

13 

19 

4i 

20 

14 

20 

56 

21 

54 

23 

27 

18 

52 

19 

17 

19 

46 

20 

19 

21 

2 

22 

3 

8M1TH80NIAN  TABLE8. 


213 


Table  87 


Table  88 


DURATION  OF  SUNSHINE  AT 
DIFFERENT  LATITUDES. 


DECLINATION  OF  THE  SUN 
FOR  THE  YEAR  1899. 


Declination 

of 

the  Sun. 

LATITUDE  NORTH. 

71° 

72° 

73° 

74° 

75° 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

m. 

+  8 

3  O' 

15 

35 

15 

50 

16 

5 

16 

23 

16 

44 

8 

20 

15 

44 

15 

59 

16 

16 

16 

35 

16 

57 

8 

40 

15 

53 

16 

9 

16 

26 

16 

46 

17 

10 

9 

0 

16 

3 

16 

19 

l6 

37 

16 

58 

17 

23 

9 

20 

16 

12 

16 

29 

l6 

48 

17 

10 

17 

37 

9 

40 

16 

22 

16 

39 

l6 

59 

17 

23 

17 

5i 

10 

0 

16 

3i 

16 

50 

17 

11 

17 

35 

18 

5 

IO 

20 

16 

4i 

1 7 

0 

17 

22 

1 7 

49 

18 

20 

IO 

40 

16 

50 

17 

11 

17 

34 

18 

2 

18 

36 

1  1 

0 

17 

1 

1 7 

22 

17 

47 

18 

16 

18 

52 

ii 

20 

17 

11 

17 

34 

17 

59 

18 

3i 

19 

9 

ii 

40 

17 

22 

1 7 

45 

18 

13 

18 

46 

19 

27 

12 

0 

1 7 

32 

17 

57 

18 

26 

19 

1 

19 

46 

12 

20 

1 7 

43 

18 

9 

18 

40 

19 

18 

20 

7 

12 

40 

17 

55 

18 

22 

l8 

55 

19 

35 

20 

29 

13 

0 

18 

6 

18 

35 

19 

11 

19 

54 

20 

55 

13 

20 

18 

18 

18 

49 

19 

26 

20 

14 

21 

23 

13 

40 

18 

30 

19 

2 

19 

43 

20 

35 

21 

59 

14 

0 

18 

43 

19 

1 7 

20 

1 

21 

0 

22 

50 

14 

20 

18 

56 

19 

33 

20 

20 

21 

28 

14 

40 

T9 

10 

19 

49 

20 

4i 

22 

2 

15 

0 

19 

24 

20 

7 

21 

5 

22 

52 

15 

20 

19 

40 

20 

26 

21 

32 

15 

40 

19 

55 

20 

46 

22 

5 

16 

0 

20 

13 

21 

10 

22 

54 

16 

20 

20 

3i 

21 

36 

16 

40 

20 

5i 

22 

8 

17 

0 

21 

13 

22 

56 

1 7 

20 

21 

39 

17 

40 

22 

11 

76° 

77° 

78° 

79° 

0 

O 

00 

4-  8C 

>  o' 

17 

9 

17 

39 

18 

16 

19 

5 

20 

15 

8 

20 

17 

23 

17 

55 

18 

35 

19 

29 

20 

50 

8 

40 

1 7 

38 

18 

12 

18 

56 

19  56 

21 

33 

9 

0 

17 

53 

18 

30 

19 

17 

20 

25 

22 

35 

9 

20 

18 

8 

18 

48 

19 

4i 

20 

59 

9 

40 

18 

25 

19 

8 

20 

6 

21 

40 

10 

0 

18 

4i 

19 

28 

20 

3i 

22 

39 

IO 

20 

18 

59 

19 

50 

21 

6 

IO 

40 

19 

18 

20 

*5 

21 

46 

II 

0 

19 

38 

20 

4i 

22 

43 

ii 

20 

19 

59 

21 

13 

ii 

40 

20 

23 

21 

50 

12 

0 

20 

49 

22 

46 

12 

20 

21 

19 

12 

40 

21 

55 

Day  of 
Month. 

Jan. 

Feb. 

Mar. 

I 

23° 

o' 

—i7° 

4/ 

-  7° 

33' 

4 

— 22 

44 

16 

12 

6 

24 

7 

22 

22 

15 

16 

5 

J4 

10 

21 

57 

14 

l9 

4 

4 

13 

21 

28 

T3 

19 

2 

53 

16 

20 

55 

12 

iS 

1 

42 

19 

20 

19 

1 1 

14 

—  0 

3i 

21 

T9 

53 

10 

31 

4-  0 

16 

24 

19 

1 1 

9 

25 

1 

27 

27 

18 

26 

8 

18 

2 

38 

30 

1 7 

38 

3 

48 

Apr. 

May. 

June. 

1 

+  4° 

347 

-M5° 

6' 

-J-22° 

4 ' 

4 

5 

43 

15 

59 

22 

27 

7 

6 

5i 

16 

50 

22 

46 

10 

7 

58 

17 

38 

23 

1 

13 

9 

4 

18 

24 

23 

13 

16 

10 

9 

T9 

7 

23 

22 

19 

11 

12 

T9 

47 

23 

26 

21 

1 1 

53 

20 

12 

23 

27 

24 

12 

53 

20 

47 

23 

25 

27 

13 

5' 

21 

19 

23 

20 

30 

14 

48 

21 

47 

23 

11 

July. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

1 

+230 

1' 

f  180 

1' 

-f-  8° 

1 7' 

4 

22 

53 

17 

T5 

7 

11 

7 

22 

36 

16 

26 

6 

4 

10 

22 

15 

15 

34 

4 

56 

J3 

21 

50 

14 

40 

3 

47 

16 

21 

22 

13 

44 

2 

38 

19 

20 

5 [ 

12 

46 

1 

28 

21 

20 

29 

12 

7 

4-  0 

42 

24 

19 

52 

1 1 

6 

—  0 

29 

27 

19 

13 

10 

4 

1 

39 

30 

18 

3i 

9 

0 

2 

49 

Oct 

! 

Nov. 

Dec. 

! 

-  3° 

12' 

-140 

27' 

-21° 

50' 

4 

4 

22 

15 

24 

22 

16 

7 

5 

31 

16 

18 

22 

38 

10 

6 

40 

17 

10 

22 

56 

13 

7 

48 

18 

0 

23 

10 

16 

8 

55 

18 

46 

23 

20 

19 

10 

0 

T9 

29 

23 

26 

21 

10 

43 

T9 

56 

23 

27 

24 

11 

47 

20 

35 

23 

26 

27 

12 

48 

21 

9 

23 

20 

30 

T3 

49 

21 

40 

23 

10 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


2I4 


Table  89. 


DURATION  OF  ASTRONOMICAL  TWILIGHT. 

(Interval  between  sunrise  or  sunset  and  the  time  when  the  true  position  of  the  sun’s  center  is  i8° 

below  the  horizon.) 


50° 


h.  m. 

i  59 
i  57 
i  54 

i  52 
i  49 
i  48 

1  48 
1  48 
1  50 

1  54 

2  00 
2  08 

2  20 
2  35 
2  58 


3  00 

2  35 
2  20 
2  09 

2  00 
1  54 
1  50 

1  48 
1  48 
1  48 

1  49 
1  52 
1  55 

1  57 
1  59 
1  59 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


NORTH  LATITUDE. 


0° 

10° 

20° 

N) 

01 

1  O 

CO 

0 

0 

CO 

ro 

0 

CO 

36° 

383 

40° 

0 

CM 

44° 

46° 

4 

h. 

m. 

h 

m 

h 

m. 

h.  m. 

h.  m 

h 

m. 

h. 

,  m. 

h. 

,  m. 

h, 

.  m. 

h.  m. 

h, 

,  m. 

h. 

,  m. 

h. 

m. 

h. 

Jan.  1 

1 

1 4 

1 

15 

1 

18 

1 

21 

1 

26 

1 

28 

1 

29 

1 

3i 

1 

34 

1 

37 

1 

4i 

1 

45 

1 

49 

1 

11 

1 

14 

1 

14 

1 

18 

1 

21 

1 

25 

1 

27 

1 

29 

1 

3i 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

39 

1 

43 

1 

47 

1 

21 

1 

13 

1 

13 

1 

17 

1 

20 

1 

23 

1 

25 

1 

28 

1 

30 

1 

32 

1 

34 

1 

38 

1 

4i 

1 

45 

1 

Feb.  1 

1 

12 

1 

12 

1 

15 

1 

18 

1 

22 

1 

24 

1 

26 

1 

28 

1 

30 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

39 

1 

43 

1 

11 

1 

11 

1 

12 

1 

14 

1 

i7 

1 

21 

1 

23 

1 

25 

1 

27 

1 

29 

1 

32 

1 

34 

1 

37 

1 

41 

1 

21 

1 

10 

1 

11 

1 

13 

1 

16 

1 

20 

1 

22 

1 

24 

1 

26 

1 

28 

1 

3i 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

40 

1 

Mar.  1 

1 

10 

1 

11 

1 

13 

1 

16 

1 

20 

1 

21 

1 

23 

1 

25 

1 

28 

1 

30 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

39 

1 

11 

1 

09 

1 

10 

1 

13 

1 

16 

1 

19 

1 

21 

1 

23 

1 

25 

1 

28 

1 

30 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

39 

1 

21 

1 

09 

1 

10 

1 

13 

1 

16 

1 

20 

1 

22 

1 

24 

1 

26 

1 

29 

1 

3i 

1 

34 

1 

37 

1 

4i 

1 

Apr.  1 

1 

09 

1 

11 

1 

14 

1 

17 

1 

21 

1 

23 

1 

25 

1 

27 

1 

30 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

40 

1 

44 

1 

11 

1 

10 

1 

11 

1 

15 

1 

18 

1 

22 

1 

24 

1 

27 

1 

30 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

39 

1 

43 

1 

48 

1 

21 

1 

11 

1 

12 

1 

16 

1 

20 

1 

24 

1 

27 

1 

29 

1 

32 

1 

36 

1 

39 

1 

43 

1 

48 

1 

54 

2 

May  1 

1 

12 

1 

13 

1 

18 

1 

22 

1 

27 

1 

30 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

39 

1 

43 

1 

48 

1 

54 

2 

01 

2 

11 

1 

13 

1 

14 

1 

19 

1 

24 

1 

30 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

40 

1 

43 

1 

48 

1 

54 

2 

01 

2 

10 

2 

21 

1 

13 

1 

15 

1 

21 

1 

26 

1 

32 

1 

36 

1 

39 

1 

43 

1 

48 

1 

54 

2 

01 

2 

10 

2 

20 

2 

June  1 

1 

14 

1 

16 

1 

23 

1 

28 

1 

35 

1 

38 

1 

4i 

1 

46 

1 

52 

1 

59 

2 

07 

2 

18 

2 

3i 

2 

11 

1 

15\ 

1 

17 

1 

24 

1 

29 

1 

36 

1 

40 

1 

44 

1 

49 

1 

55 

2 

02 

2 

12 

2 

23 

2 

40 

3 

21 

1 

15 

1 

18 

1 

24 

1 

29 

1 

37 

1 

4i 

1 

45 

1 

50 

1 

56 

2 

03 

2 

13 

2 

25 

2 

44 

3 

July  1 

1 

15 

1 

17 

1 

24 

1 

29 

1 

36 

1 

40 

1 

44 

1 

49 

1 

55 

2 

02 

2 

12 

2 

23 

2 

40 

3 

11 

1 

14 

1 

16 

1 

23 

1 

28 

1 

35 

1 

38 

1 

4i 

1 

46 

1 

52 

1 

59 

2 

07 

2 

18 

2 

3i 

2 

21 

1 

13 

1 

15 

1 

21 

1 

‘26 

1 

32 

1 

36 

1 

39 

1 

43 

1 

48 

1 

54 

2 

01 

2 

10 

2 

21 

2 

Aug.  1 

1 

13 

1 

14 

1 

19 

1 

24 

1 

30 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

40 

1 

44 

1 

48 

1 

54 

'2 

02 

2 

10 

2 

11 

1 

12 

1 

13 

1 

18 

1 

22 

1 

27 

1 

30 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

39 

1 

43 

1 

48 

1 

54 

2 

01 

2 

21 

1 

11 

1 

12 

1 

16 

1 

20 

1 

24 

1 

27 

1 

30 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

39 

1 

43 

1 

48 

1 

54 

2 

Sept.  1 

1 

10 

1 

11 

1 

14 

1 

18 

1 

22 

1 

24 

1 

27 

1 

30 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

39 

1 

43 

1 

48 

1 

11 

1 

09 

1 

11 

1 

13 

1 

17 

1 

21 

1 

23 

1 

25 

1 

27 

1 

30 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

39 

1 

44 

1 

21 

1 

09 

1 

10 

1 

13 

1 

16 

1 

20 

1 

22 

1 

24 

1 

26 

1 

29 

1 

3i 

1 

34 

1 

37 

1 

4i 

1 

Oct.  1 

1 

09 

1 

10 

1 

13 

1 

16 

1 

19 

1 

21 

1 

23 

1 

25 

1 

28 

1 

30 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

39 

1 

11 

1 

10 

1 

11 

1 

13 

1 

16 

1 

19 

1 

21 

1 

23 

1 

25 

1 

28 

1 

30 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

39 

1 

21 

1 

10 

1 

11 

1 

13 

1 

16 

1 

20 

1 

22 

1 

24 

1 

26 

1 

28 

1 

3i 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

40 

1 

Nov.  1 

1 

11 

1 

12 

1 

14 

1 

17 

1 

21 

1 

23 

1 

25 

1 

27 

1 

29 

1 

32 

1 

34 

1 

38 

1 

4i 

1 

11 

1 

12 

1 

12 

1 

16 

1 

18 

1 

22 

1 

24 

1 

26 

1 

28 

1 

30 

r 

33 

1 

36 

1 

40 

1 

43 

1 

21 

1 

13 

1 

13 

1 

1 7 

1 

20 

1 

24 

1 

26 

1 

28 

1 

30 

1 

32 

1 

35 

1 

38 

1 

42 

1 

46 

1 

Dec.  1 

1 

14 

1 

14 

1 

18 

1 

21 

1 

25 

1 

27 

1 

29 

1 

3i 

1 

33 

1 

36 

1 

40 

1 

44 

1 

47 

1 

11 

1 

14 

1 

1 

18 

1 

22 

1 

26 

1 

28 

1 

30 

1 

32 

1 

34 

1 

37 

1 

4i 

1 

45 

1 

49 

1 

21 

1 

15 

1 

I6I 

1 

19 

1 

22 

1 

26 

I 

28 

1 

30 

1 

32 

1 

35 

1 

38 

1 

4i 

1 

45 

1 

49 

1 

215 


Table  90. 

DURATION  OF  CIVIL  TWILIGHT. 

(Interval  between  sunrise  or  sunset  and  the  time  when  the  true  position  of  the  sun’s  center 

is  6°  below  the  horizon.) 

[Minutes.] 


Date. 

NORTH  LATITUDE 

0° 

10° 

20° 

25° 

30° 

32° 

34° 

36° 

38° 

40° 

42° 

44° 

46 J 

48° 

50° 

Jan.  i 

22 

22 

24 

25 

27 

27 

28 

28 

29 

30 

32 

33 

34 

36 

39 

n 

22 

22 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

28 

29 

30 

3i 

32 

33 

35 

38 

21 

22 

22 

23 

24 

26 

26 

27 

27 

28 

29 

30 

32 

33 

34 

37 

Feb.  i 

22 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

27 

27 

28 

29 

3i 

32 

34 

35 

ii 

22 

22 

2  2 

2  3 

25 

26 

26 

27 

27 

28 

29 

30 

3i 

33 

34 

21 

21 

22 

22 

23 

24 

25 

25 

26 

27 

28 

28 

29 

3° 

32 

33 

Mar.  i 

21 

22 

22 

23 

24 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

28 

29 

30 

3i 

33 

ii 

21 

21 

22 

23 

24 

24 

25 

26 

26 

27 

27 

29 

30 

3i 

32 

21 

21 

21 

22 

23 

24 

24 

25 

26 

26 

27 

27 

28 

30 

31 

33 

Apr.  i 

21 

21 

2' 2 

23 

24 

25 

25 

26 

27 

28 

28 

29 

30 

32 

33 

ii 

21 

22 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

26 

27 

28 

28 

29 

3i 

32 

34 

21 

22 

22 

22 

23 

25 

25 

26 

27 

28 

28 

29 

30 

32 

34 

35 

May  i 

22 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

28  . 

29 

30 

32 

33 

35 

36 

ii 

22 

22 

23 

24 

26 

27 

28 

29 

29 

30 

31 

33 

35 

36 

39 

21 

22 

22 

24 

25 

27 

28 

28 

29 

30 

3i 

33 

35 

36 

38 

4i 

June  i 

22 

22 

24 

25 

27 

28 

28 

29 

3i 

32 

34 

36 

37 

4° 

43 

ii 

22 

23 

24 

26 

28 

28 

29 

30 

3i 

33 

34 

36 

38 

4i 

44 

21 

22 

23 

25 

26 

28 

29 

29 

30 

3i 

33 

34 

36 

38 

42 

44 

July  i 

22 

23 

24 

26 

28 

28 

29 

30 

3i 

33 

34 

36 

38 

4i 

44 

ii 

22 

22 

24 

25 

27 

28 

28 

29 

3i 

32 

34 

36 

37 

40 

43 

21 

22 

22 

24 

25 

27 

28 

28 

29 

30 

31 

33 

35 

36 

38  , 

4i 

Aug.  I 

22 

22 

23 

24 

26 

27 

28 

29 

29 

30 

3i 

33 

35 

36 

39 

II 

22 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

28 

29 

30 

32 

33 

35 

36 

21 

22 

22 

22 

23 

25 

25 

26 

28 

28 

28 

29 

30 

32 

34 

35 

Sept,  i 

21 

22 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

26 

27 

28 

28 

29 

3i 

32 

34 

ii 

21 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

25 

26 

27 

28 

28 

29 

30 

3i 

33 

21 

21 

21 

22 

23 

24 

24 

25 

26 

26 

27 

27 

29 

30 

3i 

32 

Oct.  i 

21 

21 

22 

23 

24 

24 

25 

26 

26 

27 

27 

29 

30 

3i 

32 

ii 

21 

22 

22 

23 

24 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

28 

29 

30 

3i 

33 

21 

21 

22 

22 

23 

24 

25 

25 

26 

27 

28 

28 

29 

30 

32 

33 

Nov.  i 

22 

22 

22 

23 

25 

25 

26 

27 

28 

28 

29 

30 

3i 

33 

34 

11 

22 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

28 

29 

30 

3i 

32 

33 

35 

21 

22 

22 

23 

24 

26 

26 

27 

28 

28 

29 

30 

32 

33 

34 

37 

Dec.  i 

22 

22 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

28 

29 

30 

3i 

33 

34 

35 

38 

ii 

22 

22 

24 

25 

27 

27 

28 

28 

29 

30 

32 

33 

34 

36 

39 

21 

22 

2  3 

24 

25 

27 

27 

28 

28 

29 

3i 

32 

33 

34 

37 

39 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


216 


Table  91 


RELATIVE  INTENSITY  OF  SOLAR  RADIATION, 

Mean  intensity  J  for  24  hours  of  solar  radiation  on  a  horizontal  surface 
at  the  top  of  the  atmosphere  and  the  solar  constant  A 
in  terms  of  the  mean  solar  constant  A0. 


Date. 

Longitude 
of  the 
Sun. 

Relative  Mean  Vertical  Intensity  | 

(£ 

)• 

A 

A0' 

latitude  north. 

0° 

10° 

20° 

30° 

40° 

50° 

60° 

70° 

80° 

90° 

Jan. 

1 

o?99 

0.303 

0.265 

0.220 

0.169 

0.117 

0.066 

0.018 

1.0335 

16 

15.78 

.307 

.271 

.229 

.180 

.129 

.078 

.028 

1.0324 

Feb. 

1 

31-54 

.312 

.282 

.244 

.200 

.150 

.100 

.048 

0.006 

1.0288 

15 

45-34 

.317 

•293 

.261 

.223 

.177 

.118 

•075 

.027 

1.0235 

Mar. 

1 

59.14 

.320 

•303 

.279 

.245 

.204 

.158 

.108 

.056 

0.013 

1.0173 

16 

73-93 

.321 

.313 

.296 

.270 

.236 

•195 

.148 

.097 

•057 

1.0096 

Apr. 

1 

89.70 

.317 

•319 

.312 

.295 

.269 

•235 

.195 

.148 

.101 

0.082 

1.0009 

16 

104.49 

•311 

.321 

.323 

.315 

.297 

.271 

.238 

.201 

•175 

.177 

0.9923 

May 

1 

119.29 

•303 

.318 

.330 

.329 

•320 

.302 

.278 

•253 

.255 

.259 

0.9841 

16 

-  134.05 

.294 

.318 

•333 

•339 

•337 

.327 

•312 

.298 

•3I7 

.322 

0.9772 

June 

1 

149.82 

CO 

cs 

•315 

•334 

•345 

•349 

•345 

•337 

•344 

.360 

.366 

0.9714 

16 

164.60 

.283 

.313 

•334 

•348 

•354 

•353 

.348 

.361 

.378 

.384 

0.9679 

July 

1 

179-39 

.283 

.312 

•333 

•  347 

.352 

.351 

•345 

.356 

•373 

•379 

0.9666 

16 

I94.I3 

to 

CO 

*vj 

.314 

.332 

•342 

•345 

.340 

•329 

.331 

•347 

.352 

0.9674 

Aug. 

1 

209.94 

.294 

.316 

.330 

•334 

.330 

.318 

.300 

.282 

.295 

.300 

0.9709 

16 

224.73 

.303 

.318 

.325 

.322 

.310 

.291 

.264 

.234 

.227 

.231 

0.9760 

Sept. 

1 

240.50 

.310 

.318 

.316 

.305 

.285 

.256 

.220 

.180 

•139 

.140 

0.9828 

16 

255-29 

•315 

•315 

.305 

.284 

.256 

.220 

.178 

.130 

.107 

.043 

0. 9909 

Oct. 

1 

270.07 

•317 

.308 

.289 

.261 

.225 

.183 

•135 

.084 

.065 

0-9995 

16 

284.86 

.316 

.298 

.271 

.236 

.194 

.147 

.097 

.047 

.015 

1.0080 

Nov. 

1 

300.63 

.312 

.286 

.251 

.211 

.164 

.114 

.063 

.018 

1.0164 

16 

31542 

.308 

.276 

.235 

.190 

.140 

.089 

.040 

1.0235 

Dec. 

1 

330.19 

.304 

.267 

.224 

.175 

.124 

.072 

.024 

1.0288 

16 

344.98 

.302 

.263 

.218 

.167 

.115 

.064 

.016 

1.0323 

Year..... 

0.305 

0.301 

0.289 

0.268 

0.241 

0. 209 

0.173 

0.144 

0.133 

0.126 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


217 


Table  92. 


RELATIVE  AMOUNTS  OF  SOLAR  RADIATION  RECEIVED  ON  A 
HORIZONTAL  SURFACE  DURING  THE  YEAR  AT  DIFFERENT  LATITUDES. 


Latitude. 

(North.) 

ATMOSPHERIC  TRANSMISSION  COEFFICIENT. 

1.0 

0.9 

0.8 

0.7 

0.6 

Equator. 

439 

374 

316 

262 

213 

10° 

433 

368 

310 

257 

209 

20° 

416 

350 

293 

242 

195 

3°: 

386 

322 

266 

213 

171 

40 

347 

284 

231 

185 

144 

50° 

301 

239 

190 

149 

1 14 

6o° 

249 

191 

148 

1 13 

84 

70° 

207 

152 

11 3 

83 

60 

00 

o 

0 

192 

134 

94 

64 

43 

QO° 

181 

125 

85 

56 

35 

Table  93. 

AIR  MASS,  M,  CORRESPONDING  TO  DIFFERENT  ZENITH  DISTANCES 

OF  THE  SUN. 


sun’s  zenith  distance. 

Sun’s 

zenith 

0° 

1° 

2° 

3° 

4° 

5° 

6° 

7° 

8° 

9° 

distance. 

AIR  MASS. 

0 

1. 00 

10 

1. 02 

1. 04 

20 

1. 06 

1. 07 

1. 08 

1.09 

I.  09 

1. 10 

1. 11 

1. 12 

1  13 

1. 14 

30 

1. 15 

1. 17 

1. 18 

1. 19 

I.  20 

1.  22 

1.24 

1.25 

1.27 

1.  28 

40 

1.30 

1.32 

i-34 

i-37 

1-39 

1. 41 

1.44 

1.46 

1.49 

1.52 

50 

i-55 

i-59 

1.62 

1. 66 

1.70 

1.74 

1.78 

1.83 

1.88 

1.94 

60 

2. 00 

2. 06 

2. 12 

2.  20 

2.  27 

2.36 

2-45 

2-55 

2.65 

2.77 

70 

2.90 

3-05 

3.21 

3-39 

3-59 

3.82 

4. 08 

4-37 

4.72 

5-i2 

80 

5.60 

6. 18 

6.88 

7-77 

8.90 

10.39 

12.44 

I5-36 

19.79 

26.96 

Table  94. 


RELATIVE  ILLUMINATION  INTENSITIES. 


Source  of  illumination. 

Intensity. 

Ratio  to  zenithal 
full  moon. 

Zenithal  sun . 

Foot-candles. 
9600. 0 

465000. 0 

Sky  at  sunset . 

33-00 

1650. 0 

Sky  at  end  of  civil  twilight . 

0. 40 

20. 0 

Zenithal  full  moon . 

0. 02 

1. 0 

Quarter  moon . 

0. 002 

0. 1 

Starlight . 

0. 00008 

1 

0. 004 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


2l8 


MISCELLANEOUS  TABLES. 


Weight  in  grams  of  a  cubic  centimeter  of  air: 

English  measures  —  Temperature  term . Table  95 

Humidity  term;  auxiliary  table  .  .  Table  96 

Humidity  and  pressure  terms,  com¬ 
bined  . Table  97 

Metric  measures  —  Temperature  term . Table  98 

Humidity  term;  auxiliary  table  .  .  Table  99 

Humidity  and  pressure  terms,  com¬ 
bined  . Table  ioo 

Atmospheric  water-vapor  lines  in  the  visible  spectrum  .  .  .  Table  10  i 

Atmospheric  water-vapor  bands  in  the  infra-red  spectrum  .  Table  102 

Transmission  percentages  of  radiation  through  moist  air  .  .  Table  103 

International  Meteorological  Symbols  ........  Table  104 

International  Cloud  Classification  . Table  105 

Beaufort  Weather  Notation . Table  106 

List  of  meteorological  stations . Table  107 


Table  95 


WEIGHT  IN  CRAMS  OF  ONE  CUBIC  CENTIMETER  OF  AIR. 

Temperature  term:  St  =  -  —  -  2,2°) '  Fahrenheit  temperatures. 


1  cubic  centimeter  of  dry  air  at  the  temperature  320  F.  and  pressure  760  mm.,  under  the 
standard  value  of  gravity  and  sea-level,  weighs  0.00129305  gram. 


Temper¬ 

ature. 

St 

Log  3t 

Temper¬ 

ature. 

s, 

Log  8t 

Temper¬ 

ature. 

S, 

Log  St 

F. 

0.00 

—  10 

F. 

0.00 

—  10 

F. 

0.00 

—  10 

-45° 

15339 

7-18579 

30° 

12983 

7- 1 1339 

75° 

1 1 888 

7.07512 

-40 

I5I55 

.18056 

31 

12957 

.11250 

76 

1 1866 

.07430 

-35 

14977 

.17541 

32 

12931 

.11162 

77 

11844 

.07349 

-30 

14802 

.17031 

33 

12904 

.11073 

78 

11822 

.07268 

-25 

14631 

.16527 

34 

12878 

.10985 

79 

1 1800 

.07187 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

-20 

14464 

7.16029 

35 

12852 

7.10897 

80 

11778 

7.07107 

-  18 

14398 

.15831 

36 

12826 

. 10809 

81 

11756 

.07026 

-  16 

14333 

.15634 

37 

12800 

.10721 

82 

1 1734 

.06946 

-  14 

14269 

•15439 

38 

12774 

.10633 

83 

11713 

.06865 

— 12 

14205 

.15244 

39 

12749 

.10546 

84 

11691 

.06785 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

-  10 

14142 

7.15050 

40 

12723 

7.10459 

85 

11670 

7.06705 

-  8 

14079 

.14856 

4i 

12698 

.10372 

86 

11648 

.06625 

-  6 

1401 7 

.14664 

42 

12672 

.10285 

87 

11627 

.06546 

-  4 

13955 

13894 

.14472 

43 

12647 

.10198 

88 

11605 

.06466 

—  2 

.14282 

44 

12622 

.10112 

89 

11584 

.06387 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

+  0 

13833 

7. 14092 

45 

12597 

7.10025 

90 

11563 

7.06307 

1 

13803 

.13997 

46 

12572 

•09939 

91 

1 1542 

.06228 

2 

13773 

.13903 

47 

12547 

.09853 

92 

11521 

.06149 

3 

13743 

.  13808 

48 

12522 

.09767 

93 

1 1500 

.06070 

4 

I37I3 

.13714 

49 

12497 

.09682 

94 

1 1479 

.05992 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

5 

13684 

7.13621 

50 

12473 

7.09596 

95 

11458 

7-°59T3 

6 

13654 

.13527 

5i 

12448 

.09511 

96 

11438 

.05835 

7 

13625 

.13434 

52 

12424 

.09426 

97 

11418 

.05757 

8 

13596 

.13340 

53 

12400 

.09341 

98 

1 1 397 

.05678 

9 

13567 

.13247 

54 

12375 

.09256 

99 

11376 

.05600 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

10 

13538 

7.I3I55 

55 

12351 

7.09171 

100 

11356 

7.05523 

11 

13509 

.13062 

56 

12327 

.09087 

IOI 

11336 

.05445 

12 

13480 

.12970 

57 

12303 

.09002 

102 

11315 

•05367 

13 

13452 

.12877 

58 

12280 

.08918 

103 

11295 

.05290 

14 

13423 

.12785 

59 

12256 

.08834 

104 

1 1275 

.05213 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

15 

13395 

7.12694 

60 

12232 

7.08750 

105 

1 1255 

7.05136 

16 

13367 

. 1 2602 

61 

12209 

.08667 

106 

1 1 235 

.05058 

17 

13338 

.12510 

62 

12185 

.08583 

107 

11215 

.04982 

18 

I33IO 

.12419 

63 

12162 

.08500 

108 

11196 

.04905 

19 

13282 

.12328 

64 

12138 

.08416 

109 

11176 

.04828 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

20 

13255 

7.12237 

65 

12115 

7.08334 

no 

11156 

7.04752 

21 

13227 

.12147 

66 

12092 

.0S251 

112 

11117 

.04599 

22 

13200 

.12056 

67 

12069 

.08168 

1 14 

11078 

.04447 

23 

13172 

.11966 

68 

12046 

.08085 

116 

1 1040 

.04296 

24 

I3I45 

.11876 

69 

12023 

.08003 

1 18 

1 1001 

.04145 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

25 

13118 

7.11786 

70 

1 2001 

7.07921 

120 

10963 

7.03994 

26 

13091 

.11696 

7i 

11978 

.07839 

125 

10870 

.03621 

27 

13064 

.11606 

72 

11956 

•07757 

130 

10776 

.03248 

28 

13037 

.11517 

73 

1 1933 

.07675 

135 

10686 

.02883 

29 

13010 

.11428 

74 

11910 

•07593 

140 

10597 

.02518 

Smithsonian  Tabus. 


220 


Table  96. 

WEIGHT  IN  GRAMS  OF  ONE  CUBIC  CENTIMETER  OF  AIR. 

Humidity  term:  Values  of  0378  e.  Auxiliary  to  Table  97. 

e  =  Vapor  pressure  in  inches.  (See  Tables  69  and  70.) 


Temperature  by  normal  hydrogen  thermometer. 


Dew- 

Point. 

e 

Vapor 

Pressure. 

(Ice.) 

0.378  c 

Dew- 

Point. 

Vapor 

Pressure. 

(*) 

0.378e 

Dew- 

Point. 

Vapor 

Pressure. 

(Water.) 

0.378e 

Dew- 

Point. 

Vapor 
Pres-  ; 
sure. 
(Water.) 

0.378e 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

F. 

Inch. 

Inch. 

F. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

-60° 

0.0010 

0.000 

-10° 

0.0223 

0.008 

40° 

0.2477 

0.094 

90° 

1.423 

0.538 

59 

.0011 

.000 

9 

.0236 

.009 

4i 

•2575 

.097 

91 

1.469 

•555 

58 

.0011 

.000 

8 

.0249 

.009 

42 

.2677 

.101 

92 

I-5I5 

•573 

57 

.0012 

.000 

7 

.0263 

.010 

43 

.2782 

.106 

93 

1.563 

•591 

56 

.0013 

.000 

6 

.0277 

.010 

44 

.2891 

.109 

94 

1.612 

.609 

-55 

0.0014 

0.001 

5 

0.0292 

O.OII 

45 

0.3003 

0.114 

95 

1.662 

0.628 

54 

.0015 

.001 

4 

.0308 

.012 

46 

.3120 

.118 

96 

I.7I4 

.648 

53 

.0016 

.001 

3 

.0325 

.012 

47 

.3240 

.122 

97 

1.767 

.668 

52 

.0017 

.001 

2 

.0343 

.013 

48 

•3365 

.127 

98 

1.822 

.689 

5i 

.0018 

.001 

—  1 

.0361 

.014 

49 

•3493 

.132 

99 

1.878 

.710 

-50 

0.0020 

0.001 

±  0 

0.0381 

0.014 

50 

0.3626 

0.137 

100 

1.936 

0.732 

49 

.0021 

.001 

+  1 

.0401 

.015 

5i 

•3763 

.142 

IOI 

1.994 

•754 

48 

.0023 

.001 

2 

.0423 

.016 

52 

•3905 

.147 

102 

2.055 

•777 

47 

.0024 

.001 

3 

•0445 

.017 

53 

.4052 

-153 

103 

2. 117 

.800 

46 

.0026 

.001 

4 

.0468 

.018 

54 

.4203 

-159 

104 

2.181 

.824 

-45 

0.0028 

0.001 

4-  5 

0.0493 

0.019 

55 

0.4359 

0.165 

105 

2.246 

0.849 

44 

.0029 

.001 

6 

.0519 

.020 

56 

•452i 

.171 

106 

2.314 

.875 

43 

.0031 

.001 

7 

.0546 

.021 

57 

.4687 

.177 

107 

2.382 

.900 

42 

•0033 

.001 

8 

•0574 

.022 

58 

•4859 

.184 

108 

2.453 

•927 

4i  • 

.0036 

.001 

9 

.0604 

.023 

59 

•5037 

.190 

109 

2.525 

•954 

-40 

0.0038 

0.001 

+  10 

0.0635 

0.024 

60 

0.5220 

0.197 

no 

2-599 

0.982 

39 

.0040 

.002 

11 

.0667 

.025 

61 

•5409 

.204 

hi 

2.676 

1.012 

38 

.0043 

.002 

12 

.0701 

.027 

62 

.5604 

.212 

112 

2-754 

1. 041 

37 

.0046 

.002 

13 

.0736 

.028 

63 

.5805 

.219 

113 

2.833 

1.071 

36 

.0049 

.002 

14 

.0773 

.029 

64 

.6013 

.227 

114 

2.915 

1. 102  j 

-35 

0.0052 

0.002 

+  15 

0.0812 

0.031 

65 

0.6226 

0.23S 

115 

2.999 

I-I34 

34 

•0055 

.002 

16 

.0852 

.032 

66 

.6447 

.244 

116 

3-085 

1. 166 

33 

.0059 

.002 

17 

.0895 

•034 

67 

.6674 

.252 

117 

3-173 

I-I99 

32 

.0062 

.002 

18 

•0939 

•035 

68 

.6909 

.261 

118 

3.264 

1.234 

3i 

.0066 

.003 

19 

.0985 

•037 

69 

•7150 

.270 

119 

3-356 

1.269 

-30 

0.0070 

0.003 

+20 

0.1033 

0.039 

70 

0.7399 

0.280 

120 

3-451 

1.304 

29 

.0075 

.003 

21 

.1084 

.041 

7i 

.7655 

.289 

121 

3-548 

1. -34i 

28 

.0080 

.003 

22 

.1136 

•043 

72 

.7919 

.299 

122 

3.647 

1-379 

27 

.0084 

.003 

23 

.1191 

•045 

73 

.8191 

.310 

123 

3-749 

1.417 

26 

.0090 

.003 

24 

.1248 

.047 

74 

.8471 

.320 

124 

3.853 

1.456 

-25 

0.0095 

0.004 

+25 

0.1308 

0.049 

75 

0.8760 

o.33i 

125 

3-960- 

1.497 

24 

.0101 

.004 

26 

.1370 

.052 

76 

.9056 

•343 

126 

4.069 

i.538 

23 

.0107 

.004 

27 

•1435 

.054 

77 

.9362 

•354 

127 

4.180 

1.580 

22 

.0113 

.004 

28 

.1502 

.057 

78 

.9677 

.366 

128 

4.294 

1.623 

21 

.0120 

.005 

29 

•  1573 

•059 

79 

1. 0001 

•378 

129 

4.412 

1.668 

-20 

0.0127 

0.005 

+30 

0.1646 

0.062 

80 

1-0334 

0.391 

130 

4.531 

I.7I3 

19 

•oi35 

.005 

3i 

.1723 

.065 

81 

1.0676 

•404 

131 

4-654 

1-759 

18 

.0143 

.005 

32 

.1803 

.068 

82 

1. 1029 

.417 

132 

4-779 

1.806 

17 

.0151 

.006 

33 

.1877 

.071 

83 

1. 1392 

-431 

133 

4.907 

1.855 

16 

.0160 

.006 

34 

•1954 

•074 

84 

1.1765 

•445 

134 

5-038 

1.904 

-15 

0.0169 

0.006 

+35 

0.2034 

0.077 

85 

1. 2149 

0.459 

135 

5.I72 

1-955 

14 

.0179 

.007 

36 

.2117 

.080 

86 

1.2543 

•474 

136 

5.309 

2.007 

13 

.0189 

.007 

37 

.2202 

.083 

87 

1.2949 

•489 

137 

5-449 

2.060 

12 

.0200 

.008 

38 

.2291 

.087 

88 

I-3365 

.505 

138 

5-592 

2.114 

11 

.0211 

.008 

39 

.2382 

.090 

89 

1-3794 

.521 

139 

5-739 

2.169 

10 

0.0223 

0.008 

40 

0.2477 

0.094 

90 

1.4234 

0.538 

140 

5-889 

2.226 

*  Values  for  temperatures  less  than  32°  F.  refer  to  vapor  over  ice. 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


221 


Table  97. 

WEIGHT  IN  CRAMS  OF  ONE  CUBIC  CENTIMETER  OF  AIR. 

Humidity  and  pressure  terms  combined:  =  — - —  =  — — 

50  29.921  29.921 


5  =  Barometric  pressure  in  inches;  e  =  Vapor  pressure  in  inches. 


h. 

h 

inn  ^ 

h. 

h 

Lnn 

h. 

h 

Lnn  ^ 

29.921 

29.921 

29.291 

Log 

29.921 

29.921 

Log 

29.921 

Inch’s. 

10.0 

0.3342 

—  IO 

9.52402 

jlnches. 

15.0 

0.5013 

— 10 

9.70012 

Inches. 

20.0 

0.6684 

— 10 
9-82505 

10. 1 

•3376 

.52835 

I5-I 

.5047 

.70300 

20.1 

.6718 

.82722 

10.2 

.3409 

.53262 

'  15-2 

.5080 

.70587 

20.2 

.6751 

.82938 

10.3 

•3442 

.53686 

15-3 

•5113 

.70871 

20.3 

.6784 

.83152 

10.4 

.3476 

.54106 

15-4 

.5147 

.71154 

20.4 

.6818 

.83365 

10.5 

0.3509 

9-54521 

15.5 

0.5180 

9-71435 

20.5 

O.6851 

9-83578 

|  10.6 

•3543 

•54933 

15-6 

.5214 

.71715 

20.6 

.6885 

•83789 

10.7 

•3576 

•55341 

15-7 

.5247 

.71992 

20.7 

.6918 

•83999 

10.8 

.3609 

•55745 

15.8 

.5281 

.72268 

20.8 

.6952 

.84209 

10.9 

•3643 

.56145 

15.9 

.5314 

•72542 

20.9 

•6985 

.84417 

I  1  1.0 

0.3676 

9.56542 

16.0 

0-5347 

9.72814 

21.0 

0.7018 

9.84624 

11. 1 

.3710 

.56935 

16. 1 

.5381 

.73085 

21. 1 

.7052 

.84831 

11. 2 

•3743 

.57324 

16.2 

.5414 

.73354 

21.2 

.7085 

.85036 

ii.3 

•3777 

•57710 

16.3 

.5448 

.73621 

21.3 

.7119 

.85240 

11.4 

.3810 

•58093 

16.4 

.5481 

.73887 

21.4 

.7152 

.85444 

11.5 

0.3843 

9.58472 

16.5 

0.5515 

9-74151 

21.5 

O.7186 

9.85646 

!  11. 6 

.3877 

.58848 

16.6 

•5548 

.74413 

21.6 

.7219 

.85848 

1  11. 7 

•39io 

.59221 

16.7 

.5581 

.74674 

21.7 

.7252 

.86048 

:  11. 8 

•3944 

•59591 

16.8 

.5615 

.74933 

21.8 

.7286 

.86248 

11. 9 

•3977 

•59957 

16.9 

.5648 

.75191 

21.9 

.7319 

.86447 

12.0 

0.401 1 

9.60321 

17.0 

0.5682 

9-75447 

22.0 

0-7353 

9.86645 

12. 1 

.4044 

.60681 

17.1 

.5715 

•75702 

22.1 

.7386 

.86842 

12.2 

.4077 

.61038 

17.2 

.5748 

•75955 

22.2 

.7420 

.87038 

12.3 

.4111 

•61393 

17.3 

.5782 

.76207 

22.3 

•7453 

.87233 

12.4 

.4144 

.61745 

17.4 

.5815 

.76457 

22.4 

.7486 

.87427 

1 2.5 

0.4178 

9.62093 

17.5 

0.5849 

9.76706 

22.5 

0.7520 

9.87621 

12.6 

.4211 

•62439 

17.6 

.5882 

.76954 

22.6 

•7553 

.87813 

12.7 

.4244 

.62782 

17.7 

.5916 

.77200 

22.7 

.7587 

.88005 

12.8 

.4278 

.63123 

17.8 

•5949 

•77444 

22.8 

.7620 

.88196 

12.9 

•4311 

.63461 

17.9 

.5982 

.77687 

22.9 

.7653 

.88386 

13.0 

o.4345 

9.63797 

18.0 

0.6016 

9.77930 

23.0 

0.7687 

9.88575 

13- 1 

.4378 

.64130 

18. 1 

.6049 

.78170 

23.1 

.7720 

.88764 

13.2 

.4412 

.64460 

18.2 

.6083 

.78410 

23.2 

•7754 

.88951 

13.3 

•4445 

.64788 

18.3 

.6116 

.78648 

23.3 

.7787 

.89138 

13-4 

.4478 

.65113 

18.4 

.6149 

.78884 

234 

.7821 

.89324 

13.5 

0.4512 

9-65436 

18.5 

0.6183 

9. 79120 

23.5 

0.7854 

9.89509 

13.6 

•4545 

.65756 

18.6 

.6216 

•79354 

23.6 

.7887 

•89693 

13-7 

•4579 

.66074 

18.7 

.6250 

.79587 

23.7 

.7921 

.89877 

13.8 

.4612 

.66390 

18.8 

.6283 

.79818 

23.8 

•7954 

.90060 

13-9 

.4646 

.66704 

18.9 

.6317 

.80049 

23-9 

.7988 

.90242 

14.0 

0.4679 

9.67015 

19.0 

0.6350 

9.80278 

24.0 

0.8021 

9.90424 

14. 1 

.4712 

.67324 

19. 1 

.6383 

.80506 

24.1 

.8054 

.90604 

14.2 

.4746 

.67631 

19.2 

.6417 

.80733 

24.2 

.8088 

.90784 

14.3 

•4779 

.4813 

.67936 

19.3 

.6450 

.80958 

24-3 

.8121 

.90963 

14.4 

.68239 

19.4 

.6484 

.81183 

24.4 

.8155 

.91141 

14.5 

0.4846 

9-68539 

19.5 

0.6517 

9.81406 

24.5 

0.8188 

9.91319 

|  14-6 

.4879 

.68837 

19.6 

.6551 

.81628 

24.6 

.8222 

•9j496 

14-7 

•49T3 

.69134 

19.7 

.6584 

.81849 

24.7 

.8255 

.91672 

1  14.8 

.4946 

.69429 

19.8 

.6617 

.82069 

24.8 

.8289 

.91848 

1  14-9 

.4980 

.69721 

19.9 

.6651 

.82288 

24.9 

.8322 

.92022 

Smithsonian  Tabus. 


222 


Table  97. 

WEIGHT  IN  GRAMS  OF  ONE  CUBIC  CENTIMETER  OF  AIR. 


Humidity  and  pressure  terms  combined:  r-  = - —  = - - - . 

J  50  29.921  29.921 


B  =  Barometric  pressure  in  inches;  e  =  Vapor  pressure  in  inches. 


h. 

h 

loa  -  ^ 

h. 

h 

Lnn  ^ 

h. 

h 

l_oa  ^ _ 

29.921 

i-ug 

29.921 

29.921 

LOU 

29.921 

29.921 

LUU 

29.921 

Inches. 

25.00 

0.8355 

— 10 

9.92196 

Inches. 

27.25 

0.9107 

— 10 

9-95939 

Inches. 

29.50 

0.9859 

—  10 

9.99385 

25.05 

.8372 

.92283 

27.30 

.9124 

.96019 

29-55 

.9876 

.99458 

25.10 

.8389 

.92370 

27.35 

.9141 

.96098 

29.60 

.9893 

.99532 

25-15 

.8405 

.92456 

27.40 

.9157 

.96177 

29.65 

•9909 

.99605 

25.20 

.8422 

.92542 

2745 

.9174 

.96256 

29.70 

.9926 

•99678 

25.25 

0.8439 

9.92628 

27.50 

0.9191 

9.96336 

29.75 

0-9943 

9-99751 

25-30 

.8456 

.92714 

27.55 

.9208 

.96414 

29.80 

.9960 

.99824  • 

25.35 

.8472 

.92800 

27.60 

.9224 

.96493 

29.85 

.9976 

.99897  ' 

25.40 

.8489 

.92886 

27.65 

.9241 

.96572 

29.90 

•9993 

•99970 

25.45 

.8506 

.92971 

27.70 

.9258 

.96650 

29.95 

1. 0010 

0.00042 

25.50 

0.8522 

9-93056 

27.75 

0.9274 

9.96728 

30.00 

1.0026 

0.001 15 

25-55 

•8539 

•93141 

27.80 

.9291 

.96807 

30.05 

1.0043 

.00187  ; 

25.60 

.8556 

.93226 

27.85 

.9308 

.96885 

30.10 

1.0060 

.00259  j 

25.65 

.8573 

•933 1 1 

27.90 

.9325 

•96963 

30-15 

1.0076 

.00331  j 

25-70 

.8589 

.93396 

27.95 

.9341 

.97040 

30.20 

1.0093 

.00403  • 

25.75 

0.8606 

9.93480 

28.00 

0.9358 

9.97118 

30.25 

I.OIIO 

0.00475 

25.80 

.8623 

•93564 

28.05 

•9375 

.97195 

30.30 

1. 0127 

.00547 

25.85 

.8639 

.93648 

28.10 

•9391 

.97273 

30.35 

I-OI43 

.00618 

25.90 

.8656 

.93732 

28.15 

.9408 

.97350 

30.40 

1. 0160 

.00690 

25-95 

.8673 

.93816 

28.20 

.9425 

.97427 

30.45 

1.0177 

.00761 

26.00 

0.8690 

9.93900 

28.25 

0.9441 

9-97504 

30.50 

1. 0193 

0.00832 

26.05 

.8706 

•93983 

28.30 

•9458 

•9758i 

30.55 

1. 0210 

.00903 

26.10 

.8723 

.94066 

28.35 

•9475 

.97657 

30.60 

1.0227 

.00975 

26.15 

.8740 

.94149 

28.40 

.9492 

•97734 

30.65 

1.0244 

.01045 

26.20 

.8756 

•94233 

28.45 

.9508 

.97810 

30.70 

1.0260 

.01116 

26.25 

0.8773 

9-94315 

28.50 

0.9525 

9-97887 

30.75 

1.0277 

0.01187 

26.30 

.8790 

.94398 

28.55 

.9542 

.97963 

30.80 

1.0294 

.01257 

26.35 

.8806 

.94480 

28.60 

•9558 

.98039 

30.85 

1. 0310 

.01328 

26.40 

.8823 

.94563 

28.65 

•9575 

.98115 

30.90 

1.0327 

.01398 

26.45 

.8840 

.94645 

28.70 

.9592 

.98191 

30.95 

1.0344 

.01468 

26.50 

0.8857 

9.94727 

28.75 

0.9609 

9.98266 

31.00 

1.0361 

0.01539 

26.55 

.8873 

.94809 

28.80 

.9625 

.98342 

31.05 

1.0377 

.01608 

26.60 

.8890 

.94891 

28.85 

.9642 

.98417 

31.10 

1-0394 

.01678 

26.65 

.8907 

.94972 

28.90 

.9659 

.98492 

3i.i5 

1. 0411 

.01748 

26.70 

.8924 

.95054 

28.95 

.9675 

.98567 

31.20 

1.0427 

.01818 

26.75 

0.8940 

9-95135 

29.00 

0.9692 

9.98642 

31.25 

1.0444 

0.01887 

26.80 

.8957 

.95216 

29.05 

.9709 

.98717 

31-30 

1.0461 

.01957 

26.85 

.8974 

.95297 

29.10 

.9726 

.98792 

31-35 

1.0478 

.02026 

26.90 

.8990 

.95378 

29-15 

.9742 

.98866 

31.40 

1.0494 

.02095 

26.95 

.9007 

.95458 

29.20 

•9759 

.98941 

31.45 

1.0511 

.02164 

27.00 

0.9024 

9-95539 

29.25 

0.9776 

9.99015 

31.50 

1.0528 

0.02233 

27.05 

.9040 

•95619 

29.30 

.9792 

.99089 

31  55 

1.0544 

.02302 

27.10 

•9057 

.95699 

29-35 

.9809 

.99163 

31.60 

1.0561 

.02371 

27.15 

.9074 

•95779 

29.40 

.9826 

.99237 

31.65 

1.0578 

.02439 

27.20 

.9091 

•95859 

29-45 

.9843 

•993H 

31.70 

1.0594 

.02508 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


223 


Table  98. 

WE1CHT  IN  CRAMS  OF  ONE  CUBIC  CENTIMETER  OF  AIR. 


Temperature  term:  dt>  7£0  = 


0.00129305 
1  +0.003670/' 


Centigrade  temperature. 


1  cubic  centimeter  of  dry  air  at  the  temperature  o°  C.  and  pressure  760  mm.,  under  the 
standard  value  of  gravity  and  sea-level,  weighs  0.00129305  gram. 


t. 

\  760 

Log  St>  76o 

t. 

St,  760 

Log  St,  76o 

t. 

St,  760 

L°g  St,  760 

c. 

0.00 

— 10 

c. 

0.00 

—  10 

c. 

0.00 

— 10 

-34° 

14774 

7.16950 

-  4?  5 

13148 

7.11885 

1 8?0 

12129 

7.08383 

-33 

147 1 2 

.16768 

-  4.0 

13123 

.11804 

18.5 

12108 

8309 

-32 

14651 

.16587 

-  3-5 

13099 

.11723 

19.0 

12088 

8234 

-3i 

14590 

0.00 

.16407 

-  3-o 

13074 

0.00 

.11642 

19-5 

12067 

0.00 

8160 

-30 

14530 

7.16227 

-  2.5 

13050 

7.11562 

20.0 

12046 

7.08085 

-29 

1447 1 

.16049 

—  2.0 

13026 

.11481 

20.5 

12026 

Son 

-28 

14412 

.15871 

-  1-5 

13002 

.11401 

21.0 

12005 

7937 

-27 

14353 

.15693 

—  1.0 

12978 

.11321 

21.5 

11985 

7863 

j  -26 

14295 

0.00 

•15517 

-  0.5 

12954 

0.00 

.11241 

22.0 

11965 

0.00 

7789 

-25 

14237 

7.15341 

0.0 

1 293 1 

7.11162 

22.5 

1 1 944 

7.07716 

-24 

14179 

.15166 

+  0.5 

12907 

.11082 

23.0 

1 1924 

7642 

-23 

14123 

.14991 

1.0 

12884 

. I 1006 

23-5 

11904 

7569 

—  22 

14066 

.14818 

1-5 

12860 

.10923 

24.0 

11884 

7496 

—  21 

14010 

0.00 

.14645 

2.0 

12836 

0.00 

. 10844 

24-5 

11864 

0.00 

7422 

-20.0 

13955 

7.14472 

2.5 

12813 

7.10765 

25.0 

11844 

7-07349 

-19-5 

13927 

.14386 

3-0 

12790 

. 10686 

25-5 

11824 

7276 

—  19.0 

13900 

.14301 

3-5 

12766 

. 10607 

26.0 

11804 

7204 

-18.5 

13872 

.14215 

4.0 

12744 

.10529 

26.5 

11784 

7131 

—  18.0 

13845 

0.00 

.14130 

4-5 

12720 

0.00 

.10450 

27.0 

11765 

0.00 

7058 

-17.5 

13818 

7.14044 

5.0 

12698 

7.10372 

27.5 

H745 

7.06986 

—  17.0 

I379I 

.13959 

5-5 

12675 

. 10294 

28.0 

11726 

6913 

-  16.5 

13764 

.13S74 

6.0 

12652 

.10216 

28.5 

11706 

6841 

—  16.0 

13737 

.13790 

6-5 

12629 

.10138 

29.0 

11687 

6769 

-15.5 

13710 

0.00 

.13705 

7-0 

12607 

0.00 

. 10069 

29.5 

11667 

0.00 

6697 

-15.0 

13684 

7.13621 

7.5 

12584 

7.09982 

30.0 

11648 

7.06625 

-14-5 

13657 

.13536 

8.0 

12562 

9905 

3°-5 

11629 

6554 

—  14.0 

13631 

.13452 

8-5 

12539 

9828 

31.0 

11610 

6482 

-13-5 

13604 

.13368 

9.0 

12517 

9750 

3i-5 

11591 

6411 

-  13.0 

13578 

0.00 

.13285 

9-5 

12495 

0.00 

9673 

32.0 

11572 

0.00 

6340 

-12.5 

13552 

7.13201 

10.0 

12473 

7.09596 

32.5 

H553 

7.06268 

—  12.0 

13526 

.13117 

10.5 

1 245 1 

9519 

33-o 

II534 

6197 

-  11.5 

13500 

.13034 

11. 0 

12429 

9443 

33-5 

11515 

6126 

— 11. 0 

13473 

.12951 

11. 5 

12407 

9366 

34-o 

11496 

6055 

-10.5 

13449 

0.00 

.12868 

12.0 

12385 

0.00 

9290 

34-5 

11477 

0.00 

5984 

-10.0 

13423 

7.12785 

12.5 

12363 

7.09214 

35.0 

1 1459 

7.05913 

-  9-5 

13393 

.12703 

13.0 

12342 

9137 

35-5 

1 1 440 

5843 

-  9.0 

13372 

. 12620 

13-5 

12320 

9061 

36.0 

11421 

5772 

-  8.5 

13347 

.12538 

14.0 

12299 

8986 

36.5 

1 1403 

5702 

—  8.0 

13322 

0.00 

.12456 

14.5 

12277 

0.00 

8910 

37-o 

11385 

0.00 

5632 

-  7.5 

13297 

7.12374 

15.0 

12256 

7.08834 

37.5 

11366 

7-05562 

-  7.0 

13271 

.12292 

15-5 

12235 

8759 

38.0 

11348 

5492 

-  6.5 

13246 

.12210 

16.0 

12213 

8683 

38.5 

1 1330 

5422 

—  6.0 

13222 

.12128 

16.5 

12192 

8608 

39-o 

11311 

5352 

-  5-5 

13 197 
0.00 

.12047 

17.0 

12171 

0.00 

8553 

39-5 

1 1 293 
0.00 

5282 

-  5.0 

13172 

7.11966 

17.5 

12150 

7-08458 

40.0 

11275 

7.05213 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


224 


Table  98. 

WEIGHT  IN  GRAMS  OF  ONE  CUBIC  CENTIMETER  OF  AIR. 

Temperature  term.  ( Continued .) 


t. 

fy,  760 

Log  760 

t. 

^t,  760 

L°g  ^t,  760 

t. 

fy,  760 

L°g  fy,  760 

c. 

0.  00 

—  IC 

c. 

0. 00 

—  10 

c. 

0. 00 

-10 

40° 

11275 

7.05213 

50° 

10926 

7-03845 

60° 

10597 

7.02518 

4i 

1 1 239 

•  05074 

5i 

10892 

.03710 

61 

10565 

. 02388 

42 

1 1 204 

•  04936 

52 

10858 

•03576 

62 

10534 

. 02258 

43 

11168 

.04798 

53 

10825 

•  03443 

63 

10502 

. 02128 

44 

III33 

0. 00 

. 04660 

54 

10792 

0. 00 

. 03309 

64 

10471 

0. 00 

. 01999 

45 

11098 

7- 04523 

55 

10759 

7.03177 

65 

10440 

7. 01870 

46 

11063 

. 04387 

56 

10726 

•  03044 

66 

10409 

. 01742 

47 

11028 

.04251 

57 

10694 

. 02912 

67 

10379 

. 01614 

48 

10994 

.04115 

58 

1 066 1 

. 02780 

68 

10348 

. 01486 

49 

10960 

. 03980 

59 

10629 

. 02649 

69 

10318 

.01358 

Table  99. 

Humidity  term  :  Values  of  0.378  e.  Auxiliary  to  Table  100. 

6  =  Vapor  pressure  in  mm.  (See  Tables  71  and  72.) 


Dew¬ 

point. 

e 

Vapor  Pressure 

(Ice). 

0.378^ 

Dew¬ 

point. 

e 

Vapor  Pressure 
(Water). 

0.3786 

Dew- 

point. 

6 

Vapor  Pressure 
(Water). 

0.3786 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

C. 

mm. 

mm. 

-50 

0. 029 

0.  01 

0° 

4.580 

i-73 

30° 

3 1 . 860 

12.04 

-45 

0.054 

0. 02 

1 

4.924 

1. 86 

3i 

33- 735 

12.75 

-40 

0.  096 

0.04 

2 

5.291 

2. 00 

32 

35-705 

13-50 

-35 

0. 169 

0.  06 

3 

5.682 

2.15 

33 

37-775 

14.  28 

-30 

0.  288 

0. 11 

4 

6.098 

2.31 

34 

39-947 

15. 10 

-25 

0.480 

0. 18 

5 

6.541 

2.47 

35 

42. 227 

15.96 

24 

0.530 

0.  20 

6 

7. 012 

2.66 

36 

44.619 

16.  87 

23 

0.585 

0.  22 

7 

7-5I3 

2.84 

37 

47. 127 

17. 81 

22 

0.  646 

0.  24 

8 

8.045 

3-04 

38 

49- 756 

18.81 

21 

0.  712 

0.  27 

9 

8. 610 

3-25 

39 

52.510 

19.85 

-20 

0.783 

0.30 

10 

9.  210 

3-48 

40 

55.396 

20.94 

19 

0. 862 

0.33 

11 

9.846 

3-72 

41 

58.417 

22.08 

18 

0-947 

0.36 

12 

10.521 

3-98 

42 

61. 580 

23.28 

17 

1. 041 

0-39 

13 

11-235 

4-25 

43 

64. 889 

24-53 

16 

1. 142 

0-43 

14 

11.992 

4-53 

44 

68.350 

25.84 

-15 

1.252 

0-47 

15 

12.794 

4.84 

45 

71.968 

27.  20 

14 

1-373 

0.52 

16 

13.642 

5- 16 

46 

75.751 

28.63 

13 

'  1-503 

0-57 

17 

14-539 

5-50 

47 

79.703 

30.13 

12 

1.644 

0.  62 

18 

15-487 

5-85 

48 

83.830 

31.69 

11 

1.798 

0.68 

19 

16.489 

6.23 

49 

88. 140 

33-32 

-10 

1.964 

0-74 

20 

I7-548 

6.63 

50 

92.64 

35-02 

9 

2.144 

0.  81 

21 

18.665 

7. 06 

5i 

97-33 

36.79 

8 

2.340 

0 .88 

22 

19.844 

7-50 

52 

102. 23 

38.64 

7 

2-550 

0. 96 

23 

21. 087 

7-97 

53 

107.33 

40.57 

i  ^ 

2.  778 

105 

24 

22.398 

8.47 

54 

112.66 

42.59 

-5 

3-025 

1. 14 

25 

23.780 

8.99 

55 

118. 20 

44.68 

4 

3.291 

1.24 

26 

25-235 

9-54 

56 

123.98 

46.86 

3 

3-578 

i-35 

27 

26. 767 

10. 12 

57 

130. 00 

49. 14 

2 

3-887 

1.47 

28 

28. 380 

10.73 

58 

136. 26 

5i.5i 

1 

4.  220 

1.60 

29 

30. 076 

n-37 

59 

142.78 

53-97 

0 

4.580 

J-73 

30 

31.860 

12. 04 

60 

149-57 

56.54 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


225 


Table  1  00. 

WEIGHT  IN  CRAMS  OF  ONE  CUBIC  CENTIMETER  OF  AIR. 


Humidity  and  pressure  terms  combined  :  - 

°o 


h  B— 0.37&? 

760  760 


B=  Barometric  pressure  in  mm.  ;  e=  Vapor  pressure  in  mm. 


h. 

h 

760 

.  h 

Log  763' 

h. 

h 

760 

h  ! 

l°8  76o- 

, 

h 

760 

L°g 

760 

mm. 

300 

0.3947 

—  IO 

9-5963I 

mm. 

400 

0.5263 

— 10 

9.72125 

mm. 

450 

0.5921 

—  10 

9.77240 

302 

•3974 

•59919 

401 

.5276 

.72233 

45* 

•5934 

.77336 

304 

.4000 

.60206 

402 

.5289 

.72341 

452 

•5947 

•77432 

306 

.4026 

.60491 

403 

.5303 

.72449 

!  453 

.5961 

.77528 

308 

•4053 

.60774 

404 

•5316 

•72557 

454 

•5974 

.77624 

310 

0.4079 

9-61055 

405 

0.5329 

9.72664 

455 

0.5987 

9.77720 

312 

.4105 

•61334 

406 

.5342 

.72771 

456 

.6000 

.77815 

3i4 

.4132 

.6l6l2 

407 

•5355 

.72878 

457 

.6013 

.77910 

316 

.4158 

.61887 

408 

•5369 

.72985 

458 

.6026 

.78005 

318 

.4184 

.62l6l 

409 

•5382 

.73091 

459 

.6040 

.78100 

320 

0.4211 

9.62434 

410 

0.5395 

9-73197 

460 

0.6053 

9.78194 

322 

•4237 

.62704 

411 

.5408 

.73303 

461 

.6066 

.78289 

324 

.4263 

.62973 

412 

.5421 

.73408 

462 

.6079 

.78383 

326 

.4289 

.63240 

4i3 

•5434 

.73514 

463 

.6092 

•78477 

328 

.4316 

.63506 

414 

•5447 

.73619 

464 

.6105 

.78570 

330 

0.4342 

9.63770 

415 

0.5461 

9-73723 

i  465 

0.6118 

9.78664 

332 

.4368 

.64032 

416 

•5474 

.73828 

466 

.6132 

.78757 

334 

•4395 

.64293 

417 

.5487 

.73932 

467 

.6145 

.78850 

336 

•4421 

.64552 

418 

•55oo 

.74036 

468 

.6158 

.78943 

338 

•4447 

.648IO 

419 

.5513 

.74140 

469 

.6171 

.79036 

340 

0.4474 

9.65066 

420 

0.5526 

9.74244 

470 

0.6184 

9.79128 

342 

.4500 

.65321 

421 

.5540 

.74347 

47* 

.6197 

.79221 

344 

.4526 

.65574 

422 

•5553 

•74450 

472 

.6210 

•793*3 

346 

•4553 

.65826 

423 

•5566 

.74553 

473 

.6224 

.79405 

348 

•4579 

.66076 

424 

•5579 

.74655 

474 

.6237 

.79496 

350 

0.4605 

9.66325 

425 

0.5592 

9-74758 

475 

0.6250 

9.79588 

352 

.4632 

.66573 

426 

•5605 

.74860 

476 

.6263 

.79679 

354 

.4658 

.66819 

427 

.5618 

.74961 

477 

.6276 

•79770 

356 

.4684 

.67064 

428 

.5632 

.75063 

478 

.6289 

.79861 

358 

•4711 

.67307 

429 

•5645 

.75*64 

479 

.6303 

.79952 

360 

0.4737 

9-67549 

430 

0.5658 

9-75265 

480 

0.6316 

9.80043 

362 

•4763 

.67790 

43i 

.5671 

•75366 

481 

.6329 

.80133 

364 

.4789 

.68029 

432 

.5684 

.75467 

482 

.6342 

.80223 

366 

.4816 

.68267 

433 

•5697 

.75567 

483 

.6355 

.80313 

368 

.4842 

.68503 

434 

.5711 

.75668 

484 

.6368 

.80403 

370 

0.4868 

9.68739 

435 

0.5724 

9.75768 

485 

0.6382 

9.80493 

372 

.4895 

.68973 

I  436 

•5737 

.75867 

486 

.6395 

.80582 

374 

.4921 

.69206 

437 

•5750 

.75967 

487 

.6408 

.80672 

376 

•4947 

.69437 

438 

.5763 

.76066 

488 

.6421 

.80761 

378 

•4974 

.69668 

439 

.5776 

.76165 

489 

.6434 

.80850 

380 

0.5000 

9.69897 

440 

0.5790 

9.76264 

!  490 

0.6447 

9.80938 

382 

.5026 

.70125 

441 

.5803 

.76362 

49* 

.6461 

.81027 

384 

•5053 

.70352 

442 

.5816 

.76461 

492 

.6474 

.81115 

386 

•5079 

.70577 

443 

.5829 

.76559 

493 

.6487 

.81203 

388 

.5105 

.70802 

444 

.5842 

.76657 

|  494 

.6500 

.81291 

390 

0.5132 

9.71025 

445 

0.5855 

9-76755 

495 

0.6513 

9.81379 

392 

.5158 

.71247 

446 

.5868 

.76852 

496 

.6526 

.81467 

394 

.5184 

.71468 

447 

.5882 

•76949 

497 

.6540 

.81556 

396 

.5211 

.71688 

448 

-5895 

.77046 

498 

.6553 

.81642 

398 

•5237 

.71907 

449 

.5908 

.77143 

j  499 

.6566 

.81729 

Smithsonian  Taoles. 


226 


Table  1  00. 

WEIGHT  INGRAMS  OF  ONE  CUBIC  CENTIMETER  OF  AIR. 


Humidity  and  pressure  terms  combined  : 


d 

T 


h  _ B  —  0.378*? 

760  760 


B—  Barometric  pressure  in  mm.  ;  e—  Vapor  pressure  in  mm. 


h. 

h 

760’ 

.  h 

Ug  tSS 

h. 

h 

760* 

.  h 

Log  -  • 

760 

h. 

h 

760 

- 1 

Log  -Jr-  • 
760 

mm. 

500 

0.6579 

—  IO 

9.81816 

mm. 

550 

0.7237 

—  IO 

9.85955 

mm. 

600 

0.78Q5 

—  IO 

9.89734 

501 

.6592 

.81902 

55* 

.7250 

.86034 

601 

.7908 

.89806 

502 

.6605 

.81989 

552 

.7263 

.86112 

602 

.7921 

.89878 

503 

.6618 

.82075 

553 

.7276 

.86191 

603 

•7934 

.89950 

504 

.6632 

.82162 

554 

.7290 

.86270 

604 

•  7947 

.90022 

505 

0.6645 

9.82248 

555 

0.7303 

9.86348 

605 

0.7961 

9.90094 

506 

.6658 

.82334 

556 

.7316 

.86426 

606 

•  7974 

.90166 

507 

.6671 

.82419 

557 

.7329 

.86504 

607 

.7987 

.90238 

508 

.6684 

.82505 

558 

.7342 

.86582 

608 

.8000 

.90309 

509 

.6697 

.82590 

559 

•7355 

.86660 

609 

.8013 

.90380 

510 

0.6711 

9.82676 

560 

0.7368 

9.86737 

610 

0.8026 

9.90452 

5*i 

.6724 

.82761 

561 

.7382 

.86815 

611 

.8040 

.90523 

5*2 

.6737 

.82846 

562 

•7395 

.86892 

612 

.8053 

.90594 

5*3 

.6750 

.82930 

563 

.7408 

.86969 

613 

.8066 

.90665 

5i4 

.6763 

.83015 

564 

.7421 

.87046 

614 

.8079 

•90735 

515 

0.6776 

9.83099 

565 

0-7434 

9.87123 

615 

0.8092 

9.90806 

5*6 

.6789 

.83184 

566 

•  7447 

.87200 

616 

.8105 

.90877 

5*7 

.6803 

.83268 

567 

.7461 

.87277 

617 

.8118 

.90947 

5*8 

.6816 

.83352 

568 

•7474 

.87353 

618 

.8132 

.91017 

5*9 

.6829 

.83435 

569 

.7487 

.87430 

619 

.8145 

.91088 

520 

0.6842 

9.83519 

570 

0.7500 

9.87506 

620 

0.8158 

9.91*58 

521 

.6855 

.83602 

57i 

.7513 

.87582 

621 

.817 1 

.9T228 

522 

.6869 

.83686 

572 

.7526 

.87658 

622 

.8184 

.91298 

523 

.6882 

.83769 

573 

.7540 

.87734 

623 

.8197 

.91367 

524 

.6895 

.83852 

574 

•7553 

.87810 

624 

.8211 

•9*437 

525 

0.6908 

9.83934 

575 

0.7566 

9.87885 

625 

0.8224 

9.91507 

526 

.6921 

.84017 

576 

•  7579 

.87961 

626 

.8237 

.9*576 

527 

.6934 

.84100 

577 

•7592 

.88036 

627 

.8250 

.91645 

528 

.6947 

.84182 

578 

.7605 

.88111 

628 

.8263 

•9*7*5 

529 

.6961 

.84264 

579 

.7618 

.88186 

629 

.8276 

.91784 

530 

0.6974 

9.84346 

580 

0.7632 

9.88261 

630 

0.8289 

9-9*853 

53* 

.6987 

.84428 

581 

.7645 

.88336 

631 

.8303 

.91922 

532 

.7000 

.84510 

582 

.7658 

.88411 

632 

.8316 

.9*990 

533 

.7013 

.84591 

583 

.7671 

.88486 

633 

.8329 

.92059 

534 

.7026 

.84673 

584 

.7684 

.88560 

634 

.8342 

.92128 

535 

0.7040 

9.84754 

585 

0.7697 

9.88634 

635 

0.8355 

9.92196 

536 

.7053 

.84835 

586 

•7711 

.88708 

636 

.8368 

.92264 

537 

.7066 

.84916 

587 

.7724 

.88782 

637 

.8382 

.92332 

538 

.7079 

.84997 

588 

•  7737 

.88856 

638 

.8395 

.92401 

539 

.7092 

.85078 

589 

.7750 

.88930 

639 

.8408 

.92469 

540 

0.7105 

9.85158 

590 

0.7763 

9.89004 

640 

0.8421 

9.92537 

54i 

.7118 

.85238 

59* 

.7776 

.89077 

641 

.8434 

.92604 

542 

.7132 

.85318 

592 

.7789 

.89151 

642 

.8447 

.92672 

543 

.7145 

•85399 

593 

.7803 

.89224 

643 

.8461 

.92740 

544 

•7158 

.85478 

594 

.7816 

.89297 

644 

.8474 

.92807 

545 

0.7171 

9.85558 

595 

0.7829 

9.89370 

645 

0.8487 

9.92875 

546 

.7184 

.85638 

596 

.7842 

•89443 

646 

.8500 

.92942 

547 

.7197 

.85717 

597 

.7855 

.89516 

647 

.8513 

.93009 

548 

.7211 

.85797 

598 

.7868 

.89589 

648 

.8526 

.93076 

549 

.7224 

.85876 

599 

.7882 

.89662 

649 

.8539 

•93*43 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


227 


Table  1  00. 

WEIGHT  IN  GRAMS  OF  ONE  CUBIC  CENTIMETER  OF  AIR. 

TT  ...  ,  ,  ^  h  B  —  0.37&? 

Humidity  and  pressure  terms  combined  :  — -  =  — —  =  — — — • 
r  dQ  760  760 


B=  Barometric  pressure  in  mm.  ;  e  =  Vapor  pressure  in  mm. 


h. 

h 

760 

h 

L°9  760* 

h. 

h 

760 

Log  -Jr-* 
760 

h. 

h 

760 

■  h 

Ug7to 

mm. 

650 

0.8553 

— 10 

9.93210 

mm. 

700 

0.9211 

—  10 
9.96428 

mm. 

750 

0.9868 

—  IO 

9.99425 

651 

.8566 

.93277 

701 

.9224 

.96490 

75i 

.9882 

•99483 

652 

•8579 

•93341 

702 

.9237 

.96552 

752 

.9895 

.99540 

653 

.8592 

.93410 

703 

.9250 

.96614 

753 

.9908 

•99598 

654 

.8605 

•93476 

704 

.9263 

.96676 

754 

.9921 

.99656 

655 

0.8618 

9-93543 

705 

0.9276 

9.96738 

755 

0.9934 

9-99713 

656 

.8632 

.93609 

706 

.9289 

.96799 

756 

•9947 

.99771 

657 

.8645 

•93675 

707 

.9303 

.96860 

757 

.9961 

.99828 

658 

.8658 

•93741 

708 

.9316 

.96922 

758 

•9974 

.99886 

659 

.8671 

.93807 

709 

.9329 

.96983 

759 

.9987 

-99943 

660 

0.8684 

9-93873 

710 

0.9342 

9.97044 

760 

1. 0000 

0.00000 

661 

.8697 

•93939 

711 

•9355 

.97106 

761 

.0013 

.00057 

662 

.8711 

.94004 

712 

.9368 

.97167 

762 

.0026 

.00114 

663 

.8724 

.94070 

7i3 

.9382 

.97228 

763 

.0039 

.00171 

664 

.8737 

.94135 

7i4 

•9395 

.97288 

764 

.0053 

.00228 

665 

0.8750 

9.94201 

715 

0.9408 

9-97349 

765 

1.0066 

0.00285 

666 

.8763 

.94266 

716 

.9421 

.97410 

766 

.0079 

.00342 

667 

.8776 

•94331 

717 

•9434 

•97470 

767 

.0092 

.00398 

668 

.8790 

.94396 

718 

•9447 

•97531 

768 

.0105 

.00455 

669 

.8803 

.94461 

719 

.9461 

.97592 

769 

.0118 

.00511 

670 

0.8816 

9.94526 

720 

0.9474 

9.97652 

770 

1. 0132 

0.00568 

671 

.8829 

.94591 

721 

.9487 

.97712 

771 

.0145 

.00624 

672 

.8842 

.94656 

722 

.9500 

.97772 

772 

.0158 

.00680 

673 

.8855 

.94720 

723 

.9513 

.97832 

773 

.0171 

.00736 

674 

.8869 

.94785 

724 

.9526 

.97892 

774 

.0184 

.00793 

675 

0.8882 

9.94849 

725 

0-9539 

9-97952 

775 

1.0197 

0.00849 

676 

.8895 

.94913 

726 

•9553 

.98012 

776 

.0211 

.00905 

677 

.8908 

.94978 

;  727 

.9566 

. 98072 

777 

.0224 

.00961 

678 

.8921 

.95042 

j  728 

•9579 

.98132 

778 

.0237 

.01017 

679 

.8934 

.95106 

i  729 

.9592 

.98191 

779 

.0250 

.01072 

680 

0.8947 

9.95170 

730 

0.9605 

9.98250 

780 

1 .0263 

0.01128 

681 

.8960 

.95233 

73i 

.9618 

.98310 

781 

.0276 

.01184 

682 

.8974 

.95297 

732 

.9632 

.98370 

782 

.0289 

.01239 

683 

.8987 

.95361 

733 

.9645 

.98429 

783 

.0303 

.01295 

684 

.9000 

.95424 

734 

.9658 

.98488 

784 

.0316 

.01350 

685 

0.9013 

9.95488 

735 

0.9671 

9-98547 

785 

1.0329 

0.01406 

686 

.9026 

.95551 

736 

.9684 

.98606 

786 

.0342 

.01461 

687 

•9039 

•95614 

737 

•9697 

.98665 

787 

.0355 

.01516 

688 

.9053 

.95677 

i  738 

.9711 

.98724 

788 

.0368 

.01571 

689 

.9066 

.95740 

739 

.9724 

.98783 

789 

.0382 

.01626 

690 

0.9079 

9.95804 

740 

0.9737 

9.98842 

790 

1.0395 

0.01681 

691 

.9092 

.95866 

;  741 

•9750 

.98900 

791 

.0408 

.01736 

692 

•9105 

.95929 

742 

.9763 

.98959 

792 

.0421 

.01791 

693 

.9118 

.95992 

743 

•9776 

.99018 

793 

•0434 

.01846 

694 

.9132 

.96054 

744 

•9789 

.99076 

794 

.0447 

.01901 

695 

0.9145 

9.96117 

745 

0.9803 

9-99I34 

795 

1.0461 

0.01955 

696 

.9158 

.96180 

746 

.9816 

.99192 

796 

.0474 

.02010 

697 

.9171 

.96242 

I  747 

.9829 

.99251 

797 

.0487 

.02064 

698 

.9184 

.96304 

748 

.9842 

•99309 

798 

.0500 

.02119 

699 

•9T97 

.96366 

749 

.9855 

•99367 

799 

.0513 

.02173 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


228 


Table  1  01 

ATMOSPHERIC  WATER-VAPOR  LINES  IN  THE  VISIBLE  SPECTRUM. 


Wave  lengths 
in  Angstroms. 

Num¬ 
ber  of 
lines. 

Inten¬ 

sity. 

5292  3-5296.0 . 

4? 

00 

5861.8-5870.0 . 

7 

CO 

5870.864 . 

1 

5871-3-58760  . 

8 

CO 

5876.338 . 

1 

5876.6-5879.4  . 

4 

00 

5879.820 . 

1 

5879  945 . 

1 

5880.7-5881.0  . 

2 

0 

5881.147 . 

1 

5881.320 . 

0 

5882.084  . 

5882.2-5883  2 . 

3 

1 

0 

5884  120 . 

58S4. 4-5885. 8  . 

3 

5 

00 

5886. 193 . 

5 

5886.560  . 

1 

5886.6-5886.9  . 

2 

0 

5887.445 . 

5 

5887.880  . 

3 

5888.056 . 

00 

5888  920 . 

5889.303 . 

58S9  855 . 

5890.100  _ 

2 

co 

3 

2 

5890.4-5890.9 . 

2 

00 

5891  398  . 

5891.720 . 

1 

0 

5891  878 . 

4 

5892.608  . 

5893.268  . 

3 

0 

5893-725  . 

1 

5894.6-5896.6 . 

5 

0 

5896  7ro . 

5897.047 .... 

1 

2 

5897-3-5898.2  . 

4 

00 

5898.378 . 

4 

5898.6-5899.0  . 

2 

00 

5899  215  . 

5899.752 - 

2 

00 

59°°  J35 . 

5900.260 . 

2 

4 

5900  6-5901.5 . 

3 

CQ 

5901.682 . 

5902.238  . 

5902.363 

6 

000 

5903  035 . 

59°3  748 . 

000 

I 

59°3-9-59°'-7 . 

13 

00 

5908  070  ... 

I 

5908.425 . 

I 

5909- 2 13 . 

5909  668 . 

3 

00 

59io-398  . 

59IO-5-59IO-9  . 

3 

1 

00 

5910.987 . 

5911.1-5912.9 . 

7 

2 

00 

59r3-2i2  . 

3 

59r4  430 . 

6 

Wave  lengths 
in  Angstroms. 

Num¬ 
ber  of 
lineQ. 

Inten- 
,  sity. 

5915. 146 . 

1 

5915  650 . 

1 

5915  840.  # . 

1 

5916.0-5918.2.  . . . 

'**6 

00 

5918.635 . 

4 

59I9-I75 . 

000. 

5919  276 . 

5 

5919.860 . 

7 

5920  395 . 

00 

5920.776 . 

1 

5921.3-5922.6 . 

3 

0 

5922.735 . 

2 

5922.9-5923.4 . 

2 

0 

5923-865 . 

1 

5924.040 . 

2 

5924.490 . 

4 

5924.975 . 

coo 

5925.220  . 

2 

5926  835 . 

COO 

5928  510 . 

2 

5929.0-5931.2. .  . . 

5 

OO 

5932-306 . 

5 

5932  998 . 

2 

5933- 2-594o.  2 . 

14 

000 

5940.640 . 

1 

5941.091 . 

00 

5941-290 . 

5 

594i.47o . 

000 

5941845 .  .... 

2 

5942.5oo . 

oco 

5942.635 . 

I 

5942  789 . 

3 

5944.530. . 

1 

5944  945 . 

1 

5945-4-59^5  5 . 

2 

00 

5945-865 . 

1 

5946-223 .  . 

3 

5946.864 . 

000 

5947  062 . . 

1 

5947-2B3 . 

2 

5947-6-5949-2 . 

4 

OOO 

5949-390 . 

2 

5949-8-5954-6 . 

11 

OO 

5955- 1 70 . 

I 

5956.0-5956.6 . 

4 

OOO 

5958  09S . 

I 

5058.460 . 

I 

5961.6-5966  6 - 

5 

OO 

5966.885 . 

I 

5967540 . 

OO 

5968.058 . 

2 

5968.280 . 

000 

5968.495 . 

2 

5969.2-5970.9 . 

3 

OO 

5971  557 . 

I 

5975  330.  . 

I 

5976.694 . 

OO 

5977-252 . 

I 

5977.6-6479.7 . 

73 

OOO 

229 


Table  101. 

ATMOSPHERIC  WATER-VAPOR  LINES  IN  THE  VISIBLE  SPECTRUM. 


Wave  lengths 
in  Angstroms. 

Num¬ 
ber  of 
lines. 

Inten¬ 

sity. 

6480.285. . . . 

1 

6480.4-6483.3  . 

4 

0000 

6483.468 . 

1 

6483.6-6490  9 . 

11 

000 

6491  or5 . 

1 

6493-!-6493  5 . -  -  -  • 

2 

00 

6-194-725 . 

1 

6496  082 . 

2 

6497.8-6514.5 . 

7 

00 

6514-956 . 

2 

6516  080  . 

000 

6516.750 . 

1 

6516.855 . 

2 

65I7-3-65I9-4  . 

3 

00 

6519.682 . 

1 

6522.1-6523.9 . 

4 

ooco 

6524.080 . 

I 

6526.0-6530  8 . 

2 

000 

6532  595 . 

I 

6534- 1 72 . 

2 

6534.8-6542.6  . 

3 

OOO  1 

6544.140 . 

2 

6546.0-6547.9 . 

2 

OO 

6548855 . 

I 

6552  865 . 

I 

6554025 . 

OO? 

6556.308 . 

I 

6557-4-6558  4 . 

2 

O 

6560  800 . 

I? 

6563-7-6569.0 . 

4 

OO 

6572.330 . 

I 

6575-085  . 

I 

6580.4-6929.6 . 

11 

OOO 

6934.075  . 

2 

6937  957 . 

2 

6938.520 . 

I 

6939875  . 

2 

|  6940.436 . 

. 1 

2 

Wave  lengths 
in  Angstroms. 

Num¬ 
ber  of 
lines. 

Inten¬ 

sity. 

6941.260. . 

000 

1 

2 

1 

3 

5 

00 

1 

1 

1 

1 

00 

4 

1 

3 

4 

1 

0 

3 

1 

0 

3 

0 

3 

1 

2 

o 

2 

0 

2 

0 

2 

1 

3 

2 

0 

2 

694I-475 . 

6942.402 . 

6942.630 . 

6944.060 . 

• . 

6947.782 . 

6947.863 . 

6949.240 . 

6qiq  310 . 

6951  010 . 

6953.828 . 

6954.0-6955.9 . 

69^6.660 1 . 

2 

6956.746  / . 

6ckq.  70  A . 

'-'yoy'  /  . 

6961.515 . 

6964.812 . 

6q7T.  i^ . 

6977.715 . 

6981 .722 . 

6985.220 . 

6986.833 . 

6988  125. . 

6989.237 . 

6990.632 . 

6993.776 . 

. 

6994.360 . 

6998.978.. . . . 

6999.223 . 

7004.575 . 

7004.995 . 

7005.3-7010  1 . 

2 

70II.590 . 

7016.330 . 

7016.675 . 

7023.770 . 

7027.2I3 . 

7027.740. . . 

Table  102. 

ATMOSPHERIC  WATER-VAPOR  BANDS  IN  THE  INFRA-RED  SPECTRUM. 


Name  of  band. 

Wave¬ 

lengths. 

Transmis¬ 
sion  coef¬ 
ficient  a. 

a  . 

P 

0.718 

0.91 

0.814 

0  92 

0  896 
0-933 

O  QO 

P . 

y 

0.63 

<r . 

0-945 

O  69 

T . . 

0.974 

091 

*1 . 

1 . 1 19 

0.54 

*2 . 

1  134 

0 . 60 

1 . 172 

O  92 

In  ^ . 

i -331 

O  74 

In  * . 

i-45t 

1.469 

O.36 

0-55 

*1 . 

The  infra-red  bands  may  perhaps  be  composed 
of  numerous  fine  lines  which  the  bolographic 
apparatus  does  not  separately  distinguish. 

Wide  bands  of  very  great  atmospheric  water- 
vapor  absorption  are  found  in  the  infra-red 
spectrum  as  follows  : 

Name. 

Wave  lengths. 

Absorption  at 
Washington. 

p<T  T . 

P  P 

0.926-0.978 
1.095-1.165 

1.319-1.498 

1.762-1.977 

2.520-2.S45 

0.3  too. 5 

0 . 5  to  0 . 8 

0  7  to  1 . 0 

0 . 9  to  1 . 0 

1  °{Pco!y} 

<t> . 

*  . 

. 

X . 

See  Vol.  I,  Annals  Astrophysical  Observatory ,  Smith¬ 
sonian  Institution. 


Smjthsonian  Tables. 


230 


Table  103. 

TRANSMISSION  PERCENTAGES  OF  RADIATION  THROUGH  MOIST  AIR. 


Range  of 
Wave-lengths. 

PRECIPITABLE  WATER  IN  CENTIMETERS. 

F 

F 

.001 

.003 

.006 

.01 

.03 

.06 

.10 

.25 

.50 

1  .0 

2.0 

6.0 

10.0 

0-75 

to  1.0 

100 

99 

99 

98 

97 

95 

93 

90 

83 

7* 

1.0 

1.25 

99 

99 

98 

97 

95 

92 

89 

85 

74 

69 

1.25 

i-5 

96 

92 

84 

80 

66 

57 

5i 

44 

3i 

28 

i-5 

2.0 

98 

97 

94 

88 

79 

73 

70 

66 

60 

57 

*  2. 

3- 

96 

92 

*7 

84 

77 

70 

64 

3* 

4- 

95 

88 

84 

78 

72 

66 

63 

*  4- 

5- 

92 

83 

76 

7i 

65 

60 

53 

5- 

6. 

95 

82 

75 

68 

5b 

5i 

47 

35 

6. 

7- 

54 

50 

3i 

24 

8 

4 

3 

2 

0 

0 

0 

0 

7* 

8. 

94 

84 

76 

68 

57 

46 

35 

16 

10 

2 

0 

0 

0 

8. 

9* 

100 

100 

100 

99 

98 

96 

94 

65 

t  9- 

10. 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

fio. 

11. 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

11. 

12. 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

99 

98 

96 

95 

93 

12. 

13- 

100 

100 

100 

100 

99 

99 

97 

86 

82 

*13. 

14. 

100 

100 

100 

99 

97 

94 

90 

80 

60 

*14. 

15- 

96 

93 

80 

75 

50 

15 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

*15. 

16. 

70 

55 

40 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

16. 

17- 

50 

20 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

i7- 

18. 

25 

10 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

18. 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

*  These  places  require  multiplication  by  the  following  factors  to  allow  for  losses  in  C02  gas. 

Under  aver- 

age  sea-level  outdoor  conditions  the  C02  (partial  pressure  = 

=  0.0003  atmos.)  amounts  to  about  0.6  grams 

per  cu.m.  Paschen  gives  3  times  as  much  for  indoor  conditions. 

2/A  to 

3/A,  for  2 

grams  in  m 2  path  (95) ;  for  140  grams  in 

ra2  path  (93); 

4  “ 

5  ,  “  “ 

44 

“  44 

“  (93); 

44  * 

4  44 

4  “ 

(70); 

more  C02  no  further  effect; 

13  “ 

14  ,  slight  allowance  to  be  made; 

14  “ 

15  ,  80  grams  in  m 2  path  reduces  energy  to  zero; 

IS  “ 

16  ,  “ 

4  “ 

“  44 

44 

11 

44 

44  # 

t  These  places  require 

multiplication  by  0.90  and  0 . 70 

respectively  for  one  air  mass  and  0 . 85  and 

0.65  for  two  air  masses  to  allow  for  ozone  absorption  when  the  radiation  comes  from  a  celestial  body. 

F.  Paschen  gives  ( Annaien  d.  Physik.  u.  Chemie,  51,  p.  14, 1894)  the  absorption  of  the  radiation 
from  a  blackened  strip  at  500°  C.  by  a  layer  33  centimeters  thick  of  water  vapor  at  ioo°  C.  and 
atmospheric  pressure  as  follows: 


Wave  length . 

/A  /A 

2.20-3.10 

/A  /A 

5-33-7-67 

/A  /A 

7.67-10  (  ?  ) 

Percentage  absorption.  .  . 

80 

94 

94-13 

The  following  table,  due  to  Rubens  and  Aschkinass  ( Annaien  d.  Physik  u.  Chemie ,  64,  p.  598, 
1898),  gives  the  absorption  of  radiation  from  a  zircon  burner  by  a  layer  75  centimeters  thick  of 
water  vapor  saturated  at  ioo°  C.  This  amount  of  vapor  is  about  equivalent  to  a  layer  of  water 
0.45  millimeter  thick  or  to  1.5%  of  the  water  in  a  total  vertical  atmospheric  column  whose  dew¬ 
point  at  sea-level  is  io°  C.  The  region  of  spectrum  examined  includes  most  of  the  region  of  terres¬ 
trial  radiation. 


/* 

/A  /A 

/A 

/* 

Wave  length . 

7.0 

8. 0 

9.0-12.0 

12.4 

12. 8 

13-4 

14-  0 

Percentage  absorption.  . . 

75 

40 

6 

20 

13 

28 

22 

/* 

v 

Wave  length . 

14-3 

150 

15-7 

l6.  O 

17-5 

18.3 

20.  O 

Percentage  absorption.  .  . 

43 

35 

65 

52 

88 

80 

IOO 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


231 


Table  104. 


INTERNATIONAL  METEOROLOGICAL  SYMBOLS. 


The  International  Meteorological  Symbols  were  adopted  at  the  Vienna  meteorological  con¬ 
gress  of  1873.  A  few  additions  and  modifications  have  been  made  at  subsequent  international 
meteorological  meetings.  The  forms  of  these  symbols  are  more  or  less  flexible.  Those  shown  in 
the  accompanying  table  are  the  forms  which  have  generally  been  used  in  the  United  States,  and 
with  two  exceptions  (“  wet  fog  ”  and  “zodiacal  light”)  are  identical  with  those  used  by  the  Prus¬ 
sian  Meteorological  Institute  and  given  in  the  German  editions  of  the  International  Meteoro¬ 
logical  Codex.  The  principal  variants  found  in  the  meteorological  publications  of  the  different 
countries  are  given  in  the  Monthly  Weather  Review  (Wash.,  D.C.),  May,  1916,  p.  268. 

Exponents.  —  An  exponent  added  to  a  symbol  indicates  the  degree  of  intensity,  ranging 
from  0  weak  (light,  etc.)  to  2  strong  (heavy,  etc.).  Thus,  #°,  light  rain;  ©2,  heavy  rain. 
German  and  French  observers  use  the  exponent  1  to  denote  medium  intensity,  in  accordance 
with  the  German  and  French  versions  of  the  report  of  the  Vienna  congress,  and  the  German 
editions  of  the  Codex.  The  English  version  of  the  above-mentioned  report  and  the  English 
edition  of  the  Codex  provide  for  the  use  of  only  two  exponents,  0  and  2;  hence  in  English- 
speaking  countries  the  omission  of  the  exponent  indicates  medium  intensity. 

Time  of  occurrence. — When  hours  of  occurrence  are  added  to  symbols,  the  abbrevia¬ 
tion  a  is  used  for  a.m.,  and  p  for  p.m.  Thus,  •  10a  —  4p  denotes  “rain  from  10  a.m.  to 
4  p.m.”  12a  =  noon;  12 p  =  midnight.  The  abbreviation  n  means  “during  night.”  Stations 
taking  tri-daily  observations  may  use  a  to  mean  between  the  first  and  second  observation; 
p,  between  the  second  and  third;  and  n,  between  the  third  and  the  first. 

For  further  information  concerning  the  International  Symbols  and  other  meteorological 
symbols,  see  “Meteorological  Symbols,”  by  C.  Fitzhugh  Talman,  Monthly  Weather  Review 
(Wash.,  D.C.),  May,  1916,  pp.  265-274. 


SMITHSONIAN  TABLES. 


232 


Table  1  04. 

INTERNATIONAL  METEOROLOGICAL  SYMBOLS. 


Symbol. 

Meaning. 

Remarks. 

* 

Rain. 

* 

Snow. 

Thunderstorm. 

Thunder  and  lightning. 

T 

Thunder. 

Without  lightning. 

< 

Lightning. 

Without  thunder;  “heat-lightning.” 

▲ 

Hail.* 

zx 

Graupel. 

Sometimes  called  “  soft  hail.”  French,  gresil.  Resembles 
little  snow-pellets. 

ss 

Fog. 

— 

Ground  fog. 

Not  exceeding  the  height  of  a  man. 

=; 

Wet  fog. 

One  which  wets  exposed  surfaces. 

1 - 1 

Hoarfrost. 

Dew. 

V 

Rime. 

A  rough  frost  deposit  from  fog. 

CO 

Glaze;  Glazed  frost.f 

Ice  coating  due  to  rain,  “ice-storm.”  In  America  often 
called  “sleet.” 

-4> 

Driving  snow. 

Ger.,  Schneegestober ;  Fr.,  bourrasque  de  neige. 

* 

Ice-crystals. 

Ice-needles  sometimes  seen  floating  or  slowly  falling  in  the 
air  in  clear,  cold  weather. 

H 

Snow  on  ground. 

Ground  near  station  more  than  half  covered. 

— 1 AU 

Gale. 

Wind  of  force  8-12,  Beaufort  scale.  (Rept.  Int.  Met’l  Comm., 
Berlin,  1910,  English  ed.,  p.  17.)  Formerly  used  for 
“strong  wind.”  A  3-barbed  arrow  is  introduced  in  the 
2d  German  ed.  of  the  Int.  Met’l  Codex  to  denote  “strong 
wind,”  but  no  authority  is  cited.  According  to  the  Ob¬ 
server’s  Handbook  of  the  British  Met’l  Office  “the 
number  of  barbs  on  the  arrow  may  conveniently  be 
made  to  represent  the  strongest  wind  force  noted,”  but 
there  is  no  international  sanction  for  such  variants. 

O 

Sunshine. 

In  German  edition  of  Int.  Met’l  Codex,  but  has  never 
been  definitely  recognized  by  the  international  organi¬ 
zation.  (See  Rept.  Int.  Met’l  Comm.,  Southport,  1903, 
Engl,  ed.,  p.  19  and  101.)  Widely  used  in  German  and 

© 

Solar  halo. 

Austrian  publications. 

Q 

Solar  corona. 

07 

Lunar  halo. 

U7 

Lunar  corona. 

O 

Rainbow. 

v"X/ 

Aurora. 

Si 

Zodiacal  light. 

03 

Haze. 

Due  to  fine  dust,  or  to  the  disturbance  of  atmospheric 
transparency  by  air-currents  of  different  densities 
(“optical  turbidity”),  and  not  to  water-drops.  In  prac¬ 
tice,  this  is  often  difficult  to  distinguish  from  light  fog 
(=°),  or  “mist”  of  British  observers.  Prussian  and 
Austrian  observers  underscore  this  symbol  (92)  to  de¬ 
note  a  definitely  smoky  atmosphere  (“Moorrauch”). 

*  True  hail,  which  occurs  chiefly  with  summer  thunderstorms,  should  be  distinguished  from  the  snowy 

pellets,  like  miniature  snowballs,  known  as  graupel,  or  soft  hail  (A):  also  from  the  small  particles  of  clear 
ice,  called  sleet  by  the  U.S.  Weather  Bureau,  for  which  there  is  no  international  symbol.  On  the  history  of 

the  word  sleet  see  Monthly  Weather  Review,  May,  1916,  pp.  281-286. 

t  Glaze  is  the  official  term  in  the  United  States;  glazed  frost  in  Great  Britain. 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


233 


Table  105. 

INTERNATIONAL  CLOUD  CLASSIFICATION. 


The  International  Conference  of  Meteorologists  held  at  Munich  in  1891  recommended  the 
following  classification  of  clouds,  elaborated  by  Messrs.  Abercromby  and  Hildebrandsson : 

a.  Detached  clouds  with  rounded  upper  outlines  (most  frequent  in  dry  weather). 

b.  Clouds  of  great  horizontal  extent  suggesting  a  layer  or  sheet  (wet  weather). 

A.  Upper  Clouds,  average  altitude  9000™. 

a.  1.  Cirrus. 

b.  2.  Cirro-stratus. 

B.  Intermediate  Clouds,  between  3000™  and  7000”*. 

(3.  Cirro-cumulus. 

'  1  4.  Alto-cumulus. 

b.  5.  Alto-stratus. 

C.  Lower  Clouds,  below  2000™. 

a.  6.  Strato-cumulus. 

b.  7.  Nimbus. 

D.  Clouds  of  diurnal  ascending  currents. 

a.  8.  Cumulus;  top  i8oom;  base  1400™. 

b.  g.  Cumulo-nimbus ;  top  3000™  to  8ooom;  base  1 4007*. 

E.  High  Fogs,  under  iooo”*. 

10.  Stratus. 

DEFINITIONS  AND  DESCRIPTIONS  OF  CLOUD  FORMS. 

1.  Cirrus  (Ci.).  — Detached  clouds  of  delicate  and  fibrous  appearance,  often  showing  a  feather¬ 
like  structure,  generally  of  a  whitish  color.  Cirrus  clouds  take  the  most  varied  shapes,  such  as 
isolated  tufts,  thin  filaments  on  a  blue  sky,  threads  spreading  out  in  the  form  of  feathers, 
curved  filaments  ending  in  tufts,  sometimes  called  Cirrus  uncinus,  etc.;  they  are  sometimes 
arranged  in  parallel  belts  which  cross  a  portion  of  the  sky  in  a  great  circle,  and  by  an  effect  of 
perspective  appear  to  converge  towards  a  point  on  the  horizon,  or,  if  sufficiently  extended, 
towards  the  opposite  point  also.  (Ci.-St.  and  Ci.-Cu.,  etc.,  are  also  sometimes  arranged  in 
similar  bands.) 

2.  Cirro-stratus  (Ci.-St.).  — A  thin,  whitish  sheet  of  clouds  sometimes  covering  the  sky 
completely  and  giving  it  only  a  milky  appearance  (it  is  then  called  Cirro-nebula ) ,  at  other 
times  presenting,  more  or  less  distinctly,  a  formation  like  a  tangled  web.  This  sheet  often 
produces  halos  around  the  Sun  and  Moon. 

3.  Cirro-cumulus  (Ci.-Cu.).  Mackerel  sky. — Small  globidar  masses  or  white  flakes 
without  shadows,  or  showing  very  slight  shadows,  arranged  in  groups  and  often  in  lines. 

4.  Alto-stratus  (A. -St.).  — A  thick  sheet  of  a  gray  or  bluish  color,  sometimes  forming  a 
compact  mass  of  dark  gray  color  and  fibrous  structure.  At  other  times  the  sheet  is  thin, 
resembling  thick  Ci.-St.,  and  through  it  the  Sun  or  the  Moon  may  be  seen  dimly  gleaming  as 
through  ground  glass.  This  form  exhibits  all  changes  peculiar  to  Ci.-St.,  but  from  measure¬ 
ments  its  average  altitude  is  found  to  be  about  one  half  that  of  Ci.-St. 

5.  Alto-cumulus  (A.-Cu.).  —  Largish  globular  masses,  white  or  grayish,  partially  shaded, 
arranged  in  groups  or  lines,  and  often  so  closely  packed  that  their  edges  appear  confused.  The 
detached  masses  are  generally  larger  and  more  compact  (resembling  St.-Cu.)  at  the  center 
of  the  group,  but  the  thickness  of  the  layer  varies.  At  times  the  masses  spread  themselves 
out  and  assume  the  appearance  of  small  waves  or  thin  slightly  curved  plates.  At  the  margin 
they  form  into  finer  flakes  (resembling  Ci.-Cu.).  They  often  spread  themselves  out  in  lines 
in  one  or  two  directions. 

6.  Strato-cumulus  (St.-Cu.).  —  Large  globular  masses  or  rolls  of  dark  clouds  often  covering 
the  whole  sky ,  especially  in  winter.  Generally  St.-Cu.  presents  the  appearance  of  a  gray  layer 
irregularly  broken  up  into  masses  of  which  the  edge  is  often  formed  of  smaller  masses,  often 
of  wavy  appearance  resembling  A.-Cu.  Sometimes  this  cloud-form  presents  the  character¬ 
istic  appearance  of  great  rolls  arranged  in  parallel  lines  and  pressed  close  up  against  one 
another.  In  their  centers  these  rolls  are  of  a  dark  color.  Blue  sky  may  be  seen  through  the 
intervening  spaces  which  are  of  a  much  lighter  color.  (Roll-cumulus  in  England,  Wulst- 
cumulus  in  Germany.)  St.-Cu.  clouds  may  be  distinguished  from  Nb.  by  their  globular  or 
rolled  appearance,  and  by  the  fact  that  they  are  not  generally  associated  with  rain. 

7.  Nimbus  (Nb.),  Rain  Clouds.  — A  thick  layer  of  dark  clouds,  without  shape  and  with 
ragged  edges,  from  which  steady  rain  or  snow  usually  falls.  Through  the  openings  in  these 
clouds  an  upper  layer  of  Ci.-St.  or  A.-St.  may  be  seen  almost  invariably.  If  a  layer  of  Nb. 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


234 


INTERNATIONAL  CLOUD  CLASSIFICATION. 


Table  1  05. 


separates  up  in  a  strong  wind  into  shreds,  or  if  small  loose  clouds  are  visible  floating  under¬ 
neath  a  large  Nb.,  the  cloud  may  be  described  as  Fracto-nimbus  (Fr.-Nb.)  (“  Scud  ”  of  sailors). 

8.  Cumulus  (Cu.),  Wool  pack  Clouds.  —  Thick  clouds  of  which  the  upper  surface  is 
dome-shaped  and  exhibits  protuberances  while  the  base  is  horizontal.  These  clouds  appear  to  be 
formed  by  a  diurnal  ascensional  movement  which  is  almost  always  noticeable.  When  the 
cloud  is  opposite  the  Sun,  the  surfaces  facing  the  observer  have  a  greater  brilliance  than  the 
margins  of  the  protuberances.  When  the  light  falls  aslant,  as  is  usually  the  case,  these  clouds 
throw  deep  shadows;  when,  on  the  contrary,  the  clouds  are  on  the  same  side  of  the  observer 
as  the  Sun,  they  appear  dark  with  bright  edges. 

True  cumulus  has  well  defined  upper  and  lower  limits,  but  in  strong  winds  a  broken  cloud 
resembling  Cumulus  is  often  seen  in  which  the  detached  portions  undergo  continual  change. 
This  form  may  be  distinguished  by  the  name  Fracto-cumulus  (Fr.-Cu.). 

g.  Cumulo-nimbus  (Cu.-Nb.),  The  Thunder-Cloud;  Shower-Cloud. —  Heavy  masses 
of  cloud  rising  in  the  form  of  mountains ,  turrets  or  anvils ,  generally  surmounted  by  a  sheet  or  screen 
of  fibrous  appearance  ( false  Cirrus)  and  having  at  its  base  a  mass  of  cloud  similar  to  nimbus. 
From  the  base  local  showers  of  rain  or  snow  (occasionally  of  hail  or  soft  hail)  usually  fall. 
Sometimes  the  upper  edges  assume  the  compact  form  of  cumulus,  and  form  massive  peaks 
round  which  delicate  “  false  Cirrus  ”  floats.  At  other  times  the  edges  themselves  separate 
into  a  fringe  of  filaments  similar  to  Cirrus  clouds.  This  last  form  is  particularly  common  in 
spring  showers. 

The  front  of  thunder-clouds  of  wide  extent  frequently  presents  the  form  of  a  large  arc 
spread  over  a  portion  of  a  uniformly  brighter  sky. 

io.  Stratus  (St.).  —  A  uniform  layer  of  cloud  resembling  a  fog  but  not  resting  on  the  ground. 
When  this  sheet  is  broken  up  into  irregular  shreds  in  a  wind,  or  by  the  summits  of  mountains, 
it  may  be  distinguished  by  the  name  Fracto-stratus  (Fr.-St.). 

During  summer  all  low  clouds  tend  to  assume  forms  resembling  Cumulus,  and  may  be  de¬ 
scribed  accordingly  as  Stratus  cumuliformis,  Nimbus  cumuliformis,  etc. 

The  term  Mammato-cumulus  is  applied  to  a  cloud  having  a  mammillated  lower  surface, 
occurring  especially  in  connection  with  severe  local  storms. 

The  ovoid  form,  with  sharp  edges,  assumed  by  certain  clouds,  particularly  during  the  oc¬ 
currence  of  sirocco,  mistral  or  foehn,  is  indicated  by  the  adjective  lenticularis,  e.g.,  Cumulus 
lenticularis  (Cu.  lent.),  Stratus  lenticularis  (St.  lent.).  Such  clouds  frequently  show  iridescence. 

For  pictures  of  typical  cloud  forms  see  “International  Cloud  Atlas,”  2d  ed.,  Paris,  1910; 
also  U.S.  Weather  Bureau,  “Classification  of  Clouds  for  the  Guidance  of  Observers,”  Wash¬ 
ington,  D.C.,  1911,  and  Gt.  Britain,  Meteorological  Office,  “Observer’s  Handbook,”  London 
(annual). 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


23s 


Table  106. 


BEAUFORT  WEATHER  NOTATION. 


Especially  intended  for  the  use  of  mariners,  but  sometimes  used  at  land  stations.  The 
original  notation  was  devised  in  1805  by  Admiral  Sir  F.  Beaufort;  it  has  since  been  slightly 
altered  and  amplified  by  British  and  American  meteorologists.  The  following  symbols  are 
used  by  the  marine  observers  of  the  U.S.  Weather  Bureau:  — 

Upper  Atmosphere: 

b.  —  Blue  sky. 

c.  —  Cloudy  sky. 

0.  —  Overcast  sky. 

Lower  Atmosphere: 

v.  —  Visibility  (exceptionally  clear). 
z.  —  Haze. 
m.  —  Mist. 

/.  —  Fog. 

Precipitation : 

d.  —  Drizzling. 

p.  —  Passing  showers. 

r.  —  Rain. 

s.  —  Snow. 
h.  —  Hail. 

Electric  phenomena: 
l.  —  Lightning. 

t.  —  Thunder. 

Wind: 

q.  Squally. 

The  British  Meteorological  Office  also  uses  the  following:  — 

e.  —  Wet  air  without  rain, 
g.  —  Gloom. 

u.  —  Ugly  or  threatening  appearance  of  the  weather. 
w.  —  Dew. 

“The  letters  b ,  c,  0  are  intended  to  refer  only  to  the  amount  of  cloud  visible,  and  not  to 
its  density,  form  or  other  quality.  They  have  gradually  come  to  be  regarded  as  correspond¬ 
ing  to  the  following  cloud  amounts  in  the  scale  0-10:  b  =  o  to  3;  be  or  cb  =  4  to  6;  c  =  7  or  8; 
0  =  9  or  10.”  —  Marine  Observer’s  Handbook,  Lond.,  1915,  p.  82. 

U.S.  Weather  Bureau  Observers  use  a  line  (light  or  heavy)  under  the  symbol,  British 
observers  a  dot  or  two  dots,  to  indicate  great  intensity.  Thus,  U.S.,  heavy  rain,  r,  very  heavy 
rain.  British,  r,  heavy  rain;  r,  very  heavy  rain. 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


236 


Table  1  07 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 

Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “  Reseau  Mondial  ”  of  the  British  Meteorological 
Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


Longitude 

NORTH  AMERICA. 

Latitude. 

from 

Greenwich. 

Height. 

GREENLAND. 

Feet. 

m. 

*Angmagsalik . 

65° 

'  37'N. 

37c 

5  34' w. 

104 

32 

*Godthaab . 

64 

11 

5i 

44 

30 

9 

Ivigtut . 

61 

12 

48 

10 

16 

c 

*Jacobshavn . 

69 

13 

5i 

2 

41 

0 

13 

*North  Star  Bay . 

76 

30 

68 

55 

2 

6 

*Upernivik . 

72 

47 

56 

7 

44 

19 

ICELAND. 

*Beruf  jord . 

64 

40  N. 

14 

19  w. 

59 

18 

*Grimsey  (Akureyi) . 

66 

33 

17 

58 

22 

7 

*Stykkisholm . 

65 

5 

22 

46 

37 

11 

*Vestmanno . 

63 

26 

20 

i5 

23 

8 

FARO  ISLANDS. 

*Thorshavn . 

62 

2  N. 

6 

45  W. 

30 

26 

ALASKA. 

*Dutch  Harbor . 

53 

54  N. 

166 

32  W. 

13 

4 

*Eagle . 

64 

46 

141 

12 

814 

248 

Juneau . 

58 

18 

134 

24 

80 

24 

*Nome . 

64 

30 

165 

24 

23 

7 

*Sitka . 

57 

4 

135 

20 

88 

27 

*Tanana . 

65 

12 

152 

00 

? 

*  Valdez . 

61 

6 

146 

13 

10 

3 

CANADA. 

Banff . 

5i 

10  N. 

115 

34  W. 

4521 

1378 

*Barkerville . 

53 

2 

121 

35 

4180 

1274 

*Belle  Isle . 

5i 

55 

55 

20 

436 

133 

*Berens  River . 

52 

18 

97 

23 

709 

216 

*Calgary . 

5i 

2 

1 14 

2 

3389 

10  33 

*Carcross . 

60 

11 

134 

34 

2172 

662 

*Davis  Inlet . 

55 

50 

60 

50 

? 

*Dawson . 

64 

4 

139 

20 

1053 

321 

Father  Point . 

48 

3i 

68 

19 

20 

6 

*Fort  Chippewyan . 

58 

42 

hi 

10 

7i5 

218 

*Fort  Hope . 

5i 

32 

87 

48 

? 

*Fort  Resolution . 

61 

00 

113 

00 

787 

240 

*Fort  Simpson . 

61 

52 

120 

43 

423 

129 

Fredericton . 

45 

57 

66 

36 

164 

5o 

Halifax . 

44 

39 

63 

36 

88 

29 

*Hay  River . 

60 

5i 

115 

20 

525 

161 

*Kamloops . . . 

50 

4i 

120 

29 

1243 

379 

Kingston . 

44 

13 

76 

29 

285 

87 

*Macleod . 

49 

44 

113 

24 

3130 

954 

*Minnedosa . 

50 

15 

99 

50 

1699 

5i8 

Montreal . 

45 

30 

73 

35 

187 

57 

*Moose  Factory . 

5i 

16 

80 

56 

30 

9 

*Nain . 

56 

33 

61 

4i 

13 

4 

Parry  Sound . 

45 

19 

80 

00 

635 

J93 

*Point  Riche . 

50 

42 

57 

25 

36 

11 

*Prince  Albert . 

53 

10 

106 

00 

1430 

436 

*Prince  Rupert . 

54 

18 

130 

18 

171 

52 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


237 


Table  107, 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 

Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  ‘  Reseau  Mondial”  of  the  British  Meteorological 

Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


Longitude 

Latitude. 

from 

Height. 

CANADA. 

Greenwich. 

( Continued .) 

Feet. 

m. 

*Qu’Appelle . 

So° 

30' N. 

103° 

47' W. 

2116 

645 

Quebec . 

46 

48 

7i 

13 

296 

90 

*Sable  Island . 

43 

57 

60 

6 

26 

8 

*St.  John,  N.B . 

45 

17 

66 

4 

ng 

36 

*St.  Johns,  Newfoundland . 

47 

34 

52 

42 

125 

38 

*S.W.  Point,  Anticosti . 

49 

24 

63 

35 

30 

9 

Sydney . 

46 

10 

60 

10 

48 

11 

*Toronto . 

43 

.40 

79 

24 

379 

116 

*Victoria . 

48 

24 

123 

19 

230 

70 

*Winnepeg . 

49 

53 

97 

7 

760 

232 

Woodstock . . . 

43 

8 

80 

47 

980 

299 

*York  factory . 

57 

00 

92 

28 

36 

11 

UNITED  STATES. 

*Abilene . 

32 

23  N. 

99 

40  W. 

1738 

530 

Albany . 

42 

39 

73 

45 

97 

30 

Alpena . 

45 

5 

83 

30 

609 

186 

Amarillo . 

35 

13 

101 

50 

3676 

1120 

Asheville . 

35 

36 

82 

32 

2255 

687 

Atlanta . 

33 

45 

84 

23 

1174 

358 

Atlantic  City . 

39 

22 

74 

25 

52 

16 

Augusta . 

33 

28 

81 

54 

180 

55 

Baltimore . 

39 

17 

76 

37 

123 

37 

Binghamton . 

42 

6 

75 

55 

875 

267 

*Bismarck . 

46 

47 

100 

38 

1674 

5io 

Block  Island . 

4i 

10 

7i 

36 

26 

8 

Blue  Hill . 

42 

12 

7i 

6 

640 

195 

Boise . . 

43 

37 

1 16 

3 

2739 

835 

Boston . 

42 

21 

7i 

4 

125 

38 

Buffalo . 

42 

53 

78 

53 

767 

234 

Cairo . 

37 

0 

89 

10 

356 

108 

Cape  Henry . 

36 

56 

76 

0 

18 

5 

*Charleston . . 

32 

47 

79 

56 

48 

i5 

Charlotte . 

35 

13 

80 

5i 

779 

237 

Chattanooga . . . 

35 

4 

85 

14 

702 

232 

*Cheyenne . 

4i 

8 

104 

48 

6088 

1855 

*Chicago . 

4i 

53 

87 

37 

823 

251 

Cincinnati . 

39 

6 

84 

3° 

628 

191 

Cleveland . 

4i 

30 

81 

42 

762 

232 

Columbia,  Mo . 

38 

57 

92 

20 

784 

239 

Columbia,  S.C . 

34 

0 

81 

3 

35i 

107 

Columbus . 

39 

58 

83 

0 

824 

251 

Concord.  . . 

43 

12 

7i 

32 

288 

88 

Corpus  Christi . 

27 

49 

97 

25 

20 

6 

Davenport . 

4i 

30 

90 

38 

606 

185 

*Denver . 

39 

45 

io5 

0 

5291 

1613 

Des  Moines . 

4i 

35 

93 

37 

861 

262 

Detroit . 

42 

20 

83 

3 

730 

222 

Dodge . 

37 

45 

100 

0 

2509 

765 

Drexel . 

4i 

20 

96 

16 

1299 

396 

Dubuque . 

42 

30 

90 

44 

698 

213 

*Duluth . 

46 

47 

92 

6 

ii33 

345 

Eastport . 

44 

54 

66 

59 

76 

23 

Elkins . 

38 

53 

79 

49 

1940 

59i 

El  Paso . 

31 

47 

106 

30 

3762 

1147 

Erie . 

42 

7 

80 

5 

7i4 

217 

Smithsonian  Tables. 

238 


TABLE  107, 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 

Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “  Reseau  Mondial  ”  of  the  British  Meteorological 

Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


UNITED  STATES. 

Latitude. 

Longitude 

from 

Greenwich. 

Height. 

(1 Continued .) 

Feet. 

m. 

Escanaba . 

45° 

48'  N. 

87° 

5' w. 

612 

187 

Eureka . 

40 

48 

124 

11 

62 

19 

Evansville . 

37 

58 

87 

33 

431 

131 

Fort  Smith . 

35 

22 

94 

24 

457 

139 

Fort  Worth . 

32 

43 

97 

15 

670 

204 

Fresno . 

36 

43 

1 19 

49 

330 

IOI 

♦Galveston . 

29 

18 

94 

50 

54 

16 

Grand  Haven . 

43 

5 

86 

13 

632 

193 

Grand  Junction . 

39 

9 

108 

33 

4608 

1404 

Green  Bay . 

44 

3i 

88 

0 

617 

188 

Harrisburg . 

40 

16 

76 

52 

374 

114 

Hartford . 

4i 

46 

72 

40 

159 

48 

Havre . 

48 

34 

109 

40 

2505 

764 

♦Helena . 

46 

34 

112 

4 

4110 

1253 

Houghton . 

47 

7 

88 

34 

668 

204 

Houston . 

29 

47 

95 

24 

138 

42 

Huron . 

44 

21 

98 

14 

1306 

398 

Indianapolis . 

39 

46 

86 

10 

822 

251 

Ithaca . 

42 

27 

76 

29 

836 

255 

Jacksonville . 

30 

20 

81 

39 

43 

13 

Kalispell . 

48 

10 

1 14 

25 

2973 

906 

Kansas  Gity . 

39 

5 

94 

37 

963 

293 

*Key  West . ' . 

24 

33 

81 

48 

22 

7 

Knoxville . 

35 

56 

83 

58 

996 

304 

La  Crosse . 

43 

49 

9i 

i5 

7i4 

2  j.8 

Lander . 

42 

50 

108 

45 

5372 

1637 

Lansing . 

42 

44 

84 

26 

878 

268 

Lewiston . 

46 

25 

117 

2 

757 

231 

Lexington . 

38 

2 

84 

33 

989 

301 

Lincoln . . . 

40 

49 

96 

45 

1189 

362 

Little  Rock . 

34 

45 

92 

6 

357 

109 

Los  Angeles . 

34 

3 

118 

15 

338 

103 

Louisville . 

38 

15 

85 

45 

525 

160 

Lynchburg . 

37 

25 

79 

9 

681 

207 

Macon . 

32 

50 

83 

38 

370 

113 

Madison . 

43 

5 

89 

23 

974 

297 

Marquette . 

46 

34 

87 

24 

734 

224 

Memphis . 

35 

9 

90 

3 

399 

122 

Meridan . 

32 

21 

88 

40 

375 

114 

Milwaukee . 

43 

2 

87 

54 

681 

207 

Minneapolis . 

44 

59 

93 

18 

918 

280 

♦Mobile . 

30 

4i 

88 

2 

57 

17 

Montgomery . 

32 

23 

86 

18 

223 

68 

Moorhead . 

46 

52 

96 

44 

935 

285 

Mount  Tamalpais . 

37 

56 

122 

35 

2375 

724 

Mount  Weather . 

39 

4 

77 

55 

1726 

526 

Nantucket . 

4i 

17 

70 

6 

12 

4 

♦Nashville . 

36 

10 

86 

47 

546 

166 

New  Haven . 

4i 

18 

72 

56 

106 

32 

♦New  Orleans . 

29 

58 

90 

4 

53 

16 

♦New  York . 

40 

43 

74 

0 

3i4 

hi 

Norfolk . 

36 

5i 

76 

17 

9i 

28 

North  Head . 

46 

16 

124 

4 

211 

64 

♦North  Platte . 

4i 

08 

100 

45 

2821 

860 

Northfield . 

44 

10 

72 

4i 

876 

267 

Oklahoma  City . 

35 

26 

97 

33 

1214 

370 

Omaha . 

41 

16 

95 

56 

1105 

337 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


239 


Table  107. 

LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 

Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “  Roseau  Mondial  ”  of  the  British  Meteorological 

Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


...  ... 

Longitude 

Latitude. 

from 

Height. 

UNITED  STATES. 

Greenwich. 

(1 Continued .) 

Feet. 

m. 

Oswego . 

43° 

29'  N. 

76c 

’  35' W. 

335 

102 

Parkersburg . 

39 

16 

81 

36 

638 

194 

Pensacola . 

30 

25 

87 

13 

56 

17 

Philadelphia . 

39 

57 

75 

9 

117 

36 

Phnenix . 

33 

28 

112 

0 

1108 

338 

Pike’s  Peak . 

38 

50 

io5 

2 

I4I34 

4308 

Pittsburg . 

40 

32 

80 

2 

842 

257 

Pocatello . 

42 

52 

112 

29 

4477 

1365 

Port  Huron . 

43 

0 

82 

26 

638 

194 

Portland,  Me . 

43 

39 

70 

15 

103 

31 

*Portland,  Oreg . 

45 

32 

122 

4i 

153 

47 

Providence . 

4i 

50 

71 

25 

160 

49 

Pueblo . 

38 

18 

104 

36 

4685 

1428 

Raleigh . 

35 

45 

78 

37 

376 

ii5 

Richmond . 

37 

32 

77 

27 

144 

44 

Rochester . 

43 

8 

77 

42 

523 

159 

Roseburg . 

43 

13 

123 

20 

5io 

155 

Sacramento . 

38 

35 

121 

30 

69 

21 

*St.  Louis . 

38 

38 

90 

12 

568 

173 

St.  Paul . 

44 

58 

93 

3 

837 

255 

Salt  Lake  City . 

40 

46 

hi 

54 

4360 

1329 

San  Antonio . 

29 

27 

98 

28 

693 

211 

*San  Diego . 

32 

43 

117 

10 

87 

26 

Sandusky . 

4i 

25 

82 

40 

629 

192 

*San  Francisco . 

37 

48 

122 

26 

155 

47 

*Santa  Fe . . . 

35 

4i 

105 

57 

7013 

2138 

Sault  Ste.  Marie . 

46 

30 

84 

21 

614 

Ig7  , 

Savannah . 

32 

5 

81 

5 

65 

20 

Scranton . 

4i 

24 

75 

42 

805 

245 

Seattle . 

47 

38 

122 

20 

125 

38 

Shreveport . 

32 

30 

93 

40 

249 

76 

Spokane . 

47 

40 

117 

25 

1929 

588 

Springfield,  Ill . 

39 

48 

89 

39 

644 

196 

Springfield,  Mo . 

37 

12 

93 

18 

1324 

403 

Syracuse . 

43 

2 

76 

10 

597 

182 

Tacoma . 

47 

16 

122 

23 

213 

65 

Tampa . 

27 

57 

82 

27 

35 

11 

Tatoosh  Island . 

48 

23 

124 

44 

86 

26 

Taylor . 

30 

35 

97 

20 

583 

178 

Toledo . 

4i 

40 

83 

34 

628 

191 

Topeka . 

39 

3 

95 

4i 

987 

301 

Valentine . 

42 

50 

100 

32 

2598 

792 

Vicksburg . 

32 

22 

90 

53 

247 

75 

*Washington  City . 

38 

54 

77 

3 

112 

34 

Wichita . 

37 

4i 

97 

20 

1358 

414  • 

Williston . 

48 

9 

103 

35 

1878 

572 

Wilmington . 

34 

14 

77 

57 

78 

24 

Wytheville . 

36 

56 

81 

5 

2304 

702 

Yankton . 

42 

54 

97 

28 

1233 

376 

MEXICO,  CENTRAL  AMERICA 

AND  WEST  INDIES. 

*Barbados  (Windward  Islands) . 

13 

8  N. 

59 

36  W. 

180 

55 

Basseterre  (St.  Kitts) . 

17 

18 

62 

43 

29 

9 

*Belize  (Brit.  Honduras) . 

19 

29 

88 

12 

6 

2 

*Bermuda  (Fort  Prospect) . 

32 

17 

64 

46 

151 

46 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


240 


Table  107. 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 

Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “  Reseau  Mondial  ”  of  the  British  Meteorological 

Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


i 

Longitude 

MEXICO,  CENTRAL  AMERICA 

Latitude. 

from 

Height. 

AND  WEST  INDIES. 

breenwicn. 

{Continued.) 

Feet. 

m. 

Bridgetown  (Barbados) . 

13° 

4'  N. 

59° 

37' w. 

30 

9 

Camp  Jacob  (Guadeloupe) . 

16 

00 

62 

2 

1650 

503 

Cienfuegos  (Cuba)  Montserrat . 

22 

8 

80 

26 

98 

30 

Colon  (Panama) . 

9 

23 

79 

23 

36 

11 

*Culebra  (Panama) . 

9 

10 

79 

40 

404 

123 

Fort  de  France  (Martinique) . 

14 

36 

61 

5 

13 

4 

Grand  Turk  (Turks  Is.) . 

21 

21 

7i 

7 

11 

3 

*Grenada  (Richmond  Hill) . 

12 

3 

61 

45 

508 

155 

Guanajuato  (Mexico) . . 

21 

00 

101 

15 

6640 

2024 

Guatemala . 

14 

37 

90 

3i 

4888 

1490 

^Havana  (Cuba) . 

23 

8 

82 

22 

57 

24 

*  Jamaica  (Negril  Point) . 

18 

15 

78 

23 

33 

10 

Kingston  (Jamaica) . 

17 

58 

76 

48 

286 

87 

*Leon  (Mexico) . 

21 

7 

IOI 

4i 

5899 

I799 

Mazatlan  (Mexico) . 

23 

11 

106 

25 

25 

8 

*Mexico  (Mexico) . 

19 

26 

99 

8 

748o 

2280 

*Morelia  (Mexico) . 

19 

14 

100 

7 

6342 

I933 

*Nassau  (Bahamas) . 

25 

5 

77 

21 

26 

8 

*Oaxaca  (Mexico) . 

17 

4 

96 

44 

5128 

1563 

*Port  au  Prince  (Haiti) . 

18 

34 

72 

22 

118 

37 

Port  of  Spain  (Trinidad) . 

10 

35 

61 

30 

40 

12 

Puelba  (Mexico) . 

19 

2 

98 

11 

7116 

2169 

Puerto  Principe  (Cuba) . 

21 

23 

77 

56 

352 

107 

Roseau  (Dominica) . 

15 

17 

61 

23 

'  25 

8 

*St.  Croix  (Christiansted) . 

17 

45 

64 

42 

23 

7 

St.  Thomas  (Virgin  Is.) . 

18 

13 

64 

29 

27 

8 

*Salina  Cruz  (Mexico) . 

16 

12 

95 

16 

184 

56 

Saltillo  (Mexico) . 

25 

25 

100 

56 

5399 

1645 

San  Domingo  (San  Domingo) . 

18 

28 

69 

93 

57 

18 

San  Jose  (Costa  Rico) . 

9 

56 

84 

8 

3724 

ii35 

San  Juan  (Porto  Rico) . 

18 

29 

66 

07 

82 

25 

San  Luis  Potosi  (Mexico) . 

22 

5 

100 

59 

6200 

1890 

*San  Salvador  (Central  America) .... 

13 

44 

89 

9 

2155 

657 

Santiago  de  Cuba  (Cuba) . 

19 

55 

75 

50 

82 

25 

Tacubaya  (Mexico) . 

19 

24 

99 

12 

7621 

2323 

Vera  Cruz  (Mexico) . 

19 

12 

.  96 

8 

23 

7 

‘Willemstad  (Mexico) . 

12 

6 

68 

56 

75 

23 

*Zacatecas  (Mexico) . 

22 

47 

102 

35 

8015 

2610 

*Zapotlan  (Mexico) . 

19 

38 

103 

37 

5016 

*529 

SOUTH  AMERICA. 

Andalgala  (Argentina) . 

27 

30  S. 

66 

26  W. 

35i7 

1072 

Aracaju  (Brazil) . 

10 

55 

37 

4 

14 

4 

*Arequipa  (Peru) . 

16 

22 

7i 

33 

8041 

2451 

Asuncion  (Paraguay) . 

25 

32 

57 

48 

312 

95 

*Bahia  Blanca  (Argentina) . 

38 

45 

62 

15 

82 

25 

Bello  Horizonte  (Brazil) . 

19 

54 

43 

30 

2812 

857 

Bogota  (Colombia) . 

4 

35 

74 

14 

8579 

2615 

*Buenos  Aires  (Argentina) . 

34 

36 

58 

22 

72 

22 

Caldera  (Chile) . 

27 

3 

70 

53 

98 

30 

*Caracas  (Venezuela) . 

10 

31  N. 

66 

56 

3419 

1042 

Catamarca  (Argentina) . 

28 

27  S. 

65 

47 

1673 

5io 

*Cayerme  (French  Guiana) . 

4 

56  N. 

52 

21 

20 

6 

Ceres  (Argentina) . 

29 

55  S. 

61 

58 

285 

87 

Chaco  (Paraguay) . 

23 

23 

58 

25 

361 

no 

Concordia  (Argentina) . 

3i 

23 

58 

2 

79 

24 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


241 


Table  1  07. 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 


Note.  — Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “  Reseau  Mondial  ”  of  the  British  Meteorological 
Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


Latitude. 

Longitude 

from 

Height. 

SOUTH  AMERICA. 

Greenwich. 

( Continued .) 

Coquimbo  (Chile) . 

290 

56' s. 

71 

0  21 'W. 

Feet. 

82 

m. 

25 

*C6rdoba  (Argentina) . 

31 

25 

64 

12 

1388 

423 

Corrientes  (Argentina) . 

27 

27 

58 

49 

177 

54 

*Curityba  (Brazil)  . 

25 

26 

49 

16 

2979 

908 

*Cuyaba  (Brazil) . 

15 

36 

56 

00 

771 

235 

El  Misti  (Peru) . 

Summit  Station . 

16 

16 

7i 

3° 

19200 

5852 

Mt.  Blanc  station . 

16 

16 

7i 

30 

15700 

4785 

*E1  Peru  (Brazil) . 

7 

30  N. 

62 

00 

?984 

?300 

*Fernando  Noronha  (Brazil) . 

3 

51  S. 

32 

25 

312 

95 

*Georgetown  (Brit.  Guinea) . 

6 

50  N. 

58 

12 

6 

2 

*Goya  (Argentina) . 

29 

9S. 

59 

15 

210 

64 

Iquique  (Chile) . 

20 

12 

70 

11 

33 

10 

Isla  Chanaral  (Chile) . 

29 

1 

71 

37 

157 

48 

*Islota  de  los  Evangelistas  (Chile) .  . . 

52 

24 

75 

6 

180 

55 

Juan  Fernandez  (Chile) . 

33 

37 

78 

5° 

33 

10 

La  Plata  (Argentina) . 

34 

9 

57 

9 

60 

18 

Lima  (Peru) . 

16 

4 

77 

3 

520 

158 

*Manaos  (Brazil) . 

3 

8 

59 

59 

105 

32 

*Montevideo  (Uruguay) . 

34 

54 

56 

12 

96 

29 

*Paramaribo  (Dutch  Guinea) . 

5 

49  N. 

55 

9 

13 

4 

Parana  (Argentina) . 

4i 

43  S. 

60 

31 

256 

78 

*Porto  Alegre  (Brazil) . 

30 

2 

51 

13 

85 

26 

Potosi  (Bolivia) . 

19 

38 

65 

25 

13287 

4050 

i  *Puerto  de  Antofagasta  (Chile) . 

23 

39 

70 

25 

16 

5 

*Puerto  de  Arica  (Chile) . 

18 

28 

70 

20 

33 

10 

*Puerto  de  Punta  Arenas  (Chile) .... 

53 

10 

70 

54 

13 

4 

*Punta  Angeles  (Chile) . 

33 

1 

7i 

38 

131 

40 

Punta  Carranza  (Chile) . 

35 

36 

72 

38 

98 

30 

*Punta  Corona  (Chile) . 

4i 

5i 

73 

50 

82 

25 

*Punta  Dungeness  (Chile) . 

52 

24 

68 

25 

16 

5 

*Punta  Galera  (Chile) . 

40 

1 

73 

44 

131 

40 

*Punta  Tortuga  (Chile) . 

29 

56 

7i 

21 

82 

25 

Quito  (Ecuador) . 

0 

14 

78 

32 

9337 

2846 

*Rio  dp  Janeiro  (Brazil) . 

22 

54 

43 

10 

197 

61 

*Rio  Grande  do  Sul  (Brazil) . 

32 

2 

52 

6 

7 

2 

Rosario  (Paraguay) . 

32 

55 

60 

38 

85 

26 

San  Juan  (Argentina) . 

3i 

32 

68 

42 

2168 

664 

^Santiago  (Chile) . 

33 

27 

70 

42 

1706 

520 

*Sao  Paulo  (Brazil)  Observatorio .... 

23 

34 

46 

38 

2690 

820 

*Sucre  (Bolivia) . 

19 

3 

67 

17 

9331 

2844 

Torre  do  Recife  (Pernambuco, 

Brazil) . 

8 

4 

34 

53 

97 

30 

Valparaiso  (Chile) . 

33 

I 

7i 

38 

131 

40 

Villa  Colon  (Uruguay)  Observatorio 

Prado . . . 

34 

5i 

56 

19 

95 

29 

EUROPE. 

NORWAY  AND  SWEDEN. 

*Bergen  (Norway) . 

60 

24  N. 

5 

19  E. 

144 

44 

*Berufjord  (Sweden) . 

64 

40 

14 

19 

59 

18 

*Bodo  (Norway) . 

67 

17 

12 

24 

67 

21 

Carlshamn  (Sweden) . 

56 

10 

14 

52 

39 

12 

Christiania  (Norway) . 

59 

55 

10 

43 

82 

25 

*Christiansund  (Norway) . 

63 

7 

7 

45 

59 

18 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


242 


Table  107. 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 


Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “  Roseau  Mondial  ”  in  the  British  Meteorological 
Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


Longitude 

Latitude. 

from 

Height. 

NORWAY  AND  SWEDEN. 

Greenwich. 

( Continued.) 

Feet. 

m. 

Dovre  (Norway) . 

62° 

5'  N. 

62° 

5'  W. 

2113 

644 

Floro  (Norway) . 

61 

36 

5 

2 

26 

7 

♦Gjesvaer  (Norway) . 

7i 

6 

25 

22 

20 

6 

♦Harparanda  (Sweden) . 

65 

50 

24 

9 

30 

9 

Harnosand  (Sweden) . 

62 

37 

17 

57 

66 

20 

♦Mehavn  (Norway) . 

7i 

1 

27 

47 

20 

6 

Skudenes  (Norway) . 

59 

9 

5 

16 

12 

4 

Stockholm  (Sweden) . 

59 

21 

18 

4 

144 

44 

*Trondhjem  (Norway) . 

63 

26 

10 

25 

131 

40 

♦Upsala  (Sweden) . 

59 

5i 

17 

38 

79 

24 

*Vardo  (Norway) . 

70 

22 

3i 

8 

33 

10 

RUSSIA. 

(With  Siberia  and  Finland.) 

Akhtuba . 

48 

1 8°  N. 

46 

9E. 

16 

5 

*Akmolinsk . 

5i 

12 

71 

23 

?ii38 

?347 

*Arkhangelsk . 

64 

33 

40 

32 

22 

7 

Askhabad . 

37 

57 

58 

23 

74i 

226 

*  Astrakhan . 

a6 

21 

48 

2 

-46 

-14 

*Barnaoul . 

53 

20 

83 

47 

558 

170 

Batoum . 

41 

40 

4i 

38 

10 

3 

Belagatchskoe  Zimovie . 

5i 

00 

80 

18 

1043 

318 

*Berezov .  : 

63 

56 

65 

4 

131 

40 

♦Blagoveskchensk . 

50 

i5 

127 

38 

?525 

?i6o 

*Blagoveshchensk  Priisk . 

58 

10 

1 14 

17 

?i6o8 

?49° 

Bogoslovsk . 

59 

45 

60 

1 

636 

194 

Choucha . 

39 

46 

46 

45 

4487 

1368 

Dorpat . 

58 

22 

26 

43 

243 

74 

1  Derkoulskoe  verderie . 

49 

3 

39 

48 

499 

152 

*Doudinka . 

69 

7 

87 

00 

?66 

?  20 

*Ekaterinburg . 

56 

50 

60 

38 

948 

289 

Elatma . 

54 

58 

4i 

45 

459 

140 

Elisavetgrad . 

48 

3i 

32 

17 

403 

123 

*Eniseisk . 

58 

27 

92 

11 

276 

84 

*Fort  Alexandrovsk . 

44 

3i 

50 

16 

79 

24 

.  Golooustnoe . 

52 

1 

105 

27 

1529 

466 

Goudaour . 

42 

28 

44 

28 

7231 

2204 

*Helsingfors . 

60 

10 

24 

57 

38 

12 

♦Iakoutsk . 

62 

1 

129 

43 

354 

?io8 

*Irgiz . 

48 

37 

61 

16 

367 

112 

♦Irkutsk . 

52 

16 

104 

19 

1532 

467 

♦Jurjev . 

58 

23 

26 

43 

246 

75 

Kamena'ia  Steppe . 

5i 

3 

40 

42 

623 

190 

Kansk . 

56 

12 

95 

39 

7i5 

218 

Kargopol . . . 

61 

30 

38 

57 

420 

128 

Kars . 

40 

37 

43 

5 

573i 

1747 

Kazalinsk . 

45 

46 

62 

7 

230 

70 

♦Kazan . 

55 

47 

49 

8 

262 

80 

Kem . 

64 

57 

34 

39 

4i 

13 

Kerki . 

37 

50 

65 

13 

804 

245 

♦Kharkov  (University) . 

50 

00 

36 

14 

459 

140 

♦Kiev . 

5o 

27 

30 

30 

600 

183 

♦Kirensk . 

57 

47 

108 

7 

886 

270 

♦Kola . 

68 

53 

33 

1 

22 

7 

♦Krasnovodsk . 

40 

00 

52 

59 

-49 

-15 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


243 


Table  107. 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 


Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “  Reseau  Mondial”  of  the  British  Meteorological 
Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


Latitude. 

Longitude 

from 

Greenwich. 

Height. 

Feet. 

1 

m. 

62° 

54'  N. 

27° 

40'  E. 

328 

IOO 

Si 

45 

36 

12 

774 

236 

38 

46 

48 

52 

-62 

-19 

56 

3i 

21 

1 

16 

5 

50 

1 

33 

22 

54i 

165 

48 

35 

39 

20 

148 

45 

44 

32 

34 

13 

262 

80 

72 

23 

52 

43 

48 

15 

47 

39 

37 

30 

919 

280 

65 

50 

44 

16 

53 

16 

53 

43 

9i 

4i 

837 

?255 

55 

45 

37 

34 

512 

156 

4i 

26 

76 

2 

?66n 

?20I5 

5i 

59 

116 

35 

1588 

484 

5i 

19 

1 19 

37 

2041 

622 

56 

20 

44 

00 

5i8 

158  i 

53 

8 

140 

45 

69 

21  ! 

46 

58 

3i 

58 

64 

20 

59 

32 

45 

27 

508 

156 

5i 

25 

21 

57 

482 

147 

44 

40 

37 

49 

121 

37 

66 

3i 

66 

35 

86 

24  ! 

46 

29 

30 

46 

213 

65 

59 

21 

i43 

17 

20 

6 

60 

22 

120 

26 

?663 

?202 

54 

58 

73 

23 

289 

88 

52 

58 

36 

4 

600 

183 

5i 

45 

55 

6 

374 

1 14 

60 

25 

i34 

29 

?328 

?IOO 

65 

27 

52 

10 

?82 

?25 

50 

11 

130 

7 

?55i 

?i68 

38 

11 

74 

2 

?ii942 

?3640 

59 

4i 

30 

29 

130 

40 

53 

11 

45 

1 

706 

215 

58 

1 

56 

i5 

535 

163 

58 

23 

24 

30 

32 

10 

59 

56 

30 

16 

16 

5 

52 

53 

158 

47 

285 

87 

61 

47 

34 

23 

128 

39 

52 

7 

26 

6 

466 

142 

47 

57 

29 

10 

468 

143 

53 

44 

52 

56 

355 

108 

48 

27 

89 

12 

643 

196 

62 

5i 

34 

49 

141 

43 

47 

13 

39 

43 

161 

49 

50 

47 

142 

55 

410 

125 

50 

36 

39 

43 

685 

209 

39 

39 

66 

57 

2369 

722 

56 

28 

53 

49 

397 

121 

5i 

32 

46 

3 

197 

60 

54 

47 

32 

4 

791 

241 

67 

25 

26 

36 

590 

180 

61 

15 

73 

24 

?i3i 

?40 

45 

3 

4i 

59 

1909 

582 

61 

15 

73 

24 

472 

42 

4i 

20 

69 

18 

1568 

478 

5i 

2 

1 13 

30 

2211 

674 

RUSSIA. 

( Continued .) 

*Kuopio . 

Kursk . 

♦Lenkoran . 

Libava . 

Lubny  (Gymnasium) .  . 

Lugansk . 

Magaratch . 

♦Malye  Karmakouly  .  .  . 
Mariupolskoe  verderie. 

Mezen . 

*Minousinsk . 

*Moscow . 

*Narynskoe . 

*Nertchinsk . 

Nertchinski  Zavod.  .  .  . 

Nijni  Novgorod . 

*Nikolaevsk-um- Amour 

Nikolaief . 

Nikolsk . 

Novaia  Alexandria 

*Novorossiisk . 

♦Obdorsk . 

*Odessa  (University)  .  . 

♦Okhotsk . 

♦Olekminsk . 

♦Omsk . 

Orel . 

♦Orenburg . 

*Oust-Maiskoe . 

♦Oust-Tsylma . 

♦Paikanskii  Sklad . 

Pamirski  Post . 

Pavlovsk . 

Pensa . 

♦Perm . 

Pernov . 

♦Petrograd . 

♦Petropavlosk . 

♦Petrozavodsk . 

Pinsk . 

Ploti . 

Polibino . 

♦Port  Arthur . 

Povenets . . 

Rostov  on  Don . 

Rykovskoe . . 

Saguny . 

Samarkand . 

Sarapul . . 

♦Saratov . 

Smolensk . 

Sodankyla . . 

♦Sourgout . . 

Stavropol . 

Surgut . . 

♦Tachkent . 

♦Tchita . 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


244 


Table  107. 

LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 


Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “  Reseau  Mondial  ”  of  the  British  Meteorological 

Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


Longitude 

Latitude. 

from 

Height. 

RUSSIA. 

Greenwich. 

(1 Continued .) 

Feet. 

ra. 

Termez . 

37° 

12'  N. 

67° 

15'  E. 

1017 

310 

♦Tiflis . 

4i 

43 

44 

48 

1342 

409 

Tiumen . 

57 

10 

65 

32 

292 

89 

♦Tobolsk . 

58 

12 

68 

14 

354 

108 

♦Tomsk . 

56 

30 

84 

58 

400 

122 

Totaikoi . 

44 

54 

34 

11 

994 

303 

♦Touroukhanst . 

65 

55 

87 

38 

?i3i 

?40 

Troitskosavsk . 

50 

22 

106 

27 

2520 

768 

♦Troitsko-Petcherskoe . 

62 

42 

56 

13 

404 

?I23 

Tulun . 

54 

33 

100 

22 

1617 

493 

*Tygan  Ourkan . 

54 

5 

124 

46 

?I2I4 

?37° 

Ufa . 

54 

43 

55 

56 

57i 

174 

Uman . 

48 

45 

30 

13 

709 

216 

Uralsk . 

5i 

12 

5i 

22 

124 

38 

Uspenskaia . 

56 

38 

39 

12 

783 

239 

Valaam . . 

61 

23 

30 

57 

122 

37 

Varshava  (Warsaw)  (University) .  . . 

52 

15 

21 

1 

394 

120 

Vasilevitchi . 

52 

16 

29 

48 

440 

134 

Velikiia  Louki . 

56 

21 

30 

31 

34i 

104 

*Velsk . 

61 

5 

42 

7 

?285 

?87 

Verkhniaia  Michikha . 

5i 

30 

105 

58 

4199 

1280 

♦Verkhoiansk . 

67 

33 

133 

24 

328 

100 

♦Vernyi . 

43 

16 

76 

53 

2566 

782 

Vlatka . 

58 

36 

49 

41 

607 

185 

Vilno . 

54 

4i 

25 

18 

486 

148 

♦Vladivostok . 

43 

7 

131 

54 

88 

27 

Vlotslavsk . 

52 

40 

19 

4 

213 

65 

Vologda . 

59 

14 

39 

53 

407 

124 

Vycknii  Volotchok . 

57 

35 

34 

34 

548 

167 

Zlatoust . 

55 

10 

59 

4i 

1502 

458 

FRANCE. 

Bagneres-de-Bigorre . 

43 

4N. 

0 

9  E. 

1795 

547 

Besangon  (Observatoire) . 

47 

15 

5 

59 

1020 

311 

Bordeaux . 

44 

50 

0 

31  w. 

243 

74 

Brest . 

48 

23 

4 

30 

200 

61 

Chamonix . 

45 

55 

7 

2  E. 

3406 

1038 

Cherbourg . 

49 

39 

1 

38  w. 

43 

13 

Dunkerque . 

5i 

2 

2 

22  E. 

23 

7 

Langres . 

47 

52 

5 

20 

1529 

466 

Lyon  (Saint-Genis-Laval) . 

45 

41 

4 

47 

981 

299 

♦Marseille . 

43 

18 

5 

23 

246 

75 

Mont  Blanc  (Grands  Mulets) . 

45 

52 

6 

5i 

9908 

3020 

Mont  Blanc  (Chamonix) . 

45 

55 

6 

5i 

3405 

1038 

Mont  Blanc  (Les  Bosses) . 

I43°i 

4359 

Mont  Blanc  (Sommet) . 

45 

59 

6 

5i 

15781 

4810 

Mont  Ventoux . 

44 

10 

5 

16 

6234 

1900 

Montpellier . 

43 

37 

3 

53 

118 

36 

♦Nantes . 

47 

15 

1 

34  W. 

135 

O  w 

4i 

Nice  (Observatoire) . 

43 

43 

6 

78  E. 

1115 

340 

Paris  (Central  Meteo.  Bureau) . 

48 

52 

2 

18 

108 

33 

♦Paris  (Parc  Saint  Maur) . 

48 

48 

2 

30 

164 

50 

Paris  (Eiffel) . 

48 

52 

2 

18 

1027 

3i3 

Paris  (Montsouris) . 

48 

49 

.2 

20 

253 

77 

Perpignan . 

42 

42 

2 

53 

102 

3i 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


245 


Table  1  07. 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS 


Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “  Reseau  Mondial  ”  of  the  British  Meteorological 
Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


Longitude 

... 

Latitude. 

from 

Height. 

FRANCE. 

Greenwich. 

(Continued.) 

Feet. 

m. 

Pic  du  Midi  de  Bigorre  . . 

420 

56'  N. 

o° 

1  8'E. 

9380 

2859 

Puy  de  Dome  (Plaine) . 

45 

46 

2 

86 

1309 

399 

Puy  de  Dome  (Sommet) . 

45 

46 

2 

57 

4813 

1467 

Sainte-Honorine-du-Fay . 

49 

5 

0 

30  W. 

387 

118 

Toulouse . 

43 

37 

1 

67 

636 

194 

GERMANY. 

Aachen  (Prussia) . 

50 

47  N. 

6 

6  E. 

672 

205 

Ansbach  (Bavaria) . 

49 

18 

10 

33 

1437 

438 

Altenberg  (Saxony) . 

50 

46 

13 

46 

2481 

756 

Augsburg  (Bavaria) . 

48 

22 

10 

54 

1640 

500 

Bad  Elster  (Saxony) . 

50 

17 

12 

15 

1644 

501 

Bamberg  (Bavaria) . 

49 

53 

10 

53 

943 

288 

Bautzen  (Saxony) . 

5i 

11 

14 

26 

669 

204 

Bayreuth  (Bavaria) . 

49 

57 

11 

34 

1190 

363 

Berlin  (Prussia) . 

52 

30 

13 

25 

125 

38 

Borkum  (Prussia) . 

53 

35 

6 

40 

26 

8 

Bremen . 

53 

5 

8 

48 

52 

16 

Breslau  (Prussia) . 

5i 

7 

17 

2 

482 

147 

Brocken  (Prussia) . 

5i 

47 

10 

37 

3766 

1148 

Bromberg  (Prussia) . 

53 

8 

18 

0 

177 

54 

Chemnitz  (Saxony) . 

50 

50 

12 

55 

1092 

333 

Dresden  (Saxony) . 

5i 

3 

13 

44 

361 

no 

Erfurt  (Prussia) . 

50 

58 

11 

4 

718 

219 

Freiberg  (Saxony) . 

50 

55 

13 

21 

1336 

407 

Friedrichshafen  (Wiirttemberg) .  .  .  . 

47 

39 

37 

55 

1338 

408 

Grosser  Belchen  (Alsace) . 

47 

53 

7 

6 

4573 

1394 

*Hamburg . 

53 

33 

9 

58 

85 

26 

Helgoland  (North  Sea) . 

54 

10 

7 

5i 

144 

44 

Hochenschwand  (Baden) . 

47 

44 

8 

10 

3296 

1005 

Hohenheim  (Wiirttemberg) . 

48 

43 

9 

14 

1319 

402 

Hohenspeissenberg  (Bavaria) . 

47 

48 

11 

1 

3261 

994 

Kahl  a.  M.  (Bavaria) . 

50 

4 

9 

1 

374 

1 14 

Kaiserlautern  (Bavaria) . 

49 

27 

7 

46 

794 

242 

Karlsruhe  (Baden) . 

49 

1 

8 

25 

416 

127 

Keitum  (Prussia) . 

54 

54 

8 

22 

26 

8 

Kiel  (Prussia) . 

54 

20 

10 

9 

155 

47 

Konigsberg  (Prussia) . 

54 

43 

20 

30 

33 

10 

Landshut  (Bavaria) . 

48 

32 

12 

10 

1305 

398 

Leipzig  (Saxony) . 

5i 

20 

12 

23 

39i 

n9 

Ludwigshafen  (Bavaria) . 

49 

29 

8 

26 

329 

100 

Magdeburg  (Prussia) . 

52 

8 

11 

38 

177 

54 

Memel  (Prussia) . 

55 

43 

21 

7 

33 

10 

Munchen  (Bavaria) . 

48 

9 

11 

34 

1726 

526 

Munster  (Westfalen) . 

5i 

58 

7 

37 

210 

64 

Neufahrwasser  (Prussia) . 

54 

24 

18 

40 

15 

5 

Nurnberg  (Bavaria) . 

49 

27 

11 

3 

1014 

309 

Passau  (Bavaria) . 

48 

34 

13 

28 

1015 

309 

Posen  (Prussia) . . 

52 

25 

16 

56 

216 

66 

*Potsdam  observatory  (Prussia) . 

52 

23 

13 

4 

279 

85 

Regensburg  (Bavaria) . 

49 

1 

12 

7 

1161 

354 

Reitzenhain  (Saxony) . 

50 

34 

13 

14 

255i 

778 

Riigenwaldermtinde  (Prussia) . 

54 

26 

16 

23 

10 

3 

Schneeberg  (Saxony) . *. . 

50 

36 

12 

38 

1452 

443 

Schneekoppe  (Prussia) . 

50 

44 

15 

44 

5282 

1610 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


246 


Table  107. 

LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 

Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “  Reseau  Mondial  ”  of  the  British  Meteorological 

Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


Longitude 

Latitude. 

from 

Height. 

GERMANY. 

Greenwich. 

{Continued.) 

Feet. 

m. 

Strassburg  (Alsace) . 

48° 

35'  N. 

7° 

1  46'  E. 

471 

144 

Stuttgart  (Wurttemberg) . 

48 

47 

9 

11 

883 

269 

Swinemiinde  (Prussia) . 

53 

56 

14 

16 

33 

IO 

Villingen  (Baden) . 

48 

4 

8 

27 

2342 

714 

Wiesbaden  (Prussia) . 

50 

5 

8 

14 

374 

1 14 

Wilhelmshaven  (Oldenburg) . 

53 

32 

8 

9 

28 

8 

Wurzburg  (Bavaria) . 

49 

48 

9 

56 

588 

179 

Wustrow  (Mecklenburg) . 

54 

21 

12 

24 

23 

7 

Zittau  (Saxony) . 

5i 

54 

14 

49 

827 

252 

HOLLAND. 

Amsterdam . 

52 

23  N. 

4 

55  E. 

9 

2 

*De  Bilt . 

52 

6 

5 

11 

45 

3 

Groningen . 

53 

13 

6 

33 

29 

9 

Helder . 

52 

58 

4 

45 

18 

6 

Maastricht . . . 

50 

5i 

5 

4i 

167 

61 

Rotterdam . 

51 

54 

4 

29 

66 

4 

Vlissingen . 

5i 

26 

3 

34 

26 

8 

BELGIUM. 

Arlon . 

49 

40  N. 

5 

48  E. 

1450 

442 

Bruxelles . 

50 

5i 

4 

22 

131 

40 

Furnes . 

5i 

4 

2 

40 

20 

6 

Liege . 

50 

37 

5 

34 

246 

75 

Maeseyck . 

5i 

6 

5 

48 

115 

35 

Ostende . 

5i 

14 

2 

55 

23 

7 

niccle . 

50 

48 

4 

22 

328 

100 

BRITISH  ISLES. 

*  Aberdeen . 

57 

10  N. 

2 

6  W. 

88 

27 

Armagh . 

54 

21 

6 

39 

200 

61 

Ben  Nevis . 

56 

48 

5 

00 

4405 

1343 

Bidston  (Liverpool) . 

53 

24 

3 

4 

188 

57 

Deerness,  Orkney  Is . 

58 

56 

2 

45 

164 

50 

Falmouth . 

50 

9 

5 

4 

167 

5i 

Fort  William . 

56 

49 

5 

7 

39 

12 

Glasgow . 

55 

53 

4 

18 

180 

55 

*Greenwich . 

51 

28 

0 

00 

157 

48 

Holyhead  (Harbour  office) . 

53 

18 

4 

39 

57 

17 

Kew . . 

51 

28 

0 

19 

18 

6 

*Lerwick . 

60 

9 

1 

8 

59 

18 

London  (Westminster) . 

5i 

30 

0 

8 

76 

23 

Malin  Island . 

55 

23 

7 

24 

208 

63 

Oxford . 

51 

46 

1 

16 

208 

63 

Scilly  Islands,  St.  Mary’s . 

49 

56 

6 

18 

131 

40 

Shields  North . 

55 

0 

1 

27 

96 

29 

Southport . 

53 

39 

2 

59 

37 

11 

Stonyhurst  College . 

53 

5i 

2 

28 

375 

114 

Stornoway . 

58 

11 

6 

22 

5i 

16 

Sumburgh  head . 

59 

5i 

1 

17 

112 

34 

*Valencia . 

5i 

56 

10 

15 

46 

14 

Yarmouth . 

52 

37 

1 

43 

17 

5 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


247 


Table  107.' 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 

Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “  Reseau  Mondial  ”  of  the  British  Meteorological 

Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


Longitude 

Latitude. 

from 

Heicht. 

Greenwich. 

SPAIN  AND  PORTUGAL. 

Feet. 

m. 

Barcelona  (Spain) . 

4ic 

’  23' N. 

2°  10' E. 

138 

42 

Cadiz  (Spain) . 

36 

31 

6  18  W. 

46 

14 

Coimbra  (Portugal) . 

40 

12 

8  25 

459 

140 

*Horta  (Portugal) . 

38 

32 

28  38 

98 

30 

*Las  Palmas  (Canary  Is.) . 

28 

1 

15  26 

30 

9 

*Lisboa  (Portugal) . 

48 

43 

9  9 

312 

95 

*Madeira  (Portugal) . 

■22 

27 

l6  CA 

82 

25 

655 

*Madrid  (Spain) . 

40 

O  / 

24 

3  41 

2149 

Ona  (Spain) . 

42 

44 

3  25 

1903 

580 

Oporto  (Portugal) . . 

4i 

8 

8  36 

328 

100 

Oviedo  (Spain) . 

43 

23 

5  48 

801 

244 

*Palma  (Spain) . 

39 

33 

2  42  E. 

? 

? 

*Ponta  Delgada  (Azores) . 

37 

44 

25  40  W. 

56 

17 

*Puerto  de  Orotava  (Canary  Is.) .... 

28 

25 

16  32 

?328 

?IOO 

San  Fernando  (Spain) . 

36 

28 

0  25 

92 

28 

Sierra  da  Estrella  (Portugal) . 

40 

25 

7  35 

4547 

1386 

Teneriffe  (Canary  Is.) . 

28 

25 

16  30 

454 

138 

Tortosa  (Spain)  Observatorio  del 

Ebro . 

40 

49 

0  29  E. 

167 

51 

Valencia  (Spain) . 

39 

28 

0  22  W. 

23 

7 

ITALY. 

Alessandria . 

44 

54  N. 

8  77  E. 

321 

98 

Asti . 

44 

54 

8  13 

465 

142 

Avellino . 

40 

56 

14  45 

1871 

570 

Belluno . 

46 

8 

12  14 

1325 

404 

Benevento . 

4i 

7 

14  48 

558 

170 

Bergamo . 

45 

42 

9  81 

1267 

386 

Bologna . 

44 

30 

11  21 

279 

85 

Caserta . 

4i 

3 

13  82 

250 

76 

Castellaneta . 

40 

38 

16  56 

780 

238 

*Catania  (Bened.) . 

37 

30 

14  65 

213 

65 

Conegliano . 

45 

53 

12  19 

2  79 

85 

Cremona . 

45 

8 

10  3 

222 

68 

Desenzano . 

45 

28 

10  72 

344 

105 

Elena . 

4i 

12 

13  35 

147 

45 

Fermo . 

43 

10 

13  43 

9i9 

280 

Ferrara . 

44 

5i 

11  77 

131 

40 

Firenze . 

43 

46 

11  15 

238 

73 

Foggia . 

4i 

27 

15  3i 

287 

87 

Forli . 

44 

13 

12  2 

163 

50 

Genova . 

44 

25 

8  95 

177 

54 

Ischia . 

40 

44 

13  54 

106 

32 

Lecce . 

40 

22 

17  72 

236 

72 

Livorno . 

43 

33 

10  18 

78 

24 

Messina . 

38 

12 

15  33 

197 

60 

Milano  (Brera) . 

45 

28 

9  11 

482 

147 

Modena . 

44 

54 

12  29 

167 

5i 

Moncalieri . 

45 

0 

7  77 

848 

258 

Napoli . 

40 

52 

13  76 

489 

149 

Padova . 

45 

24 

11  92 

103 

3i 

Palermo . 

38 

6 

12  80 

234 

7i 

Pavia . 

45 

11 

9  10 

268 

82 

Perugia . 

43 

7 

12  23 

1706 

520 

Piacenza . 

45 

3 

9  80 

235 

72 

Pisa . 

43 

44 

10  24 

30 

9 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


248 


Table  107, 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 

Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “  Reseau  Mondial  ”  of  the  British  Meteorological 

Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


Longitude 

Latitude. 

from 

Height. 

ITALY. 

Greenwich. 

{Continued.) 

Feet. 

m. 

Pistoia . 

43° 

56'  N. 

IO° 

95'  E. 

282 

86 

Prato . 

43 

53 

11 

6 

246 

75 

Reggio,  Calabria . 

38 

8 

15 

39 

48 

15 

Riposto . 

37 

4i 

14 

72 

46 

14 

Roca  di  Papa . 

4i 

46 

12 

43 

2493 

760 

*Roma,  Collegio  Romano . 

4i 

54 

12 

29 

207 

63 

Rovigo . 

45 

3 

11 

87 

69 

21 

Salo . 

45 

36 

10 

7i 

328 

100 

Sassari . 

40 

44 

8 

75 

735 

224 

Sestola . . 

44 

15 

10 

87 

3585 

1092 

Siena . 

43 

19 

11 

20 

ii43 

348 

Siracusa . 

37 

3 

16 

75 

76 

23 

Teramo . 

42 

40 

13 

43 

945 

288 

Torino . 

45 

4 

7 

82 

907 

276 

Venezia . 

45 

26 

12 

20 

70 

21 

SWITZERLAND. 

Alstatten . 

47 

23  N. 

93 

3  E. 

1476 

450 

Altdorf . 

46 

53 

8 

39 

1493 

455 

Basel . 

47 

33 

7 

35 

912 

278 

Bern . 

46 

57 

7 

26 

1877 

572 

Castasegna . 

46 

20 

9 

3i 

2297 

700 

Chaumont . 

47 

1 

6 

59 

3701 

1128 

1  Davos  Platz . 

40 

48 

9 

49 

5118 

1560 

Genf . 

46 

12 

6 

9 

1329 

405 

Lugano . 

46 

0 

8 

57 

902 

275 

Neuenburg . 

47 

0 

6 

57 

1601 

488 

Pilatus-Kulm . 

46 

59 

8 

16 

6781 

2067 

Rigi-Kulm . 

47 

3 

8 

30 

5863 

1787 

Santis . 

47 

15 

9 

20 

8202 

2500 

Sils-Maria . 

46 

26 

9 

46 

595i 

1814 

St.  Bernhard . 

45 

52 

7 

11 

8123 

2476 

*Ziirich . 

47 

23 

8 

33 

1687 

493 

AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. 

Arco . 

45 

55  N. 

10 

53  E. 

298 

9i 

Aussig  a.d.  Elbe . 

50 

40 

14 

2 

528 

161 

Bielitz . 

49 

49 

19 

3 

1125 

343 

Bruck  a.d.  Mur . 

47 

25 

i5 

17 

1591 

485 

Brtinn . 

49 

11 

16 

33 

679 

207 

Bucheben . 

47 

8 

12 

58 

3947 

1203 

*Budapest . 

47 

30 

19 

2 

369 

112 

Dobogoko . 

47 

44 

18 

54 

2290 

698 

Dollach . . 

46 

58 

12 

54 

3359 

1024 

Gorz . 

45 

57 

13 

37 

308 

94 

Graz . 

47 

4 

i5 

28 

1211 

369 

Gries  b.  Bozen . 

46 

30 

11 

20 

932 

284 

Gyerty6-Szt.  Miklos . 

46 

43 

25 

36 

2670 

814 

Hereny . 

47 

16 

16 

36 

744 

227 

Innsbruck . 

47 

16 

11 

24 

1903 

580 

Klagenfurt  I . 

46 

37 

14 

18 

1476 

450 

Krakau . 

50 

4 

19 

57 

722 

220 

Kremsmiinster . 

48 

4 

14 

8 

1260 

384 

Lesina . 

43 

10 

16 

26 

62 

19 

Lussinpiccolo . 

44 

32 

14 

28 

10 

3 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


249 


Table  107. 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 

Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “  Reseau  Mondial  ”  of  the  British  Meteorological 

Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


Longitude 

Latitude. 

from 

Height. 

AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. 

Greenwich. 

( Continued .) 

Feet. 

m. 

Marburg . 

46° 

34'  N. 

i5° 

39'  E. 

886 

270 

Mariabrunn . 

48 

12 

16 

14 

751 

229 

Nagyszeben . 

45 

47 

24 

19 

1358 

415 

Obir  (Berghaus) . 

46 

30 

14 

29 

6716 

2044 

Obir  (Hannwarte) . 

46 

30 

14 

29 

7021 

2140 

O-Gyalla . 

47 

52 

18 

12 

394 

120 

Osielec . 

49 

4i 

19 

47 

1378 

420 

Pecs . 

46 

6 

18 

14 

499 

152 

Pelagosa . 

42 

23 

16 

16 

302 

92 

Prag  (Peti-inwarte) . 

50 

5 

14 

24 

1066 

325 

Prag  (Stern war te) . 

50 

5 

14 

25 

646 

197 

Prerau . 

49 

27 

17 

27 

696 

212 

Rothholz . 

47 

23 

11 

48 

1758 

536 

Schmittenhohe . 

47 

20 

12 

44 

6456 

I968 

Sonnblick . 

47 

3 

12 

57 

10190 

3106 

St.  Katharein  a.  d.  Lamming . 

47 

28 

15 

10 

2083 

635 

St.  Polten . 

48 

12 

15 

37 

899 

274 

Tarnopol . 

49 

33 

25 

36 

1063 

324 

Tragoss . 

47 

3i 

15 

5 

2510 

765 

Turkeve . 

47 

7 

20 

45 

288 

88 

Ungvar . 

46 

36 

22 

18 

433 

132 

Weiswasser . 

50 

30 

14 

48 

964 

294 

*Wien  (Hohe  Warte) . 

48 

15 

16 

22 

666 

203 

Wiener  Neustadt . 

47 

49 

16 

15 

869 

265 

Zagrab . 

45 

49 

i5 

58 

53i 

162 

Zell  am  See . 

47 

19 

12 

48 

2503 

763 

Zsombolya . 

45 

47 

20 

43 

269 

82 

BALKAN  PENINSULA  AND 

ASIATIC  TURKEY. 

♦Athens  (Greece) . 

37 

38  N. 

23 

43  E. 

35i 

107 

♦Baghdad  (Asiatic  Turkey) . 

33 

21 

44 

28 

128 

39 

♦Beirut  (Asiatic  Turkey) . 

33 

54 

35 

28 

108 

33 

Belgrad  (Servia) . 

44 

48 

20 

27 

453 

138 

Bou'iouk-Dere  (Asiatic  Turkey) . 

4i 

10 

29 

3 

384 

117 

♦Bucharest  (Roumania) . 

44 

25 

26 

6 

269 

82 

♦Busrah  (Asiatic  Turkey) . 

30 

3i 

47 

53 

26 

8 

Constantinople  (European  Turkey) . 

4i 

2 

28 

58 

246 

75 

El-Athroun  (Palestine) . 

3i 

50 

34 

60 

656 

200 

♦Hebron  (Palestine) . 

58 

12 

62 

21 

49 

15 

Jerusalem  (Palestine) . 

3i 

48 

35 

11 

2447 

746 

Kazanlyk  (Bulgaria) . 

42 

37 

25 

24 

1220 

372 

Le  Krey  (Asiatic  Turkey) . 

33 

49 

35 

40 

3330 

1015 

Mamouret-ul-Aziz  (Asiatic  Turkey) 

38 

30 

39 

22 

?328i 

Piooo 

Monastir  (Servia) . 

4i 

1 

19 

3 

2024 

617 

Saloniki  (Greece) . 

40 

39 

23 

7 

6 

2 

Sarona  (Palestine) . 

32 

5 

34 

47 

66 

20 

Scutari  (Albania) . 

42 

3 

19 

30 

30 

9 

Sinaia  (Roumania) . 

45 

30 

25 

34 

2821 

860 

Sinope  (Asiatic  Turkey) . 

42 

1 

35 

19 

?59 

?i8 

Sivas  (Asiatic  Turkey) . 

39 

43 

34 

50 

433i 

1320 

Sofia  (Bulgaria) . 

42 

42 

23 

20 

1804 

550 

Smyrna  (Asiatic  Turkey) . 

38 

26 

24 

49 

6 

2 

Sulina  (Roumania) . 

45 

9 

29 

40 

6 

2 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


250 


Table  107 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 

Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “  Reseau  Mondial  ”  of  the  British  Meteorological 
Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


Longitude 

Latitude. 

from 

Height. 

Greenwich. 

MEDITERRANEAN. 

Feet. 

m. 

Canea  (Crete) . 

35‘ 

30'  N. 

24c 

’  00'  E. 

105 

32 

*Gibraltar . 

36 

6 

5 

21  W. 

52 

16 

Kyrenia  (Cyprus) . 

35 

21 

33 

19  E. 

52 

16 

Mahon  (Minorca) . 

39 

53 

1 

57 

141 

43 

*Malta . 

35 

54 

14 

3i 

194 

59 

*Nicosia  (Cyprus) . 

35 

12 

33 

24 

72 

22 

ASIA. 

INDIA  (WITH  NEIGHBORING 

COUNTRIES). 

*Aden  (Arabia) . 

12 

45  N. 

45 

3  E. 

94 

29 

Agra . 

27 

10 

78 

5 

555 

169 

Ajmer . 

26 

27 

74 

44 

1632 

497 

Akola . 

20 

42 

77 

4 

930 

283 

*Akyab  (Burma) . 

20 

11 

92 

56 

20 

6 

*  Allahabad . 

25 

25 

81 

5i 

298 

9i 

Amini  Divi  (Lakkadives) . 

11 

6 

72 

45 

13 

4 

Bangalore . 

12 

58 

77 

37 

2982 

909 

Batticaloa  (Ceylon) . 

7 

43 

81 

44 

26 

8 

Belgaum . 

15 

52 

74 

34 

2524 

769 

Bellary . 

i5 

9 

76 

57 

1455 

443 

Berhampore . 

19 

18 

84 

5i 

67 

20 

*Bombay . 

18 

54 

72. 

49 

37 

11 

Burdwan . 

23 

16 

87 

54 

102 

3i 

*Bushire  (Persia) . 

28 

59 

50 

53 

14 

4 

*Calcutta . 

22 

36 

88 

23 

20 

6 

*Cherrapunji . 

25 

15 

9i 

42 

4308 

1313 

Chittagong . 

22 

21 

9i 

53 

87 

26 

Cochin . 

9 

58 

76 

17 

10 

3 

*Colombo  (Ceylon) . 

6 

56 

79 

53 

23 

7 

*Cothin . 

10 

00 

76 

21 

10 

3 

Cuttack . 

20 

48 

85 

54 

80 

24 

Dacca . 

23 

43 

90 

26 

35 

11 

Darjeeling . 

27 

3 

88 

18 

6960 

2121 

Deesa . 

24 

14 

72 

13 

474 

144 

*Dehra  Dun . 

30 

20 

78 

00 

2234 

681 

Dhurbi . 

26 

2 

90 

2 

ii5 

35 

Diamond  Island  (Burma) . 

15 

52 

94 

19 

4i 

12 

Durbhunga . 

26 

10 

86 

00 

166 

5i 

Enzeli  (Persia) . 

37 

30 

49 

28 

69 

21 

False  Point . 

20 

20 

86 

46 

20 

6 

Galle  (Ceylon) . 

6 

1 

80 

14 

48 

15 

*Gauhati . 

26 

8 

9i 

4i 

194 

59 

Hambantota  (Ceylon) . 

6 

7 

81 

7 

40 

12 

Hazaribagh . 

23 

59 

85 

25 

2014 

614 

Hoshangabad . 

22 

46 

77 

45 

1004 

305 

^Hyderabad . 

25 

24 

68 

18 

95 

29 

Jacobabad . 

28 

24 

68 

18 

186 

57 

Jaffna  (Ceylon) . .  .  . . 

9 

40 

79 

56 

9 

3 

*Jaipur . 

26 

56 

75 

52 

1431 

436 

*Jask  (Persia) . 

25 

44 

57 

47 

13 

4 

Jubbulpore . 

23 

10 

79 

59 

1337 

408 

*Kandy  (Ceylon) . 

7 

18 

80 

40 

1654 

504 

Karwar . 

14 

48 

74 

11 

44 

13 

Katmandu . 

27 

42 

85 

12 

4388 

1337 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


251 


Table  107, 


Note. 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 

of  the  British  Meteorological 


Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the 
Office  for  1912. 


‘  Reseau  Mondial 
(London,  1917.) 


Latitude. 

Longitude 

from 

Greenwich. 

Height, 

Feet. 

m. 

21° 

50'  N. 

76° 

23'  E. 

1037 

316 

10 

13 

77 

28 

7688 

2343 

24 

53 

66 

57 

13 

4 

3i 

34 

74 

21 

732 

223 

34 

10 

77 

42 

1 1 503 

3506 

26 

55 

80 

59 

369 

112 

30 

55 

"  75 

54 

806 

246 

13 

4 

80 

14 

22 

7 

2 

12 

102 

14 

23 

7 

29 

1 

77 

45 

738 

225 

12 

26 

75 

47 

3721 

ii34 

12 

27 

98 

35 

96 

29 

36 

16 

59 

35 

3105 

946 

30 

12 

7i 

3i 

420 

128 

24 

36 

72 

45 

3945 

1202 

33 

55 

73 

27 

6333 

1930 

12 

18 

76 

40 

2520 

768 

21 

8 

79 

5 

1017 

310 

6 

46 

80 

47 

6240 

1902 

25 

3 

79 

30 

757 

231 

20 

42 

83 

10 

179 

54 

5 

34 

100 

20 

16 

5 

10 

9 

77 

32 

944 

288 

34 

2 

7i 

37 

mo 

338 

18 

3i 

73 

55 

1992 

607 

11 

40 

92 

40 

59 

18 

5 

21 

100 

25 

57 

17 

30 

11 

67 

3 

5502 

1677 

21 

15 

81 

4i 

970 

296 

16 

46 

95 

48 

20 

6 

29 

40 

79 

33 

6069 

1850 

17 

8 

73 

19 

no 

34 

29 

52 

77 

53 

887 

270 

11 

39 

78 

12 

940 

286 

21 

40 

88 

10 

6 

2 

17 

27 

78 

33 

1787 

545 

4 

37 

55 

27 

16 

5 

25 

33 

91 

48 

4921 

1500 

17 

40 

75 

56 

1585 

483 

26 

59 

94 

4i 

333 

101 

24 

50 

92 

5i 

89 

27 

3i 

7 

77 

8 

7224 

2204 

1 

17 

103 

5i 

6 

2 

24 

34 

80 

55 

1040 

3*7 

10 

50 

78 

46 

272 

83 

8 

33 

81 

15 

12 

4 

17 

42 

83 

20 

30 

9 

17 

45 

83 

16 

30 

9 

11 

22 

76 

50 

6200 

1890 

10 

20  N. 

106 

65  E. 

607 

185 

30 

35 

114 

17 

121 

37 

21 

2 

105 

50 

43 

13 

45 

43 

126 

28 

502 

153 

INDIA. 

(1 Continued .) 

Khandwa . 

♦Kodaikanal  observatory . 

♦Kurrachee . 

♦Lahore . 

*Leh . 

Lucknow . 

Ludhiana . 

♦Madras . 

Malacca  (Straits  Settlements) 

Meerut . 

Mercara . 

Mergui . 

♦Meshed  (Persia) . 

Mooltan . 

Mount  Abu . 

Murree . 

♦Mysore . 

♦Nagpur . 

Nuwara  Eliya  (Ceylon) . 

Nowgong . 

Patna . 

*Penang  (Straits  Settlements) . 

Periyakulam  observatory . 

Peshawar . 

Poona . 

♦Port  Blair  (Andaman  Is.) . 

Province  Wellesley  (Straits  Settle 

ments . 

*Quetta  (Baluchistan) . 

Raipur . 

*Rangoon . 

Ranikhet . 

Ratnagiri . 

Roorkee . 

Salem . 

Saugor  Island . 

Secunderabad . 

♦Seychelles . . 

♦Shillong.  .  .  . . 

Sholapur . 

Sibsagar . 

Silchar . 

♦Simla . 

♦Singapore  (Straits  Settlements)  . . . 

Sutna . 

Trichinopoli . 

Trincomalee  (Ceylon) . 

Vizagapatam . 

♦Waltair . 

Wellington . 

CHINA  AND  INDO-CHINA. 

Cap-Saint  Jacques  (Indo-China). . . 

♦Hang  Kow  (China) . 

Hanoi  (Indo-China) . 

Harbin  (China) . 


Smithsonian  Tables. 


252 


Table  107. 

LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 

Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “  Reseau  Mondial  ”  of  the  British  Meteorological 
Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


Longitude 

Latitude. 

from 

Height. 

CHINA  AND  INDO-CHINA. 

Greenwich. 

{Continued.) 

Feet. 

m. 

*Hongkong  (China) . 

22° 

18'  N. 

1140 

10'  E. 

108 

33 

Kashgar  (China) . 

39 

25 

76 

7 

3999 

1219 

Lang-biam  (Indo-China) . 

12 

2 

108 

20 

4606 

1404 

*Moncay  (China) . 

21 

31 

107 

5i 

33 

10 

*Mukden  (China) . 

4i 

48 

123 

23 

144 

44 

*Nha-Trang  (Indo-China) . 

12 

16 

108 

72 

23 

7 

Pekin  (China) . 

39 

57 

116 

28 

125 

38 

*Phu  Lien  (China) . 

20 

48 

106 

37 

380 

116 

Pnom-Penh  (Indo-China) . 

11 

35 

104 

56 

26 

8 

Pulo-Condor  (Indo-China) . 

8 

16 

106 

35 

21 

6 

*Saigon  (Indo-China) . 

10 

46 

106 

42 

36 

11 

*Shanghai  (China)  Zi-Ka-Wei . 

3i 

12 

121 

26 

23 

7 

*Tiensin  (China) . 

39 

10 

117 

10 

16 

5 

Tsingtau  (Kiao-chau) . 

36 

4 

120 

19 

259 

79 

Urga  (China) . 

47 

55 

106 

50 

?4447 

?I325 

JAPAN  AND  KOREA. 

*Chemulpo  (Korea) . 

37 

29  N. 

126 

32  E. 

223 

68 

Fusan  (Korea) . 

35 

7 

129 

5 

49 

15 

Hakodate . 

4i 

46 

140 

44 

13 

4 

Hirosima . 

34 

23 

132 

27 

10 

3 

Hukuoka . 

33 

35 

130 

25 

20 

6 

*Joshin  (Korea) . 

40 

40 

129 

11 

13 

4 

*Kioto . 

35 

1 

135 

46 

161 

49 

Kobe . 

34 

4i 

135 

11 

191 

58 

Kumamoto . 

32 

49 

130 

42 

129. 

39 

Matuyama . 

33 

50 

132 

45 

106 

32 

*Miyako . 

39 

38 

141 

59 

98 

30 

*Nagasaki . 

32 

44 

129 

52 

436 

133 

*Naha . 

26 

*3  ! 

127 

4i 

34 

10 

Nagoya . 

35 

10 

136 

55 

50 

15 

*Nemuro . 

43 

20 

145 

35 

87 

27 

*Ochiai . 

47 

20 

142 

44 

50 

15 

Osaka . 

34 

39 

135 

26 

10 

3 

Sapporo . 

43 

4 

141 

21 

55 

17 

Tadotu . 

34 

17 

1 33 

46 

16 

5 

♦Taihoku . 

25 

2 

121 

3i 

30 

9 

*Tokio . 

35 

4i 

139 

45 

70 

21 

Tokusima . 

34 

3 

134 

33 

13 

4 

Tsukubasan . 

36 

13 

140 

6 

2854 

870 

PHILIPPINES  AND  HAWAIIAN 

ISLANDS. 

Aparri  (Luzon) . 

18 

22  N. 

121 

38  E. 

16 

5 

Altimonan  (Luzon) . 

14 

00 

121 

55 

13 

4 

Baguio  (Benguet) . 

16 

25 

120 

36 

4961 

1512 

*Bolinao  (Luzon) . 

16 

24 

119 

53 

33 

10 

Cebu  (Cebu) . 

10 

18 

123 

54 

30 

9 

Dagupan  (Luzon) . 

16 

3 

120 

20 

10 

3 

*Honolulu  (Hawaii) . 

21 

19 

157 

52  w. 

39 

12 

Iloilo  (Panay) . 

10 

42 

122 

34  E. 

20 

6 

Legaspi  (Luzon) . 

13 

9 

123 

45 

20 

6 

*Manila  (Luzon) . 

14 

34 

120 

58 

46 

14 

Midway  Island . 

28 

13 

177 

22 

19 

6 

*Ormoc  (Leyte) . 

11 

00 

124 

36 

20 

6 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


253 


Table  107. 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 

Note.  — Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “Reseau  Mondial”  of  the  British  Meteorological 
Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


PHILIPPINES  AND  HAWAIIAN 

Latitude. 

Longitude 

from 

Height. 

ISLANDS. 

Greenwich. 

( Continued .) 

*Surigao  (Mindanao) . 

9° 

48'  N. 

1250 

29'  E 

Feet. 

20 

m. 

6 

*Tagbilaran  (Bohol) . 

9 

38 

123 

51 

85 

26 

Wigan  (Luzon) . 

17 

34 

120 

23 

49 

15  • 

EAST  INDIES. 

*Batavia  (Java) . 

6 

11  S. 

106 

50  E. 

26 

8 

^Christmas  Island . 

10 

25 

io5 

43 

20 

6 

*Cocos  Keeling  Island . 

12 

5 

96 

54 

16 

5 

950 

*Kajoemas  (Java) . 

7 

56 

1 14 

9 

3117 

*Kota  Radja  (Sumatra) . 

s 

32 

95 

20 

23 

7 

*Medan  (Sumatra) . 

3 

35 

98 

4i 

79 

24 

*Padang  (Sumatra) . 

0 

56 

100 

22 

23 

7 

*Passeroean  (lava) . 

7 

38 

112 

55 

16 

5 

*Pontianak  (Borneo) . 

0 

1 

109 

20 

10 

3 

Wort  Moresby  (New  Guinea) . 

9 

29 

147 

9 

128 

39 

Samarai . 

10 

37 

150 

40 

20 

6 

*Sandakan  (Borneo) . 

5 

49 

118 

12 

? 

? 

AUSTRALASIA. 

*Adelaide  (South  Australia) . 

34 

56  s. 

138 

35  E. 

141 

43 

Albany  (West  Australia) . 

35 

2 

117 

50 

4i 

12 

*  Alice  Springs  (South  Australia) . 

23 

38 

133 

37 

1926 

587 

*Auckland  (New  Zealand) . 

36 

50 

174 

50 

125 

38 

*Bou!ia  (Queensland) . 

22 

55 

139 

38 

479 

146 

*Bourke  (New  South  Wales) . 

30 

13 

145 

58 

360 

no 

*Brisbane  (Queensland) . 

27 

28 

153 

2 

137 

42 

Burketown  (Queensland) . . 

17 

45 

139 

33 

27 

8 

Camooweal  (Queensland) . 

19 

57 

138 

17 

758 

231 

*Christchurch  (New  Zealand) . 

43 

32 

172 

38 

27 

8 

Cooktown  (Queensland) . 

15 

28 

145 

17 

17 

5 

*Coolgardie  (Western  Australia) . 

30 

57 

121 

10 

1388 

423 

*Daly  Waters  (Northern  Territory).. 

16 

16 

133 

23 

699 

213 

*Danger  Point  (New  South  Wales) .  . 

34 

37 

19 

18 

66 

20 

*Derby  (Western  Australia) . 

17 

18 

123 

40 

53 

16 

*Dunedin  (New  Zealand) . 

45 

52 

170 

3i 

295 

90 

*Eucla  (Western  Australia) . 

3i 

45 

128 

58 

15 

5 

*Georgetown  (Queensland) . 

*Hall’s  Creek  (Western  Australia) .  . . 

18 

23 

143 

33 

990 

302 

18 

13 

127 

46 

1224 

373 

*Hobart  (Tasmania) . . 

42 

53 

147 

20 

160 

49 

*Katanning  (Western  Australia) . 

33 

42 

117 

35 

1017 

310 

*Launceston  (Tasmania) . 

4i 

27 

147 

10 

30 

9 

*Laverton  (Western  Australia) . 

28 

40 

122 

23 

1463 

466 

Mackay  (Queensland) . 

21 

9 

149 

13 

36 

118 

*Mein  (Queensland) . 

13 

13 

142 

57 

400 

122 

*Melbourne  (Victoria) . 

37 

50 

144 

59 

115 

35 

*Mitchell  (Queensland) . 

26 

32 

147 

52 

iiio 

337 

*Nullagine  (Western  Australia) . 

21 

53 

120 

5 

1270 

386 

*Onslow  (Western  Australia) . 

21 

43 

114 

57 

13 

4 

*Peak  Hill  (Western  Australia) . 

25 

38 

118 

47 

1929 

588 

*Perth  (Western  Australia) . 

3i 

57 

115 

5i 

197 

60 

*Port  Darwin  (Northern  Territory)  . 

12 

28 

130 

5i 

98 

30 

Richmond  (Queensland) . 

20 

44 

143 

10 

697 

212 

*Rockhampton  (Queensland) . 

23 

24 

150 

30 

37 

11 

Sandy  Cape  (Queensland) . 

24 

4i 

153 

16 

330 

100 

*Streaky  Bay  (South  Australia) . 

32 

48 

134 

13 

43 

13 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


254 


Table  107. 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 

Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “Reseau  Mondial”  of  the  British  Meteorological 
Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


Latitude. 

Longitude 

from 

Height. 

AUSTRALASIA. 

Greenwich. 

(1 Continued .) 

*Sydney  (New  South  Wales) . 

33° 

52' s. 

151° 

12'  E. 

Feet. 

146 

m. 

44 

Thargomindah  (Queensland) . 

27 

58 

143 

43 

402 

122 

Thursday  Island  (Queensland) . 

10 

34 

142 

12 

17 

5 

Townsville  Pilot  Station  (Queens- 

land) . 

19 

14 

146 

51 

73 

22 

*Wellington  (New  Zealand) . 

41 

16 

174 

46 

6 

2 

*William  Creek  (South  Australia) .  .  . 

28 

55 

136 

21 

249 

76 

Windorah  (Queensland) . 

25 

26 

142 

36 

390 

119 

OCEANIA. 

*Ambon . 

3 

42  S. 

128 

10  W. 

13 

4 

*Apia  (Samoa) . 

13 

48 

171 

46 

16 

5 

•Alofi  (Niue  Is.) . 

!9 

2 

169 

55 

121 

37 

*Chatham  Island . 

43 

52 

170 

42 

190 

58 

*Fanning  Island . 

3 

55  N. 

159 

23 

13 

4 

Gomen  (New  Caledonia) . 

20 

21  S. 

164 

10  E. 

? 

? 

*Guam  (Ladrones  Is.) . 

18 

24  N. 

144 

38 

66 

20 

*Koepang . 

10 

10  S. 

123 

34 

10 

3 

*Lord  Howe  Island . 

3i 

32 

159 

4 

? 

? 

*Malden  Island . 

3 

59 

155 

00  W. 

26 

8 

*Mataveri  (Easter  Is.) . 

27 

10 

169 

26 

98 

30 

*Norfolk  Island . 

29 

4s. 

167 

58  E. 

? 

? 

*Noumea  (New  Caledonia) . 

22 

16 

166 

27 

30 

9 

*Ocean  Island . 

0 

52 

169 

36 

92 

28 

*Rarotonga  (Cook  Is.) . 

21 

12 

159 

47  W. 

? 

? 

*Rendova  (Solomon  Is.) . 

8 

24 

157 

19  E. 

? 

? 

*Suva  (Fiji) . 

\8 

8 

178 

26 

13 

4 

*Tahiti  (Low  Arch.) . 

i5 

47 

148 

14 

154 

47 

*Tulagi  (Solomon  Is.) . 

9 

5 

160 

8 

6 

2 

*Uyelang . 

9 

42 

161 

2 

33 

10 

*Yap . 

9 

29 

138 

8 

105 

32 

AFRICA. 

*Accra  (Brit.  Guinea) . 

5 

35  N. 

0 

6  W. 

59 

18 

Addis- Abeba  (Abyssinia) . 

9 

1 

38 

43  E. 

7874 

2400 

*Alexandria  (Egypt) . 

3i 

9 

29 

54 

105 

32 

*Algiers  (Algeria) . 

36 

47 

2 

64 

125 

38 

*Aswan  (Egypt) . 

24 

2 

32 

53 

328 

100 

*Bathhurst  (Cape  Colony) . 

13 

24 

16 

36  W. 

16 

5 

Benghazi  (Tripoli) . 

32 

7 

20 

2  E. 

30 

9 

Bizerte  (Tunis) . 

37 

17 

9 

50 

30 

9 

Bulawayo  (South  Rhodesia) . 

20 

10  S. 

28 

40 

4469 

1362 

Cairo  (Egypt)  Abassia  Observatory. 

30 

4N. 

3i 

17 

108 

33 

*Cairo  (Egypt)  Helwan . 

29 

52 

3i 

20 

380 

116 

*Cape  Coast  Castle  (Brit.  Guinea).. . 

5 

5 

1 

13  w. 

? 

? 

Cape  Spartel  (Morocco) . 

35 

47 

5 

55 

191 

58 

*Cape  Town  (Cape  Colony) . 

33 

56  s. 

18 

29  E. 

30 

9 

*Casablanca  (Morocco) . 

33 

37  N. 

7 

35  W. 

56 

17 

Ceres  (Cape  Colony) . 

33 

22 

19 

20  E. 

1493 

455 

*Conakry  (Fr.  Guinea) . 

9 

3i 

13 

43  W. 

52 

16 

Constantine  (Algeria) . 

36 

22 

6 

37  E. 

2165 

660 

*Dakhla  Oasis  (Egypt) . 

25 

30 

29 

00 

426 

130 

*Daressalam  (Ger.  East  Africa) . 

6 

49  S. 

39 

18 

26 

8 

*Daru  (Abyssinia) . 

9 

4 

143 

13 

26 

8 

*Durban  (Natal) . 

29 

5i 

3i 

00 

262 

80 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


255 


TABLE  1  07, 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 

Note. — Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the“Reseau  Mondial”  of  the  British  Meteorological 
Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


Longitude 

Latitude. 

from 

Height. 

AFRICA. 

Greenwich. 

( Continued .) 

Feet. 

m. 

♦East  London  (Cape  Colony) . 

33° 

2'  S. 

27  ° 

55'  E. 

33 

10 

El-Djem  (Algeria) . 

35 

21  N. 

10 

38 

54i 

165 

*E1  Obeid  (Brit.  Sudan) . 

13 

11 

30 

14 

I9I9 

585 

*Entebbe  (Brit.  East  Africa) . 

0 

5 

32 

29 

3862 

1177 

Fort  Napier  (Natal) . 

29 

36  S. 

30 

23 

2200 

671 

Fort  National  (Algeria) . 

36 

38  N. 

3 

72 

3051 

930 

Geryville  (Algeria) . 

33 

4i 

1 

00 

4281 

1305 

Grahamstown  (Cape  Colony) . 

33 

18  S. 

26 

32 

1800 

540 

*Gwelo  (South  Rhodesia) . 

19 

27 

29 

49 

4646 

1416 

*Harrar  (Abyssinia) . 

9 

42  N. 

42 

30 

6089 

1856 

*Heidelberg  (Transvaal) . 

34 

5  S. 

20 

58 

5056 

1541 

*Insalah  (Sahara) . 

27 

17  N. 

2 

27 

1083 

330 

Ismailia  (Egypt) . 

30 

36 

3i 

76 

30 

9 

*  Johannesburg  (Transvaal) . 

26 

11  S. 

28 

4 

6148 

1874 

*Kadugli  (Brit.  Sudan) . 

11 

2  N. 

29 

45 

1650 

503 

*Kafia  Kingi  (Brit.  Sudan) . 

9 

22 

24 

18 

1955 

596 

*Katagum  (Nigeria) . 

12 

17 

10 

22 

102 

3i 

Kenilworth  (Kimberley) . 

28 

42  S. 

24 

27 

3950 

1204 

*Khartoum  (Egypt) . 

15 

37  N. 

32 

33 

1309 

390 

♦Kimberley  (Cape  Colony) . 

28 

43  S. 

24 

46 

4042 

1232 

*Kontagora  (Nigeria) . 

10 

24  N. 

5 

24 

1312 

400 

Laghouat  (Algeria) . 

33 

48 

2 

53 

2559 

780 

*Lagos  (Nigeria) . 

6 

22 

3 

28 

26 

8 

*Lamu  (Brit.  East  Africa) . 

2 

16  S. 

40 

54 

10 

3 

♦Libreville  (Fr.  Congo) . 

0 

23  N. 

9 

26 

115 

35 

♦Loango  (Fr.  Congo) . • .  • 

4 

38  s. 

11 

50 

?i64 

?5o 

♦Lorenzo  Marques  (Port.  East  Africa) 

25 

58 

32 

36 

194 

59 

♦McCarthy  Is.  (Gambia) . 

13 

42  N. 

14 

46  W. 

13 

4 

*Maiduguri  (Port.  East  Africa) . 

11 

48 

13 

12  E. 

1214 

370 

♦Mauritius  (Royal  Alfred  Observa- 

tory) . .  . . 

20 

6  S. 

57 

33 

177 

54 

Mayumba  (Fr.  Congo) . 

3 

23 

10 

3i 

200 

61 

Mojunga  (Madagascar) . 

15 

45 

46 

19 

134 

4i 

Mozambique  (East  Africa) . 

15 

00 

40 

44 

13 

6 

♦Nairobi  (Brit.  East  Africa) . 

1 

18 

36 

59 

5446 

1660 

♦Nandi  (Brit.  East  Africa) . 

0 

2  N. 

35 

5 

6594 

2010 

Oran  (Algeria) . . 

35 

42 

0 

39  W. 

174 

53 

Ouargla  (Algeria) . 

3i 

55 

4 

70  E. 

407 

124 

Port  Elizabeth  (Cape  Colony) . 

33 

58  s. 

25 

37 

181 

55 

Port  Said  (Egypt) . 

3i 

16 

3i 

79 

14 

4 

Porto  Novo  (Dahomey) . 

6 

28  N. 

2 

40 

65 

20 

♦Pretoria  (Transvaal) . 

25 

45  S. 

28 

11 

5170 

1576 

Queenstown  (Cape  Colony) . 

3i 

54 

26 

52 

35oo 

1067 

St.  Denis  (Reunion) . 

20 

5i 

55 

30 

102 

3* 

*St.  Helena . 

15 

57 

5 

40  W. 

2073 

632 

St.  Louis  (Senegal) . 

16 

1  N. 

16 

3i 

6 

2 

St.  Paul  de  Loanda  (Angolo) . 

8 

47  S. 

13 

13  E. 

194 

59 

*St.  Vincent  (C.  Verde  Is.) . 

16 

54  N. 

25 

4  w. 

36 

11 

*Sainte-Croix-des-Eshiras  (Fr.  Congo) 

1 

44  S. 

10 

21  E. 

640 

195 

Salisbury  (Rhodesia) . 

17 

49 

31 

3 

4878 

1487 

*San  Tiago  (C.  Verde  Is.) . 

14 

54  N. 

23 

31  w. 

112 

34 

♦Segou  (Fr.  West  Africa) . 

13 

34 

6 

17 

?892 

?272 

♦Sierra  Leone  (Sierra  Leone) . 

8 

30 

13 

9 

223 

68 

♦Sokoto  (Nigeria) . 

13 

2 

5 

14  E. 

1161 

354 

*Suez  (Egypt) . 

29 

57 

32 

32 

10 

3 

♦Tamatave  (Madagascar) . 

18 

9S. 

49 

26 

13 

4 

♦Tananarivo  (Madagascar) . 

18 

55 

47 

43 

4593 

1400 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


256 


Table  107. 


LIST  OF  METEOROLOGICAL  STATIONS. 

Note.  —  Stations  with  asterisk  appear  in  the  “Reseau  Mondial”  of  the  British  Meteorological 
Office  for  1912.  (London,  1917.) 


Longitude 

Latitude. 

from 

Height. 

AFRICA. 

Greenwich. 

{Continued.) 

Feet. 

m. 

Tangier  (Morocco) . 

35° 

47'  N. 

5° 

49' w. 

246 

75 

*Timbouctoo  (Fr.  West  Africa) . 

16 

43 

2 

92 

820 

250 

*Tunis  (Tunis) . 

36 

48 

10 

10  E. 

141 

43 

Upper  Sheikh  (East  Africa) . 

9 

56 

45 

11 

4593 

1400 

Vivi  (Congo) . 

5  - 

40  S. 

13 

49 

364 

hi 

!  *Wadi  Haifa  (Egypt) . 

21 

55  N. 

3i 

20 

420 

128 

*Wau  (Brit.  Sudan) . 

7 

42 

28 

3 

1444 

440 

*Windhuk  (Ger.  South  West  Africa) . 

22 

34  S. 

-  17 

5 

5463 

1665 

*Yola  (Nigeria) . 

9 

12  N. 

12 

30 

850 

259 

*Zanzibar  (Brit.  East  Africa) . 

6 

10  S. 

39 

11 

73 

22 

*Zomba  (Nyasaland  Prot.) . 

15 

23 

35 

18 

2949 

899 

*Zungeru  (Nigeria) . 

9 

48  N. 

6 

10 

426 

130 

ARCTIC  AND  ANTARCTIC. 

{See  also  Greenland,  Iceland, 

Russia,  etc.) 

Bossekop . 

69 

57  N. 

23 

15  E. 

? 

? 

*Cape  Evans  (McMurdo  Sound) .... 

77 

38  s. 

166 

24 

59 

18 

*Cape  Pembroke . 

5i 

41 

57 

42  W. 

69 

21 

Dicksonhavn . 

73 

30  N. 

81 

00  E. 

? 

? 

Fort  Rae . 

62 

39 

115 

44  w. 

? 

? 

*Framheim . . 

78 

38  s. 

163 

37 

36 

11 

Jan  Mayen . 

70 

59  N. 

8 

28 

? 

? 

Kingua-Fjord  (Cumberland  Sound) . 

66 

36 

67 

9 

? 

? 

Lady  Franklin  Bay . 

81 

44 

64 

45 

? 

? 

Novaya  Zemlya . 

72 

30 

52 

45  E. 

? 

? 

Orange  Bay . 

55 

31  S. 

70 

25  w. 

? 

? 

Point  Barrow . 

7i 

23  N. 

156 

40 

? 

? 

Sagastyr . 

73 

23 

124 

5  E. 

? 

? 

^Spitsbergen 

Advent  Bay . 

78 

2 

15 

6 

59° 

180 

Green  Harbour . 

78 

2 

14 

14 

36 

10 

*South  Georgia . 

54 

14  S. 

36 

33  W. 

13 

4 

*South  Orkneys . 

60 

44 

44 

39 

23 

1 

Smithsonian  Tables. 


257 


INDEX 


PAGE 

Absolute  thermometric  scale  defined . .  xi 

Absorption,  by  atmospheric  water -vapor  bands  in  in¬ 
fra-red . lxxi,  230 

Air,  coefficient  of  expansion . xxxix,  xl: 

density  of,  at  different  humidities, 

English . lxix-lxx,  221-223 

Metric . lxix-lxx,  225-228 

density  of,  at  different  pressures, 

English . lxix-lxx,  221-223 

Metric . lxix-lxx,  225-228 

density  of,  at  different  temperatures, 

English . .lxix,  220 

Metric . lxix-lxx,  224 

mass  of,  corresponding  to  different  zenith  dis¬ 
tances  of  the  sun . . lxviii,  218 

weight  in  grams  per  cubic  centimeter 

xli,  lxix-lxx,  220-228 

Angle,  conversion  of  days  into . xx,  52-55 

Angot,  A.,  treatise  cited . lxviii 

Approximate  absolute  thermometric  scale  defined  .  .  xi-xii 
Approximate  absolute  temperature,  conversion  into 

Centigrade,  Fahrenheit,  and  Reaumur . xii,  2-4 

Aqueous  vapor,  decrease  of  pressure  with  altitude 

at  mountain  stations . Ixi,  194 

pressure  of,  by  psychrometric  observations, 

English . Ivii-lx,  172-185 

Metric . lvii-lxi,  186-193 

pressure  of  saturated, 
over  ice 

English . Hi— lv,  160 

Metric . lii-lv,  165 

over  water, 

English . lii-lv,  161-164 

Metric . lii-lv,  166-168 

(See  also  atmospheric  water  vapor.) 
weight  of, 

English . lv-lvii,  169 

Metric . . lv-lvii,  170 

Arc,  conversion  into  time . xx,  50 

Aschkinass,  Rubens  &,  treatise  cited . 231 

Astronomical  twilight,  defined . .  lxvi 

duration  of . lxvi-lxvii,  215 

Atmospheric  pressure,  in  units  of  force,  .xvii-xviii,  36-39 
Atmospheric  water  vapor, 

absorption  by,  in  infra-red . lxxi,  230 

lines  in  visible  spectrum . lxxi,  229-230 

August,  work  cited . lvii 

Avoirdupois,  conversion  into  metric . xxiii,  60 

Babinet,  barometric  formula  for  determining  heights 

xlix,  157 

Ball,  Frederick,  work  cited . lxvii 

Bar,  value  of  defined . xvii 

Barometer, 

correction  for  (in  determining  height), 
gravity  and  weight  of  mercury, 

English . xliii,  140-141 

Metric . r . xlvii,  153 

humidity, 

Dynamic . xlvi-xlvii,  152 

English . xliii-xliv,  142 

Metric . xlvi-xlvii,  149-151 

temperature, 

English . xlii-xliii,  138-139 

Metric . . . ..  .xlv-xlvi,  147-148 

variation  of  gravity  with  altitude, 

English . xliv,  143 

Metric . xlvii,  154 

determination  of  height  by, 

Babinet’s  formula . xlix-1,  157 

Laplace’s  formula . xxxix-xli 

Dynamic . xliv-xlviii,  1 45-1 54 

English . xli-xliv,  134-143 

Metric . xliv-xlviii,  144-1 54 


PAGE 

Barometer, 

difference  in  height  corresponding  to, 

a  change  of  0.01  inch . xlviii,  155 

a  change  of  1  mm . xlix,  156 

pressures  corresponding  to  temperature  of  boil¬ 
ing  water . 1— lii,  158 

reduced  to, 

standard  gravity . xxxiv-xxxviii,  129 

English . xxxvii-xxxviii,  130-131 

Metric . xxxviii,  132-133 

standard  temperature . xxx-xxxiv 

English . xxxii-xxxiii,  86-105 

Metric.  . . . xxxiii-xxxiv,  106-128 

value  for  auxiliary  formula  in  determining  height, 

Dynamic . xlv,  145-146 

English  . xlii,  134-137 

Metric . xlv,  144 

Barometric  constant . xl-xli 

Baumann,  A.,  treatise  cited . lii 

Beaufort,  Admiral, 

weather  notation . lxxii,  236 

wind  scale . xxiv-xxv,  70 

Belli,  work  cited.  . . lviii 

Bemporad,  A.,  treatise  cited . lxviii 

Bowie,  William,  work  cited . xxxv,  lxiii 

Broch,  work  cited . xxxii,  lii-liii 

Buckingham,  Edgar,  work  cited . xv 

Cederberg,  I.  W.,  treatise  cited  . liii 

Centigrade,  conversion  into  Approximate  Absolute, 

Fahrenheit,  and. Reaumur.  . . ..xii,  2-4 

conversion  into  Fahrenheit . .xiv,  10-12 

differences  into  differences  Fahrenheit.  ..  .xv,  13 

near  boiling  point  of  water . xiv,  13 

thermometric  scale  defined . xi 

Chappuis,  Pierre,  work  cited . xviii 

Civil  twilight,  defined . lxvi 

duration  of . lxvii,  216 

Clarke,  treatise  cited . xli,  lxiv 

spheroid . xx,  lxiv 

Cloud  classification,  international . lxxii,  234-235 

Coefficient  of  expansion  of  air  with  temperature.xxxix,  xli 
Continental  measures  of  length  and  equivalents . .  .  xx,  48 
Conversion  of, 

barometric  readings  into  standard  units  of 

pressure . xvii,  36-39 

linear  measures . xvi,  16-48 

measures  of  time  and  angle . xx,  50-58 

measures  of  weight . xxiii,  60-62 

thermometric  scales . xi-xiv,  2-13 

wind  velocities . xxiv,  64-70 

Correction, 

in  determining  heights  by  barometer, 
for  gravity  and  weight  of  mercury, 

English . xliii,  141 

Metric . xlvii,  153 

for  humidity, 

Dynamic . xlvi-xlvii,  152 

English . xliii,  142 

Metric . xlvi-xlvii,  149-151 

for  temperature, 

English . xlii-xliii,  138-139 

Metric . xlv-xlvi,  147-148 

for  variation  of  gravity  with  altitude, 

English . xliv,  143 

Metric . xlvii,  154 

for  temperature  of  emergent  mercurial  column 

of  thermometers . xv,  14 

Davis,  H.  N.,  work  cited . Ivi 

Days,  conversion  into  decimals  of  year  and  angle 

xx,  52-55 

conversion  of  decimals  of,  into  hours,  minutes, 
and  seconds . . xxi,  56 


26o 


INDEX. 


PAGE 

Declination  of  the  sun . Ixvi,  214 

Defforges,  G.  E.,  work  cited . xxxv 

Degree,  length  of,  at  different  latitudes, 

of  meridian . lxiv,  201 

of  any  parallel . lxiv,  202 

Degrees,  interconversion  of  Absolute,  Centigrade, 

Fahrenheit,  and  Reaumur . , . xii-xiii,  2-4 

Density  of  air . lxix,  lxx,  220-228 

Depth  of  water  corresponding  to  weight  of  snow  or 

rain . Ixii,  194-195 

Determination  of  heights  by  barometer, 

Dynamic . xliv-xlviii,  145-154 

English . . xli-xliv,  134-143 

Metric . xliv-xlvii,  144-1 54 

Babinet’s  formula  for . . . .  .xlix-1,  157 

Dew-point . lviii 

vapor  pressure  corresponding  to, 

English . lix,  172-182 

Metric . lx,  186-191 

Differences,  in  height,  corresponding  to  changes  in 
barometer, 

English . xlviii,  155 

Metric . xlix,  156 

Differences, 

Centigrade  to  Fahrenheit . xv,  13 

Fahrenheit  to  Centigrade . xiv,  13 

Duration  of, 

astronomical  twilight . lxvii,  215 

civil  twilight . lxvii,  216 

sunshine . lxv,  203-2x4 

Dyne . Ixiii 


Henning,  F.,  treatise  cited . lii-Iiil 

Heuse,  W.,  treatise  cited . 

Holbcrn,  L.,  treatise  cited . !!  !lii 

Hours,  conversion  into  decimals  of  a  day . xxi,  56 

minutes  and  seconds  into  decimals  of . xxi,  57 

Humidity, 

correction  for,  in  determining  heights  by  baro¬ 
meter, 

Dynamic . xlvi-xlvii,  152 

English . xliii-xliv,  142 

Metric . xlvi-xlvii,  149-151 

relative, 

Fahrenheit . lx,  183-185 

Centigrade . lxi,  192-193 

term  for,  in  determining  density  of  air, 

English . lxx,  221-223 

Metric . lxx,  225-228 

Hygrometrical  tables . lii-lxiii,  160-195 

Hypsometric  formula . xxxix 

Hypsometry . xxxix-lii,  134-158 

Illumination  intensities,  relative . lxix,  218 

Inches,  barometric,  conversion  into  millibars 

t  u  •  •  .  xviii.  36-37 

inches,  conversion  into  millimeters . xvii,  16-22 

Infra-red  spectrum,  absorption  by  water  vapor  bands 

. lxxi,  230 

Interconversion,  nautical  and  statute  miles . xx,  48 

sidereal  and  solar  time . . xxii,  58 

International  cloud  classification . lxxii,  234 

International  meteorological  symbols . lxxi,  232-233 


El,  value  of  the . 48 

Espy,  work  cited . lviii 

Expansion,  coefficient  of,  for  air,  with  temperature 

xxxix,  xli 

Fahrenheit,  conversion  into  Approximate  Absolute, 

Centigrade,  and  Reaumur . xii,  2-4 

conversion  into  Centigrade .  .  .xiii,  5-9 

differences  into  differences  Centigrade. .  .xiv,  13 

Fathom,  Swedish,  value  of . 48 

Feet,  conversion  into  meters . xix,  40-41 

per  second  into  miles  per  hour . xxiv,  65 

Ferrel,  Wm.,  treatise  cited  .  . .  .xxvii,  xli,  xliii,  lxvii,  lxviii 

Foot,  value  of,  for  different  nationalities . .48 

Formula,  Babinet’s  barometric . .xlix-1,  157 

gradient  winds . xxvii-xxix,  77-79 

Lambert’s,  wind  direction . xxv-xxvii,  71-76 

Laplace’s  barometric . xxxix 

vapor  pressure, 
over  ice 

English . lii-lv,  160 

Metric . lii-lv,  165 

over  water, 

English . lii-lv,  161-164 

Metric . . . . . lii-lv,  166-168 

from  psychrometric  readings, 

English . lvii-lx,  172-182 

Metric . lvii-lxi,  186-191 

Fowle,  F.  E.,  treatise  cited . lxxi 


Geodetical  tables . lxiii-lxix,  198-218 

Gradient  winds, 

English . xxvii-xxix,  77-78 

Metric . xxvii-xxix,  78-79 

Grains,  conversion  into  grams . xxiii,  61 

Grams,  conversion  into  grains . xxiii,  xxiv,  62 

Gravity,  standard,  defined . xxxv 

correction  of,  for  variation  with  altitude . xxxv 

to  standard . xxxv-xxxvi 

reduction  of  barometric  readings  to  standard 

xxxvi-xxxviii,  1 29-133 
relative  acceleration  in  different  latitudes 

Ixiii,  199-200 


value  of,  at  sea  level . Ixiii,  198 

Guyot,  A.,  treatise  cited . xxxii 


Hann,  J.,  treatise  cited. . xli,  lxi,  lxxi 

Hazen,  H.  A.,  treatise  cited . xxiv,  xxvi 

Height,  determination  of, 
by  barometer, 

Dynamic . xliv-xlvii,  145-154 

English . xli-xliv,  134-143 

Metric . xliv-xlvii,  1 44-1 54 

thermometrical  measurement  of . 1-li,  158 


Juhlin,  T.  T.,  work  cited . Ijj 

Kelvin,  Lord,  work  cited.. . xi 

Kilogram  prototype . xxiii 

Kilograms,  conversion  into  pounds . xxiii,  61 

Kilometers,  into  miles . xix,  46-47 

per  hour  into  meters  per  second . xxiv,  69 

Kimball,  Herbert  H.,  works  cited . Ixvi,  lxix 

Klafter,  Wiener,  value  of . 48 

Lambert’s  formula,  mean  wind  direction,  .xxv-xxvi,  71-76 

Laplace,  formula  of . xxxix 

Latitude,  correction  for,  in  determining  heights  by 
the  barometer, 

English . xxxvii-xxxviii,  xliii,  140-141 


in  reducing  barometer  to  standard  gravity, 


Metric . xxxvii-xxxviii,  132-133 

Leduce,  S.  A.,  work  cited . xviii,  xli 

Length,  arc  of  meridian . lxiv,  201 

arc  of  parallel . lxiv,  202 

continental  measures  of,  with  metric  and 

British  equivalents . xx,  48 

Libbey,  Wm.,  work  cited . lxv 

Line,  old  French,  value  of . 48 

Linear  measures . xvi,  16-48 

Marks,  L.  S.,  work  cited . lvi 

Marvin,  C.  F.,  work  cited . xviii,  xxxi,  lii 

Maxwell,  work  cited . lvii 

Mean  time,  conversion  of  solar  into  sidereal . xxii,  58 

at  apparent  noon . xxii,  57 

Measures  of  angle . xx-xxi,  50-55 

of  length . xx,  48 

of  time . xx-xxiii,  50-58 

Mercury,  density  of  . xviii 

Meridian,  arcs  of  terrestrial . lxiv 

length  of  a  degree . lxiv,  201 

Meteorological  stations,  list  of . lxxii,  237-257 

Meter . xix 

Meters,  conversion  into  feet . xix,  42-43 

per  second  into  kilometers  per  hour . xxiv,  68 

per  second  into  miles  per  hour  . xxiv,  66 

Mile,  different  values  for . 48 

Miles,  conversion  into  kilometers . xix,  44-45 

per  hour  into  feet  per  second . xxiv,  65 

kilometers  per  hour . xxiv,  64 

meters  per  second . xxiv,  67 

Millimeters,  conversion  into  inches . xvii,  23-35 

(barometric),  into  millibars . xviii,  38-39 

Minutes  of  time,  into  arc. . . xx,  51 

into  decimals  of  a  day . xxi,  56 

into  decimals  of  an  hour . xxi,  57 


INDEX, 


26l 


PAGE 

Moon,  zenithal  full,  relative  illumination  intensity  of.  .  2x8 
quarter,  relative  illumination  intensity  of . 218 


Nautical  mile,  equivalent  in  statute . xx,  48 

Newcomb,  Simon,  work  cited . xxii 

Notation,  Beaufort’s,  weather . lxxii,  236 


Ounces,  conversion  into  kilograms . xxiii,  60 

kilograms  into . xxiii,  61 


Palm,  Netherlands,  value . 48 

Parallel,  length  of  a  degree  on . lxiv,  202 

Paschen,  F.,  treatise  cited . . . ...  231 

Pounds,  conversion  into  kilograms . xxiii,  60 

imperial  standard . xxiii 

Pressure  of  saturated  aqueous  vapor, 
over  ice, 

English . lii-lv,  160 

Metric . lii-lv,  165 

over  water, 

English . lii-lv,  161-164 

Metric . ...  .lii-lv,  166-168 

decrease  with  altitude  at  mountain  stations 

lxi-lxii,  194 

Pressure,  standard  units  of, 

conversion  of  barometric  readings  into, 

xvii-xviii,  36-39 

(See  also  Barometer) 

Prototype  kilogram . xxiii 

Psychrometric  formula . lvii-lxi 

Psychrometric  observations, 
reduction  of 

English . lix-lx,  172-182 

Metric . lx-lxi,  186-191 

Quantity  of  rainfall  corresponding  to  different  depths 

lxiii,  195 


Radiation,  solar,  relative  intensity  of, 

for  24  hours  at  top  of  atmosphere . Ixvii,  217 

during  year  at  surface  of  the  earth . lxviii,  218 


transmission  percentages  of,  through  moist  air, 

lxxi,  231 

Rainfall,  conversion  of  depth  of,  into  gallons  and  tons 

lxiii,  195 

Reaumur,  conversion  to  Approximate  Absolute,  Cen¬ 


tigrade  and  Fahrenheit . xii,  2-4 

Reduction,  of  barometer  to 

standard  gravity . xxxiv-xxxviii,  129- 133 

standard  temperature . xxx-xxxiv,  86-128 

of  psychrometric  observations, 

English . lvii-lx,  172-182 

Metric . lvii-lxi,  186-191 

of  snowfall  measurements . lxii,  194-195 

Regnault,  treatise  cited . xxxii,  li,  lii,  lvii 

Relative  humidity, 

English . lx,  183-185 

Metric . . . lxi,  192-193 

Relative  intensity  of  solar  radiation,  .lxvii-lxviii,  217-218 

Rode,  Danish,  value  of . 48 

Rotch,  A.  L.,  work  cited . xxv 

Rowland,  work  cited . . . lxxi 

Rubens  and  Aschinass,  treatise  cited . 231 

Ruthe,  Prussian,  value  of . 48 

Norwegian,  value  of . 48 


Sagene,  Russian,  value  of . 48 

Scales,  comparison  of  Approximate  Absolute,  Centi¬ 
grade,  Fahrenheit,  and  Reaumur . xii-xiii,  2-4 

Sea-level, 

reduction  of  temperature  to, 

English . xxx,  82 

Metric . xxx,  83 

Seconds,  conversion  of  decimals  of  a  day  into . xxi,  56 

into  arc . xx,  51 

into  decimals  of  a  day . xxi,  56 

into  decimals  of  an  hour . xxi,  57 

,  .  reduction  for,  sidereal  or  solar  time . xxii,  58 

Sidereal  time,  conversion  to  mean  solar . xxii,  58 

Simpson,  Dr.  G.  C.,  work  cited . xxv 

Sky,  relative  illumination  intensity, 

at  sunset . 218 

at  end  of  civil  twilight . 218 

Snowfall,  weight  corresponding  to  depth  of  water 

lxii,  194-195 


PAGE 

Solar  radiation,  intensity  of, 

for  24  hours  at  top  of  atmosphere . Ixvii,  217 

during  year  at  surface  of  the  earth . lxviii,  218 

Solar  time,  mean,  conversion  into  sidereal.,  .xxii-xxiii,  58 

Specific  gravity,  of  air . xii 

of  aqueous  vapor . lv-lvi 

Spectrum,  water  vapor  lines  in  visible . lxxi,  229-230 

absorption  in  infra-red . lxxi,  230 

Spheroid,  Clarke’s  . xx 

Starlight,  relative  illumination  intensity  of . .  .  218 

State  of  weather,  Beaufort  notation  for . lxxii,  236 

Stations,  list  of  meteorological . lxxii,  237-257 

Statute  miles,  conversion  of,  into  nautical . xx,  48 

Stefan,  work  cited . .  .  lvii 

Sun,  declination  of . lxvi,  214 

relative  illumination  intensity  of  zenithal . 218 

Sunrise,  time  of,  defined . lxvi 

Sunset,  time  of,  defined . lxvi 

Sunshine,  duration  of . lxv,  203-214 

Symbols,  International  Meteorological . lxxi,  232-233 

Temperature, 

correction  for,  of  thermometer  stem . xv,  14 

reduction  to  sea  level . xxx,  82,  83 


term  in  determination  of  heights  by  barometer 

xlii-xliii,  xlv-xlvi,  138-139,  147-148 
term  in  determination  of  density  of  air 


Thermodynamic  thermometric  scale,  defined . . .  .xi 

Thermometer,  hypsometric . .  - 1— li,  158 

correction  for  temperature  of  mercury  in  stem. 

xv-xvi,  14 

Thermometric  scales,  defined . .  .xii 

interconversion  of . xii,.  2-4 

Thiesen,  M.,  work  cited . liii,  liv 

Time, 

arc  into . xx,  50 

into  arc . xx,  51 

mean,  at  apparent  noon . xxii,  57 

mean  solar  into  sidereal . xxii,  58 

sidereal  into  mean  solar . xxii,  58 

Toise,  value  of . . . .  48 

Transmission  percentages  of  radiation  through  moist 

air . -lxxi,  231 

Twilight,  duration  of  astronomical . Ixvii,  215 

duration  of  civil . Ixvii,  216 


Vapor,  aqueous, 
pressure  of, 

English . lii-lv,  160-164 

Metric . .lii-lv,  165-168 

pressure  by  psychrometric  observations, 

English . lix,  172-182 

Metric . lx,  186-191 

pressure  decrease  with  altitude, 

for  mountain  stations . lxi,  194 

specific  gravity . lv-lvi 

weight  of . lv-lvii,  169-170 

Vara,  values  of, 

Mexican . 48 

Spanish . 48 

Versta  or  Werst,  value  of . 48 

Visible  spectrum,  water  vapor  lines  in . lxxi,  229-230 

Waals,  J.  D.  van  der,  work  cited . liii 

Water,  vapor  of  (see  Aqueous) 

Weather,  state  of,  Beaufort  symbols  for . lxxii,  236 

Weight,  of  saturated  aqueous  vapor, 

Cubic  foot . lv-lvii,  169 

Cubic  meter . Iv-lvii,  170 

in  grams,  of  a  cubic  centimeter  of  air, 

English . lxix-lxx,  220-223 

Metric . lxix-lxx,  224-228 

Werst  or  versta,  value  of . 48 

Wind  tables . xxiv-xxix,  64-79 

Wind,  mean  direction  by  Lambert’s  formula 

xxv-xxvii,  71-76 

true  direction  and  velocity  at  sea,  determina¬ 
tion  of . xxv 

gradient,  velocity  of . xxvii-xxix,  77-79 

radius  of  critical  curvature,  .xxvii-xxix,  77-79 

scale,  Beaufort’s . . . xxiv-xxv,  70 

synoptic  conversion  of  velocities . xxiv,  64 


Year,  days  into  decimals  of,  and  angle . xx,  52-55. 

tropical,  length  of . xxii 


®l>e  litfacfStDe  press 

CAMBRIDGE  •  MASSACHUSETTS 
U  •  S  •  A 


5CL, 

‘oTnAzm 


SMITHSONIAN  MISCELLANEOUS  COLLECTIONS 

VOLUME  69,  NUMBER  1 

SMITHSONIAN 

METEOROLOGICAL 

TABLES 

[based  on  guyot’s  meteorological  and  physical  tables] 

FOURTH  REVISED  EDITION 


(Publication  2493) 


CITY  OF  WASHINGTON 

PUBLISHED  BY  THE  SMITHSONIAN  INSTITUTION 
1918 


i 


Iff 


3  0112  105208133 


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